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%%% -*-BibTeX-*-
%%% ====================================================================
%%%  BibTeX-file{
%%%     author          = "Nelson H. F. Beebe",
%%%     version         = "1.08",
%%%     date            = "21 April 2018",
%%%     time            = "18:10:34 MDT",
%%%     filename        = "sigcse1990.bib",
%%%     address         = "University of Utah
%%%                        Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB
%%%                        155 S 1400 E RM 233
%%%                        Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090
%%%                        USA",
%%%     telephone       = "+1 801 581 5254",
%%%     FAX             = "+1 801 581 4148",
%%%     URL             = "http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe",
%%%     checksum        = "14421 48809 227535 2236941",
%%%     email           = "beebe at math.utah.edu, beebe at acm.org,
%%%                        beebe at computer.org (Internet)",
%%%     codetable       = "ISO/ASCII",
%%%     keywords        = "ACM Special Interest Group on Computer
%%%                        Science Education; bibliography; BibTeX;
%%%                        SIGCSE Bulletin",
%%%     license         = "public domain",
%%%     supported       = "yes",
%%%     docstring       = "This is a COMPLETE BibTeX bibliography for
%%%                        ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (CODEN SIGSD3, ISSN
%%%                        0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)),
%%%                        for the decade 1990--1999.  The journal began
%%%                        publishing with volume 1, number 1, in
%%%                        February 1969.  The journal usually appears
%%%                        four times a year.
%%%
%%%                        The journal has World-Wide Web sites at
%%%
%%%                            http://www.acm.org/sigcse/
%%%                            http://www.sigcse.org/
%%%
%%%                        with tables of contents at
%%%
%%%                            http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688
%%%                            http://portal.acm.org/sigcse/newsletter
%%%
%%%                        At version 1.08, the year coverage looked
%%%                        like this:
%%%
%%%                             1990 ( 109)    1994 ( 158)    1998 ( 256)
%%%                             1991 ( 101)    1995 ( 134)    1999 ( 239)
%%%                             1992 (  96)    1996 ( 196)
%%%                             1993 ( 117)    1997 ( 175)
%%%
%%%                             Article:       1565
%%%                             Proceedings:     16
%%%
%%%                             Total entries: 1581
%%%
%%%                        This bibliography was constructed primarily
%%%                        from data in the ACM Portal database, and
%%%                        from the many bibliographies in the TeX User
%%%                        Group and BibNet Project archives, and the
%%%                        Karlsruhe Computer Science bibliography
%%%                        archive.
%%%
%%%                        Numerous errors in the sources noted above
%%%                        have been corrected.  Spelling has been
%%%                        verified with the UNIX spell and GNU ispell
%%%                        programs using the exception dictionary
%%%                        stored in the companion file with extension
%%%                        .sok.
%%%
%%%                        BibTeX citation tags are uniformly chosen as
%%%                        name:year:abbrev, where name is the family
%%%                        name of the first author or editor, year is a
%%%                        4-digit number, and abbrev is a 3-letter
%%%                        condensation of important title words.
%%%                        Citation labels were automatically generated
%%%                        by software developed for the BibNet Project.
%%%
%%%                        In this bibliography, entries are sorted in
%%%                        publication order, with the help of
%%%                        ``bibsort -byvolume''.  The bibsort utility
%%%                        is available from
%%%
%%%                            http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibsort
%%%                            ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/bibsort
%%%
%%%                        The checksum field above contains a CRC-16
%%%                        checksum as the first value, followed by the
%%%                        equivalent of the standard UNIX wc (word
%%%                        count) utility output of lines, words, and
%%%                        characters.  This is produced by Robert
%%%                        Solovay's checksum utility.",
%%%  }
%%% ====================================================================
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%%% ====================================================================
%%% Acknowledgement abbreviations:
@String{ack-nhfb = "Nelson H. F. Beebe,
                    University of Utah,
                    Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB,
                    155 S 1400 E RM 233,
                    Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090, USA,
                    Tel: +1 801 581 5254,
                    FAX: +1 801 581 4148,
                    e-mail: \path|beebe@math.utah.edu|,
                            \path|beebe@acm.org|,
                            \path|beebe@computer.org| (Internet),
                    URL: \path|http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/|"}

%%% ====================================================================
%%% Journal abbreviations:
@String{j-SIGCSE                = "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group
                                  on Computer Science Education)"}

%%% ====================================================================
%%% Publishers and their addresses:
@String{pub-ACM                 = "ACM Press"}
@String{pub-ACM:adr             = "New York, NY 10036, USA"}

%%% ====================================================================
%%% Bibliography entries, in publication order (with
%%% `bibsort -byvolume'):
@Article{Rucinski:1990:PDR,
  author =       "Andrzej Rucinski and Frank Hludik and John L.
                 Pokoski",
  title =        "A partnership in domestication of rapid prototyping
                 technologies",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1--5",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319062",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kurtz:1990:ISC,
  author =       "Barry L. Kurtz and Thomas H. Puckett",
  title =        "Implementing a single classwide project in software
                 engineering using {Ada} tasking for synchronization and
                 communication",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6--11",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319066",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Werth:1990:GIS,
  author =       "Laurie Honour Werth",
  title =        "Graphical interfaces as software engineering
                 projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "12--16",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319068",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Henderson:1990:DMP,
  author =       "Peter B. Henderson",
  title =        "Discrete mathematics as a precursor to programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "17--21",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319070",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Myers:1990:CRM,
  author =       "J. Paul {Myers, Jr.}",
  title =        "The central role of mathematical logic in computer
                 science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "22--26",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319071",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Johnsonbaugh:1990:CPL,
  author =       "Richard Johnsonbaugh and David P. Miller",
  title =        "Converses of pumping lemmas",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "27--30",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319073",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Baxter:1990:ICS,
  author =       "Nancy Baxter and David Hastings and Jane Hill and
                 Peter Martin and Robert Paul",
  title =        "Introduction to computer science: an interactive
                 approach using {ISETL}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "31--33",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319075",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pattis:1990:PEC,
  author =       "Richard E. Pattis",
  title =        "A philosophy and example of {CS}-1 programming
                 projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "34--39",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319076",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Joyce:1990:VLA,
  author =       "Daniel T. Joyce",
  title =        "A virtual lab to accompany {CS1} and {CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "40--43",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319077",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pournaghshband:1990:SPC,
  author =       "Hassan Pournaghshband",
  title =        "The students' problems in courses with team projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "44--47",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319079",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mynatt:1990:ECB,
  author =       "Barbee T. Mynatt and Laura Marie Leventhal",
  title =        "An evaluation of a {CASE}-based approach to teaching
                 undergraduate software engineering",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "48--52",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319080",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Thurente:1990:SUC,
  author =       "David J. Thurente",
  title =        "Simulation in the undergraduate computer science
                 curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "53--57",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319082",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Baldwin:1990:TIC,
  author =       "Doug Baldwin",
  title =        "Teaching introductory computer science as the science
                 of algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "58--62",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319084",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clancy:1990:FF,
  author =       "Michael J. Clancy and Marcia C. Linn",
  title =        "Functional fun",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "63--67",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319085",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pratt:1990:UCA,
  author =       "Terrence W. Pratt",
  title =        "Upgrading {CS1}: an alternative to the proposed {COCS}
                 survey course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "68--71",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319086",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Etlinger:1990:RES,
  author =       "Henry A. Etlinger",
  title =        "A retrospective on an early software projects course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "72--77",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319087",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Leeper:1990:PCD,
  author =       "Robert Leeper",
  title =        "A project course in database",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "78--80",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319088",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reid:1990:TIC,
  author =       "Richard J. Reid",
  title =        "A toolkit for individualized compiler-writing
                 projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "81--85",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319090",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sanders:1990:GSP,
  author =       "Dean Sanders and Janet Hartman",
  title =        "Getting started with parallel programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "86--88",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319092",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Elrad:1990:ACS,
  author =       "Tzilla Elrad and Daniel E. Nohl",
  title =        "The analysis and comparison of scheduling controls in
                 concurrent languages through classification",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "89--93",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319093",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jipping:1990:CDP,
  author =       "Michael J. Jipping and Jeffrey R. Toppen and Stephen
                 Weeber",
  title =        "Concurrent distributed {Pascal}: a hands-on
                 introduction to parallelism",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "94--99",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.319095",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Allen:1990:RIC,
  author =       "J. Thomas Allen and Hayden Porter and T. Ray Nanney
                 and Ken Abernethy",
  title =        "Reexamining the introductory computer science course
                 in liberal arts institutions",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "100--104",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323420",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Naps:1990:AVC,
  author =       "Thomas L. Naps",
  title =        "Algorithm visualization in computer science
                 laboratories",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "105--110",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323422",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shub:1990:SUE,
  author =       "Charles M. Shub",
  title =        "Should undergraduates explore internals of workstation
                 operating systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "111--115",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323423",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Detmer:1990:TAL,
  author =       "Richard C. Detmer",
  title =        "Teaching assembly language: a comparison of {IBM
                 S\slash 360} and {Intel 80x86} courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "116--120",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323427",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Donaldson:1990:OSA,
  author =       "John L. Donaldson",
  title =        "Operating systems from assembler to {C}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "121--124",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323428",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hays:1990:SPR,
  author =       "James H. Hays and Leland Miller and Bobbie Othmer and
                 Mohammad Saeed",
  title =        "Simulation of process and resource management in a
                 multiprogramming operating system",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "125--128",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323429",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Murthy:1990:MPA,
  author =       "Narayan Murthy and Allen Stix",
  title =        "Multiple precision arithmetic: a programming
                 assignment in {CS2} applying linked lists",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "129--133",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323431",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McMillan:1990:IAD,
  author =       "Thomas McMillan and William Collins",
  title =        "Implementing abstract data types in {Turbo Pascal}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "134--138",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323432",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dale:1990:IYW,
  author =       "Nell Dale",
  title =        "If you were lost on a desert island, what one {ADT}
                 would you like to have with you?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "139--142",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323433",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Davies:1990:CSH,
  author =       "Gordon Davies and Jenny Preece",
  title =        "Computer science, home computing and distance learning
                 --- the largest computer science course in the world?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "143--146",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323435",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Aman:1990:CSC,
  author =       "James R. Aman",
  title =        "Computer science in correctional education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "147--151",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323436",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Varden:1990:FIC,
  author =       "Stuart A. Varden and Frank J. LoSacco",
  title =        "Facilitating intracorporate cooperation: a university
                 creates the environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "152--156",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323437",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schwietzer:1990:RTM,
  author =       "Dino Schwietzer",
  title =        "Ray tracing: a means to motivate students in an
                 introductory graphics course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "157--161",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323439",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Owen:1990:ETA,
  author =       "G. Scott Owen",
  title =        "Experiences in teaching an advanced computer graphics
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "162--166",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323440",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kula:1990:IPE,
  author =       "Timothy S. Kula and Raymond {Konopka, Jr.} and John A.
                 Cicero",
  title =        "Image Processing experiments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "167--170",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323441",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reek:1990:UOS,
  author =       "Margaret M. Reek",
  title =        "An undergraduate operating systems lab course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "171--175",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323442",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Andrianoff:1990:MDS,
  author =       "Steven K. Andrianoff",
  title =        "A module on distributed systems for the operating
                 systems course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "176--180",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323443",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Merritt:1990:INS,
  author =       "Susan M. Merritt and Cecilia Y. Nauck",
  title =        "Inventing a new sorting algorithm: a case study",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "181--185",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323447",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{DePano:1990:APE,
  author =       "N. Adlai A. DePano and Farinaz D. Boudreaux and Philip
                 Katner and Brian Li",
  title =        "Algorthmic paradigms: examples in computational
                 geometry {II}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "186--191",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323448",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Penny:1990:LST,
  author =       "J. P. Penny and P. J. Ashton",
  title =        "Laboratory-style teaching of computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "192--196",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323449",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wenner:1990:LCC,
  author =       "Patricia Wenner",
  title =        "The laboratory component of a computer organization
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "197--200",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323451",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Radensky:1990:CAU,
  author =       "Atanas Radensky",
  title =        "Can {Ada} be used as a primary programming language?:
                 major problems and their solutions by means of
                 subsets",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "201--205",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323452",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Feldman:1990:SAP,
  author =       "Michael B. Feldman and Arthur Vargas Lopes and Manuel
                 Perez",
  title =        "{SMALL-Ada}: personal computer courseware for studying
                 concurrent programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "206--211",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323453",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jackowitz:1990:TWR,
  author =       "Paul M. Jackowitz and Richard M. Plishka and James R.
                 Sidbury",
  title =        "Teaching writing and research skills in the computer
                 science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "212--215",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323454",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartman:1990:RWS,
  author =       "Janet Hartman and Curt M. White",
  title =        "``Real world'' skills vs. ``school taught'' skills for
                 the undergraduate computer major",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "216--218",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323455",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Greenleaf:1990:CDT,
  author =       "Newcomb Greenleaf",
  title =        "Computability and data types",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "219--223",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323457",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dunning:1990:MCP,
  author =       "Larry A. Dunning and Ronald L. Lancaster",
  title =        "The millionth computer program",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "224--228",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323458",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Decker:1990:SCC,
  author =       "Richard W. Decker and Stuart H. Hirshfield",
  title =        "A survey course in computer science using
                 {HyperCard}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "229--235",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323461",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Biermann:1990:OCA,
  author =       "Alan W. Biermann",
  title =        "An overview course in academic computer science: a new
                 approach for teaching nonmajors",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "236--239",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323462",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Abunawass:1990:FUC,
  author =       "Adel M. Abunawass and Omar Bukhres and Theresia G.
                 Fisher and Kenneth Magel",
  title =        "A first undergraduate course in neural networks",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "240--244",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323464",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Micco:1990:LPD,
  author =       "Mary Micco and Phillip Cumpston",
  title =        "A large project for demonstrating knowledge
                 engineering techniques including applications of neural
                 networks",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "245--250",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323466",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Eaton:1990:WAW,
  author =       "Virginia Eaton and Sharon Bell and Nell Dale and Susie
                 Gallagher and Helen Gigley and Cindy Hanchey",
  title =        "Where have all the women gone? (panel session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "251--251",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323411",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Auernheimer:1990:NNP,
  author =       "Brent Auernheimer and Vint Cerf and Susan Estrada and
                 Russ Hobby and Craig Partridge and Eugene Spafford and
                 Steven S. Wolff",
  title =        "Networking in the nineties (panel session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "252",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323412",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Aiken:1990:SNB,
  author =       "Robert M. Aiken and Della T. Bonnette and Lionel E.
                 Deimel and James E. Miller",
  title =        "{SIGCSE}'s newsletter --- the {Bulletin} from 1969 to
                 1990 (special panel session): the {Bulletin} from 1969
                 to 1990 (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "253",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323413",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1990:PVT,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker",
  title =        "Program verification (tutorial session): techniques
                 and uses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "254",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323414",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Maxim:1990:IPA,
  author =       "Bruce R. Maxim and Gregory Bachelis and David James
                 and Quentin Stout",
  title =        "Introducing parallel algorithms in undergraduate
                 computer science courses (tutorial session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "255",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323415",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Poucher:1990:ASP,
  author =       "William B. Poucher and James Comer and Richard
                 Rinewalt and Patrick Ryan",
  title =        "The {ACM} Scholastic Programming Contest-1977 to 1990
                 (special panel session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "256",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323416",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McConnell:1990:CGD,
  author =       "Jeffrey J. McConnell and Steve Cunningham and Barbara
                 Mones-Hattal and Deborah Sokolove",
  title =        "Computer graphics as a discipline (panel session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "257",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323418",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Impagliazzo:1990:ICS,
  author =       "John Impagliazzo and Helene Chlopan and Ronald M.
                 Davis and David M. Hata and Karl Klee",
  title =        "Issues in the computing sciences at two-year colleges
                 (panel session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "258",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323419",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hughes:1990:ULC,
  author =       "Larry Hughes",
  title =        "Using a low-cost communications tool in data
                 communications courses (tutorial session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "259",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323424",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Zweigoron:1990:OOP,
  author =       "Julie Zweigoron and John Bierbauer and Scott Knaster
                 and Tomasz Pietrzykowski and John Pugh",
  title =        "Object oriented programming in the computer science
                 curriculum (panel session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "260",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323425",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mader:1990:ASP,
  author =       "David Mader and E. Robert Anderson and Robert Cupper
                 and James Leone and Ralph Meeker",
  title =        "Accreditation and the small, private college (panel
                 session): problems and opportunities",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "261",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323426",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lupton:1990:CSR,
  author =       "William L. Lupton and Mary Ellis and Andrew Bernat and
                 Benjamin Martin and Surrendar Pulusani and Leroy
                 Roquemore",
  title =        "Computer science research and instuction at
                 institutions with large minority enrollments (panel
                 session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "262",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323430",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Feldman:1990:ASC,
  author =       "Michael B. Feldman and Mary Armstrong and Richard Conn
                 and Philip Wilsey",
  title =        "{Ada} sources for computer science educators (panel
                 session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "263",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323434",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Little:1990:CRH,
  author =       "Joyce Currie Little",
  title =        "{Curriculum '68} revisited --- an historical
                 perspective (panel session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "264",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323438",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hanchey:1990:MST,
  author =       "Cindy Hanchey and Marguerite K. Summers and Carol
                 Chrisman and Joyce Currie Little and Richard A. Lejk",
  title =        "Managing student teams in information systems courses
                 (panel session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "265",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323444",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shub:1990:FFM,
  author =       "Charles M. Shub and Owen Astrachan and David Levine
                 and Stuart Reges and Henry Walker",
  title =        "Faster, fairer, and more consistent grading, using
                 techniques from the Advanced Placement reading (panel
                 session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "266",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323445",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goldenson:1990:RSE,
  author =       "Dennis R. Goldenson and Michael Brown and Jane
                 Bruemmer and Nathan Hull and Roy Jones and Bruce
                 McClellan and Joseph Kmoch and Phillip Miller and Mark
                 Stehlik and Laurie Werth",
  title =        "Roundtable on structure editing (panel session):
                 teachers' experiences using Carnegie {Mellon}'s {GENIE}
                 programming environments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "267",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323456",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gotterbarn:1990:MIS,
  author =       "Donald Gotterbarn and Deborah Johnson and Keith Miller
                 and Gene Spafford",
  title =        "Methods of integrating the study of ethics into the
                 computer science curriculum (panel session)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "268",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/319059.323460",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:12 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sigle:1990:DDC,
  author =       "John Sigle",
  title =        "Dynamic display of computing processes",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "2--4",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126446",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Dynamic (animated) displays of computing processes
                 such as algorithm execution seem useful in teaching
                 computer science. Not everyone agrees with this view,
                 however, and indeed there are some pedagogical
                 pitfalls. This paper addresses this issue and argues
                 that there is a proper role for such capabilities,
                 provided that sufficient attention is given to careful
                 reasoning about programs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tangorra:1990:RCA,
  author =       "Filippo Tangorra",
  title =        "The role of the computer architecture simulator in the
                 laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "5--10",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126447",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hillam:1990:IAP,
  author =       "Bruce P. Hillam",
  title =        "Integrating an array processor into a ``hands on''
                 computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "11--14",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126448",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Problems in acquiring an array processor by a public
                 university are discussed, including lessons learned,
                 present uses, and future plans to develop courses in
                 computational science.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carlson:1990:EGC,
  author =       "Wayne E. Carlson",
  title =        "An environment of a graduate curriculum in computer
                 graphics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "15--20",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126449",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Attention has been focused recently on programs in
                 Computer Graphics within the general Computer Science
                 Curriculum. A successful graduate program in the
                 Department of Computer and Information Science at The
                 Ohio State University is outlined. Facilities and
                 laboratories, courses, and staffing are discussed.
                 Particular attention is given to a software
                 environment, called EDGE (Educational and Development
                 Graphics Environment) which is central to the success
                 of the courses in the curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Feldman:1990:TDS,
  author =       "Michael B. Feldman",
  title =        "Teaching data structures with Ada: an eight-year
                 perspective",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "21--29",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126450",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tu:1990:CCP,
  author =       "Jho-Ju Tu and John R. Johnson",
  title =        "Can computer programming improve problem-solving
                 ability?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "30--33",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126451",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper reports the results of a study of the
                 relationship between computer programming skills and
                 problem-solving abilities. Students in two introductory
                 programming courses (FORTRAN and PASCAL) of a large
                 university served as the subjects for this study.
                 Students' problem-solving abilities were assessed
                 during the first month that each computer programming
                 course commenced and again during the final month of
                 the course. Analysis of pretest and posttest results
                 indicated that students who had successfully completed
                 all computer programming course requirements
                 experienced significant improvement in their overall
                 problem skills. Results also suggested that students
                 who had successfully completed computer programming
                 course requirements experienced significant improvement
                 on the logical reasoning section of the problem-solving
                 assessment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cynar:1990:TMS,
  author =       "Sandra J. Cynar",
  title =        "Teaching modeling and simulation to computing science
                 students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "34--37",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126452",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article discusses the contents of a course in
                 modeling and simulation designed for Computer
                 Engineering and Computer Science students. A discussion
                 of the need for such a course precedes a description of
                 the course content and assignments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Davies:1990:TCP,
  author =       "G. L. Davies",
  title =        "Teaching concurrent programming with {Pascal-FC}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "38--41",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126453",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a dialect of Pascal which has
                 been specially developed to provide students with
                 practical experience in courses on concurrent
                 programming. It describes the facilities of the
                 language, and discusses the importance of the scheduler
                 which is provided in language implementations used for
                 teaching.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ezell:1990:CPP,
  author =       "C. L. Ezell",
  title =        "Creating pedagogical programming environments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "42--46",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126454",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A popular way to introduce program design concepts to
                 beginning programming students is to discuss the
                 solution of familiar, easily decomposed problems
                 involving ordinary situations, such as washing a car or
                 cleaning a room. Extensible languages, such as
                 Smalltalk, make it easy to create pedagogical
                 programming systems on which the solutions of such
                 problems can be implemented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Frank:1990:ACC,
  author =       "Thomas S. Frank and James F. Smith",
  title =        "{Ada} as a {CS1--CS2} language",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "47--51",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126455",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dadamo:1990:CQA,
  author =       "Diana T. Dadamo",
  title =        "The correlation quiz: an aid in curbing cheating in
                 programming assignments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "52--54",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126456",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In order to develop programming ability, computer
                 science courses typically include a number of
                 out-of-class assignments. To motivate the students in
                 completing these assignments, these projects are
                 usually graded and the values included in the
                 computation of the final grade for the course. However,
                 the amount of cheating done on the programming
                 assignments makes it unfair to heavily weigh these
                 values. Some systems of grading have been developed
                 that downplay the effect of the programming assignment
                 grades but this negates the effort of the students and
                 the importance of developing the practical aspects of a
                 programming language. Within the constraints of an
                 out-of-class programming assignment, this paper
                 proposes a new system that can potentially reduce the
                 incidence of cheating while requiring honest students
                 to review their program after completion. (The
                 development of the Correlation quiz was done while the
                 author was a Senior Lecturer at Widener University.)",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Koneva:1990:EVN,
  author =       "Luisa Koneva and Jordan Denev",
  title =        "{EASY\slash VI} --- a new instructional computer",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "55--58",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126457",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper it is suggested a simple hypothetical
                 computer which has been designed to assist teaching of
                 the basic concepts in introductory course in computer
                 organization and assembly language programming. The
                 hypothetical computer and the instructional assembly
                 language presented here have some new features which
                 facilitate learning significantly. They have been
                 designed to be a vehicle in almost all the lectures of
                 the course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roggio:1990:UPE,
  author =       "Robert F. Roggio",
  title =        "{Upsilon Pi Epsilon (UPE)}: the role of the computing
                 science honor society in computer science programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "59--62",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126445.126458",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "It is the role of the university and programs in
                 computer science to provide a quality education in the
                 computing sciences. These activities clearly imply the
                 need to expose the students to the professional
                 societies, such as ACM, IEEE-CS, and DPMA, as
                 appropriate. But in addition, recognition for
                 outstanding scholarship is a must. While other major
                 areas, such as engineering, mathematics, and business
                 have societies through which outstanding students may
                 be recognized for a number of years, the computer
                 science honor society is relatively new. The purpose of
                 this paper is to present not only the general features
                 and organization of the honor society, but, most
                 importantly, to demonstrate the impact of the society
                 on the daily activities of computing science
                 students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lambert:1990:CTC,
  author =       "Kenneth A. Lambert",
  title =        "Compiling {Tinyturing} in a compiler construction
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "2--6",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101086",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Khosraviyani:1990:UBS,
  author =       "Firooz Khosraviyani",
  title =        "Using binary search on a linked list",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "7--10",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101088",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this article a variation of binary search
                 applicable to a linked list structure is examined.
                 There are no additional data structure properties
                 imposed on the list; that is the list may be singly or
                 multiply linked, but it is not required that the list
                 be represented as a binary tree. The process can be
                 used with improved efficiency in place of linear search
                 on a linked list where introducing additional data
                 structures complexity on the list is not desirable.
                 This procedure seems appropriate for inclusion in data
                 structures courses where searching and sorting are
                 discussed. The texts on data structures cover the
                 binary search on a fixed length sequence, but the
                 general consensus is that there is no advantage in
                 trying to implement the binary search process on linked
                 lists. One possible exception in this regard, where no
                 details are provided, is [2, page 147].",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Thomas:1990:MMC,
  author =       "Paul A. V. Thomas",
  title =        "{Micron}: a microprogrammed computer",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "11--20",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101089",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gingras:1990:DPR,
  author =       "Armando R. Gingras",
  title =        "Dining philosophers revisited",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "21--ff.",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101091",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In 1965 Dijkstra posed and solved the Dining
                 Philosophers problem. Since then the problem has become
                 a classic test case for concurrency mechanisms and an
                 example often discussed in operating systems courses.
                 Two theorems prove the correctness of seatings where
                 all philosophers always prefer to pick up a fork with a
                 particular hand first. This note shows the subtlety
                 required to solve the problem by showing that a
                 recently published solution is incorrect. A correct
                 solution is provided.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Logan:1990:ARA,
  author =       "Paula M. Logan and Clifford W. Hale and John M.
                 Atkins",
  title =        "An academic relational algebra database management
                 system",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "25--28",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101093",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a relational algebra database
                 management system written by two graduate students at
                 West Virginia University. The system is designed to be
                 used in an undergraduate database class to demonstrate
                 queries posed in the relational algebra and to
                 introduce the notions of integral constraints,
                 referential integrity and functional dependencies. The
                 system runs in either an interactive mode or interfaces
                 with either Pascal or PL/1.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lake:1990:SAP,
  author =       "Al Lake and Curtis Cook",
  title =        "Style: an automated program style analyzer",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "29--33",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101095",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartley:1990:EMO,
  author =       "Stephen J. Hartley",
  title =        "Experience with {MINIX} in an operating systems lab",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "34--38",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101096",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/minix.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Most standard undergraduate operating systems courses
                 teach theory and concepts, without exposing students to
                 the detailed internal operation or source code of an
                 actual operating system. A. S. Tanenbaum's MINIX
                 operating system (1987) is designed to give students
                 `hands-on' experience with the internals of an
                 operating system in order to illustrate the theory and
                 concepts. The use of MINIX in an operating systems
                 laboratory at the University of Vermont is described.
                 The paper gives an overview of the history and
                 structure of MINIX and describes some of the projects,
                 such as file locking, symbolic links, memory
                 compaction, modifying the CPU scheduler, and named
                 pipes, that have been used in an Operating Systems
                 Laboratory course at the University of Vermont.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  affiliation =  "Dept. of Comput. Sci., Trinity Univ., San Antonio, TX,
                 USA",
  classification = "C0220 (Education and training); C6150J (Operating
                 systems)",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "CPU scheduler; File locking; IBM; Memory compaction;
                 MINIX; Operating systems; Symbolic links; Unix",
  thesaurus =    "Computer science education; Operating systems
                 [computers]",
}

@Article{Leach:1990:AOS,
  author =       "Ronald J. Leach",
  title =        "An advanced operating systems project using
                 concurrency",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "39--ff.",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101098",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Most courses in operating systems follow one of three
                 patterns: high level discussion with most programming
                 done in a high level language; building operating
                 systems from device driver level up; and courses which
                 use emulator programs which emulate special
                 architectures. In this paper, we describe a course
                 which emphasizes the strong points of these approaches.
                 The course also emphasizes teaching concurrency,
                 introducing networking, and developing a deeper
                 understanding of many of the system calls and system
                 commands of the UNIX operating system. The major course
                 project is described in the paper.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bergin:1990:CAW,
  author =       "Joseph Bergin",
  title =        "Coatroom: an {ADT} which is useful in implementation
                 of object oriented programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "45--ff.",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101099",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nute:1990:AES,
  author =       "T. C. Nute and J. R. Rienwalt and D. J. Rodjak and
                 William H. Golaz and J. R. Comer",
  title =        "Academic experiences in software project management",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "47--53",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101101",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses the implementation project
                 undertaken in 1988--1989 as part of Texas Christian
                 University's graduate program in Software Design and
                 Development. The report summarizes the intent,
                 schedule, man-loading, design methodologies, and
                 development tools used during the course of the
                 project. Included is a discussion of the project's
                 failures and successes. The paper concludes with a
                 discussion of the lessons that may be learned from such
                 projects in planning future efforts of this kind.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Eckert:1990:CBC,
  author =       "Richard R. Eckert",
  title =        "Communication between computers and peripheral
                 devices --- an analogy",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "54--62",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101102",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Silver:1990:BQD,
  author =       "Charles L. Silver",
  title =        "A better queue design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "63--64",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/101085.101103",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Toal:1990:SEG,
  author =       "Raymond J. Toal and Philip M. Dorin",
  title =        "Software engineering and the game of {Monopoly}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "2--4",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122154",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We claim that a good basis for a course in Software
                 Engineering is to have a group of students make a
                 computer program for the game of Monopoly. We discuss
                 our experiences in organizing and running such a
                 course, and on the computer program that resulted from
                 the most recent version of the course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Apenyo:1990:DST,
  author =       "Kofi Apenyo",
  title =        "A database sequence: theory then practice",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "5--10",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122155",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A two-course upper-division undergraduate sequence in
                 database systems offered by the computer science
                 department at the Atlanta University Center is
                 described. It is observed that the course contents of
                 database program prepares students to fill the
                 increasing number of database positions in industry
                 while providing the broad foundation in the subject
                 matter upon which students can build in graduate
                 school. The program of database study consists of a
                 core and an elective. The core covers database
                 concepts, design, implementation, and processing. With
                 the core as a prerequisite, the elective provides
                 practical laboratory work that is dictated by
                 requirements of the database industry. The database
                 program described in this paper has been implemented at
                 the Atlanta University Center in Atlanta, Georgia, by a
                 JPL computer scientist with a NASA grant.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pandey:1990:GLP,
  author =       "Rajeev Pandey",
  title =        "Getting the languages for a programming languages
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "11--14",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122156",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wolf:1990:ESA,
  author =       "Walter Wolf and Evelyn Rozanski",
  title =        "Expert systems: an applied course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "23--24",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122157",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sabin:1990:UCP,
  author =       "Roberta E. Sabin",
  title =        "Using {CS2} projects to introduce computer science
                 concepts",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "25--28",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122158",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Arras:1990:SSC,
  author =       "Richard J. Arras and Lewis Motter",
  title =        "The senior seminar in computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "29--36",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122159",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper considers the senior seminar course in
                 computer science and discusses its place in preparing
                 students for careers in computer science. It is the
                 authors' contention that the senior seminar should
                 attempt to prepare students for the practice of
                 computer science in the work place. It considers the
                 various aspects of the development and implementation
                 of a significant user-oriented software project that
                 serves as the cornerstone of such a course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cagnat:1990:ALE,
  author =       "J. M. Cagnat and V. Gueraud and J. P. Peyrin",
  title =        "The arcade laboratory: an environment to help teach
                 algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "37--42",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122160",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We propose different ways to use the computer to help
                 teach algorithms. Our objective however is not to
                 develop a complete and autonomous computer assisted
                 course, such that the student would be given a set of
                 floppy disks and would come back a few months later
                 only for his exams! We want rather to provide students
                 and teachers with software tools that enhance and
                 complement teaching practices as they exist in a
                 traditional environment: formal lectures; exercises in
                 small groups; individual computer assignments. This
                 paper presents elements that guided us during the
                 elaboration of this laboratory: basic ideas, dreams and
                 pedagogical choices. We describe the laboratory as it
                 is today and we try to analyze its potential for
                 students, teachers and software authors. We conclude on
                 possible further developments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wildenberg:1990:USA,
  author =       "Gerald Wildenberg",
  title =        "Using a stack assembler language in a compiler
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "43--44",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122161",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Meredith:1990:ELP,
  author =       "Marsha Meredith",
  title =        "An effective {Lisp} project for a programming
                 languages course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "45--48",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122162",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yue:1990:TGE,
  author =       "Kwok-bun Yue",
  title =        "Teaching a graduate expert systems course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "49--52",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122163",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Because expert systems technology is relatively new,
                 there are only a few papers describing a graduate
                 course on the subject. Most of the described courses
                 were either seminar oriented or centered around a
                 student project, but did not have a complete coverage
                 of the major topics. This paper describes the teaching
                 of a graduate expert system course that has a
                 relatively complete coverage of the subject area. Other
                 additional features of the course include incremental
                 development of the student projects, emphasis on
                 evaluations of tools and projects, as well as using
                 more conventional problems for strengthening expert
                 system shell programming techniques.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hvorecky:1990:CBP,
  author =       "Jozef Hvoreck{\'y}",
  title =        "On a connection between programming and mathematics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "53--54",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122164",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chappelow:1990:DIS,
  author =       "Stephen W. Chappelow and Steven F. Ackerman and
                 Stephen J. Hartley",
  title =        "Design and implementation of a swapper for the {MINIX}
                 operating system",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "55--59",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122165",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/minix.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The University of Vermont does not offer a course
                 which provides practical experience working with the
                 internals of operating systems. To remedy this, an
                 independent study course was undertaken during the
                 Spring 1989 semester which involved working with the
                 internals of a real operating system. The goal of the
                 project was to design and implement a major component
                 of an operating system known as the swapper. The basis
                 for the project was the MINIX operating system, which
                 is a message-passing operating system that runs on
                 microcomputers and whose user interface mimics Version
                 7 UNIX. The structure, algorithms, and implementation
                 of a swapper are analyzed in detail. Finally, the
                 practical value of the research experience is
                 discussed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  affiliation =  "Dept. of Comput. Sci. and Electr. Eng., Vermont Univ.,
                 Burlington, VT, USA",
  classification = "C0220 (Education and training); C6150J (Operating
                 systems)",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "Independent study course; Message-passing operating
                 system; MINIX operating system; Swapper; User
                 interface; Version 7 UNIX",
  thesaurus =    "Computer science education; Educational courses;
                 Operating systems [computers]",
}

@Article{Anderson:1990:MFF,
  author =       "Oliver D. Anderson",
  title =        "My five favorite first year {Pascal} programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "60--64",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122153.122166",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:14 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sapega:1991:IUE,
  author =       "August E. Sapega",
  title =        "Introducing undergraduate engineering students to
                 laboratory automation using high-level application
                 programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1--5",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107006",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberge:1991:ELW,
  author =       "James Roberg{\'e} and Candice Suriano",
  title =        "Embedding laboratories within the computer science
                 curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6--10",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107007",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Epp:1991:ECS,
  author =       "Ed C. Epp",
  title =        "An experimental computer science laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "11--14",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107008",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shay:1991:SPD,
  author =       "William A. Shay",
  title =        "A software project for a data communication course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "15--20",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107009",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tymann:1991:VTT,
  author =       "Paul Tymann",
  title =        "{VNET}: a tool for teaching computer networking to
                 undergraduates",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "21--24",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107011",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McDonald:1991:NSL,
  author =       "Chris McDonald",
  title =        "A network specification language and execution
                 environment for undergraduate teaching",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "25--34",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107012",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ross:1991:EDP,
  author =       "Rockford J. Ross",
  title =        "Experience with the {DYNAMOD} program animator",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "35--42",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107013",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wallace:1991:TNN,
  author =       "Susan R. Wallace and F. Layne Wallace",
  title =        "Two neural network programming assignments using
                 arrays",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "43--47",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107014",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Katz:1991:HOC,
  author =       "Elizabeth E. Katz and Hayden S. Porter",
  title =        "{HyperTalk} as an overture to {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "48--54",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107015",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fritz:1991:HAT,
  author =       "Jane M. Fritz",
  title =        "{HyperCard} applications for teaching information
                 systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "55--61",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107016",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Granger:1991:ICA,
  author =       "Mary J. Granger and Roger A. Pick",
  title =        "The impact of computer-aided software engineering on
                 student performance",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "62--72",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107017",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Temte:1991:LBI,
  author =       "Mark C. Temte",
  title =        "{Let}'s begin introducing the object-oriented
                 paradigm",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "73--77",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107018",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Arnow:1991:IWL,
  author =       "David Arnow",
  title =        "The Iliad and the {WHILE} loop: computer literacy in a
                 liberal arts program",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "78--81",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107019",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Geitz:1991:AIC,
  author =       "Robert Geitz",
  title =        "Algorithms and images: computer graphics as an
                 introduction to science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "82--86",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107020",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Taffe:1991:SMS,
  author =       "William J. Taffe",
  title =        "Simulation and modelling with Stella: a general
                 education course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "87--91",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107021",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jackson:1991:MCC,
  author =       "David Jackson",
  title =        "A mini-course on concurrency",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "92--96",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107022",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartman:1991:TCP,
  author =       "Janet Hartman and Dean Sanders",
  title =        "Teaching a course in parallel processing with limited
                 resources",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "97--101",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107023",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fisher:1991:TPP,
  author =       "Allan L. Fisher and Thomas Gross",
  title =        "Teaching the programming of parallel computers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "102--107",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107024",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Golub:1991:CNC,
  author =       "Evan B. Golub and Moshe Augenstein",
  title =        "Creation of a new case for {LUPSort}: {ALTERNATING}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "108--111",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107025",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "LUPSort (Longest Upsequence Problem Sort)",
}

@Article{Astrachan:1991:PI,
  author =       "Owen Astrachan",
  title =        "Pictures as invariants",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "112--118",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107026",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Whaley:1991:FPV,
  author =       "Tom Whaley",
  title =        "A framework for program verification in the context of
                 linked structures and pointer variables",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "119--123",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107027",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Almstrum:1991:RBP,
  author =       "Vicki L. Almstrum",
  title =        "The relationship between pre-college mathematics and
                 the undergraduate computer science curricula",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "124--129",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107028",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Scott:1991:MCS,
  author =       "Thomas J. Scott",
  title =        "Mathematics and computer science at odds over real
                 numbers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "130--139",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107004.107029;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107029",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-377-9",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-377-5",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1991.html#Scott91;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fparith.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  note =         "22nd SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science
                 Education.",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Math/fparith.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1991.bib",
  abstract =     "Discusses the `real numbers' data type as implemented
                 by `floating point' numbers. Floating point
                 implementations and a theorem that characterizes their
                 truncations are presented. A teachable floating point
                 system is presented, chosen so that most problems can
                 be worked out with paper and pencil. Then major
                 differences between floating point number systems and
                 the continuous real number system are presented.
                 Important floating point formats are next discussed.
                 Two examples derived from actual computing practice on
                 mainframes, minicomputers, and PCs are presented. The
                 paper concludes with a discussion of where floating
                 point arithmetic should be taught in standard courses
                 in the ACM curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  affiliation =  "Dept. of Comput. Sci., Western Illinois Univ., Macomb,
                 IL, USA",
  classification = "C0220 (Education and training); C5230 (Digital
                 arithmetic methods)",
  confdate =     "7-8 March 1991",
  conflocation = "San Antonio, TX, USA",
  confsponsor =  "ACM",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "ACM curriculum; Computer science; Floating point
                 arithmetic; Floating point formats; Floating point
                 number systems; Real number data types; Standard
                 courses; Teaching; Truncations",
  thesaurus =    "Computer science education; Data structures; Digital
                 arithmetic; Educational courses; Number theory",
}

