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- ACTION
- 19.1 Motivation
- adaptive mesh
- 2.3.2 Tools, 12.3.2 Adaptive Refinement, 12.3.3 Examples, 12.8.2 Adaptive Structures, 12.8.3 Tree as Grid, 12.8.3 Tree as Grid, 12.8.3 Tree as Grid
- adaptive refinement
- 10.1.1 Applications and Extensions
- adaptive;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;mesh
- 12.8.2 Adaptive Structures, 12.8.2 Adaptive Structures
- aerodynamics
- The Process of , 4.1 QCD and the , 4.1 QCD and the
- alpha-beta pruning
- 14.3.1 Sequential Computer Chess
- Amdahl's law
- Overview
- Amdahl's;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;law
- 2.2.4 Mid-1980s
- AMETEK
- 3.5 Spatial Properties of
- artificial intelligence
- 4.1 QCD and the , 6.1 Computational Issues
in
- ASPAR
- 13.5 ASPAR
- assignment problem
- 3.1 Introduction, 9.8.1 Introduction, (
- assignment;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;problem
- )
- astrophysics
- 4.1 QCD and the , 12.4 Tree Codes for
- asymptotic scaling
- 4.4.5 O(3) Model
- Asynchronous
- 3.4 The Temporal Properties
, 18.1.2 Asynchronous versus Loosely
- asynchronous communication
- 5.2.9 The Crystal Router
- asynchronous;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;communication
- 14.2.2 Solution Method
- asynchronous;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;problems
- Asynchronous Problems and
- atomic
- 4.3.7 QCD on the , 5.4.5 Event Tracing, 17.2.2 MovieScript as Virtual , 17.2.2 MovieScript as Virtual , X/Motif/OpenLook
- back-propagation
- 6.6 Character Recognition by , 6.6.1 MLP in General
- banded matrix
- 8.1 Full and Banded , 9.5.2 Design Overview, Order 13040 Example, 9.6.2 Mathematical Formulation
- bandwidth
- 2.2.5 Late 1980s, 3.5 Spatial Properties of , 4.3.7 QCD on the , 5.1 Multicomputer Operating Systems, 7.1 Embarrassingly Parallel Problem , 8.1.4 Systems of Linear , 8.1.4 Systems of Linear , Intel Machines, 9.5.2 Design Overview, Order 13040 Example, Exploitation of Latency, Exploitation of Latency, 16.1 Overview of Zipcode, 16.1 Overview of Zipcode, 16.1 Overview of Zipcode, 17.4.4 MOVIE as VR , 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- Barnes-Hut;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;method
- 12.8.2 Adaptive Structures
- battle management
- 18.3.1 The Basic Simulation
- BBN Butterfly
- 4.4.3 Potts Model
- BBN TC2000
- 2.2.5 Late 1980s
- biology
- 7.2.1 Introduction, 10.1.1 Applications and Extensions, 12.2.4 Summary, Neural Networks, 20.2 Computational Science
- bitonic sorting
- 12.7 Sorting, 12.7.2 The Bitonic Algorithm, 12.7.2 The Bitonic Algorithm, 12.7.2 The Bitonic Algorithm
- BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra)
- 8.1.3 Matrix Multiplication for , Intel Machines, Intel Machines, 13.7 Hierarchical Memory
- BLAS;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;(Basic Linear Algebra)
- 8.1.7 Concurrent Linear Algebra
- blocking
- 4.4.2 Ising Model, 4.4.2 Ising Model, 4.4.2 Ising Model, 4.4.2 Ising Model, 4.4.2 Ising Model, 4.4.2 Ising Model, 4.4.2 Ising Model, 4.4.2 Ising Model, 4.4.2 Ising Model, 4.4.2 Ising Model, 4.4.2 Ising Model, 6.6.5 Comments and Variants , 6.6.5 Comments and Variants , 7.6.6 Distributed Modelling via , 7.6.6 Distributed Modelling via , 8.1.2 Basic Matrix Arithmetic, 9.5.4 New Data Distributions, 9.5.4 New Data Distributions, 16.2.4 RK Calls
- Bold Driver Network
- 9.9.2 The ``Bold Driver''
- Boltzman equation
- 12.4 Tree Codes for
- boundary element method
- 12.2.2 Mathematical Theory
- brain
- 4.1 QCD and the , 9.9.4 Parallel Optimization
- Breakpoint
- 5.3.2 Designing a Parallel
- broadcast
- 5.2.3 Collective Communication, 5.2.6 The Mark III, 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems, 8.1.2 Basic Matrix Arithmetic, 8.1.2 Basic Matrix Arithmetic, 8.1.2 Basic Matrix Arithmetic, 8.1.4 Systems of Linear , 8.1.6 Other Matrix Algorithms, 8.2.3 Parallel Algorithm, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.7 Conclusions, 9.5.7 Conclusions, 9.5.7 Conclusions, 9.5.7 Conclusions, 9.5.7 Conclusions, 12.5.3 Hypercube Implementation, 12.7.4 Quicksort or Samplesort , 13.2.7 Static Performance Estimator, 13.5.5 Global Strategies, 16.1 Overview of Zipcode, Letter-Consuming Primitives, 17.2.4 Model for MIMD-parallelism
- C3PO
- 5.2.7 Host Programs
- cache
- 13.7 Hierarchical Memory
- Canny filter
- 17.3.5 Edge Detection via
- Cartesian
- 8.1.1 Matrix Decomposition, 8.2.3 Parallel Algorithm, 8.3.2 The SMC Method , 8.3.2 The SMC Method , 9.8.2 The Sequential Algorithm, 12.4.1 Oct-Trees
- CDC
- 1.3 Caltech Concurrent Computation , 2.2.1 Parallel Scientific Computers , 2.2.1 Parallel Scientific Computers , 4.1 QCD and the
- Cedar
- 2.2.4 Mid-1980s
- cellular automata
- The Process of , 4.5.1 Introduction, 4.5.1 Introduction
- cellular;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;automata
- 4.2 Synchronous Applications, 7.6.6 Distributed Modelling via
- Centaur
- 18.3.2 The Run-Time Environment-the , 18.3.2 The Run-Time Environment-the
- character recognition
- 6.6 Character Recognition by , 6.6.2 Character Recognition using
- character;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;recognition
