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High-Performance Computing Directions
¨Clustering of shared memory machines for scalability
ãEmergence of PC commodity systems
»Pentium/Alpha based, Linux or NT driven
»“Supercomputer performance at mail-order prices”
ãBeowulf-Class Systems (Linux+PC)
ãDistributed Shared Memory
(clusters of processors connected)
ãShared address space w/deep memory hierarchy
¨Efficiency of message passing and data parallel programming
ãHelped by standards efforts
such as PVM, MPI, Open-MP and HPF
¨Many of the machines as a single user environments
¨Pure COTS