@Article{Haggard:1991:PDS,
  author =       "Gary Haggard",
  title =        "A project for data structures and algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "140--145",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107030",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lelewer:1991:HCD,
  author =       "Debra A. Lelewer and Cheng Ng",
  title =        "An honors course in data compression",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "146--150",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107031",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Johnsonbaugh:1991:GGS,
  author =       "Richard Johnsonbaugh and Martin Kalin",
  title =        "A graph generation software package",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "151--154",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107032",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yeager:1991:TCP,
  author =       "Dorian P. Yeager",
  title =        "Teaching concurrency in the programming languages
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "155--161",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107033",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kurtz:1991:LAS,
  author =       "Barry L. Kurtz",
  title =        "Laboratory activities for studying the formal
                 semantics of programming languages",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "162--168",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107034",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kurtz:1991:DIU,
  author =       "Barry L. Kurtz and Richard L. Oliver and Edward M.
                 Collins",
  title =        "The design, implementation, and use of {DSTutor}: a
                 tutoring system for denotational semantics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "169--177",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107035",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Slonneger:1991:EDS,
  author =       "Ken Slonneger",
  title =        "An exercise in denotational semantics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "178--183",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107036",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Uckan:1991:ILP,
  author =       "Yuksel Uckan",
  title =        "Integrating logic programming into a data base course:
                 views as rules in deductive relational data bases",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "184--191",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107037",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Saiedian:1991:TOP,
  author =       "Hossein Saiedian and Hassan Farhat",
  title =        "A team-oriented, project-intensive database course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "192--198",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107038",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Foster:1991:MFR,
  author =       "Louis A. Foster and Norman L. Hughes",
  title =        "Making files real with a virtual disk",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "199--204",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107039",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pesante:1991:IWC,
  author =       "Linda H. Pesante",
  title =        "Integrating writing into computer science courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "205--209",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107040",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McKim:1991:ACE,
  author =       "James C. {McKim, Jr.} and Timothy O. Martyn and Roger
                 H. Brown and Michael M. Danchak and Kathleen L. Farrell
                 and C. William Higginbotham and Irina S. Ilovic and
                 Brian J. McCartin and J. Peter Matelski",
  title =        "An alternative culminating experience for {Master}'s
                 students in computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "210--218",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107041",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Olagunju:1991:PMC,
  author =       "Amos O. Olagunju",
  title =        "The plight of a minority in computer science: an
                 educational manifesto",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "219--225",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107043",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Motil:1991:BBA,
  author =       "John Motil",
  title =        "Begin-{BIG} an approach to the introductory computing
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "226--230",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107044",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Skublics:1991:TSF,
  author =       "Suzanne Skublics and Paul White",
  title =        "Teaching {Smalltalk} as a first programming language",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "231--234",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107046",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Locklair:1991:ICS,
  author =       "Gary H. Locklair",
  title =        "The introductory computer science course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "235--239",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107049",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hill:1991:CAP,
  author =       "Jane C. Hill and Andrew Wayne",
  title =        "A {CYK} approach to parsing in parallel: a case
                 study",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "240--245",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107055",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ghafarian:1991:EAC,
  author =       "Ahmad Ghafarian",
  title =        "An experimental approach to a course on parallel and
                 distributed algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "246--253",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107058",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Harlan:1991:SPC,
  author =       "Robert M. Harlan",
  title =        "Searching in parallel: a case study with the
                 single-source shortest path algorithm",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "254--259",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107059",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCormick:1991:LTD,
  author =       "John A. McCormick",
  title =        "A laboratory for teaching the development of real-time
                 software systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "260--264",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107052",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Steidley:1991:RCL,
  author =       "Carl W. Steidley",
  title =        "Robotics: a closer look at microprocessor systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "265--272",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107063",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Smith:1991:DIU,
  author =       "Wayne D. Smith",
  title =        "The design of an inexpensive undergraduate data
                 communications laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "273--276",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107064",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bailie:1991:IMA,
  author =       "Frances K. Bailie",
  title =        "Improving the modularization ability of novice
                 programmers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "277--282",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107065",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fleury:1991:PPR,
  author =       "Ann E. Fleury",
  title =        "Parameter passing: the rules the students construct",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "283--286",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107066",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chavey:1991:SLC,
  author =       "Darrah Chavey",
  title =        "A structured laboratory component for the introductory
                 programming course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "287--295",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107067",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clifton:1991:IAS,
  author =       "Joseph M. Clifton",
  title =        "An industry approach to the software engineering
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "296--299",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107069",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tomayko:1991:TSD,
  author =       "James E. Tomayko",
  title =        "Teaching software development in a studio
                 environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "300--303",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107070",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Higginbotham:1991:STC,
  author =       "C. William Higginbotham and Ralph Morelli",
  title =        "A system for teaching concurrent programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "309--316",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107071",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mims:1991:UTL,
  author =       "Ted Mims and Andrzej Hoppe",
  title =        "Utilizing a transputer laboratory and {Occam2} in an
                 undergraduate operating systems course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "317--323",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107072",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jeffrey:1991:UPN,
  author =       "John M. Jeffrey",
  title =        "Using {Petri} nets to introduce operating system
                 concepts",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "324--329",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107074",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cunningham:1991:UIP,
  author =       "Steve Cunningham",
  title =        "User interface programming: a human-computer
                 communication course for computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "330--336",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107075",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Silver:1991:UAS,
  author =       "James L. Silver",
  title =        "Using {Ada} to specify and evaluate projects in a data
                 structures course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "337--340",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107077",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Scragg:1991:MCO,
  author =       "Greg W. Scragg",
  title =        "Most computer organization courses are built upside
                 down",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "341--346",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107079",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Skrien:1991:MSR,
  author =       "Dale Skrien and John Hosack",
  title =        "A multilevel simulator at the register transfer level
                 for use in an introductory machine organization class",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "347--351",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107081",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Doss:1991:NNN,
  author =       "David Doss and Bill Swafford",
  title =        "Networking non-network applications",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "352--357",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107083",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Collins:1991:EET,
  author =       "William J. Collins",
  title =        "Estimating execution times: a laboratory exercise for
                 {CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "358--363",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107085",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ford:1991:SUC,
  author =       "Gary Ford",
  title =        "The {SEI} undergraduate curriculum in software
                 engineering",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "375--385",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/107005.107088",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:15 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chitsaz:1991:ABI,
  author =       "Mohsen Chitsaz and Karen Holbrook",
  title =        "The achievement of blacks in introductory computer
                 science at a predominantly white public university",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "2--8",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122107",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reid:1991:OOP,
  author =       "Richard J. Reid",
  title =        "Object-oriented programming in {C++}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "9--14",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122108",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a course that introduces students
                 to object-oriented design, the C++ language and
                 discrete-event simulation with animated displays.
                 Students come to this course with a Pascal, C and
                 Assembler background and progress through the
                 object-oriented features of C++, completing a
                 simulation project as a major course component. A
                 video-tape series is used to provide C++ instruction.
                 For the simulation project, students complete the
                 controller portion of an elevator system involving
                 multiple elevator cars in a multi-story building
                 simulation. Student controllers are coupled with
                 modules they cannot see within, but can communicate
                 with, using the member functions provided at the
                 object-oriented interface. The simulation and animated
                 display give visual feedback of the performance of
                 student control algorithms.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Poole:1991:USE,
  author =       "Bernard John Poole",
  title =        "Undergraduate software engineering: the fruits of
                 experience",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "15--20",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122109",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dalbey:1991:AZP,
  author =       "John Dalbey",
  title =        "Applying Zen principles in an introductory programming
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "21--23",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122110",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The word ``zen'' often conjures up images of robed and
                 shaven headed monks sitting in lotus position in a
                 meditation hall in a Japanese monastery. For most
                 people it is hard to reconcile this image with that of
                 modern computer technology. But in my experience as a
                 teacher of computer programming I have found that
                 certain zen principles can be very valuable for people
                 learning about computers. Despite its ``philosophical''
                 or ``abstract'' reputation, zen is actually a practice
                 aimed at helping people cope with everyday life. In a
                 sense it is anti-philosophical because it emphasizes
                 actions not words. Historically, zen was practiced in
                 the context of very pragmatic and technical skills such
                 as archery and swordsmanship. The discipline had
                 specific exercises aimed at improving one's technical
                 skills while simultaneously providing opportunity for a
                 kind of spiritual growth. While programming a computer
                 is a cognitive skill instead of a physical skill, zen
                 principles still have important application to the
                 psychology of learning.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hoft:1991:IND,
  author =       "Hartmut H{\"o}ft",
  title =        "Implementation of a non-deterministic loop",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "24--28",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122111",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/mathematica.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Math/maple-extract.bib",
  abstract =     "Dijkstra's calculus of guarded commands incorporates
                 nondeterminism into the branch and the loop statements.
                 I argue in this paper that the course CS8, Organization
                 of Programming Languages, is an appropriate place to
                 introduce this semantics for a language control
                 structure into the undergraduate curriculum. In section
                 IV I present a short implementation for the Dijkstra
                 do... od command as a function in Mathematica. The
                 paper concludes with the application of this function
                 to random walks.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-ble,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Canning:1991:HDA,
  author =       "James T. Canning",
  title =        "A hands-on dataflow architecture\slash programming
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "29--32",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122112",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The University of Lowell's Department of Computer
                 Science offers a course in data flow programming which
                 provides students with the opportunity to run their
                 programs on an actual, rather inexpensive dataflow
                 machine. Students gain a much deeper understanding of
                 the issues related to line grain parallel processing.
                 The course not only surveys various dataflow
                 architectures and languages, but also involves
                 laboratory assignments where students must design,
                 debug and execule dataflow programs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dixon:1991:IOO,
  author =       "Chip Dixon",
  title =        "An introduction to object-oriented programming through
                 {Turbo Pascal}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "33--35",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122113",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents three introductory concepts of
                 object-oriented programming: encapsulation, inheritance
                 and polymorphism. The specific implementation for these
                 concepts and other terms presented, is the language
                 Turbo Pascal (5.5 or later). The examples illustrated
                 have been successfully used as the first part of an
                 introductory object-oriented programming class.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Struble:1991:EHH,
  author =       "George Struble",
  title =        "Experience hosting a high-school level programming
                 contest",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "36--38",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122114",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{LaSalle:1991:NFR,
  author =       "A. J. {La Salle} and L. R. Medsker",
  title =        "An {NSF} funded research experience for
                 undergraduates: intelligent systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "39--44",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122115",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Concerns about the decline in computer science
                 enrollments have appeared not only in computing
                 publications but also in the mass media. Reasons for
                 diminished interest in technology-oriented careers are
                 many and complex. Proposed solutions for expanding the
                 population of scientists and engineers are few and
                 largely untested. One solution, sponsored by the
                 National Science Foundation, is the involvement of
                 undergraduates in a research experience with the hope
                 that the experience will reinforce their career
                 decision and encourage them to go on to graduate study.
                 This paper describes an undergraduate research
                 experience conducted at The American University, the
                 nature of the students' involvement, and he affects of
                 their experiences on their career goals.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wagner:1991:AIT,
  author =       "Christian Wagner and John Vinsonhaler",
  title =        "An Artificial Intelligence theory of computer
                 competency",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "45--50",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122116",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article reports the development of an Intelligent
                 Tutorial System (ITS) that represents procedural
                 knowledge using a ``mental context'' that permits
                 generalization. The system behaves much like an
                 advisor, competent in the use of personal computers,
                 who is helping another person perform a word processing
                 task. The nature of the system is discussed and
                 illustrated. Implications are drawn for the definition
                 and measurement of what the authors term ``computer
                 competence.''",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mullins:1991:PIP,
  author =       "Paul M. Mullins",
  title =        "{Pascal} with {Internet} primitives for pedagogy",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "51--54",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122117",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An extension to standard Pascal which includes the
                 kind of Internet primitives necessary to support
                 meaningful programming projects for a networks course
                 is described. The new language, Pascal with Internet
                 Primitives (PIP), is a simple modification of the
                 standard Pascal language providing interprocess
                 communication library routines. The PIP use requests
                 and uses networked services which are presented as
                 Pascal-style files. Primitives calls are handled
                 transparently by a compiler preprocessor and an
                 extended run-time environment. This simple file-based
                 extension allows the student to immediately write
                 pedagogically useful programs using pre-planned
                 Internet facilities. More complex assignments, such as
                 the development of network servers, protocols, et
                 cetera, are possible with increased awareness of
                 primitive function calls. Increased awareness can come
                 about gradually as a part of the course and occurs
                 within the syntactically familiar setting of Pascal.
                 This approach allows presentation of programming
                 essentials as meaningful excursions, rather than as a
                 separate topic. Design, implementation, and use of the
                 system are described.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ford:1991:BBC,
  author =       "Gary Ford",
  title =        "A bibliography of broad-coverage software engineering
                 textbooks",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "55--59",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122118",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yue:1991:DPR,
  author =       "Kwok-bun Yue",
  title =        "Dining philosophers revisited, again",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "60--64",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122106.122119",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a problem in the solution of the
                 dining philosophers problem by Gingras [2] that makes
                 it inefficient, instead of the claimed maximal
                 efficiency. A correct implementation is presented. Even
                 then, the solution has other undesirable
                 characteristics and is still not maximally efficiency.
                 Depending on the definition of efficiency, it may not
                 be possible to attain maximal efficiency and be
                 starvation-free at the same time. A better and simpler
                 solution for general mutual exclusion problems, in
                 which the dining philosophers problem is a special
                 case, is presented. This solution can become symmetric
                 if appropriate data structures are used.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chu:1991:FPT,
  author =       "I-Ping Chu and Richard Johnsonbaugh",
  title =        "The four-peg {Tower of Hanoi} puzzle",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "2--4",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126460",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We discuss a version of the Tower of Hanoi puzzle in
                 which there are four pegs rather than three. The
                 four-peg puzzle provides a rich source of exercises
                 (samples of which are included) for students after the
                 familiar three-peg version has been presented. We give
                 an algorithm that solves the four-peg puzzle in the
                 claimed minimum number of moves (see [2, 4]). Our
                 algorithm solves the four-peg puzzle in $ O(4^{\sqrt
                 {n}}) $ moves whereas the best algorithm for the
                 three-peg puzzle requires $ 2^n - 1 $ moves. As far as
                 we know, the minimum number of moves required to solve
                 the four-peg puzzle is an open question.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Trono:1991:ACA,
  author =       "John A. Trono",
  title =        "Average case analysis when merging two ordered lists
                 of different length",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "5--6",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126461",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A derivation for the expected number of comparisons
                 when merging two ordered lists is given, where the
                 sizes of the individual lists are unknown but the size
                 of the merged list is known. Other applications where
                 this result can be applied are also mentioned, most
                 notably the LUPSort algorithm of Merritt and
                 Nauck[4].",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dunstan:1991:BMU,
  author =       "Neil Dunstan",
  title =        "Building monitors with {UNIX} and {C}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "7--9",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126462",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An outline is given for structuring concurrent
                 programs written in C under UNIX System V using the
                 concept of monitors. It is shown how a monitor can be
                 implemented in UNIX System V using the semaphore and
                 shared memory facilities. Monitors are a common topic
                 in the studies of concurrent programming and operating
                 systems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chan:1991:CAP,
  author =       "Tat-Hung Chan",
  title =        "Computing average path lengths of binary search
                 trees",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "10--10",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126463",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sanchez-Calle:1991:FRP,
  author =       "Angel S{\'a}nchez-Calle and J. Angel
                 Vel{\'a}zquez-Iturbide",
  title =        "Fun, rigour and pragmatism in functional programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "11--16",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126464",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A course on functional programming using Hope is
                 presented. It describes the basic principles of
                 functional programming, the syntax and semantics of
                 Hope, and some techniques for the analysis and design
                 of programs. A main feature of the course is the
                 integration in a natural way of formal methods and
                 reusability with programming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fuller:1991:PSA,
  author =       "Roy Fuller",
  title =        "{PDP-11} simulator for {Apple Macintosh} is designed
                 for instructional use",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "17--19",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126465",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe a interactive PDP-11 simulator that runs
                 on the Apple Macintosh. The simulator has been
                 extremely easy for students at the University of
                 Arkansas to learn and operate after a fraction of one
                 lecture period of explanation. It has been utilized for
                 three years in two undergraduate courses: computer
                 organization and assemblers, translators {\&}amp;
                 compilers. Compared to using an actual PDP-11 or a
                 simulator (not the author's) running on our
                 University's mainframe, we have found that the students
                 using the Macintosh simulator achieve higher
                 productivity, measured not by the number of lines
                 assembled or executed in a second but by the number of
                 human hours spent writing and debugging a program.
                 Students gain a clearer understanding of concepts that
                 are intrinsically dynamic (such as the birth and death
                 of activation records) due to the ease with which
                 (simulated) memory and registers can be monitored
                 during execution.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cole:1991:WLA,
  author =       "Jerald D. Cole",
  title =        "{WHILE} loops and the analogy of the single stroke
                 engine",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "20--22",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126466",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Researchers have found that loop constructs, such as
                 the WHILE (top tested) and REPEAT-UNTIL (bottom tested)
                 in modern programming languages are problematic for a
                 significant number of novice programming students[5].
                 In theory, any bottom tested loop can be implemented as
                 a top tested loop. Unfortunately, the converse of this
                 is not true, leading to some of the confusions
                 experienced by beginners. To circumvent this and other
                 problems, Taylor[7] advocates postponing the
                 introduction of the REPEAT-UNTIL. Instead, he
                 discriminates between two fundamental types of WHILE
                 loops, designated the SENTINEL WHILE and the COUNTER
                 WHILE, which are sufficient for the implementation of
                 any loop. A key element of Taylor's pedagogical
                 approach is the introduction of these concepts in the
                 context of analogies. This approach is utilized in the
                 exposition that follows.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dinerstein:1991:SND,
  author =       "N. T. Dinerstein",
  title =        "Strategies in network database systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "23--26",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126467",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Narayanan:1991:PME,
  author =       "V. Narayanan",
  title =        "Pattern matching for everyone",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "27--30",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126468",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Arab:1991:TMP,
  author =       "Mouloud Arab",
  title =        "Tool for making programs more readable",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "31--35",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126469",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Until recently, the researchers in the C.R.I.S.S
                 Research Center dealing particularly with teaching
                 beginners the writing of Pascal programs meet some
                 problems concerning the presentation of the programs.
                 The Pascal language is a structured one, the teachers
                 wants to provide a model of the presentation of the
                 Pascal program which facilities the correction and make
                 the program readable by other programmers. We propose
                 an automatic formatting programs for responding to this
                 aim. Results have been positive. The students produce
                 organized programs and the presentation provided helps
                 the students in the detection of bad constructs and the
                 teachers in having a readable programs which are
                 presented in the same way by the students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pyott:1991:AAT,
  author =       "Sean Pyott and Ian Sanders",
  title =        "{ALEX}: an aid to teaching algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "36--44",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126470",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A problem with teaching Computer Science to first-year
                 students in a South African context is that many
                 students come from disadvantaged backgrounds and have
                 not been exposed to computer technology. To address
                 this issue, a new curriculum has been adopted for
                 first-year students, the first topic of which covers
                 the design and specification of algorithms. One of the
                 problems encountered in this course is that if the
                 students cannot execute their algorithms they do not
                 know whether the algorithms are correct. One approach
                 to this problem is to require that students be familiar
                 with a programming language. This paper investigates an
                 alternative way of executing algorithms, the ALEX
                 system, and discusses how the system can be used to
                 assist in the teaching of algorithms. ALEX allows
                 students to specify algorithms in an English-like
                 manner and translates these algorithms into an
                 equivalent executable high-level language code, which
                 is then executed. Based on the evaluation of individual
                 students, the use of ALEX is beneficial. However,
                 further experimentation has to occur before the
                 effectiveness of using ALEX can be properly assessed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mody:1991:CES,
  author =       "R. P. Mody",
  title =        "{C} in Education and Software Engineering",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "45--56",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126471",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/leavens.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  annote =       "Why C is a bad first language. 27 references.",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bernstein:1991:CEC,
  author =       "Danielle R. Bernstein",
  title =        "Comfort and experience with computing: are they the
                 same for women and men?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "57--60",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126472",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "What produces comfort with computers and how is
                 comfort related to computer achievement for men and
                 women? This study looks at the effects of comfort and
                 prior spreadsheet knowledge on the ability to design
                 spreadsheets by management science students. Results
                 showed that comfort with computing is significantly
                 correlated with test performance for women; for men,
                 mathematics ability and relevance to their future
                 career are more important. The study suggests that the
                 quality of women's initial computing instruction is
                 very important in affecting what they will accomplish
                 in the future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schaller:1991:CGP,
  author =       "Nan C. Schaller",
  title =        "Computer graphics and parallelism, an
                 interdisciplinary fable",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "61--64",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/126459.126473",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:16 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A tale of collaboration on graphics projects between
                 undergraduate students leads to speculation concerning
                 the ingredients for success in such projects. This
                 article attempts to identify those elements of the
                 academic environment that foster open and collaborative
                 learning.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Khosraviyani:1991:TDA,
  author =       "Firooz Khosraviyani and Mohammad H. Moadab and Douglas
                 F. Hale",
  title =        "Time distribution analysis for binary search of a
                 linked list",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "7--12",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122698",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The aim of this article is to determine the
                 probability distribution of sorting time for different
                 sized linked lists utilizing binary search method and
                 its comparison with results for sequential and binary
                 tree search methods. In [1] the concept of binary
                 search as applicable to linked lists has been discussed
                 and compared with sequential search and (binary) tree
                 search algorithms. Applying regression analysis,
                 specific equations giving search times as a function of
                 list size are determined. Regression analysis is also
                 used to estimate the average performance of the binary
                 search method in sorting linked lists.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jones:1991:TCS,
  author =       "Warren T. Jones and F. Mike McGuirt",
  title =        "Telecommunications and computer science: two merging
                 paradigms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "13--22",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122699",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The purpose of this paper is to call attention to
                 trends and curricula in the two areas of
                 telecommunications and computer science.
                 Telecommunications is in its infancy as an
                 interdisciplinary academic subject which spans
                 primarily the disciplines of electrical engineering,
                 computer science and management. There are few
                 telecommunications degree programs or identifiable
                 specializations. Networks in the telecommunications
                 industry are rapidly becoming very large distributed
                 computing systems. In the computer industry, as well as
                 the computer science research community, the dominant
                 model for general purpose computing is also becoming
                 distributed computing. However, in contrast to
                 telecommunications, computer science is beginning to
                 mature as an academic discipline also having
                 interdisciplinary roots. Since many of the technologies
                 which are critical to the successful development of the
                 intelligent multimedia network of the future lie within
                 the domain of computer science, there are opportunities
                 for computer science to make a major impact on the
                 emerging telecommunications field.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Leonard:1991:USE,
  author =       "James R. Leonard",
  title =        "Using a software engineering approach to {CS1}: a
                 comparative study of student performance",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "23--26",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122700",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This investigation used two groups of CS1 students.
                 The control group was taught with a more traditional
                 synthesis approach emphasizing language use using
                 bottom-up explanations. The treatment group was taught
                 with a software engineering-oriented analysis approach
                 and emphasized topdown functional decomposition. The
                 results indicate that a software engineering approach
                 can produce significantly better student performance
                 than a more traditional approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Almstrum:1991:SPS,
  author =       "Vicki L. Almstrum and David C. Platt",
  title =        "Summary of post-symposium evaluations from 1991
                 {SIGCSE} technical symposium on computer science
                 education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "27--30",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122701",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The 1991 SIGCSE Technical Symposium was held March
                 7-8, 1991, in San Antonio, Texas. A post-symposium
                 evaluation form was made available to all attendees,
                 with the request that it be filled out to assist the
                 '91 committee in evaluating the current symposium and
                 to help future committees in planning their symposia.
                 This article highlights the responses to the evaluation
                 forms and includes excerpts from the chair report, the
                 registration report, and the treasurer's report.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Stanchev:1991:TSM,
  author =       "Svetlin Stanchev and Atanas Radensky",
  title =        "Teaching some modern functional programming concepts:
                 an approach based on an extended {FP}-like language",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "31--36",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122702",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper a new approach to teach functional
                 programming, based on a suitable extension of a Backus'
                 FP-like language is presented. Our approach outperforms
                 some others also discussed in ability concise, but not
                 superficially to cover the whole range from very
                 theoretic issues to very pragmatic ones.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1991:MHD,
  author =       "David K. Walker and David S. Tucker",
  title =        "Managing hard-disk {PCs} in the introductory
                 laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "37--40",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122703",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A method is described for managing stand-alone
                 hard-disk PCs, in an environment in which students are
                 allowed to explore the hard disk. The system,
                 application, and student-created files are safeguarded
                 by management software which helps eliminate
                 ``accidental'' loss or modification.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sanders:1991:AAA,
  author =       "Ian Sanders and Harshila Gopal",
  title =        "{AAPT}: algorithm animator and programming toolbox",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "41--47",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122704",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Learning to program is difficult. The focus of this
                 research was on developing an environment (AAPT) to
                 assist the student in learning programming at an
                 appropriate speed without a tutor having to be
                 available. AAPT is made up of two components, a
                 programming toolbox and an algorithm animator and is
                 intended for use in conjunction with formal lectures,
                 tutorials and laboratory sessions. The approach taken
                 here is different to other work in algorithm animation
                 because AAPT allows the student to develop the program
                 and see how it works in the same environment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Briggs:1991:GPS,
  author =       "Jim Briggs",
  title =        "Group projects in software engineering at York",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "48--50",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122705",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the format of the second year
                 group project in software engineering undertaken by all
                 single-subject undergraduate students in Computer
                 Science at the University of York.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Osborne:1991:OSG,
  author =       "Martin Osborne",
  title =        "{OZ}: a syntax generating editor",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "51--52",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122706",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In response to the needs of students taking
                 introductory programming classes, we have a created a
                 syntax generating editor. This simple to use and
                 reasonably powerful editor helps students avoid syntax
                 errors and also greatly eases and speeds the typing of
                 programs. This is especially true in Modula-2 where the
                 frequent need to change between upper and lower case
                 places exhausting demands on even good typists. Changes
                 in a configuration file allow the editor to work with a
                 number of different programming languages. The editor
                 is written in Pascal and runs under VAX/VMS. Source
                 code, executable code, and documentation are available
                 over the Internet.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Messersmith:1991:SCU,
  author =       "Kenneth G. Messersmith",
  title =        "Student created user manuals for a course on
                 programming languages",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "53--54",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122707",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Murphy:1991:EAU,
  author =       "Michael G. Murphy",
  title =        "Evolution of an approach to undergraduate {ADA} and
                 software engineering instruction",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "55--57",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122708",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rossa:1991:MFU,
  author =       "Robert F. Rossa",
  title =        "The master file update problem in {AWK}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "58--60",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122709",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gee:1991:SEC,
  author =       "Richard Gee and Rob McArthur",
  title =        "Some experiences with {CAI} and {NATAL}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "61--64",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/122697.122710",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCracken:1992:PLC,
  author =       "Daniel D. McCracken",
  title =        "Programming languages in the computer science
                 curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1--4",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134511",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rubio:1992:FCC,
  author =       "Juan Alvarez Rubio",
  title =        "A first computing course based on curricula 1991",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "5--8",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134512",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A two semester first year course is proposed that
                 provides an introduction to algorithmic problem solving
                 and programming, human-computer communication, file and
                 database systems, and software engineering. The goals
                 of this course coincide and expand upon the
                 Introduction to Programming and Computer Tools course
                 proposed by the ACM Task Force as a prerequisite for
                 studies in computer science. The methodology integrates
                 the contents of several knowledge units of the
                 Computing Curricula 1991 of the ACM/IEEE-CS.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dey:1992:CTC,
  author =       "Sukhen Dey and Lawrence R. Mand",
  title =        "Current trends in computer science curriculum: a
                 survey of four-year programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "9--14",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134513",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kay:1992:BAF,
  author =       "David G. Kay",
  title =        "A balanced approach to first-year computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "15--18",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134514",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe a first-year course sequence for computer
                 science majors that covers most of the traditional
                 first-year concepts, providing a balance between formal
                 analysis and software synthesis, with examples and
                 assignments in three high-level programming languages:
                 Pascal, Scheme (a lexically scoped dialect of Lisp),
                 and C. We argue that this balanced, tri-lingual
                 approach promotes more effective pedagogy and provides
                 students with a broader foundation than does an
                 all-formal, all-programming, or single-language
                 focus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wu:1992:PNF,
  author =       "Margaret S. Wu",
  title =        "The practical need for fourth normal form",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "19--23",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134515",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Many practitioners and academicians believe that data
                 violating fourth normal form is rarely encountered. We
                 report upon a study of forty organizational databases;
                 nine of them contained data violating fourth normal
                 form. Consequently, the need to understand and user
                 fourth normal form is more important than previously
                 believed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lim:1992:DGD,
  author =       "Billy B. L. Lim and Richard Hunter",
  title =        "{DBTool}: a graphical database design tool for an
                 introductory database course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "24--27",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134516",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pigford:1992:DET,
  author =       "D. V. Pigford",
  title =        "The documentation and evaluation of team-oriented
                 database projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "28--33",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134517",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper focuses on documentation and evaluation
                 techniques for monitoring and assessing team oriented
                 database projects in a senior level database course in
                 computer science. Instead of effecting documentation as
                 the last phase in traditional software development, the
                 documentation procedures are implemented as nine
                 separate staggered deliverables during the project
                 development. These deliverables are revised and
                 organized into a final documentation binder. Evaluation
                 techniques are monitored through four distinct phases:
                 Project Plan, Ongoing Documentation, Progress Report,
                 and Project Presentation (Demonstration).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Falconer:1992:BIS,
  author =       "David R. Falconer and Martin Katz",
  title =        "Building an infrastructure to support writing across
                 the computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "34--37",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134518",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes an infrastructure to support
                 efforts to improve communications skills. This
                 infrastructure is designed to support writing
                 throughout the computer science curriculum and the
                 typical deficiencies and attitudes of computer science
                 faculty and majors in the area of interpersonal
                 communications.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cote:1992:IPT,
  author =       "Vianney C{\^o}t{\'e} and Guy Custeau",
  title =        "An integrating pedagogical tool based on writing
                 articles",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "38--41",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134519",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article describes a teaching method based on the
                 writing of review or vulgarization articles by the
                 students in their fields of study. The best articles
                 are published in a magazine distributed to data
                 processing managers and practitioners. The advantages
                 of this method and a list of evaluation criteria are
                 presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bickerstaff:1992:ISW,
  author =       "Douglas D. Bickerstaff and Judith D. Kaufman",
  title =        "Improving student writing skills: inter-departmental
                 collaborations",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "42--45",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134520",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McDonald:1992:TCJ,
  author =       "Chris McDonald",
  title =        "Teaching concurrency with {Joyce} and {Linda}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "46--52",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134521",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "To overcome the difficulty of demonstrating the
                 principles of concurrency with limited parallel
                 computing resources, a concurrent programming language
                 has been designed and implemented which uses the Linda
                 parallel programming paradigm. The language executes
                 under the UNIX operating system and is supported by an
                 X-windows based viewer of programs undergoing
                 concurrent execution. This paper describes the
                 language, its compiler and execution environment and
                 experiences gained in using the language in a third
                 year undergraduate course over the last two years.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mooney:1992:CSP,
  author =       "James D. Mooney",
  title =        "A course in software portability",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "53--56",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134522",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes an experimental course on the
                 topic of software portability, and initial experience
                 in teaching this course. With the continuing
                 proliferation of both applications and computing
                 environments, the need for portability is being
                 increasingly recognized. A large proportion of the
                 software now being developed will eventually need to be
                 ported to new environments. Yet this topic is missing
                 from most computer science and software engineering
                 curricula. The course described here was designed to
                 explore practical issues in the development of portable
                 software. Lectures and discussions on portability
                 topics are combined with the ongoing development of a
                 simple software project designed to expose a variety of
                 portability problems. During the course the project is
                 ported to several environments and redesigned to
                 improve its portability. This course has been taught
                 experimentally with encouraging results. Student
                 assignments have used novel and effective methods to
                 overcome portability barriers. Feedback from student
                 indicates that they have become more aware of
                 portability issues to be considered in software
                 development, and have gained experience with system
                 interface issues in several programming environments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kiper:1992:USE,
  author =       "James Kiper and Michael J. Lutz and Henry A.
                 Etlinger",
  title =        "Undergraduate software engineering laboratories: a
                 progress report from two universities",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "57--62",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134523",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Recently, both Miami University of Ohio and the
                 Rochester Institute of Technology received NSF grants
                 to develop undergraduate software engineering
                 laboratories. While the general goals of the labs are
                 similar, specific hardware and software selections were
                 driven by differing curricular emphases and educational
                 environments at the two institutions. This paper
                 presents the distinctive characteristics of each
                 school's program, discusses the influence of these
                 features on the selection process, and describes our
                 experiences to date with the resulting labs. The goal
                 is to provide useful information guidance to others
                 considering such facilities.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Myers:1992:MSW,
  author =       "J. Paul {Myers, Jr.}",
  title =        "Men supporting women computer science students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "63--66",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134524",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "It has become clear that, for a variety of reasons,
                 women CS enrollments are declining at a
                 disproportionate rate and that the number of women ``in
                 the pipeline'' is insufficient to mentor and otherwise
                 support the development of CS interests among current
                 young women in the field. Recommendations have been
                 made for male assistance in this mentoring effort; and
                 some ideas toward this end are presented here.
                 Regrettably, in this context, it is necessary to head
                 off charges of ``patronizing'' our women students lest
                 the ideas be disregarded or trivialized.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Teague:1992:RSC,
  author =       "Joy Teague",
  title =        "Raising the self confidence and self esteem of final
                 year female students prior to job interviews",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "67--71",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134525",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Published research and anecdotal evidence suggest that
                 women may be disadvantaged when seeking employment.
                 This paper describes a one day seminar on handling job
                 interviews, conducted for female computer science
                 students at the beginning of the final year of their
                 undergraduate degree. Initial evaluations completed by
                 the participants at the time that they participated in
                 the seminar and a survey some six months later have
                 been extremely positive. It appears that, if women are
                 prepared for the interview process, they approach their
                 first interviews with greater confidence and
                 consequently are better equipped to deal with one of
                 the most vital series of interactions that will occur
                 in their lifetimes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Morris:1992:EIC,
  author =       "J. M. Morris",
  title =        "The effects of an introductory computer course on the
                 attitudes of older adults towards computers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "72--75",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134526",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An introductory computer course was offered to adults
                 60 years and older. A computer attitude survey was
                 administered before and after the course in order to
                 uncover preexisting concerns and reveal those attitudes
                 most affected by the course. Attitudes following the
                 course were marked by highly positive changes. Survey
                 results revealed that after the course the participants
                 felt better acquainted with computer terminology, less
                 left out because they are unfamiliar with computers,
                 less apprehensive about using a computer, and more
                 certain of their ability to interpret a computer
                 printout. An interaction diary maintained by each of
                 the participants revealed enthusiastic learners who
                 were eager to take more courses in the future. Contrary
                 to widely held stereotypes, many older adults view
                 computer technology favorably and can benefit from
                 acquisition of basic computer skills.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Aiken:1992:DLM,
  author =       "Robert M. Aiken and Dean Allemang and Thomas Wehrle",
  title =        "Designing laboratory modules for novices in an
                 undergraduate {AI} course track: artificial
                 intelligence",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "76--80",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134527",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A current joint project between three institutions in
                 Switzerland has as its goal to create Artificial
                 Intelligence (AI) software in teaching principles of AI
                 at the University level. The modules of this project,
                 the Portable AI Lab (PAIL), illustrate basic concepts
                 of Artificial Intelligence in a uniform and
                 self-contained manner. This paper discusses the design
                 considerations that were adopted in order to make the
                 presentation of this material easier for novice
                 students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mazlack:1992:DEE,
  author =       "Lawrence J. Mazlack and Roger A. Pick and Paul Tudor
                 and Wallace R. Wood",
  title =        "Developing expertise in expert system development by
                 developing prototypes for actual commercial
                 applications",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "81--86",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134528",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We designed and executed a course to develop expert
                 system expertise in a classroom environment. It taught
                 both the theory and practice of knowledge-based
                 systems. Teams consisted of knowledge domain experts
                 and computer experienced people. The interest was
                 training people in knowledge-base tasks and having them
                 develop commercially significant projects. The focus of
                 this paper is on what was done in the classroom to
                 provide a significant expert system development
                 experience.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Abunawass:1992:BBM,
  author =       "Adel M. Abunawass",
  title =        "Biologically based machine learning paradigms: an
                 introductory course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "87--91",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134529",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes an introductory course on
                 biologically based sub-symbolic machine learning
                 paradigms. Specifically, this paper covers Artificial
                 Neural Networks, Genetic Algorithms and Genetics-Based
                 Machine Learning. It provides the structure,
                 motivation, content, texts and tools for the course.
                 This course is suitable for an upper division
                 undergraduate level course or as an introductory
                 graduate course. The paper includes a section on
                 bibliographical references to aid the instructor in
                 preparing for this course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tam:1992:TLI,
  author =       "Wing C. Tam",
  title =        "Teaching loop invariants to beginners by examples",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "92--96",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134530",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Since the concept of a loop invariant has long been
                 recognized as the correct way to design and analyse
                 loops, it is important that its application to
                 programming be introduced to students and programmers
                 as early as possible. This paper describes how to teach
                 the use of loop invariants to reason about loops and to
                 program them correctly in introductory programming
                 courses by following a systematic set of steps coupled
                 with examples.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Berman:1992:CDC,
  author =       "A. Michael Berman",
  title =        "Class discussion by computer: a case study",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "97--101",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134531",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Baldwin:1992:USE,
  author =       "Doug Baldwin and Johannes A. G. M. Koomen",
  title =        "Using scientific experiments in early computer science
                 laboratories",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "102--106",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134532",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer science is an experimental science, in the
                 same sense that biology or physics are experimental
                 sciences. Nonetheless, lab exercises for CS1 and CS2
                 courses are almost never formal ``experiments'' as the
                 term would be understood in any other science. This
                 paper describes our experiences using formal
                 experiments in CS1 and 2 laboratories. Such exercises
                 are extremely valuable, in part because they help
                 students relate abstract concepts to concrete programs,
                 but more importantly because they lead students into
                 new areas of computing, and even new forms of
                 learning.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Astrachan:1992:FSR,
  author =       "Owen Astrachan",
  title =        "On finding a stable roommate, job, or spouse: a case
                 study crossing the boundaries of computer science
                 courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "107--112",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134533",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The use of real world problems as the basis for
                 assignments in Computer Science courses is attractive
                 for many reasons. At the same time it is difficult to
                 find such a problem that offers the same richness that
                 is found, for example, in sorting or searching. In this
                 paper a problem is presented that has many real-world
                 instances and which is pedagogically attractive at all
                 levels of Computer Science from the level of a
                 non-major's course to that of an advanced algorithms
                 course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hwang:1992:MIS,
  author =       "Betty W. Hwang and Andrew B. Whinston and Wilhelmina
                 Savenye",
  title =        "Management information systems curricula in the
                 {United States} and the {Republic of China}: a
                 comparative study",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "113--122",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134534",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The purpose of this study was to investigate and
                 compare the Management Information Systems (MIS)
                 curricula in higher education in the United States
                 (U.S.) and the Republic of China (R.O.C.). Several
                 factors that affect the MIS curricula and its
                 development in these two countries were closely
                 examined. Similarities and differences were identified
                 and compared; strengths and weaknesses were analyzed
                 and described. In particular, this study focused on the
                 undergraduate MIS programs in both countries.
                 Comparisons of the MIS programs were made concerning:
                 MIS program history, MIS program setting, admission
                 requirements and standards, graduation requirements and
                 standards, computer hardware and software facilities,
                 curriculum model adopted, required courses,
                 instructional methods, faculty profiles, student
                 profiles, and relationships with the industry. Based on
                 the findings, some recommendations for improving the
                 Chinese MIS curricula were offered.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yahya:1992:LCC,
  author =       "Adnan H. Yahya",
  title =        "Local considerations in computer science curricula
                 development",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "123--128",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134535",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tang:1992:CSS,
  author =       "L. S. Tang",
  title =        "A {CPU} scheduling simulation from structured
                 programming to object-oriented design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "129--133",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134536",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Object-oriented programming has become increasingly
                 popular in the past few years. This paper presents a
                 cpu scheduling simulation project that we feel can
                 convince students of the benefits of object-oriented
                 design and spur their interest. We will first describe
                 the project and discuss its solutions in three levels
                 of abstraction: structure programming using Pascal,
                 object-based programming using Ada, and object-oriented
                 programming using C++. We will present our experiences
                 in this assignment and explain why the object-oriented
                 design is the best approach. This paper is intended to
                 serve as a case study in an object-oriented language
                 course or a programming languages course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bellin:1992:SCO,
  author =       "David Bellin",
  title =        "A seminar course in object oriented programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "134--137",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134537",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The emerging technology of object oriented programming
                 is just beginning to be introduced into the computer
                 science curriculum. In most schools, it will be
                 introduced first at the more advanced levels, prior to
                 inclusion in introductory courses, even though the
                 object oriented paradigm may be more suitable for
                 teaching basic computer science concepts. This paper
                 contains the experiences gained teaching a seminar on
                 object oriented programming to a small group of mixed
                 graduate and undergraduate students at a school with no
                 doctoral program. The successes and difficulties faced
                 by both students and instructor are explored.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Temte:1992:CCP,
  author =       "Mark C. Temte",
  title =        "A compiler construction project for an object-oriented
                 language",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "138--141",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134538",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A non-traditional compiler construction project is
                 described for an object-oriented language modeled after
                 Smalltalk. Central issues include implementation of
                 message sending and inheritance and the relationship
                 with the run-time environment. The project offers
                 diversity and challenge and has been successfully
                 completed by small teams.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Warford:1992:GPR,
  author =       "J. S. Warford",
  title =        "Good pedagogical random number generators",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "142--146",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134539",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A CACM by Park and Miller [6] advocated a standard for
                 random number generators based on the Lehmer generator
                 [5] and criticised a number of computer science
                 textbooks for presenting bad random number generators.
                 This paper advocates the proposed standard and presents
                 a set of generators based on theoretically sound
                 principles that are also useful for microcomputer
                 implementation and classroom presentations at the
                 introductory level.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wainwright:1992:IFP,
  author =       "Roger L. Wainwright",
  title =        "Introducing functional programming in discrete
                 mathematics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "147--152",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134540",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Programming assignments in my discrete mathematics
                 course have changed recently due to an influx of
                 non-computer science students with little or no
                 programming experience. Programming problems are now
                 assigned in a simple to learn, easy to write,
                 mathematical-like functional programming language that
                 requires no previous programming experience. In theory,
                 all students begin on the same basis. Exposure to the
                 concepts of functional programming is an essential part
                 of computer science and mathematics curricula. For most
                 students this is the only exposure to functional
                 programming. Functional programming and discrete
                 mathematics are a natural combination. One week of
                 lectures and perhaps a small monetary investment is all
                 that is required. An instructor totally unfamiliar with
                 functional programming can easily learn enough in a
                 week or so to present a simple introduction to the
                 topic. Introducing functional programming concepts in
                 discrete mathematics was very successful. Students
                 found the exposure to functional programming to be an
                 insight they had never experienced before and
                 enthusiastically recommended an introduction to
                 functional programming be a permanent part of the
                 course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cigas:1992:AS,
  author =       "John F. Cigas",
  title =        "The art of the state",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "153--156",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134541",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Newsome:1992:GCS,
  author =       "Mark Newsome and Cherri M. Pancake",
  title =        "A graphical computer simulator for systems programming
                 courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "157--162",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134542",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nerheim-Wolfe:1992:PLI,
  author =       "Rosalee Nerheim-Wolfe",
  title =        "Providing a laboratory for instruction set design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "163--167",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134543",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer architecture classes do not provide students
                 with laboratory experience in the design of instruction
                 set architectures. Projects that compare designs have
                 not been possible due to a lack of support software.
                 The design and evaluation of a new instruction set
                 requires an assembler, a symbolic debugger, and a
                 statistics gatherer. Every new instruction set requires
                 changes to all three programs. It would be unrealistic
                 to expect that either students or instructor would
                 (re)write such software in order to evaluate each new
                 design. A new, flexible software package called the
                 Instruction Set Testbed (IST) provides for the
                 comparison of instruction set architectures without
                 writing any of the support software. IST's table-driven
                 assembler uses a student-supplied architecture
                 definition to assemble programs. IST's interactive
                 debugger and a statistics gatherer also have access to
                 the architecture definition. This allows symbolic
                 debugging of the assembly language programs and
                 automatic histogramming of instruction usage in the
                 student-defined architecture. IST has been used in both
                 undergraduate and graduate architecture classes to
                 investigate such topics as orthogonality, choice and
                 number of operands, addressing modes, and RISC
                 philosophy.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Neumann:1992:MDA,
  author =       "William T. Neumann and Marvin C. Woodfill",
  title =        "A multi-disciplinary approach for digital systems
                 design curricula",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "168--172",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134544",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Historically, Digital Systems Design curricula have
                 focused principally on the hardware design aspects of
                 systems development. At Arizona State University, we
                 have expanded our Digital Systems Design program to
                 include aspects of computer architecture, assembly
                 language programming, and operating systems
                 fundamentals, as well. We feel that this larger focus
                 provides the students with a comprehensive
                 understanding of the overall system development
                 process. In this paper, we discuss our philosophy and
                 examine a course sequence that incorporates this
                 multi-disciplinary approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bareiss:1992:ICU,
  author =       "Catherine C. Bareiss",
  title =        "An introductory course on the use of operating
                 systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "173--175",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134545",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One very frustrating problem that students often have
                 while working on computers is the lack of ability to do
                 productive work. They often find themselves either not
                 being able to do something or doing it in a very
                 complex way when there is a simpler or shorter way to
                 accomplish the task. This is a common experience
                 because most students do not have a structured time of
                 learning the operating system(s) on which they work.
                 This often occurs because the use of an operating
                 system is not considered an academic pursuit so that a
                 course teaching the computer science majors how to use
                 the operating system(s) is not offered. However, the
                 benefits of such a course can be great. The students
                 can find the rest of their work on computers much more
                 productive than if they had to pick up almost
                 everything on their own.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartley:1992:ELS,
  author =       "Stephen J. Hartley",
  title =        "Experience with the language {SR} in an undergraduate
                 operating systems course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "176--180",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134546",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In undergraduate operating systems classes, students
                 learn about concurrent process synchronization,
                 including such things as shared data, race conditions,
                 critical sections, mutual exclusion, semaphores,
                 monitors, and the test-and-set hardware instruction.
                 They also study interprocess communication, message
                 passing, rendezvous, and remote procedure calls.
                 Solutions to classical problems, such as the dining
                 philosophers, producers and consumers, bounded buffers,
                 and readers and writers, are presented using the above
                 concepts. However, students need to write programs in a
                 language that provides facilities for concurrent
                 programming in order to appreciate fully the above
                 concepts. This paper describes the SR language and
                 discusses its successful use as an environment for
                 concurrent programming in an undergraduate operating
                 systems class.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hughes:1992:TOS,
  author =       "Larry Hughes",
  title =        "Teaching operating systems using {Turbo C}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "181--186",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134547",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Operating systems are an example of a subject that,
                 given the right tools, can be taught in a practical
                 manner, allowing students to understand, and hence
                 appreciate, the internal workings of commercial
                 operating systems such as VMS, Unix, or VM. Not
                 surprisingly, the tools needed in an operating systems
                 course are, at a minimum, a hardware testbed and a
                 programming language into which algorithms can be
                 translated. This paper describes how many of the
                 salient points concerning operating systems can be
                 covered in a practical manner using the PC and Turbo
                 C.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Meredith:1992:IPC,
  author =       "Marsha J. Meredith",
  title =        "Introducing parallel computing into the undergraduate
                 computer science curriculum: a progress report",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "187--191",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134548",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reid:1992:LBC,
  author =       "Richard J. Reid",
  title =        "A laboratory for building computers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "192--196",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134549",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A workstation laboratory allows undergraduate students
                 to build complete, functioning computers--in
                 simulation. The simulation extends down to the gate and
                 signal levels, with effective modeling of delays and
                 transitions, so reasonable assurance of the validity of
                 the designs can be obtained. The computers constructed
                 in this laboratory are complete with peripheral
                 equipment including tapes and disks, and the students
                 furnish a rudimentary operating system. The student
                 operating-systems receive executable binary objects on
                 the tapes, transfer them to the disk, and initiate
                 their execution. The executable objects and the
                 operating system are produced by a standard C compiler.
                 Students must limit their C-language source code and
                 data types used so the compile binaries will be
                 executable on the 16-bit wide, Motorola 680X0-like
                 computer they construct. The computers are constructed
                 in an hierarchical manner from the gates and
                 medium-scale components available in the digital
                 simulator used in this laboratory.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Magee:1992:ICD,
  author =       "Michael Magee and Sue Englert",
  title =        "An interdisciplinary course in digital image
                 processing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "197--201",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134550",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper documents the development and first
                 offering of an interdisciplinary undergraduate course
                 in Digital Image Processing at the University of
                 Wyoming. The course itself was designed to serve majors
                 from a wide range of academic disciplines, although in
                 its initial offering, it was attended mainly by
                 students majoring in Computre Science and Electrical
                 Engineering. National Foundation funding for equipment
                 for the course was used to purchase a high speed image
                 processing system and six state-of-the-art graphics
                 workstations with software that supported basic and
                 intermediate level image processing operations.
                 Students in the course were required to perform a
                 standard set of image processing sequences such as
                 histogramming and histogram equalization, edge
                 detection and evaluation, image smoothing, region
                 growing, Fourier filtering, and image warping. Each
                 student, in consultation with the instructor, then
                 pursued a specific topic in image processing which
                 involved either combining several image processing
                 operations to produce a desired result or developing
                 special code to implement image processing algorithms
                 that were discussed in the text but not included in the
                 provided software. The nature of the course and its
                 impact on education at the University of Wyoming is
                 discussed in the paper that follows.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kaminski:1992:IFP,
  author =       "D. M. Kaminski",
  title =        "Introducing the fuzzy paradigm using {Prolog}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "202--206",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134551",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This artificial intelligence project introduces
                 students to an alternative to the traditional ``crisp''
                 paradigm of computer science through the use of fuzzy
                 sets and linguistic variables for modeling natural
                 language expressions. A fuzzy/linguistic meta-language
                 is built on Prolog. This helps them to explore some of
                 the problems encountered in the human/computer
                 interface of bridging the fuzzy, imprecise symbolic
                 world of natural language and the computer's crisp,
                 numeric world.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kurtz:1992:USG,
  author =       "B. L. Kurtz and J. B. Johnston",
  title =        "Using the Synthesizer-Generator to teach principles of
                 programming language semantics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "207--212",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134552",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Synthesizer-Generator (or simply Syn-Gen) is a
                 software tool for building context sensitive editors.
                 It has been applied to a wide variety of applications,
                 ranging from programming language editors to editors
                 that insure balanced chemical equations. The context
                 sensitivity is provided by using attribute grammars. We
                 provide an introduction to Syn-Gen and illustrate how
                 it can be used to build programming language editors
                 that only allow input of source code that compiles
                 successfully. We then discuss use of Syn-Gen in two
                 classes: --- the study of attribute grammars in a
                 graduate course on the formal specification of
                 programming languages; in this course students
                 completed a lab exercise dealing with the
                 implementation of a context sensitive editor for a mini
                 programming language. --- the study of operational
                 semantics in a junior level course; students used an
                 editor implemented with Syn-Gen to study programming
                 language translation and also completed an assignment
                 to implement a very small piece of this editor dealing
                 with the resolution of label numbers at the assembly
                 language level. We found that assignments involving the
                 details of Syn-Gen implementation were challenging due
                 to the syntactic complexity of the Syn-Gen system. For
                 such assignments to be successful, it was necessary to
                 keep a tight rein on this complexity. Using Syn-Gen as
                 a context sensitive editor without worrying about
                 implementation was quite successful. In the future, we
                 plan to explore the use of Syn-Gen to develop editors
                 for mini-languages to help teach introductory students
                 about the various programming paradigms: imperative,
                 functional and logical.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{King:1992:EPL,
  author =       "K. N. King",
  title =        "The evolution of the programming languages course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "213--219",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134553",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper examines the past, present, and future of
                 the programming languages course as reflected by its
                 textbooks.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clancy:1992:CSC,
  author =       "M. J. Clancy and M. C. Linn",
  title =        "Case studies in the classroom",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "220--224",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134554",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We and others have created case studies to engage
                 students in the process of designing solutions to
                 complex programming problems. Case studies involve
                 learners in activities of expert programmers such as
                 identifying decisions, justifying choices among
                 alternatives, and evaluating the consequences of these
                 choices. Case studies improve computer programming
                 courses by emphasizing the process rather than the
                 product of problem solving. This paper describes
                 specific uses of case studies in freshman and
                 sophomore-level courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brewer:1992:PA,
  author =       "R. K. Brewer",
  title =        "Down with polynomial addition!",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "225--229",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134555",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberge:1992:CPP,
  author =       "James Roberg{\'e}",
  title =        "Creating programming projects with visual impact",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "230--234",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134556",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One of the challenges facing educators in computer
                 science is to develop programming projects which not
                 only engage students intellectually, but which also
                 excite and motivate them. Given the highly visual
                 orientation of today's students, if is important that
                 we consider not only the conceptual underpinnings of
                 our programming projects, but also their visual impact.
                 This paper focuses upon a set of programming projects
                 which use the traditional elements from a data
                 structures course to produce visually engaging
                 applications.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Taylor:1992:INA,
  author =       "Harriet G. Taylor and C. Dianne Martin",
  title =        "The impact of new accreditation and certification
                 standards for secondary computer science teachers on
                 university computer science departments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "235--239",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134557",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The establishment of accreditation and certification
                 standards for secondary computer science teachers has
                 been taking place over the past 5 years. The ACM has
                 taken the lead in developing certification standards
                 for adoption by states and the International Society
                 for Technology in Education (ISTE) has taken the lead
                 in developing national accreditation standards for
                 teacher preparation programs through affiliation with
                 NCATE, the accrediting body for professional education
                 units in the USA. The impact of institutionalizing
                 these new standards is discussed, and the role that
                 university computer science departments should now take
                 in the teacher preparation process is described.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cohen:1992:GHS,
  author =       "M. Cohen and M. Foster and D. Kratzer and P. Malone
                 and A. Solem",
  title =        "Get high school students hooked on science with a
                 challenge",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "240--245",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134558",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Skilled scientists and engineers along with a public
                 that understands science and technology are vital in
                 today's technically competitive world. The United
                 States must encourage its students to study and excel
                 in scientific academic subjects and consider science
                 and engineering as a possible career. An academic
                 program that progresses from a statewide to a national
                 competition is a way of developing science and
                 computing knowledge among high school students and
                 teachers, as well as instilling enthusiasm for science.
                 This paper describes the new Mexico High School
                 Supercomputing Challenge, a nonselective academic-year
                 long program that was initiated in 1990. Teams of high
                 school students from throughout New Mexico do a team
                 computational science project using high performance
                 computers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartfield:1992:LHD,
  author =       "B. Hartfield and Terry Winograd and John Bennett",
  title =        "Learning {HCI} design: mentoring project groups in a
                 course on human-computer interaction",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "246--251",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134559",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe the role of mentors in an experimental
                 course on human-computer interaction (HCI) taught in
                 the Computer Science Department at Stanford University
                 for the past two years. Students practice design within
                 the course by collaborating in small groups on 12-week
                 projects, in which they analyze a work environment,
                 design and implement a prototype user interface, and
                 evaluate the prototype with project clients. As part of
                 our experiment in providing contact with the world of
                 practical design, we invited people from local industry
                 to serve as mentors for the student groups. These
                 unpaid volunteers have been important adjuncts in
                 guiding students as they developed their HCI projects.
                 We discuss: the background for the projects; the role
                 of mentors in the learning process; what is required of
                 mentors and what benefits they get; how to support the
                 mentoring process; and what we have learned from the
                 experience so far. We consider mentors to be a critical
                 part of the design project within the course, and we
                 welcome a sharing of experience with other people who
                 may have developed similar courses where mentors played
                 an important role.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kay:1992:CCL,
  author =       "D. G. Kay",
  title =        "A course in computer law",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "252--254",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134560",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe a course for computer science students
                 that covers the legal issues that apply to computing,
                 from intellectual property protection to liability for
                 system failures to computer crime.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wolfe:1992:RSP,
  author =       "J. L. Wolfe",
  title =        "Reviving systems programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "255--258",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134561",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes how a systems programming course,
                 which was losing popularity with students and which no
                 longer fit into the curriculum, was revised so that it
                 made a contribution to the overall program. The
                 principal changes were to replace a large, well-worn
                 project with a collection of small challenges and to
                 alter radically the content, presentation, support, and
                 grading of these challenges (in comparison to typical
                 assignments). The resulting course amalgamates
                 traditional systems programming and systems programming
                 as it is done on the job.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Osborne:1992:ATT,
  author =       "M. Osborne",
  title =        "{APPGEN}: a tool for teaching systems analysis and
                 design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "259--263",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134562",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "APPGEN is a program which generates information
                 systems. It is easy to use and powerful and runs on a
                 VAX under VMS. It has been used with success in senior
                 level courses on systems analysis and design. Using
                 APPGEN, students are able to analyze and design systems
                 of realistic size and still have time to implement
                 them. Implementations give students important feedback
                 about their designs and give additional focus to a
                 class on systems analysis and design. Students get
                 satisfaction from actually creating a working system.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1992:LDS,
  author =       "D. K. Walker and H. Chahryar and J. Chaudri and A.
                 Lodgher and E. Majdalani and David S. Tucker",
  title =        "Lectureroom demonstration of serial data
                 communications",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "264--267",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134563",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Some important concepts in serial data communications
                 may be demonstrated ``live'' in the lectureroom using a
                 PC equipped with video projector, analog input board,
                 and pickup circuitry. The apparatus displays the
                 wave-shape of the serial signal, along with characters
                 sent or received. It has proven useful for ``seeing''
                 the signal and for exploring hardware/software
                 settings, cable type, cable length and other
                 characteristics of a serial interface./",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wise:1992:DSS,
  author =       "M. J. Wise",
  title =        "Detection of similarities in student programs:
                 {YAP'ing} may be preferable to plague'ing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "268--271",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134564",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "It has argued that systems for detecting similarities
                 in submitted programs must be based on the analysis of
                 program structure. One such system is ``Plague''. In
                 this paper, some difficulties with the Plague system
                 are outlined and a new system is described that
                 achieves the same goals as Plague, but in a way that is
                 both more portable and more easily customized to new
                 target languages.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dorf:1992:BRW,
  author =       "M. L. Dorf",
  title =        "Backtracking the rat way",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "272--275",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134565",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Feldman:1992:PDP,
  author =       "M. B. Feldman",
  title =        "The portable dining philosophers: a movable feast of
                 concurrency and software engineering",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "276--280",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134566",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{John:1992:IPC,
  author =       "D. J. John",
  title =        "Integration of parallel computation into introductory
                 computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "281--285",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134567",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Luque:1992:QAT,
  author =       "E. Luque and R. Suppi and J. Sorribes",
  title =        "A quantitative approach for teaching parallel
                 computing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "286--298",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134568",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Parallel computing teaching has an important
                 difficulty, there are few tools to directly learn the
                 behavior of the parallel algorithms and the parallel
                 architectures. Normally the student is formed to think
                 in sequential algorithms running in sequential
                 machines. We present PSEE, a tool to reduce the gap
                 between the basic concepts and its utilization. PSEE is
                 an integrated and interactive graphic environment which
                 allows to simulate and evaluate the performance of
                 parallel algorithms in parallel architectures. PSEE
                 permits to manage the main characteristic parameters
                 involved in the system in order to show the tuning
                 grade of the algorithm/architecture couple. PSEE
                 includes a graphic editor for algorithms and
                 architectures in modelled form, an interactive
                 simulator to run (simulate) the algorithm on the
                 architecture and a performance evaluation instrument.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schweitzer:1992:DIV,
  author =       "D. Schweitzer",
  title =        "Designing interactive visualization tools for the
                 graphics classroom",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "299--303",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134569",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Student comprehension of the concepts and algorithms
                 in computer graphics requires a thorough visual
                 understanding of the processes involved. To assist this
                 understanding in the computer graphics course at the
                 Air Force Academy, a set of interactive visualization
                 programs were created for classroom use. These programs
                 demonstrate key graphic concepts using various visual
                 metaphors. The process of creating and using these
                 tools in the classroom highlighted several design
                 guidelines when creating classroom visualization tools.
                 This paper describes these design guidelines, and the
                 way in which the tools are used in the classroom to
                 support lecture material. The paper concludes with our
                 experience using these tools and future plans.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Owen:1992:TCG,
  author =       "G. Scott Owen",
  title =        "Teaching computer graphics using {RenderMan}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "304--308",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134570",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A computer graphics course is extremely hardware
                 system dependent, even more than most computer science
                 courses. To produce high quality graphics images
                 requires a high resolution system with extensive color
                 capability and a fast cpu. Fortunately, the computer
                 graphics capabilities of inexpensive systems have
                 continued to increase. As this trend continues we need
                 to consider changing the way we teach our computer
                 graphics courses. In this paper I discuss a major shift
                 in my teaching methods in the past year. Whereas,
                 previously my students developed their own programs to
                 create images, I have switched to the use of the Pixar
                 RenderMan graphics package in the second graphics
                 course and use it at the end of the first graphics
                 course. I will discuss the rational for this change,
                 mine and the students' experiences with it, and future
                 planned modifications of the courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fisher:1992:TEP,
  author =       "Allan L. Fisher and Thomas R. Gross",
  title =        "Teaching Empirical Performance Analysis of Parallel
                 Programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "309--313",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/134510.134571;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/135250.134571",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-468-6",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-468-0",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:17 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1992.html#FisherG92;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  note =         "The Papers of the Twenty-Third SIGCSE Technical
                 Symposium on Computer Science Education",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1992.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Parallel/benchmark.bib",
  abstract =     "Performance is a central issue in parallel computing.
                 In this paper, we describe our approach to teaching
                 advanced undergraduates and graduate students about the
                 fundamentals of measuring and analyzing the performance
                 of programs running on a variety of parallel machines.
                 This approach can be applied to virtually any type of
                 parallel machine, as well as to parallel program
                 simulators. Although performance analysis can serve
                 many purposes, we focus on the needs of the parallel
                 programmer: understanding the behavior of algorithms
                 and programs, and making informed choices among them.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Harris:1992:RDC,
  author =       "William C. Harris and Leon P. Johnson",
  title =        "Redesign of an {A.S.} degree in computer science to
                 meet emerging national standards",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "2--6",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/130962.130963",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:19 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The state of science and technical education is at a
                 crucial juncture in our nation. In order to address
                 this issue, the Division of Natural Sciences and
                 Mathematics felt the need to incorporate recent
                 technological developments into its Computer Science
                 program. A conceptual framework for the revision and
                 the resulting A.S. degree in Computer Science Program
                 with a Telecommunications option are presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mayerhofer:1992:DAS,
  author =       "M{\'a}rio Andr{\'e} Mayerhofer and Carlos Jos{\'e}
                 Pereira de Lucena",
  title =        "Design of an algorithm simulation and animation
                 environment {(ASA)}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "7--14",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/130962.130964",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:19 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper proposes a computer based environment to
                 aid in teaching algorithms. The environment is called
                 ASA (Algorithm Simulator and Animator) and it is being
                 developed for SENAC, a Brazilian company, associated to
                 Brazilian National Commerce Confederation, responsible
                 for technical education. The text discusses
                 difficulties in teaching algorithms and suggests the
                 computer as a tool capable of decreasing existing
                 learning barriers. In this context we present the goal
                 of the ASA project. We review other on going projects
                 also oriented towards teaching about algorithms through
                 computers which bear some influence on our work. In
                 sequence, we present the ASA system's architecture. The
                 system's three modules are described as: Algorithm
                 Presentor, Animator (Data Animator and Code Animator)
                 and Constructor. The experience gained in implementing
                 the prototype is reported. Difficulties encountered and
                 even implementation details are also reported. The
                 experience provides insights for the project's future
                 directions. We end by discussing the main research
                 areas in operation, that are results from the
                 experience gained.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shiflet:1992:PPC,
  author =       "Angela B. Shiflet",
  title =        "The publication process for computer science
                 textbooks",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "15--19",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/130962.130965",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:19 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Piotrowski:1992:TIE,
  author =       "Jerzy A. Piotrowski",
  title =        "Translation --- an introductory exercise",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "20--28",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/130962.130966",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:19 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The paper presents a case for using the functional
                 language Miranda$^{{\& }dagger; }$ as a tool in
                 building simple models used in undergraduate Computer
                 Science and Computer Engineering classes. Lexical
                 analysis, parsing and generation of code are described
                 by functions. However, only parsing is presented here
                 with some detail, while two other phases are outlined.
                 Some laboratory experiments suggested for students are
                 also included.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rout:1992:CQS,
  author =       "T. P. Rout",
  title =        "The culture of quality and software engineering
                 education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "29--34",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/130962.130967",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:19 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "It is clear that both internal and external pressures
                 within the software development industry will require a
                 much greater focus on effective quality management. The
                 reasons for the slow acceptance of proven quality
                 techniques are canvassed, and it is suggested that
                 cultural obstacles to their use are developed and
                 reinforced through the educational process. Some
                 principles for overcoming the problem are proposed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Plouzeau:1992:ECD,
  author =       "N. Plouzeau and M. Raynal",
  title =        "Elements for a course on the design of distributed
                 algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "35--40",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/130962.130968",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:19 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Sequential algorithms design and operating system
                 principles have always been fundamental courses in any
                 computer science curriculum. Protocols are now a well
                 established discipline, and parallelism and concurrency
                 issues are becoming more and more popular in academic
                 courses. Along these guidelines distributed algorithms
                 have now emerged as a proper topic of computer science;
                 studying them demands some prerequisite on algorithms,
                 parallelism and protocols but they cannot themselves be
                 reduced to these three domains. In this paper we
                 present elements for a course on the design of
                 distributed algorithms performing common operating
                 system services. The fundamental aspects of this course
                 lie in teaching the students that no global state can
                 be instantaneously caught because of the asynchronism
                 of the processes and message transmission delays. We
                 state basis problems addressed during the lecture
                 (mutual exclusion, rendezvous implementation, snapshot
                 computation, network traversals and distributed
                 evaluation of predicates) and present how students are
                 faced with distributed problems in practical classes,
                 using a distributed memory parallel machine to
                 implement their solutions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Elsworth:1992:MCW,
  author =       "E. F. Elsworth",
  title =        "The {MSL} compiler writing project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "41--44",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/130962.130969",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:19 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gibson:1992:PPP,
  author =       "David E. Gibson",
  title =        "A {Pythagorean} problem as a programming exercise",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "45--47",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/130962.130970",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:19 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hannay:1992:HAS,
  author =       "David G. Hannay",
  title =        "Hypercard automata simulation: finite-state, pushdown
                 and {Turing} machines",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "55--58",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/130962.130971",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:19 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a package of highly interactive
                 simulation models for the concepts taught in Theory of
                 Computing courses. Macintosh Hypercard stacks are used
                 to demonstrate the three basic automata models:
                 Finite-State Machines, Push-Down Machines, and Turing
                 Machines. These simulations feature multiple named
                 machines on the same stack, accessible via a customized
                 menu or buttons on the screen. Because of the scripts
                 hidden behind the visible screen, with just a click of
                 a button students can alter starting states, the set of
                 input symbols, the number of states, the finality of
                 states, or the action based on a given state/input
                 combination. These simulations have been successfully
                 used in conjunction with a course on the Theory of
                 Computing at Union College since 1989. Students have
                 responded enthusiastically to this concrete method of
                 teaching abstract concepts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Prather:1992:CSU,
  author =       "Ronald E. Prather",
  title =        "Computer science in an undergraduate liberal arts and
                 sciences setting",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "59--64",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/130962.130972",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:19 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this article, we intend to establish a collegial
                 meeting ground among faculty and administrators for a
                 broad discussion of the role of computer science in an
                 undergraduate liberal arts and sciences university. And
                 both groups are in mind as the potential audience. As
                 our title suggests, we are specifically excluding from
                 consideration those schools having significant graduate
                 degree programs, though some of our observations may be
                 appropriate there as well. And we are thinking
                 primarily of the high-quality liberal arts and sciences
                 institutions, or at least of those who aspire to be so
                 designated, where a primary emphasis is placed on
                 preparing students for graduate work at the major
                 universities. In this restricted setting, questions
                 arise for administrators that transcend the narrow
                 parochial characterizations of the field of computer
                 science, those framed by its practitioners and
                 generally recognized authorities (usually found at the
                 larger research universities). How well does computer
                 science fit with the classical liberal arts and
                 sciences tradition, and with the ``mission'' as a
                 whole? Do we already have enough ``computer expertise''
                 around the campus, without initiating or maintaining a
                 separate department? Can we afford it? Is it time to
                 dismantle it or merge it with another department?
                 Otherwise, is it in need of serious revision? One may
                 judge from this line of questioning that we intend to
                 give an equal consideration to those computer science
                 programs that are ``starting up'' and those that are
                 thinking about ``starting over.''",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hosny:1992:MPI,
  author =       "H. M. Hosny and M. S. Akabawy and T. G. Gough",
  title =        "Manpower profiling for information technology: a case
                 study",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "1--10",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142045",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Information Technology (IT) is finding its way rather
                 too quickly into the job markets in the developing
                 countries. There is a growing demand for IT trained
                 staff but no specific dimensions have been provided for
                 the types of graduates needed in the local marketplace.
                 A survey has been carried out of a wide cross section
                 of IT employers in Egypt, as a typical example of a
                 developing country with great potential for
                 technological advancement. The objective of the survey
                 was to identify the employers' present employment
                 patterns as well as their needs for trained personnel
                 in the IT field, at present and in the near future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Julstrom:1992:SSW,
  author =       "Bryant A. Julstrom",
  title =        "Slow sorting: a whimsical inquiry",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "11--13",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142050",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Sorting is one of the most common and important
                 computing operations. In analyzing and comparing
                 sorting algorithms, we consider their execution times,
                 as indicated by the number of operations they execute
                 as they sort n elements. The simplest algorithms have
                 times that grow approximately as n$^2$, while more
                 complex algorithms offer times that grow approximately
                 as n log n. This paper pursues a contrary goal: a
                 sorting algorithm whose time grows more quickly than
                 that of the well-known algorithms. The paper exhibits
                 and analyzes such an algorithm.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bishop-Clark:1992:PAN,
  author =       "Catherine Bishop-Clark",
  title =        "Protocol analysis of a novice programmer",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "14--18",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142052",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This study examined the problem solving of a novice
                 programmer writing a first draft of an elementary
                 computer program. The latter stages of entering and
                 debugging the program were not part of the analysis. A
                 detailed analysis of the tape-recorded protocol
                 confirmed the major themes of the research on novice
                 problem solving. Some characteristics specific to
                 programming were also identified. In particular, the
                 subject emphasized the syntax of the language, showed
                 little advanced planning, and organized her programming
                 information in the order it had been presented in
                 class. There were distinct phases of (a) understanding
                 the problem, (b) devising a plan, and (c) carrying out
                 the plan. There was also evidence of both positive and
                 negative transfer from what the student had previously
                 learned in class. A number of practical guidelines for
                 teaching novices to program emerged from the analysis
                 and the literature.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{VanMeer:1992:ISA,
  author =       "Gretchen L. {Van Meer} and Charles D. Sigwart",
  title =        "Introducing students to adaptive computer devices: for
                 compliance with the {Americans with Disabilities Act of
                 1990}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "19--23",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142055",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kearsley:1992:TIS,
  author =       "Greg Kearsley and Rachelle Heller",
  title =        "Teaching instructional software design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "24--28",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142059",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article describes our approach to teaching
                 graduate students in education and computer science
                 about the design of instructional software. The course
                 is taught by instructional television (ITV) and
                 involves the use of a computer bulletin board system.
                 Students complete software projects using a variety of
                 commercial authoring tools. Student reactions to the
                 nature of the course are described as well as lessons
                 learned.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goh:1992:OSP,
  author =       "Angela Goh",
  title =        "An operating systems project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "29--34",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142062",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An operating systems project which is part of an
                 introductory course in operating systems is described.
                 The project, which emphasizes on process management
                 within operating systems, was implemented on the
                 Motorola 68000 Single Computer Board. In order to
                 complete the work, the students were required to
                 integrate knowledge gained from other courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kitchen:1992:GPT,
  author =       "Andrew T. Kitchen and Nan C. Schaller and Paul T.
                 Tymann",
  title =        "Game playing as a technique for teaching parallel
                 computing concepts",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "35--38",
  month =        Sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142064",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Ai/minimax.bib",
  abstract =     "Blackboard tracing of algorithms, while an effective
                 tool for the teaching of sequential programming, is
                 singularly ineffective and confusing when applied to
                 parallel computing. The use of classroom games to
                 illustrate concepts and pathologies proves to be a
                 useful alternative technique. Games in which students
                 play the role of processors can be used to illustrate
                 simple parallel algorithms as well as more complex
                 concepts. Live demonstrations are stimulating for both
                 the participants and the class as a whole. This paper
                 discusses guidelines regarding the development of such
                 exercises and presents several examples.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lambert:1992:AOC,
  author =       "Kenneth A. Lambert",
  title =        "An {ALGOL} object code interpreter in Scheme",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "39--44",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142068",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hilzer:1992:CS,
  author =       "Ralph C. {Hilzer, Jr.}",
  title =        "Concurrency with semaphores",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "45--50",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142071",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Concurrency is introduced in most operating systems
                 textbooks, but usually, only the basics of
                 synchronization and mutual exclusion are presented. The
                 more complicated examples are invariably canned code
                 such as the producer/consumer or readers/writers
                 problems. This paper explores semaphores at an
                 intermediate level by using them to coordinate the
                 activities of a barbershop. The obstacles encountered
                 when attempting to provide tailored access to
                 barbershop resources are similar to those encountered
                 in a real operating system.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Krone:1992:SDM,
  author =       "Joan Krone",
  title =        "Student designed machines for a theory of computation
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "51--52",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142075",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Most Computer Science faculty members look forward to
                 teaching a course in Theory of Computation. However,
                 there is usually concern over how well students are
                 able to understand Turing's thesis, Church's thesis,
                 and the relationship between them with only one
                 semester of concentration on details of a particular
                 textbook. This paper describes how students in the
                 Theory of Computation Course at Denison University
                 designed their own theoretic machines and showed how
                 those machines could be used to solve example problems,
                 hopefully achieving an understanding of the theses by
                 Church and Turing as a result of developing the
                 technical details necessary in describing their
                 machines.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Trono:1992:UPC,
  author =       "John A. Trono",
  title =        "An Undergraduate Project to Compute Minimal Perfect
                 Hashing Functions",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "53--56",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142077",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/hash.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Some heuristics for computing the character weights in
                 a Cichelli-style, minimal perfect hashing function are
                 given. These ideas should perform best when applied to
                 relatively small, static sets of character strings and
                 they can be used as the foundation for a large
                 programming assignment. An example using the names of
                 the fifty United States is given to illustrate how the
                 weights are determined.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Foley:1992:MSC,
  author =       "Dave Foley",
  title =        "Microcode simulation in the computer architecture
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "57--59",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142080",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "There is no doubt that the most difficult topic to
                 teach in a Computer Architecture and Organization
                 course is microprogramming. In this paper the author
                 describes a Pascal programming project in which the
                 students write a simulator for a microprogram. The
                 project has been assigned several times with very
                 satisfying results for both the instructor and the
                 students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Withers:1992:EOS,
  author =       "James M. Withers and Mark B. Bilodeau",
  title =        "An examination of operating systems laboratory
                 techniques",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "60--64",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/142040.142083",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Students majoring in computer science at the United
                 States Military Academy (USMA) must take a course in
                 operating systems. In this course the students complete
                 a series of laboratory projects to learn the basic
                 concepts of modern computer operating systems. During
                 the last three semesters, our operating system
                 laboratory scheme evolved (1) from having the students
                 master a series of separate, unconnected projects (2)
                 to modifying an existing operating system simulation
                 (3) to finally having them completely build an
                 operating system. This article will discuss each
                 approach, its strengths and weaknesses and the
                 rationale for changing to our current program.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dale:1992:RSM,
  author =       "Nell Dale",
  title =        "Results of {SIGCSE} membership survey",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "1--6",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/141837.141838",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "SIGCSE is alive and well, as evidenced by the fact
                 that 445 of you took the time to fill out the six-page
                 questionnaire mailed out to the approximately 2600
                 SIGCSE members in early January. Those of you who were
                 at the Technical Symposium in Kansas City heard me
                 summarize the responses. Here is a hard copy of the
                 results, including additional responses received after
                 the Symposium. I will group the responses into three
                 categories: Who are we? How do we rate current
                 services? and Where should we be going? In closing, I
                 will discuss comments from the free response section of
                 the questionnaire and pose a challenge to educational
                 researchers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Curl:1992:WAP,
  author =       "L. A. Curl",
  title =        "Writing about programming in {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "7--10",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/141837.141840",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Students in CS1 were assigned to groups that met
                 during class time to study one member's work on one
                 complex programming problem. When the program was
                 complete, each student wrote a paper describing various
                 aspects of the program. The class response to the
                 writing project was varied and intense.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Epp:1992:YAA,
  author =       "Ed C. Epp",
  title =        "Yet another analysis of algorithms laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "11--14",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/141837.141842",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Laboratory assignments can reinforce material given in
                 lecture by making it come alive in practice. A prime
                 example is the time complexity of algorithms. However,
                 laboratories that confirm the time complexity of
                 algorithms can be tedious exercises that do not really
                 challenge a student to think about the algorithms they
                 are testing. By giving students a set of unknown
                 executables, the laboratory becomes more of a detective
                 problem. Students are required to apply what they know
                 about the sort algorithms so that they can identify
                 them.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Berry:1992:SPC,
  author =       "Michael W. Berry",
  title =        "Simulating procurement in the classroom",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "15--19",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/141837.141844",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The process known as procurement is commonly used by
                 academia, industry, and government to acquire the most
                 suitable computer system for their particular working
                 environments. The challenge is to purchase machines
                 yielding the desired performance given certain
                 constraints in funding. The guidelines used in the
                 acquisition of equipment can vary from customer to
                 customer. Similarly, the demonstration of machine
                 performance by computer vendors may differ according to
                 the market type and share they control. In this paper,
                 we describe a project from a recent graduate course on
                 Performance Evaluation within the Department of
                 Computer Science at the University of Tennessee,
                 Knoxville, concerning a simulation of the procurement
                 process by studying the interactions between computer
                 vendors and the scientific community (academia,
                 industry, and government). The goals of this project
                 were: (i) to define and interpret the scientific
                 methods used by customers to acquire their equipment,
                 (ii) to equate computational work with machine
                 performance and make cost-effective purchases, (iii) to
                 select appropriate hardware/software for customer's
                 needs, (iv) to determine effective methods of
                 performance presentation, and (v) to investigate the
                 psychology of vendor-customer relations within a
                 scientific computing environment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Danilowicz:1992:AC,
  author =       "Ronald L. Danilowicz",
  title =        "{Alice in Computerland}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "20--26",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/141837.141846",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Benham:1992:GAP,
  author =       "James W. Benham",
  title =        "A geometric approach to presenting computer
                 representations of integers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "27--28",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/141837.141848",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The student's first serious exposure to computer
                 arithmetic typically occurs in a sophomore course in
                 machine architecture or assembler language. A glance at
                 several excellent and widely used texts for these
                 courses (for example [M], [Sh], [St], [T]) shows that
                 this material is often presented as an unmotivated set
                 of mechanical rules to, for example, add numbers using
                 one's complement notation or compute the two's
                 complement representation of a negative integer. This
                 paper describes a way to motivate these topics by
                 relating them to the computer's ``natural''
                 arithmetic.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brown:1992:CLG,
  author =       "David T. Brown",
  title =        "{CS 1} labs: goals and expectations",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "29--34",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/141837.141850",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Taylor:1992:DAI,
  author =       "Pamela A. Taylor and Dana L. Wyatt",
  title =        "Database and artificial intelligence integration: a
                 challenge to academia",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "35--42",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/141837.141851",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Database (DB) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) courses
                 have been long-standing offerings in computer science
                 curriculums. Due to the present-day need for
                 ``intelligent'' databases and ``knowledge-base''
                 management systems, the technologies of database and
                 artificial intelligence are increasingly being
                 integrated in research. Academia can give recognition
                 to this important movement toward integration. An
                 approach to teaching database and artificial
                 intelligence concepts emphasizing their capabilities,
                 limitations, and the need for integrating their
                 technologies is proposed. An introduction gives a brief
                 history of past and current practices. Reasons why the
                 current routine should be modified are discussed.
                 State-of-the-art information concerning current
                 research in this area is presented, and finally, a
                 course outline is suggested.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Osborne:1992:TCU,
  author =       "Lawrence Osborne",
  title =        "Teaching {C} with {UNIX} for college credit to
                 professional programmers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "43--48",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/141837.141852",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper addresses the problem of introducing the
                 UNIX operating system and the C language to
                 professional programmers and system analysts who have
                 had little or no experience with either UNIX or C.
                 Workshops given to industrial employees ordinarily last
                 for no more than a few consecutive days and offer no
                 college credit. In contrast, the course described in
                 this paper required approximately nine days, spread
                 over a three week period, and the students earned three
                 hours of undergraduate credit towards a degree in
                 computer science. A detailed breakdown of the contents
                 of the lectures is given, and examples of the
                 programming exercises done in the laboratory component
                 of the course are presented. Observations on the
                 effectiveness of the approach and suggestions for
                 future improvements in the course are offered in the
                 final section of the paper.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fuller:1992:MSA,
  author =       "Roy Fuller",
  title =        "Microcode simulator for {Apple Macintosh}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "49--51",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/141837.141854",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "No fewer than three microcode simulators have been
                 described in this bulletin since 1987. Carlson's [1]
                 runs on an IBM mainframe, Donaldson's [3] on DOS
                 machines and Dunworth's [4] on DOS or Unix machines.
                 All have a traditional textual interface. We wanted a
                 visual interface that would display a circuit diagram
                 (figure 1) and let a user follow the execution of a
                 microprogram by watching the action of the gates. The
                 first version became operational in the fall of 1990
                 and has survived two academic years of use by
                 undergraduates. Microcode has traditionally been
                 written using an obtuse mnemonic with such instructions
                 as ``a=7, b=3, ab, add, ramf, mar=y''. We did not want
                 students to have to contend with that kind of syntax,
                 so our users write microcode by responding to a series
                 of dialogs. The user makes a choice either by the
                 ``point and click'' technique or by typing a keystroke
                 equivalent. For example, the keystroke corresponding to
                 the addition operation is ``+''.When the input \#1
                 dialog comes up, the user can put register 7 on input
                 bus ``a'' by typing ``7''. Keystrokes are buffered,
                 allowing ``power programmers'' to type as fast as they
                 wish. The dialogs can keep up with most programmers on
                 any of the various Mac-II models. Even on the slower
                 Mac SE, the standard sequence of eight dialogues can be
                 completed in approximately four seconds, which is
                 considerably less time than it takes to flawlessly type
                 ``a=7, b=3, ab, add, ramf, mar=y''. After two years of
                 field testing, several improvements suggested by
                 students have been incorporated into the editor.
                 Students, with the exceptions of a few intransigent DOS
                 zealots, are now generally satisfied with the operation
                 of the microcode editor.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rosel:1992:IFS,
  author =       "Andreas R{\"o}sel and Paul Bailes",
  title =        "Identifying foundations of software engineering
                 expertise",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "24",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "52--64",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/141837.141855",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The importance of software development expertise to
                 our society and likewise the importance of education in
                 this field are self-evident. At the same time it is
                 undisputed that software development at the
                 professional level is a complex activity. It must be
                 presumed that the make-up of expertise required to
                 successfully complete such activities will itself be
                 non-simple, deserving of our attention. A hierarchical
                 view of professional expertise is presented and a
                 method for determining the fundamental principles
                 making up lasting expertise is systematically derived.
                 The method is applied to determine principles of
                 software engineering expertise. The view presented
                 provides a step towards a well founded understanding of
                 the types of expertise needed for the activity of
                 software development. Educators involved in courses
                 releasing professionally recognised software developers
                 should be interested to examine which aspects of the
                 expertise-derivation they already utilise and which
                 aspects could further benefit their courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carmony:1993:EAI,
  author =       "Lowell A. Carmony and Robert L. Holliday",
  title =        "An example from artificial intelligence for {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1--5",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169077",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ruckert:1993:EC,
  author =       "Martin Ruckert and Richard Halpern",
  title =        "Educational {C}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6--9",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169080",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bergin:1993:TPP,
  author =       "John Bergin and Stuart Greenfield",
  title =        "Teaching parameter passing by example using thunks in
                 {C} and {C++}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "10--14",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169083",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mancoridis:1993:CCE,
  author =       "Spiros Mancoridis and Richard C. Holt and David A.
                 Penny",
  title =        "A ``curriculum-cycle'' environment for teaching
                 programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "15--19",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169086",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Neff:1993:LPE,
  author =       "Norman Neff",
  title =        "A logic programming environment for teaching
                 mathematical concepts of computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "20--24",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169090",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Maxim:1993:PLC,
  author =       "Bruce R. Maxim",
  title =        "Programming languages-comparatively speaking",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "25--29",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169092",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tosten:1993:UMR,
  author =       "Rodney S. Tosten",
  title =        "Using a model railroad system in an artificial
                 intelligence and operating systems course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "30--32",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169096",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Noyes:1993:TAB,
  author =       "James L. Noyes",
  title =        "Teaching {AI}: a breadth-first approach",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "33--37",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169098",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{LaRusch:1993:TAI,
  author =       "Michele R. LaRusch",
  title =        "Teaching artificial intelligence as the year 2000
                 approaches",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "38--42",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169100",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Erickson:1993:UTT,
  author =       "Carl Erickson",
  title =        "{USENET} as a teaching tool",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "43--47",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169102",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Khera:1993:IPC,
  author =       "Vivek Khera and Owen Astrachan and David Kotz",
  title =        "The {Internet Programming Contest}: a report and
                 philosophy",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "48--52",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169105",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Syang:1993:CAT,
  author =       "Angel Syang and Nell B. Dale",
  title =        "Computerized adaptive testing in computer science:
                 assessing student programming abilities",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "53--56",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169109",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hilburn:1993:TAT,
  author =       "Thomas B. Hilburn",
  title =        "A top-down approach to teaching an introductory
                 computer science course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "58--62",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169349",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Moore:1993:SIB,
  author =       "Thomas K. Moore",
  title =        "Scientific investigation in a breadth-first approach
                 to introductory computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "63--67",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169350",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Paxton:1993:IBF,
  author =       "John Paxton and Rockford J. Ross and Denbigh Starkey",
  title =        "An integrated, breadth-first computer science
                 curriculum based on Computing Curricula 1991",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "68--72",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169351",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fleury:1993:EDM,
  author =       "Ann E. Fleury",
  title =        "Evaluating discrete mathematics exercises",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "73--77",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169352",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schoenefeld:1993:IDM,
  author =       "Dale A. Schoenefeld and Roger L. Wainwright",
  title =        "Integration of discrete mathematics topics into the
                 secondary mathematics curriculum using {Mathematica}: a
                 summer institute for high school teachers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "78--82",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169353;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/169070.169353",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-565-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-565-6",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  LCCN =         "QA76.27.A79 v.25 no.1",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "Compendex database; DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1993.html#SchoenefeldW93;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/mathematica.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Math/mathematica.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1993.bib",
  abstract =     "The role of discrete mathematics in secondary
                 mathematics courses has become an extremely important
                 issue in recent years and has been addressed
                 extensively by several national organizations. This
                 paper discusses a summer Institute in discrete
                 mathematics for high school teachers. A detailed
                 outline is presented. Our survey indicated the
                 participants of the Institute had `none' to `vague'
                 prior exposure to 71\% of the discrete mathematics
                 topics presented in the course. The significant
                 difference between this Institute and possibly others
                 is the use of Mathematica as an integral part of the
                 Institute. Mathematica provides an additional
                 reinforcement of the material presented, especially in
                 the area of graph theory and combinatorics. Mathematica
                 can be a powerful motivating force and problem solving
                 tool for high school students in their development of
                 mathematical skills. We are encouraged by the success
                 of this Institute in providing a needed service in our
                 community. We hope the work reported in this paper will
                 encourage others to develop similar Institutes in their
                 communities.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  affiliation =  "Univ of Tulsa",
  affiliationaddress = "Tulsa, OK, USA",
  classification = "901.1; 902.2; 903.2; 912.4; 921; 921.4",
  conference =   "24th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science
                 Education",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  journalabr =   "SIGCSE Bull",
  keywords =     "Analysis; Computer aided instruction; Demonstrations;
                 Differential equations; Discrete math; Education; Graph
                 theory; Information dissemination; Linear programming;
                 Mathematica; Mathematical techniques; Matrix algebra;
                 Nation at Risk study; School math programs; Standards;
                 Surveys; Teaching",
  meetingaddress = "Indianapolis, IN, USA",
  meetingdate =  "Feb 18--19 1993",
  meetingdate2 = "02/18--19/93",
  sponsor =      "ACM",
}