- 6.6 Character Recognition by
- checkerboard ordering
- 11.1.4 Simulated Annealing, 17.2.3 Data-Parallel Computing
- chemical engineering
- 9.5.7 Conclusions, 9.6.5 Chemical Engineering Example, 9.6.6 Conclusions, Asynchronous Problems and
- Chemistry
- 2.2.1 Parallel Scientific Computers , 2.2.5 Late 1980s, 8.1.5 The Gauss-Jordan Method, Geomorphology by Micromechanical
, 20.1 Lessons, 20.2 Computational Science, 20.2 Computational Science, 20.2 Computational Science, 20.2 Computational Science, 20.2 Computational Science, 20.2 Computational Science
- cluster algorithms
- 4.4.3 Potts Model, 11.1.4 Simulated Annealing, 12.6 Cluster Algorithms for , 12.6.2 Cluster Algorithms
- CMFortran
- 2.3.1 Languages and Compilers, 13.1.1 High Performance Fortran
- Coherent Parallel C
- 13.6 Coherent Parallel C
- collective communication
- 5.2.3 Collective Communication, 5.2.6 The Mark III, 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems, 13.3 Fortran 90 Experiments
- collective stereopsis
- 6.8 Collective Stereopsis
- collective;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;communication
- 5.2.6 The Mark III, 5.2.11 Express, 5.2.14 Conclusions
- collisional;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;simulated annealing
- 11.1.4 Simulated Annealing
- combine
- 5.2.3 Collective Communication
- compiler
- (, ), The Process of , 4.2 Synchronous Applications, 4.2 Synchronous Applications, 12.1 Irregular Loosely Synchronous , (, A Software Tool , 13.4 Optimizing Compilers by , ), 17.2.4 Model for MIMD-parallelism, 20.1 Lessons
- complex system
- 9.1 Problem Structure, Applications and Extensions , 11.3 Physical Optimization, 13.7 Hierarchical Memory, Complex System Simulation
- complex;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;system
- (, 3.4 The Temporal Properties
, 13.1.3 Problem Architecture and
- compound problem
- 3.6 Compound Complex Systems, 3.8 Parallel Computing Works?, 3.8 Parallel Computing Works?, 15.1 Asynchronous Software Paradigms, 17.2.2 MovieScript as Virtual , 18.1.1 Applications, 18.1.3 Software for Compound
- computational fluid dynamics
- The Process of , 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- computational graph
- 7.1 Embarrassingly Parallel Problem
- computational;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;fluid dynamics
- 1.2 The National Vision
- Computational;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Science
- 20.1 Lessons
- computer ;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;chess
- 14.3 Computer Chess
- computer chess
- 13.5.1 Degrees of Difficulty, ), 18.1.2 Asynchronous versus Loosely
- computer;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;chess
- Asynchronous Problems and
- Concurrent DASSL
- Overview
- condensed matter
- 6.1 Computational Issues
in
- condensed;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;matter
- 6.1 Computational Issues
in
- conjugate gradient
- 4.3.4 Lattice QCD, 9.9.7 Summary, 10.1.1 Applications and Extensions, 10.2.2 Operations and Elements, 10.2.2 Operations and Elements, 11.1.1 Load Balancing a , 11.1.1 Load Balancing a
- conjugate;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;gradient
- The Process of
- Connection Machine
- (, ), 3.5 Spatial Properties of , (, 4.3.7 QCD on the , ), 6.2.3 Parallel Issues, 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, 12.6.4 Self-labelling, 13.6 Coherent Parallel C
- Connection;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Machine
- 4.1 QCD and the
- convergence
- 6.5.1 Multigrid Method with , 6.5.2 Interacting Line Processes, 6.6.3 The Multiscale Technique, 6.6.5 Comments and Variants , 6.8 Collective Stereopsis, 8.3.5 Selected Results, 9.5.5 Performance Versus Scattering, Overview, The Integration Computations, 9.7.2 The Basic Algorithm, 9.7.4 The Concurrent Algorithm, The Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno
One-StepMemoryless , 10.2.4 Results, 11.1.1 Load Balancing a , 11.1.8 Test Results, 11.1.8 Test Results, 11.1.9 Conclusions, 12.3 Transonic Flow, 12.8.3 Tree as Grid
- convolution
- 6.1 Computational Issues
in , 13.5.3 The Local View, 13.5.5 Global Strategies, 13.5.5 Global Strategies, 18.2.2 Concepts of Interactive
- correlation dimension
- 4.2 Synchronous Applications
- correlation length
- 6.3.4 Physics Results, 12.6.1 Monte Carlo Calculations
- cortex
- 7.6.4 What is GENESIS?, 17.1.2 Towards the MOVIE
- Cosmic Cube
- (, ), (, ), (, ), 4.3.5 Concurrent QCD Machines, 4.3.5 Concurrent QCD Machines, 5.1 Multicomputer Operating Systems, 5.2.1 Prehistory, 13.1.1 High Performance Fortran
- Cosmic Environment
- 16.2.3 CE Functions
- cost function
- 11.1.2 The Optimization Problem
- Couette flow
- 4.5.6 Simulations, 4.5.6 Simulations
- CRAY
- 1.3 Caltech Concurrent Computation , (, ), ), (, 4.3.5 Concurrent QCD Machines, 4.3.6 QCD on the , 4.4.3 Potts Model, 4.4.4 XY Model, 6.1 Computational Issues
in , 6.3.3 Parallel Implementation and , 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, 7.2.4 Performance of String , (, ), 9.1 Problem Structure, (, 12.3.4 Performance, 12.6.3 Parallel Cluster Algorithms, 14.3 Computer Chess, The Evaluation Function, 18.1.1 Applications