@Article{Bridges:1993:GAD,
  author =       "Susan Bridges",
  title =        "Graphics assignments in discrete mathematics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "83--86",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169354",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Langan:1993:MPD,
  author =       "David D. Langan",
  title =        "A multi-purpose dataflow simulator",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "87--90",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169355",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Olszewski:1993:CL,
  author =       "Jacek Olszewski",
  title =        "{CSP} laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "91--95",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169356",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartman:1993:DPP,
  author =       "Janet Hartman and Dean Sanders",
  title =        "Data parallel programming: a transition from serial to
                 parallel computing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "96--100",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169357",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Osborne:1993:OUC,
  author =       "Martin Osborne and James L. Johnson",
  title =        "An only undergraduate course in object-oriented
                 technology",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "101--106",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169358",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barrett:1993:HMT,
  author =       "Martin L. Barrett",
  title =        "A hypertext module for teaching user interface
                 design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "107--111",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169359",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Adams:1993:PIS,
  author =       "Evans J. Adams",
  title =        "A project-intensive software design course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "112--116",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169360",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberts:1993:UCC,
  author =       "Eric S. Roberts",
  title =        "Using {C} in {CS1}: evaluating the {Stanford}
                 experience",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "117--121",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169361",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pattis:1993:PEA,
  author =       "Richard E. Pattis",
  title =        "The ``procedures early'' approach in {CS 1}: a
                 heresy",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "122--126",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169362",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dyck:1993:EPD,
  author =       "V. Arnie Dyck",
  title =        "Emphasizing the process in delivering {CS}-1",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "127--130",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169363",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Curl:1993:ICN,
  author =       "Linda A. Curl and Brent J. Hussin",
  title =        "Introductory computing: a new approach",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "131--135",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169364",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Popyack:1993:MMF,
  author =       "Jeffrey L. Popyack and Nira Herrmann",
  title =        "Mail merge as a first programming language",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "136--140",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169367",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kay:1993:HCS,
  author =       "David G. Kay",
  title =        "An honors computer science seminar for undergraduate
                 non-majors",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "141--144",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169370",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barnett:1993:EPS,
  author =       "B. Lewis {Barnett III}",
  title =        "An {Ethernet} performance simulator for undergraduate
                 networking",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "145--150",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169373",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pilgrim:1993:DCV,
  author =       "Robert A. Pilgrim",
  title =        "Design and construction of the Very Simple Computer
                 {(VSC)}: a laboratory project for an undergraduate
                 computer architecture course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "151--154",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169376",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ewing:1993:MSC,
  author =       "Donald J. Ewing",
  title =        "Microcomputer systems {I}: a computer science and
                 engineering capstone course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "155--159",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169379",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wilson:1993:BCS,
  author =       "Judith D. Wilson and Nathan Hoskin and John T. Nosek",
  title =        "The benefits of collaboration for student
                 programmers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "160--164",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169383",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Witten:1993:GRS,
  author =       "Ian H. Witten and Timothy C. Bell",
  title =        "Getting research students started: a tale of two
                 courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "165--169",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169385",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Weis:1993:CPU,
  author =       "Richard L. Weis and Judith L. Gersting",
  title =        "A course on professionalism in the undergraduate {CS}
                 curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "170--174",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169387",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goh:1993:LOE,
  author =       "Angela Goh and Peng-Chor Leong",
  title =        "Laboratories and other educational experiences based
                 on Curricula '91",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "175--179",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169391",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cowley:1993:GLI,
  author =       "Bruce Cowley and Greg Scragg and Doug Baldwin",
  title =        "Gateway laboratories: integrated, interactive learning
                 modules",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "180--184",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169394",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lang:1993:SSL,
  author =       "Joseph E. Lang and Barbara A. Smith",
  title =        "Scheduled supervised laboratories in {CS1}: a
                 comparative analysis",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "185--188",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169397",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Winslow:1993:PSA,
  author =       "Leon E. Winslow",
  title =        "Problem specification with action machines",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "189--192",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169401",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Saiedian:1993:TMF,
  author =       "Hossein Saiedian",
  title =        "Towards More Formalism in Software Engineering
                 Education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "193--197",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169405;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/169070.169405",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-565-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-565-6",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1993.html#Saiedian93;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1993.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/Pape.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fekete:1993:RAP,
  author =       "Alan Fekete",
  title =        "Reasoning about programs: integrating verification and
                 analysis of algorithms into the introductory
                 programming course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "198--202",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169410",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kick:1993:WCS,
  author =       "Russell C. {Kick, Jr.} and F. Stuart Wells",
  title =        "Women in computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "203--207",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169415",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Teague:1993:AWT,
  author =       "G. Joy Teague and Val A. Clarke",
  title =        "Attracting women to tertiary computing courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "208--212",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169418",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mueller:1993:IFY,
  author =       "Conrad Mueller and Sheila Rock and Ian Sanders",
  title =        "An improved first year course taking into account
                 third world students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "213--217",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169421",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rybacki:1993:ESA,
  author =       "Richard Rybacki and Kay A. Robbins and Steven
                 Robbins",
  title =        "{Ethercom}: a study of audio processes and
                 synchronization",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "218--222",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169446",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Adams:1993:DIU,
  author =       "Joel C. Adams",
  title =        "The design and implementation of a {Unix} classroom",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "223--227",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169450",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ho:1993:ACC,
  author =       "Chi Fai Ho and Christopher L. Morgan and Istvan
                 Simon",
  title =        "An advanced classroom computing environment and its
                 applications",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "228--231",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169454",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clarke:1993:PMD,
  author =       "Matthew C. Clarke",
  title =        "Possible models diagrams: a visual alternative to
                 truth tables",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "232--236",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169458",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Trahan:1993:SVT,
  author =       "Robin Trahan and Susan Rodger",
  title =        "Simulation and visualization tools for teaching
                 parallel merge sort",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "237--241",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169461",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Christensen:1993:STD,
  author =       "Margaret Christensen and Michael Giamo and Trevor
                 Jones",
  title =        "Support for teaching the design and implementation of
                 multimedia\slash hypermedia systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "242--245",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169465",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brown:1993:STA,
  author =       "Richard A. Brown",
  title =        "A software testbed for advanced projects in real-time
                 and distributed computing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "247--250",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169473",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Amoroso:1993:GCC,
  author =       "Edward G. Amoroso",
  title =        "A graduate course in computing security technology",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "251--255",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169477",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ramakrishnan:1993:OSP,
  author =       "Sub Ramakrishnan and Ann-Marie Lancaster",
  title =        "Operating Systems Projects: linking theory, practice
                 and use",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "256--260",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169483",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Levine:1993:DDL,
  author =       "David B. Levine",
  title =        "Dealing with different levels of abstraction in a data
                 structures course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "261--264",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169486",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reid:1993:OOP,
  author =       "Richard J. Reid",
  title =        "The object oriented paradigm in {CS 1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "265--269",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169491",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Decker:1993:TTO,
  author =       "Rick Decker and Stuart Hirshfield",
  title =        "Top-down teaching: object-oriented programming in {CS
                 1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "270--273",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169495",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Taylor:1993:IAD,
  author =       "Harriet G. Taylor and Katharine M. Paine",
  title =        "An interdisciplinary approach to the development of
                 writing skills in computer science students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "274--278",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169501",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McDonald:1993:DOC,
  author =       "Gary McDonald and Merry McDonald",
  title =        "Developing oral communication skills of computer
                 science undergraduates",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "279--282",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169503",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sullivan:1993:SPM,
  author =       "Sarah L. Sullivan",
  title =        "A software project management course
                 role-play-team-project approach emphasizing written and
                 oral communication skills",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "283--287",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169508",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Riehl:1993:USI,
  author =       "Arthur M. Riehl and Daniel P. Friedman and Brian
                 Harvey and Simon Kaplan and Richard Salter and George
                 Springer",
  title =        "Using {SCHEME} in the introductory computer science
                 curriculum (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "288",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169510",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Perl:1993:ATF,
  author =       "Teri Perl and Dennis Bybee and Carol E. Edwards and
                 Coco Conn",
  title =        "{ACM} task force report on {K}-12 education and
                 technology (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "289",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169514",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Harrington:1993:CES,
  author =       "Susan Marie Harrington and Charles Kelemen and
                 Rachelle Heller and Sandoval Melim and Ellen Spertus",
  title =        "Creating an environment for the success of women
                 students in undergraduate, co-ed computer science
                 programs (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "290",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169516",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kurtz:1993:EEC,
  author =       "Barry L. Kurtz and Nell Dale and Jerry Engel and Jim
                 Miller and Keith Barker and Harriet Taylor",
  title =        "Evaluating effectiveness in computer science
                 education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "293",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169519",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Almstrum:1993:IMW,
  author =       "Vicki L. Almstrum and Anita Borg and J. Paul {Myers,
                 Jr.}",
  title =        "Improving mentoring for women in computer science
                 fields (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "294",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169521",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hunkins:1993:CGA,
  author =       "Daltin R. Hunkins and Steven K. Andrianoff and Rosalee
                 Nerheim-Wolfe and Thomas L. Naps",
  title =        "Computer graphics across the {CS} curriculum
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "295",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169523",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Adams:1993:HCM,
  author =       "Elizabeth S. Adams and Rachelle S. Heller and Elliot
                 Soloway and Barbee Mynatt Teasley",
  title =        "Here comes the multimedia generation! Ready? or not?
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "297",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169525",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shiflet:1993:ATP,
  author =       "Angela B. Shiflet and Scott Cannon and Terry J.
                 Frederick and Janet Hartman and Marsha Meredith and
                 Chris Nevison and Dean Sanders",
  title =        "Approaches to teaching parallel processing on the
                 undergraduate level (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "298",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169527",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gladfelter:1993:SAD,
  author =       "Suzanne E. Gladfelter and William C. Harris and Karl
                 J. Klee",
  title =        "Successful associate degree programs in the computing
                 sciences",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "299",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169529",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Leidig:1993:ISC,
  author =       "Paul M. Leidig and Mary J. Granger and Asad Khailany
                 and Joan Pierson and Dean Sanders",
  title =        "Information systems curriculum (abstract): where we
                 should be going?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "300",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169530",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jones:1993:ICP,
  author =       "Rhys Price Jones and Doug Cooper and Dan Friedman and
                 Ric Holt and Peter Robinson",
  title =        "Issues in the choice of programming language for {CS
                 1} (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "301",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169531",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Klee:1993:FRA,
  author =       "Karl J. Klee and John Impagliazzo",
  title =        "Final report (abstract): curricula for two-year degree
                 programs in computer sciences, and computing and
                 engineering technology",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "302",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169534",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lopez:1993:REU,
  author =       "Antonio M. {Lopez, Jr.} and Gerald L. Engel and
                 Herbert L. Dershem and Santa Wiltz",
  title =        "Research experience for undergraduates (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "303",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169536",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Scott:1993:TEC,
  author =       "Thomas J. Scott and Richard B. Voss and Cherri M.
                 Pancake",
  title =        "Teaching an ethics component to computer science
                 majors (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "304",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169540",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Almstrum:1993:RMC,
  author =       "Vicki L. Almstrum and Debra Burton and Cheng-Chih Wu",
  title =        "Research methods in computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "306",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.170091",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gersting:1993:BIV,
  author =       "Judith L. Gersting and Frank Young and Eric Tinsley
                 and Helen Hays and Anthony Schaeffer",
  title =        "Bringing the industry view of software engineering to
                 the classroom",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "307",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169542",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clancy:1993:APA,
  author =       "Michael J. Clancy and Richard E. Pattis and Mark
                 Stehlik",
  title =        "Approaches to programming assignments in {CS 1} and
                 {CS} 2",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "308",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169544",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Merritt:1993:AMH,
  author =       "Susan M. Merritt and Charles J. Bruen and J. Philip
                 East and Darlene Grantham and Charles Rice and Viera K.
                 Proulx and Gerry Segal and Carol E. Wolf",
  title =        "{ACM} model high school computer science curriculum
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "309",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169545",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Austing:1993:FRC,
  author =       "Richard Austing and Therese Jones",
  title =        "Final report: curricula for two-year college task
                 force subgroup: computing for other disciplines",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "310",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169549",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Epstein:1993:POA,
  author =       "Richard G. Epstein",
  title =        "The power of {OOPS} (abstract): heterogeneous data
                 structures in {C++}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "311",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/169073.169548",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:20 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Howell:1993:EWU,
  author =       "Kathy Howell",
  title =        "The experience of women in undergraduate computer
                 science: what does the research say?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "1--8",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152752",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In recent years the discipline of computer science has
                 become recognized as a male dominated field. Attempts
                 have been made to encourage more women to participate
                 but, have such efforts been supported or directed by
                 the available research? This article presents a
                 description of the current situation and reviews the
                 existing body of research related to the undergraduate
                 experience of women in computer science. Based on the
                 research, some implications for computer science
                 education are outlined. Suggestions are also given for
                 further research needed to more completely describe the
                 current situation and direct changes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Morton:1993:SPL,
  author =       "Larry Morton and Nicholas Norgaard",
  title =        "A survey of programming languages in {CS} programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "9--11",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152753",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Newmarch:1993:PBA,
  author =       "Jan Newmarch",
  title =        "A plan-based approach to {Prolog} recursion",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "12--18",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152755",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Coey:1993:ITS,
  author =       "W. A. Coey",
  title =        "An interactive tutorial system for {MC68000} assembly
                 language using {HyperCard}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "19--23",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152756",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Assembly language programming of the Motorola MC68000
                 microprocessor is taught to post-graduate students in
                 the department of Computer Science at Queens University
                 of Belfast in a course entitled ``Microcomputer
                 Architecture and Programming''. Due to the large number
                 and complexity of the 68000's instructions an
                 interactive tutorial system was developed, using
                 HyperCard and HyperTalk, to enhance existing teaching
                 methods. The system, although aimed at courses teaching
                 MC68000 programming, would be a useful introduction to
                 low level programming theory on courses teaching
                 computer architecture or assembly language
                 programming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Searls:1993:IHS,
  author =       "Delmar E. Searls",
  title =        "An integrated hardware simulator",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "24--28",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152757",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Skelton:1993:ITQ,
  author =       "Gordon W. Skelton",
  title =        "Integrating total quality management with software
                 engineering education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "29--30",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152758",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "During the past several years Total Quality Management
                 (TQM) has become a driving force in the service and
                 manufacturing industries. TQM and Total Quality Control
                 (TQC) are very applicable to the software development
                 industry and thereby, applicable to software
                 engineering instruction. This article focus on the need
                 for integration of TQM concepts into the regular
                 computer curriculum of the computer science and
                 software engineering program.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bryant:1993:FCC,
  author =       "Robert Bryant and Paul {De Palma}",
  title =        "A first course in computer science for small four year
                 {CS} programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "31--34",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152759",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The paper is a contribution to the ongoing debate over
                 the content of CS1. Instead of opting for either the
                 depth first or breadth-first approach, we have built a
                 course using some of the strongest elements of each.
                 This course does not replace CS1 in our department.
                 Rather, we use it to give beginning computer science
                 students a more balanced view of the discipline than
                 CS1 does. We also use it to teach in one place much of
                 the redundant material found in the standard computer
                 science curriculum. We find this makes for more
                 sophisticated students and lets us use our small
                 faculty more efficiently.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kelsh:1993:LAC,
  author =       "James P. Kelsh",
  title =        "Levels of abstraction in {CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "35--37",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152760",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bergmann:1993:SCH,
  author =       "Seth D. Bergmann",
  title =        "Simulating and compiling a hypothetical
                 microprogrammed architecture with projects for computer
                 architecture and compiler design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "38--42",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152761",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nute:1993:RPA,
  author =       "Tom Nute and Lavon Page and Jo Perry and Richard
                 Rinewalt and Pat Ryan and Laurie White and Stan
                 Wileman",
  title =        "Results and problems from the 1992 {ACM} Scholastic
                 Programming Contest Finals",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "43--50",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152762",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chandra:1993:SPP,
  author =       "Kailash Chandra",
  title =        "A set of programming projects for a second programming
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "51--56",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152763",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A set of six related programming projects are
                 presented. These projects are based on the assignments
                 given to a class taking a second course in Pascal
                 programming. The first project started with a source
                 code of a working program assigned to the students
                 giving them a jump start and then taking them step by
                 step to a project where they developed a simple
                 full-screen visual text editor. It has been a very
                 successful experiment. It is hoped that the others can
                 use similar programming assignments in their classes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chaudhuri:1993:NSQ,
  author =       "R. Chaudhuri and A. C. Dempster",
  title =        "A note on slowing {Quicksort}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "57--58",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152764",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present a simple linear time algorithm for
                 generating a worst case sequence for Quicksort when the
                 pivot element is chosen as the middle elements of the
                 (sub)array in each pass.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carrasquel:1993:NML,
  author =       "Jacobo Carrasquel",
  title =        "Necessity is the mother of language features",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "59--64",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/152751.152765",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A common problem when teaching CS1 courses to non-CS
                 majors is students' lack of motivation. This paper
                 describes a new approach and methodology intended to
                 solve this problem: The new approach involves a
                 different sequencing of topics covered in most CS1
                 courses, and the division of the course into four
                 units; thus exposing students to four different
                 problems of moderate length and degree of difficulty.
                 The new methodology consists of presenting students
                 with problems for which the programming features
                 learned up to that point are inadequate to solve the
                 task. Thus, instead of presenting topics (language
                 features) followed by a series of problems which
                 require the student to apply specific tools, I
                 introduce problems which create a need for new language
                 features. This way students feel more motivated to
                 explore new venues and participate more effectively in
                 the decision-making process.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Moses:1993:OCS,
  author =       "L. E. Moses",
  title =        "Our computer science classrooms: are they ``friendly''
                 to female students?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "3--12",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/165408.165411",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Radenski:1993:VO,
  author =       "Atanas Radenski",
  title =        "A voyage to Oberon",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "13--18",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/165408.165412",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hein:1993:DLA,
  author =       "James L. Hein",
  title =        "A declarative laboratory approach for discrete
                 structures, logic, and computability",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "19--25",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/165408.165414",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Harlan:1993:PSE,
  author =       "Robert M. Harlan and David M. Patrone",
  title =        "Parsing as search: an easy-to-understand {RTN}
                 interpreter",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "26--30",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/165408.165415",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Developing laboratory assignments on natural language
                 processing in an introductory AI course is difficult.
                 One reason is that the interpreter that applies a
                 grammar to input is often a complex, hard to understand
                 system. One is forced either to treat the interpreter
                 as a black box, restricting students to extending the
                 grammar that it applies, or to spend an inordinate
                 amount of time mastering the interpreter. We present an
                 alternative that enables students to master an
                 interpreter in fairly short order. Approaching parsing
                 as a search problem, an interpreter is presented that
                 is based on a search engine with which students have
                 had previous experience. This paper discusses an
                 interpreter for an RTN grammar. A subsequent paper
                 shows how the interpreter can be modified to handle an
                 ATN grammar. The grammar and interpreter are available
                 via ftp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Deremer:1993:ILE,
  author =       "Dorothy Deremer",
  title =        "Improving the learning environment in {CS I}:
                 experiences with communication strategies",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "31--35",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/165408.165418",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pruhs:1993:SP,
  author =       "Kirk Pruhs",
  title =        "The {SPIN}-{OUT} puzzle",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "36--38",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/165408.165421",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gray:1993:EEE,
  author =       "John S. Gray",
  title =        "Is eight enough?: the {Eight Queens Problem}
                 re-examined",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "39--44",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/165408.165423",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A detailed analysis of a classic backtracking problem,
                 The Eight Queen Problem is presented. The paper
                 addresses additional facets of the Eight Queen Problem
                 that might be overlooked when casually generating a
                 program solution. The author suggests that the extra
                 time taken to fully analyze the problem will result in
                 a better understanding of the problem which in turn
                 will manifest itself in a better program solution.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Homkes:1993:CC,
  author =       "Rick Homkes and John Minor Ross",
  title =        "Clarifying '{C}'",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "45--51",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/165408.165425",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In the classroom of today, students learning C often
                 have experience in one or more languages such as BASIC,
                 COBOL or Pascal. With the possible exception of
                 students with Assembler skills, many of these
                 individuals stumble when making the change to C. This
                 review of the teaching and learning processes
                 surrounding C highlights areas where students either
                 face misunderstandings or will predictably under-use
                 new features.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Detmer:1993:PGP,
  author =       "Richard C. Detmer",
  title =        "{PC} graphics packages for Modula-2",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "52--57",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/165408.165428",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Modula-2 is the implementation language used in
                 Northwest Missouri State University's graphics course.
                 Two locally produced modules of graphics procedures
                 provide the interface for most of these programs. These
                 modules run under TopSpeed Modula-2 on a PC system with
                 a VGA display. The module of two-dimensional procedures
                 provides functionality similar to a minimal GKS
                 package. The module of three-dimensional procedures is
                 parallel to, but simpler than, the two-dimensional
                 module. Students have benefitted both from using and
                 from extending these modules.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mazaitis:1993:OOP,
  author =       "Dorothy Mazaitis",
  title =        "The object-oriented paradigm in the undergraduate
                 curriculum: a survey of implementations and issues",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "58--64",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/165408.165432",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:23 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Many undergraduate computer science programs have not
                 yet incorporated the object-oriented paradigm into
                 their curriculum or have done so only minimally.
                 Furthermore, programs which do teach object-oriented
                 design and programming do so in a variety of ways. This
                 paper presents a survey of different approaches to
                 incorporating the object-oriented paradigm into the
                 undergraduate curriculum. Data were complied from
                 experiences related in the current literature and from
                 a survey of undergraduate programs in Connecticut. To
                 round out the discussion, feedback from local industry
                 with regard to its use of this methodology is included:
                 specifically, is there a need for proficiency in
                 object-oriented design and programming?",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Galpin:1993:GIC,
  author =       "Vashti Galpin and Ian Sanders",
  title =        "Gender imbalances in computer science at the
                 {University of the Witwatersrand}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "2--4",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164208",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents figures which describe the current
                 situation with respect to male and female entry,
                 persistence and success rates in Computer Science at
                 the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits). The figures
                 indicate that the situation at Wits is similar to that
                 observed at universities in other countries where only
                 a small number of the students are women. The figures
                 also show that persistence and success rates for men
                 and women are comparable. The paper ends by discussing
                 our ideas for the next stage of this research --- an
                 attitudinal survey directed at new first year science
                 students at the University of the Witwatersrand.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shiau:1993:OOP,
  author =       "Lie June Shiau",
  title =        "Object-oriented programming for numerical methods",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "5--8",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164210",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article introduces the merits of employing a new
                 technique, Object-Oriented programming, in Numerical
                 Methods courses. Object-Oriented programs interpret
                 mathematical concepts more closely to their
                 definitions. They are also easier to implement and
                 maintain. More importantly, Object-Oriented techniques
                 avoid many human errors. C++, an Object-Oriented
                 extension to the popular C programming language, is
                 chosen as the programming language for the demonstrated
                 examples. We also include comparative examples to show
                 that C++ is more suitable than the traditional
                 scientific computer language FORTRAN for numerical
                 programming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Biernat:1993:TTD,
  author =       "Martin J. Biernat",
  title =        "Teaching tools for data structures and algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "9--12",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164211",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes several teaching tools used in an
                 Analysis of Algorithms course. The tools aid in
                 reviewing data structures and explaining various
                 algorithms while actively involving the student with
                 the algorithms. These tools have helped students not
                 only understand and retain the concepts behind the
                 algorithms, but has also raised their level of interest
                 in the class.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brown:1993:DMI,
  author =       "David T. Brown",
  title =        "Discrete mathematics {II}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "13--17",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164213",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This is a report on the second of a two course
                 sequence in discrete mathematics taught at Ithaca
                 College. The course covers three topics, combinatorics,
                 finite state automata and regular languages and
                 verification theory, and is a prerequisite for a
                 theoretical course in computer science. The emphasis in
                 this paper is the half semester spent teaching
                 verification theory.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shiau:1993:UHA,
  author =       "LieJune Shiau",
  title =        "Using a heuristic algorithm to help analyze graph
                 problems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "18--20",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164217",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Almstrum:1993:CTR,
  author =       "Vicki L. Almstrum and Cheng-Chih Wu",
  title =        "The {CSedRes} toolbox: a resource to support research
                 in computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "21--26",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164219",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We introduce the notion of a ``CSedRes Toolbox'' for
                 educational research in the field of computer science.
                 The Toolbox should include a repertoire of instruments
                 and methodologies that instructor-researchers can use
                 in planning well-designed and valid studies. We propose
                 an on-going project for the SIGCSE membership: to
                 incrementally add appropriate tools to the Toolbox. In
                 this article, we motivate the existence of such a
                 repository and describe our vision for the Toolbox. As
                 our starting point in building up the Toolbox, we
                 discuss the characteristics of instruments used to
                 measure phenomena of interest in educational research,
                 with focus on instruments developed by other
                 researchers and how to locate these existing tools. The
                 balance of the paper presents an instrument for
                 assessing individuals' learning styles, Kolb's
                 LSI-1985.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Miller:1993:MDS,
  author =       "Diane M. Miller",
  title =        "{MIS} as a discipline: a structured definition",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "27--32",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164223",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Keating:1993:HNN,
  author =       "John G. Keating",
  title =        "{Hopfield} networks, neural data structures and the
                 nine flies problem: neural network programming projects
                 for undergraduates",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "33--37",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164224",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes two neural network programming
                 projects suitable for undergraduate students who have
                 already completed introductory courses in Programming
                 and Data Structures. It briefly outlines the structure
                 and operation of Hopfield Networks from a data
                 structure stand-point and demonstrates how these type
                 of neural networks may be used to solve interesting
                 problems like Perelman's Nine Flies Problem. Although
                 the Hopfield model is well defined mathematically,
                 students do not have to be very familiar with the
                 mathematics of the model in order to use it to solve
                 problems. Students are actively encouraged to design
                 modifications to their implementations in order to
                 obtain faster or more accurate solutions. Additionally,
                 students are also expected to compare the neural
                 network's performance with traditional approaches, in
                 order that they may appreciate the subtleties of both
                 approaches. Sample results are provided from projects
                 which have been completed during the last three-year
                 period.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dixon:1993:OET,
  author =       "Chip Dixon",
  title =        "Object extensibility: a {Turbo Pascal} graphics
                 example",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "38--40",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164227",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents the object-oriented concept of
                 extensibility. The specific implementation for this
                 concept is the language Turbo Pascal (5.5 or later).
                 The example illustrated has been successfully used as
                 part of an introductory object-oriented programming
                 class.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Higginbotham:1993:ISR,
  author =       "T. F. Higginbotham",
  title =        "The integer square root of {$N$} via a binary search",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "41--45",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164229",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An algorithm is presented which may be used to find
                 the integer square root of N. The method is intended
                 for use on a binary computer, where only addition,
                 subtraction, multiplication, or division by 2 is
                 required. The problem arose when the author was working
                 on factoring large numbers, where the machine, the
                 Honeywell DPS 8, had double precision integer addition
                 and subtraction, and the simulation of multiplication
                 was easy. The actual factoring of the large number was
                 to be Fermat's Method, requiring only addition and
                 subtraction, but the integer square root is required in
                 order to test for termination. The algorithm is
                 implemented in FORTRAN for ease of reading. Students
                 enjoy the unconventional approach to solving this
                 problem. It isn't long before some of them think of
                 other unusual solutions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Staehr:1993:DUT,
  author =       "Lorraine Staehr",
  title =        "Debating: its use in teaching social aspects of
                 computing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "46--49",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164233",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Harrison:1993:COS,
  author =       "William S. Harrison",
  title =        "Co-oping at the super collider",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "50--60",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164235",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses one student's experience as a
                 participant in the Co-operative education program at
                 the Superconducting Super Collider Laboratory in Dallas
                 Texas.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Guimaraes:1993:CPL,
  author =       "Jos{\'e} de Oliveira Guimar{\~a}es",
  title =        "Clever programming languages exercises",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "25",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "61--64",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/164205.164237",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Books about programming languages usually propose
                 exercises and questions requiring little creativity
                 from students. Most exercises do not induce deeper
                 thoughts about characteristics of languages and
                 constructions. The paper proposes some exercises
                 showing new constructions under unusual viewpoints,
                 stimulating creativity.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Paxton:1994:MTI,
  author =       "John T. Paxton and Rockford J. Ross and J. Denbigh
                 Starkey",
  title =        "A methodology for teaching an integrated computer
                 science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1--5",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191034",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shackelford:1994:IDF,
  author =       "Russell L. Shackelford and Richard J. LeBlanc",
  title =        "Integrating ``depth first'' and ``breadth first''
                 models of computing curricula",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6--10",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191037",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Traditional undergraduate Computer Science curricula
                 have been increasingly challenged on a host of grounds:
                 undergraduate computing education is attracting fewer
                 majors, is not producing graduates who satisfy the
                 needs of either graduate programs or business and
                 industry, and is not effectively responding to the
                 increasing needs for computing education among the
                 larger student population. In the face of such
                 challenges, there has been a recent movement to
                 restructure undergraduate computing curricula. At
                 Georgia Tech we have design (AY 91-92) and implemented
                 (AY92-93) a new computing curriculum that features a
                 radical restructuring of subject matter. During the
                 design and implementation process, we paid close and
                 critical attention to the particulars of both the ACM
                 recommendations and reports from our colleagues at
                 other institutions who had already gained some
                 experience with ``Breadth First'' approaches. We have
                 conclude that curriculum modernization should integrate
                 key aspects of both ``Depth First'' and ``Breadth
                 First'' approaches. Our new curriculum is an example of
                 such integration. We present data (measures of student
                 performance and of student and faculty opinion) that
                 confirm that our approach is viable, and we now believe
                 that it can be a useful model for others. In this
                 paper, we outline the structure of our integrated
                 curriculum and report on key facets of our experience
                 with it.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tucker:1994:NDI,
  author =       "Allen B. Tucker and Peter Wegner",
  title =        "New directions in the introductory computer science
                 curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "11--15",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191038",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Collofello:1994:ASP,
  author =       "James S. Collofello and Manmahesh Kantipudi and Mark
                 A. Kanko",
  title =        "Assessing the software process maturity of software
                 engineering courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "16--20",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191040",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Since its introduction by the Software Engineering
                 Institute (SEI) in 1987, the SEI Software Process
                 Maturity Model has gained wide visibility and
                 acceptance by industry. Its overall goal is to enable
                 an organization to assess its software process maturity
                 in order that it might be able to improve its software
                 development process. Inspired by the success of the SEI
                 model, this paper describes an attempt to develop an
                 analogous, but highly simplified and unvalidated
                 process maturity framework applicable to software
                 engineering project courses. Our goal is to enable an
                 instructor of a software engineering project course to
                 assess the software development processes utilized in
                 the course and to improve these processes leading to
                 better managed and more successful projects.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mili:1994:TFC,
  author =       "Rym Mili and Ali Mili",
  title =        "Teaching a first course on data structures: a software
                 engineering approach",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "21--25",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191042",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We discuss our experience with integrating three key
                 ideas of software engineering into our data structures
                 course: formal specifications, information hiding, and
                 bottom up programming. The idea of formal
                 specifications is fostered by the introduction of a
                 simple formal notation, which students use to describe
                 their data structures and to validate their
                 implementation. The idea of data abstraction is
                 fostered by separating, in the very design of our
                 course, the usage of data structures from their
                 implementation. Finally the idea of bottom up
                 programming is fostered by showing students how complex
                 systems can be designed one layer at a time, where each
                 layer refers exclusively to the layer immediately below
                 it.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rifkin:1994:TPP,
  author =       "Adam Rifkin",
  title =        "Teaching parallel programming and software engineering
                 concepts to high school students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "26--30",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191044",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper takes the stand that it is never too early
                 to teach so-called ``hard'' concepts in computer
                 science. Specifically, basic principles in parallel
                 algorithm development and software engineering can be
                 introduced to students first learning about computers.
                 The key is to present ideas in a manner that is simple,
                 fun and suited to the audience. We discuss an
                 interactive exercise developed with this premise in
                 mind, based on sorting algorithms, that we conducted
                 with one hundred minority students aged 14 to 17, on
                 March 19, 1993. Our students, relative neophytes to
                 high level computer science notions, had fun while
                 learning alleged difficult concepts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Harlan:1994:ASA,
  author =       "Robert M. Harlan",
  title =        "The Automated Student Advisor: a large project for
                 expert systems courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "31--35",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191046",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The paper examines a large project for an Expert
                 Systems course, the Automated Student Advisor, which
                 assists students in selecting courses for the next
                 semester. The system was designed and implemented in
                 the last third of a semester course by students and the
                 instructor working as a software group. The result was
                 a software system that is now in use at the
                 university.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ingargiola:1994:RST,
  author =       "Giorgio Ingargiola and Nathan Hoskin and Robert Aiken
                 and Rajeev Dubey and Judith Wilson and Mary-Angela
                 Papalaskari and Margaret Christensen and Roger
                 Webster",
  title =        "A repository that supports teaching and cooperation in
                 the introductory {AI} course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "36--40",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191048",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the development of FLAIR
                 (Flexible Learning with an Artificial Intelligence
                 Repository), a repository of educational material and
                 of a highly visual computing environment for use in
                 laboratories associated with the introductory
                 undergraduate Artificial Intelligence (AI) course. This
                 repository supports sharing of pedagogic material and
                 of development tools, and cooperation in their use,
                 while allowing diversity in content and in use at
                 different institutions. Thus the development of the
                 repository has stressed the production of system tools,
                 extensible object-oriented libraries, and strong
                 programming frameworks. Some modules currently
                 available are on Search and Automated Reasoning.
                 Examples of the presentation techniques used are
                 conceptual maps, hypertext, and graphic animations of
                 algorithms. Initial experience in the use of the
                 repository in teaching the introductory AI course is
                 taking place in the 1993/94 academic year.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Luker:1994:PAI,
  author =       "Paul A. Luker and Dennis Rothermel",
  title =        "The philosophy of artificial intelligence: a general
                 studies course with particular benefits to computer
                 science majors",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "41--45",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191050",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Over four years ago, we developed and implemented an
                 upper division general studies course. ``The Philosophy
                 of Artificial Intelligence.'' The course has since been
                 team taught every semester by a computer scientist and
                 a philosopher. Here, we draw on our four years'
                 experience with the course to discuss its impact on
                 computer science majors, for whom we feel that it
                 fulfills two main purposes. First, having technical
                 material presented within the coherent framework
                 provided by this course offers students an accessible
                 and consistent context. Secondly, an examination of the
                 philosophical aspects of this material enables the
                 students to look at their own discipline from without
                 for the first time. We contend that a course of this
                 nature neatly rounds off the education of computer
                 scientists.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Naps:1994:OOA,
  author =       "Thomas L. Naps and Brian Swander",
  title =        "An object-oriented approach to algorithm
                 visualization-easy, extensible, and dynamic",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "46--50",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191052",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A key component of our attempt to integrate the
                 object-oriented paradigm into introductory and
                 intermediate courses is algorithm visualization. Such
                 visualization depicts an algorithm as a sequence of
                 graphical snapshots of data structures that are
                 operated upon at ``interesting events'' in the
                 algorithm's execution. Using object-oriented
                 techniques, we have significantly enchanced a previous
                 version of the algorithm visualization system called
                 GAIGS, developed at Lawrence. These enhancements allow
                 instructors and students to develop dynamic
                 visualizations with relative ease and, if desired,
                 extend the graphic operations that are built into GAIGS
                 to allow more personalized visualizations. The
                 resulting software package is being used in a core of
                 courses as a means of illustrating the power of the
                 object-oriented approach while at the same time
                 advancing students' understanding of difficult
                 algorithms. Because of the extensibility of the
                 object-oriented features of the system, we envision
                 many future applications in which it could be used. To
                 encourage the development of such applications, the
                 system is conveniently available via ftp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Decker:1994:TRW,
  author =       "Rick Decker and Stuart Hirshfield",
  title =        "The top 10 reasons why object-oriented programming
                 can't be taught in {CS 1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "51--55",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191054",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Over the past year we have changed our CS 1 course
                 from a standard Pascal-based, procedural programming
                 course into one that emphasizes C++ and object-oriented
                 programming (OOP). While our experience to date
                 indicates that this was a good decision for both our
                 students and our department, the decision did not come
                 easy. We struggled long and hard with many, if not
                 most, of the questions and issues that have come to be
                 associated with teaching OOP to undergraduates. This
                 paper recounts our struggles, and presents our
                 responses to the more serious of the pedagogical
                 questions that we considered. In hindsight, many of the
                 reasons we came up with for not using OOP in CS1 are
                 seen to reflect our lack of understanding of the
                 paradigm, our fear of the language, and our past
                 experience teaching Pascal and the procedural paradigm.
                 Furthermore, we believe that our reservations (which
                 appear to be quite common) stemmed from a growing body
                 of misleading OOP folklore that is contrary to our
                 experience and that this paper attempts to dispel.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Luker:1994:TMO,
  author =       "Paul A. Luker",
  title =        "{There}'s more to {OOP} than syntax!",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "56--60",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191056",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rasala:1994:AAI,
  author =       "Richard Rasala and Viera K. Proulx and Harriet J.
                 Fell",
  title =        "From animation to analysis in introductory computer
                 science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "61--65",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191057",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shum:1994:ULP,
  author =       "Stephen Shum and Curtis Cook",
  title =        "Using literate programming to teach good programming
                 practices",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "66--70",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191059",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The ability to comprehend a program written by other
                 individuals is becoming increasingly important in
                 software development and maintenance. In an attempt to
                 encourage undergraduate Computer Science students to
                 write informative and usable documentation, the
                 literate programming paradigm was incorporated into the
                 teaching of one undergraduate Computer Science course
                 at Augustana College. This paper describes the concept
                 of literate programming, the experience of using
                 literate programming to teach good programming
                 practices, and the results from the experiment that
                 showed that literate programming encourages more
                 documentation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kortright:1994:SPI,
  author =       "Lisa M. Levy Kortright",
  title =        "From specific problem instances to algorithms in the
                 introductory course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "71--75",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191060",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we present an approach for the
                 introduction of problem solving and algorithm
                 development in the first computer science course. Our
                 technique is a more formal and systematic approach to
                 programming based on generalizing a pattern after
                 studying and expanding on a sequence of specific
                 problem instances. In our approach, the algorithm and
                 justification of its correctness are developed
                 together.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Myers:1994:IUD,
  author =       "William Myers",
  title =        "Instructional uses of demonstration disks",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "76--79",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191062",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Demonstration programs distributed by software
                 publishers are an inexpensive source of software
                 examples for student use. These programs can be used in
                 a variety of computer classes and for a variety of
                 assignments. They provide examples of different
                 software types and of different approaches to
                 interfaces and integration.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Thweatt:1994:CCL,
  author =       "Mack Thweatt",
  title =        "{CSI} closed lab vs. open lab experiment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "80--82",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191064",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Recommendations of the ACM/IEEE Joint Curriculum Task
                 Force on the Core of Computer Science and the
                 dissatisfaction with the poor performance of too many
                 CS1 students at Middle Tennessee State University
                 combined to motivate the Computer Science Department to
                 compare the use of closed labs and open labs. A
                 controlled experiment was conducted in the Fall 1992
                 and Spring 1993 semester of CS1 classes. Some of these
                 classes were chosen for closed lab and others for open
                 lab experiences. ANOVAs of various comparison groups
                 consistently showed significant differences on
                 comprehensive CS1 exams in favor of the students in
                 closed labs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Berque:1994:KWS,
  author =       "Dave Berque and Jeff Bogda and Brian Fisher and Tim
                 Harrison and Nick Rahn",
  title =        "The {KLYDE} workbench for studying experimental
                 algorithm analysis",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "83--87",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191065",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "KLYDE is a software workbench that helps students
                 study issues related to the design, implementation, and
                 empirical analysis of algorithms. Using the system's
                 graphical user interface students can design and
                 conduct experiments to study the efficiency of a
                 variety of algorithms and their underlying
                 implementations. The data generated by these
                 experiments can be studied directly, or imported into
                 speadsheet and presented graphically. This paper gives
                 an overview of the KLYDE system and illustrates how the
                 system can be used in a variety of undergraduate
                 computer science courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rabung:1994:ICC,
  author =       "John Rabung",
  title =        "Introducing computer concepts to novices by
                 ``practical'' immersion",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "88--91",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191067",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Herrmann:1994:ISB,
  author =       "Nira Herrmann and Jeffrey L. Popyack",
  title =        "An integrated, software-based approach to teaching
                 introductory computer programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "92--96",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191068",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We have developed a course in scientific and
                 statistical programming consisting of an introduction
                 to computer programming and data analysis concepts
                 using a variety of software packages. This approach
                 addresses the problems inherent in introducing
                 programming to non-computer science majors,
                 particularly those in engineering, the sciences, and
                 the social sciences where computing and statistical
                 data analysis techniques are essential professional
                 tools, as well as to computer science majors with
                 minimal or nonexistent programming backgrounds. Key
                 programming concepts are introduced, including
                 variables and identifiers, absolute versus relative
                 addresses, assignment statements, IF/THEN/ELSE
                 statements, nested and compound IF statements, truth
                 tables, precedence of operations, use of built-in and
                 user-defined functions, dummy variables, passing by
                 value and reference, the importance of order in
                 specifying input to functions, modular program design,
                 subprograms, debugging and testing techniques,
                 properties of good programs, and iterative loops.
                 Elementary statistical concepts and data analyses are
                 covered within a computing environment context that
                 emphasizes data analysis and interpretation of results.
                 Assignments and examples are developed in collaboration
                 with the students' major departments to insure
                 relevance and interest to the students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fagin:1994:TYD,
  author =       "Barry Fagin",
  title =        "Two years of ``The Digital World'': portable
                 courseware for technological literacy",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "97--101",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191070",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We report here our cumulative 2-year experience with
                 the ``The Digital World'', a course designed to
                 increase the technological literacy of non-science
                 students. The course relies heavily on computer-aided
                 instruction, including the extensive use of electronic
                 lectures and multimedia. Students were able to acquire
                 a surprising level of sophistication by working with
                 examples of digital technology chosen from their daily
                 lives. Students were also able to identify weaknesses
                 in areas of current technology and public policy
                 similar to those identified by experts. We describe our
                 successes and failures, and present cumulative data on
                 performance, by major, class, and gender. All
                 courseware and applications for ``The Digital World''
                 are available from the author.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Etlinger:1994:PLL,
  author =       "Henry A. Etlinger and Michael J. Lutz",
  title =        "Professional literacy: labs for advanced programming
                 courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "102--105",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191072",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Our contention is that there now exists a considerable
                 body of lab exercises that may be used in conjunction
                 with introductory courses. There are fewer models
                 available for instructors of more advanced programming
                 courses, especially those courses which attempt to
                 introduce students to current practices in software
                 engineering. In this paper, we report on our
                 experiences in building a second-year programming
                 course that includes a significant lab and project
                 component. These labs and projects are the vehicle we
                 use to introduce students to the world of professional
                 practice in software development.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberge:1994:ULT,
  author =       "James Roberg{\'e} and Candice Suriano",
  title =        "Using laboratories to teach software engineering
                 principles in the introductory computer science
                 curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "106--110",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191074",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "If students are to internalize software engineering
                 concepts and incorporate them into their individual
                 software development styles, they must use these
                 concepts during the initial stages of their computer
                 science education. In this paper, we examine how
                 laboratories that emphasize software development can be
                 used to familiarize students with the basic elements of
                 software engineering during the introductory computer
                 science course sequence.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Scott:1994:TDS,
  author =       "Thomas J. Scott and Lee H. Tichenor and Ralph B.
                 {Bisland, Jr.} and James H. {Cross II}",
  title =        "Team dynamics in student programming projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "111--115",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191076",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper focuses on the interpersonal issues, often
                 referred to as ``team dynamics,'' that can become quite
                 important as students construct a large-scale
                 programming project. Differing methods in which teams
                 can develop phases of such projects are presented with
                 advantages and disadvantages for each topic discussed.
                 Various methods of student team selection and team
                 communication techniques are first considered. Then
                 various methods that can be used to define large-scale
                 student team projects are discussed. The effect of team
                 dynamics on the classic software engineering phases of
                 specification, implementation, testing, and evaluation
                 phases of student projects is discussed. Four project
                 scenarios that have been used in the authors' classes,
                 as well as rationales for these project designs are
                 discussed. The paper concludes with results derived
                 from using these scenarios in the classroom.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Denman:1994:DPF,
  author =       "Richard Denman and David A. Naumann and Walter Potter
                 and Gary Richter",
  title =        "Derivation of programs for freshmen",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "116--120",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191077",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lau:1994:TIF,
  author =       "Kung-Kiu Lau and Vicky J. Bush and Pete J. Jinks",
  title =        "Towards an introductory formal programming course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "121--125",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191079",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McFall:1994:FSM,
  author =       "Ryan McFall and Herbert L. Dershem",
  title =        "Finite state machine simulation in an introductory
                 lab",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "126--130",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191082",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goldweber:1994:NPT,
  author =       "Michael Goldweber and John Barr and Chuck Leska",
  title =        "A new perspective on teaching computer literacy",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "131--135",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191084",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The first step in designing a college level computer
                 literacy course is to define what is meant by computer
                 literacy. Unfortunately no consensus exists as to what
                 the label ``computer literate'' should imply. The
                 difficulty in both defining computer literacy and
                 designing a satisfactory computer literacy course is
                 evident by both the frequency of change and
                 experimentation occurring at many institutions and by
                 the forests of textbooks that exist for such a course.
                 In this paper we present a definition of computer
                 literacy that is independent of any specific
                 application or application genre and introduce the
                 notion of application literacy as distinct from that of
                 computer literacy. Finally we describe a course
                 implementation strategy commensurate with our
                 philosophy.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Zachary:1994:TBT,
  author =       "Joseph L. Zachary",
  title =        "Tutorial-based teaching of introductory programming
                 classes",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "136--140",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191085",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Arnow:1994:TPL,
  author =       "David Arnow",
  title =        "Teaching programming to liberal arts students: using
                 loop invariants",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "141--144",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191087",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Loop invariants have long been present in advanced
                 undergraduate and graduate courses on programming
                 methodology or program correctness. Recently there has
                 been an increased interest in using loop invariants in
                 teaching more elementary courses. In this paper, its
                 successful use in teaching elementary programming in a
                 computer literacy course for non-majors is described.
                 The techniques described here, that are necessary in
                 order to work successfully with this population, are
                 also applicable to the teaching of programming to
                 computer science majors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rozanski:1994:ADI,
  author =       "Evelyn P. Rozanski",
  title =        "Accreditation: does it enhance quality?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "145--149",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191090",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Accreditation, considered to be the one formal
                 mechanism for assessing quality in the postsecondary
                 environment, focuses on determining and encouraging
                 acceptable levels of educational quality. In
                 particular, specialized program accreditation is
                 purported to enhance program quality. This exploratory
                 study used a nationwide mail questionnaire to a
                 stratified random sampling of 100 department heads of
                 the units administering baccalaureate Computer Science
                 programs. The purpose was to gain an understanding of
                 how Computer Science programs and departments were
                 related to selected indicators of faculty and program
                 quality. Several differences and some similarities
                 exist between the accredited and non-accredited groups.
                 The median of the data for each indicator suggested a
                 quality breakpoint to be used in defining two indices.
                 It was found that for each of the two indices, the
                 accredited group outperformed the non-accredited group
                 by thirty percent. The implication is that Computer
                 Science programs that follow accreditation guidelines
                 have the potential for increasing their quality
                 indicators.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Scragg:1994:CSN,
  author =       "Greg Scragg and Doug Baldwin and Hans Koomen",
  title =        "Computer science needs an insight-based curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "150--154",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191092",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer science is a fundamentally creative
                 endeavour. The creativity necessary for science is not
                 produced through a knowledge of many facts, but through
                 deep insight into the relationships between facts and
                 the methods of inquiry through which they are
                 discovered. The goal of computer science education
                 should be the development of insight into the methods
                 and nature of the discipline, not simply exposure to
                 its current factual content. Unfortunately, few aspects
                 of insight are explicitly addressed in any standard
                 curricula. We call for, and present an outline for, a
                 curricula based on insight rather than topics.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knight:1994:UCS,
  author =       "John C. Knight and Jane C. Prey and Wm. A. Wulf",
  title =        "Undergraduate computer science education: a new
                 curriculum philosophy {\&} overview",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "155--159",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191093",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tureman:1994:CLS,
  author =       "Robert L. {Tureman, Jr.}",
  title =        "Computing laboratories and the small community
                 college: defining the directed computing laboratory in
                 the small college computing environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "160--163",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191094",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The small community college faces a unique set of
                 challenges in laboratory implementation. This paper
                 identifies the computing environment at a particular
                 small community college, discusses the instructional
                 content desired by the college, surveys various
                 approaches to laboratories, and offers the approach
                 that the college is using to implement appropriate
                 instructional computing labs. The suggested approach
                 provides for both an ``OPEN'' and ``SCHEDULED'' lab,
                 promotes instructor freedom as no one lab approach is
                 dictated by the lab setup, allows directed labs where
                 they are appropriate and documents that class contact
                 hours are set according to standards.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Geitz:1994:CCP,
  author =       "Robert Geitz",
  title =        "Concepts in the classroom, programming in the lab",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "164--168",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191096",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computing Curricula 1991 calls for breadth in the
                 undergraduate computer science curriculum. Many authors
                 have recommended structured laboratories for computer
                 science. This is a report on a project to combine these
                 goals in an introductory sequence of courses. We
                 present two courses in which all programming is done in
                 a laboratory environment, leaving the lectures for more
                 conceptual material that ranges over a broad selection
                 of topics. Student reactions to this project have been
                 very positive-we have increased the number of students
                 continuing with the major, as well as student
                 satisfaction with the courses themselves.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Oliver:1994:SDP,
  author =       "S. Ron Oliver and John Dalbey",
  title =        "A software development process laboratory for {CS1}
                 and {CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "169--173",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191097",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Typical introductory courses emphasize programming
                 constructs and language features, and are built around
                 many simple programming assignments that encourage
                 students to use those constructs and features, on a
                 feature-by-feature basis. This has the effect of
                 inculcating a quick and dirty, programming-in-the-small
                 mentality. Even if responsible development methods are
                 carefully taught in class, the assignments tend to be
                 so small and simple, any methods, other than just
                 writing the code, come to be seen as a nuisance, rather
                 than an aid to the process. Introductory students are
                 usually required to work individually, rather than in
                 teams, to ensure each acquires a minimum understanding
                 of the fundamentals. This has the effect of encouraging
                 students, during the formative stages, to develop
                 individualistic work habits, which are often
                 inconsistent with working in teams. Even though group
                 programming projects may be imposed on students in
                 later course work, these experiences are often too
                 late, or otherwise insufficient, to offset the habits
                 and styles established during the CS1 and CS2 courses.
                 Although laboratory components are becoming more common
                 for upper division Computer Science courses, they are
                 still relatively uncommon at the CS1 and CS2 level. We
                 propose a laboratory component for CS1 and CS2 that
                 will emphasize programming-in-the-large and group
                 projects. These and other aspects of the lab will help
                 students, in a positive way, to become comfortable with
                 practices and processes considered essential to do
                 software development. They will not only learn the
                 fundamentals more successfully, but they will also
                 develop habits and styles that will better server them
                 in their careers as Computer Scientists.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Finkel:1994:NPE,
  author =       "David Finkel and Surendar Chandra",
  title =        "{NetCp} --- a project environment for an undergraduate
                 computer networks course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "174--177",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191099",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Magagnosc:1994:SCO,
  author =       "David Magagnosc",
  title =        "Simulation in computer organization: a goals based
                 study",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "178--182",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191100",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gschwind:1994:RHE,
  author =       "Michael Gschwind",
  title =        "Reprogrammable hardware for educational purposes",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "183--187",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191102",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents a novel idea in teaching computer
                 architecture by using programmable hardware. Current
                 teaching models for computer architecture today are
                 either mostly theory-only or implementation oriented.
                 Theory-based architecture courses lack the feedback to
                 show students the effects of their decisions.
                 Implementation-oriented instruction emphasizes the
                 implementation aspects, that is, very low-level
                 implementation strategies, over CPU architecture and
                 forces the usage of very limited CPU designs to reduce
                 complexity. High cost and long manufacturing times are
                 other problems associated with this approach. We
                 propose to use field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)
                 to allow fast implementation of chip designs. This
                 allows for a fast debug cycle, as designs can be
                 altered and downloaded in a matter of hours. As FPGAs
                 are pretested, only logic functionality has to be
                 validated, reducing the time to get a workable
                 implementation of a chip considerably.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Calloni:1994:IPB,
  author =       "Ben A. Calloni and Donald J. Bagert",
  title =        "{ICONIC} programming in {BACCII} vs. textual
                 programming: which is a better learning environment?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "188--192",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191103",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents the empirical testing results on
                 students' learning in the CS1 PASCAL programming
                 course. This research is the continuation of a project
                 begun in 1990. In 1991, creation of a prototype Windows
                 based application for Personal Computers reached
                 completion. That system, called BACCII, is used to
                 teach beginning procedural programming. All but the
                 most basic operations are accomplished using icons.
                 When the algorithm is complete, the student can
                 generate syntactically correct source code for PASCAL,
                 C, FORTRAN, or BASIC. The system was evaluated with 126
                 college students in the Spring 1993 semester, randomly
                 assigned to laboratory sections. Fifty-two used BACCII
                 and VAX with the remaining 74 using VAX PASCAL alone.
                 The results showed significant improvement in academic
                 scores (and presumably learning) for the BACCII control
                 group.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Buckalew:1994:LA,
  author =       "Chris Buckalew and Alan Porter",
  title =        "The lecturer's assistant",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "193--197",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191105",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "For many centuries the chalkboard has been the primary
                 means of communication in the classroom, recently
                 augmented by the overhead projector. These media
                 provide one-way communication: from the lecturer to the
                 students. We describe a prototype system, called the
                 Lecturer's Assistant, which as its main feature enables
                 graphic communication from the students to the lecturer
                 and other students. This capability allows students to
                 easily ask questions or present ideas without leaving
                 their seats. The Lecturer's Assistant also provides the
                 lecturer with a complete electronic environment for the
                 preparation, presentation, and subsequent editing of
                 classroom overheads. The system is designed to be
                 portable and inexpensive to enable widespread usage in
                 the nation's university classrooms.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Waller:1994:FCC,
  author =       "William A. Waller",
  title =        "A framework for {CS1} and {CS2} laboratories",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "198--202",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191107",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The development and implementation of closed
                 laboratories in the undergraduate curriculum continues
                 to be an important trend in computer science education.
                 Most textbooks intended for use in CS1 and CS2 level
                 courses are now supplemented with closed laboratory
                 manuals. Many instructors have reported efforts to
                 incorporate closed labs into other courses as well. The
                 National Science Foundation has funded several projects
                 of both local and national scope aimed at promoting the
                 integration of closed laboratories into the
                 undergraduate curriculum. In this paper we describe the
                 experimental authorware system PHIL, which is designed
                 to create laboratory exercises for computer science
                 courses, particularly CS1 and CS2. The outputs of this
                 system are interactive MS Windows ``laboratory''
                 documents, which guide students through a series of
                 activities and questions. These activities and
                 questions are presented via windows which provide the
                 students with objectives, instructions, and different
                 types of controls for student responses (such as text
                 edit fields). Activity windows can be linked with
                 useful external applications, such as compilers,
                 through buttons to permit easy access. Menu choices
                 allow the student to save and retrieve lab documents
                 from disk, as well as print equivalent hard-copy
                 versions of the documents. Authors using the system can
                 create new lab programs by customizing and recombining
                 pre-existing activities, or can create entirely new
                 activities based on predefined templates. The PHL
                 system is based on parallel hierarchies of lab activity
                 objects developed using Borland C++ and ObjectWindows,
                 the Borland framework for creating MS Windows
                 applications. The goals of this system are to encourage
                 reuse of lab material developed for CS1 and CS2
                 courses, to provide a convenient and extensible
                 environment for developing CS lab material, and to
                 provide a stimulating and sophisticated closed lab
                 environment for lower division CS courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Prince:1994:GGT,
  author =       "Charles Prince and Roger L. Wainwright and Dale A.
                 Schoenefeld and Travis Tull",
  title =        "{GATutor}: a graphical tutorial system for genetic
                 algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "203--207",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191119",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper we discuss the design and implementation
                 of GATutor, a graphical tutorial system for genetic
                 algorithms (GA). The X Window/Motif system provides
                 powerful tools for the development of a user interfaces
                 with a familiar feel and look. We implemented the
                 Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) and the Set Covering
                 Problem (SCP) as two example GA problems in the
                 tutorial. The TSP problem uses an order-based
                 chromosome representation (permutation of n objects),
                 while the SCP uses bit strings. The user has numerous
                 buttons to select the GA parameters. These include (a)
                 type of initial population: random or from a file, (b)
                 mode: steady-state or generational, (c) population
                 size, (d) maximum number of generations or trials, (e)
                 generation gap, (f) selection mode, (g) selection bias,
                 (h) selection of the crossover operation from a choice
                 of several possibilities, (i) mutation method, (j)
                 mutation rate, (k) replacement method, (l), elitism,
                 etc. The user has the ability to do a step by step
                 execution or to do a continuous run. The screen layout
                 provides visual representation of the chromosomes in
                 the population with the ability to scroll. This gives
                 the user the option of varying one or two GA parameters
                 to visually see the effect on the algorithm. One of
                 most important features of this tutorial is the set of
                 help screens that explain, with examples, all of the
                 options for each of the GA parameters. This package has
                 already been very useful for teaching the fundamental
                 features of GAs in many different courses, and it has
                 been very valuable in our GA research projects.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Blythe:1994:LLV,
  author =       "Stephen A. Blythe and Michael C. James and Susan H.
                 Rodger",
  title =        "{LLparse} and {LRparse}: visual and interactive tools
                 for parsing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "208--212",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191121",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes instructional tools, LLparse and
                 LRparse, for visualizing and interacting with small
                 examples of LL and LR parsing. These tools can be used
                 to understand the process of constructing LL(1) and
                 LR(1) parse tables through a series of steps in which
                 users receive feedback on the correctness of each step
                 before moving on to the next step. For example, in
                 LRparse, the user initially enters an LR(1) grammar,
                 calculates FIRST and FOLLOW sets, graphically
                 constructs a deterministic finite automaton of item
                 sets, and finally constructs the LR(1) parsing table.
                 Upon completion of the constructed table, the user can
                 observe a visualization of the parsing of input
                 strings. These tools can be used to provide problem
                 solving feedback in courses on automata theory or
                 compiler design.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Heck:1994:DPP,
  author =       "Patrick Heck",
  title =        "Dynamic programming for pennies a day",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "213--217",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191122",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An elegant solution to a fun problem is presented as a
                 way to introduce dynamic programming. This problem, the
                 Nine Tails, can be used as an introductory supplement
                 to the traditional examples offered in many textbooks
                 which cover dynamic programming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dooley:1994:CV,
  author =       "John F. Dooley and Daniel C. {St. Clair} and William
                 E. Bond",
  title =        "Computing $ \chi^2 $ values",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "218--222",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191124",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Textbooks and courses on numerical algorithms contain
                 numerous examples which lead students to believe that
                 the algorithm of choice for computing the zeros of a
                 function f(x) is Newton's algorithm. In many of these
                 courses little or no time is spent in providing
                 students with ``real world'' experiences where Newton's
                 method fails. The work presented in this paper
                 describes a slow convergence problem encountered while
                 trying to use Newton to estimate values for the $
                 \chi^2 $ distribution. The problem occurred while the
                 authors were trying to implement a well-known machine
                 learning algorithm from the field of artificial
                 intelligence. The function being evaluated and the
                 convergence problem with Newton's method is described.
                 Numerical results are given that indicate that a hybrid
                 algorithm consisting of Newton and the nonderivative
                 bisection algorithm not only provides good results but
                 quickly and consistently converges.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wolz:1994:IMP,
  author =       "Ursula Wolz and Edward Conjura",
  title =        "Integrating mathematics and programming into a three
                 tiered model for computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "223--227",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191126",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Khuri:1994:IGR,
  author =       "Sami Khuri",
  title =        "Intractability: a geometric representation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "228--232",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191127",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper introduces a geometric representation that
                 can be applied to illustrate the complexity of some
                 combinatorial optimization problems. In this work, it
                 is applied to the 0/1 knapsack problem and to a special
                 case of a scheduling problem. This representation gives
                 insight into the difference between tractable and
                 intractable problems. It can therefore be used as a
                 stepping stone to compare polynomial (P) and
                 nondeterministic polynomial (NP) problems, before
                 venturing into the world of NP-completeness.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gersting:1994:SEF,
  author =       "Judith L. Gersting",
  title =        "A software engineering ``frosting'' on a traditional
                 {CS}-1 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "233--237",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191129",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Astrachan:1994:SRI,
  author =       "Owen Astrachan",
  title =        "Self-reference is an illustrative essential",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "238--242",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191131",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper includes an abstract, a discussion of the
                 usefulness of self-reference in early computer science
                 courses, and some examples to illustrate this
                 usefulness. Most readers will not be troubled by this
                 example of self-referential writing. Why then is
                 self-reference, usually in the form of recursive
                 subprograms, thought to be so onerous as to be placed
                 in its own left-until-the-end-and-often-uncovered
                 chapter in most introductory texts? Self-reference is
                 one of the cornerstones of computer science from the
                 unsolvability of the halting problem, to writing a
                 Pascal compiler in Pascal, to reveling in the beauty of
                 Quicksort. We argue that the notion of self-reference
                 should permeate first courses in computer science. If
                 this is to be the case such courses should take a view
                 far broader than ``Wow, I can average 10 numbers with
                 the skills I learned in my first programming
                 course!''",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bruce:1994:AKB,
  author =       "Kim B. Bruce",
  title =        "Attracting ({\&} keeping) the best and the brightest:
                 an entry-level course for experienced introductory
                 students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "243--247",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191132",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper addresses the design of an exciting
                 introductory course for entering college students who
                 have some programming background. The key innovation of
                 the course is the introduction of material pertaining
                 to experimental graph reduction and dataflow
                 architectures for highly-parallel computers. The
                 success of the course is attributed to interesting,
                 well-integrated material and the use of
                 visually-oriented interactive simulators for the
                 architectures.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kushan:1994:PPT,
  author =       "Barbara Kushan",
  title =        "Preparing programming teachers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "248--252",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191134",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lelewer:1994:SCC,
  author =       "Debra A. Lelewer",
  title =        "A seminar course in computer ethics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "253--257",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191136",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the transformation of a required
                 Senior Seminar course. The transformed course
                 emphasizes ethical, social, political, legal, and
                 economic aspects of computing. In addition, the new
                 rendition of the course increases the requirement for
                 oral and written communication. We describe the
                 previous definition of the course, goals of the
                 redesign, and students' reactions to both the new and
                 old versions. To this author's surprise, student
                 satisfaction is higher with the new course, although it
                 requires more of them. We discuss course organization,
                 and suggest assignments and teaching strategy. The
                 course was a joy to teach and, fortunately, a very
                 pleasant and meaningful experience for the students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clarke:1994:PPG,
  author =       "Valerie A. Clarke and G. Joy Teague",
  title =        "A psychological perspective on gender differences in
                 computing participation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "258--262",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191137",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Any observant teacher of computer science at secondary
                 or post-secondary level in an English-speaking country
                 has probably noticed that there are considerably more
                 boys than girls in the class. Many are concerned that
                 there are able girls who would enjoy the challenge of a
                 computing career who are choosing not to study computer
                 science, students who may be more capable than many of
                 the boys selecting these studies. The aim of this paper
                 is to look at some of the factors which may influences
                 the students' decisions to study computer science: the
                 nature of the workforce, the prevalence of male and
                 female role models, stereotyping of computing careers,
                 culturally specific factors, perceived gender
                 differences in ability, attitudes to computing, the
                 organization of computing classes, approaches to
                 assessment, and mentoring.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Moore:1994:ASC,
  author =       "Thomas Moore and Michael Wick and Blaine Peden",
  title =        "Assessing student's critical thinking skills and
                 attitudes toward computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "263--267",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191139",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This report describes several evaluation procedures
                 used to assess the effectiveness of a newly-developed
                 introductory computer science curriculum. The authors
                 describe the development of a tool to evaluate changes
                 in student's attitudes toward the computer science
                 discipline. The process used to develop this survey is
                 presented, along with several interesting preliminary
                 results. The authors also describe the use of an
                 existing tool in the evaluation of the development of
                 student's critical thinking skills.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hafen:1994:DWS,
  author =       "Marguerite Hafen",
  title =        "Developing writing skills in computer science
                 students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "268--270",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191141",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lopez:1994:URP,
  author =       "Antonio M. {Lopez, Jr.} and Kenneth C. {Messa, Jr.}",
  title =        "An undergraduate research program in multi-paradigm
                 software design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "271--275",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191142",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tymann:1994:DUS,
  author =       "Paul T. Tymann and Douglas Lea and Rajendra K. Raj",
  title =        "Developing an undergraduate software engineering
                 program in a liberal arts college",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "276--280",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191143",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rifkin:1994:EIE,
  author =       "Adam Rifkin",
  title =        "{eText}: an interactive environment for learning
                 parallel programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "281--285",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191145",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "How can parallel programming be made tractable for
                 students in high schools and community colleges, to
                 programmers in four-year colleges, to commercial and
                 government employees, to interested independent users
                 learning on their own, and as CASE tools for
                 professional software designers? We aim not only to
                 enable people to use more powerful computers, but also
                 to enable people to use computers more powerfully, by
                 nurturing the techniques that enable them to develop
                 efficient, correct code with relative ease. This paper
                 briefly presents the concept of an Archetype, a
                 software engineering methodology developed at the
                 Caltech for patterns of problem solving, and for
                 providing media for quick reference and natural
                 software reuse. We then describe eText, an interactive
                 multimedia electronic textbook that facilitates the
                 teaching of, navigating through, and referring to
                 Archetypes. Initial experience with Archetypes and the
                 electronic textbook suggests that this approach to
                 teaching parallel programming can aid computer users in
                 the immediate future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Finkel:1994:TCH,
  author =       "David Finkel and Chet Hooker and Scott Salvidio and
                 Mark Sullivan and Christopher Thomas",
  title =        "Teaching {C++} to high school students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "286--289",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191151",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "C++ was used to teach programming to beginning
                 programming students in a summer program for
                 high-ability high school students. We discuss the
                 reasons for choosing C++, how we presented it to this
                 group of students, and the results of this experiment.
                 Some suggestions are presented for others interested in
                 teaching C++ to novice programmers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Baldwin:1994:TFI,
  author =       "Doug Baldwin and Greg Scragg and Hans Koomen",
  title =        "A three-fold introduction to computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "290--294",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191153",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We have developed a new introduction to the computer
                 science major, consisting of two courses, called
                 Science of Computing 1 and Science of Computing 2. This
                 sequence emphasizes balanced development of basic
                 abilities in all three of computer science's
                 fundamental methods of inquiry (design, theory, and
                 empirical analysis), as opposed to the more traditional
                 emphasis on programming and data structures. Science of
                 Computing 1 introduces students to all three methods of
                 inquiry, in the context of recursive algorithms and
                 their mathematical and experimental analysis. Science
                 of Computing 2 extends, and provides extensive practice
                 in, all three methods. Both courses use a strongly
                 hands-on approach to demonstrate the importance of, and
                 interactions between, the three methods of inquiry.
                 Preliminary results indicate that these courses
                 successfully teach basic design, theory, and empirical
                 analysis, and encourage students to continue studying
                 computer science at a rate as high as or higher than
                 that of traditional introductory courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Biermann:1994:THM,
  author =       "Alan W. Biermann and Amr F. Fahmy and Curry Guinn and
                 David Pennock and Dietolf Ramm and Peter Wu",
  title =        "Teaching a hierarchical model of computation with
                 animation software in the first course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "295--299",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191154",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pattis:1994:TEF,
  author =       "Richard E. Pattis",
  title =        "Teaching {EBNF} first in {CS 1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "300--303",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191155",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper is a guided tour through the first day of a
                 CS 1 course. It discusses teaching Extended Backus-Naur
                 Form (EBNF) as the first topic-not to facilitate
                 presenting the syntax of a programming language, but
                 because EBNF is a microcosm of programming. With no
                 prerequisites, students are introduced to a variety of
                 fundamental concepts in programming: formal systems,
                 abstraction, control structures, equivalence of
                 descriptions, the difference between syntax and
                 semantics, and the relative power of recursion versus
                 iteration. As a non-numeric formal system, EBNF
                 provides a small but concrete context in which to study
                 all these topics. EBNF descriptions include abstraction
                 (named rules) and the four fundamental control
                 structures (sequence, decision, repetition, and
                 recursion). Because there are no data or parameters in
                 EBNF, it is easy to sidestep tricky issues surrounding
                 variables, scope, assignment statements, and parameter
                 modes. Describing entitles in EBNF is similar to
                 describing computations in a programming language.
                 Students learn to read a description and analyze
                 whether it generates/matches candidate symbols; then
                 they learn to synthesize descriptions from English
                 specifications, augmented by legal and illegal
                 exemplars of symbols. All these concepts can be covered
                 in one lecture, establishing a high level of formality
                 early in the course, while foreshadowing actual
                 programming language features and techniques to be
                 covered later. Of course, learning EBNF also
                 facilitates presenting the syntax of a programming
                 language concisely during the rest of the course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sabin:1994:CLI,
  author =       "Roberta Evans Sabin and Edward P. Sabin",
  title =        "Collaborative learning in an introductory computer
                 science course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "304--308",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191156",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An experiment in collaborative learning was conducted
                 in two introductory programming courses at Loyola
                 College in Maryland. Data collected included background
                 information on students; course evaluations; and before
                 and after measures on programming knowledge and
                 attitudes. The collaborative learning class showed more
                 improvement pre-test to post-test than did the control
                 class and rated the course somewhat higher. Attitudes
                 of both groups towards the field of computing and
                 towards the value of group discussion in class were
                 more resistant to change.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wills:1994:PLI,
  author =       "Craig E. Wills and David Finkel and Michael A. Gennert
                 and Matthew O. Ward",
  title =        "Peer learning in an introductory computer science
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "309--313",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191157",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A problem in teaching large introductory computer
                 science courses is to overcome the impersonality of the
                 large lecture class and to provide more personal
                 attention to individual students. Our approach is to
                 use peer learning experiences to instill in students
                 the need to take responsibility for their learning and
                 for the learning of those around them. Recent work has
                 shown that educational quality for students and
                 productivity for faculty can be enhanced through use of
                 peer-learning environments where students do not just
                 learn and faculty do not just teach. The novel aspects
                 of our work are to apply group learning in a large
                 introductory computer science class setting and to
                 expect more responsibility on the part of students for
                 their learning. In support of these goals we have
                 introduced the use of upper-level undergraduate
                 students to help facilitate student group interaction.
                 In addition, we have developed software to minimize the
                 administrative overhead of handling many groups and for
                 students to electronically record group learning
                 activities.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sullivan:1994:RPR,
  author =       "Sarah L. Sullivan",
  title =        "Reciprocal peer reviews",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "314--318",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191158",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Reciprocal peer reviews empower students to master
                 computer science concepts. This industry practice
                 employs peer-to-peer communication within an egoless
                 team structure. As pedagogy, reviews provide a
                 human-interaction laboratory setting where students:
                 hone teamwork and communication skills, master the peer
                 review process, and learn to learn from each other.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tewari:1994:OOL,
  author =       "Rajiv Tewari and David Gitlin",
  title =        "On object-oriented libraries in the undergraduate
                 curriculum: importance and effectiveness",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "319--323",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191159",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "As the object-oriented paradigm becomes increasingly
                 important in the computer science curriculum, educators
                 will face a new set of challenges and issues. One of
                 these new issues will be the role that programming
                 libraries should assume in teaching both software
                 engineering methodologies and recurring concepts in
                 computer science. Object-oriented languages place a
                 strong emphasis on both code and design reuse, and data
                 abstraction via encapsulation, in order to model
                 complex problem domains. Libraries provide the primary
                 technology for reuse and storage of modules. As a
                 result, they assume great importance in this
                 programming methodology. This paper explores
                 pedagogical issues related to object-oriented class
                 libraries and presents empirical evidence based on an
                 exploratory study conducted by us. Experimental results
                 indicate the superiority of object-oriented class
                 libraries in writing data-structure intensive
                 applications.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Holt:1994:IUO,
  author =       "Richard C. Holt",
  title =        "Introducing undergraduates to object orientation using
                 the {Turing} language",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "324--328",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191160",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Object-oriented programming was introduced in the
                 1980s and is now being used extensively in industry,
                 but academia has not generally included it as a main
                 stream topic for instruction. Part of the difficulty is
                 the lack of good software to support teaching of object
                 orientation. This paper describes an approach that
                 teaches OO concepts across the Computer Science
                 undergraduate curriculum, beginning in the introductory
                 course, using the Object-Oriented Turing system.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Meter:1994:EST,
  author =       "Glenn Meter and Philip Miller",
  title =        "Engaging Students and Teaching Modern Concepts:
                 Literate, Situated, Object-Oriented Programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "329--333",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191161;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/191029.191161",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-646-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-646-2",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1994.html#MeterM94;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/litprog.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1994.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes our experience in using situated
                 programming to deliver modern computer science concepts
                 in the introductory programming course at Carnegie
                 Mellon University. We used an artificial life
                 simulation and taught object-oriented programming as
                 well as more traditional material. The course was an
                 experience, not an experiment, since many aspects of
                 the course simultaneously changed from prior offerings.
                 Nevertheless, what we saw was fundamental and
                 potentially far-reaching. The most important result was
                 that students were intellectually engaged. They came to
                 grips with basic object-oriented programming, they
                 mastered the topics of procedural programming, they
                 learned first hand about computer simulation, they
                 learned perhaps a bit about biology. Most importantly,
                 through it all they used programming to express and
                 explore their own powerful and novel ideas.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  affiliation =  "Sch. of Comput. Sci., Carnegie Mellon Univ.,
                 Pittsburgh, PA, USA",
  classification = "C0220 (Education and training); C6110J
                 (Object-oriented programming); C6185 (Simulation
                 techniques)",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "Artificial life simulation; Carnegie Mellon; Computer
                 science concepts; Computer simulation; Introductory
                 programming course; Literate programming; Modern
                 concepts; Object-oriented programming; Procedural
                 programming; Situated programming",
  thesaurus =    "Computer science education; Digital simulation;
                 Object-oriented programming; Teaching",
}

@Article{House:1994:ASC,
  author =       "Donald House and David Levine",
  title =        "The art and science of computer graphics: a very
                 depth-first approach to the non-majors course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "334--338",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191162",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a course in computer graphics
                 which is designed for students with little or no
                 background in computer science. The course is centered
                 around custom software which was designed with the
                 pedagogical goals in mind. The goals of the course, the
                 software, and some experiences at two institutions are
                 discussed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Khuri:1994:UBS,
  author =       "Sami Khuri and Jason Williams",
  title =        "Understanding the bottom-up {SLR} parser",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "339--343",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191163",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes an application of one of the
                 important abstract concepts taught in a compiler
                 construction course. It demonstrates how the techniques
                 behind the bottom-up SLR parser can be used to perform
                 computer animation. The different phases of the
                 implementation presented are identical to the ones used
                 by the traditional compiler for parsing source codes
                 written in high-level languages. This application can
                 be used either to explain the different phases of the
                 traditional compiler, or as an illustration of the
                 bottom-up SLR parsing techniques applied in a
                 non-traditional environment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartley:1994:AOS,
  author =       "Stephen J. Hartley",
  title =        "Animating operating systems algorithms with {XTANGO}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "344--348",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191164",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In operating systems courses, students study the major
                 algorithms used in operating systems to manage the
                 various objects and resources in a computing system:
                 processes, files, buffer space, processors, messages,
                 main memory, semaphores, and disk storage. Various
                 classical synchronization problems such as the dining
                 philosophers, the readers and writers, and the
                 producers and consumers with bounded buffer are also
                 analyzed. Even though the computing systems being
                 studied are getting more and more powerful, these
                 algorithms and classical problems are usually analyzed
                 using blackboard, chalk, pencil, and paper. This paper
                 describes an X-windows based package called xtango that
                 was used to animate some of the algorithms and
                 classical problems studied in operating systems. One
                 animation typical of those that have been developed is
                 presented. Students can use these animations during
                 study outside the classroom for a better understanding
                 of the algorithms. Instructors can use the animations
                 to facilitate the presentation of the algorithms in the
                 classroom.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Katsinis:1994:DMP,
  author =       "Constantine Katsinis",
  title =        "The development of a multi-processor personal computer
                 in a senior computer design laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "349--352",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191165",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the development of a senior
                 computer design laboratory, the purpose of which is to
                 provide an environment where the computer design
                 experience is as realistic and complete as possible for
                 each student. In this laboratory, which is required for
                 the whole senior year, students undertake the design of
                 a CPU-based system that may be stand-alone or a part of
                 another system. The design effort is as complete as
                 possible, starting with a development proposal,
                 including the hardware design and construction, and
                 development of all necessary software in the C
                 language, and concluding with extensive documentation.
                 Thus, the students are encouraged to put to use a
                 considerable amount of knowledge acquired in previous
                 courses including computer architecture and
                 interfacing, algorithm, languages and operating
                 systems. They become members in groups that design
                 components, with complexity approaching levels found in
                 commercial products and are well prepared to become
                 computer engineers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Duckworth:1994:IPP,
  author =       "R. James Duckworth",
  title =        "Introducing parallel processing concepts using the
                 {MASPAR MP}-1 computer",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "353--356",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191166",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{John:1994:NSP,
  author =       "David J. John",
  title =        "{NSF} supported projects: parallel computation as an
                 integrated component in the undergraduate curriculum in
                 computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "357--361",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191167",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kmoch:1994:CUS,
  author =       "Joseph W. Kmoch and Mark Stehlik",
  title =        "The creation and use of scoring standards (rubrics):
                 experiences with the advanced placement computer
                 science exam (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "362--363",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191168",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Owens:1994:NMC,
  author =       "Barbara Boucher Owens and Robert D. Cupper and Stuart
                 Hirshfield and Walter Potter and Richard Salter",
  title =        "New models for the {CS1} course: what are they and are
                 they leading to the same place?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "364--365",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191169",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Proulx:1994:UGP,
  author =       "Viera Proulx and Harriet Fell and Richard Rasala and
                 Johannes A. G. M. Koomen and Carol W. Wilson",
  title =        "Using graphical presentation techniques in closed
                 laboratory exercises (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "366",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191170",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The panelists will share their experiences in
                 developing closed laboratory exercises for lower level
                 CS courses with particular emphasis on using graphical
                 presentation techniques as a pedological and
                 motivational tool. The use of interactive animations
                 and visualization is combined with structured support
                 for the student programmer to provide an apprentice
                 style learning environment. Three major threads form
                 the backbone of this curriculum. The first is the use
                 of interactive animations and experimentation programs
                 to introduce and illustrate dynamic processes --- e.g.,
                 algorithm behavior, or changes in data structures over
                 a period of time. The second thread is the use of
                 graphics in student programs, not only as motivation,
                 but also as a visual feedback and debugging tool. The
                 third thread trying all together is the extensive use
                 of model programs, shell drivers, toolkits, and
                 procedures that encapsulate abstractions. These
                 programming tools support the apprentice style of
                 learning and illustrate good software design and
                 practice throughout the curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Moses:1994:TFW,
  author =       "Louise E. Moses and Rachelle D. Isles and Frances
                 Grundy and Danielle R. Bernstein and Valerie A. Clarke
                 and G. Joy Teague",
  title =        "Too few women! Too few minorities! What can we do?
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "367--368",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191171",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1994:DCF,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker and Kim Bruce and James Bradley and
                 Tom Whaley",
  title =        "Describing the {CS} forest to undergraduates
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "369--370",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191172",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chapman:1994:CSA,
  author =       "Gail Chapman and Sarah Fix and Owen Astrachan and
                 Joseph Kmoch and Michael Clancy",
  title =        "Case studies in the advanced placement computer
                 science curriculum (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "371",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191173",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shaffer:1994:OIT,
  author =       "Dale Shaffer and George J. Davis and Keith Jolly and
                 Martyn Roberts and Miriam Roy",
  title =        "Opportunities in international teacher exchanges
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "372",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191174",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cook:1994:TIA,
  author =       "Dave Cook and Eugene Bingue",
  title =        "Tutorial introduction to {Ada 9X} (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "373",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191175",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Arnow:1994:TTD,
  author =       "David Arnow and Owen Astrachan and James Kiper and
                 Robert Workman and Paula Whitlock and Brent Auernheimer
                 and John Rager",
  title =        "Themes and tapestries: a diversity of approaches to
                 computer science for liberal arts students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "374--375",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191176",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Granger:1994:CCE,
  author =       "Mary J. Granger and Mary R. Vorgert and Joyce Currie
                 Little and Lois Zells",
  title =        "Creating an {I}-{CASE} environment (abstract):
                 pitfalls and promises",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "376--377",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191178",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Troeger:1994:TFM,
  author =       "Douglas R. Troeger",
  title =        "Tutorial-formal methods in the first course
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "378",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191180",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Impagliazzo:1994:IPC,
  author =       "John Impagliazzo and J. Dennis Bjornson and Dennis J.
                 Frailey and Jeanette Horan and Gerald H. Thomas",
  title =        "An industry perspective on computer science
                 accreditation (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "379--380",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191182",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kay:1994:AGA,
  author =       "David G. Kay and Terry Scott and Peter Isaacson and
                 Kenneth A. Reek",
  title =        "Automated grading assistance for student programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "381--382",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191184",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Berman:1994:UCC,
  author =       "A. Michael Berman and Rick Decker and Dung X. Nguyen
                 and Richard J. Reid and Eugene Wallingford",
  title =        "Using {C++} in {CS1\slash CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "383--384",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191186",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCormick:1994:TAB,
  author =       "John W. McCormick and Fintan Culwin and Nicholas J.
                 DeLillo and Michael B. Feldman and Richard Pattis and
                 Walter J. Savitch",
  title =        "Teaching {Ada} by the book: the pedagogy of {Ada} in
                 {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "385--386",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191187",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Epstein:1994:MAD,
  author =       "Steven Epstein and Marla Fischer and Forouzan Golshani
                 and Catherine Ricardo",
  title =        "Multimedia across the disciplines",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "387--388",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191189",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The use of multimedia, including voice, music, text,
                 still images, and full motion video is becoming more
                 and more widespread in education at all levels. Faculty
                 must consider how to utilize the power of this
                 technology to motivate students and to improve
                 learning. The presenters will discuss how they have
                 developed and used multimedia to enhance classroom
                 presentations in various disciplines and how students
                 have responded to this new technology.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kallman:1994:TEC,
  author =       "Ernest A. Kallman and John P. Grillo",
  title =        "Teaching ethics in {IS} courses (abstract): everything
                 you always wanted to know but were afraid to ask",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "389",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191190",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{DeLoatch:1994:SCS,
  author =       "Sandra J. DeLoatch and Ernest C. Ackermann and John
                 Urquhart and Lynn Ziegler",
  title =        "Scaling up computer science with efficient learning
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "390--391",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191192",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCauley:1994:OIT,
  author =       "Ren{\'e}e A. McCauley and Evans J. Adams and Donald
                 Gotterbarn and Linda M. Northrop and Hossein Saiedian
                 and Stuart Zweben",
  title =        "Organizational issues in teaching project-oriented
                 software engineering courses (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "392--393",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191198",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brown:1994:TTH,
  author =       "David W. Brown and Michael A. Sheets and Randy L.
                 Myers and Jeremy A. Freed and Allan Cameron and
                 Patricia Amavisca and Theresa Cuprak and Brian Pollack
                 and Chris Stephenson",
  title =        "A tale of two high school computer science programs
                 and how the {ACM} model high school computer science
                 curriculum may shape their future (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "394--395",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191200",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hirshfield:1994:OOP,
  author =       "Stuart Hirshfield and Owen Astrachan and John Barr and
                 Karen Donnelly and David Levine and Mark McGinn",
  title =        "Object-oriented programming (abstract): how to ``scale
                 up'' {CS 1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "396",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191203",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Scott:1994:HII,
  author =       "Thomas J. Scott and Ralph B. {Bisland, Jr.} and Lee H.
                 Tichenor and James H. {Cross II}",
  title =        "Handling interpersonal issues for student team
                 projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "397--398",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191205",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nevison:1994:TPC,
  author =       "Chris Nevison",
  title =        "Teaching parallel computing on a message-passing
                 architecture (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "399",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191207",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Miller:1994:FPI,
  author =       "Philip Miller and Michael J. Clancy and Andrea A.
                 diSessa and Jeremy Roschelle and Michael Eisenberg and
                 Mark Guzdial and Elliot Soloway and Mitchel Resnick",
  title =        "The future of programming instruction (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "400",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191029.191208;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191208",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-646-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-646-2",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "Compendex database; DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1994.html#MillerCdREGSR94;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/common-lisp.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Compiler/common-lisp.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1994.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  affiliation =  "Carnegie Mellon Univ",
  affiliationaddress = "Pittsburgh, USA",
  classification = "721.1; 723.1; 723.1.1; 723.5; 901.2",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  journalabr =   "SIGCSE Bull",
  keywords =     "Common Lisp; Computational linguistics; Computational
                 media; Computational thought; Computer aided
                 instruction; Computer programming; Computer programming
                 languages; Curriculum; High level languages; Lisp
                 (programming language); Programming courses;
                 Programming instruction; Teaching",
}

@Article{Caristi:1994:ACS,
  author =       "James Caristi and Nell Dale and Bill Marion and Joe
                 Turner",
  title =        "Assessment in computer science (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "401--402",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191210",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Klee:1994:AWN,
  author =       "Karl Klee and Richard Austing and Robert Campbell and
                 Joyce Currie Little",
  title =        "Articulation: who needs it? your students do!
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "403",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191212",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Smith:1994:LSF,
  author =       "Wayne D. Smith",
  title =        "A laboratory to support a first course in data
                 communications using personal computers and {Turbo
                 Pascal} (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "404",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191213",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barker:1994:CTB,
  author =       "Keith Barker and Andrew P. Bernat and Robert D. Cupper
                 and Charles F. Kelemen and Allen B. Tucker",
  title =        "Class testing the breadth-first curriculum (abstract):
                 summary results for courses {I}-{IV}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "405--406",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191214",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fowler:1994:ECI,
  author =       "W. A. Lawrence Fowler and R. H. Fowler",
  title =        "An environment for {CS} integrating hypertext, program
                 design and language facilities (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "407",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191216",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hastings:1994:SAI,
  author =       "David Hastings",
  title =        "A scalable approach to integrating object oriented
                 programming into the undergraduate liberal arts
                 curriculum (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "407",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191220",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lodgher:1994:PAT,
  author =       "Akhtar Lodgher and Hisham Al-Haddad",
  title =        "A practical approach for teaching reuse in a data
                 structures course using {Ada} (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "407",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191223",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Green:1994:TTS,
  author =       "Jim Green and Stacey B. Zaremba",
  title =        "A target tracking system applied to swimming rats: an
                 interdisciplinary project in computer science and
                 psychology (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "408",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191330",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jessup:1994:TPC,
  author =       "Peter G. Jessup",
  title =        "Teaching parallel computing with Multi-Pascal
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "408",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191329",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McNally:1994:VSA,
  author =       "Myles F. McNally",
  title =        "Visualization of sorting algorithms (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "408",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191328",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1994:CSL,
  author =       "David K. Walker and Hamid Chahryar and James W. Moore
                 and David S. Tucker",
  title =        "Computer science lecture room demonstration experiment
                 in event counting (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "408",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191327",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Almstrum:1994:RRC,
  author =       "Vicki L. Almstrum and Cheng-Chih Wu and Debra Burton",
  title =        "A resource for research in computer science education:
                 the {CSedRes} toolbox (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "409",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191331",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Berard:1994:UTS,
  author =       "Anthony D. {Berard, Jr.}",
  title =        "Using the {TOPAS} solid modeling and animation system
                 to animate science models (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "409",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191334",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nohl:1994:UPA,
  author =       "Daniel E. Nohl",
  title =        "Using profiling to analyze algorithms (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "409",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191335",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Smith:1994:PPA,
  author =       "Harry F. Smith",
  title =        "In pursuit of parallelism (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "409",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191332",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brooks:1994:APM,
  author =       "Marc W. Brooks and John R. Chang and Ryan C. Horner
                 and David W. Brown",
  title =        "Analysis of personal mail attributes in a computer
                 mediated communication environment (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "410",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191339",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brown:1994:HSP,
  author =       "David W. Brown",
  title =        "High school participation in the Association for
                 Computing Machinery (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "410",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191337",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ford:1994:RGH,
  author =       "Matthew A. Ford and Elise N. Cassidente and J. Suzanne
                 Rothrock and David W. Brown and Daniel Miller",
  title =        "The role of gender in high school computer mediated
                 communication (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "410",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191341",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sheets:1994:CUV,
  author =       "Michael A. Sheets and Michael A. Vance and Jeremy A.
                 Freed and David W. Brown",
  title =        "{Compuquake}: upheaval of a virtual community
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "410",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/191033.191342",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:24 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jarc:1994:DSU,
  author =       "Duane J. Jarc",
  title =        "Data structures: a unified view",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "2--4",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181651",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Whether teaching data structures at the elementary or
                 advanced level, it is helpful for students to see the
                 various data structures as parts of a unified whole.
                 The unified view discussed in this paper categorizes
                 data structures into four levels of increasing
                 abstraction. It emphasizes the relative nature of
                 abstraction and representation---what is an abstraction
                 at one level can also be viewed as the representation
                 for another abstraction at a higher level.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tinkham:1994:SOT,
  author =       "Nancy Lynn Tinkham and Darren F. Provine",
  title =        "The stage one {Turing} test as an artificial
                 intelligence class exercise",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "5--8",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181652",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes an implementation of the
                 man-woman Turing test as a class exercise in an
                 artificial intelligence course. The exercise helps
                 students to understand more clearly the difficulties
                 and challenges involved in designing an artificially
                 intelligent computer to pass the more famous
                 person-computer Turing test.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bloom:1994:SSC,
  author =       "Bard Bloom and Alan Fekete",
  title =        "Self-sufficiency and critical thinking in the
                 programming languages course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "9--18",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181654",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe a project in a standard course in
                 Programming Languages. This project forces students to
                 display self-sufficiency and critical thinking skills.
                 The students are given the documentation and
                 interpreter for {\tt smeagol}, a small invented
                 language which resembles the control language for many
                 text-processors, spreadsheets, and so forth. They are
                 expected to learn (within two days) enough to write
                 working non-trivial programs. They then must write an
                 evaluation of the language, documentation, and system.
                 In this paper, we explain many specific features of the
                 project, and discuss its effectiveness.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gueraud:1994:SEC,
  author =       "V. Gueraud and J. P. Cagnat and J. P. David and J. P.
                 Pernin",
  title =        "Software environments for computer aided education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "19--25",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181656",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In the first part, we describe an example of an
                 hypermedia tool for education, the Arcade laboratory.
                 It illustrates our ideas about how to offer
                 complementary resources to both teacher and student. In
                 the second part, we analyze two kinds of production
                 environment. The first one (Smalltalk) is based on the
                 object-oriented approach: it reduces production work by
                 making it easy to reuse predefined components, but it
                 requires a good programming ability. The second one
                 uses hypermedia software (HyperCard, ToolBook): it lets
                 users produce small applications, even with a very
                 minimal programming ability. In the last part, we
                 describe our approach to improve both kinds of
                 environment. Our final objective is to provide teachers
                 with simple tools to adapt existing applications, or
                 even to create new ones, so that they may easily
                 integrate computer aided education in their daily
                 practices.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Garland:1994:ISC,
  author =       "Will Garland and Virginia Levsen",
  title =        "Information systems curricula in {AACSB} accredited
                 business schools",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "26--30",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181658",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Oliver:1994:SEP,
  author =       "Dave Oliver",
  title =        "Software engineering project work in combined distance
                 and on campus modes",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "31--35",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181660",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the delivery of a Software
                 Engineering subject taught in both Distance and On
                 Campus modes. Rotated group working and Computer
                 Mediated Communication were involved.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yerion:1994:DNF,
  author =       "Kathie A. Yerion",
  title =        "The {Dutch National Flag Problem} revisited as an
                 introductory abstract data type",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "36--40",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181661",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In Computer Science 2 or Data Structures courses, a
                 major topic is the concept of an abstract data type
                 (ADT). Students often have difficulty grasping this
                 concept in the beginning because of the abstractness of
                 ``a data object with operations performed on the
                 object.'' [2] An abstract data type based on a robot
                 sorting pebbles gives students much needed concreteness
                 for their initial exposure.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Stuart:1994:CPA,
  author =       "Brian L. Stuart",
  title =        "Connect 4 as a problem in artificial intelligence and
                 robotics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "41--46",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181662",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This report presents work done by the Artificial
                 Intelligence and Robotics class of Summer Scholars 1993
                 at Rhodes College. Summer Scholars provides college
                 credit for intensive two-week courses taken by high
                 school students. The goal of this course was to develop
                 software to play the game Connect 4 and to control a
                 robotic arm making the moves.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Magno:1994:NAC,
  author =       "Dominic Magno",
  title =        "A new approach to computer science in the community
                 college: negotiated teaching and learning",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "47--51",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181663",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kerner:1994:WCW,
  author =       "Janet T. Kerner and Kathy Vargas",
  title =        "Women and computers: what we can learn from science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "52--56",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181664",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The phenomenon of pipeline leakage exhibited in the
                 field of computer science is also observed in all the
                 sciences and mathematics. We can take advantages of the
                 similarities between computer science and all the
                 sciences to share the knowledge that has been gained to
                 reverse this phenomenon. Two important factors that
                 have been identified are (i) the number of math and
                 science courses taken in high school and (ii) the view
                 that many young women have of careers in science and
                 computer science as being antisocial in nature. Our
                 program addresses these factors by exposing the young
                 women to the challenges of scientific and technical
                 topics and by making role models and mentors readily
                 accessible to young women who demonstrate an interest
                 in science. After the common factors have been
                 extracted to make all science more attainable and more
                 attractive to women, each of the individual sciences,
                 mathematics, and computer science can address any
                 problems that are unique to that field.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Silver:1994:MAD,
  author =       "Charles L. Silver",
  title =        "Mathematizing abstract data types",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "57--60",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181665",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Najera:1994:ITC,
  author =       "Jer{\'o}nimo N{\'a}jera and Luis G{\'o}mez",
  title =        "An instructed tool for cache coherence protocols",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "61--64",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/181648.181667",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:27 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Several protocols have been proposed in order to solve
                 the cache coherence problem. In all cases, it is very
                 difficult to understand how each algorithm works. The
                 tool ToCCata has been designed and developed to
                 graphically show the dynamic behavior of generic cache
                 coherence algorithms. ToCCata can be used for
                 pedagogical or demonstration purposes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Howatt:1994:CGS,
  author =       "James W. Howatt",
  title =        "On criteria for grading student programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "3--7",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187389",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fulda:1994:NPI,
  author =       "Joseph S. Fulda",
  title =        "A note on physical implementations of logical
                 entities",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "7",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187390",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Trono:1994:NEC,
  author =       "John A. Trono",
  title =        "A new exercise in concurrency",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "8--10",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187391",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article presents an exercise to be assigned
                 whenever undergraduates are introduced to the concepts
                 of concurrency and semaphores. It also presents several
                 possible strategies to solve said exercise along with a
                 ``coded'' solution.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Campbell:1994:GIS,
  author =       "Harold G. Campbell",
  title =        "Geographic information systems education for
                 non-computer oriented college students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "11--14",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187393",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chesnevar:1994:SPA,
  author =       "Carlos Iv{\'a}n Ches{\~n}evar",
  title =        "Some problems about {English--Spanish} translations in
                 computer science literature",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "15--ff.",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187395",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Navrat:1994:HPC,
  author =       "Pavol N{\'a}vrat",
  title =        "Hierarchies of programming concepts: abstraction,
                 generality, and beyond",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "17--21",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187397",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This short note attempts to clarify some fundamental
                 relationships within the domain of programming
                 knowledge. In particular data concepts are discussed.
                 Our aim is to draw a clear distinction between
                 abstraction and generalization. Besides that attention
                 is given to the role of metaknowledge. Deeper
                 methodological understanding of these relationships is
                 crucial for all those studying and practicing
                 programming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Velazquez-Iturbide:1994:MMD,
  author =       "J. {\'A}ngel Vel{\'a}zquez-Iturbide",
  title =        "A methodology for monitor development in concurrent
                 programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "22--28",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187398",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Concurrent programming is one of the most difficult
                 programming paradigms; in consequence, innovative
                 methods and practical aids are necessary for a
                 successful instruction. This paper presents a
                 methodology for monitor development by joint use of
                 stepwise refinement and monitor schemes. A monitor is
                 developed in three stages, each one successively
                 dealing with a different part of its specification,
                 namely data abstraction specification, security
                 properties and liveness/priority properties. Guidance
                 is also obtained from some schemes for different parts
                 of a monitor. The methodology is applied to two well
                 known problems, the producer-consumer problem and the
                 dining philosophers problem.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cull:1994:IQP,
  author =       "Paul Cull and Rajeev Pandey",
  title =        "Isomorphism and the {N}-Queens problem",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "29--36",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187400",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The N-Queens problem is commonly used to teach the
                 programming technique of backtrack search. The N-Queens
                 problem may also be used to illustrate the important
                 concept of isomorphism. Here we show how the N-Queens
                 problem can be used as a vehicle to teach the concepts
                 of isomorphism, transformation groups or generators,
                 and equivalence classes. We indicate how these ideas
                 can be used in a programming exercise. We include a
                 bibliography of 29 papers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Guimaraes:1994:TSM,
  author =       "Jos{\'e} de Oliveira Guimar{\~a}es",
  title =        "Testing student-made compilers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "37--44",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187402",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article presents a few guidelines and examples
                 for testing Pascal compilers designed by students in
                 introductory courses. A standard Pascal subset with
                 little alteration is used, and the possible sources of
                 errors are divided into eight categories. Examples and
                 probable sources of error are exposed for each
                 category.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Styer:1994:DUS,
  author =       "Eugene Styer",
  title =        "On the design and use of a simulator for teaching
                 computer architecture",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "45--ff.",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187404",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Most Computer Architecture classes include discussions
                 of machine instructions and CPU internals, but not many
                 include input/output devices, either as part of that
                 course, or elsewhere in the program. This paper
                 discusses a simulator designed to allow students to
                 work with simulated I/O devices as a part of larger
                 machine simulator.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cartereau:1994:TOS,
  author =       "Michel Cartereau",
  title =        "A tool for operating system teaching",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "51--55",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187405",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents a simulation tool designed to aid
                 operating system teaching. It is an example of software
                 for production of pedagogical simulations with a view
                 to cooperative learning. The presentation of its use
                 for teaching operating system shows its potential and
                 includes a description of the educational context and
                 the students' reactions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Freeman:1994:DST,
  author =       "Geoffrey Freeman",
  title =        "Do students test their software?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "56--57",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187409",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Testing of computer systems, including software is an
                 important basic skill of any Computer Science graduate.
                 In this paper we look at how well a group of final year
                 Computer Science undergraduates tested a single routine
                 within a large programming project. We found that most
                 students adequately performed the testing for which
                 they were asked. However a significant number did not
                 fully test the ``obscure'' cases.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shinners-Kennedy:1994:GDC,
  author =       "Dermot Shinners-Kennedy",
  title =        "A graduate diploma in computing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "58--64",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/187387.187412",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In 1979 the Irish Government identified areas of
                 manpower shortages. One of the areas identified was
                 computing. The University of Limerick (UL) responded by
                 providing a one year full-time programme aimed at
                 honours graduates from all disciplines. The programme
                 has been running for more than a decade and has
                 achieved a high degree of success. This paper describes
                 the programme content and structure; provides some
                 statistics about the output and discusses other issues
                 regarding the provision of such programmes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gorgone:1994:ISC,
  author =       "J. T. Gorgone and J. D. Couger and G. Davis and D.
                 Feinstein and G. Kasper and J. Little and H. E.
                 Longenecker",
  title =        "Information systems curriculum --- a status report",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "2--4",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190651",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper provides a status report of the joint
                 curriculum task force effort to develop a new model
                 curriculum for undergraduate programs in Information
                 Systems. The curriculum work is the first collaborative
                 effort between ACM, AIS and DPMA. After a brief
                 description of the background and current task force
                 activities are presented, the recommended courses are
                 briefly listed and described.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cunningham:1994:UCC,
  author =       "Sally Jo Cunningham",
  title =        "Using a computer conferencing system to support
                 writing and research skill development",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "5--8",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190652",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In recent years there has been a growing concern with
                 the low level of communication skills attained by
                 computer science graduates, coupled with a desire to
                 provide writing skills in the context of meaningful
                 computing experiences. This paper describes a course
                 project that attempts to address these issues. Students
                 prepared a series of computing ``experiments'', posted
                 each experiment in a local conferencing system, and
                 provided peer reviews of each others' work. The
                 advantages of submitting assignments through a
                 course-specific conferencing group include: increased
                 feedback on student work (from other students); a
                 generally higher level of self-editing; and an
                 opportunity for students to survey the work of other
                 students, both to gain a better understanding of
                 expected standards and to learn from the content of
                 each others' work.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Enright:1994:ACA,
  author =       "Aaron Garth Enright and Linda M. Wilkens and James T.
                 Canning",
  title =        "An alternative computer architecture course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "9--12",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190653",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Most computer architecture courses are geared toward
                 the classical von Neumann style of computer
                 architectures, mentioning only in passing other models
                 such as data flow computation. This is unfortunate, due
                 to the high degree of parallelism possible using data
                 flow. We present an alternative course, designed as an
                 elective in computer architecture for upper level
                 undergraduate or graduate students, that presents a
                 side-by-side comparison of von Neumann and data flow
                 architectures. Our teaching environment is based on
                 Simple Arithmetic SISAL (SAS), a subset of the
                 applicative programming language SISAL, which we
                 designed for both teaching about and research into data
                 flow architectures. SAS runs in a highly integrated
                 environment, allowing students to implement their
                 program on a von Neumann architecture, then observe its
                 execution through a data flow simulator. The
                 environment runs on a standard IBM-style personal
                 computer, providing a cost-effective platform for
                 presenting the course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hext:1994:MWP,
  author =       "Jan Hext",
  title =        "Mr {Waring}'s problem",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "13--16",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190654",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Stewart:1994:DSU,
  author =       "Carolee Stewart",
  title =        "Distributed systems in the undergraduate curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "17--20",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190655",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Much of the design and development for new computing
                 systems in the 1990's is being done in a networked
                 computing environment with distributed goals. So why do
                 so many 4-year college computer science departments
                 still not teach ``Distributed computing systems'' in
                 their undergraduate curriculum? The reasons are varied,
                 but one main one is the belief that such a course
                 requires expensive hardware and the very latest
                 software development tools. This article demonstrates
                 how a course for undergraduates in distributed
                 computing can be successful at giving the students the
                 concepts and principles, while enabling them to create
                 such an application to experience the distributed
                 environment, and do it all on a limited budget. The
                 principles are highlighted along with a practical
                 design and development component, which can give
                 seniors a way to tie together many of the principles
                 and applications of previous courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lloyd:1994:EBG,
  author =       "William S. Lloyd",
  title =        "Exploring the {Byzantine} generals problem with
                 beginning computer science students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "21--24",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190656",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Prechelt:1994:MEP,
  author =       "Lutz Prechelt",
  title =        "A motivating example problem for teaching adaptive
                 systems design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "25--34",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190657",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "There are some general lessons to be learned about the
                 design of adaptive systems and the best method to learn
                 them is an appropriate exercise. This paper lists these
                 lessons, discusses why it is difficult to use examples
                 from real applications for the exercise, and suggests a
                 game to be used as an alternative example problem.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Konstam:1994:TCS,
  author =       "Aaron Konstam and John E. Howland",
  title =        "Teaching computer science principles to liberal arts
                 students using Scheme",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "29--ff.",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190658",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Scheme dialect of Lisp is being used as an
                 expository notation in introductory courses for liberal
                 arts students at Trinity University. Terminology from
                 natural language identifying parts of speech, such as
                 verb, noun, pronoun and adverb, is used to present
                 Scheme syntax and semantics to non programmers. Simple
                 working models of various computer science topics are
                 described. Experiences from two Trinity computer
                 science courses are presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chesnevar:1994:SDT,
  author =       "Carlos Iv{\'a}n Ches{\~n}evar",
  title =        "Syntactic diagrams as a tool for solving
                 text-processing problems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "35--40",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190659",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Becker:1994:ITT,
  author =       "Byron Weber Becker",
  title =        "Inexpensive teaching techniques with rich rewards",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "41--44",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190660",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A brief report on several teaching techniques that
                 have rewards that far outweigh their costs. Experiences
                 with four techniques are discussed: a ``Pause'' during
                 lectures, student submission of exam questions, group
                 projects, and a technique for learning students' names.
                 These experiences are largely in the context of a Data
                 Structures class, but are applicable to most
                 lecture-oriented classes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Guimaraes:1994:EUA,
  author =       "M{\'a}rio Andr{\'e} Mayerhofer Guimar{\~a}es and
                 Carlos Jos{\'e} Pereira de Lucena and Maur{\'\i}cio
                 Roma Cavalcanti",
  title =        "Experience using the {ASA} algorithm teaching system",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "45--50",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190661",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the experience gained while using
                 a computer based algorithm system called ASA, and
                 explains why the evaluation motivated the need for high
                 level structures to represent student and algorithmic
                 knowledge. The system has been used in classrooms at
                 SENAC, a Brazilian company associated with the
                 Brazilian National Commerce Confederation, which
                 promotes technical education. SENAC has a branch in
                 every state of Brazil (26) and every year trains
                 approximately one million students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ford:1994:PUS,
  author =       "Gary Ford",
  title =        "The progress of undergraduate software engineering
                 education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "51--55",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190662",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Although U.S. universities do not yet offer
                 undergraduate degrees named ``Bachelor of Science in
                 Software Engineering,'' several schools are making
                 progress in that direction. Efforts at eleven schools
                 are described.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Trono:1994:TR,
  author =       "John A. Trono",
  title =        "Taxman revisited",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "56--58",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190663",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In an earlier article [1], Carmony and Holliday
                 illustrated how the game called Taxman could be used in
                 CS1 to introduce some elementary concepts from
                 Artificial Intelligence. This article will present
                 several strategies that were created (as part of a CS2
                 assignment) to play Taxman, and evaluate their
                 performance.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yue:1994:UCC,
  author =       "Kwok-bun Yue",
  title =        "An undergraduate course in concurrent programming
                 using Ada",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "26",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "59--63",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/190650.190664",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a senior level course in
                 concurrent programming using Ada. Unlike other similar
                 courses in the subject area, it is not part of an
                 operating systems course, nor is it tied to a
                 particular hardware architecture. The course is
                 software oriented and it discusses in depth a
                 concurrent programming language, Ada, so that students
                 are able to actually develop effective concurrent
                 programs to solve problems in a wide range of
                 applications. Ada is selected because of its
                 popularity, superb portability, numerous hardware
                 platforms, and rich concurrent constructs. Classical
                 issues in concurrent programming are presented in the
                 context of Ada. General issues in designing concurrent
                 programming languages are elaborated using Ada,
                 together with other concurrent programming languages
                 such as CSP, Occam, and Linda. Finally, general
                 principles of designing parallel programs are also
                 discussed. Therefore, the course provides both the
                 depth in a concurrent programming language for program
                 development and the breadth in concurrent programming
                 theory for insight. Using Ada throughout the course
                 strengthens student's expertise in Ada and provides an
                 useful reference point for understanding concurrent
                 programming theory. The course is heavily based on
                 handouts, examples, homework and programming
                 assignments. A rich set of instructional materials are
                 available from the author.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Astrachan:1995:ACA,
  author =       "Owen Astrachan and David Reed",
  title =        "{AAA} and {CS 1}: the applied apprenticeship approach
                 to {CS 1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1--5",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199694",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We have developed an application-based approach to
                 introductory courses in computer science. This approach
                 follows an apprenticeship model of learning, where
                 students begin by reading, studying, and extending
                 programs written by experienced and expert programmers.
                 Applications play a central role since programming
                 constructs are motivated and introduced in the context
                 of applications, not the other way around as is the
                 tradition in most texts and courses. Under our applied
                 approach, (1) students are able to learn from
                 interesting real-world examples, (2) the synthesis of
                 different programming constructs is supported using
                 incremental examples, and (3) good design is stressed
                 vis code and concept reuse. In this paper, we provide
                 several examples of our method as well as pointers to
                 all the material we have developed which is freely
                 available electronically. The philosophy underlying
                 this method transcends a particular programming
                 language, but we present our examples using C++ since
                 that is the language used in the CS 1 and CS 2 courses
                 at Duke. This method has been used with equal success
                 using ISETL at Dickinson.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reek:1995:TAT,
  author =       "Margaret M. Reek",
  title =        "A top-down approach to teaching programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6--9",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199696",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Programming is traditionally taught using a bottom-up
                 approach, where details of syntax and implementation of
                 data structures are the predominant concepts. The
                 top-down approach proposed focuses instead on
                 understanding the abstractions represented by the
                 classical data structures without regard to their
                 physical implementation. Only after the students are
                 comfortable with the behavior and applications of the
                 major data structures do they learn about their
                 implementations or the basic data types like arrays and
                 pointers that are used. This paper discusses the
                 benefits of such an approach and how it is being used
                 in a Computer Science curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kolesar:1995:TCS,
  author =       "Mary Veronica Kolesar and Vicki H. Allan",
  title =        "Teaching computer science concepts and problem solving
                 with a spreadsheet",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "10--13",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199698",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tao:1995:UES,
  author =       "Yonglei Tao",
  title =        "Using expert systems to understand object-oriented
                 behavior",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "14--18",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199700",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reid:1995:OOS,
  author =       "Richard J. Reid",
  title =        "Object-oriented simulation of computer architectures
                 using {C++}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "19--23",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199702",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Object-oriented languages such as C++ allow class
                 definitions which eliminate the need for writing
                 special-purpose simulators in many cases. Simulating
                 digital logic components and computer architectures is
                 one case where the simulation model can be effectively
                 and conveniently expressed in the programming language
                 itself. A class library supporting: schematic
                 organization, multi-level digital-signal
                 representation, and implementations of a modest set of
                 component primitives has been developed. This library
                 supports two forms of hierarchical arrangements; first,
                 the digital signals themselves can be expressed as
                 vectors (as for a bus), either directly or by
                 composition, and second, the digital components can be
                 arranged hierarchically as modules, and the modules can
                 be used in an identical manner in which the primitives
                 are used. The library code described here is available
                 from the author.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Headington:1995:RID,
  author =       "Mark R. Headington",
  title =        "Removing implementation details from {C++} class
                 declarations",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "24--28",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199704",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Data abstraction-a concept introduced at varying
                 places in the CS1/CS2/CS7 sequence-separates the
                 properties of a data type (its values and operations)
                 from the implementation of that type. This separation
                 of specification from implementation is achieved by
                 encapsulating the implementation so that users of the
                 type can neither access nor be influenced by the
                 implementation details. Ideally, therefore, the
                 specification should be implementation-independent. The
                 C++ class mechanism compromises information hiding by
                 requiring the interface to include information-the
                 private part of the class declaration-that is needed
                 only for implementation purposes. This paper describes
                 two techniques for removing details of implementation
                 structure from the C++ class declaration and discusses
                 the advantages and disadvantages of each.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Birch:1995:DDC,
  author =       "Michael R. Birch and Christopher M. Boroni and Frances
                 W. Goosey and Samuel D. Patton and David K. Poole and
                 Craig M. Pratt and Rockford J. Ross",
  title =        "{DYNALAB}: a dynamic computer science laboratory
                 infrastructure featuring program animation (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "29--33",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199706",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Estell:1995:ECP,
  author =       "John K. Estell and Thomas A. Owen",
  title =        "Experiencing the codesign process: Microcomputer
                 Systems {II} laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "34--38",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199709",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Toll:1995:SPD,
  author =       "William E. Toll",
  title =        "Socket programming in the data communications
                 laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "39--43",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199711",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Although many data communications courses are taught
                 with no programming content, courses designed for
                 computer science majors should include programming.
                 Many data communications courses with a programming
                 component make use of serial ports on PCs while some
                 deal with detailed network layer projects. UNIX socket
                 programming allows the students to deal with the same
                 issues and problems, but in a context that is more
                 likely to be useful and that is more interesting. In
                 addition, if socket classes are used with C++, only as
                 much detail of socket operation as desired need be
                 presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cohen:1995:UII,
  author =       "Norman Cohen and Wanda Dann",
  title =        "Using an internal internship to enhance computer
                 science education in a two-year college",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "44--47",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199713",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A student internship in a suitable business or
                 organization can augment, reinforce, and embellish
                 material learned in the classroom. Computer Science
                 student interns can experience such things as
                 real-world development environments, projects which
                 greatly exceed the scale of typical programming
                 assignments, the utter importance of (possibly lacking)
                 documentation, as well as diverse languages, operating
                 systems, and hardware. Opportunities for such
                 internships occur rarely, however, for many rural
                 two-year colleges, especially those geographically
                 isolated from companies which could provide this
                 experience. Despite such a situation at our college, we
                 still provide students with an internship experience by
                 creating an internal organization: the Software
                 Development Internship (SDI) with the mission to
                 develop custom software for other departments on
                 campus. In this paper we describe the formation of the
                 SDI, its activities, and some of the benefits and
                 lessons learned to date.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberts:1995:UUT,
  author =       "Eric Roberts and John Lilly and Bryan Rollins",
  title =        "Using undergraduates as teaching assistants in
                 introductory programming courses: an update on the
                 {Stanford} experience",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "48--52",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199716",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The introductory computer science at Stanford
                 University have a combined annual enrollment of over
                 1000 students. Teaching introductory programming to a
                 population of this size requires significant
                 instructional support to ensure that students receive
                 the individual attention most beginning programmers
                 need. This paper describes the approach that has
                 evolved at Stanford for the introductory computer
                 science courses, which is based on the extensive use of
                 advanced undergraduates to teach sections of the
                 introductory course. In our experience, using
                 undergraduates as part of the teaching staff has
                 created an effective learning environment for both the
                 students in the classes and the undergraduate section
                 leaders themselves.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kay:1995:TCS,
  author =       "David G. Kay",
  title =        "Training computer science teaching assistants: a
                 seminar for new {TAs}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "53--55",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199719",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe a one-quarter seminar required of
                 first-time teaching assistants in computer science. The
                 seminar acclimates TAs to teaching undergraduates in
                 the university, to departmental policies and to special
                 problems and issues in teaching computer science. In
                 addition to coverage of general issues surrounding
                 teaching, the seminar includes many participatory
                 exercises that relate specifically to the teaching of
                 computer science. Participants in the seminar perform
                 much better on student evaluations than
                 non-participants.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Liang:1995:TDP,
  author =       "Y. Daniel Liang",
  title =        "Teaching dynamic programming techniques using
                 permutation graphs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "56--60",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199721",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Dynamic programming is one of important techniques in
                 algorithm design. The permutation graph is a special
                 type of graphs with theoretical significance and
                 practical applications. Many graph problems such as the
                 domination, and independent set problems can be solved
                 efficiently using dynamic programming schemes by
                 exploring the structural properties of permutation
                 diagrams. Most of current algorithm textbooks use the
                 knapsack problem and matrix chain product as examples
                 for teaching this technique. This paper introduces an
                 incremental and comprehensive approach to teaching
                 dynamic programming using permutation graphs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kooshesh:1995:SPU,
  author =       "Ali A. Kooshesh",
  title =        "Solving a problem using cooperating data structures",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "61--65",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199724",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this write-up, we describe series parallel graphs,
                 a simple class of general graphs, and show how to
                 compute their minimum spanning tree or shortest path.
                 The problem is intended to be used as an assignment in
                 an undergraduate course on Data Structures. It is a
                 simple problem, yet non-trivial, and allows the
                 students to implement several interesting data
                 structures in one programming assignment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gurwitz:1995:AUI,
  author =       "Chaya Gurwitz",
  title =        "Achieving a uniform interface for binary tree
                 implementations",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "66--70",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199726",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One of the basic principles taught in a data
                 structures course is that an application program should
                 be independent of the implementation of any particular
                 data structure it uses. This policy breaks down when
                 binary trees are introduced, because the interfaces for
                 the various representations of binary trees are not
                 uniform. In particular, implementing a binary tree by
                 using an implicit array generally requires the array
                 itself to be passed as a parameter to any function that
                 manipulates the tree. In this paper we present an
                 approach for defining the implicit array representation
                 of a binary tree. Our definition makes the underlying
                 array transparent to the user. This allows us to
                 describe a uniform interface for a binary tree module
                 that can be used by an application program regardless
                 of the particular implementation of the tree.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jin:1995:LTP,
  author =       "Lan Jin and Lan Yang",
  title =        "A laboratory for teaching parallel computing on
                 parallel structures",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "71--75",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199728;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/199688.199728",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-693-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-693-6",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1995.html#JinY95;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/pvm.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1995.bib",
  abstract =     "For the effective use of a laboratory for teaching
                 parallel processing, it is desirable to have parallel
                 systems that can implement various parallel structures
                 at hardware or software level. Such systems developed
                 in our laboratories are described in this paper. They
                 are a multi-computer with reconfiguration and the PVM
                 (Parallel Virtual Machine) with structural
                 implementation. The paper proposes a methodology and
                 several classes of problems for teaching
                 message-passing programming on parallel structures.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  affiliation =  "Dept. of Comput. Sci., California State Univ., Fresno,
                 CA, USA",
  classification = "C0220 (Computing education and training); C5220P
                 (Parallel architecture); C6110P (Parallel programming);
                 C6150N (Distributed systems software); C7430 (Computer
                 engineering)",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "Hardware level; Message-passing programming teaching;
                 Multi-computer; Parallel computing teaching laboratory;
                 Parallel processing; Parallel structure; Parallel
                 systems; Parallel Virtual Machine; PVM;
                 Reconfiguration; Software level; Structural
                 implementation",
  thesaurus =    "Computer science education; Laboratories; Message
                 passing; Parallel machines; Parallel programming;
                 Reconfigurable architectures; Teaching",
}