- critical exponent
- 4.4.2 Ising Model, Comparison with Experiments
- critical slowing down
- 4.4.3 Potts Model
- critical;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;exponent
- 4.4.2 Ising Model
- crumpling transition
- 7.2.2 Discretized Strings
- Crystal Router
- 5.2.8 A Ray Tracer-and , 5.2.9 The Crystal Router, 13.6 Coherent Parallel C
- crystalline
- ``Melting''-a Non-crystalline\indexcrystalline Problem, 5.2.5 ``Melting''-a Non-crystalline Problem, 5.2.5 ``Melting''-a Non-crystalline Problem, 5.2.5 ``Melting''-a Non-crystalline Problem, 5.2.5 ``Melting''-a Non-crystalline Problem, 5.2.6 The Mark III, 5.2.8 A Ray Tracer-and , 5.2.8 A Ray Tracer-and , 5.2.8 A Ray Tracer-and , 5.2.9 The Crystal Router, 5.2.9 The Crystal Router, 5.2.11 Express, 5.2.11 Express, 5.2.11 Express, 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems, 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems, 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems, 5.2.14 Conclusions, 7.2.2 Discretized Strings
- CUBIX
- (, 5.2.7 Host Programs, ), DIME: Portable Software , 10.1.2 The Components of , 15.2.1 Design of MOOSE, 15.3 Time Warp
- DAP
- 2.2.1 Parallel Scientific Computers
- DASSL
- Concurrent DASSL Applied
- data analysis
- 7.1 Embarrassingly Parallel Problem , 18.1.1 Applications
- data dependence
- 13.2.2 Overview of the , 13.5.3 The Local View
- data distribution
- 9.5.4 New Data Distributions, 9.6.1 Introduction
- data locality
- 13.7 Hierarchical Memory
- data-parallel languages
- Problem Architecture and
- databases
- 1.2 The National Vision
, Overview, 17.2.3 Data-Parallel Computing, (, ), (, ), 18.2.9 User Interface, 18.2.10 Computation, 19.1 Motivation, 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- dataflow
- 2.3.1 Languages and Compilers, 2.3.2 Tools, 3.4 The Temporal Properties
, 3.4 The Temporal Properties
, 4.1 QCD and the , (, )
- deadlock
- 5.3.2 Designing a Parallel , 5.3.2 Designing a Parallel , Overview, Residual Communication, 14.2.3 Concurrent Update Procedure, 15.3 Time Warp
- debugging
- 2.3.2 Tools, 5.2.2 Application-driven Development, 5.2.5 ``Melting''-a Non-crystalline Problem, 5.2.11 Express, (, 5.3.1 Introduction and History, ), 7.3 Numerical Study of , 8.3.6 Conclusion, Optimization Methods
for , 13.5.7 Conclusions, 14.2.3 Concurrent Update Procedure, 14.3.6 Real-time Graphical Performance , 15.2.1 Design of MOOSE, 17.2.2 MovieScript as Virtual , 17.2.4 Model for MIMD-parallelism
- Delaunay triangulation
- 10.1.3 Domain Definition
- Delta
- 2.2.5 Late 1980s, 8.3.1 Introduction, Intel Machines
- detailed balance
- 4.3.2 Monte Carlo, 4.3.4 Lattice QCD, 4.3.6 QCD on the , 7.2.2 Discretized Strings, 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, 11.4.3 The New Algorithm-Large-Step
- determinant
- 4.3.1 Introduction
- deterministic;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;annealing
- 11.3 Physical Optimization
- Dichotomy problem
- 9.9.5 Experiment: the Dichotomy
- DIME
- 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, DIME: Portable Software , DIME: Portable Software
- DIMEFEM
- DIMEFEM: High-level Portable
- distillation ;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;column
- 9.6.5 Chemical Engineering Example
- divide and conquer
- 12.7 Sorting
- domain decomposition
- 9.3.2 GCPIC Algorithm, 9.4 Computational Electromagnetics
- dynamic;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;load balancing
- 15.2.2 Dynamic Load-Balancing Support
- earthquake
- Examples of Complex
- economic modelling
- 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- edge detection
- (
- edge;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;detection
- )
- eigenvalue recursive bisection
- (, )
- eigenvalue/eigenvector
- (, ), (, ), 9.9.1 Deficiencies of Steepest , (, )
- electromagnetic
- 1.2 The National Vision
, 4.3.3 QCD, 8.1 Full and Banded , 9.3.1 Introduction, 9.4 Computational Electromagnetics, 12.8.1 Introduction, 18.1.3 Software for Compound , 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- electron dynamics
- 9.3.1 Introduction
- electron-molecule collision
- Studies of Electron-Molecule
- electron-molecule;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;collision
- 8.3.1 Introduction
- embarrassingly parallel
- 3.5 Spatial Properties of , 7.1 Embarrassingly Parallel Problem , Asynchronous Problems and
- Encore
- 2.2.4 Mid-1980s, 4.4.3 Potts Model
- event;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;driven simulations
- Asynchronous Problems and
- expert systems
- Expert Systems
- Express
- 5.2 A ``Packet''
History , 5.2.11 Express, 5.2.11 Express, 7.2.3 Computational Aspects
- fast multipole
- 12.8.2 Adaptive Structures, 18.1.2 Asynchronous versus Loosely
- FCT
- (, )
- ferromagnetism
- 4.4.2 Ising Model
- Feynman path integral
- 4.3.2 Monte Carlo
- FFT
- 5.2.2 Application-driven Development, 6.1 Computational Issues
in , Convectively-Dominated Flows and
, 9.3.5 One-Dimensional Electromagnetic Code , 9.3.5 One-Dimensional Electromagnetic Code , 12.8.1 Introduction, 13.3 Fortran 90 Experiments, 18.1.1 Applications, 18.1.1 Applications