@Article{Kotz:1995:DPP,
  author =       "David Kotz",
  title =        "A data-parallel programming library for education
                 {(DAPPLE)}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "76--81",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199730",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In the context of our overall goal to bring the
                 concepts of parallel computing into the undergraduate
                 curriculum, we set out to find a parallel-programming
                 language for student use. To make it accessible to
                 students at all levels, and to be independent of any
                 particular hardware platform, we chose to design our
                 own language, based on a data-parallel model and on
                 C++. The result, DAPPLE, is a C++ class library
                 designed to provide the illusion of a data-parallel
                 programming language on conventional hardware and with
                 conventional compilers. DAPPLE defines Vectors and
                 Matrices as basic classes, with all the usual C++
                 operators overloaded to provide elementwise arithmetic.
                 In addition, DAPPLE provides typical data-parallel
                 operations like scans, permutations, and reductions.
                 Finally, DAPPLE provides a parallel if-then-else
                 statement to restrict the scope of the above operations
                 to partial vectors or matrices.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Arnow:1995:XSL,
  author =       "David M. Arnow",
  title =        "{XDP}: a simple library for teaching a distributed
                 programming module",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "82--86",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199732",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "XDP is a simplified interface to the DP distributed
                 programming library. I describe its use in a course on
                 workstation programming, a pragmatic course whose
                 mission is to cover concurrent programming, graphical
                 user interfaces and event driven programming as well as
                 network and distributed computing. Using XDP, rather
                 than the native socket interface, makes it feasible to
                 cover the last topics, squeezed though they are into a
                 rather overloaded course. Finding (or building)
                 teaching tools like XDP will become increasingly
                 essential as more demands are placed on undergraduate
                 CS curriculum coverage.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{ONeal:1995:WMS,
  author =       "Michael B. O'Neal and Barry L. Kurtz",
  title =        "{Watson}: a modular software environment for
                 introductory computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "87--91",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199735",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Parker:1995:GOA,
  author =       "Brenda C. Parker and John D. McGregor",
  title =        "A goal-oriented approach to laboratory development and
                 implementation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "92--96",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199738",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kurtz:1995:DIG,
  author =       "Barry L. Kurtz and Unmesh S. Mayekar and Michael B.
                 O'Neal",
  title =        "Design and implementation of a generalized problem
                 solving assistant for algorithm development",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "97--101",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199740",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Studer:1995:YSI,
  author =       "Scott D. Studer and James Taylor and Ken Macie",
  title =        "Youngster: a simplified introduction to computing:
                 removing the details so that a child may program",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "102--105",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199742",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One of the more difficult portions of learning to
                 program is memorizing and understanding the syntactic
                 and semantic rules associated with a language. This
                 paper discusses how to simplify this task as well as
                 presents a case study of a simplified implementation to
                 include multiple variable types successfully tested on
                 first grade students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pierce:1995:CRJ,
  author =       "Margaret Anne Pierce and John W. Henry",
  title =        "Computer-related judgements of computer professionals
                 and students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "106--110",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199744",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Epstein:1995:LDK,
  author =       "Richard Gary Epstein",
  title =        "Latest developments in the ``killer robot'' computer
                 ethics scenario",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "111--115",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199746",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bagert:1995:SFY,
  author =       "Donald Bagert and William M. Marcy and Ben A.
                 Calloni",
  title =        "A successful five-year experiment with a breadth-first
                 introductory course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "116--120",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199748",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses the implementation and evolution
                 over a five-year period of a breadth-first introductory
                 computer science course which has both lectures and
                 structured, closed laboratory sessions. This course
                 significantly increased both the retention and passing
                 rates for the next computer course (which emphasizes
                 programming), and computer science graduation rates.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Harrington:1995:JFY,
  author =       "Jan L. Harrington and Helen M. Hayes",
  title =        "A joint first year program for computer science and
                 information systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "121--125",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199750",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hirmanpour:1995:DCC,
  author =       "Iraj Hirmanpour and Thomas B. Hilburn and Andrew
                 Kornecki",
  title =        "A domain centered curriculum: an alternative approach
                 to computing education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "126--130",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199752",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents a new approach to computer science
                 education by proposing a model curriculum that presents
                 computer science fundamentals and software engineering
                 concepts in the context of an application domain. This
                 domain-centered model is discussed in terms of its
                 philosophy and structure, and emphasizes curriculum
                 features that enhance the ability of a graduate to be
                 part of a team that develops software in the
                 application domain. In particular, the curriculum model
                 proposes integration of software engineering education
                 with the application domain. The undergraduate computer
                 science curriculum at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical
                 University is used to illustrate the principle features
                 of the model and to advance arguments about the model's
                 viability.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yang:1995:IPA,
  author =       "Lan Yang and Lan Jin",
  title =        "Integrating parallel algorithm design with parallel
                 machine models",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "131--135",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199754",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In teaching of Parallel Algorithms, emphasis is
                 usually placed on algorithms that are based on parallel
                 random access machine (PRAM) model, but those
                 algorithms may or may not be efficiently implementable
                 on real parallel machines. In this paper we design
                 parallel algorithms in relation with the actual
                 parallel machine models and show the importance of
                 integrating parallel algorithms with parallel machine
                 models. We discuss this approach using traveling
                 salesperson problem (TSP) as an example.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Toll:1995:DPI,
  author =       "William E. Toll",
  title =        "Decision points in the introduction of parallel
                 processing into the undergraduate curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "136--140",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199756",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Harlan:1995:PTP,
  author =       "Robert M. Harlan and Joseph G. Akulis",
  title =        "Parallel threads: parallel computation labs for {CS} 3
                 and {CS} 4",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "141--145",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199758",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One objective in establishing our NSF ILI funded
                 parallel computation laboratory was to use closed,
                 formal laboratory assignments to introduce parallelism
                 throughout the core computer science curriculum. We
                 discuss laboratory assignments developed for the
                 Computer Organization (CS 3) and Algorithms (CS 4)
                 courses. The CS 3 lab introduces parallelism based upon
                 processor replication and two-performance indices for
                 evaluating performance of parallel algorithms, speedup
                 and efficiency. One factor that effects performance on
                 MIMD message passage architectures, the ratio of
                 computation to communication, is also introduced. The
                 CS 4 lab guides students in developing a parallel
                 version of Dijkstra's single source shortest path
                 algorithm. A case study using parallel addition assists
                 students in identifying potential parallelism by
                 examining the data dependency of computations. Students
                 working in teams of two develop a pseudo-code version
                 of the single source shortest path algorithm for an
                 abstract parallel machine. They also analyze the
                 speedup and efficiency of an implementation of the
                 algorithm for one, four and eight processors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Perez-Davila:1995:BBA,
  author =       "Alfredo P{\'e}rez-D{\'a}vila",
  title =        "{O.S}. bridge between academia and reality",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "146--148",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199760",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents a different approach to solving
                 the dilemma of balancing the theory and the practice in
                 an undergraduate operating systems course. We are in
                 the process of implementing a laboratory that allows
                 students to experiment with a copy of the 386BSD Unix
                 System. Students are guided through exercises with
                 increasing complexity, from a single exercise of
                 initializing a new file system to more complicated team
                 projects. The laboratory does not require a set of
                 machines dedicated to the Operating Systems Class which
                 is the reason many instructors choose to use simulators
                 or small academic operating systems. This is
                 accomplished through the use of recent removable disk
                 technology that provides enough speed and capacity to
                 load the source code of a real system. This approach
                 provides a more in-depth study of a system students are
                 more likely to encounter when they leave school. It
                 also allows students to work in teams in an environment
                 closer to the real world and provides a strong
                 foundation for students wishing to enter graduate
                 school with intentions to specialize in the area of
                 operating systems development.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Moen:1995:LTI,
  author =       "Selmer Moen",
  title =        "A low-tech introduction to operating systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "149--153",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199763",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Operating systems can be taught using DOS as the basis
                 for an introductory course. This approach is both
                 practical and pedagogically sound. It leads to a course
                 which is valuable both as a terminal course on
                 operating systems and as the basis for further
                 theoretical study. It is possible to use DOS as an
                 environment for teaching rudiments of multitasking.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Camp:1995:MST,
  author =       "Tracy Camp and Glen Oberhauser",
  title =        "Microkernels: a submodule for a traditional operating
                 systems course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "154--158",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199764",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barr:1995:EIB,
  author =       "John Barr and L. A. Smith King",
  title =        "An environment for interpreter-based programming
                 language projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "159--162",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199765",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses the programming language course
                 and presents an approach to some of the pedagogical
                 challenges presented. We aim to expose students to all
                 the concepts central to a traditional programming
                 language course but also give experience with the
                 implementation of various languages. To this end, we
                 are developing a software environment, MULE, which
                 supports this teaching goal. This paper gives an
                 overview of MULE and discusses our recent experiences
                 using MULE as a teaching tool.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberts:1995:CBG,
  author =       "Eric S. Roberts",
  title =        "A {C}-based graphics library for {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "163--167",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199767",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a simple graphics library
                 designed for a CS 1 course using ANSI C as its
                 programming language. The library can be implemented
                 easily on a variety of hardware platforms, providing a
                 reasonable level of portability. Implementation
                 currently exist for compilers on the Apple Macintosh,
                 the IBM PC, and Unix workstations; the source code for
                 each of these implementations is publicly available by
                 anonymous FTP from the Roberts. C.CS1 area on host
                 aw.com. In addition, the public distribution includes a
                 fully standard implementation that generates a
                 PostScript representation of the graphical image.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schorsch:1995:CAS,
  author =       "Tom Schorsch",
  title =        "{CAP}: an automated self-assessment tool to check
                 {Pascal} programs for syntax, logic and style errors",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "168--172",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199769",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Student programmers have difficulty finding and fixing
                 syntax, logic and style errors in their programs. The
                 Code Analyzer for Pascal (CAP) analyzes programs that
                 use a subset of the Pascal language and provides
                 user-friendly feedback on the errors that it finds.
                 This paper describes CAP and reports its use in
                 teaching introductory programming at the United States
                 Air Force Academy.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kolling:1995:RFY,
  author =       "Michael K{\"o}lling and Bett Koch and John Rosenberg",
  title =        "Requirements for a first year object-oriented teaching
                 language",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "173--177",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199770",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Interest in teaching object-oriented programming in
                 first year computer science courses has increased
                 substantially over the last few years. While the
                 theoretical advantages are clear, it is not obvious
                 that the available object-oriented languages are
                 suitable for this purpose. None of the existing
                 languages is appropriate for teaching object-oriented
                 principles. In this paper we discuss the requirements
                 for an object-oriented teaching language and draw
                 attention to the deficiencies of existing languages. In
                 particular, the paper examines C++, Smalltalk, Eiffel
                 and Sather. Finally we outline characteristics of a new
                 language, specifically designed for teaching
                 purposes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Willshire:1995:ODN,
  author =       "Mary Jane Willshire",
  title =        "Old dogs, new tricks",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "178--181",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199771",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The object oriented paradigm is sweeping the world of
                 computer science and many educators advocate an object
                 oriented programming language for CS1. At our school a
                 large proportion of our student body consists of
                 non-traditional students who are either starting
                 college later, changing fields, or brushing up on their
                 skills. We wanted to determine if older,
                 non-traditional students were interested in OOP, and if
                 interested, could they adequately compete with the
                 younger students. We instituted a pilot program to
                 teach C++ in a traditional academic style and collected
                 data for a year for this study. We show that our older
                 students in every age bracket did as well as, and in
                 most cases much better than, those students in the 25
                 and under group. Based on the data collected, we feel
                 the pilot program was a complete success.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Guzdial:1995:CMS,
  author =       "Mark Guzdial",
  title =        "Centralized mindset: a student problem with
                 object-oriented programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "182--185",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199772",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schweitzer:1995:IIC,
  author =       "Dino Schweitzer and Tom Appolloni",
  title =        "Integrating introductory courses in computer graphics
                 and animation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "186--190",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199773",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Introductory Computer Graphics is a popular and
                 motivational course for computer science
                 undergraduates. The students have the ability to
                 ``see'' the results of their programs, the opportunity
                 to apply a high level of creativity, and the
                 satisfaction of impressing their peers. Computer
                 animation provides similar advantages from a
                 motivational point of view. A normal scheduling
                 sequence for these two courses would place them in
                 successive semesters (or quarters) in the curriculum,
                 presumably in the senior year so students have as much
                 computer science experience as possible prior to
                 starting the graphics course. Unfortunately, at the Air
                 Force Academy, such a sequence was not possible,
                 forcing us to investigate the integration of the two
                 courses during the same semester (second semester
                 senior year). Our experience is that the two courses
                 could not only be successfully integrated during the
                 same semester, but that the student experience in each
                 course benefited from the concepts being simultaneously
                 presented in the complementary course. This paper will
                 provide background on the two courses, describe our
                 experience in teaching them simultaneously, and discuss
                 our future plans for expanding the pilot program.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tichenor:1995:IAG,
  author =       "Lee H. Tichenor",
  title =        "Inexpensive advanced graphics applications for the
                 {C.S}. majors graphics class",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "191--194",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199776",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "To demonstrate more advanced topics we have changed
                 the focus of our graphics assignments in our upper
                 division C.S. majors course from strictly programming
                 basic algorithms to working in existing software
                 packages. In addition to three standard programming
                 assignments in Pascal or C the students perform
                 experiments and develop designs with L-grammar, fractal
                 generator, morph, ray-tracing, and animation packages.
                 Excellent and inexpensive versions of all these systems
                 are available through shareware or freeware. The
                 student response has been overwhelmingly positive.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sears:1995:VAA,
  author =       "Andrew Sears and Rosalee Wolfe",
  title =        "Visual analysis: adding breadth to a computer graphics
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "195--198",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199778",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Visual Analysis adds breadth to a computer graphics
                 course by teaching students to compare and contrast the
                 visual effects of rendering algorithms. Using slides to
                 teach visual analysis minimizes the amount of required
                 lecture time, and the interactive tool TERA facilitates
                 further study outside of class. Visual analysis
                 enhances depth as well as breadth of knowledge, because
                 students become familiar with an algorithm's visual
                 effect before they implement it.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Herrmann:1995:CAL,
  author =       "Nira Herrmann and Jeffrey L. Popyack",
  title =        "Creating an authentic learning experience in
                 introductory programming courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "199--203",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199780",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We have developed an integrated, software-based course
                 in scientific and statistical programming consisting of
                 an introduction to computer programming and data
                 analysis concepts. This course is being taught in an
                 innovative way to non-majors: ``stretched'' over two
                 quarters rather than taught in a single term. Classes
                 meet in a computer classroom so students have a
                 seamless lecture/laboratory experience to reinforce the
                 concept that the computer should be made use of
                 whenever needed, rather than only at specified lab
                 times. In addition to presenting key programming and
                 data analysis concepts, we are giving the course an
                 applied research focus to illustrate to students the
                 importance and utility of programming and statistical
                 concepts to their own fields. This focus provides
                 motivation for students to learn material they often
                 perceive to be difficult and not relevant to them. It
                 also provides a mechanism for addressing the increasing
                 perception of faculty in a variety of technological
                 fields that many students have problems with
                 abstraction, the use of symbolic notation to understand
                 or express ideas (e.g., through mathematical models),
                 the interpretation of graphical information, and
                 written communication, since all of these skills are
                 needed in applied research. The software-based approach
                 to teaching programming concepts dovetails nicely with
                 the applied research orientation of the course in that
                 the software we use is widely applicable to a variety
                 of activities, from word-processing to data handling
                 and analysis.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lambert:1995:RIC,
  author =       "Joseph M. Lambert",
  title =        "Restructuring the introductory computer science course
                 for engineers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "204--208",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199784",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In Engineering curricula, the introductory course in
                 computer science is an essential component of the lower
                 division preparation of all engineers. Unfortunately,
                 there is absolutely no consensus what should be
                 included in an introductory computer science course for
                 engineers. Moreover, limited energy has been given by
                 the departments who deliver this introductory course to
                 the currency and vitality of the course. The focus of
                 this paper is to promote a discussion regarding the
                 design and implementation of a three credit course that
                 meets the overriding concerns voiced by Engineering
                 faculties and by students who enroll in the courses. We
                 present a prototype of a course that addresses the
                 concerns of language preference expressed by
                 Engineering faculty as well as their concern regarding
                 the selection of the ever changing software packages to
                 be presented to the students. Our design presents a
                 course that will challenge all students regardless of
                 their background in computing. This course would set in
                 place a continuing mechanism to insure relevancy of the
                 course to the students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Zachary:1995:ELC,
  author =       "Joseph L. Zachary and Christopher R. Johnson and Eric
                 N. Eide and Kenneth W. Parker",
  title =        "An entry-level course in computational engineering and
                 science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "209--213",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199786;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/199688.199786",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-693-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-693-6",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1995.html#ZacharyJEP95;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fortran3.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/maple-extract.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sgml.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Compiler/fortran.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Compiler/FORTRAN/fortran3.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1995.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  affiliation =  "Dept. of Comput. Sci., Utah Univ., Salt Lake City, UT,
                 USA",
  classification = "C0220 (Computing education and training); C6110
                 (Systems analysis and programming); C6130 (Data
                 handling techniques); C7300 (Natural sciences
                 computing); C7400 (Engineering computing)",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "C; Computation integration; Computational engineering;
                 Computational problem-solving approach; Computational
                 science; Conventional programming language; Engineering
                 curricula; Entry-level course; Fortran; HTML viewer;
                 Interactive on-line laboratory materials; Introductory
                 course; Maple symbolic mathematics package; Modern
                 computing; NCSA Mosaic; Programming concepts; Science
                 curricula; Scientific problem-solving methodology;
                 Standard programming requirement",
  thesaurus =    "C language; Educational courses; Engineering
                 computing; Engineering education; FORTRAN; Natural
                 sciences computing; Problem solving; Programming;
                 Symbol manipulation",
}

@Article{Wilson:1995:IBF,
  author =       "Ronald E. Wilson",
  title =        "Integrating a breadth-first curriculum with relevant
                 programming projects in {CS1\slash CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "214--217",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199789",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The ACM/IEEE Guidelines (1990) for CS1/CS2 recommend
                 that these classes present a variety of concepts from
                 the field of computer science. This is a departure from
                 the traditional method of presenting this course, a
                 course that stressed primarily programming. This paper
                 describes a CS1/CS2 curriculum that integrates the
                 breadth-first approach coupled with programming
                 assignments that reinforce concepts covered in this
                 curriculum. Students still spend a majority of their
                 effort on programming. However, the programs that they
                 write represent concepts that are usually presented
                 later in the curriculum. These programs include an SLR
                 parser, a problem from the realm of scientific
                 computation, a dynamic programming problem from formal
                 language theory, an implementation of the relational
                 algebra operators for querying relational databases, an
                 example from the field of artificial intelligence, and
                 a simple example of concurrent programming. This
                 curriculum is no doubt daunting to some students, but
                 it does succeed in integrating topics covered in a
                 breadth-first curriculum with related programming
                 assignments. Experience has shown that most students
                 prefer this rigorous set of meaningful programming
                 assignments to ones that are more contrived and
                 trivial.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Doran:1995:CBA,
  author =       "Michael V. Doran and David D. Langan",
  title =        "A cognitive-based approach to introductory computer
                 science courses: lesson learned",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "218--222",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199790",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A project has been undertaken this past year using a
                 cognitive based approach to implement the Computing I
                 and II courses as defined in Implementation D of
                 Computing Curricula 1991. The salient features of this
                 project include: (i) strategic sequencing and
                 associated levels of mastery of key topics based on
                 Bloom levels; (ii) a spiral approach to presentation;
                 (iii) integral use of structured closed labs; (iv)
                 frequent feedback and (v) early use of teams. This
                 project has led to a series of course documents that
                 explicitly define and schedule course micro-objectives,
                 that map each micro-objective to a specific Bloom
                 knowledge level, and that help to achieve and measure
                 those objectives.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reinfelds:1995:TPF,
  author =       "Juris Reinfelds",
  title =        "A three paradigm first course for {CS} majors",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "223--227",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199792",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents a curriculum designed for a two
                 semester foundation course for Computer Science majors.
                 Our course distributes the widely accepted basic
                 toolbox of algorithms and data structures over
                 functional, logic and imperative programming. In this
                 way the programming paradigm becomes a problem solving
                 tool instead of a monolingual impediment to a wider
                 view of problem solving patterns. A strong laboratory
                 component is essential for the success of this
                 approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Slonneger:1995:ESM,
  author =       "Ken Slonneger",
  title =        "Executing an {SECD} machine using logic programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "228--232",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199793",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Students usually find formal methods of describing
                 programming languages very difficult because of the
                 cryptic notation, the complexity of the techniques, and
                 the size of the specifications. The SECD abstract
                 machine provides a small but clear description of the
                 operational semantics of the lambda calculus. By
                 implementing the SECD machine in Prolog, we give
                 students a tool for testing specifications and for
                 experimenting with alternate language semantics in an
                 interactive setting.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barnett:1995:VSS,
  author =       "B. Lewis {Barnett III}",
  title =        "A visual simulator for a simple machine and assembly
                 language",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "233--237",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199795",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present a package which provides a visually
                 oriented simulation of the execution of machine and
                 assembly language programs on a simple computer. The
                 programs are written for HyperCard running on Apple
                 Macintosh computers. They are suitable for in-class
                 demonstrations and various types of in-class or out of
                 class assignments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Donaldson:1995:MSC,
  author =       "John L. Donaldson",
  title =        "A microprogram simulator and compiler for an enhanced
                 version of {Tanenbaum}'s {MIC}-1 machine",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "238--242",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199797",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Osborne:1995:SEC,
  author =       "Martin Osborne",
  title =        "Software engineering, {C++}, and Windows",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "243--247",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199804",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Laribi:1995:ELA,
  author =       "Atika Laribi and Michel L{\'e}onard and Olivier
                 Parchet",
  title =        "An experiment in learning about basic information
                 system concepts",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "248--252",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199806",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present, in this paper, an experiment in learning
                 basic Information Systems (IS) concepts through
                 practice in a self teaching environment. Students with
                 no formal background in the area, engaged in a role
                 playing game to produce a requirements document for a
                 fictitious organisation, which was then implemented by
                 students with a technical background. We used staff
                 observations and student feedback, collected in
                 different ways, to assess the experiment against the
                 set goals. Students, who were very enthusiastic,
                 learned about important aspects of IS analysis and
                 design through their own group experience. Our own
                 observations can also be used in a more general study
                 of IS human factors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tewari:1995:SRO,
  author =       "Rajiv Tewari",
  title =        "Software reuse and object-oriented software
                 engineering in the undergraduate curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "253--257",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199808",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Software engineering education and practice are
                 currently undergoing extensive re-evaluation and
                 analysis in the light of new object-oriented software
                 development techniques as the complexity of software
                 development is rapidly increasing. There is a growing
                 recognition that software reuse can contribute to
                 increased productivity, and the programming paradigm
                 that best supports software reuse is the
                 object-oriented paradigm. Component-based software
                 engineering is currently best facilitated by the
                 object-oriented approach through reuse of available
                 class libraries and application frameworks. We present
                 a comparative analysis of the procedural and
                 object-oriented paradigm from a pedagogic perspective,
                 and show that object-oriented techniques are a logical
                 progression of the well tested structured
                 methodologies. We show that the object-oriented
                 methodology better addresses the fundamental concepts
                 and processes defined in the ACM/IEEE Computing
                 Curricula '91.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Parker:1995:SDC,
  author =       "David L. Parker",
  title =        "Structured design for {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "258--262",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199810",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ginat:1995:LIM,
  author =       "David Ginat",
  title =        "Loop invariants and mathematical games",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "263--267",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199812",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The concept of combining loop invariants with
                 algorithm analysis and design is a significant
                 programming tool. However, teaching this concept is not
                 easy. One way of motivating and supporting the
                 introduction of such a concept, is by illustrating it
                 with attractive examples. In this paper we describe how
                 to illustrate it with mathematical games. In our
                 description, we emphasize the links between heuristic
                 search strategies, pattern exploration, induction, and
                 invariant construction.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberts:1995:LES,
  author =       "Eric S. Roberts",
  title =        "Loop exits and structured programming: reopening the
                 debate",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "268--272",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199815",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Internal exits from loops represent a critically
                 important control structure that should be taught in
                 the introductory CS1 curriculum. Without access to
                 those facilities, students are often incapable of
                 solving simple programming problems that occur
                 frequently in applications. This paper reviews the
                 existing evidence in support of such facilities and
                 argues that it is important to reconsider our
                 traditional pedagogical approach as we adopt new
                 languages of instruction.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fekete:1995:EGS,
  author =       "Alan Fekete",
  title =        "Enhancing generic skills in the computer organization
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "273--277",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199817",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Universities have always claimed that as well as
                 educating students in particular content, they have
                 ``developed the students' minds''. A current trend is
                 asking instructors to justify this claim, by ensuring
                 that students have ``generic skills'' that are useful
                 in all fields. Examples include communication skills,
                 flexibility to apply their understanding to new
                 situations as they arise, problem-solving skills,
                 ability to transfer concepts between domains, and
                 capacity to evaluate alternatives and provide reasoned
                 explanations for their choices. This paper describes a
                 course which covers most of the material from a typical
                 computer organization or systems programming course,
                 but uses closed laboratories in ways that enhance the
                 students' generic skills as well as their expertise in
                 the technical material.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rodger:1995:ILA,
  author =       "Susan H. Rodger",
  title =        "An interactive lecture approach to teaching computer
                 science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "278--282",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199820",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Students get more out of an interactive lecture than a
                 passive lecture because they are given time to think.
                 This time allows them to determine if they understand a
                 concept, and if not to ask questions. This
                 understanding is crucial when concepts build on one
                 another. We describe our positive experiences in
                 teaching sophomore-level computer science courses in an
                 interactive lecture format with a computer in the
                 classroom.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Paxton:1995:NAT,
  author =       "John T. Paxton",
  title =        "A novel approach to teaching artificial intelligence",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "283--286",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199822",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rubinstein:1995:CSP,
  author =       "Roy S. Rubinstein",
  title =        "Computer science projects with music",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "287--291",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199823",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One important way to teach Computer Science is by
                 getting students involved in projects that interest
                 them. In order to demonstrate the value of music
                 related computer projects, this paper describes some of
                 the projects that I have advised and discusses my
                 experience with them. These experiences show that
                 students are very enthusiastic about music projects,
                 enjoy working hard at them and learn a lot in the
                 process. This paper also serves as a brief introduction
                 to MIDI, the standard interface for electronic music.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Morris:1995:EML,
  author =       "J. Morgan Morris",
  title =        "Experiences with Mosaic for legacy projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "292--296",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199825",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Mosaic, a hypermedia information browser for the
                 World-Wide Web, has become popular within the past
                 year, and the number of sites are expected to increase
                 even further. One use of Mosaic by Computer Science
                 educators is for legacy projects, i.e., student
                 projects that will contribute to the educational
                 efforts of future students in the course. For the
                 resulting hypermedia documents to be useful, a design
                 methodology is needed that promotes consistency in use
                 and navigation. The instructor may also take on the
                 role of editor of a hypermedia document and ensure that
                 the document is correctly formatted and connected, and
                 consistent. Students enrolled in a human-computer
                 interaction course at Georgia State University have
                 been required to develop legacy projects using Mosaic.
                 Experiences in developing these projects are discussed,
                 and recommendations based on these experiences are
                 presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Moore:1995:AUH,
  author =       "Thomas Moore",
  title =        "Active use of hypertext to aid learning and classroom
                 instruction",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "297--301",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199829",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Hypertext is a valuable means of representing and
                 organizing information, for both instructors and
                 students. Hypertext can be used to create a set of
                 presentation materials that can be easily shared with
                 both students and colleagues. More importantly, those
                 materials can also be used to help students build on
                 explicit representation of their knowledge that helps
                 them to understand complex concepts and their
                 relationships. In this paper, we discuss our experience
                 in the active use of hypertext in the development and
                 teaching of a breadth-first introductory course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dean:1995:IFM,
  author =       "Neville Dean and Michael G. Hinchey",
  title =        "Introducing Formal Methods through
                 {R}{\^o}le-Playing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "302--306",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199831;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/199688.199831;
                 http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/mgh1001/EDUCATION/sigcse95.ps",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-693-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-693-6",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1995.html#DeanH95;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1995.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/SE/Z.bib",
  abstract =     "By acting as a client, the instructor in a formal
                 methods course can interact with students to develop
                 general attitudes and skills, particularly modeling
                 skills. The students learn to appreciate that formal
                 methods comprise a range of tools and ideas which can
                 greatly enhance software development at all stages,
                 especially in requirements capture. A realistic case
                 study is used which does not depend on an
                 over-simplified file processing system.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  location =     "Nashville, Tennessee, USA, March 1995",
}

@Article{Wadkins:1995:RPP,
  author =       "J. R. Jefferson Wadkins",
  title =        "Rigorous Proofs of Program Correctness without Formal
                 Logic",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "307--311",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199834;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/199688.199834",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-693-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-693-6",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1995.html#Wadkins95;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1995.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/Pape.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/SE/alspaugh.bib",
  abstract =     "Three fundamental principles of static reasoning used
                 to write imperative program code with built-in proof of
                 its correctness are presented and explained in
                 operational terms. It is argued that, although the
                 traditional use of formal logic in the
                 Hoare-Dijkstra-Gries methodology is probably the most
                 efficient way to write code with built-in proofs of
                 correctness, the ideas underlying that methodology are
                 much simpler than commonly perceived through the veil
                 of formal logic and axiomatic semantics. Examples are
                 given illustrating principles and techniques for
                 deriving code from specifications, using the informal
                 reasoning of the mathematician without either the
                 terminology or notation of formal logic.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gamble:1995:IFS,
  author =       "R. F. Gamble",
  title =        "Integrating a formal specification course with a
                 software projects course via an editing tool",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "312--316",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199836",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper reports on a two-course sequence for
                 undergraduate students that provides them with an
                 intensive course in formal specification methods and a
                 traditional software design course. The specification
                 course provides an appreciation for the use of rigorous
                 specification methods within the software lifecycle.
                 The manual nature of developing a formal specification
                 provides the appropriate justification for the projects
                 in the software design course in which the students
                 create useful tools to aid the development of a formal
                 specification. Within the project course, the students
                 developed the first prototype of a graphical editor for
                 building Z specifications. We discuss the building of
                 the editing tool and its integration into the software
                 engineering curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hitz:1995:MVC,
  author =       "Martin Hitz and Marcus Hudec",
  title =        "{Modula-2} versus {C++} as a first programming
                 language --- some empirical results",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "317--321",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199838",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The success of an experiment of using C++ as a first
                 programming language for students of a specific type of
                 computer science is presented. The paper motivates the
                 shift from Modula-2 to C++ in the curriculum, shortly
                 describes the course and discusses the statistical
                 evaluation of the results of the last Modula-2 course
                 and the first C++ course, respectively. The main
                 findings of the study are the fact that in contrast to
                 most expectations, the shift from a typical
                 ``educational'' language to a much ``dirtier'' language
                 had no significant effect to the performance of the
                 students taking the course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wick:1995:UCO,
  author =       "Michael R. Wick",
  title =        "On using {C++} and object-orientation in {CS1}: the
                 message is still more important than the medium",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "322--326",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199840",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Most current approaches to modernizing CS1 revolve
                 around the use of C++ and/or object-orientation.
                 Although the two are not exclusively tied to one
                 another, it is important to pause and consider the
                 potential pitfalls of current approaches. Having
                 identified those pitfalls, this paper presents an
                 approach to CS1 that avoids those pitfalls while
                 focusing students' attention on the real message:
                 software reusability.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Berque:1995:NSR,
  author =       "Dave Berque and Gloria Townsend",
  title =        "A new scheme for reinforcing concepts in {CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "327--330",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199843",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Scherz:1995:LPB,
  author =       "Zahava Scherz and Bruria Haberman",
  title =        "Logic programming based curriculum for high school
                 students: the use of abstract data types",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "331--335",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199848",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Logic programming and AI based courses have been
                 taught during the last few years to Israeli high school
                 students as part of a computer science curriculum. A
                 special curriculum aimed at teaching concepts of logic
                 programming and AI principles, using Abstract Data
                 Types (ADTs) in Prolog environment was developed in the
                 Weizmann Institute of Science. This curriculum is based
                 on a flexible instructional model according to which
                 the processes of problem solving and knowledge
                 representation are carried out through several main
                 phases while using ADTs. The flexibility of the model
                 is achieved by encapsulating the ADTs' implementation
                 in distinct computer programs. The curriculum was
                 successfully implemented in Israeli high schools and
                 was found to be suitable for a wide range of
                 students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Martin:1995:SMS,
  author =       "Edward C. Martin",
  title =        "Solid modeling with Scheme",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "336--339",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199851",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pilgrim:1995:TTT,
  author =       "Robert A. Pilgrim",
  title =        "{TIC-TAC-TOE}: introducing expert systems to middle
                 school students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "340--344",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199853",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Machines that play simple games have been a part of
                 the development and promotion of computers for years.
                 Charles Babbage conceived of a machine to play
                 tic-tac-toe in an effort to obtain funding for his
                 Analytical Engine. As part of the Summer Computer
                 Science Workshop, participants design and implement a
                 rule base for an expert system that plays the game of
                 X's and O's (tic-tac-toe). This simple game was
                 selected because most middle school age students are
                 already domain experts. The participant has to select
                 and order six or fewer rules with a seventh catch-all
                 rule, ``Take any available position.'' The designers
                 debug their own expert systems by playing the game and
                 modifying their rule bases. Once they are satisfied
                 with their own design, they play against each other's
                 expert systems in a round-robin tournament. The
                 development environment, written in Pascal to run under
                 MS-DOS, displays the current state of the game board
                 and lists the rules with the most recently ``fired''
                 rule being highlighted. This program is far from a
                 complete expert system, but it does illustrate a number
                 of principles of expert systems design. Like most
                 expert systems, a reasonable solution to the
                 tic-tac-toe problem can be embodied in a surprisingly
                 small rule base. No more than seven rules are needed to
                 play a perfect game of tic-tac-toe, and the same rule
                 base is valid whether the opponent or the computer
                 makes the first move.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lovato:1995:PVD,
  author =       "Mona E. Lovato and Michael F. Kleyn",
  title =        "Parser visualizations for developing grammars with
                 {\tt yacc}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "345--349",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199855",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes Gyacc (graphical {\tt yacc}), a
                 tool we have developed to support a graphical approach
                 to developing languages with parser generators such as
                 {\tt yacc}. Gyacc is an interactive environment which
                 supports the construction of context-free grammars, and
                 provides the user with the ability to study {\tt
                 yacc}-generated parsers. We are strongly convinced that
                 to fully teach and understand the details of a
                 generated parser, the user or student must see it in
                 operation. Gyacc accomplishes this by providing a set
                 of animations which the user can select to observe
                 different aspects of the parser as it executes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fitzgerald:1995:TEQ,
  author =       "Sue Fitzgerald and Jerry Place",
  title =        "Teaching elementary queueing theory with a computer
                 algebra system",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "350--354",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199857;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/199688.199857",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-693-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-693-6",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1995.html#FitzgeraldP95;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/maple-extract.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/mathematica.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Math/maple-extract.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1995.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer algebra systems such as Maple, Mathematica
                 and MACSYMA are readily available for a wide range of
                 PC's and workstations. Many college campuses have site
                 licenses for these software tools and make them widely
                 available to students through PC labs, across networks
                 and on time sharing systems. Additionally student
                 versions of these software tools are widely available
                 at nominal cost. Computer algebra systems provide
                 sophisticated computational support and are intuitive
                 to use. In this paper we describe how we use a computer
                 algebra system to support an upper division
                 undergraduate course teaching elementary queueing
                 theory. We discuss the significant enhancement added by
                 using a computer algebra system for this course work.
                 We present the traditional approach to this material,
                 i.e., deriving the closed form solutions for a specific
                 queueing model then we show how we approach the
                 material using numerical solutions based on the general
                 equations for steady state probabilities for a Poisson
                 Birth-Death process. We present several examples and
                 discuss the strengths of our approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  affiliation =  "Dept. of Math. and Comput. Sci., Rockhurst Coll.,
                 Kansas City, MO, USA",
  classification = "C1140C (Queueing theory); C7310 (Mathematics
                 computing); C7810C (Computer-aided instruction)",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "Closed form solutions; Computational support; Computer
                 algebra system; Elementary queueing theory; MACSYMA;
                 Maple; Mathematica; PC labs; Personal computer; Poisson
                 Birth-Death process; Steady state probabilities;
                 Teaching; Time sharing systems; Undergraduate course;
                 Workstations",
  thesaurus =    "Computer aided instruction; Courseware; Educational
                 courses; Mathematics computing; Probability; Queueing
                 theory",
}