- finite difference
- 4.2 Synchronous Applications, Convectively-Dominated Flows and
, 9.6.2 Mathematical Formulation, 12.4 Tree Codes for
- finite element
- 9.4 Computational Electromagnetics, 10.1.1 Applications and Extensions, 10.1.3 Domain Definition, DIMEFEM: High-level Portable , DIMEFEM: High-level Portable , 11.1 Load Balancing as , 12.3 Transonic Flow, 12.8.2 Adaptive Structures
- finite;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;difference
- 6.2.4 Example Problem, 12.2.2 Mathematical Theory
- fish
- Simulation of the
- flux corrected transport
- Convectively-Dominated Flows and
- forward ;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;reduction
- 8.1.4 Systems of Linear
- forward reduction
- 8.1.4 Systems of Linear
- FPS
- 4.4.4 XY Model, 9.1 Problem Structure
- frustration
- Comparison with Experiments
- Fujitsu
- 2.2.6 Parallel Systems-1992
- full matrix
- (, ), 9.1 Problem Structure, 12.2.2 Mathematical Theory
- Gauge theories
- 4.3.3 QCD
- Gauss-Jordan
- 8.1.5 The Gauss-Jordan Method
- Gaussian elimination
- 3.5 Spatial Properties of , 8.1.4 Systems of Linear , 8.1.6 Other Matrix Algorithms
- Gaussian integration
- 10.2.2 Operations and Elements
- Gaussian;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;elimination
- Examples of Complex
- GENESIS
- Parallel Computing in
- geomorphology
- Geomorphology by Micromechanical
- Geophysics
- 18.1.1 Applications
- granular materials
- Geomorphology by Micromechanical
- granular;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;materials
- 4.5 An Automata Model
- graph coloring
- 11.1.2 The Optimization Problem
- gravitational lenses
- 7.4 Statistical Gravitational Lensing
- greedy algorithm
- 11.1.4 Simulated Annealing
- grid-map
- 5.2.11 Express
- Hausdorff dimension
- 7.2.2 Discretized Strings
- Heisenberg antiferromagnet
- 7.3 Numerical Study of
- Heisenberg model
- 6.3.1 Introduction, 6.3.4 Physics Results
- Helios
- 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems
- HEP
- 2.2.2 Early 1980s
- heuristic
- 1.4 How Parallel Computing , 9.5.5 Performance Versus Scattering, 11.1 Load Balancing as , 11.1.4 Simulated Annealing, 13.5.1 Degrees of Difficulty
- hierarchical memory
- 3.5 Spatial Properties of , (, 13.7 Hierarchical Memory, )
- High Energy Physics
- 4.1 QCD and the , 4.3.1 Introduction, High Energy Physics
- High Energy;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Physics
- 7.1 Embarrassingly Parallel Problem
- High Performance Fortran (HPF, FortranD)
- 2.3.1 Languages and Compilers, (
- High Performance Fortran (HPF,;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;FortranD)
- 13.3 Fortran 90 Experiments, Asynchronous Problems and
- High Performance;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Fortran (HPF, FortranD)
- 18.1.2 Asynchronous versus Loosely
- High;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Performance Fortran (HPF, FortranD)
- ), 13.7 Hierarchical Memory
- Householder
- 8.1.6 Other Matrix Algorithms, 8.2.3 Parallel Algorithm
- hypercube channel
- 5.2.1 Prehistory
- hyperspherical coordinates
- 8.2.1 Introduction
- I/O
- 2.2.3 Birth of the , 2.4 Summary, (, ), (, ), 13.1.1 High Performance Fortran , 15.3 Time Warp, 18.1.1 Applications
- Illiac IV
- 2.2.1 Parallel Scientific Computers
- image processing
- 6.1 Computational Issues
in , 6.5.7 Conclusions, 12.1 Irregular Loosely Synchronous , Machine Vision, 18.1.1 Applications, 18.1.3 Software for Compound
- image;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;processing
- 6.2.6 Summary, 6.6 Character Recognition by , An Adaptive Multiscale , 17.1.1 The Beginning
- incompressible flows
- Fast Vortex Algorithm
- industrial applications
- 19.1 Motivation
- inheritance forest
- 17.2.1 The MOVIE System
- INMOS
- 18.2.11 Prototype System
- integral equation
- 12.2.2 Mathematical Theory
- interrupt-driven
- 14.2.2 Solution Method
- iPSC/860
- 2.2.5 Late 1980s
- Ising model
- 4.4.2 Ising Model, 6.3.2 The Computational Algorithm
- ISIS
- ISIS: An
Interactive
- iterative deepening
- Iterative Deepening
- Jacobian
- 9.5.1 Introduction
- Jacobian matrix
- 9.6.2 Mathematical Formulation
- Kalman filter
- 1.2 The National Vision
, 9.1 Problem Structure, 18.1.1 Applications, (, )
- Kelvin-Helmholtz instability
- 6.2.4 Example Problem
- Kosterlitz-Thouless transition
- 6.3.4 Physics Results
- Kosterlitz-Thouless;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;transition
- 4.4.4 XY Model
- KSR-1
- 2.2.6 Parallel Systems-1992
- Lanczos method
- 11.1.6 Eigenvalue Recursive Bisection
- LAPACK
- 13.7 Hierarchical Memory
- Laplace
- Examples of Complex
, 5.4.1 Missing a Point, DIME: Portable Software , (, ), 12.2.1 Physical Model, 17.2.3 Data-Parallel Computing
- Laplacian matrix
- 11.1.6 Eigenvalue Recursive Bisection
- latency
- 2.4 Summary, 3.5 Spatial Properties of , 4.3.6 QCD on the , 5.2.9 The Crystal Router, 5.2.9 The Crystal Router, 5.3.1 Introduction and History, 6.2.3 Parallel Issues, (, ), (, ), 11.1.2 The Optimization Problem , 16.1 Overview of Zipcode, 18.3.2 The Run-Time Environment-the
- Lattice Gas Model
- 4.5.3 Comparison to Lattice