@Article{Noyes:1995:TMN,
  author =       "James L. Noyes",
  title =        "Teaching a modern numerical analysis course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "355--359",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199859",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The traditional introductory undergraduate numerical
                 analysis course typically begins by addressing some
                 mathematical preliminaries and computer arithmetic
                 followed by one or more major topic areas. For each of
                 these areas, specific problems are proposed, algorithms
                 for their solution are derived and implemented, results
                 are obtained, and an associated error analysis is made.
                 The algorithms and associated software are usually
                 sequential in nature and the error analysis is often
                 simplified. Increasingly, students need to be made
                 aware of the additional hardware and software advances
                 that can make the solution of these problems more
                 efficient and their error analysis easier. This paper
                 discusses an approach that incorporates Mathematica to
                 help provide problem insight and an improved error
                 analysis, and a parallel processing simulation program
                 called Multi-Pascal, to help teach effective algorithm
                 implementation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Adams:1995:WWG,
  author =       "Sandra Honda Adams and Rachel D. Isles and Louise E.
                 Moses and Domenick Pinto and Frances L. {Van Scoy}",
  title =        "Where have the women gone and how do we keep them from
                 going? (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "360--361",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199861",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "When only one female student joined our Introduction
                 to Structured Programming course in the Fall of 1993
                 and was gone by midterm, I became alarmed! During the
                 last several years, our enrollment in Computer Science
                 has attracted fewer and fewer females. I believe the
                 lack of interest of female students to be a serious
                 problem that needs to be addressed by educators. For
                 this reason I have assembled a panel of educators who
                 will share their ideas as to why this is happening and
                 inform us of their efforts to counteract this gender
                 imbalance.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Marchioro:1995:CSP,
  author =       "Thomas L. {Marchioro II} and Joseph Zachary and D. E.
                 Stevenson and Ignatios Vakalis and Leon Tabak",
  title =        "Computational science, parallel and high performance
                 computing in undergraduate education (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "362--363",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199862",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCauley:1995:EIS,
  author =       "Ren{\'e}e A. McCauley and Clark Archer and Nell Dale
                 and Rym Mili and James Roberg{\'e} and Harriet Taylor",
  title =        "The effective integration of software engineering
                 principles throughout the undergraduate computer
                 science curriculum (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "364--365",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199865",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Medley:1995:EPI,
  author =       "Mary Dee Medley and Kay G. Schulze and Bob Riser and
                 Rebekah L. Tidwell",
  title =        "Ethical and professional issues in computing
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "366--367",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199883",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Deremer:1995:ATS,
  author =       "Dorothy Deremer and Gail Finley and Lynn Ziegler and
                 Doug Baldwin and Gordon Stegink",
  title =        "Alternative teaching strategies in {CS I}: supporting
                 diversity (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "368--369",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199884",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Grissom:1995:UVD,
  author =       "Scott Grissom and Tom Naps and Rocky Ross and Dalton
                 Hunkins and Susan Rodger and Dino Schweitzer",
  title =        "Using visual demonstrations to teach computer science
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "370--371",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199885",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Owens:1995:NTS,
  author =       "Barbara Boucher Owens and Gene Bailey and Shelly
                 Heller and Ted Mims and Laurie White",
  title =        "The non-traditional student in computing:
                 characteristics, needs and experiences (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "372--373",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199886",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nevison:1995:CAP,
  author =       "Christopher H. Nevison and Joe Kmoch and Robert E.
                 Noonan and Tim Corica and Sarah Fix and David G. Kay",
  title =        "Changes in the advanced placement computer science
                 course: case studies and {C++} (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "374--375",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199887",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bernstein:1995:ESY,
  author =       "Danielle R. Bernstein and Bill Marion and Catherine M.
                 Ricardo and Joy Teague and Lee Wittenberg",
  title =        "Every seventh year: sabbatical opportunities
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "376--377",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199888",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1995:CSM,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker and Nancy Baxter and Robert Cupper and
                 G. Michael Schneider",
  title =        "The computer science major within a liberal arts
                 environment (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "378--379",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199889",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mulder:1995:PCI,
  author =       "Michael C. Mulder and Gordon Davis and John Gorgone
                 and David Feinstein and Doris K. Lidtke",
  title =        "A proposed curriculum in information science
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "380--381",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199890",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Grissom:1995:ATC,
  author =       "Scott Grissom and Bill Kubitz and Jack Bresenham and
                 G. Scott Owen and Dino Schweitzer",
  title =        "Approaches to teaching computer graphics (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "382--383",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199891",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gries:1995:TLT,
  author =       "David Gries and Fred B. Schneider and Joan Krone and
                 Stan Warford and J. Peter Weston",
  title =        "Teaching as a logic tool (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "384--385",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199892",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Baldwin:1995:VBI,
  author =       "Doug Baldwin and Jerry Mead and Keith Barker and Allen
                 Tucker and Lynn R. Ziegler",
  title =        "Visions of breadth in introductory computing curricula
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "386--387",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199893",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Burd:1995:RCS,
  author =       "Barry Burd and J. Glenn Brookshear and Rick Decker and
                 Frances G. Gustavson and Mildred D. Lintner and Greg W.
                 Scragg",
  title =        "Revitalizing the computer science course for
                 non-majors (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "388--389",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199894",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Classen:1995:DCU,
  author =       "Ron Classen and Larry Hughes and Elizabeth Leboffe and
                 Wayne Smith",
  title =        "Data communications in the undergraduate computer
                 science curriculum (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "390--391",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199895",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Werth:1995:PJA,
  author =       "John Werth and John Gorgone and Gordon Davis and David
                 Feinstein and Bart Longenecker and George Kasper",
  title =        "Proposed joint {ACM\slash DPMA\slash AIS}
                 undergraduate information systems degree curriculum
                 model (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "392--393",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199896",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Boerner:1995:CSP,
  author =       "Gerald L. Boerner and Carol Backer Stoker",
  title =        "Creating self-paced courses for {CS} majors and
                 non-majors",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "394--395",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199897",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yaverbaum:1995:UMT,
  author =       "Gayle Yaverbaum and Eric Stein and Russell C. Kick and
                 F. Stuart Wells",
  title =        "Using multimedia technology: different approaches and
                 controversial issues (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "396--397",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199898",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1995:FMU,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker and H. Conrad Cunningham and Ruth
                 Davis and Douglas Troeger",
  title =        "Formal methods in the undergraduate computer science
                 curriculum (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "398--399",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199899",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mulder:1995:CLU,
  author =       "Michael C. Mulder and Jane Chu Prey and J. E. Haines
                 and Doris K. Lidtke",
  title =        "Collaborative learning in undergraduate information
                 science education (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "400--401",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199900",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bagert:1995:OTA,
  author =       "Donald Bagert and Barbara Boucher Owens",
  title =        "Organizing a team for the {ACM} programming contest
                 (abstract)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "402",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/199691.199901",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:28 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Huss:1995:LPP,
  author =       "Janice E. Huss",
  title =        "Laboratory projects for promoting hands-on learning in
                 a computer security course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "2--6",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/201998.202000",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes two laboratory projects which
                 were developed for use in a computer security course.
                 The first project requires that students examine and
                 analyze an existing computer network environment in
                 order to find security flaws. A sample network
                 environment containing numerous flaws was developed for
                 this purpose. The second project requires students to
                 analyze the security needs of a hypothetical college
                 with respect to its academic computing network and
                 establish a secure computing environment which meets
                 those needs. The environment for both projects
                 consisted of a network of IBM compatible computers
                 running Artisoft's LANtastic Network Operating System
                 for DOS.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brette:1995:TRC,
  author =       "Jean-Fran{\c{c}}ois Brette",
  title =        "Transparent running and contextual help to learn and
                 to teach an imperative language",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "7--12",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/201998.202002",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents the design choices and the
                 realization of an imperative programming learning tool.
                 This tool follows a Guided Discovery Learning line and
                 is concentrated on the dynamic processes. On the one
                 hand, transparent runnings enable a better
                 understanding of the roles of the variables: proper
                 reactive interfaces will help the student to compare
                 his own conceptions with the actual behavior of the
                 program. On the other hand, a contextual 'intelligent'
                 help on types constraint errors highlights the domain
                 structuration through different suggestions of the
                 system.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Simeonov:1995:MIM,
  author =       "Simeon Simeonov and G. Michael Schneider",
  title =        "{MSIM}: an improved microcode simulator",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "13--17",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/201998.202003",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{ONeill:1995:CPM,
  author =       "Edward J. O'Neill",
  title =        "Classroom presentation of memory usage with constants,
                 variables, and subprograms in {Pascal}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "18--24",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/201998.202004",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An essential part of the CS 1 course based on Pascal
                 is the idea of random access memory usage when
                 structured programs are executed. A survey of several
                 texts reveals that the view of both variables and
                 constants as memory locations for data is in many cases
                 not systematically carried over and developed further
                 when procedures and functions are presented. This paper
                 presents a systematic method for understanding memory
                 usage when dealing with subprograms in Pascal and
                 presents a survey of current approaches.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Budd:1995:NMP,
  author =       "Timothy A. Budd and Rajeev K. Pandey",
  title =        "Never mind the paradigm, what about multiparadigm
                 languages?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "25--30",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/201998.202006",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A source of great debate among educators is the choice
                 of a programming language in the various computer
                 science courses. In recent years the focus has shifted
                 from features of various programming languages to
                 arguments about the various paradigms that the
                 languages embody. The approach suggested here is to
                 expose students to all of the major paradigms, via the
                 use of a multiparadigm language, as opposed to
                 attempting to identify ``the'' correct paradigm. In
                 this paper, we first describe the multiparadigm
                 language Leda and its constituent paradigms. We then
                 identify points in the curriculum at which to introduce
                 a multiparadigm language, and some consequences of
                 these choices.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Olsson:1995:TTC,
  author =       "Ronald A. Olsson and Carole M. McNamee",
  title =        "Tools for teaching {CCRs}, monitors, and {CSP}
                 concurrent programming concepts",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "31--40",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/201998.202008",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes three preprocessors that,
                 respectively, convert conditional critical region (CCR)
                 notation, monitor notation, and Communicating
                 Sequential Processes (CSP) notation into equivalent
                 programs written in the SR concurrent programming
                 language. Our goal is to allow students to experiment
                 and to obtain hands-on experience with these notations.
                 Together with native SR, the three preprocessors
                 provide a teaching tool for a wide spectrum of
                 synchronization mechanisms. This paper also describes
                 the favorable experience obtained in using the
                 preprocessors in several courses. The preprocessors are
                 part of the standard SR distribution, which runs on
                 most UNIX systems; they are in the public domain and
                 available via ftp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Leach:1995:UME,
  author =       "Ronald J. Leach",
  title =        "Using metrics to evaluate student programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "41--43",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/201998.202010",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Student programs in electronic form can be tested by
                 the instructor against his or her own test data. There
                 are other advantages to electronic submission. We
                 report on the use of software metrics analysis tools to
                 determine ``similarities'' in student programs.
                 Availability of these tools has virtually eliminated
                 student copying of assignments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McGill:1995:IRB,
  author =       "Tanya McGill and Simone Volet",
  title =        "An investigation of the relationship between student
                 algorithm quality and program quality",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "44--48",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/201998.202012",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper reports on an exploratory study designed to
                 explore the relationship between the quality of
                 students' algorithm development and the quality of
                 their final programs. By videotaping pairs of students
                 engaged in writing a program to solve a problem the
                 process used by students could be examined and its
                 relationship to program quality investigated. The
                 results of the study show a clear positive relationship
                 between the quality of algorithm development and the
                 quality of programs written by students in an
                 introductory programming course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Martin-Sanchez:1995:GIA,
  author =       "{\'O}scar Mart{\'\i}n-S{\'a}nchez and Crist{\'o}bal
                 Pareja-Flores",
  title =        "A gentle introduction to algorithm complexity for
                 {CS1} with nine variations on a theme by {Fibonacci}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "49--56",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/201998.202013",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we propose our ideas about didactic
                 methods and a few examples appropriate to motivate in
                 students the comprehension of the basic principles
                 related to algorithm complexity. Emphasis is put on
                 avoiding formalisms and presenting gradually every new
                 concepts. This paper as well provides for both: an
                 organisation of these ideas and a collection of, we
                 hope, useful examples and experiences that show these
                 concepts in a natural way.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tillison:1995:GWC,
  author =       "Julie Tillison and Ching-Kuang Shene",
  title =        "On generating worst-cases for the insertion sort",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "57--58",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/201998.202014",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sherry:1995:MCS,
  author =       "Lorraine Sherry",
  title =        "A model computer simulation as an epistemic game",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "59--64",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/201998.202016",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Haynes:1995:ERU,
  author =       "S. M. Haynes",
  title =        "Explaining recursion to the unsophisticated",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "3--6",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/209849.209850",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper addresses the topic of explaining recursion
                 to Beginning programmers. It briefly presents the
                 common approaches, then describes an extension to those
                 methods called the activation tree.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Terry:1995:UIP,
  author =       "P. D. Terry",
  title =        "Umbriel-imperative programming for unsophisticated
                 students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "7--14",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/209849.209851",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article discusses an experiment in designing and
                 using Umbriel, a minimal imperative programming
                 language in the Pascal tradition, for teaching the
                 rudiments of programming in situations where the
                 overwhelming complexities of many modern language
                 implementations have become intolerable.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schaller:1995:ETP,
  author =       "Nan C. Schaller and Andrew T. Kitchen",
  title =        "Experiences in teaching parallel computing-five years
                 later",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "15--20",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/209849.209852",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Since 1990, the Computer Science Department at
                 Rochester Institute of Technology has offered a
                 concentration in parallel computing. This concentration
                 is available both to undergraduates and to students
                 studying for the masters degree. This paper documents
                 our experiences with the selection of hardware and
                 software to support our parallel computing program. We
                 describe our concentration, and we report on the
                 networking established between Rochester Institute of
                 Technology and other colleges and universities,
                 designed to provide support for educators who are
                 attempting to introduce parallel computing into their
                 curricula. Finally, we look at what we might do
                 differently if we were starting today.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Levy:1995:CLU,
  author =       "Suzanne Pawlan Levy",
  title =        "Computer language usage in {CS1}: survey results",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "21--26",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/209849.209853",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Reid Report [Reid 94] is a list of more than 400
                 schools throughout the world and the language they are
                 using in their first computer science course (commonly
                 referred to as ACM's CS1). It is a voluntary report
                 updated regularly. Its list of schools is not
                 exhaustive or complete. Based on this report, 139
                 colleges and universities within the United States who
                 are not using Pascal were surveyed. The intent of the
                 survey was threefold:{\&}bull; to find out why these
                 schools are using their choice of language in their CS1
                 course,{\&}bull; how the instructors at these schools
                 feel about their current language as it compares to
                 Pascal in the way it aids in the teaching of
                 introductory programming skills, and{\&}bull; which
                 language these instructors feel is the best one to use
                 in a CS1 course. The results of this survey, conducted
                 in February 1995, are summarized below.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Zanconi:1995:EPC,
  author =       "Marcelo Zanconi and Norma Moroni and Perla Se{\~n}as",
  title =        "An educational project in computer science for primary
                 and high school",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "27--33",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/209849.209854",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We analyze four different points of view in the
                 teaching of computer science at school, taking into
                 account the aims of institutions, i.e, computer
                 sciences as a formative, operational, informative and
                 pedagogical tool. We present a particular experience
                 that links the four points of view proposed in a
                 curriculum for primary and high school. This is the
                 result of a two year work developed under a project
                 between our research group, InE, and a private
                 institution of our city. We believe our approach is
                 quite original because these four points of view were
                 traditionally considered as opposites.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Klemetti:1995:PPT,
  author =       "Harri Klemetti and Ismo Lapinleimu and Erkki
                 M{\"a}kinen and Mika Sieranta",
  title =        "A programming project: trimming the spring algorithm
                 for drawing hypergraphs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "34--38",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/209849.209855",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Graph drawing problems provide excellent material for
                 programming projects. As an example, this paper
                 describes the results of an undergraduate project which
                 dealt with hypergraph drawing. We introduce a practical
                 method for drawing hypergraphs. The method is based on
                 the spring algorithm, a well-known method for drawing
                 normal graphs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Guvenir:1995:OOT,
  author =       "H. Altay G{\"u}venir",
  title =        "An object-oriented tutoring system for teaching sets",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "39--46",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/209849.209856",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Over the recent years several prototypes of
                 intelligent tutoring systems for scientific subjects
                 have been developed. Meanwhile, the object-oriented
                 paradigm has become popular in the software engineering
                 and artificial intelligence communities. The objective
                 of the research presented in this paper is an
                 application of the object-oriented paradigm to the
                 design and implementation of an intelligent tutoring
                 system. The domain of the system is the set theory at
                 the secondary school level. It is shown that the
                 inheritance hierarchy of the object-oriented paradigm
                 is very useful in defining and organizing the
                 components of the set theory, and in the generation of
                 examples and questions. The issues raised in the
                 object-oriented design of an intelligent tutoring
                 system are discussed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gojenola:1995:IAC,
  author =       "Koldo Gojenola and Tom{\'a}s A. P{\'e}rez and Arturo
                 Jaime",
  title =        "Integrative assignments for {CS1} and {CS2} through
                 libraries of abstract data types",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "47--49",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/209849.209857",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "As a way to avoid quick student concentration on
                 implementation and computer language issues we have
                 elaborated an integrative set of programming
                 assignments for CS1 and CS2 courses. Our strategy
                 relies on a top-down methodology to develop programming
                 skills and problem-solving capabilities through the use
                 of libraries with high-level Abstract Data Types (ADT).
                 In a first medium-size assignment the novice programmer
                 experiences high-level modular programming, and at a
                 later stage the student is addressed to lower-level
                 programming and data structure concerns. Ada has been
                 used as the programming language, mainly because of its
                 built-in capabilities to use and define reusable
                 libraries of ADTs. Results indicate that this
                 arrangement of assignments successfully reinforces the
                 learning of fundamental concepts such as program
                 design, modularity, testing techniques and increases
                 student satisfaction.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Evans:1995:MUA,
  author =       "M. D. Evans",
  title =        "A methodology for a unified {ADT} course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "50--52",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/209849.209858",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "``From an instructor's perspective (and also from the
                 student's perspective) a course is rarely satisfying
                 unless there is some 'big idea' that seems to hold the
                 disparate elements together.'' [3,Pg.78]. This big idea
                 is often lacking in a traditional introductory abstract
                 data type (ADT) course, as students frequently perceive
                 it to be a study of disjoint topics --- a collection of
                 ADTs. This paper proposes a context, indeed a
                 methodology, for providing a unifying view of the
                 topics and their significance, while suggesting an
                 emphasis on the abstract nature, and design, of ADT's.
                 Simultaneously, it supports a set of broad themes and
                 recurring concepts which offer a unifying perspective
                 on the pair of courses CS1 and CS2, and which establish
                 fundamental ideas and skills pervasive throughout
                 further studies in computing science.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Palmer:1995:ATT,
  author =       "Thomas V. Palmer and James C. Pleasant",
  title =        "Attitudes toward the teaching of formal methods of
                 software development in the undergraduate computer
                 science curriculum: a survey",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "53--59",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/209849.209859",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper reports on a survey related to current
                 views concerning the feasibility and importance of
                 teaching formal methods of software development at the
                 undergraduate level. Principle areas of interest
                 considered include formal logic, formal specification,
                 and formal proofs of correctness of programs. After
                 alluding to several points of contact with current
                 literature on this topic, the paper reports on a
                 questionnaire designed by the authors that was mailed
                 to computer science departments of selected colleges
                 and universities in the United States and Canada. The
                 principle goal of the survey is to determine attitudes
                 of computer science faculty concerning the teaching of
                 formal methods at the undergraduate level.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Warford:1995:ETF,
  author =       "J. Stanley Warford",
  title =        "An experience teaching formal methods in discrete
                 mathematics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "60--64",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/209849.209860",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In spite of recent calls to incorporate formal methods
                 into the computer science curriculum, the effort is
                 still controversial and proceeding slowly. This paper
                 presents our experience in restructuring the
                 undergraduate Discrete Mathematics course to include
                 formal methods. It concludes with some philosophical
                 ruminations about the place of formal methods in the
                 computer science curriculum in general.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1995:MSS,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker",
  title =        "Message from the {SIGCSE Secretary\slash Treasurer}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "1--4",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.571912",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cunningham:1995:IRC,
  author =       "Sally Jo Cunningham",
  title =        "An introduction to research and the {CS\slash IS}
                 professional literature for undergraduates",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "5--8",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216514",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One of the more difficult aspects of computing to
                 incorporate into the undergraduate curriculum is an
                 authentic research experience. This paper describes a
                 successful third year project in which computing
                 students designed, conducted, and wrote up bibliometric
                 experiments. This project gives students a flavor of
                 the scientific method, and has the added benefit of
                 encouraging familiarity with the scientific publishing
                 process and with the computing and information systems
                 professional literature.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Robertson:1995:ASN,
  author =       "Stephanie A. Robertson and Martin P. Lee",
  title =        "The application of second natural language acquisition
                 pedagogy to the teaching of programming languages --- a
                 research agenda",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "9--12",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216517",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The writing of programs is one of the central
                 activities in computer science education, yet
                 frequently it is poorly taught. In this paper we argue
                 that some of the most recent principles emerging from
                 research into and the successful teaching of second
                 natural languages might be applied to the teaching of
                 programming languages. The paper begins by reviewing
                 the historical development of the teaching of both
                 second natural languages and programming languages. It
                 continues with a manifesto for potential research
                 areas, in order to test these ideas further.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartel:1995:PLC,
  author =       "Pieter H. Hartel and L. O. Hertzberger",
  title =        "Paradigms and laboratories in the core computer
                 science curriculum: An overview",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "13--20",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216521",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/TUBScsd/1980.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.wins.uva.nl/pub/computer-systems/functional/reports/ACMSIGCSE_paradigms.ps.Z",
  abstract =     "Recent issues of the bulletin of the ACM SIGCSE have
                 been scrutinised to find evidence that the use of
                 laboratory sessions and different programming paradigms
                 improve learning difficult concepts and techniques,
                 such as recursion and problem solving. Many authors in
                 the surveyed literature believe that laboratories are
                 effective because they offer a mode of learning that
                 complements classroom teaching. Several authors believe
                 that different paradigms are effective when used to
                 support teaching mathematics (logic and discrete
                 mathematics) and computer science (programming,
                 comparative programming languages and abstract
                 machines).Precious little evidence by way of reported
                 results of surveys, interviews and exams was found in
                 the ACM SIGCSE bulletins to support these beliefs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCloskey:1995:AAL,
  author =       "Robert McCloskey and John Beidler",
  title =        "An analysis of algorithms laboratory utilizing the
                 maximum segment sum problem",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "21--26",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216525",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a laboratory/homework exercise,
                 appropriate for the traditional CS 2 or Data Structures
                 {\&}amp; Algorithms course (CS 7) [1], that gives
                 students practice in analyzing algorithms to determine
                 their asymptotic running times as well as in
                 recognizing the relationship between an algorithm's
                 asymptotic running time and the execution time of a
                 program implementing it. The exercise utilizes the
                 maximum segment sum problem, which, we argue, is a good
                 alternative to sorting, the problem that is probably
                 most often used in exercises of this kind.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Delahan:1995:AWS,
  author =       "Franz Delahan and William F. Klostermeyer and George
                 Trapp",
  title =        "Another way to solve nine-tails",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "27--28",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216528",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yerion:1995:GCL,
  author =       "Kathie A. Yerion and Jane A. Rinehart",
  title =        "Guidelines for collaborative learning in computer
                 science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "29--34",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216529",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Benham:1995:GAI,
  author =       "James W. Benham",
  title =        "A geometric approach to integer condition codes and
                 branch instructions",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "35--38",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216532",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{VanWyk:1995:PWU,
  author =       "Christopher J. {Van Wyk}",
  title =        "Programming as writing: using portfolios",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "39--42",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216533",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Katz:1995:PSH,
  author =       "Kaila Katz",
  title =        "The present state of historical content in computer
                 science texts: a concern",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "43--50",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216534",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dawson-Howe:1995:ASA,
  author =       "Kenneth M. Dawson-Howe",
  title =        "Automatic submission and administration of programming
                 assignments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "51--53",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216539",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper details a system to assist with the
                 evaluation and administration of student assignments.
                 In order to help with the evaluation of program
                 execution, the system automatically compiles and
                 executes the program while logging a copy of the
                 session. This log, together with the code and
                 documentation is then bundled into an e-mail which is
                 sent to the course controller. The course controller
                 automatically processes the e-mail, verifying it's
                 authenticity, and sends an acknowledgement back to the
                 student. The controller also automatically logs the
                 submission in a database which is used to monitor
                 student performance throughout the year. Additional
                 facilities are provided to allow grades for the
                 assignments to be entered into the database, to allow
                 students to be excused from assignments if appropriate
                 and to allow summary reports to be generated.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carissimo:1995:XEU,
  author =       "Joel W. Carissimo",
  title =        "{XINU}-an easy to use prototype for an operating
                 system course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "54--56",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216541",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McKenzie:1995:UCG,
  author =       "Peter McKenzie",
  title =        "Using {CASE} to get to maintenance",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "57--59",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216542",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper claims that traditional computing courses
                 do not provide emphasis and practical work on systems
                 maintenance. Yet research shows that maintenance cost
                 are the largest part of the software lifecycle. The
                 paper suggests some reasons why maintenance is not more
                 widely taught such as: students must first be familiar
                 with the language; and they must have good design
                 skills. These reasons suggest that maintenance could
                 only fit into the upper optional levels of a computing
                 course. This paper suggest that by using a CASE tool,
                 maintenance could be taught at lower levels. Some
                 examples of aspects of maintenance are included.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mattis:1995:AMC,
  author =       "W. E. Mattis",
  title =        "An advanced microprocessor course with a design
                 component",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "27",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "60--64",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/216511.216544",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The paper describes the structure of an advanced
                 microprocessor course, given at the graduate level.
                 Included in the discussion is the rationale for the
                 specific processors taught, the depth of coverage, and
                 a design component.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Marshall:1996:IHC,
  author =       "A. D. Marshall and S. Hurley",
  title =        "Interactive hypermedia courseware for the {World Wide
                 Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "1--5",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237478",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/MPG/sigcse99.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Baldwin:1996:TYE,
  author =       "Doug Baldwin",
  title =        "Three years' experience with gateway labs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "6--7",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237479",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartley:1996:HLM,
  author =       "Stephen J. Hartley",
  title =        "A hypermedia lab manual for operating systems: using
                 the network to teach",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "8--10",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237480",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lees:1996:ANL,
  author =       "B. Lees and J. Cowie",
  title =        "Applying natural language technology to the learning
                 of operating systems functions",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "11--13",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237482",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lin:1996:CCD,
  author =       "Janet Mei-Chuen Lin and Cheng-Chih Wu and Guey-Fa
                 Chiou",
  title =        "Critical concepts in the development of courseware for
                 {CS} closed laboratories",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "14--19",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237485",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1996:HPC,
  author =       "Deborah L. Knox",
  title =        "Historical perspectives of computing: an introductory
                 lab for browsing on the {World Wide Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "20--22",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237487",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Prey:1996:CLC,
  author =       "Jane Chu Prey",
  title =        "Cooperative learning and closed laboratories in an
                 undergraduate computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "23--24",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237490",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Khuri:1996:NAN,
  author =       "Sami Khuri and Jason Williams",
  title =        "{Neuralis}: an artificial neural network package",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "25--27",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237514",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/Pape.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brodlie:1996:SVS,
  author =       "Ken Brodlie and Jason Wood and Helen Wright",
  title =        "Scientific visualization-some novel approaches to
                 learning",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "28--32",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237516",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Coe:1996:IET,
  author =       "P. S. Coe and L. M. Williams and R. N. Ibbett",
  title =        "An interactive environment for the teaching of
                 computer architecture",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "33--35",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237518",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jimenez-Peris:1996:GVE,
  author =       "Ricardo Jim{\'e}nez-Peris and Crist{\'o}bal
                 Pareja-Flores and Marta Pati{\~n}o-Mart{\'\i}nez and J.
                 {\'A}ngel Vel{\'a}zquez-Iturbide",
  title =        "Graphical visualization of the evaluation of
                 functional programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "36--38",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237520",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jackson:1996:AAN,
  author =       "David Jackson and Ian G. Morton",
  title =        "Algorithm animation of Neural Networks",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "39--41",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237522",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/Pape.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Proulx:1996:FCS,
  author =       "Viera K. Proulx and Richard Rasala and Harriet Fell",
  title =        "Foundations of computer science: what are they and how
                 do we teach them?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "42--48",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237523",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Liffick:1996:NPS,
  author =       "Blaise W. Liffick and Robert Aiken",
  title =        "A novice programmer's support environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "49--51",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237525",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McConnell:1996:ALU,
  author =       "Jeffrey J. McConnell",
  title =        "Active learning and its use in computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "52--54",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237526",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Finkel:1996:CSP,
  author =       "David Finkel and Craig E. Wills",
  title =        "Computer supported peer learning in an introductory
                 computer science course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "55--56",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237527",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wolz:1996:TIP,
  author =       "Ursula Wolz and Scott Weisgarber and Daniel Domen and
                 Michael McAuliffe",
  title =        "Teaching introductory programming in the multi-media
                 world",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "57--59",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237528",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Woodman:1996:SUS,
  author =       "Mark Woodman and Simon Holland",
  title =        "From software user to software author: an initial
                 pedagogy for introductory object-oriented computing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "60--62",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237529",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mutchler:1996:UMG,
  author =       "David Mutchler and Cary Laxer",
  title =        "Using multimedia and {GUI} programming in {CS 1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "63--65",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237531",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Naps:1996:AVS,
  author =       "Thomas L. Naps",
  title =        "Algorithm visualization served off the {World Wide
                 Web}: why and how",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "66--71",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237532",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/Pape.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rodger:1996:IAC,
  author =       "Susan H. Rodger",
  title =        "Integrating animations into courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "72--74",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237533",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wilson:1996:RAS,
  author =       "Judith Wilson and Robert Aiken and Irvin Katz",
  title =        "Review of animation systems for algorithm
                 understanding",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "75--77",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237534",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberts:1996:TCP,
  author =       "Eric Roberts",
  title =        "Tools for creating portable demonstration programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "78--80",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237539",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pilgrim:1996:AUI,
  author =       "C. J. Pilgrim and Y. K. Leung",
  title =        "Appropriate use of the {Internet} in computer science
                 courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "81--86",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237540",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lawhead:1996:MDW,
  author =       "Pamela B. Lawhead and Kathryn F. Gates",
  title =        "Managing the development of a {Web}-based project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "87--89",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237542",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Veraart:1996:UCR,
  author =       "V. E. Veraart and S. L. Wright",
  title =        "Using {CD}-{ROMs} and local {Web} pages to provide
                 course materials for distance-students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "90--92",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237544",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Arnow:1996:ECI,
  author =       "David M. Arnow and Dayton Clark",
  title =        "Extending the conversation: integrating email and
                 {Web} technology in {CS} programming classes",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "93--95",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237546",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Miranda:1996:UIT,
  author =       "Jos{\'e} Eduardo Pina Miranda and Jorge Sousa Pinto",
  title =        "Using {Internet} technology for course support",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "96--100",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237548",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Owen:1996:IWW,
  author =       "G. Scott Owen",
  title =        "Integrating {World Wide Web} technology into
                 undergraduate education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "101--103",
  month =        "????",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237550",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/java.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sgml.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Compiler/java.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Compiler/JAVA/java.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  classcodes =   "C7810C (Computer-aided instruction); C7210
                 (Information services and centres); C6130M
                 (Multimedia); C6130D (Document processing techniques);
                 C6130G (Groupware)",
  conflocation = "Barcelona, Spain; 2--6 June 1996",
  conftitle =    "Conference on Integrating Technology into Computer
                 Science Education",
  corpsource =   "Dept. of Math. and Comput. Sci., Georgia State Univ.,
                 Atlanta, GA, USA",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "class presentation; collaborative learning;
                 collaborative software; computer aided instruction;
                 courses; cross-linking material; educational;
                 educational courses; examinations; groupware; high
                 speed; HTML; hypermedia; Hypertext Markup Language;
                 in-; interactive multimedia instruction; interactive
                 systems; Internet; Java; languages; network; page
                 description; student; student assignments;
                 undergraduate education; VRML; World Wide Web; WWW
                 documents",
  sponsororg =   "ACM",
  treatment =    "P Practical",
}

@Article{Siviter:1996:CAM,
  author =       "D. Siviter",
  title =        "Computer assistance for managing educational resources
                 and managing collaborative educational processes",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "104--106",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237551",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Beise:1996:IIT,
  author =       "Catherine M. Beise",
  title =        "Integrating {Internet} tools into the soft side of
                 informatics education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "107--108",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237552",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sharp:1996:MMA,
  author =       "Helen Sharp and Pat Hall",
  title =        "A multi-media approach to providing software project
                 experience for postgraduate students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "109--115",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237553",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Marsden:1996:MMB,
  author =       "Paul Marsden and Mark O'Connell",
  title =        "{MuPMoTT}: a multimedia based tool supporting the
                 teaching of process modelling within a framework of
                 structured system analysis",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "116--118",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237554",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ellis:1996:DIT,
  author =       "Ainslie E. Ellis",
  title =        "Design, implementation and testing techniques for
                 multimedia industrial experience projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "119--121",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237555",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carswell:1996:AGA,
  author =       "Linda Carswell and David Benyon",
  title =        "An adventure game approach to multimedia distance
                 education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "122--124",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237560",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cao:1996:ICC,
  author =       "Nguyen Vi Cao and Atika Laribi and Michel L{\'e}onard
                 and Olivier Parchet and Catherine Zellweger",
  title =        "Integrating {CSCW} in a cooperative learning
                 environment to teach information systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "125--129",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237568",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Granger:1996:ICT,
  author =       "Mary J. Granger and Joyce Currie Little",
  title =        "Integrating {CASE} tools into the {CS\slash CIS}
                 curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "130--132",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237569",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goczyla:1996:SQL,
  author =       "Krzysztof Goczyla and Stanis{\l}aw Szejko",
  title =        "Software quality lab in the informatics option of
                 {Gda{\~n}sk TU} electronics faculty",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "133--135",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237571",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McManus:1996:GTT,
  author =       "Margaret M. McManus",
  title =        "Gathering together through groupware in an {MA}
                 program",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "136--138",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237599",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jones:1996:CDE,
  author =       "David Jones",
  title =        "Computing by distance education: problems and
                 solutions",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "139--146",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237616",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Thomas:1996:DEI,
  author =       "Pete Thomas and Linda Carswell and Marian Petre and
                 Barbara Poniatowska and Blaine Price and Judy Emms",
  title =        "Distance education over the {Internet}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "147--149",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237619",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Miller:1996:MAI,
  author =       "James E. Miller",
  title =        "Mistakes to avoid in the introduction of compressed
                 video",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "150--152",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237623",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Maly:1996:IRI,
  author =       "K. Maly and C. Wild and C. M. Overstreet and H.
                 Abdel-Wahab and A. Gupta and A. Youssef and E. Stoica
                 and R. Talla and A. Prabhu",
  title =        "Interactive remote instruction: initial experiences",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "153--155",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237625",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Luque:1996:PSD,
  author =       "E. Luque and J. Sorribes and R. Suppi and E. Cesar and
                 J. L. Falguera and M. Serrano",
  title =        "Parallel systems development in education: a guided
                 method",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "156--158",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237629",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kwiatkowski:1996:TPP,
  author =       "Jan Kwiatkowski and Marek Andruszkiewicz and Emilio
                 Luque and Tomas Margalef and Jose Cunha and Jo{\~a}o
                 Louren{\c{c}}o and Henryk Krawczyk and Stanis{\l}aw
                 Szejko",
  title =        "Teaching parallel processing: development of
                 curriculum and software tools",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "159--161",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237633",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Marti:1996:PTN,
  author =       "Willis F. Marti and Udo W. Pooch and John A.
                 {Hamilton, Jr.}",
  title =        "{PACKET} tracing: a new paradigm for teaching computer
                 network courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "162--164",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237637",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McManus:1996:CUG,
  author =       "Margaret M. McManus and Catherine M. Beise and John A.
                 Cross and John Saunders and Michael B. Twidale",
  title =        "Challenges of using groupware to teach groupware",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "165--166",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237640",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1996:ULC,
  author =       "Deborah Knox and Ursula Wolz and Daniel Joyce and
                 Elliot Koffman and Joan Krone and Atika Laribi and J.
                 Paul Myers and Viera K. Proulx and Kenneth A. Reek",
  title =        "Use of laboratories in computer science education:
                 guidelines for good practice: report of the working
                 group on computing laboratories",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "167--181",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237644",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Adams:1996:IMP,
  author =       "Elizabeth S. Adams and Linda Carswell and Amruth Kumar
                 and Jeanine Meyer and Ainslie Ellis and Patrick Hall
                 and John Motil",
  title =        "Interactive multimedia pedagogies. {Report} of the
                 {Working Group on Interactive Multimedia Pedagogy}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "182--191",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237646",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/Pape.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bergin:1996:OVU,
  author =       "Joe Bergin and Ken Brodlie and Michael Goldweber
                 and Ricardo Jim{\'e}nez-Peris and Sami Khuri Marta
                 Pati{\~n}o-Mart{\'\i}nez and Myles McNally and Tom Naps
                 and Susan Rodger and Judith Wilson",
  title =        "An overview of visualization: its use and design.
                 {Report} of the {Working Group on Visualization}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "192--200",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237647",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/Pape.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Almstrum:1996:ETT,
  author =       "Vicki L. Almstrum and Nell Dale and Anders Berglund
                 and Mary Granger and Joyce Currie Little and Diane M.
                 Miller and Marian Petre and Paul Schragger and Fred
                 Springsteel",
  title =        "Evaluation: turning technology from toy to tool:
                 report of the working group on evaluation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "201--217",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237648",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartley:1996:ETU,
  author =       "Stephen Hartley and Jill Gerhardt-Powals and David
                 Jones and Colin McCormack and M. Dee Medley and Blaine
                 Price and Margaret Reek and Marguerite K. Summers",
  title =        "Enhancing teaching using the {Internet}: report of the
                 working group on the {World Wide Web} as an interactive
                 teaching resource",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "218--228",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237649",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Adams:1996:TTM,
  author =       "Elizabeth S. Adams",
  title =        "Teaching with technology at my fingertips",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "229",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237650",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Batlle:1996:BEP,
  author =       "Joan Batlle and Joan Mart{\`\i} and Llu{\`\i}s
                 Pacheco",
  title =        "A built-in educational platform for integrating
                 computer engineering technologies",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "229",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237651",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  xxnote =       "Check first author name?? Article PDF is not in ACM
                 Portal database.",
}

@Article{Jimenez-Peris:1996:DML,
  author =       "Ricardo Jim{\'e}nez-Peris and Marta
                 Pati{\~n}o-Mart{\'\i}nez and Jes{\'u}s M.
                 Mil{\'a}n-Franco",
  title =        "{DD-Mod}: a library for teaching distributed
                 programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "229",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237652",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tjaden:1996:HVS,
  author =       "Bunny J. Tjaden",
  title =        "How visual software influences learning in college
                 students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "229",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237653",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goldweber:1996:PLC,
  author =       "Michael Goldweber",
  title =        "Proposal for an on-line computer science courseware
                 review",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "230",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237654",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Krone:1996:USCa,
  author =       "Joan Krone",
  title =        "Using symbolic computation for teaching data
                 structures and algorithm analysis",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "230",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237655",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schill:1996:ITB,
  author =       "Alexander Schill",
  title =        "Interdisciplinary teleteaching based on {WWW} and
                 Internet",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "230",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237656",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Taylor:1996:IMT,
  author =       "Harriet G. Taylor",
  title =        "Integrating multimedia and telecommunications
                 laboratory experiences into teacher education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "230",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.250711",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wohlgehagen:1996:CBH,
  author =       "Kathleen Wohlgehagen and Cathleen Norris",
  title =        "Computer-based high school algebra {I}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "230",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237658",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Andreeva:1996:IAM,
  author =       "Elena Andreeva and Igor Gushchin",
  title =        "Informatics in an advanced mathematical high school",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "231",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237663",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McNally:1996:UVT,
  author =       "Myles F. McNally",
  title =        "Using visualization in teaching data structures and
                 algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "231",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237660",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Motil:1996:DTS,
  author =       "John Motil",
  title =        "Desktop teaching: on the students desk",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "231",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237659",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rosbottom:1996:ITW,
  author =       "John Rosbottom and Adrian Meads",
  title =        "Interactive tutorials on the {World Wide Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "231",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237664",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Velazquez-Iturbide:1996:IPT,
  author =       "J. {\'A}ngel Vel{\'a}zquez-Iturbide and Ana Maria
                 Cosias Rincon and Nuria Llorente Fernandez",
  title =        "An inexpensive programming toolset for algorithm
                 development",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "231",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237662",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Castaneda:1996:WBA,
  author =       "Sheila E. Castaneda",
  title =        "{Windows}-based applications in {Visual Basic} using
                 project teams",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "232",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237668",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jimenez-Peris:1996:MIV,
  author =       "Ricardo Jim{\'e}nez-Peris and Marta
                 Pati{\~n}o-Mart{\'\i}nez",
  title =        "A {Modula-2} interpreter\slash visualizer",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "232",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237671",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Johansen:1996:ILG,
  author =       "Mary Johansen and Jason Kapusta and Doug Baldwin",
  title =        "Interactive learning with gateway labs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "232",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237665",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wu:1996:VRL,
  author =       "Cheng-Chih Wu and Janet Mei-Chuen Lin and Guey-Fa
                 Chiou",
  title =        "Visualizing recursion and linked lists",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "232",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237670",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jacker:1996:TST,
  author =       "Kenneth H. Jacker",
  title =        "{Tkined\slash scotty}: tools for network
                 documentation, monitoring and troubleshooting",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "233",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237675",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jones:1996:RJA,
  author =       "David Jones",
  title =        "{RCOS.java}: an animated operating system for computer
                 science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "233",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237677",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nadi:1996:SPS,
  author =       "Najib Nadi",
  title =        "Simulation programs for studying computer
                 organization",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "233",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237678",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pattinson:1996:NMT,
  author =       "Colin Pattinson",
  title =        "Network management teaching-managing a simulated
                 network",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "233",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237679",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hainline:1996:DPT,
  author =       "Douglas Hainline",
  title =        "{DATATUTOR}: a package for teaching data
                 representation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "234",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237684",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sanchez:1996:VVL,
  author =       "Javier Sanchez and Jordi Vitria",
  title =        "{ViLi (Vision LISP)}: a software environment for
                 teaching image processing and analysis",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "234",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237681",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Velazquez-Iturbide:1996:HTL,
  author =       "J. {\'A}ngel Vel{\'a}zquez-Iturbide",
  title =        "{HIPE}: a {Turbo}-like environment for functional
                 programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "234",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237682",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Grundke:1996:SVD,
  author =       "E. W. Grundke and Zhengya Zhu",
  title =        "Simulator for visualizing data link layer protocols",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "{SI}",
  pages =        "235",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/237477.237685",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chavey:1996:SAA,
  author =       "Darrah Chavey",
  title =        "Songs and the analysis of algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "4--8",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236475",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In teaching a course that includes the analysis of
                 algorithms, songs can be used as teaching examples.
                 Multiple examples can be done at one time, or in one
                 homework set, without the background explanation
                 required to analyze real algorithms. Many components of
                 algorithm analysis can be introduced using an analysis
                 of songs. This is particularly useful at gaining
                 experience extracting summations from ``word
                 problems.''",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Denman:1996:DRA,
  author =       "Richard T. Denman",
  title =        "Derivation of recursive algorithms for {CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "9--13",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236477",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Elenborgen:1996:PDA,
  author =       "Bruce S. Elenborgen",
  title =        "Parallel and distributed algorithms: laboratory
                 assignments in {Joyce\slash Linda}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "14--18",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236478",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A NSF ILI grant funded development of parallel and
                 distributed laboratories for an undergraduate course in
                 parallel algorithms. The laboratory assignments
                 explored various parallel and distributed
                 architectures, and paradigms. These assignments were
                 implemented using the Joyce/Linda[McDonald92] language.
                 The Joyce/Linda software was also utilized to develop
                 parallel and distributed laboratory assignments for
                 courses in data structures, operating systems and
                 computer networks. The parallel and distributed
                 algorithms course examined both theoretical and
                 practical areas of study.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cross:1996:SIT,
  author =       "James H. {Cross II} and Thomas M. Phillips",
  title =        "Successfully integrating traditional and
                 object-oriented approaches with {Ada 95}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "19--23",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236481",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reek:1996:TIV,
  author =       "Kenneth A. Reek",
  title =        "Teaching inheritance versus inclusion to first year
                 computer science students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "24--26",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236482",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes two laboratory experiments used
                 at the Rochester Institute of Technology to teach first
                 year CS students the difference between inheritance and
                 inclusion (aggregation, composition).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wallingford:1996:TFC,
  author =       "Eugene Wallingford",
  title =        "Toward a first course based on object-oriented
                 patterns",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "27--31",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236485",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Liu:1996:RFC,
  author =       "Mei-Ling Liu and Lori Blanc",
  title =        "On the retention of female computer science students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "32--36",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236486",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sackrowitz:1996:UPF,
  author =       "Marian Gunsher Sackrowitz and Ann Parker Parelius",
  title =        "An unlevel playing field: women in the introductory
                 computer science courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "37--41",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236488",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This study looks at students in introductory computer
                 science courses at two major universities in order to
                 understand some of the reasons behind the recent sharp
                 decline in the number of female computer science
                 majors. The study focuses on gender differences in
                 preparation and skills and the implications of these
                 differences on success in the introductory course. The
                 study showed that despite the proliferation of
                 computers in many areas of daily life, female students
                 still enter introductory computer science classes with
                 weaker programming skills and less involvement with
                 computers than their male counterparts. Prior
                 familiarity with programming concepts emerged as the
                 most useful predictor of success in the course and a
                 high level of success was difficult to achieve without
                 this prior knowledge. The mean grades were comparable
                 for men and women but the women were underrepresented
                 among the highest achievers. This study suggests that
                 the above factors combine to place women at a
                 disadvantage in introductory computer science classes
                 and that some adjustments to the pace and/or structure
                 of this course might be necessary to attract and retain
                 more women in the major.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Townsend:1996:VVT,
  author =       "Gloria Childress Townsend",
  title =        "Viewing video-taped role models improves female
                 attitudes toward computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "42--46",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236491",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Concepcion:1996:DVL,
  author =       "Arturo I. Concepcion and David R. Millican",
  title =        "Developing the {VLSI} laboratory for the computer
                 architecture course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "47--52",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236493",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The paper presents an alternative way of having a
                 hardware laboratory for the computer architecture
                 course that is taught in every computer science
                 curricula. For institutions like CSUSB, with no College
                 of Engineering, having an actual hardware laboratory
                 will be cost prohibitive. An alternative way is to have
                 a set of computer-aided design (CAD) tools where
                 students can design hardware and then test their
                 designs using simulation. This has been done at CSUSB.
                 By using MAGIC (a VLSI layout design tool) and IRSIM (a
                 functional logic simulator) the VLSI Design Laboratory
                 was developed for the computer architecture course in
                 the Department of Computer Science. The VLSI Design
                 Laboratory was implemented using the machines obtained
                 from a matching equipment grant from IBM which consists
                 of five IBM RS/6000s and 15 XStations. The paper
                 presents how the laboratory complements the lecture and
                 how the students learn the hierarchical design
                 methodology of VLSI circuits. Future directions of the
                 VLSI Design Laboratory are also presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Parker:1996:SBS,
  author =       "Brenda C. Parker and Peter G. Drexel",
  title =        "A system-based sequence of closed labs for computer
                 systems organization",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "53--57",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236495",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The closed-lab environment has been used successfully
                 in the Computer Science curriculum. This paper proposes
                 a set of laboratories, that combine the use of hands-on
                 techniques and logic simulation. During a semester,
                 students in Computer Systems Organization classes
                 design and implement a working model of a complete
                 system: OBC.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Meyer:1996:CLG,
  author =       "R. Mark Meyer",
  title =        "{CANLOGS}: a logic gate simulator for all seasons",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "58--62",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236510",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Connelly:1996:HSS,
  author =       "Christopher Connelly and Alan W. Biermann and David
                 Pennock and Peter Wu",
  title =        "Home-study software: flexible, interactive, and
                 distributed software for independent study",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "63--67",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236509",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kirsch:1996:TOA,
  author =       "Raymond P. Kirsch",
  title =        "Teaching {OLE} automation: a problem-based learning
                 approach",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "68--72",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236511",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McGill:1996:SPD,
  author =       "Tanya McGill and Valerie Hobbs",
  title =        "A supplementary package for distance education
                 students studying introductory programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "73--77",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236512",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Teaching introductory programming can be a challenging
                 task. Students can become too concerned with learning
                 syntax at the expense of more general conceptual
                 understanding. Distance education students in
                 particular often have problems as the difficulty of the
                 course content is compounded by the problems of
                 isolation from other students and their tutor. Although
                 instructional strategies for emphasising conceptual
                 knowledge are well known for face-to-face instruction,
                 there has been little attempt to apply them to the
                 external situation. This paper describes a
                 supplementary package for external students designed to
                 address some of these problems. The package has been
                 used for two semesters and feedback from students
                 indicates that they find it a valuable resource.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Adams:1996:OCD,
  author =       "Joel C. Adams",
  title =        "Object-centered design: a five-phase introduction to
                 object-oriented programming in {CS1}-2",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "78--82",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236513",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "With Pascal waning in popularity as the CS1 language
                 of choice, many colleges and universities are
                 considering the adoption of C++ (an imperative and
                 object-oriented hybrid language) as its replacement. An
                 important issue that must be addressed in making such a
                 change is the question of what software design
                 methodology should be taught to CS1 students. Two
                 common answers are (i) continue teaching structured
                 design in CS1 and switch to object-oriented design in
                 CS2; or (ii) teach object-oriented design from the
                 outset in CS1. We believe that both of these approaches
                 have significant drawbacks. To avoid these drawbacks,
                 this paper describes a graduated approach to
                 object-oriented design that we call object-centered
                 design. The approach introduces students to
                 object-oriented design by the end of CS2 without an
                 abrupt paradigm shift, and without requiring an early
                 introduction of inheritance.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kolling:1996:OOP,
  author =       "Michael K{\"o}lling and John Rosenberg",
  title =        "An object-oriented program development environment for
                 the first programming course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "83--87",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236514",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Over the last ten years there has been a major shift
                 in programming language design from procedural
                 languages to object-oriented languages. Most
                 universities have adopted an object-oriented language
                 for their first programming course. However, far less
                 consideration has been given to the program development
                 environment. In this paper we argue that the
                 environment is possibly more important than the
                 language and existing environments fail to fully
                 support the object-oriented paradigm. We describe a new
                 program development environment and show how it has
                 been specifically designed to support object-oriented
                 design and programming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Woodman:1996:JSS,
  author =       "Mark Woodman and Gordon Davies and Simon Holland",
  title =        "The joy of software-starting with objects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "88--92",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236515",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper briefly describes the evolution and content
                 of the Open University's new introductory course in
                 Computing which has been designed for delivery
                 internationally to over 3500 students per year. It
                 replaces a conventional procedural programming course
                 and introduces computing through object
                 technology---specifically, through Smalltalk. Unlike
                 its predecessor it is being designed to be accessible
                 by non-computing majors and with an intention to
                 address the gender imbalance in our student population.
                 Multimedia technologies are used in the delivery of
                 this distance learning course which is being developed
                 by the course team for presentation in 1997.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fekete:1996:PRI,
  author =       "Alan Fekete",
  title =        "Preparation for research: instruction in interpreting
                 and evaluating research",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "93--97",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236516",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Traditional curricula have concentrated on teaching
                 students the content of a subject; however, it has
                 recently become apparent that effective education needs
                 to include explicit instruction in many of the
                 auxiliary skills and attitudes needed for the content
                 to be useful. This applies just as much at advanced
                 levels as at introductory ones, though the impact on
                 teaching practice is not yet widespread. This paper
                 describes an innovative module taught to students who
                 are about to commence research, in which these students
                 are given explicit guidance on how to judge the work of
                 others (or their own work). The module is provided to
                 undergraduates intending to perform an ``Honours''
                 research project in their final year; however, the
                 material would also be relevant to students in a
                 graduate program or senior seminar.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schulze:1996:TEI,
  author =       "Kay G. Schulze and Frances S. Grodzinsky",
  title =        "Teaching ethical issues in computer science: what
                 worked and what didn't",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "98--101",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236517",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Daniels:1996:TCS,
  author =       "Mats Daniels and Judith Gal-Ezer and Ian Sanders and
                 G. Joy Teague",
  title =        "Teaching computer science: experience from four
                 continents",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "102--106",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236518",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper we compare and contrast computer science
                 curricula in four universities in four different
                 countries (and continents): Australia; Israel; South
                 Africa and Sweden. Uppsala University in Sweden is a
                 European university founded in 1477 with a long history
                 of tradition. The University of Witwatersrand in South
                 Africa and Deakin University in Australia evolved from
                 'Schools of Mines' (technical schools) in 1922 and 1977
                 respectively and have their roots in the British
                 academic system. The Open University of Israel,
                 established in 1974 by the Ministry of Education, began
                 teaching in 1976. As new universities, Deakin
                 University and the Open University of Israel sought to
                 fill needs not met by existing universities, so both
                 have concentrated on distance learning (off-campus)
                 programs. For similar reasons, Deakin University and
                 the Open University of Israel also provide special
                 non-degree short courses and programs. We refer to
                 undergraduate and graduate studies and consider degree
                 requirements, methods of delivery, assessment, and
                 costs. We also briefly mention such issues as
                 programming languages and the development and evolution
                 of programs of study and of individual courses in the
                 four universities.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cunningham:1996:IAI,
  author =       "Sally Jo Cunningham",
  title =        "Internet-accessible information retrieval tools for
                 advanced {DB\slash IR} courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "107--111",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236519",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A number of information retrieval tools are now freely
                 available over the Internet, either as full production
                 programs or demos. These programs illustrate a wide
                 variety of IR techniques, and can allow students to
                 gain realistic, hands-on experience with a variety of
                 algorithms that were previously difficult to discuss
                 other than in theory. In addition, many of these
                 programs are associated with computing-related document
                 collections that in and of themselves are useful for
                 computer science students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dietrich:1996:DTP,
  author =       "Suzanne W. Dietrich and Susan D. Urban",
  title =        "Database theory in practice: learning from cooperative
                 group projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "112--116",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236520",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the use of cooperative group
                 learning concepts in support of an undergraduate
                 database management course that emphasizes the
                 theoretical and practical aspects of database
                 application development. The course project is divided
                 into three main phases, involving requirements analysis
                 and conceptual design, relational database mapping and
                 prototyping, and database system implementation using
                 Microsoft Access. The project deliverables are designed
                 so that students not only develop a database
                 implementation, but also evaluate their design in terms
                 of functional dependencies, normal forms, the lossless
                 join property, and the dependency preservation
                 property, thus establishing the need for sound database
                 design principles. Students are required to actively
                 participate in each phase, with students assuming
                 different roles in each phase to allow them to
                 experience different leadership responsibilities. As
                 part of the grading process, students evaluate their
                 own performance as well as the performance of others in
                 the group. This paper describes our experience with the
                 structure and administration of cooperative groups and
                 provides a discussion of the lessons we have learned,
                 including initial observations of the effectiveness of
                 the approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goelman:1996:ITT,
  author =       "Don Goelman",
  title =        "The {INGRES} Tutorial as a tool in teaching database
                 theory (or, {I} can't believe it's not training)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "117--119",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236522",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The course in database principles is an example of a
                 course in the computer science curriculum in which a
                 balance is sought between theory and applications. With
                 some exceptions, most computer science majors at the
                 author's university prefer material which is oriented
                 towards what they view as practical applications. At
                 best, they tolerate the theoretical component of their
                 courses. In particular, many who enroll in the database
                 course hope to acquire expertise in particular
                 software. One of the course projects has managed to
                 finesse this prejudice by hiding some theoretical ideas
                 in the benign cloak of an application.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Null:1996:ATC,
  author =       "Linda Null",
  title =        "Applying {TQM} in the computer science classroom",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "120--124",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236523",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reek:1996:SIS,
  author =       "Kenneth A. Reek",
  title =        "A software infrastructure to support introductory
                 computer science courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "125--129",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236524",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the software developed to support
                 the first two years of the Computer Science curriculum
                 at the Rochester Institute of Technology. The system
                 supports student retrieval of files and data; on-line
                 submission with immediate, automated testing and
                 archiving of student work; and assists in grading the
                 work and the associated record keeping.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wise:1996:YID,
  author =       "Michael J. Wise",
  title =        "{YAP3}: Improved Detection of Similarities in Computer
                 Program and Other Texts",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "130--134",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236525;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/236452.236525",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-757-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-757-5",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1996.html#Wise96;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1996.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Object/Nierstrasz.bib;
                 http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/wise96yap.html",
  abstract =     "In spite of years of effort, plagiarism in student
                 assignment submissions still causes considerable
                 difficulties for course designers; if students' work is
                 not their own, how can anyone be certain they have
                 learnt anything? YAP is a system for detecting
                 suspected plagiarism in computer programs and other
                 texts submitted by students. The paper reviews YAP3,
                 the third version of YAP, focusing on its novel
                 underlying algorithm --- Running-Karp-Rabin
                 Greedy-String-Tiling (or RKS-GST), whose development
                 arose from the observation with YAP and other systems
                 that students shuffle independent code segments. YAP3
                 is able to detect transposed subsequences, and is less
                 perturbed by spurious additional statements. The paper
                 concludes with a discussion of recent extension of YAP
                 to English texts, further illustrating the flexibility
                 of the YAP approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  bdsk-url-1 =   "http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/wise96yap.html",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "plagiarism",
}