- lattice gauge
- 4.3.3 QCD, 7.5 Parallel Random Number
- Lattice Grain Model
- 4.5.1 Introduction
- lattice;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;gauge
- 2.2.3 Birth of the
- lawnmower
- 11.1.4 Simulated Annealing
- learning
- 9.9.2 The ``Bold Driver''
- Lennard-Jones potential
- 14.2.1 Problem Description
- Lin-Kernighan;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;algorithm
- Background on Markov
- Linda
- 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems
- line processes
- 6.5.2 Interacting Line Processes, 6.7.2 Adaptive Multiscale Scheme
- linked list
- 3.4 The Temporal Properties
, 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, (, ), 10.1.7 Summary
- linked;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;list
- 17.2.2 MovieScript as Virtual
- load balance
- 5.2.9 The Crystal Router, 6.2.3 Parallel Issues, (, ), 9.3.1 Introduction, 9.3.6 Dynamic Load Balancing, 9.3.6 Dynamic Load Balancing, LU Factorization of , 9.5.4 New Data Distributions, 9.5.5 Performance Versus Scattering, 9.5.7 Conclusions, 9.7.4 The Concurrent Algorithm, 10.1.6 Load Balancing, 11.1 Load Balancing as , 11.1 Load Balancing as , (, ), 12.4.3 Parallelism in Tree , 12.5.3 Hypercube Implementation, 12.6.4 Self-labelling, 12.7 Sorting, 14.2.3 Concurrent Update Procedure, 14.3.4 Load Balancing, 14.3.4 Load Balancing, 15.2.2 Dynamic Load-Balancing Support, Simulation Framework and
- load;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;balance
- 9.3.2 GCPIC Algorithm, 9.3.6 Dynamic Load Balancing, 9.4 Computational Electromagnetics
- locally essential data
- (, )
- long-range force
- 3.5 Spatial Properties of , 4.2 Synchronous Applications
- long-range;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;force
- 5.2.5 ``Melting''-a Non-crystalline Problem
- loop;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;distribution
- Communication Analysis and
- Loosely Synchronous
- 3.4 The Temporal Properties
, 4.3.6 QCD on the , 5.2 A ``Packet''
History , 5.2.9 The Crystal Router, 9.1 Problem Structure, 12.1 Irregular Loosely Synchronous , Asynchronous Problems and , Mailer Creation, 18.1.2 Asynchronous versus Loosely
- Loosely;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Synchronous
- 5.4.5 Event Tracing
- LU factorization/decomposition
- Examples of Complex
, 8.1 Full and Banded , 8.1.4 Systems of Linear , LU Factorization of , The LU Factorization
- LU;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;factorization/decomposition
- 9.1 Problem Structure
- MACH
- 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems
- machine vision
- Machine Vision
- magnetic phase transitions
- Phase Transitions in
- magnetism
- 4.4.1 Introduction, 7.3 Numerical Study of
- mail classes
- 16.1 Overview of Zipcode
- map images
- 17.3.1 Problem Specification
- map separates
- (, )
- map understanding
- 17.3.1 Problem Specification
- Markov chain
- Background on Markov
- Mark II;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;hypercube
- 5.2.1 Prehistory
- Mark III hypercube
- 5.2.6 The Mark III
- Mark IIIfp hypercube
- 4.3.5 Concurrent QCD Machines, 6.3.3 Parallel Implementation and
- Maspar
- 2.2.5 Late 1980s, 4.2 Synchronous Applications, 6.1 Computational Issues
in , 8.1.8 Problem Structure, Asynchronous Problems and
- material science
- 8.3.1 Introduction
- matrix algorithms
- Full Matrix Algorithms , 8.1 Full and Banded , 8.1.7 Concurrent Linear Algebra
- matrix;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;diagonalization
- 8.2.3 Parallel Algorithm
- Maxwell's Equations
- 9.3.2 GCPIC Algorithm, 9.4 Computational Electromagnetics
- medical
- 17.4.2 Markets and Application , 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- MEIKO
- 2.2.5 Late 1980s, 2.2.6 Parallel Systems-1992, 4.4.3 Potts Model, 5.1 Multicomputer Operating Systems, 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems, 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, 12.3.4 Performance, 18.2.11 Prototype System
- melting
- 5.2.5 ``Melting''-a Non-crystalline Problem, 14.2.1 Problem Description
- membranes
- 7.2.1 Introduction
- memory protection
- 5.2.8 A Ray Tracer-and
- Mercury/Centaur
- 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems
- mesh
- 1.3 Caltech Concurrent Computation , 3.7 Mapping Complex Systems, DIME: Portable Software , 10.1.4 Mesh Structure, 12.3.2 Adaptive Refinement, 12.8.2 Adaptive Structures
- metacomputer
- 3.6 Compound Complex Systems, 15.1 Asynchronous Software Paradigms
- metaproblems-see compound problem
- 13.5.1 Degrees of Difficulty, Asynchronous Problems and , 15.1 Asynchronous Software Paradigms, 17.2.1 The MOVIE System , (, 19.1 Motivation
- metaproblems-see;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;compound problem
- 2.3.1 Languages and Compilers, 3.6 Compound Complex Systems, 12.1 Irregular Loosely Synchronous , 17.2.3 Data-Parallel Computing, )
- metasoftware
- 15.1 Asynchronous Software Paradigms, 18.1 MetaProblems and MetaSoftware
- Meteorology
- 4.1 QCD and the
- Metropolis
- 4.3.2 Monte Carlo, 4.4.2 Ising Model, 4.4.3 Potts Model, 4.4.4 XY Model, 6.3.2 The Computational Algorithm, 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, 11.1.4 Simulated Annealing, 11.1.4 Simulated Annealing, (, ), 14.2.2 Solution Method