@Article{Boroni:1996:DDE,
  author =       "Christopher M. Boroni and Torlief J. Eneboe and
                 Frances W. Goosey and Jason A. Ross and Rockford J.
                 Ross",
  title =        "Dancing with {DynaLab}: endearing the science of
                 computing to students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "135--139",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236526",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shaffer:1996:USD,
  author =       "Clifford A. Shaffer and Lenwood S. Heath and Jun
                 Yang",
  title =        "Using the {Swan} Data Structure Visualization System
                 for Computer Science Education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "140--144",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236527;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/236452.236527",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-757-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-757-5",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1996.html#ShafferHY96;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1996.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/Pape.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Szuecs:1996:CWA,
  author =       "Laszlo Szuecs",
  title =        "Creating Windows applications using {Borland}'s {OWL}
                 classes",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "145--149",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236528",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents a brief overview of Windows
                 programming in C++ with Borland's OWL classes and
                 describes the planning and organization of a course in
                 graphical user interfaces. It may be helpful to
                 instructors who would like to combine the creation of
                 graphical user interfaces with an intermediate or
                 advanced course in object-oriented programming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hilburn:1996:IFS,
  author =       "Thomas B. Hilburn",
  title =        "Inspections of formal specifications",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "150--154",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236529",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a student peer review process
                 that has been incorporated within an introductory
                 course in formal methods. As a course project, a team
                 of students develops a formal specification of the
                 requirements for a software system. The final part of
                 the project involves the inspection of the
                 specification by another team of student reviewers. The
                 paper presents a rationale for including inspections as
                 part of a formal methods course. It provides a detailed
                 description of the inspection process and reports on
                 the application of the process to a specific class
                 project. Finally, the paper assesses the results of the
                 use of such a paradigm and discusses how to improve
                 it.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McLoughlin:1996:TFP,
  author =       "Henry McLoughlin and Kevin Hely",
  title =        "Teaching formal programming to first year computer
                 science students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "155--159",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236530",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The integration of formal methods into the
                 undergraduate curriculum has been slow considering the
                 benefits they offer. One reason for this is that the
                 limited number of relevant textbooks, although
                 excellent, are rather terse. As a result, we have
                 developed various techniques for teaching formal
                 programming in which each step is fully justified by
                 appealing to a design rule or heuristic. Another
                 technique we have developed is 'programming by rule'
                 using generic templates to solve problems of similar
                 structure---rather like differentiation by rule. Our
                 experience to date has been encouraging. We outline
                 some of these techniques and give examples of them in
                 practice.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jones:1996:WBL,
  author =       "Rhys Price Jones and Fritz Ruehr and Richard Salter",
  title =        "{Web}-based laboratories in the introductory
                 curriculum enhance formal methods",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "160--164",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236531",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In order to be effective, the content of the
                 introductory curriculum must strike a proper balance
                 between the highly motivating (i.e., ``fun'') aspects
                 of programming and the development of sound scientific
                 background and analytical thinking. As part of an
                 NSF-funded Education Infrastructure project at Oberlin
                 College, we have developed a curriculum that maintains
                 a high level of scientific rigor, while making use of
                 the new technology of HTML and the World Wide Web to
                 instruct and motivate. We provide our students with an
                 integrated experience which includes web-based
                 guided-study laboratory materials, an interactive
                 programming environment and a syllabus which emphasizes
                 the interplay between abstract and formal concepts on
                 the one hand, and concrete implementations and
                 experimental investigations on the other. Scheme is
                 used as the primary programming environment, to
                 illustrate the salient features of the imperative and
                 the object-oriented paradigms, along with the
                 functional paradigm with which it is usually
                 associated. We believe that our approach: (1)
                 revitalizes the material for students who expect a more
                 modern presentation; (2) provides a balanced view of
                 competing perspectives on programming style and
                 methodology; and (3) provides a well-balanced mixture
                 of formal analysis and experimental measurement. In
                 order to produce laboratory materials without the
                 overhead entailed by creating them directly in HTML, we
                 have developed a tool capable of abstracting the
                 functionality and style of HTML documents; thus we can
                 engage both faculty and student authors in the
                 development of laboratories with a uniform style. The
                 very tools used to develop the online materials are
                 themselves an excellent illustration of the empowerment
                 which results from a thorough understanding of the
                 principles of abstraction.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Berk:1996:SSE,
  author =       "Toby S. Berk",
  title =        "A simple student environment for lightweight process
                 concurrent programming under {SunOs}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "165--169",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236532",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a simplified student environment
                 for lightweight processes (threads) under SunOs or
                 compatible systems. The environment is built on top of
                 the SunOs lwp package. A range of concurrency
                 facilities are provided including critical sections,
                 events and signals, and monitors. A hidden scheduler
                 enhances the effects of the nondeterminacy, even for
                 small student programs. A sample assignment is shown
                 using the package.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bynum:1996:AYA,
  author =       "Bill Bynum and Tracy Camp",
  title =        "After you, {Alfonse}: a mutual exclusion toolkit",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "170--174",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236533",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goldberg:1996:CEC,
  author =       "Murray W. Goldberg",
  title =        "{CALOS}: an experiment with computer-aided learning
                 for operating systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "175--179",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236534",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes CALOS, our application of
                 computer-aided learning to a third-year Computer
                 Science course in Operating Systems. The delivery tool
                 we choose is the World Wide Web. The course material
                 consists of interactive exercises, interactive
                 simulations and demonstrations, on-line notes, student
                 --- instructor communication mechanisms, student ---
                 student communication mechanisms, progress tracking,
                 navigational aids, student evaluations, a glossary and
                 a bibliography. We make use of text, images, animations
                 and voice. We plan to offer the course experimentally
                 in several modes in order to determine the best use of
                 the hypermedia presentation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ben-Ari:1996:UII,
  author =       "Mordechai Ben-Ari",
  title =        "Using inheritance to implement concurrency",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "180--184",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236535",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Ada programming language is an excellent vehicle
                 for teaching concurrent programming because support for
                 concurrency has been designed into the language. The
                 paper shows how primitives from other concurrent
                 programming languages (occam, Linda, Joyce) can be
                 simulated within Ada. This enables students to study
                 other constructs without the overhead of learning a new
                 language and programming environment. The simulations
                 use inheritance which was introduced into the new Ada
                 95 standard. They can also be used as examples of
                 inheritance when teaching object-oriented
                 programming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Berman:1996:TAB,
  author =       "A. Michael Berman and Robert C. Duvall",
  title =        "Thinking about binary trees in an object-oriented
                 world",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "185--189",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236536",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Binary Search Tree serves as an important example
                 when teaching data structures. We explore new
                 approaches to understanding the implementation of a
                 Binary Search Tree, using concepts from Object-Oriented
                 Programming and C++. The Binary Search Tree illustrates
                 how adopting a new approach and a new language can lead
                 to a new way of thinking about a familiar problem.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kolling:1996:BLT,
  author =       "Michael K{\"o}lling and John Rosenberg",
  title =        "{Blue} --- a language for teaching object-oriented
                 programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "190--194",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236537",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Teaching object-oriented programming has clearly
                 become an important part of computer science education.
                 We agree with many others that the best place to teach
                 it is in the CS1 introductory course. Many problems
                 with this have been reported in the literature. These
                 mainly result from inadequate languages and
                 environments. Blue is a new language and integrated
                 programming environment, currently under development
                 explicitly for object-oriented teaching. We expect
                 clear advantages from the use of Blue for first year
                 teaching compared to using other available languages.
                 This paper describes the design principles on which the
                 language was based and the most important aspects of
                 the language itself.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carver:1996:MAS,
  author =       "Curtis A. Carver and Richard A. Howard and William D.
                 Lane",
  title =        "A methodology for active, student-controlled learning:
                 motivating our weakest students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "195--199",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236538",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper outlines a methodology to improve the
                 performance of the weakest students through networked
                 hypermedia and in-class exercises. These efforts are an
                 outgrowth of experiments using networked hypermedia in
                 the form of the World Wide Web (WWW) as the basis for
                 networked courseware [1-4]. While initial approaches
                 significantly enhanced the performance of the average
                 and best students, there was no noticeable gain in the
                 performance of the weakest students [4]. They continued
                 to come into class without preparing and expected to
                 somehow condense the learning process into five
                 55-minute sections every two weeks. In order to enhance
                 the performance of these students, a series of
                 procedures were developed that should increase their
                 performance while minimizing any negative impact on the
                 rest of class. The first procedure uses a networked,
                 Common Gateway Interface (CGI), form-based Student
                 Response System to enhanced communications and
                 expectations between the student and professor. The
                 Student Response System automates the grading of
                 homework assignments, and as a result, facilitates
                 nightly homework assignments without increasing the
                 grading load on the professor. The second component of
                 this methodology involves developing a series of
                 graded, in-class, group exercises that can be easily
                 graded in-class, represents a substantial portion of
                 the final grade, and requires a public presentation of
                 the group's results. Together, these tools and
                 practices form a methodology for reaching the weakest
                 students and enhancing their performance.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kiper:1996:PAT,
  author =       "James D. Kiper and Valerie Cross and Diane Delisio and
                 Ann Sobel and Douglas Troy",
  title =        "Perspectives on assessment through teaching portfolios
                 in computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "200--203",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236539",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fell:1996:WAC,
  author =       "Harriet J. Fell and Viera K. Proulx and John Casey",
  title =        "Writing across the computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "204--209",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236540",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "At our university, as at many others across the
                 country, there is a movement to integrate the common
                 core subjects with the disciplinary studies. While in
                 the past writing has been a domain of English
                 departments, the new trend is 'writing across
                 curriculum'. It is clear that effective written and
                 oral communication skills are critical for the
                 successful computer professional. We present
                 suggestions for writing assignments that complement the
                 main themes of computer courses from introductory to
                 advanced levels. While some of these have appeared in
                 the literature, others are new. We report on our
                 experience with these assignments and reflect on how
                 they enhance the computer science curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Towhidnejad:1996:SEE,
  author =       "Massood Towhidnejad and James R. Aman",
  title =        "Software engineering emphasis in advanced courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "210--213",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236541",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dorf:1996:NWA,
  author =       "Mary Lou Dorf and Gerald R. Heuring",
  title =        "Nightmare on {Westwood Avenue}: product development
                 laboratory: success, failure, both, neither???",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "214--216",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236542",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Traditionally, computer software development courses
                 have produced projects with small numbers of
                 homogeneous users requiring limited maintenance and
                 which run on a single platform as opposed to products
                 which are distributed to large numbers of diverse
                 users, run on multiple platforms, and which are
                 upgraded and re-released many times. The NSF/ILI-IG
                 grant with the university match provided funding to
                 establish a software product development laboratory in
                 an effort to provide students with the product
                 development experience that many will need upon
                 graduation. This paper discusses the concept for, the
                 goals and subgoals of, and the first year's evaluation
                 of the Product Development Laboratory.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Biddle:1996:EIC,
  author =       "Robert Biddle and Ewan Tempero",
  title =        "Explaining inheritance: a code reusability
                 perspective",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "217--221",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236543",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Programmers new to the object-oriented paradigm often
                 have difficulty learning how to use inheritance
                 properly. In this paper we introduce an approach to
                 explaining inheritance that is based on understanding
                 the nature of reusability. We show how the important
                 aspect of inheritance is interface conformance, and
                 explain the role this plays in supporting reusability.
                 We then outline a method for determining when and how
                 to use both single inheritance and multiple
                 inheritance, and discuss the implications of our
                 approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Baldwin:1996:DLC,
  author =       "Doug Baldwin",
  title =        "Discovery learning in computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "222--226",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236544",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Howard:1996:FLS,
  author =       "Richard A. Howard and Curtis A. Carver and William D.
                 Lane",
  title =        "{Felder}'s learning styles, {Bloom}'s taxonomy, and
                 the Kolb learning cycle: tying it all together in the
                 {CS2} course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "227--231",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236545",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{DeClue:1996:OOP,
  author =       "Tim DeClue",
  title =        "Object-orientation and the principles of learning
                 theory: a new look at problems and benefits",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "232--236",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236546",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Daigle:1996:ICP,
  author =       "R. J. Daigle and Michael V. Doran and J. Harold
                 Pardue",
  title =        "Integrating collaborative problem solving throughout
                 the curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "237--241",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236547",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Our graduates are ill-prepared for entry positions in
                 industry. This is the message from a 1994 NSF task
                 force comprised of members from academia and industry.
                 Among the specific deficiencies cited were
                 problem-solving skills and the ability to work in
                 groups. In a recent publication, the authors described
                 a group problem-solving model, Group Zig Zag, based on
                 the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. In this paper we show
                 how the integration of a collaborative approach
                 throughout the curriculum can be achieved by adopting
                 the Group Zig Zag model.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCauley:1996:DSU,
  author =       "Ren{\'e}e A. McCauley and Ursula Jackson and Bill
                 Manaris",
  title =        "Documentation standards in the undergraduate computer
                 science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "242--246",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236548",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper focuses on documentation standards and
                 their employment throughout the undergraduate computer
                 science curriculum. Specifically, it presents the
                 motivation for a set of well-defined documentation
                 standards for programming-intensive computer science
                 courses. Additionally, it discusses the establishment
                 of standards addressing both the procedure- and
                 object-oriented programming paradigms. Finally, it
                 relates the authors' experiences in using such
                 standards to teach many software engineering principles
                 along with required concepts in the undergraduate
                 computer science curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reynolds:1996:RCS,
  author =       "Charles Reynolds and Christopher Fox",
  title =        "Requirements for a computer science curriculum
                 emphasizing information technology: subject area
                 curriculum issues",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "247--251",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236549",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gilberg:1996:CSS,
  author =       "Richard F. Gilberg and Behrouz A. Forouzan",
  title =        "Comparison of student success in {Pascal} and
                 {C}-language curriculums",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "252--255",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236550",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ginat:1996:EAP,
  author =       "David Ginat",
  title =        "Efficiency of algorithms for programming beginners",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "256--260",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236551",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Introductory computer science courses often present
                 the concept of algorithm efficiency in a rather late
                 stage, through searching and sorting problems. We
                 believe that the concept of efficiency can be presented
                 much earlier. In this paper we present a novel approach
                 in which efficiency of algorithms is presented early,
                 gradually and intuitively. We link our approach to
                 cognitive consequences of programming instruction and
                 illustrate it with three problems. We implemented our
                 approach with 10th and 11th grade high-school students.
                 In the paper, we describe our experience with posing
                 the three problems to the students. Student solutions
                 varied considerably, reflecting different levels of
                 insight into the problems. The various solutions led to
                 fruitful class discussions, thus widening the students'
                 repertoire of templates, and enhancing student
                 realization as to the importance of analysis and
                 planning.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Webber:1996:PT,
  author =       "Adam Brooks Webber",
  title =        "The {Pascal} Trainer",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "261--265",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236552",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hutchens:1996:UIE,
  author =       "David H. Hutchens and Elizabeth E. Katz",
  title =        "Using iterative enhancement in undergraduate software
                 engineering courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "266--270",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236553",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Many software development courses include both
                 instruction in formal and informal techniques and
                 application of those techniques on a team project. In
                 teaching such a course, a dilemma arises in trying to
                 present material in sufficient detail before students
                 must apply the material in their projects. The students
                 are not comfortable with a technique before they must
                 use it. If the project is moved later in the course,
                 the students do not have enough time to tackle a
                 problem that is big enough to require many of the
                 software development techniques. There must be a better
                 approach to teaching the course without separating the
                 material into two courses or dividing the course over
                 two terms. This paper describes an iterative approach.
                 Let the students develop an initial pass at the project
                 using the techniques they know. Then, have them apply
                 the techniques learned in this class to later
                 iterations. They develop a reasonably large project and
                 apply the techniques appropriately. In addition, they
                 have an opportunity to modify and maintain their
                 documents as they complete the project. This paper
                 describes the approach, experiences using it, and what
                 modifications might be useful.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sobel:1996:EIF,
  author =       "Ann E. Kelley Sobel",
  title =        "Experience integrating a formal method into a software
                 engineering course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "271--274",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236554",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Veraart:1996:SSE,
  author =       "V. E. Veraart and S. L. Wright",
  title =        "Supporting software engineering education with a local
                 {Web} site",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "275--279",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236555",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nishida:1996:LSS,
  author =       "Tomohiro Nishida and Akinori Saitoh and Yoshihiro
                 Tsujino and Nobuki Tokura",
  title =        "Lecture supporting system by using e-mail and {WWW}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "280--284",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236556",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We have developed a system to support communication
                 between students and teachers on the computer network.
                 By using e-mail, they can exchange information, e.g.,
                 questions and reports whenever and wherever they can
                 access the Internet. And by using World Wide Web, the
                 teacher can provide impressive teaching material for
                 the student. Moreover the system provides ``easy
                 maintenance'' facilities. So the teachers who use it
                 don't have to master the details of the system. They
                 can use it easily by following various navigational
                 information instructions. And to use the system for
                 many years, it can reuse information and setups which
                 were made previously.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Paxton:1996:WUW,
  author =       "John T. Paxton",
  title =        "Webucation: using the {Web} as a classroom tool",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "285--289",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236557",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carlson:1996:WIL,
  author =       "David Carlson and Mark Guzdial and Colleen Kehoe and
                 Viren Shah and John Stasko",
  title =        "{WWW} interactive learning environments for computer
                 science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "290--294",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236558",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The wide accessibility of the World Wide Web makes it
                 a perfect base for developing computer science
                 courseware modules. Since learning involves more than
                 just receiving transmitted information, courseware must
                 be interactive and encourage student engagement, which
                 is a challenge on the Web architecture. This article
                 describes an ongoing effort to develop World Wide
                 Web-based computer science courseware modules that will
                 use interactive components as integral parts of the
                 material, in order to promote student involvement. It
                 also discusses the proposed usage of new technology
                 such as HotJava in this framework.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fekete:1996:DCL,
  author =       "Alan Fekete and Antony Greening",
  title =        "Designing closed laboratories for a computer science
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "295--299",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236559",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A recent trend has been to accompany Computer Science
                 courses by ``closed laboratories'' where students
                 carried out tasks with supervision and guidance. This
                 paper presents a methodology for designing a complete
                 sequence of laboratories to support the instruction in
                 a course. The design considers both the technical
                 concepts to be conveyed and the learning experiences
                 through which students learn. We demonstrate the way
                 the methodology has been used to design the lab
                 sequence for a Pascal-based CS1 course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Freund:1996:TAC,
  author =       "Stephen N. Freund and Eric S. Roberts",
  title =        "{Thetis}: an {ANSI C} programming environment designed
                 for introductory use",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "300--304",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236560",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Commercially available compilers, particularly those
                 used for languages like ANSI C that have extensive
                 commercial applicability, are not well-suited to
                 students in introductory computer science courses
                 because they assume a level of sophistication that
                 beginning students do not possess. To alleviate this
                 problem at Stanford, we have developed the Thetis
                 programming environment designed specifically for
                 student use. The system consists of a C interpreter and
                 associated user interface that provides students with
                 simple and easily understood editing, debugging, and
                 visualization capabilities. Reactions of students and
                 instructors indicate that Thetis fulfills the goals we
                 set out to accomplish and provides a significantly
                 better learning environment for students in CS1/CS2.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Naps:1996:TVE,
  author =       "Thomas L. Naps and Jeremy Stenglein",
  title =        "Tools for visual exploration of scope and parameter
                 passing in a programming languages course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "305--309",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236561",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bareiss:1996:SPC,
  author =       "Catherine C. Bareiss",
  title =        "A semester project for {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "310--314",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236562",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "While much work has been done on the lab component of
                 the CS1 course, programming assignments have not
                 received as much attention. Many CS1 courses have a
                 series of programming assignments that supplement the
                 lab component. However, the assignments are often
                 unrelated to each other. While the advantages of
                 semester project for upper division courses are well
                 known, little has been done on the use of a semester
                 project in the first programming course. However, it is
                 feasible for a first semester programmer to complete an
                 entire semester project if it is designed properly. The
                 development of a semester-long programming project done
                 in phases has many benefits to offer a CS1 course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barrett:1996:EDC,
  author =       "Martin L. Barrett",
  title =        "Emphasizing design in {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "315--318",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236563",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Feldman:1996:QED,
  author =       "Todd J. Feldman and Julie D. Zelenski",
  title =        "The quest for excellence in designing {CS1\slash CS2}
                 assignments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "319--323",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236564",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We identify the principles involved in designing
                 effective programming assignments for CS1/CS2. Through
                 a case study of a particularly successful recursion
                 assignment, we establish several prerequisites that
                 must be present in the foundation of a potential
                 assignment and discuss techniques for engineering
                 exceptional assignments through changes to their more
                 malleable components.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barnard:1996:CSU,
  author =       "Anthony C. L. Barnard and Barrett R. Bryant and Warren
                 T. Jones and Kevin D. Reilly",
  title =        "A computer science undergraduate specialization in
                 telecommunications and computer networking",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "324--328",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236565",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Grygiel:1996:PNA,
  author =       "Terry Grygiel and Aaron Myers and Greg Arnold and
                 William Breen",
  title =        "Protocols and network architecture: a first course in
                 data communications and computer networks",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "329--332",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236569",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McDonald:1996:ULD,
  author =       "Chris McDonald",
  title =        "User-level distributed file systems projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "333--337",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236570",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One of the greatest benefits provided by computer
                 networks, in particular local area networks, is the
                 ability to access files served by other computers in a
                 network. Whereas file system concepts are first
                 introduced in Operating Systems units, many file system
                 concepts need to be readdressed and generalized in
                 later Computer Networks units. Moreover, as students
                 become increasingly familiar with internetworking and
                 programs such as ftp, many of the strong links between
                 the Operating Systems and Computer Networks units may
                 be reinforced. This paper discusses the successes
                 experienced with two strongly related projects offered
                 in our third year Computer Networks unit. Each project
                 requires students to support a minimal distributed file
                 system by implementing user-level libraries which
                 redefine a handful of operating system system calls
                 supporting remote file access.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brilliant:1996:FPP,
  author =       "Susan S. Brilliant and Timothy R. Wiseman",
  title =        "The first programming paradigm and language dilemma",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "338--342",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236572",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In recent years there has been increasing controversy
                 surrounding the choice of a language for introducing
                 programming to computer science majors. The issue has
                 been complicated by the increasing acceptance of the
                 importance of non-procedural paradigms. This paper
                 compares the available vehicles for teaching
                 programming to beginners. These comparisons are based
                 on the results of a survey conducted by the authors in
                 early 1995 and on the published reports and opinions of
                 other workers in this area.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Leska:1996:MPC,
  author =       "Chuck Leska and John Barr and L. A. Smith King",
  title =        "Multiple paradigms in {CS I}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "343--347",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236574",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents an approach to introducing
                 multiple programming language paradigms in the CS I
                 course through the use of a single multiparadigm
                 language. The approach uses multiple paradigms in the
                 design and implementation of solutions to computer
                 projects. The paper illustrates the approach by
                 outlining a solution to a sample project which utilizes
                 the imperative, object-oriented, and the functional
                 paradigms.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kumar:1996:FDT,
  author =       "Amruth N. Kumar",
  title =        "Fork diagrams for teaching selection in {CS I}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "348--352",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236575",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We propose a fork diagram as a visual representation
                 of the algorithm for binary selection. Among other
                 things, fork diagrams can be used to teach students how
                 to write correctly nested if-else statements, analyze
                 nested selection code, appreciate the problem of
                 dangling else, and understand short circuit evaluation
                 of conditions with boolean operators (AND and OR). We
                 have used C code to illustrate concepts, although fork
                 diagrams can be used for any high level language.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Erickson:1996:ELE,
  author =       "Carl Erickson",
  title =        "The {EOS} laboratory environment for a course in
                 operating systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "353--357",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236576",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a laboratory environment for
                 teaching operating systems. The EOS (Exploratory
                 Operating Systems) lab was developed with a National
                 Science Foundation ILI grant to be used in conjunction
                 with a traditional operating systems (OS) course. The
                 main goal of the EOS project was to improve the
                 teaching of operating system principles without the
                 necessity of a special purpose laboratory and the
                 addition to the curriculum of a second course in OS.
                 The EOS labs are summarized and a CPU scheduling lab is
                 described in some detail. A standardized testing
                 instrument was used to compare class performance before
                 and after adding the lab to the OS course. Preliminary
                 results show an improvement attributable to the EOS
                 laboratory. The author's experience in building a
                 workstation laboratory from an externally funded grant
                 is described.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goldman:1996:TDC,
  author =       "David A. Goldman and Richard R. Eckert and Maxine S.
                 Cohen",
  title =        "Three-dimensional computation visualization for
                 computer graphics rendering algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "358--362",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236578",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computation visualization or algorithm animation is
                 becoming an increasingly popular and effective way of
                 teaching, debugging, and analyzing algorithms. Over the
                 past ten years, several algorithm animation systems
                 have been produced. Proposed here is a new approach and
                 framework for visualizing three-dimensional algorithms
                 or computations. Implemented on a prototype algorithm
                 animation system, this framework, termed the
                 vector-guided view, produces insightful visualizations
                 of three-dimensional computation by effectively solving
                 the problems of $3$D scene navigation. The creation of
                 this framework was motivated by the desire to produce
                 visualizations of an increasingly large and complex set
                 of rendering algorithms now ubiquitous in the field of
                 computer graphics. To show the potential of this
                 framework, a dynamic visualization of a recursive
                 ray-tracing program has been created. A brief summary
                 of the algorithm animation system is presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Smith:1996:IPE,
  author =       "Harry F. Smith and Patrick Plusnick and Mark Sarojak
                 and William Seitz",
  title =        "Image processing as an exemplar of parallelism applied
                 to graphics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "363--367",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236580",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In surveying the possible applications of parallel
                 computing, computer graphics is singularly attractive.
                 This is because many computer graphics algorithms are
                 so computationally intensive and yet also inherently
                 very parallel in nature. The primary objective of an
                 NSF grant to the University of North Carolina at
                 Wilmington was to establish parallel computing in the
                 undergraduate curriculum. A secondary objective was to
                 address the issue of parallelism for computer graphics;
                 however, curricular constraints made this difficult to
                 do. Our response to this difficulty was twofold. For
                 one, we focused on image processing as a more
                 accessible, but very significant, alternative to
                 ordinary computer graphics. Also, as a means of
                 enabling deeper student involvement, we were able to
                 supplement the original equipment grant (ILI) with one
                 for supporting student research (REU).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fitzgerald:1996:CSF,
  author =       "Sue Fitzgerald and Mary Lou Hines",
  title =        "The computer science fair: an alternative to the
                 computer programming contest",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "368--372",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236581",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Dissatisfaction with the results of programming
                 contest events has led to the development of a new type
                 of competitive event, a computer science fair. The
                 computer science fair, a combination art show/science
                 fair, is designed to attract a wider diversity of
                 participants, to encourage creativity, and to reinforce
                 good project development practices. Students are asked
                 to creatively use technology to express themselves, to
                 design new inventions, and to solve problems by
                 submitting projects in the following categories: (1)
                 computers and the arts and humanities --- computer
                 music, computer art, multimedia projects; (2) computer
                 programs --- entertainment, education, scientific,
                 business, modeling and simulation; and (3) computer or
                 electronically controlled inventions. This paper
                 outlines the rules for submissions and judging of
                 projects and the results of the First Annual Kansas
                 City Computer Science Fair. Results based on gender and
                 age category are reported.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rodger:1996:AAH,
  author =       "Susan H. Rodger and Ellen L. Walker",
  title =        "Activities to attract high school girls to computer
                 science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "373--377",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236583",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present several activities used in the two-week
                 PipeLINK summer program for high school girls. These
                 hands-on activities and interactive talks, presented
                 mostly by female faculty, undergraduates, and graduate
                 students, showed the girls the wide range of
                 opportunities in the field of computer science",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schollmeyer:1996:CPH,
  author =       "Martina Schollmeyer",
  title =        "Computer programming in high school vs. college",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "378--382",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/236462.236584",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Although there exists a computer science certification
                 exam for high school teachers in some states, there
                 appear to be no general requirements for teaching
                 computer science at the high school level in most
                 states. This may imply that CS material taught at the
                 high school level is not always well-suited for
                 students who want to pursue CS in college. This paper
                 discusses some observations on what skills and
                 abilities are important to prepare high school students
                 for a successful career in CS at the college level. It
                 also discusses preconceived ideas of college freshmen
                 on what computer programming is all about.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wittenberg:1996:ULPb,
  author =       "L. Wittenberg",
  title =        "Using Literate Programming Notation in Introductory
                 Programming Courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "437--437",
  month =        "????",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-757-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-757-5",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  bibdate =      "Fri Feb 27 15:28:18 1998",
  bibsource =    "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/litprog.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Grout:1996:EC,
  author =       "Jarrell C. Grout and Robert G. Strader and John B.
                 Hanks",
  title =        "Essential {C++}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "3--14",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/228296.228297",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "C++ is rapidly becoming one of the most important
                 programming languages in the world. Yet it is an
                 extremely complex language and, therefore, one that is
                 very difficult to learn. To provide a significant
                 degree of simplification and, thereby, to help
                 alleviate the difficulties of learning the language, a
                 relatively small C++ subset, Essential C++, has been
                 defined. It is proposed for use by the computer science
                 academic community as a suitable first programming
                 language for students as well as for use by other
                 individuals who desire eventually to become software
                 developers using the full C++ language. After
                 supporting the case for the need of a C++ subset and
                 discussing the reasons for developing one, this article
                 presents Essential C++, provides the rationale for
                 selecting its particular constituents from the full C++
                 language, and then examines the advantages and
                 disadvantages of using Essential C++.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lee:1996:HCS,
  author =       "John A. N. Lee",
  title =        "History in the computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "15--20",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/228296.228298",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "IFIP Working Group 9.7 (History of Computing) is
                 charged with not only encouraging the preservation of
                 computer artifacts, the recording of the memoirs of
                 pioneers, and the analysis of the downstream impact of
                 computer innovations, but also on the development of
                 educational modules on the history of computing. This
                 paper presents an initial report on the study of the
                 history of computing and informatics and preliminary
                 proposals for the inclusion of aspects of the history
                 of computing and informatics in the curriculum of
                 university and college students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Greening:1996:TLE,
  author =       "Tony Greening",
  title =        "Teaching and learning essential computer science
                 skills: the {UNIX} example",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "21--24",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/228296.228299",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The sources of difficulty in learning particular
                 concepts are not always identifiable by either the
                 educators or the students. While the theme of this
                 paper may initially be UNIX, this is used as a
                 mechanism for discussing the main thrust of the paper,
                 which is concerned with general issues relating to the
                 teaching and learning process. Difficulties may arise
                 which are inherent to the subject matter, a product of
                 the teaching/learning experience, or as the result of
                 existing misconceptions. Some of these factors are
                 discussed in terms of the UNIX example, and generically
                 in terms of a qualitative approach to teaching and
                 learning. It makes a case for the adoption of a
                 teaching perspective that addresses the student
                 perception of their own learning.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ross:1996:LTC,
  author =       "John Minor Ross",
  title =        "Learning to teach {C++}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "25--30",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/228296.228300",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Object-oriented programming, which came on the scene
                 with Simula-67, is continuing to grow in popularity.
                 C++, the object-oriented expansion of C, is one of the
                 most used languages associated with object-oriented
                 programming. Much of what is written about C++,
                 however, is directed towards those already immersed in
                 the object-oriented paradigm. Such writings often are
                 not useful to C language instructors just beginning to
                 work with C++ since there is a considerable learning
                 curve for novices and experts alike. Readers who are
                 C-literate are (1) presented with reasons to move to
                 C++, (2) warned of potential hazards on the
                 object-oriented path, and (3) provided with heuristics
                 to make the transition from C to C++ easier.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Resler:1996:PDT,
  author =       "Dan Resler",
  title =        "The {Prisoner's Dilemma Tournament} revisited",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "31--36",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/228296.228301",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One much-studied method for investigating trust
                 building and cooperation is the iterative Prisoner's
                 Dilemma Tournament (iPDT). An iPDT is easily simulated
                 on a computer and is an excellent project in the
                 CS1/CS2 curriculum to introduce students to the
                 concepts of modular programming and information hiding.
                 It is highly motivating, it encourages creative
                 solutions, it allows students with varying abilities to
                 do equally well, and there is no one 'ideal' solution.
                 A software system that allows for the automatic
                 generating of tournaments is presented in this paper,
                 as well as information on downloading the software from
                 the author.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Baram:1996:UCC,
  author =       "Giora Baram and Munir Mandviwalla",
  title =        "Use of computer conferencing in teaching systems
                 analysis and design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "37--39",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/228296.228302",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article describes how the Department of Computer
                 and Information Sciences (CIS) at Temple University
                 uses a computer based ``bulletin board'' system to
                 improve our Systems Analysis and Design Courses. We
                 found that the use of the bulletin board improves the
                 communication skills of students and increases the
                 productivity of both instructor and student. While the
                 article is descriptive rather than empirical, we
                 believe it offers useful insights for other instructors
                 who share our concerns and are interested in the use of
                 computer based communication technology to improve
                 teaching.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dawson-Howe:1996:ASA,
  author =       "Kenneth M. Dawson-Howe",
  title =        "Automatic submission and administration of programming
                 assignments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "40--42",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/228296.228303",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper details a system to assist with the
                 evaluation and administration of student assignments.
                 In order to help with the evaluation of program
                 execution, the system automatically compiles and
                 executes the program while logging a copy of the
                 session. This log, together with the code and
                 documentation is then bundled into an e-mail which is
                 sent to the course controller. The course controller
                 automatically processes the e-mail, verifying it's
                 authenticity, and sends an acknowledgement back to the
                 student. The controller also automatically logs the
                 submission in a database which is used to monitor
                 student performance throughout the year. Additional
                 facilities are provided to allow grades for the
                 assignments to be entered into the database, to allow
                 students to be excused from assignments if appropriate
                 and to allow summary reports to be generated.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Poole:1996:ISG,
  author =       "Bernard John Poole and Timothy S. Meyer",
  title =        "Implementing a set of guidelines for {CS} majors in
                 the production of program code",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "43--48",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/228296.228304",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cook:1996:CSF,
  author =       "Curtis R. Cook",
  title =        "A computer science freshman orientation course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "49--55",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/228296.228305",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes an orientation course for
                 beginning computer science majors. The course is
                 different from the CS 1 or computer literacy courses,
                 but similar in intent and content to orientation
                 courses in engineering, business, and other fields. Its
                 purpose is to give students an overview of computer
                 science and an idea of what computer professionals do
                 so that students can make an informed career decision.
                 Other emphases for the course are practice in problem
                 solving, experience working in groups, teaching basic
                 technical (non-programming) skills, social and ethical
                 issues, and making students aware of the resources and
                 opportunities available to them such as internship
                 programs. Influences and constraints on the design of
                 the course and suggested changes the next time the
                 course is taught are also described.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bell:1996:TVR,
  author =       "D. H. Bell",
  title =        "Teaching virtual reality",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "56--61",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/228296.228306",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper reports on the design and implementation of
                 a two-semester course on Virtual Reality (VR). The
                 course is aimed at final year undergraduates on
                 programmes leading to specialist degrees such as
                 Information Technology, Software Engineering, Computer
                 Studies, Business Information Systems. Entitled ``VR
                 --- implementation and applications'', the course
                 embraces novel devices, interfacing, software toolkits,
                 graphics algorithms, system evaluation, technology
                 prediction, Human Computer Interaction (HCI), social,
                 psychological and philosophical aspects. The course
                 focuses on the evaluation of current and expected
                 technology and on the assessment of current and future
                 applications in its complete variety. It thereby
                 encompasses transferable skills in the mainstream areas
                 of technology evaluation, system evaluation. This paper
                 reviews the aims of the course, the curriculum content,
                 a novel learning approach, assessment and an evaluation
                 of the course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Blum:1996:ICW,
  author =       "Howard Blum",
  title =        "{Internet} connection for {Web} access: an example for
                 performance modeling and simulation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "62--64",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/228296.228307",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a simplified model of a
                 bottleneck in user access to the World-Wide Web. It has
                 been used to illustrate performance modeling, queueing
                 analysis and simulation in courses on simulation and
                 computer networking.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dawson-Howe:1996:OFY,
  author =       "Kenneth M. Dawson-Howe",
  title =        "Organization of final year projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "2--4",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234868",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper details a method for the organization of
                 final year computer science projects which has been
                 found to be extremely beneficial both from the point of
                 view of the students and the supervisor. These projects
                 count for 20\% of the final degree result in this
                 Department, and are a crucial part of the development
                 of the student. The model proposed for the organization
                 of the projects is one in which the students initially
                 work in a group, co-operatively developing a basic
                 platform on which they can then individually develop
                 their projects. This organization allows the
                 supervision to be achieved through regular group
                 meetings, and provides the students with good
                 experience (and all the benefits) of working in a
                 group, while at the same time fulfilling the objective
                 of getting the student to work on a complex task
                 independently. An example of this project organization
                 in practice, in the field of computer vision, is also
                 detailed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bradley:1996:AMP,
  author =       "Michael J. Bradley",
  title =        "Analyzing multi-phase searching algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "5--8",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234869",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents a family of multi-phase searching
                 algorithms that can enrich the discussion of searching
                 algorithms in courses like CS13 Algorithms or CS7 Data
                 Structures and Algorithm Analysis. These algorithms
                 exhibit a natural but subtle relationship between the
                 sequential search and binary search algorithms. They
                 are non-trivial algorithms, yet they are easy to
                 understand. Their complexity analysis is accessible,
                 making use of differential calculus, Lagrange
                 multipliers and base-2 logarithms. They have many
                 practical applications and they appeal to students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Campbell:1996:ICC,
  author =       "Robert A. Campbell",
  title =        "Introducing computer concepts by simulating a simple
                 computer",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "9--11",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234870",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The simulated computer consists of (1) main memory,
                 (2) a register known as the accumulator, (3) a central
                 processing unit (CPU), and (4) an instruction counter.
                 This computer recognizes 8 op codes (Halt, Load, Store,
                 Add, Subtract, Read, Write, and Branch On Zero). The
                 computer is simulated by creating a program in Pascal
                 or C++. This program simulates the execution of
                 programs written by students, such as adding two
                 numbers and printing their sum. Student programs are
                 written in machine language and executed by the
                 simulated computer. Students can write programs in
                 assembly language, compile them by hand, and then test
                 them by running them on the simulated computer. This
                 example has been helpful in teaching students what a
                 computer is and what computers can do.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Evans:1996:NEP,
  author =       "M. D. Evans",
  title =        "A new emphasis {\&} pedagogy for a {CS1} course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "12--16",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234871",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A CS1 course introduces students to fundamental
                 aspects of computing science. Invariably, these aspects
                 are ones of content (subject matter). There is an
                 alternative, and arguably more beneficial, role for a
                 CS1 course --- it could introduce the fundamental
                 processes and concepts which pervade all computing
                 science content domains, and which have but different
                 instantiations in the different domains. This article
                 considers the identification of these aspects, and
                 suggests a pedagogy suitable for their emphasis. This
                 pedagogy is applied to a traditional CS1
                 programming-content domain, resulting in a proposal for
                 a new CS1 curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Winslow:1996:PPP,
  author =       "Leon E. Winslow",
  title =        "Programming pedagogy --- a psychological overview",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "17--22",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234872",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Can we turn novices into experts in a four year
                 undergraduate program? If so, how? If not, what is the
                 best we can do? While every teacher has his/her own
                 opinion on these questions, psychological studies over
                 the last twenty years have started to furnish
                 scientific answers. Unfortunately, little of these
                 results have been incorporated into curricula or
                 textbooks. This report is a brief overview of some of
                 the more important results concerning computer
                 programming and how they can affect course design.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fienup:1996:RCC,
  author =       "Mark Fienup",
  title =        "Rethinking the {CS}-2 course with an object-oriented
                 focus",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "23--25",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234873",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Clearly, switching to the object-oriented paradigm as
                 the first paradigm students learn must be accompanied
                 by curricular changes. After three semesters of
                 experience, this paper addresses the pedagogical
                 problems encountered in switching to the
                 object-oriented programming paradigm in the CS-2 course
                 and our solutions to these problems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Zaidman:1996:CDA,
  author =       "Marsha Zaidman",
  title =        "{C++} dynamic arrays vs. linked lists",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "26--28",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234874",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Dynamically allocated linked lists are generally
                 portrayed as a more flexible structure than arrays.
                 However, dynamically allocated arrays, as available in
                 C++, can be just as flexible and easier to use. This
                 paper compares the use of dynamically allocated linked
                 lists to dynamically allocated arrays as available in
                 C++.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mitzenmacher:1996:DSP,
  author =       "Michael Mitzenmacher",
  title =        "Designing stimulating programming assignments for an
                 algorithms course: a collection of exercises based on
                 random graphs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "29--36",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234875",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The field of random graphs contains many surprising
                 and interesting results. Here we demonstrate how some
                 of these results can be used to develop stimulating,
                 open-ended exercises for courses in algorithms and data
                 structures or graph theory. Specifically, we provide
                 problems for algorithms that compute minimum spanning
                 trees, connected components, maximum flows, and
                 all-pairs shortest paths.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Paprzycki:1996:SFU,
  author =       "Marcin Paprzycki and Janusz Zalewski",
  title =        "Shaping the focus of the undergraduate curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "37--44",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234876",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper outlines an approach to reshape the
                 existing undergraduate CS curriculum. Based on software
                 engineering and parallel computing concepts, the
                 details of the new curriculum are presented in terms of
                 educational objectives, core courses, innovations in
                 the teaching method, and early experiences.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hosch:1996:JFL,
  author =       "Frederick Hosch",
  title =        "{Java} as a First Language: an Evaluation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "45--50",
  day =          "1",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234877",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/java.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib;
                 UnCover library database",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Compiler/FORTRAN/fortran3.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Compiler/java.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Compiler/JAVA/java.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/Pape.bib",
  abstract =     "In this note, we outline some issues raised in
                 considering the use of the programming language
                 Java$^{TM}$ to support a first course in software
                 development. The course --- essentially CS 1 --- is
                 centered on the design and implementation of simple
                 objects, and employs an iterative
                 specify/design/implement/test strategy to introduce
                 data design and traditional procedural concepts. We
                 enumerate some aspects of the Java language that
                 attracted our interest, and identify some areas of the
                 language design that could be modified to better meet
                 our needs in an introductory computer science course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  classcodes =   "C0220 (Computing education and training); C6110J
                 (Object-oriented programming); C6140D (High level
                 languages)",
  corpsource =   "Dept. of Comput. Sci., New Orleans Univ., LA, USA",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "computer science education; course; CS 1 course; data
                 design; educational courses; engineering; first
                 language; first software development; implementation;
                 introductory computer science course; iterative
                 specify/design/implement/test; Java programming
                 language; language design; object-; object-oriented
                 programming; oriented languages; procedural concepts;
                 simple object; simple object design; software;
                 strategy",
  treatment =    "P Practical",
}

@Article{Hosch:1996:JST,
  author =       "F. Hosch",
  title =        "{Java} as a first language: an evaluation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "45--50",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  bibdate =      "Sat Mar 15 08:49:09 MST 1997",
  bibsource =    "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/java.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  classcodes =   "C0220 (Computing education and training); C6110J
                 (Object-oriented programming); C6140D (High level
                 languages)",
  corpsource =   "Dept. of Comput. Sci., New Orleans Univ., LA, USA",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "computer science education; course; CS 1 course; data
                 design; educational courses; engineering; first
                 language; first software development; implementation;
                 introductory computer science course; iterative
                 specify/design/implement/test; Java programming
                 language; language design; object-; object-oriented
                 programming; oriented languages; procedural concepts;
                 simple object; simple object design; software;
                 strategy",
  treatment =    "P Practical",
}

@Article{Ben-Ari:1996:SEL,
  author =       "Mordechai Ben-Ari",
  title =        "Structure exits, not loops",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "51",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234878",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Until recently, Pascal was the first programming
                 language taught to students. As more schools choose Ada
                 or C++ as a first language, the debate on structured
                 programming has been reopened ([Rob95]). We are no
                 longer restricted to the while-statement:
                 exit/break-statements can be used to exit a loop from
                 the middle, and return from a procedure or function is
                 allowed within a loop statement. Do these constructs
                 violate the principle of structure programming? This
                 article claims that more general loop constructs can be
                 objectively justified, because they simplify the
                 verification of programs. A program that is simple to
                 verify is also easy to explain and understand.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Greening:1996:CLU,
  author =       "Tony Greening",
  title =        "Command-line usage in a programming exam",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "55--59",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234879",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Introductory computer science education has a strong
                 emphasis on the teaching and learning of programming
                 skills. In establishing that a desired level of
                 proficiency in the use of these skills has been
                 attained, many courses implement a practical exam where
                 students must complete a program and get it to run
                 correctly under supervision and unaided. This exam may,
                 as in our case, be presented as a ``barrier'' exam
                 which must be passed in order to proceed to
                 intermediate computer science enrolment. The importance
                 of such an event is not always matched by our
                 understanding (as educators) of student behaviour under
                 such conditions. The binary (pass/fail) nature of the
                 exam tends to be reflected in student perceptions of
                 the exam, often polarised as being ``quite easy'' by
                 those who pass or ``too difficult'' by those who fail.
                 This paper describes an exploration into command-line
                 behaviour during the exam, in an attempt to gain some
                 insight into student behavioural reaction to it. In so
                 doing, the issue is raised as to whether or not certain
                 actions are more likely to serve as indicators of a
                 successful candidate, and what meaning this has for
                 teachers and students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Coon:1996:SLE,
  author =       "Lawrence A. Coon",
  title =        "A sequence of lab exercises for an introductory
                 compiler construction course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "60--64",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/234867.234880",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A sequence of laboratory exercises for an introductory
                 compiler construction course is described. The labs are
                 based on four increasingly complex versions of an
                 imperative language designed so that each version
                 builds on the previous. The third version supports
                 integer and character data types and arrays of integers
                 and characters. The fourth version adds procedures, but
                 has only integer data. The procedures do not nest, but
                 direct recursion is supported.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Aiken:1996:LLT,
  author =       "R. Aiken and G. Ingargiola and J. Wilson and D. Kumar
                 and R. Thomas",
  title =        "Lessons learned: tips from conducting an {NSF} faculty
                 enhancement workshop",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "3--7",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242651",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The authors have conducted for each of the past three
                 Summers a workshop for faculty who have taught or are
                 scheduled to teach an upper level undergraduate course
                 in Artificial Intelligence. This paper describes
                 problems the organizers have encountered and ways in
                 which they have attempted to address them. The hope is
                 that others designing and implementing similar
                 workshops can benefit from these ``lessons learned''.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Boufaida:1996:WCD,
  author =       "Mahmoud Boufaida",
  title =        "What courseware dedicated to computer science?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "8--14",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242652",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer science is a field where the concept
                 acquisition depends both on knowledge and know-how.
                 Some aspects such as the situated learning, the use of
                 viewpoints and the negotiated tutoring play an
                 important part in the programming learning. All these
                 notions require specific tools intended for a teacher
                 who designs a computer science courseware. So, this
                 paper presents an authoring system which is
                 particularly specialized in the student interface
                 generation and the tutoring strategy execution.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reek:1996:ECP,
  author =       "Margaret M. Reek and Kenneth A. Reek",
  title =        "An electronic class photo album",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "15--18",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242653",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes our experience developing and
                 using an electronic class photo album for our
                 introductory CS courses at Rochester Institute of
                 Technology. Each course's album is arranged by lab and
                 lecture sections, and includes a picture of each
                 student and a short personal biography. Mosaic or
                 Netscape are used to access and display the album.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Krone:1996:USCb,
  author =       "Joan Krone",
  title =        "Using symbolic computation for teaching data
                 structures and algorithm analysis",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "19--24",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242655",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Scafide:1996:FCC,
  author =       "Jean Scafide",
  title =        "A first course in {C++} and object oriented
                 programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "25--32",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242656",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Almost 70\% of industrial job openings list knowledge
                 of C/C$^{++}$ as a desirable qualification of potential
                 job applicants. This large and increasing demand for
                 programmers with C/C$^{++}$ experience is leading many
                 colleges and universities to switch to C/C$^{++}$ as
                 their primary teaching language. This paper presents a
                 detailed outline for an introductory class in C$^{++}$
                 offered to community college students who have
                 completed a single semester of Pascal. The class was
                 first taught in the fall semester of 1994. The paper
                 pinpoints problem areas encountered and discusses
                 refinements made in class content during succeeding
                 semesters.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fife:1996:GAU,
  author =       "Leslie D. Fife and Gopal Racherla and Steven E.
                 Killian",
  title =        "Graduate assistant usage in {Oklahoma} graduate
                 computer science programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "33--35",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242658",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper is the result of a survey sent to the
                 graduate teaching and research assistants at three
                 computer science departments in the State of Oklahoma.
                 The survey was designed to determine how the students
                 were utilized by their departments, what the students
                 felt about their experiences as a teaching or research
                 assistant, and how their positions have impacted their
                 educational experience. This paper presents and
                 discusses the results of the survey.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Adams:1996:KYR,
  author =       "Joel C. Adams",
  title =        "Knowing your roots: object-oriented binary search
                 trees revisited",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "36--40",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242659",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "By applying object-oriented design to the definition
                 of a binary search tree, Berman and Duvall [1] designed
                 a data structure comprised of three classes: (i) an
                 Emptybst class to model empty binary search trees, (ii)
                 a NonEmptybst class to model non-empty binary search
                 trees, and (iii) a bst base class for common attributes
                 of Emptybst and NonEmptybst objects. That paper noted
                 the problem of inserting new values into such a
                 structure: since insertions occur at an Emptybst
                 object, an Emptybst would have to ``turn into'' a
                 NonEmptybst; a behavior beyond the capabilities of the
                 classes in most languages. This paper presents three
                 C++ solutions to the insertion problem in their order
                 of development. The first solution uses a procedural
                 programming technique, with the second and third
                 solutions shifting to a more object-oriented approach.
                 This chronology illustrates the author's ongoing battle
                 to shift from procedural to object-oriented thinking.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Makinen:1996:PPC,
  author =       "Erkki M{\"a}kinen",
  title =        "Programming projects on chess",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "41--44",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242661",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lemone:1996:ECE,
  author =       "Karen A. Lemone and Walter Ching",
  title =        "Easing into {C++}: experiences with {RoBOTL}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "45--49",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242663",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "RoBOTL is an on-going language experiment that
                 attempts to blend Karel the Robot, as developed by
                 Richard E. Pattis, [Pattis, 1982] with the
                 object-oriented paradigm and the C/C++ language syntax.
                 We developed it to ease the introduction of C++ as a
                 first programming language. Its initial debut in the
                 summer Frontiers in Science program at WPI was more
                 successful than we anticipated with the weaker students
                 all learning to program, and the stronger students
                 showing interest in learning the object-oriented
                 paradigm inherent in the language. All the students
                 were able to make the transition to C++.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pierce:1996:CES,
  author =       "Margaret Anne Pierce and John W. Henry",
  title =        "Computer ethics and social issues case analysis: an
                 environmental algorithm",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "50--54",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242665",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kay:1996:BCH,
  author =       "David G. Kay",
  title =        "Bandwagons considered harmful, or the past as prologue
                 in curriculum change",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "55--58",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242666",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The field of computer science changes rapidly, and
                 this change occurs as well in the introductory
                 curriculum. Formerly advanced topics filter down to the
                 first year, and even to secondary school; some topics
                 disappear completely. These changes are good---they
                 indicate a dynamic discipline and a still-emerging
                 picture of the field's fundamental principles. But we
                 must not let our revolutionary zeal blind us to the
                 pedagogical need and conceptual value of time-tested
                 material. Many topics and approaches that are well
                 understood and now unfashionable should retain their
                 place in the introductory curriculum, where they serve
                 as intellectual ballast, foundation, and motivation for
                 the more current and trendier content. We argue here
                 for balance: that radical change be tempered by an
                 appreciation for the place of long-standing approaches
                 and underlying fundamentals. Those advocating
                 curricular change must articulate their educational
                 goals fully and consider explicitly what effect on
                 those goals they expect the change to have; they must
                 not throw the baby out with the bathwater.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Song:1996:TSE,
  author =       "Ki-Sang Song",
  title =        "Teaching software engineering through real-life
                 projects to bridge school and industry",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "28",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "59--64",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/242649.242667",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "To educate graduates to succeed in industries which
                 demand high quality software engineers is not easy due
                 to rapidly changing organization styles and working
                 environments. The major limitation of university
                 education may be the lack of opportunity to expose
                 students to real field problems. In this article, we
                 present our experience of exposing graduate students to
                 a real-time plant monitoring and control software
                 development project and show how the software
                 engineering process has been customized to educate them
                 and satisfy the user requirements at the same time.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Werth:1997:GSC,
  author =       "Laurie H. Werth",
  title =        "Getting started with computer ethics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1--5",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268086",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer professionals face dilemmas which demand both
                 technical knowledge and an understanding of ethical
                 principles and skills, but how to best teach these
                 principles and necessary skills to students? ACM's
                 Curriculum '91 and the problems inherent in the growth
                 of information technology call for educators to
                 integrate computer ethics material into the computer
                 science curriculum. Unfortunately, most faculty have
                 neither background information nor experience teaching
                 ethics and professionalism topics. This paper discusses
                 basic instructional issues and provides elementary
                 approaches for inexperienced faculty. Several simple
                 techniques to identify and analyze ethical issues are
                 presented. Next we look at two intermediate techniques
                 suitable for computer science students which have been
                 particularly successful in my classes. Finally, Project
                 ImpactCS' model for teaching computer ethics, a
                 valuable framework for the study of ethics and social
                 principles and skills is summarized. This model
                 leverages ethics experts experience to jump-start
                 computer science faculty.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schulze:1997:TES,
  author =       "Kay G. Schulze and Frances S. Grodzinsky",
  title =        "Teaching ethical and social issues in {CS1} and
                 {CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6--9",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268087",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The discussion of whether ethical and social issues of
                 computing should be explored in undergraduate computer
                 science education has resulted in most academic
                 institutions and educators agreeing that they are
                 important topics that must be included. Further support
                 has been provided by Curricula '91 [16], the CSAC/CSAB
                 accreditation [2] and ImpactCS [12]. Many books [7, 8,
                 9, 10] and papers [6, 14] have discussed what topics
                 should be covered and what techniques can be used
                 either in a dedicated course or in modules across the
                 curriculum. However, explicit detailed examples that
                 have worked successfully, particularly in lower level
                 computer science courses, are still rare. This paper
                 will discuss several examples that have been
                 successfully used in CS1 and CS2 at a medium-sized
                 university.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Turk:1997:TSE,
  author =       "Jane Turk and Samuel J. Wiley",
  title =        "Teaching social and ethical issues in the literacy
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "10--14",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268088",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A growing number of colleges and universities educate
                 their computer science majors in social and ethical
                 issues relating to computers. This article presents the
                 case for incorporating consciousness of social and
                 ethical issues of computing into the computer literacy
                 course. The article examines our ethical obligations as
                 professional educators in this area. It notes the focus
                 provided by Computing Curriculum 91 and CSAB on social
                 and ethical issues for majors. It suggests social and
                 ethical issues related to topics in computer competency
                 and describes specific strategies used to incorporate
                 social and ethical issues in a computer literacy course
                 at one university.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rodger:1997:CTM,
  author =       "Susan H. Rodger and Anna O. Bilska and Kenneth H.
                 Leider and Magdalena Procopiuc and Octavian Procopiuc
                 and Jason R. Salemme and Edwin Tsang",
  title =        "A collection of tools for making automata theory and
                 formal languages come alive",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "15--19",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268089",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present a collection of new and enhanced tools for
                 experimenting with concepts in formal languages and
                 automata theory. New tools, written in Java, include
                 JFLAP for creating and simulating finite automata,
                 pushdown automata and Turing machines; {Paat}{\'e} for
                 parsing restricted and unrestricted grammars and
                 transforming context-free grammars to Chomsky Normal
                 Form; and PumpLemma for proving specific languages are
                 not regular. Enhancements to previous tools LLparse and
                 LRparse, instructional tools for parsing LL(1) and
                 LR(1) grammars, include parsing LL(2) grammars,
                 displaying parse trees, and parsing any context-free
                 grammar with conflict resolution.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hendrix:1997:VDE,
  author =       "T. Dean Hendrix and Larry A. Barowski and James H.
                 {Cross II}",
  title =        "A visual development environment for multi-lingual
                 curricula",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "20--24",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268090",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Although a computer science curriculum may use a
                 single language as its ``core'' language, many
                 curricula require students to learn and use multiple
                 languages for course or practicum work. Students
                 benefit from the exposure to other languages and other
                 language models. However, a problem arising from the
                 multi-lingual nature of a curriculum is the necessity
                 to learn and use different development environments and
                 language front-ends. GRASP (Graphical Representations
                 of Algorithms, Structures, and Processes) is a software
                 engineering tool currently being successfully utilized
                 as a common development environment for the
                 multi-lingual computer science curriculum at Auburn
                 University. Besides providing a common front-end for
                 different languages, GRASP also provides automated
                 visualization of source code in the form of the control
                 structure diagram and the complexity profile graph.
                 This paper describes GRASP and its current use in the
                 computer science curriculum. GRASP is freely available
                 via the Internet at the following URL:
                 http://www.eng.auburn.edu/grasp",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Stasko:1997:USB,
  author =       "John T. Stasko",
  title =        "Using student-built algorithm animations as learning
                 aids",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "25--29",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268091",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The typical application of algorithm animation to
                 assist instruction involves students viewing already
                 prepared animations. An alternative strategy is to have
                 the students themselves construct animations of
                 algorithms. The Samba algorithm animation tool fosters
                 such student-built animations. Samba was used in an
                 undergraduate algorithms course in which students
                 constructed algorithm animations as regular class
                 assignments. This article describes Samba and documents
                 our experiences using it in the algorithms course.
                 Student reaction to the animation assignments was very
                 positive, and the students appeared to learn the
                 pertinent algorithms extremely well.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fell:1997:EMP,
  author =       "Harriet J. Fell and Viera K. Proulx",
  title =        "Exploring {Martian} planetary images: {C++} exercises
                 for {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "30--34",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268093",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present a series of programming exercises based on
                 photographic images of Mars collected by the NASA
                 Viking Orbiter. Even without the news that there may
                 once have been life on Mars [1], we feel that these
                 exercises provide an exciting platform for exploring
                 machine representation of data, presentation of data,
                 and methods of storing and extracting data from files.
                 All exercises are on the level easily mastered in the
                 first programming course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rasala:1997:FOF,
  author =       "Richard Rasala",
  title =        "Function objects, function templates, and passage by
                 behavior in {C++}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "35--38",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268095",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Passing functions and function objects to general
                 purpose routines is a powerful abstraction mechanism
                 that should be taught in freshman computer science. In
                 C++, a ``function'' can be defined directly by the user
                 or by a library or can be defined indirectly via
                 operator() as a member function of a class. It is not
                 obvious how to treat these ``functions'' in a uniform
                 manner. We will show how function templates in C++
                 provide an elegant and teachable mechanism for passing
                 entities with functional behavior as arguments to other
                 functions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pattis:1997:TOC,
  author =       "Richard E. Pattis",
  title =        "Teaching {OOP} in {C++} using an artificial life
                 framework",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "39--43",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268097",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper explores the framework method for teaching
                 object-oriented programming. Specifically, it describes
                 a hierarchy of C++ classes that implement the framework
                 for an Artificial Life simulator. Students learn how to
                 read these classes and extend them via inheritance:
                 they design and implement subclasses that encapsulate
                 the behavior and state of environments and the entities
                 that inhabit them. The simulator constructs an
                 artificial world from objects of these subclasses;
                 then, it animates these objects as they interact during
                 the simulation. This paper includes one sample project
                 and both subclasses that implement its solution.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wagner:1997:PAR,
  author =       "Thomas D. Wagner and Eugene K. Ressler",
  title =        "A practical approach to reinforcing concepts in
                 introductory operating systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "44--47",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268099",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The challenge of including both theory and practical
                 experience to reinforce the concepts of theory in
                 Introductory Operating Systems is discussed. The
                 traditional approaches to answering this challenge are
                 presented. A practical approach that uses
                 straightforward programming problems rather than
                 problems that involve modification of an existing
                 operating system is described. Examples of the types of
                 problems used are presented and experience with the
                 proposed approach is described.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goldberg:1997:CFR,
  author =       "Murray W. Goldberg",
  title =        "{CALOS}: first results from an experiment in
                 computer-aided learning for operating systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "48--52",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268101",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the outcome of an experiment in
                 Computer-Aided Learning (CAL) for Operating Systems
                 using the World-Wide Web (WWW). The purpose of the
                 experiment is to evaluate WWW-based course delivery
                 both in terms of academic performance and in terms of
                 student acceptance. A complete WWW-based offering of an
                 existing third-year university course in Computer
                 Science was produced. Students enrolled in the course
                 were divided into three groups: (1) those taking the
                 course using only the WWW-based resource (no lectures),
                 (2) those taking the course by attending lectures (no
                 access to the WWW-based resource), and (3) those with
                 access to both lectures and the WWW-based resource.
                 Academic results were evaluated and qualitative student
                 impressions were solicited. In general the WWW-only
                 method of course delivery was an equal success compared
                 to the lecture-only delivery, both in terms of academic
                 results and in terms of student acceptance. On average,
                 students in the combined lecture and WWW-based delivery
                 performed better academically than students in the
                 other groups.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Holliday:1997:SCI,
  author =       "Mark A. Holliday",
  title =        "System calls and interrupt vectors in an operating
                 systems course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "53--57",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268104",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The introductory operating systems course has a
                 tendency to appear to the student as a disparate
                 collection of topics such as synchronization
                 primitives, process scheduling algorithms, and page
                 replacement policies. We describe a sequence of
                 material to cover early in the operating systems course
                 that prevents this tendency by clarifying the goal of
                 the course and by providing a framework for
                 understanding how the later course material is used in
                 kernel design. The material centers around two
                 concepts. First is the importance of the abstraction
                 provided by the system call interface, that the kernel
                 is the implementation of that interface, and the
                 analogy with the instruction set interface the student
                 has already encountered. Second is how the interrupt
                 vector mechanism in a broad sense is central to how the
                 kernel functions and underpins the actual
                 implementation of many of the other topics in the
                 course. Illustration through code from a real operating
                 system kernel is a key feature of how this sequence
                 makes clear the workings of an operating system.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Parrish:1997:ACU,
  author =       "Allen Parrish and David Cordes and Cynthia Lester and
                 Deanne Moore",
  title =        "Assessing computer usage patterns in a software
                 development course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "58--62",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268107",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper reports the results of an exploratory study
                 that measures computer usage patterns in a second-year,
                 programming-intensive computer science course. In the
                 study, we augmented the compilation process to
                 unobtrusively mail a copy of the compiler listing to a
                 central location. We then analyzed these data relative
                 to the number of compiles and their time distribution
                 in order to characterize computer usage patterns among
                 the students. Our results show little correlation
                 between any particular usage pattern and the quality of
                 the final product.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Greening:1997:ESL,
  author =       "Tony Greening",
  title =        "Examining student learning of computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "63--66",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268111",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Student examination performance in a third-year
                 module, ``Communications, Networks and Distributed
                 Systems'' (CNDS), is analyzed in terms of different
                 responses to questions which required qualitative
                 versus quantitative answers. This is matched to the
                 results of a student survey conducted in the first
                 lecture, in which students were asked about what they
                 would hope to gain from the module. The observations
                 indicate that there are significant differences in the
                 manner in which students learn computer science, and
                 that this may correlate with expectations about desired
                 learning outcomes. This impacts upon aspects of course
                 design and delivery, as well as approaches to
                 assessment (and examination design in particular). It
                 also suggests that examinations may be regarded as
                 offering new avenues of feedback on student learning in
                 addition to fulfilling traditional assessment related
                 roles.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Taylor:1997:ESA,
  author =       "Harriet Taylor",
  title =        "The evolution of standards for accrediting computer
                 science teacher preparation programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "67--71",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268112",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In 1992, the National Council for the Accreditation of
                 Teacher Education (NCATE) adopted guidelines for
                 computer science education teacher preparation
                 programs. The endorsement signaled the emergence of
                 computer science education as a distinct discipline and
                 computer science as a formal secondary subject area.
                 The guidelines were developed through an intense
                 program of research and review by the International
                 Society for Technology and Education (ISTE). Since the
                 passage of the standards, numerous computer science and
                 education professionals have been involved in the
                 process of preparing program folios for review and
                 developing the actual review process. This real
                 experience with the standards helped to identify issues
                 and problems that are common to most programs and that
                 need examination in the current five year review. In
                 this paper, an overview of the guidelines is presented,
                 the review process is described, issues and problems
                 are discussed, and future initiatives are identified.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rasala:1997:MCT,
  author =       "Richard Rasala",
  title =        "A model {C++} tree iterator class for binary search
                 trees",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "72--76",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268114",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In object-oriented design, the concept of a container
                 class that holds a collection of similar objects is
                 fundamental. To use a container class most effectively,
                 it is helpful to define one or more associated iterator
                 classes that can return the objects in the container
                 class in a specified order. An iterator is a bridge
                 that permits the caller to use the objects in a
                 container without knowledge of the details of how the
                 objects are stored in the container. Although the
                 concept of iterator is discussed in a number of books
                 on C++ and/or object-oriented design, it is difficult
                 to find a complete example that is both elegant and
                 sophisticated. In this article, we provide such an
                 example by developing an iterator class for binary
                 search trees that is capable of doing all standard
                 traversals: inorder, preorder, and postorder.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rosenberg:1997:TOO,
  author =       "John Rosenberg and Michael K{\"o}lling",
  title =        "Testing object-oriented programs: making it simple",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "77--81",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268115",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One of the major difficulties facing anyone trying to
                 teach the first programming course is how to encourage
                 students to thoroughly test their programs. We would
                 argue that the main reasons for this are the lack of
                 suitable tools for testing and the need to write extra
                 ``debug'' code in order to verify correct operation. We
                 further argue that the problem is even worse with
                 object-oriented languages because of multiple classes
                 and encapsulation. In this paper we describe the
                 testing tools within the Blue programming environment
                 which allow object-oriented programs to be thoroughly
                 tested without writing a single line of new code.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dingle:1997:OOM,
  author =       "Adair Dingle",
  title =        "The object-ownership model: a case study for
                 inheritance and operator overloading",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "82--86",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268117",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Any comprehensive course on object-oriented
                 programming must cover the topics of inheritance and
                 overloading. In addition, in view of the relatively
                 large size of some objects, one should also cover the
                 efficiency of parameter passing techniques. By using
                 recent research results, we motivate and present an
                 effective case study that thoroughly examines the
                 concepts and subtleties of each of these topics.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cook:1997:CCS,
  author =       "Curtis R. Cook",
  title =        "{CS0}: computer science orientation course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "87--91",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268119",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Daigle:1997:ICS,
  author =       "Roy J. Daigle and Marino J. Niccolai",
  title =        "Inter-class synergy by design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "92--95",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268121",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Most often curricula are defined in university
                 catalogs according to course prerequisite structures.
                 Formal linkages between individual courses are
                 typically first-order relationships based on
                 prerequisite knowledge or discipline maturity. This
                 paper describes a second-order, collaborative
                 relationship that was established between two computer
                 science courses that has greatly benefitted the
                 students of both classes and has added another
                 dimension to a combined computer and information
                 sciences curricula.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McFall:1997:ICS,
  author =       "Ryan McFall and Gordon Stegink",
  title =        "Introductory computer science for general education:
                 laboratories, textbooks, and the Internet",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "96--100",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268123",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Many colleges and universities are experiencing the
                 need to offer an introductory computer science course
                 that meets some but perhaps not all the guidelines
                 suggested for a CS 1 course. This course frequently
                 meets institutional general education requirements and
                 must be more than a literacy course. We discuss the
                 implementation of such a course at Hope College. We
                 outline the goals of the course and some novel features
                 of the implementation, including an emphasis on
                 graphics. We give examples of our approach to
                 laboratories. Finally we show how we utilize the World
                 Wide Web as a substitute for a textbook and for course
                 administration.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bernstein:1997:CDC,
  author =       "Danielle R. Bernstein",
  title =        "Computing, diversity and community: fostering the
                 computing culture",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "101--105",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268125",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "How do we attract and retain women in mathematics and
                 science and specifically in computing? Women drop out
                 of every bend of the pipeline and thus lose the
                 opportunity to seek good, appealing and high-paying
                 jobs. Funded by an eight-semester long National Science
                 Foundation grant$^1$, the University of Wisconsin (UW)
                 Women and Science program aims to reverse this
                 attrition from the sciences at a point where it is most
                 acute: the introductory courses in the undergraduate
                 science curriculum. This paper focusses on one
                 particular innovation in the computing curriculum:
                 extending the content of a traditional first term
                 computer science course in program design and
                 development to include the culture of computing. The
                 paper gives specific examples of computing artifacts
                 and their uses in any computing classroom. It also
                 shows the connection between teaching the culture of
                 computing and the objectives of the Women and Science
                 project.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fisher:1997:UWC,
  author =       "Allan Fisher and Jane Margolis and Faye Miller",
  title =        "Undergraduate women in computer science: experience,
                 motivation and culture",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "106--110",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268127",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "For the past year, we have been studying the
                 experiences of undergraduate women studying computer
                 science at Carnegie Mellon University, with a specific
                 eye toward understanding the influences and processes
                 whereby they attach themselves to or detach themselves
                 from the field. This report, midway through the
                 two-year project, recaps the goals and methods of the
                 study, reports on our progress and preliminary
                 conclusions, and sketches our plans for the final year
                 and the future beyond this particular project.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brown:1997:WIC,
  author =       "Judy Brown and Peter Andreae and Robert Biddle and
                 Ewan Tempero",
  title =        "Women in introductory computer science: experience at
                 {Victoria University of Wellington}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "111--115",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268128",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper documents efforts that the department has
                 made to support women students between 1991 and the
                 1996. Our major goal has been to reduce the high
                 withdrawal rate of women students in our entry level
                 course in computer science. We describe the approaches
                 that have been taken to address this concern, and
                 present the data which has been collected to track the
                 results of our efforts. Our data suggests that
                 providing a gender neutral content is not enough to
                 ensure that men and women will retain similarly. In
                 this paper we suggest policies which we feel may be
                 beneficial in achieving similar male and female
                 retention rates.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ramakrishnan:1997:CPD,
  author =       "Sub Ramakrishnan and B. Madhu Rao",
  title =        "Classroom projects on database connectivity and the
                 {Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "116--120",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268129",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Most undergraduate curriculums in CS include at least
                 a one semester study of data base management systems.
                 In this paper, we take a closer look at a DBMS course
                 we have offered recently and elaborate on a world wide
                 web based database project in this course; it
                 integrates a number of ideas not only from within DBMS
                 but across other CS areas. We discuss the objectives
                 underlying the design of the project and the ways in
                 which these projects provide students with a feel for
                 the organization and use of contemporary commercial
                 database applications.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Urban:1997:IPU,
  author =       "Susan D. Urban and Suzanne W. Dietrich",
  title =        "Integrating the practical use of a database product
                 into a theoretical curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "121--125",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268130",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Integrating the practical use of a database product
                 into the theoretical curriculum of a database
                 management course is a challenge. The approach
                 described minimizes the amount of class time that is
                 allocated to teaching students the use of a database
                 product, while providing guidance to the students in
                 the use of the tool. Introduction of the database
                 product is accomplished through cooperative learning,
                 where students help each other learn the intricacies of
                 the system. To facilitate this process, the students
                 are provided with a complete database implementation
                 example. Using this example, students gradually advance
                 from a tutorial exercise, to a step-by-step extension
                 of the example, and finally to more difficult
                 extensions. These self-paced assignments provide a
                 solid foundation for the students' knowledge in the
                 implementation of their own cooperative group
                 project.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dietrich:1997:WWB,
  author =       "Suzanne W. Dietrich and Eric Eckert and Kevin
                 Piscator",
  title =        "{WinRDBI}: a {Windows}-based relational database
                 educational tool",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "126--130",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268131",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "RDBI is an educational tool that provides students
                 with the capability to test their understanding of the
                 formal relational query languages (relational algebra,
                 domain relational calculus and tuple relational
                 calculus) and the industry standard query language SQL.
                 Although RDBI is an integral part of the database
                 management courses at a number of universities, it is
                 unavailable to those universities that do not have a
                 license for the software product in which RDBI is
                 implemented. WinRDBI, a version of RDBI for Windows,
                 removes this limitation by increasing the availability
                 of the educational tool to a standard Windows platform.
                 Another advantage of WinRDBI is its graphical user
                 interface, providing the student with a more intuitive
                 interface than the command line interface of RDBI. This
                 paper describes the architecture and user interface of
                 WinRDBI. The features of WinRDBI are also illustrated
                 using nontrivial examples from a popular database text.
                 Although formal relational query languages do not
                 provide inherent support for aggregation, these
                 examples illustrate how to write queries in the formal
                 languages to support (a limited form of) counting and
                 minimum/maximum queries.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Holland:1997:AOM,
  author =       "Simon Holland and Robert Griffiths and Mark Woodman",
  title =        "Avoiding object misconceptions",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "131--134",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268132",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper identifies and describes a number of
                 misconceptions observed in students learning about
                 object technology. It identifies simple, concrete,
                 measures course designers and teachers can take to
                 avoid these misconceptions arising. The context for
                 this work centres on an introductory undergraduate
                 course and a postgraduate course. Both these courses
                 are taught by distance education. These courses both
                 use Smalltalk as an introduction to object technology.
                 More particularly, the undergraduate course uses
                 Smalltalk as a first programming language. Distance
                 education can limit the amount and speed of individual
                 feedback that can be given in the early stages of
                 learning. For this reason, particular attention has
                 been paid to characterizing measures for avoiding
                 elementary misconceptions seen in beginning learners.
                 At the same time we also address some misconceptions
                 observed in postgraduate students. The pedagogical
                 issues discussed are of particular importance when
                 devising an extended series of examples for teaching or
                 assessment, or when designing a visual microworld to be
                 used for teaching purposes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schoenefeld:1997:OOD,
  author =       "Dale A. Schoenefeld",
  title =        "Object-oriented design and programming: an {Eiffel},
                 {C++}, and {Java} course for {C} programmers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "135--139",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268134",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An undergraduate junior or senior level course in
                 object-oriented design and programming is described.
                 The course assumes familiarity with ANSI C and with
                 data structures. The course is a popular elective among
                 upper division students. The small, elegant, pure, and
                 powerful object-oriented language Eiffel is used to
                 illustrate the significant object concepts and as a
                 guide to identifying the most relevant subsets of the
                 C++ and Java languages.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Parlante:1997:TOO,
  author =       "Nick Parlante",
  title =        "Teaching with object oriented libraries",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "140--144",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268135",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a new course centered around the
                 use of large object-oriented libraries and the distinct
                 skills required to use them effectively. The paper
                 describes the needs which led to the formation of the
                 new course, an outline of the course's goals, topics
                 and projects, and observations and conclusions from the
                 course's first offerings.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Starkey:1997:AIC,
  author =       "J. Denbigh Starkey and Ray S. Babcock and Anne S.
                 DeFrance",
  title =        "An accelerated introductory computer science course
                 sequence for non-traditional {Master}'s students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "145--149",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268136",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "All Computer Science Departments that offer graduate
                 degrees share a common problem---many students, with
                 degrees in other disciplines, apply to pursue a
                 Master's degree in Computer Science, but have to make
                 up a large number of undergraduate deficiencies before
                 taking graduate classes. These students are typically
                 above traditional age, have jobs and families, and
                 cannot easily afford to make the time commitment that
                 is necessary to be able to complete the deficiencies
                 before taking the classes that become their graduate
                 program. The Computer Science Department at Montana
                 State University has a solution to this problem. We
                 have developed two accelerated introductory courses, CS
                 252 and 254, where enrollment is restricted to students
                 who already have degrees in other disciplines. These
                 classes, which have two lectures and six hours of
                 laboratory work each week, replace 26 semester credits
                 of regular coursework, and let potential graduate
                 students remove their required undergraduate
                 deficiencies about a year faster than would otherwise
                 be possible.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{King:1997:CSA,
  author =       "L. A. Smith King and John Barr",
  title =        "Computer science for the artist",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "150--153",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268138",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computers are faster and cheaper than ever before and
                 at the same time user interface advances make powerful
                 applications more accessible to the non-computer
                 scientist. In a diverse range of industries, it is now
                 essential for non-computer scientists to create, modify
                 and interact with sophisticated computer applications.
                 Although improved interfaces like high-level scripting
                 languages and visual programming environments, have
                 changed the skill set needed to use the computer, a
                 conceptual understanding of computing and computer
                 interfaces is still required. The very advances
                 allowing direct computer use by non-computer scientists
                 have actually increased the need for computer literacy.
                 Thus computer science departments should expand and
                 enhance course offerings to give non-majors the
                 conceptual understanding and skills they need to become
                 sophisticated users/developers in their particular
                 fields. This paper describes a series of courses
                 developed at Ithaca College that are designed to
                 provide multimedia programming skills and concepts to
                 liberal arts majors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Spooner:1997:SEC,
  author =       "David L. Spooner and Michael Skolnick",
  title =        "Science and engineering case studies in introductory
                 computing courses for non-majors",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "154--158",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268140",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper relates experience in exploiting a science
                 and engineering case study approach to teach
                 introductory computing concepts in a course for
                 non-majors. It describes how a case study is structured
                 and implemented using hypermedia. It also discusses
                 experience gained in using the case studies in the
                 course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mallozzi:1997:BTS,
  author =       "John S. Mallozzi",
  title =        "Binary trees {\'a} la {STL}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "159--163",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268141",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Weiss:1997:ETD,
  author =       "Mark Allen Weiss",
  title =        "Experiences teaching data structures with {Java}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "164--168",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268143",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes our experiences incorporating
                 Java in a Data Structures course. We describe the
                 features of Java that made for a more interesting
                 course, the difficulties that we encountered, and
                 compare Java to the prior languages used in this
                 course, Ada and C++. All in all, we found Java to be a
                 reasonable, but not overwhelming better, alternative.
                 Our students were particularly happy with the
                 experiment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jimenez-Peris:1997:LMT,
  author =       "Richardo Jim{\'e}nez-Peris and Crist{\'o}bal
                 Pareja-Flores and Marta Pati{\~n}o-Mart{\'\i}nez and J.
                 {\'A}ngel Vel{\'a}zquez-Iturbide",
  title =        "The locker metaphor to teach dynamic memory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "169--173",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268144",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Some students experience difficulties when first
                 introduced to dynamic memory. The goal of this paper is
                 to present an analogy between dynamic memory
                 programming and a real-world example that will help
                 students in understanding the underlying concepts
                 behind dynamic memory: a left-luggage room with
                 lockers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reeves:1997:CMT,
  author =       "Douglas S. Reeves",
  title =        "A course on multimedia technology for computer science
                 and computer engineering students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "174--178",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268146",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We have developed a new course on Multimedia
                 Technology, intended for upper-level undergraduates and
                 graduate students majoring in either Computer Science
                 or Computer Engineering. In this paper we describe the
                 topics covered, the method of instruction, the work
                 done by the students, and the facilities needed to
                 teach such a course. The paper concludes with some
                 feedback provided by students, and possible ways in
                 which the course could be improved or extended.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Levin:1997:PDC,
  author =       "Martin H. Levin",
  title =        "A prototype for a data communications laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "179--183",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268147",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the development of a small
                 laboratory to serve as a prototype for a Data
                 Communications Laboratory. We discuss the planning,
                 construction, capabilities and use of the prototype lab
                 by our three data communications courses. The
                 capabilities and use of the lab in entry level
                 microcomputer communications course, the entry level
                 course, is demonstrated and explained, along with our
                 plans for a larger lab in the near future based on a
                 successful NSF-ILI grant request for additional
                 equipment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shifroni:1997:SGT,
  author =       "Eyal Shifroni and David Ginat",
  title =        "Simulation game for teaching communications
                 protocols",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "184--188",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268152",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "During the development of a new program for teaching
                 the subject of computer communication at high school,
                 we examined different ways of teaching the algorithmic
                 aspect of communication protocols. Upon trying the
                 ``standard'' frontal lecture-type presentation, only a
                 minority of the students comprehended the protocols. In
                 looking for an alternative way of teaching, we
                 developed a simulation game in which the students act
                 as the protocol components. After playing the game,
                 they discuss the characteristics of the protocol as
                 experienced through playing. We found the simulation
                 game method to be far more effective than the
                 lecture-type presentation. The simulation game method
                 had significantly improved the level of understanding
                 and the motivation of the students. In this paper we
                 describe the simulation game and its didactic method
                 and discuss the results of applying it in high school
                 classes in Israel during the past year.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Curtis:1997:WBC,
  author =       "Ronald Curtis",
  title =        "A {Web} based configuration control system for team
                 projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "189--193",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268153",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In courses involving team programming projects, it is
                 desirable to have team members share files, and
                 establish procedures for developing a configuration.
                 Often, faculty members also wish to track each team to
                 detect team problems and to determine the team
                 dynamics. This paper describes a system that uses the
                 Web to provide a simple to use student interface for
                 getting and submitting files to their team for building
                 a new configuration. It also describes some of the
                 tools available to the faculty member to organize the
                 teams. Since the system backend is programmable, the
                 faculty member can add any functionality desired.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tinoco:1997:OEW,
  author =       "Lucio C. Tinoco and N. Dwight Barnette and Edward A.
                 Fox",
  title =        "Online evaluation in {WWW}-based courseware",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "194--198",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268156",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The QUIZIT system has been developed to support
                 adaptive as well as standard testing, along with
                 automatic grading and record keeping, using the WWW as
                 a delivery vehicle. In connection with our Interactive
                 Learning with a Digital Library in Computer Science
                 project, we have applied QUIZIT to help with a master's
                 level course as well as a large freshman level service
                 course. Preliminary testing has led to various
                 improvements, and it appears that QUIZIT will be well
                 received by both instructors and students. It should
                 port easily to a variety of environments and so could
                 be widely used at other institutions as well.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ross:1997:WUI,
  author =       "Rockford J. Ross and Christopher M. Boroni and Frances
                 W. Goosey and Michael Grinder and Paul Wissenbach",
  title =        "{WebLab}! {A} universal and interactive teaching,
                 learning, and laboratory environment for the {World
                 Wide Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "199--203",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268160",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Holmes:1997:ASS,
  author =       "Goefrey Holmes and Tony C. Smith",
  title =        "Adding some spice to {CS1} curricula",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "204--208",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268163",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "CS1 curricula that focus primarily on teaching
                 programming skills may fail to give students a sense of
                 the breadth of topics to which a knowledge of
                 computability might apply. We attempt to correct for
                 this by adding a survey of computing concepts into our
                 introductory course. Sophisticated topics usually
                 reserved for senior level courses are presented in a
                 popular science manner, and given equal time alongside
                 the essential introductory programming material. By
                 exposing students to a broad range of specific
                 computational problems we endeavour to make their first
                 course more interesting and enjoyable, and instill in
                 them a sense of vision for areas they might specialise
                 in as computing majors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1997:CLC,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker",
  title =        "Collaborative learning: a case study for {CS1} at
                 {Grinnell College} and {Austin}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "209--213",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268164",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Since Fall, 1992, the author has used techniques of
                 collaborative learning in his sections of CS1 at both
                 Grinnell College and The University of Texas at Austin.
                 These experiments have been successful by various
                 measures: drop rates are very low, students perform
                 well on tests, student motivation and enthusiasm are
                 very high, and the class covers about 20\% more
                 material during the semester. This paper describes the
                 approach that has evolved through several iterations of
                 this course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pargas:1997:TPC,
  author =       "Roy P. Pargas and Joe C. Lundy and John N. Underwood",
  title =        "Tournament play in {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "214--218",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268166",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the fifth programming assignment
                 given to three CS1 sections in the Fall semester of
                 1995. The assignment was to design and implement in Ada
                 a program that plays the game of Nim. The students'
                 programs were to accomplish two goals: (1) play and
                 defeat the instructor's Nim playing program, and (2)
                 participate in a course-wide computer-Nim tournament.
                 This paper explains how the assignment was presented to
                 the students, how the game playing programs were
                 developed and evaluated, how the tournament was
                 conducted, the results of the tournament, and an
                 evaluation of the whole exercise.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McDonald:1997:IPT,
  author =       "Chris McDonald and Kamran Kazemi",
  title =        "Improving the {PVM} teaching environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "219--223",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268167",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The parallel programming community has long recognized
                 the need for a simple programming environment offering
                 interprocess communication between heterogeneous
                 systems. As the Parallel Virtual Machine environment,
                 PVM, has emerged to meet this goal, an increasing
                 number of educational institutions are choosing PVM to
                 support their teaching of parallel and distributed
                 computing using networks of workstations. However, it
                 is often the nature of PVM's design and implementation
                 that can severely limit its success in a teaching
                 environment. This paper first motivates and then
                 describes improvements to the PVM environment which
                 increase both robustness and efficiency in an
                 educational setting.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Burkhart:1997:PPU,
  author =       "Helmar Burkhart",
  title =        "Parallel programming using public domain software",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "224--228",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268169",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper reports on experiences of using public
                 domain software for teaching parallel programming. We
                 describe the three packages used, namely {\tt
                 superpascal}, {\tt pvm}, and {\tt alwan} and assess
                 their specific strengths and weaknesses. We describe
                 our course activities to teach parallel programming and
                 summarize our experiences made.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dillon:1997:TEA,
  author =       "Eric Dillon and Carlos Gamboa {Dos Santos} and Jacques
                 Guyard",
  title =        "Teaching an engineering approach for network
                 computing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "229--232",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268170",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Parallelism and concurrency have long been considered
                 as non essential during the cursus of the average
                 programmer. However, thanks to technological advances,
                 new promising forms of parallel computing are now
                 appearing, e.g., ``network computing'', which are
                 inexpensive and easy to use. In this paper, we present
                 new points to focus on when teaching parallel
                 computing, in addition to the basic principles of it,
                 to let students be aware of problems that often arise
                 when implementing parallel algorithms on this new
                 architecture. Besides, we experimented a different type
                 of exam mainly based on an exercise that had to be
                 solved stepwise, putting the engineering students in a
                 situation which is similar to their future job.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Astrachan:1997:ABM,
  author =       "Owen Astrachan and Robert Smith and James Wilkes",
  title =        "Application-based modules using apprentice learning
                 for {CS} 2",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "233--237",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268172",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A typical Data Structures (CS 2) course covers a wide
                 variety of topics: elementary algorithm analysis; data
                 structures including dynamic structures, trees, tables,
                 graphs, etc.; large programming projects; and more
                 advanced object-oriented concepts. Integrating these
                 topics into assignments is a challenging task;
                 educators often duplicate work done by others in
                 re-inventing such assignments. At the same time, these
                 assignments and large programs take time to develop and
                 are often changed from semester to semester to preclude
                 cheating. We report on a project that provides modules
                 containing many kinds of programming and lab
                 assignments which can be re-used across semesters with
                 accessible and exciting application-oriented materials.
                 Our project is a collaboration between a research and
                 teaching oriented private university, a teaching
                 oriented public university, and a teaching oriented
                 historically black university. This helps ensure that
                 the modules will be accessible to nearly all student
                 populations. The modules developed are available
                 electronically as hyper-text documents.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Zachary:1997:GSP,
  author =       "Joseph L. Zachary",
  title =        "The gestalt of scientific programming: problem, model,
                 method, implementation, assessment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "238--242",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268173",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The process of solving a problem in computational
                 science neither begins nor ends with designing and
                 writing a computer program. The process entails
                 isolating the problem, devising a mathematical model,
                 identifying a computational method, producing an
                 implementation, and assessing the solution.
                 Unfortunately, the introductory programming courses
                 taken by science and engineering students frequently
                 focus only on implementation issues. As a result, such
                 students are often ill-equipped to solve computational
                 problems. We have created a course and written an
                 accompanying textbook that present an introduction to
                 scientific programming. Both are organized around the
                 process for solving computational science problems
                 sketched above. In this paper we illustrate this
                 approach by describing two representative problems from
                 the course and textbook. Along the way, we present Java
                 applets that were designed to illustrate some of the
                 ideas that underlie the two problems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jackson:1997:UAE,
  author =       "David Jackson and Andrew Fovargue",
  title =        "The use of animation to explain genetic algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "243--247",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268175",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Algorithm animation has been applied to a huge variety
                 of algorithms, and has been found to be of enormous
                 benefit in assisting with their comprehension. However,
                 the radical nature of several classes of algorithm has
                 caused them to be largely overlooked in this regard;
                 noticeable among these are genetic algorithms. In
                 addressing this, we have used the XTANGO software
                 system to develop a set of animation sequences designed
                 to illustrate the behaviour of a genetic algorithm
                 applied to a real-world problem. The resulting package
                 is general enough to be adapted easily to a range of
                 problems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Patino-Martinez:1997:AAC,
  author =       "Marta Pati{\~n}o-Mart{\'\i}nez and J. Ignacio
                 Castell{\'o}-G{\'o}mez and Ricardo Jim{\'e}nez-Peris",
  title =        "{AnLex} and {AnSin}: a compiler generator system for
                 beginners",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "248--252",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268178",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The study of compiler generators is an integral part
                 of compiler construction, and for this reason it is
                 customary to have a programming project entirely
                 devoted to it in compiler courses. There are many
                 compilers generators, but their use in a compiler
                 course presents several problems (e.g., the parsers
                 generated are difficult to understand and to debug). In
                 this paper, we describe such problems and present a
                 compiler generator system, AnLex-AnSin, that solves
                 these problems, and can thus be used in compiler
                 programming projects.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Haynes:1997:CHL,
  author =       "Christopher T. Haynes",
  title =        "Compiling: a high-level introduction using Scheme",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "253--257",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268181",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Traditional compilation courses use formal methods for
                 parsing, but treat the more important semantic aspects
                 informally. We present a one semester course in which
                 compiler development is reduced to a number of
                 transformation steps, each of which is formally
                 specified, easily tested, and clearly motivated by
                 semantic considerations. The source language is
                 substantial (essentially the host language of the
                 compiler) and the target is a popular RISC
                 architecture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hailperin:1997:IFP,
  author =       "Max Hailperin",
  title =        "Introducing fixed-point iteration early in a compiler
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "258--261",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268182",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "When teaching a course in compiler design, it is
                 conventional to introduce the iterative calculation of
                 least fixed points quite late in the course, in the
                 guise of iterative data-flow analysis. In this paper I
                 point out that the same mathematical and algorithmic
                 ideas can be introduced much earlier, in the parsing
                 portion of the course, as an explanation of the
                 standard algorithm for computing the First sets of a
                 context-free grammar. Doing so not only renders these
                 techniques more familiar when they re-appear in
                 data-flow analysis, it also provides a more sound
                 foundation for the First algorithm than is typically
                 offered. Moreover, these techniques deserve increased
                 curricular prominence because they naturally lead to
                 proofs of correctness for general non-deterministic
                 algorithms that subsume multiple deterministic
                 algorithms.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Calloni:1997:IPP,
  author =       "Ben A. Calloni and Donald J. Bagert and H. Paul
                 Haiduk",
  title =        "Iconic programming proves effective for teaching the
                 first year programming sequence",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "262--266",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268189",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Research has been undertaken to answer the following
                 question: Can icon-based programming languages be used
                 to teach first year programming concepts to
                 undergraduate students more effectively than text-based
                 languages? BACCII++ is an iconic environment developed
                 at Texas Tech University for teaching procedural and
                 object-oriented programming concepts and languages.
                 Course materials were developed and used under
                 experimental conditions during the 1995-96 school year
                 at Texas Tech University, with half using BACCII++ to
                 generate C++ code, and the other half using only C++.
                 For each course in each semester the experiment was
                 run, the sections using BACCII++ did significantly
                 better in overall performance.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Livesey:1997:SSM,
  author =       "Mike Livesey",
  title =        "{STAMPS}: a state-machine based processor simulator",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "267--271",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268190",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the STAMPS software workbench
                 that supports Honours level computer architecture
                 teaching. STAMPS was developed in response to a need
                 perceived from experience of such teaching. It is a
                 hierarchically structured CPU simulator that can be
                 customised to any architecture and implementation of
                 that architecture. STAMPS is written as a Tcl/wish
                 application. Tcl facilitates interaction with the file
                 system, simple naming conventions and highly flexible
                 user interaction. STAMPS runs on any Unix platform.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ashton:1997:UIN,
  author =       "Paul Ashton",
  title =        "Using interaction networks for visualization of
                 message passing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "272--276",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268084.268192;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268192",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-889-4",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-889-3",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "Compendex database; DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1997.html#Ashton97;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/minix.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1997.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Os/minix.bib",
  abstract =     "Understanding software structured as separate programs
                 that communicate via message passing requires
                 understanding how the various programs interact with
                 each other, as well as understanding the individual
                 programs in isolation. An interaction network display
                 shows in a visual way message passing within and
                 between programs. We have implemented an interaction
                 network monitor for the MINIX operating system, for use
                 in showing students how the system programs and
                 processes of MINIX interact to provide operating system
                 services. We give three examples to demonstrate the
                 insights into message-based systems that can be gained
                 from studying interaction network displays.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  affiliation =  "Univ of Canterbury",
  affiliationaddress = "Christchurch, New Zealand",
  classification = "722.4; 723; 723.1",
  conference =   "Proceedings of the 1997 28th SIGCSE Technical
                 Symposium on Computer Science Education",
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  journalabr =   "SIGCSE Bull",
  keywords =     "Computer networks; Computer operating systems;
                 Interaction networks; Interactive computer systems;
                 Message passing; minix operating systems; Structured
                 programming",
  meetingaddress = "San Jose, CA, USA",
  meetingdate =  "Feb 27--Mar 1 1997",
  meetingdate2 = "02/27--03/01/97",
  sponsor =      "ACM SIGCSE",
}