- MIMD
- 2.2.2 Early 1980s, (
- minimization methods
- The Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno
One-StepMemoryless
- modelling
- The Process of
- molecular dynamics
- Geomorphology by Micromechanical
, 12.5.1 Vortex Methods
- molecular orbits
- 8.3.2 The SMC Method
- Monte Carlo
- 4.4.3 Potts Model, ), 6.1 Computational Issues
in , 6.1 Computational Issues
in , 6.3.1 Introduction, 6.3.2 The Computational Algorithm, 6.3.4 Physics Results, Theoretical Interpretation, (, 7.3 Numerical Study of , Background on Markov , 12.6.1 Monte Carlo Calculations , 12.6.1 Monte Carlo Calculations , 12.6.6 Other Algorithms, 14.2.1 Problem Description, 14.2.2 Solution Method, High Energy Physics
- Monte Carlo Renormalization Group
- 4.4.2 Ising Model
- Monte;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Carlo
- 4.3.1 Introduction, 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, )
- MOOS II
- MOOS II: An
- MOOSE
- 5.2.8 A Ray Tracer-and , MOOS II: An
- motion evaluation
- An Adaptive Multiscale
- MOVIE
- 17.1.1 The Beginning
- MPI
- 5.2 A ``Packet''
History
- MPP
- 2.2.1 Parallel Scientific Computers
- multi-disciplinary
- 1.1 Introduction, 17.4.3 VR at Syracuse , 18.1.3 Software for Compound , 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- Multi-Layer Perceptrons
- 6.6.1 MLP in General
- multigrid method
- 6.5.1 Multigrid Method with , 6.5.1 Multigrid Method with , 9.7.1 Introduction, 9.7.1 Introduction, 12.3 Transonic Flow, 12.8.1 Introduction
- multiscale
- 6.1 Computational Issues
in , (, ), 11.1.9 Conclusions, 12.8.1 Introduction, 12.8.2 Adaptive Structures, Asynchronous Problems and , (, )
- multitasking
- 5.2.8 A Ray Tracer-and , 5.2.11 Express, 15.2.1 Design of MOOSE, MOVIE - Multitasking
- Munkres algorithm
- 9.8 Munkres Algorithm for , 9.8.1 Introduction
- Néel ordering
- Comparison with Experiments
- N-body
- 5.2.5 ``Melting''-a Non-crystalline Problem, 12.1 Irregular Loosely Synchronous , 12.2.3 Results, (, ), MOOS II: An , 15.2.3 What We Learned, 18.1.2 Asynchronous versus Loosely
- Navier-Stokes equation
- 4.5.6 Simulations, 10.2.3 Navier-Stokes Solver, 10.2.3 Navier-Stokes Solver
- Navier-Stokes;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;equation
- The Process of
- NCUBE
- 1.2 The National Vision
, 1.3 Caltech Concurrent Computation , 2.2.3 Birth of the , 2.2.4 Mid-1980s, 2.2.5 Late 1980s, 3.5 Spatial Properties of , (, ), 6.1 Computational Issues
in , 6.2.3 Parallel Issues, 6.2.5 Performance and Results, 7.1 Embarrassingly Parallel Problem , 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, 8.1.1 Matrix Decomposition, 9.1 Problem Structure, 11.1 Load Balancing as , 13.2.1 Is Any Assistance , 13.6 Coherent Parallel C, 14.3 Computer Chess, 16.2.2 Interface with the , 18.1.1 Applications, 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- ndb
- 5.3.1 Introduction and History
- Neptune
- 18.1.1 Applications
- neural network
- 6.1 Computational Issues
in , (, Optimization Methods
for , Optimization Methods
for , 11.1.6 Eigenvalue Recursive Bisection, 11.1.9 Conclusions, 11.3 Physical Optimization, 11.3 Physical Optimization, 11.3 Physical Optimization, 13.4 Optimizing Compilers by , 13.4 Optimizing Compilers by , 17.1.1 The Beginning, Neural Networks
- neural;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;network
- 7.6.6 Distributed Modelling via , 17.3.4 Comparison with JPL
- neurobiology
- 7.6.1 What Is Computational
- NEWS
- 17.1.2 Towards the MOVIE
- Newton's method
- 9.6.2 Mathematical Formulation
- NP-complete
- 1.4 How Parallel Computing , 1.4 How Parallel Computing , 11.1 Load Balancing as
- nuclear matter
- 6.1 Computational Issues
in
- nuclear power
- 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- NX
- 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems, 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems
- O(3) Model
- 4.4.5 O(3) Model, 4.4.5 O(3) Model
- OCCAM
- 3.7 Mapping Complex Systems, 13.1.1 High Performance Fortran
- oceanography
- 13.5.1 Degrees of Difficulty
- oct-tree
- (, ), (, )
- optical flow
- An Adaptive Multiscale , 6.7.1 Errors in Computing
- optimization
- 1.4 How Parallel Computing , 2.3.1 Languages and Compilers, 5.4.1 Missing a Point, (, 9.9.1 Deficiencies of Steepest , The Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno
One-StepMemoryless , ), (, 11.1.2 The Optimization Problem , 11.3 Physical Optimization, An Improved Method , )
- Ordinary Differential Equations
- 8.1.6 Other Matrix Algorithms
- Ordinary Differential;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Equations
- 9.5.1 Introduction
- Ordinary;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Differential Equations
- 8.2.2 Methodology, 9.6.1 Introduction, 9.6.6 Conclusions, 12.4 Tree Codes for , 12.5.1 Vortex Methods
- Paragon
- 2.2.5 Late 1980s
- parallel UNIX
- 5.2.14 Conclusions
- parallel;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;collisions
- 11.1.4 Simulated Annealing
- parallelizing;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;compilers
- 13.5.3 The Local View
- ParaSoft
- 5.2.11 Express
- particle dynamics
- 4.5.1 Introduction, 18.1.2 Asynchronous versus Loosely
- Particle Simulation
- 12.4 Tree Codes for
- particle;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;dynamics
- 4.2 Synchronous Applications, Applications and Extensions
- partition function
- 4.3.2 Monte Carlo, 7.2.2 Discretized Strings
- pattern recognition
- 17.3.1 Problem Specification
- Performance Analysis/Monitoring/Visualization
- 4.3.6 QCD on the , 5.2.11 Express, (, ), 14.2.4 Performance Analysis, 14.3.6 Real-time Graphical Performance
- performance estimator
- 13.2.7 Static Performance Estimator
- Performance;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Analysis/Monitoring/Visualization
- 5.1 Multicomputer Operating Systems, 6.1 Computational Issues
in , 6.3.3 Parallel Implementation and
- phase transition
- 4.4.1 Introduction, Phase Transitions in , Theoretical Interpretation, 7.2.2 Discretized Strings, Applications and Extensions , 12.6.1 Monte Carlo Calculations
- phase;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;transition
- 4.4.4 XY Model, 14.2.1 Problem Description
- Physical Computation (Optimization)
- 11.1 Load Balancing as , (
- Physical Computation;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;(Optimization)
- Asynchronous Problems and
- Physical;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Computation (Optimization)
- ), Neural Networks
- PIC (Particle in the Cell)
- Plasma Particle-in-Cell
Simulation
- PIC (Particle in;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;the Cell)
- 9.3.1 Introduction
- PIC (Particle;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;in the Cell)
- 12.1 Irregular Loosely Synchronous
- pivoting
- Examples of Complex
, (, ), (, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, 9.5.3 Reduced-Communication Pivoting, )
- plasma physics
- 8.3.1 Introduction, 8.3.1 Introduction, 9.3.1 Introduction, 12.5.1 Vortex Methods
- Plotix
- 5.2.7 Host Programs
- polymer
- 7.2.2 Discretized Strings, 8.3.1 Introduction, 9.1 Problem Structure
- portability
- 5.2.10 Portability
- PostScript
- 17.1.1 The Beginning
- Potts model
- 4.2 Synchronous Applications, 4.4.3 Potts Model, 11.1.4 Simulated Annealing, 12.6.2 Cluster Algorithms
- preconditioner
- 10.1.1 Applications and Extensions, 10.2.2 Operations and Elements
- problem architecture
- 3.5 Spatial Properties of , 3.6 Compound Complex Systems, 7.1 Embarrassingly Parallel Problem , (, ), (, )
- problem;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;architecture
- The Process of , 15.1 Asynchronous Software Paradigms
- profiling
- 5.4 Parallel Profiling, 5.4.7 CPU Usage Analysis
- program transformations
- Communication Analysis and
- pulsars
- 18.1.1 Applications
- Purkinje Cell
- 7.6.6 Distributed Modelling via
- PVM
- 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems
- pyramid
- (, (, )
- QCD
- 4.1 QCD and the , 4.3.1 Introduction
- QR factorization
- 8.1.7 Concurrent Linear Algebra , 8.2.3 Parallel Algorithm
- Quantum Chromodynamics
- 3.4 The Temporal Properties
, 4.1 QCD and the , 4.3 Quantum Chromodynamics, 4.3.1 Introduction
- quantum physics
- 8.2.1 Introduction
- quantum XY model
- The Case of
- quark potential
- 4.3.6 QCD on the
- Quicksort
- (, 12.7.4 Quicksort or Samplesort , )
- random number
- 4.3.2 Monte Carlo, 4.4.3 Potts Model, 4.4.4 XY Model, 6.3.3 Parallel Implementation and , 7.5 Parallel Random Number , 12.7 Sorting
- random surfaces
- 7.2.1 Introduction
- random;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;number
- 7.2.3 Computational Aspects, 14.2.3 Concurrent Update Procedure
- ray tracing
- 5.2.8 A Ray Tracer-and , 7.1 Embarrassingly Parallel Problem , 7.4 Statistical Gravitational Lensing, Asynchronous Problems and
- ray;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;tracing
- MOOS II: An
- rdsort
- 5.2.5 ``Melting''-a Non-crystalline Problem
- Reactive Kernel
- 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems, 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems
- reactive scattering
- 8.2.1 Introduction, 8.2.4 Results and Discussion
- recursive bisection
- (, 12.4.3 Parallelism in Tree , 12.8.3 Tree as Grid
- Recursive Inertial Partitioning
- 9.4 Computational Electromagnetics
- recursive;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;bisection
- 10.1.6 Load Balancing, 11.1.3 Algorithms for Load , 11.1.5 Recursive Bisection, ), 12.7 Sorting
- red-black ordering
- 4.2 Synchronous Applications
- refinement
- 12.3.2 Adaptive Refinement
- robotics
- Optimization Methods
for
- rollback
- 11.1.4 Simulated Annealing, 15.3 Time Warp, Simulation Framework and
- RP3
- 2.2.2 Early 1980s
- saltation
- Geomorphology by Micromechanical
- sand
- 4.5.1 Introduction, Geomorphology by Micromechanical
- scattered decomposition
- 8.1 Full and Banded , 8.1.4 Systems of Linear , Applications and Extensions
- scattered;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;decomposition
- 8.1.7 Concurrent Linear Algebra
- Schwinger Multichannel method
- 8.3.1 Introduction
- SDI
- 18.3 Parallel Simulations that , 18.3.3 SDI Simulation Evolution
- seismic
- 1.2 The National Vision
, 2.2.5 Late 1980s, Examples of Complex
, 3.5 Spatial Properties of , 4.1 QCD and the , (, )
- self-labelling
- 4.4.3 Potts Model, (, )
- Sequent
- 2.3 Software, 4.4.3 Potts Model, 16.2.2 Interface with the
- sequential bottleneck
- 11.1 Load Balancing as , 15.2.2 Dynamic Load-Balancing Support
- sequential;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;bottleneck
- 11.1.3 Algorithms for Load , Asynchronous Problems and , 14.3.3 Parallel Alpha-Beta Pruning
- shape from shading
- A Hierarchical Scheme
- shared memory
- 2.2.4 Mid-1980s, 2.2.6 Parallel Systems-1992, 3.4 The Temporal Properties
, 13.5.3 The Local View, 14.3.2 Parallel Computer Chess: , 16.1 Overview of Zipcode, Mailer Creation
- shellsort
- 12.7 Sorting, 12.7.3 Shellsort or Diminishing , 12.7.3 Shellsort or Diminishing
- SIMD
- 2.2.1 Parallel Scientific Computers , 2.2.1 Parallel Scientific Computers , 2.2.5 Late 1980s, 3.4 The Temporal Properties
, 4.2 Synchronous Applications
- simulated annealing
- 7.5 Parallel Random Number , 10.1.6 Load Balancing, 11.1.3 Algorithms for Load , Background on Markov , ), 15.2.2 Dynamic Load-Balancing Support
- simulated;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;annealing
- 6.6.1 MLP in General, (, 20.1 Lessons
- sorting
- (, 12.7 Sorting, )
- sparse matrix
- 4.3.4 Lattice QCD, 8.1 Full and Banded , LU Factorization of , 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- sparse;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;matrix
- 9.5.4 New Data Distributions, 11.1.6 Eigenvalue Recursive Bisection
- spatial structure
- (, ), 6.6.5 Comments and Variants , 7.1 Embarrassingly Parallel Problem , 13.1.3 Problem Architecture and
- spin models
- 4.4.1 Introduction, 6.3.1 Introduction, Phase Transitions in , 12.6.1 Monte Carlo Calculations
- square cavity
- 10.2.4 Results
- Star Wars
- 18.3 Parallel Simulations that
- steepest descent
- 9.9.1 Deficiencies of Steepest
- Stokes problem
- 10.2.3 Navier-Stokes Solver
- string;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;theory
- 7.2.1 Introduction
- Structural Analysis
- 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- superconductivity
- 1.2 The National Vision
, 6.1 Computational Issues
in , 6.3.1 Introduction, 7.3 Numerical Study of
- surface reconstruction
- A Hierarchical Scheme
- Suzuki-Trotter;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;transformation
- 6.3.2 The Computational Algorithm
- synchronization
- 14.2.3 Concurrent Update Procedure
- Synchronous
- 3.4 The Temporal Properties
, 4.2 Synchronous Applications
- system dimension
- 3.5 Spatial Properties of , 9.1 Problem Structure
- system;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;dimension
- 4.2 Synchronous Applications
- task farming
- 7.6.5 Task Farming
- temporal structure
- (, ), 7.1 Embarrassingly Parallel Problem , 14.2.3 Concurrent Update Procedure
- temporal;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;structure
- 6.1 Computational Issues
in , 9.1 Problem Structure
- teraflop
- 4.1 QCD and the , 4.3.5 Concurrent QCD Machines, 4.3.5 Concurrent QCD Machines, 12.4 Tree Codes for , 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- time buckets
- Simulation Framework and
- time series
- 4.2 Synchronous Applications, 9.9.6 Experiment: Time Series
- Time Warp
- 15.3 Time Warp, Simulation Framework and
- tracking
- 18.4 Multitarget Tracking
- transactions
- 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- transitions
- 4.4.4 XY Model
- transonic flow
- 12.3 Transonic Flow
- transputer
- 2.2.4 Mid-1980s, 3.7 Mapping Complex Systems, 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems, 6.7.2 Adaptive Multiscale Scheme , 10.2.4 Results, 15.3 Time Warp, 19.2 Examples of Industrial
- Travelling salesman
- An Improved Method , 13.4 Optimizing Compilers by
- triangulations
- 7.2.1 Introduction
- TWOS
- 15.3 Time Warp
- Ultracomputer
- 2.2.2 Early 1980s
- UNIX
- 5.1 Multicomputer Operating Systems
- vectorizing compilers
- 13.5.3 The Local View
- VERTEX
- 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems
- virtual machine
- 5.2.12 Other Message-passing Systems, Problem Architecture and , Problem Architecture and , (
- Virtual Reality
- 17.4.1 Overall Assessment
- virtual time
- 15.3 Time Warp
- virtual;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;machine
- )
- Virtual;tex2html_html_special_mark_quot;Reality
- 17.1.2 Towards the MOVIE
- vision
- A Hierarchical Scheme , 6.8 Collective Stereopsis
- Viterbi
- 6.1 Computational Issues
in
- VLSI
- 1.2 The National Vision
, 2.2.3 Birth of the , 2.2.6 Parallel Systems-1992, 4.3.5 Concurrent QCD Machines, 4.3.7 QCD on the , 14.3.2 Parallel Computer Chess: , 14.3.7 Speculation
- vortex methods
- Fast Vortex Algorithm
- wave equation
- Examples of Complex
, 4.2 Synchronous Applications
- Waveform-Relaxation
- 9.6.3 proto-Cdyn - Simulation , 9.6.5 Chemical Engineering Example
- whoami
- (, ), 16.1 Overview of Zipcode
- XY model
- 4.4.4 XY Model, 4.4.4 XY Model, The Case of , A Brief History
- Zipcode
- 5.2 A ``Packet''
History , 16.1 Overview of Zipcode
Guy Robinson
Wed Mar 1 10:19:35 EST 1995