@Article{Hilburn:1997:DQW,
  author =       "Thomas B. Hilburn and Massood Towhidnejad",
  title =        "Doing quality work: the role of software process
                 definition in the computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "277--281",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268193",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses the role of personal software
                 process definition in the education of computing
                 professionals and the importance of emphasizing quality
                 in the development of software. After examining recent
                 government and industry efforts in introducing and
                 instituting effective software development processes,
                 there is a description of the Capability Maturity Model
                 (CMM) and Watts Humphrey's Personal Software Process
                 (PSP) and its use in industry and academia. The rest of
                 the paper reports on a recent project that introduced
                 PSP concepts into CS1 and CS2. Project methods and
                 activities are described and the results of the project
                 are analyzed. Finally, future enhancements and
                 extensions of the project are discussed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Haddad:1997:ME,
  author =       "Hisham Haddad and Herbert Tesser and Steven P.
                 Wartik",
  title =        "Megaprogramming Education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "282--286",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268194;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/268084.268194",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-889-4",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-889-3",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1997.html#HaddadTW97;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1997.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/SE/cbsd.bib",
  abstract =     "In the computer science field, educators face several
                 obstacles when attempting to introduce rigorous
                 software engineering concepts and practices into the
                 curriculum. This paper addresses the issue of software
                 engineering education and the role of megaprogramming
                 in introductory courses for high school and college
                 students. We highlight the need for, and the initial
                 effort in megaprogramming education. We provide a brief
                 description of developed materials and a proposed
                 approach to integrate megaprogramming into high school
                 computer science curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lutz:1997:RLT,
  author =       "Michael J. Lutz and J. Fernando Naveda",
  title =        "The road less traveled: a baccalaureate degree in
                 software engineering",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "287--291",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268196",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In the fall of 1996, RIT admitted the first students
                 to a new undergraduate program in software engineering.
                 Our goal in creating the program was to provide for the
                 education of a new type of engineer: the software
                 engineer. This paper presents the rationale for
                 developing such a program, the process we followed in
                 its design, and an outline of the distinctive features
                 it possesses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Grodzinsky:1997:CAS,
  author =       "Frances S. Grodzinsky",
  title =        "Computer access for students with disabilities: an
                 adaptive technology laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "292--295",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268197",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pfeiffer:1997:MSP,
  author =       "Phil Pfeiffer and Matt Heintzelman",
  title =        "Machines, statues, and people: strategies for
                 promoting {RSI} awareness in computing curricula",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "296--300",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268198",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCauley:1997:RAS,
  author =       "Ren{\'e}e A. McCauley and Bill Z. Manaris",
  title =        "Report on the annual survey of departments offering
                 {CSAC\slash CSAB}-accredited computer science degree
                 programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "301--305",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268200",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents results of a survey of departments
                 offering accredited Computer Science degree programs.
                 It discusses demographic information related to
                 curricula, faculty, and students for all such programs,
                 and identifies various trends based on this data. These
                 results are of interest and use to all accredited and
                 non-accredited departments alike, since it provides the
                 information necessary to monitor and compare individual
                 degree programs to other programs in the nation in
                 terms of faculty composition, student enrollment and
                 graduation rates, faculty salaries, and curriculum
                 issues.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sebern:1997:IDC,
  author =       "Mark J. Sebern",
  title =        "Iterative development and commercial tools in an
                 undergraduate software engineering course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "306--309",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268201",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Many undergraduate software engineering courses
                 combine team projects with discussion of development
                 cycle concepts. It can be difficult to connect these
                 elements in a coherent way, especially when the lecture
                 is a broad survey and the project is sharply focused on
                 meeting the needs of a client. This paper describes one
                 attempt to bridge this gap, by incorporating the
                 iterative development of a classroom example and an
                 object-oriented process based on two commercial
                 software tools. Although the course time frame (an
                 academic quarter) is too short for significant
                 iteration on the team project, students can participate
                 in an accelerated version of the process by making a
                 small increment to the non-trivial example. This
                 approach retains the benefits of a realistic,
                 client-centered team development project, while
                 providing experience in a contemporary software
                 development process based on commercial CASE tools.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barrett:1997:SRG,
  author =       "Martin L. Barrett",
  title =        "Simulating requirements gathering",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "310--314",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268203",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One of the difficulties in teaching a project-based
                 Software Engineering course for undergraduates is
                 giving students experience with requirements gathering
                 before they begin the course project. This paper
                 describes a simulation of Joint Application Design
                 (JAD), a technique used in industry to gather
                 requirements from users. The simulation is a
                 role-playing exercise in which students play the parts
                 of both developers and customers involved in specifying
                 a new software product. Each participant is given a
                 script of behaviors to act out for his or her role and
                 a set of specific requirements for the product. The
                 participants must work out conflicts and ambiguities
                 built into the simulation to produce a consistent
                 product specification.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nebash:1997:UHL,
  author =       "Bohdan Nebash and Michael B. Feldman",
  title =        "Using {HTML} linking to help novice programmers to
                 reuse components",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "315--319",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268204",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Software reuse needs to be taught early in the
                 computer science curriculum. One of the major obstacles
                 that students face when reusing software is the
                 difficulty in learning how to use components from a
                 software library. To aid in understanding components we
                 built a tool that automatically embeds Hypertext Markup
                 Language (HTML) links in Ada 95 specification files.
                 Derived types are linked to their parent types, child
                 packages are linked to their parents, and all
                 subprogram parameter and return types are linked to
                 their declarations. We conducted a controlled
                 experiment to determine if these links help novice
                 programmers to learn to use library components.
                 Researchers have not formally investigated which
                 comprehension techniques are effective and which are
                 not. Our results indicate that our techniques are
                 effective in aiding novice programmers to learn to use
                 a reusable component.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberge:1997:BCS,
  author =       "James Roberg{\'e} and C. R. Carlson",
  title =        "Broadening the computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "320--324",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268206",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Too often, students in undergraduate computer science
                 programs come to equate computer science with the
                 ``nuts and bolts'' of the field---programming, data
                 structures, algorithms, operating systems, programming
                 languages and so forth. If we are to attract students
                 to computer science and produce graduates who will
                 excel in the profession, we must broaden our students'
                 perspective on our discipline. In this paper, we
                 examine an initiative that seeks to broaden the
                 undergraduate computer science experience by
                 introducing three new elements into the curriculum: a
                 first-year experience that focuses on the challenges of
                 computer science, a fourth-year experience that focuses
                 on the initial stages of the software design process,
                 and a student portfolio that unifies the existing
                 curriculum, broadens its content, and provides us with
                 a mechanism for assessing the growth of our students'
                 technical and non-technical skills.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gersting:1997:CEC,
  author =       "Judith Gersting and Frank H. Young",
  title =        "Content + experiences = curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "325--329",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268207",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Berglund:1997:IEQ,
  author =       "Anders Berglund and Mats Daniels",
  title =        "Improving education quality, a full scale study",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "330--334",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268209",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We now and then make changes to our courses and how we
                 teach or examine them. This is often done in isolation
                 from other courses that the students take. In this
                 paper we report on experiences made in a coordinated
                 study concerning examination methods. The target group
                 was 60 students from the Systems branch of the
                 Engineering Physics study program. We changed all three
                 courses they took during the first ten weeks of the
                 spring semester 1996. The changes were in short:
                 replace the final exam by weekly assignments, introduce
                 seminars as a method of examination, and in the cases
                 where a written exam was kept, the main focus of the
                 questions were changed to showing understanding,
                 ability to analyze and synthesize. Our experiences in
                 this study clearly show that changing examination is a
                 tool for changing the way our students work, and thus
                 for improving the quality of the education.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jackson:1997:GSP,
  author =       "David Jackson and Michelle Usher",
  title =        "Grading student programs using {ASSYST}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "335--339",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268210",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The task of grading solutions to student programming
                 exercises is laborious and error-prone. We have
                 developed a software tool called ASSYST that is
                 designed to relieve a tutor of much of the burden of
                 assessing such programs. ASSYST offers a graphical
                 interface that can be used to direct all aspects of the
                 grading process, and it considers a wide range of
                 criteria in its automatic assessment. Experience with
                 the system has been encouraging.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1997:LPC,
  author =       "Deborah L. Knox",
  title =        "On-line publication of {CS} laboratories",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "340--344",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268212",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Many computer science educators are actively
                 developing laboratory materials in support of their
                 courses because the lab activities provide a rich
                 learning environment. Some instructors are hesitant to
                 pursue this type of pedagogy because of the time
                 commitment required or because of a lack of materials
                 to use as a starting point. This paper describes the
                 development of a repository of computer science
                 laboratories to encourage development and use of labs.
                 The project described is an on-line repository, a
                 database developed for the WEB using HTML forms to help
                 tailor user requests for information. The backbone of
                 the repository is currently CGI scripts written in
                 PERL. The features of the prototype include lab
                 submission, searching by keyword or topic, and an
                 annotation capability for each lab. We also describe
                 the plans for a SIGCSE sponsored peer reviewed on-line
                 repository of lab materials which will create a
                 recognized avenue for the dissemination of labs. The
                 peer review process will help insure a level of
                 quality, and grant developers recognition for their
                 scholarly work in support of teaching.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Woodman:1997:OSU,
  author =       "Mark Woodman and Robert Griffiths and Simon Holland
                 and Andrew Law",
  title =        "The object shop-using {CD}-{ROM} multimedia to
                 introduce object concepts",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "345--349",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268213",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes key features of a new multimedia
                 CD-ROM pack produced by television makers in
                 collaboration with computer science educators --- by
                 the BBC for the Open University Computing Department.
                 The pack, The Object Shop, forms an early component of
                 an undergraduate course which introduces
                 object-oriented computing and software development to
                 students new to computing. Building on the results of
                 empirical evaluation, The Object Shop has been designed
                 to help students with no programming experience to
                 understand core object programming concepts. Throughout
                 the CD-ROM, video, animated graphics and an underlying
                 object-oriented simulation of a virtual shopping
                 environment provide an accessible introduction to the
                 central ideas of object-oriented programming. The key
                 power of the multimedia approach is that the
                 student-user is able to gain a sound operational
                 understanding of concepts before learning the details
                 of programming code or syntax. Users can continually
                 monitor their progress through a series of task-based,
                 assessed exercises.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Williams:1997:ENG,
  author =       "Kathleen A. Williams",
  title =        "Educating the next generation of information
                 specialists: industry and university collaborative
                 learning pilot project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "350--354",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268214",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This collaborative learning pilot project was in
                 support of a major revision of computer information
                 science (CIS)-oriented curricula. The entire CIS
                 project, sponsored by the National Science Foundation
                 (NSF), will develop detailed curriculum guidelines,
                 supporting laboratory material, original learning and
                 teaching paradigms, and methodology for dealing with
                 complex information systems. The pilot project
                 addressed many of the issues in the latter two areas:
                 new paradigms for teaching and learning and dealing
                 with complex information systems. Specifically, the
                 many aspects of having CIS students gain experience
                 with large information systems problems in industry
                 environment are addressed. This pilot project was
                 developed and supported by Boeing Information {\&}amp;
                 Support Services and the University of Washington
                 Department of Computer Science and Engineering
                 (UWCSE).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mulder:1997:EEE,
  author =       "Michael C. Mulder and Doris Lidtke and Gordon E.
                 Stokes",
  title =        "Enterprise enhanced education: an information
                 technology enabled extension of traditional learning
                 environments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "355--359",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268217",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "For many years there have been complaints from
                 enterprises such as business, industry and government
                 that academia is unable to produce graduates that can
                 function well in the design and implementation of large
                 and complex information and engineering systems. These
                 complaints have been voiced and confirmed once again in
                 recent reports and conference addresses [5],[3]. As a
                 result of discussions on the results of the Mulder NSF
                 report following the report's completion it was
                 suggested that recent advancements in information,
                 communication and computer technologies could enable a
                 new and innovative approach to improving the graduates
                 from our university information specialists programs.
                 This new learning/teaching paradigm involves both the
                 universities and the concerned enterprises. The paper
                 that follows presents some of the reasoning and
                 organizational structure for the suggested cooperative
                 approach enabled by information technology, and
                 information regarding some test sites of cooperative
                 programs involving universities and industry.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jackson:1997:SEI,
  author =       "Ursula Jackson and Bill Z. Manaris and Ren{\'e}e A.
                 McCauley",
  title =        "Strategies for effective integration of software
                 engineering concepts and techniques into the
                 undergraduate computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "360--364",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268219",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses various strategies for
                 introducing and reinforcing software engineering
                 principles in the undergraduate Computer Science
                 curriculum. These strategies are based on a set of
                 standards for internal/external documentation and
                 organization of software which may be implemented
                 quickly and inexpensively without a complete overhaul
                 of courses. This provides a flexible framework for the
                 development of a wide variety of carefully-planned
                 programming assignments/projects.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dezhgosha:1997:CND,
  author =       "Kamyar Dezhgosha and Ted Mims and Richard Wasniowski
                 and Frances Grodzinsky and Lawrence J. Osborne and Dean
                 Sanders and Herb Dershem",
  title =        "Computer networks and data communications (panel): a
                 laboratory focus",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "365--366",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268221",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cupper:1997:URW,
  author =       "Robert D. Cupper and Rhonda Eller-Meshreki and Gerald
                 Pitts",
  title =        "Undergraduate research-welcome to the 21st century",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "367--368",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268223",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barker:1997:DEP,
  author =       "Keith Barker and Judith Gal-Ezer and Pam Lawhead and
                 Kurt Maly and James E. Miller and Pete Thomas and
                 Elizabeth S. Adams",
  title =        "Distance education (panel): promise and reality",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "369--370",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268226",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wegner:1997:SDC,
  author =       "Peter Wegner and Eric Roberts and Roy Rada and Allen
                 B. Tucker",
  title =        "Strategic directions in computer science education
                 (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "371--372",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268228",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This panel will discuss major issues and challenges in
                 computer science education across a wide range of
                 institutions. It originates from a report developed by
                 the Education Working Group of the Strategic Directions
                 in Computing Research (SDCR) Workshop. That report
                 appears in its entirety in the ACM Computing Surveys
                 issue [Wegner96] which is distributed to all attendees
                 to this SIGCSE 97 conference. In this panel, we will
                 discuss the general aims and accomplishments of the
                 SDCR conference, highlighting the specific
                 recommendations of the Education Working Group. We will
                 outline ideas for improving the quality and
                 effectiveness of computer science programs at the
                 undergraduate, graduate, and K-12 levels. We will also
                 argue for the creation of a Resource Center for
                 developing and distributing computer science and
                 engineering curricular materials, including the idea of
                 developing a ``Virtual Computing University.''",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cordes:1997:APL,
  author =       "David Cordes and Bruce J. Klein and Ren{\'e}e A.
                 McCauley and Linda Null and Craig E. Wills and Dorothy
                 Deremer",
  title =        "Application of peer learning to the introductory
                 computer science curriculum (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "373--374",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268229",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clancy:1997:GSC,
  author =       "Michael J. Clancy and Ed Dubinsky and Richard A.
                 Duggan and Marian Petre and Vicki L. Almstrum and
                 Mickey McDonald",
  title =        "Getting started in {CS} education research (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "375--376",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268230",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Miller:1997:ECA,
  author =       "Philip Miller and Kris Stewart and Klaus Sutner and
                 Josepyh L. Zachary",
  title =        "Exploiting computer algebra systems in computer
                 science courses (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "377--378",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268232",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Adams:1997:DMC,
  author =       "William Joseph Adams and Edward A. Fox and Gloria
                 Melara Vides and Rachelle Heller",
  title =        "Defining multimedia courses within a computer science
                 education (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "379--380",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268234",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Couger:1997:PRP,
  author =       "J. Daniel Couger and Gordon B. Davis and David L.
                 Feinstein and John T. Gorgone and Herbert E.
                 {Longenecker, Jr.}",
  title =        "{I.S. '97} (panel): a report and panel discussion of
                 the joint {ACM\slash AIS\slash DPMA} information
                 systems curriculum for four year undergraduate
                 programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "381--382",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268236",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Howard:1997:LSM,
  author =       "Richard A. Howard and Lisa Kaczmarczyk and Frederick
                 Springsteel and Nell Dale",
  title =        "Learning style models and computer science education
                 (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "383",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268237",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Freeman:1997:GIC,
  author =       "Elizabeth Freeman and Susanne Hupfer and Catherine
                 Lang and Ralph Morelli and Domenick J. Pinto and
                 Frances L. {Van Scoy} and Sandra Honda Adams",
  title =        "Gender imbalance in computer science programs,
                 etiology and amelioration (panel): views for {U.S}.
                 campuses and elsewhere",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "384--385",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268238",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "As a female computer science educator, I've watched
                 with growing alarm the drop in enrollment in our
                 Computer Science programs from a ratio of 1:1 of males
                 and females in 1983, to a current ratio of 5:1. The
                 lack of interest of female students in Computer Science
                 is still a very serious problem. As educators we should
                 all be watching our own campus and addressing this
                 problem. The panelists assembled from various
                 institutions will address the issues of gender
                 imbalance and relate their experiences in implementing
                 solutions to counter this problem. Two of the panelist
                 will discuss utilization of the World Wide Web
                 addressing reasons for creating both Web sites. As long
                 as this gender imbalance exists in our schools we need
                 to continue our dialog to share and develop new ideas
                 to encourage female participation in Computer Science
                 Programs. The audience will be welcomed to participate
                 in a larger group discussion.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carrasquel:1997:MLI,
  author =       "Jacobo Carrasquel and Michael J. Clancy and Eric
                 Roberts and Joseph L. Zachary and David G. Kay",
  title =        "Managing large introductory courses (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "386--387",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268239",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Spies:1997:VPT,
  author =       "Wayne Spies and Lee Wittenberg and Robert Workman and
                 Baarry Burd",
  title =        "Visual programming tools in the {C.S}. curriculum
                 (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "388--389",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268240",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kourik:1997:DCS,
  author =       "Janet Kourik",
  title =        "Developing critical skills in technical courses
                 (seminar)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "390",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268241",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "To succeed in today's computer information systems
                 (CIS) environment, CIS professionals need far more than
                 traditional technical skills. Managers seek technical
                 staff with the ability to communicate effectively and
                 understand an organization's primary mission. Industry
                 would like CIS professionals to have strong backgrounds
                 in a broad variety of skills such as oral and written
                 communication, team work, and an awareness of
                 international issues. Current computer science and
                 information system curricula often do not provide our
                 students with the opportunity to learn these critical
                 skills. By adding a variety of simple activities to
                 existing technical courses we can provide students with
                 valuable opportunities to develop these critical
                 skills. A variety of teaching techniques can re-enforce
                 skills in both arenas at the same time. Some
                 assignments can assist students in understanding the
                 technical material by requiring them to apply advanced
                 critical thinking skills. Active learning can reach
                 students with different learning styles and increase
                 the understanding and retention of technical material.
                 A mixture of activities also provides a variety of
                 forms of assessment which may more accurately reflect
                 students' understanding of the material. As a bonus,
                 these skills will enable our students to continue to
                 thrive in a field fraught with constant change. The
                 seminar will expand on these themes and provide
                 examples and practice developing assignments that can
                 help prepare well-rounded students for success in
                 computer information systems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Zachary:1997:CAT,
  author =       "Joseph L. Zachary",
  title =        "A comprehensive approach to teaching programming to
                 science and engineering majors (seminar)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "391",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268242",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Culwin:1997:JCC,
  author =       "Fintan Culwin",
  title =        "{Java} in the {C.S}. curriculum (seminar)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "392",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268244",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{East:1997:PBP,
  author =       "J. Philip East and Eugene Wallingford",
  title =        "Pattern-based programming in initial instruction
                 (seminar)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "393",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268245",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Saiedian:1997:DFS,
  author =       "Hossein Saiedian",
  title =        "Developing formal specifications via {Z} (workshop)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "396",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268085.268256",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lee:1997:TCL,
  author =       "Greg C. Lee and Chen-Chih Wu",
  title =        "On teaching computer literacy to future secondary
                 school teachers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "2--6",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271042.271044",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses our experience in teaching
                 computer literacy classes to non-majors with a future
                 career as secondary school teachers. The backgrounds of
                 the students, our teaching philosophy, course
                 organization and conduction as well as the feedbacks
                 from our students are detailed. From the feedbacks it
                 can be seen that the central goal of computer and
                 application literacy is accomplished. Furthermore,
                 students' perceptions of computers has turned from
                 negative to positive.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ben-Ari:1997:CAP,
  author =       "Mordechai Ben-Ari and Kevlin Henney",
  title =        "A critique of the advanced placement {C++} subset",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "7--10",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271042.271046",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Educational Testing Service has decided that the
                 Advanced Placement Examination in Computer Science will
                 use the C++ programming language in place of Pascal.
                 They have designed a subset of the language to be used
                 in high school courses. This paper claims that the
                 subset is deficient in two areas: (a) the subset is
                 vague on which language features it contains, and (b)
                 the proposed class library diverges significantly from
                 the draft Standard Library. These problems stem from an
                 attempt to come to terms with non-complying
                 implementations. We believe that the AP C++ subset
                 should be defined on educational criteria alone;
                 software and textbook authors and publishers would then
                 adapt their course material to the language subset.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Grove:1997:PIS,
  author =       "Ralph F. Grove",
  title =        "A proposal for integrated software engineering
                 education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "11--ff.",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271042.271048",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a proposal to strengthen the
                 coverage of software engineering within the
                 undergraduate CS curriculum by integrating coverage of
                 software tools, methodologies, and practices into core
                 courses and by providing appropriate resources for
                 instructors. The goal of the proposal is to improve
                 technical readiness of CS graduates for the 21$^{st}$
                 -century software development workforce by providing an
                 exposure throughout the CS curriculum to modern project
                 management practices and tools, and by developing in
                 students skills necessary to participate in software
                 development projects.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{deVivo:1997:PUO,
  author =       "Gabriela O. de Vivo and Marco de Vivo and Germinal
                 Isern",
  title =        "{E pluribus unum}: {OOPL} selection",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "17--ff.",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271042.271049",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Usually legacies act as strong amalgamating forces and
                 are thus beneficial to systems and theories. However,
                 as time passes through, even legacies must be reviewed
                 in order to benefit from changes. Although several
                 sound models has been produced by software engineers in
                 the last 25 years, a large amount of software is still
                 produced and maintained using aged paradigms and
                 methods (if any) and COBOL/FORTRAN generation tools.
                 The underlying idea seems to be ``Why change it if it
                 works?''. Nevertheless it seems too that time for
                 changes has come. The OO paradigm is really strong and
                 useful and has been showed appropriate for almost any
                 conceivable software system. Besides, actual
                 programmers and analysts are formed under this
                 paradigm. So it seems foreseeable a consistent
                 conversion to OO paradigm. What still doesn't seem to
                 be clear is how adequate are the actual OOP languages
                 to support the paradigm, and what is the comparative
                 effort involved in mastering them and their associated
                 environments. This paper reports the heuristics and
                 observations resulting from a simple experiment
                 formulated to explore how adequate are the languages
                 C++, Eiffel, and Ada 95 to implement OO designed
                 systems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brogi:1997:TMC,
  author =       "Antonio Brogi",
  title =        "A {Turing} machine contest for introducing high school
                 students to computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "23--27",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271042.271050",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/turing-alan-mathison.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This report briefly describes a Computer Science
                 contest for high school students which was recently
                 organized by the Department of Computer Science at the
                 University of Pisa. The goal of the contest was to
                 stimulate the interest of high school students for
                 Computer Science, and to give them a chance of
                 demonstrating and developing their problem solving
                 abilities. A distinguishing aspect of the contest was
                 that no background in Computer Science was required to
                 participate.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rada:1997:NSE,
  author =       "Roy Rada and James Schoening",
  title =        "New standards for educational technology relevant to
                 multiple {ACM SIGs}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "28--30",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271042.271051",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cunningham:1997:TSC,
  author =       "Sally Jo Cunningham",
  title =        "Teaching students to critically evaluate the quality
                 of {Internet} research resources",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "31--ff.",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271042.271053",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Internet offers a host of high-quality research
                 material in computer science---and, unfortunately, some
                 very low quality resources as well. As part of learning
                 the research process, students should be taught to
                 critically evaluate the quality of all documents that
                 they use. This paper discusses the application of
                 document evaluation criteria to WWW resources, and
                 describes activities for including quality evaluation
                 in a course on research methods.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Antoniou:1997:NMT,
  author =       "Grigoris Antoniou",
  title =        "A new methodology for teaching default reasoning",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "35--38",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271042.274426",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Default reasoning is a method of knowledge
                 representation and reasoning which allows one to deal
                 adequately with incomplete information. Applications of
                 such methods can be found in software engineering,
                 artificial intelligence, law, marketing, business etc.
                 In this paper we describe why default reasoning is
                 difficult, and describe a new methodology for teaching
                 default reasoning, which has been applied with
                 significant success over the past couple of years. It
                 is based on the idea of operationalizing the basic
                 concepts of the logic.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Johnson:1997:ISE,
  author =       "Hubert A. Johnson",
  title =        "Integrating software engineering into the traditional
                 computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "39--ff.",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271042.271054",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer science graduates from most universities and
                 colleges are ill-prepared for entry positions in
                 industry. This paper focuses on efforts to develop and
                 use modules to introduce software engineering concepts
                 at all levels of the traditional undergraduate computer
                 science curriculum and to have students apply these
                 principles to an ongoing project.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jovanovic-Dolecek:1997:FDP,
  author =       "Gordana Jovanovic-Dolecek",
  title =        "{FASRS}-demo package for {Fourier} analysis of
                 stationary random signals",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "46--53",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271042.271055",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents software package FASRS which is
                 developed in MATLAB and is meant for use as an
                 interactive learning tool for the bases of Fourier
                 analysis of stationary random signals. Two main
                 approaches are demonstrated. One approach, which is
                 referred to as Periodogram method is based on direct
                 Fourier transformation of signal. The second approach,
                 Autocorrelation method, is based on the Fourier
                 transform of the estimation of the autocovariance
                 sequence of the signal.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Larmour:1997:SRA,
  author =       "R. Larmour",
  title =        "A survey into the relevance and adequacy of training
                 in systems analysis and design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "54--64",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271042.271056",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A questionnaire was designed to cover the areas of
                 systems analysis and design (SAD) which staff in
                 Northern Ireland currently work on, the extent of
                 training the person has had in those areas, and there
                 assessment of the adequacy of any training given. The
                 questionnaire was distributed to both commercial firms
                 and to the civil service. The total replies were 150
                 --- civil service (104), non-civil service (46). The
                 survey showed that training in SAD was concentrated in
                 certain areas --- those such as systems and data
                 modeling. Other areas such as interview techniques and
                 sampling of documents are not equally as well covered
                 in training. Student assessment of the training
                 provided varied significantly. The ease with which
                 certain aspects of SAD training courses can be
                 developed as opposed to others is discussed and the
                 important imbalance in the coverage of training
                 provisioned is highlighted.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carswell:1997:TII,
  author =       "Linda Carswell",
  title =        "Teaching via the {Internet}: the impact of the
                 {Internet} as a communication medium on distance
                 learning introductory computing students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "1--5",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268821",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The use of the Internet is a common theme in current
                 educational technology research. However, hype does not
                 augment learning, and new technology alone does not
                 promise improvement. The question is does Internet
                 presentation alone affect learning outcomes? This study
                 examines two groups of distance learning students on a
                 single course, using the same learning materials, but
                 with different means of communication. One group
                 consists of conventional distance learning students who
                 communicate with their instructors via telephone and
                 written correspondence, while the other group
                 communicates electronically via the Internet.
                 Attitudes, learning styles, self perceptions, grades,
                 and experiences for each group are compared to assess
                 the impact of the Internet, as a communication medium.
                 The Internet as a communication medium is not found to
                 have any significant effect on learning outcomes, and
                 neither is any learning style profile. The student
                 experiences are favourable in both mediums, however
                 those using the Internet reported greater flexibility
                 and faster response times.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Robles:1997:UMC,
  author =       "Tom{\'a}s Robles and David Fern{\'a}ndez and Encarna
                 Pastor and Santiago Alamillo",
  title =        "Using multimedia communication technologies in
                 distance learning",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "6--7",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268822",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes pilot experiences of distance
                 learning using videoconference over the public
                 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN). Graduate
                 and postgraduate courses of the Technical University of
                 Madrid (Telecommunication Engineers) form the
                 educational scenario chosen for the experiences.
                 Several phases were defined to carry out the
                 experiments, each one centred around different
                 students/subjects profiles. The first phase has been
                 recently finished and it has been evaluated with
                 interesting results from a pedagogical point of view.
                 Organisational, technical and economical aspects has
                 also been evaluated with the aim of extending these
                 experiences to a larger scale.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dankell:1997:UWS,
  author =       "Douglas D. {Dankell II} and James Hearn",
  title =        "The use of the {WWW} to support distance learning
                 through {NTU}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "8--10",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268824",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The teaching of graduate level computer science
                 courses can be a challenging task. The students are
                 confronted with a wealth of complex material with,
                 often, higher expectations by their instructors on
                 their performance. Distance education of students
                 employed full-time presents an interesting and complex
                 challenge. This paper describes the instructional
                 package consisting primarily of a World Wide Web (WWW)
                 site used by the author to aid in educating distance
                 education students enrolled in graduate Artificial
                 Intelligence Concept courses at the University of
                 Florida.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hitz:1997:TCW,
  author =       "Martin Hitz and Stefan K{\"o}geler",
  title =        "Teaching {C++} on the {WWW}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "11--13",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268825",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present the WWW-based interactive C++ Course
                 developed at the University of Vienna to support
                 introductory programming lectures of the first year of
                 our Wirtschaftsinformatik (``business informatics'')
                 curriculum. The paper focuses on some major design
                 concepts of the course as well as on the lessons
                 learned during the project, such as the 3-layer
                 structure of the course, ergonomic issues, an
                 integrated programming interface with multi-user
                 support, and maintainability issues. All of these may
                 apply also to similar projects for different
                 programming languages.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Berry:1997:IDM,
  author =       "Jonathan Berry",
  title =        "Improving discrete mathematics and algorithms
                 curricula with {LINK}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "14--20",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268827",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper introduces the LINK system as an
                 educational tool which can be used to visualize and
                 experiment with discrete algorithms. An extended
                 example demonstrates the flexibility of the system in
                 the context of a fundamental graph algorithm: finding
                 the strongly connected components of a directed
                 graph.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Janser:1997:ILS,
  author =       "Achim W. Janser",
  title =        "An interactive learning system visualizing computer
                 graphics algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "21--23",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268828",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "At our universities the integration of computers into
                 the classical lectures becomes more and more important,
                 because their usage improves the quality of teaching.
                 Our learning system is concerned with the visualization
                 of Computer Graphics Algorithms. Such an algorithm can
                 hardly be taught on a blackboard or an overhead,
                 because the dynamic and the changes during its
                 execution cannot be illustrated properly on a static
                 display. In a learning system the algorithm can be
                 visualized by using sample outputs that develop
                 stepwise during the execution and by showing the most
                 important variables with their values changing after
                 certain commands. Our learning system is aimed to be
                 used in addition to a classical lecture and practice.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rautama:1997:EAA,
  author =       "E. Rautama and E. Sutinen and J. Tarhio",
  title =        "Excel as an algorithm animation environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "24--26",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268829",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Understanding of fundamental algorithms and designing
                 algorithms for a novel problem are basic skills in
                 Computer Science. Animation is a useful aid in both
                 these areas. We show how to animate algorithms with
                 Microsoft Excel using data visualization and macro
                 programming features of Excel. The user writes an
                 algorithm using the Visual Basic programming language
                 of Excel and defines charts visualizing dynamically the
                 data structures of the algorithm. This approach is
                 suitable especially for small-scale animation, e.g.,
                 for course assignments in Computer Science.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Burke:1997:GAT,
  author =       "E. K. Burke and D. B. Varley",
  title =        "A genetic algorithms tutorial tool for numerical
                 function optimisation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "27--30",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268830",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The field of Genetic Algorithms has grown into a huge
                 area over the last few years. Genetic Algorithms are
                 adaptive methods, which can be used to solve search and
                 optimisation problems over a period of generations,
                 based upon the principles of natural selection and
                 survival of the fittest. This paper describes an
                 innovative tool to introduce the basics of the subject
                 of Genetic Algorithms called GAVIn (Genetic Algorithms
                 Visual Interface). It focuses on the domain of
                 numerical function optimisation problems as these form
                 a good basis for learning and operator comparison. The
                 other problem domains are too varied and problem
                 dependent to form a general, robust learning tool.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lawhead:1997:MCO,
  author =       "Pamela B. Lawhead",
  title =        "A model for the creation of online courseware",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "31--36",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268831",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a project underway at the
                 University of Mississippi to create a Virtual Campus
                 using the Internet and VRML to present laboratories.
                 The initial laboratories were written by a community
                 college biology instructor and translated into CGI
                 scripts by a group of computer science students at the
                 University. The purpose of the project is to utilize
                 the wealth of NASA Earth Observation data in
                 Mississippi Community College Classrooms to improve the
                 quality of science education students receive while
                 also increasing their interest in science. The model
                 for lesson creation allows the teacher to create lesson
                 descriptions that are then translated into scripts to
                 run inside the VRML campus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hagan:1997:MER,
  author =       "Dianne Hagan and Judy Sheard and Ian Macdonald",
  title =        "Monitoring and evaluating a redesigned first year
                 programming course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "37--39",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268832",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A collaborative project between the Computing faculty
                 and the Education faculty of Monash University was
                 aimed at improving the teaching and learning of first
                 year programming. After initial research had identified
                 the problems, some improvements were attempted during
                 1996. One department was willing and able to make major
                 changes to its subjects immediately. The sequence of
                 two first year programming subjects was restructured
                 and redesigned. The progress of the project was
                 monitored via direct observation, email and the World
                 Wide Web. An improvement in the percentage of students
                 who achieved very good results marked the project as a
                 success.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Beheshti:1997:ISC,
  author =       "Mohsen Beheshti and Bill Waller",
  title =        "Instructional software for closed laboratories in
                 {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "40--41",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268833",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The purpose of this paper is to describe the
                 instructional software that is used on our campus to
                 support closed laboratories in CS1. In addition to
                 promoting the general benefits gained from closed labs,
                 it has been highly successful at: encouraging
                 collaborative learning; providing a consistent and
                 user-friendly lab environment, providing instructors a
                 software tool for creating new labs or editing existing
                 labs; providing instructors a means for easily adapting
                 lab materials to individual preferences; and permitting
                 instructors to integrate multimedia features into
                 laboratories.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1997:IDS,
  author =       "Deborah L. Knox",
  title =        "Integrating design and simulation into a computer
                 architecture course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "42--44",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268834",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes our experiences with closed
                 laboratories in a computer architecture course and
                 highlights the development of a capstone project. We
                 advocate the use of software as a cost effective means
                 of supporting analysis, design, and experimentation.
                 Improvements to the course in regards to content,
                 environment for learning, student perception, skills
                 accomplished and retained, and instructor involvement
                 are outlined. Several labs are summarized, including
                 the capstone project tying together all aspects of
                 machine organization. We conclude that integrating
                 design education into computer science with the logic
                 simulator lab approach is worthy of our continued
                 efforts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pilgrim:1997:CEM,
  author =       "C. J. Pilgrim and Y. K. Leung and D. D. Grant",
  title =        "Cost effective multimedia courseware development",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "45--50",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268835",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Multimedia technology offers considerable potential
                 for education though the costs of production of
                 courseware are prohibitive especially in a rapidly
                 changing discipline such as computer science. This
                 paper proposes a cost-effective technique which allows
                 multimedia courseware to be developed quickly and
                 economically. To illustrate this concept, courseware
                 material for an undergraduate Data Communications
                 subject has been implemented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Biffl:1997:TSE,
  author =       "Stefan Biffl and Thomas Grechenig",
  title =        "Teaching software engineering and project management
                 to 300 participants without drain of quality or
                 intensity",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "51--53",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268836",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The paper discusses the setting, goals, timing,
                 workload, organization, roles, and communication issues
                 of an established large-scale software engineering
                 workshop course. In order to assess trends of changes
                 introduced this year and success factors for the course
                 in general the technology support for the flow of work
                 products between distributed work places and the lab as
                 well as the integration and exchange of components in
                 the lab is illustrated. Experiences with work teams on
                 team building and distribution of work are summarized
                 briefly.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Erickson:1997:PPB,
  author =       "Carl Erickson and Paul Leidig",
  title =        "A pedagogical pattern for bringing service into the
                 curriculum via the {Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "54--56",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268837",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Web reduces the economic hurdles of publishing a
                 message to a large audience. This paper documents a
                 pedagogical pattern to integrate community service with
                 the curriculum. Students in two different computer
                 science courses teamed up to create websites for local
                 non profit organizations (NPOs). The projects provided
                 CS majors with real customers, the challenge of working
                 on an interdisciplinary team, an opportunity for
                 community service, and an opportunity to learn very new
                 technologies. For their part the NPOs gained a new
                 means of communicating their missions to the world. We
                 believe the potential for reuse of this pattern is high
                 and could benefit other schools and communities.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wester:1997:VPJ,
  author =       "Frank Wester and Marleen Sint and Peter Kluit",
  title =        "Visual programming with {Java}; an alternative
                 approach to introductory programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "57--58",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268838",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The appearance of the programming language Java and
                 visual programming environments based on this language
                 give new opportunities to teach introductory
                 programming to university students. The authors are
                 working on a new set of programming courses starting
                 with Visual Programming. In this course the
                 possibilities of visual programming environments are
                 used to teach programming in an application oriented
                 way with more emphasis on building user interfaces and
                 using standard class libraries. Less attention is paid
                 to algorithms. Because the applications in the course
                 are of general interest, the course is suited for a
                 broader audience than computer science students only.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Naps:1997:AVW,
  author =       "Thomas L. Naps",
  title =        "Algorithm visualization on the {World Wide Web} ---
                 the difference {Java} makes!",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "59--61",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268839",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Using algorithm visualization, we can depict the
                 execution of an algorithm as a sequence of graphical
                 snapshots, the viewing of which is controlled by the
                 user. Such visualizations can be a tremendous help to
                 students, but their use is limited by the constraints
                 of platform dependency. This constraint can now be
                 overcome by making algorithm visualizations
                 conveniently accessible on the World Wide Web. This
                 paper provides an overview of progress that has been
                 made in delivering interactive visualizations in
                 platform-independent fashion on the Web. In particular
                 the role played by Java in implementing one such system
                 is explored in depth.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ben-Ari:1997:DAJ,
  author =       "Mordechai Ben-Ari",
  title =        "Distributed algorithms in {Java}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "62--64",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268840",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We show how Java can be used to develop portable
                 implementations of distributed algorithms for class
                 demonstrations and laboratory exploration. The programs
                 can be used in two modes: (a) TCP/IP communications
                 over a net, or (b) applet-to-applet communications on a
                 single HTML page. The latter mode is important during
                 program development and can also be used if your lab
                 malfunctions or for homework assignments. Programs were
                 written for four distributed algorithms: Byzantine
                 generals, Ricart--Agrawala mutual exclusion,
                 Dijkstra--Scholten termination and Chandy-Lamport
                 snapshots.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Coninx:1997:DRI,
  author =       "K. Coninx and B. Daems and F. {Van Reeth} and E.
                 Flerackers",
  title =        "Design and realization of an interactive multimedia
                 server in education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "65--70",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268841",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The European project ELECTRA is concerned with the
                 introduction of multimedia / telematics support to
                 enhance the accessibility (local, regional and
                 international) of learning material and to promote
                 collaborative work. For the purpose of this paper we
                 concentrate on two workpackages in the Limburg
                 University Centre. The Interactive Multimedia Server
                 workpackage focuses on the design of a generic platform
                 for the integration of different types of information
                 related to the learning process. Special attention is
                 given to management, integration and accessibility of
                 study material in an electronic environment. The other
                 workpackage investigates the use of the interactive
                 multimedia server in Medicine education.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dixon:1997:UNS,
  author =       "Michael W. Dixon and Tanya J. McGill and Johan M.
                 Karlsson",
  title =        "Using a network simulation package to teach the
                 client-server model",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "71--73",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268842",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The client-server model is fast becoming the most
                 common form of network architecture used in data
                 communications. It's popularity can be seen in the
                 phenomenal expansion of the World Wide Web. It is
                 essential that students understand the client-server
                 model, and that they learn how to design client-server
                 networks and to analyze their performance. This paper
                 describes a project to achieve this via problem solving
                 sessions using simulation to facilitate understanding
                 of the design and performance analysis of networks
                 using a client-server architecture. Students will be
                 able to gain experience designing client-server
                 networks and testing their designs for efficiency and
                 expandability.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Proulx:1997:RGC,
  author =       "Viera K. Proulx",
  title =        "Recursion and grammars for {CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "74--76",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268843",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A programming exercise on recursion in which students
                 create drawings of simple and bracketed Lindenmayer
                 Systems provides a context for exploring additional
                 computer science concepts. The resulting drawings give
                 students a better understanding of the power of
                 recursion as well as the rate of growth of time
                 complexity with multiple successive recursive calls. We
                 describe the exercise, the concepts that need to be
                 addressed to solve the problems, and the results of
                 using this exercise in our classes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Feldman:1997:CPC,
  author =       "Michael B. Feldman and Bruce D. Bachus",
  title =        "Concurrent programming {CAN} be introduced into the
                 lower-level undergraduate curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "77--79",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268844",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "There have been selected cases of satisfactorily
                 teaching undergraduates the topic of concurrent
                 programming. However, these reported experiences did
                 not validate nor invalidate the feasibility claim as
                 they did not provide statistical evidence and validity
                 threat acknowledgments. Prior to this study, there have
                 not been any controlled experiments to address the
                 feasibility of introducing concurrent programming into
                 the curriculum. Unfortunately, in curriculum
                 development, it is seldom that we make decisions based
                 on experimentation. We conducted a controlled
                 experiment to determine whether introducing concurrent
                 programming into the novice or lower-level
                 undergraduate curriculum is possible. The experimental
                 hypotheses examined concurrent programming from a
                 concepts perspective and a problem-solving perspective.
                 We conducted a detailed analysis of both internal and
                 external validity threats to assess not only the
                 validity, but the generalizability of the findings. The
                 findings provide scientific evidence that introducing
                 concurrent programming into the novice or lower-level
                 undergraduate curriculum is possible.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Taylor:1997:UOS,
  author =       "Jacqueline Taylor",
  title =        "Using online seminars to demonstrate the social
                 psychological impacts of computer-mediated
                 communication systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "80--84",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268845",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper reports an evaluation of students'
                 experiences when seminars were conducted asynchronously
                 using a text-based computer-conferencing system. The
                 primary aim was for students to experience and consider
                 the effects of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) on
                 inter-personal interaction. Specifically, students were
                 encouraged to consider how an understanding of these
                 effects could be used to inform the design and
                 implementation of CMC systems. Students were also
                 encouraged to think about the differences between users
                 in communication skills and preferences and to consider
                 how these impact on the use and perception of CMC. The
                 results showed that students experienced some of the
                 effects of CMC (e.g., flaming and more balanced
                 participation) and 79\% indicated that participating in
                 the seminars had helped them to understand the
                 potential impact of CMC on interaction. Also,
                 individual communication differences significantly
                 correlated with perceptions of the seminars. For
                 example, extrovert students perceived the seminar
                 discussions as less satisfying and less enjoyable than
                 traditional seminars, while self-conscious students
                 perceived the seminars as more involving. Some
                 recommendations are suggested for conducting future
                 computer-mediated seminars and for further research.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jawary:1997:II,
  author =       "Anita Jawary and Christiana Birchak and Susan Strack
                 Vargo",
  title =        "International initiative",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "85--87",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268846",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In 1996, students from Monash University, Indiana
                 University and the University of Houston-Downtown (UHD)
                 participated in a joint communication project using
                 e-mail. The groups were of diverse cultural backgrounds
                 and ranged from freshmen to mature age students. The
                 international initiative was a valuable lesson in
                 intercultural and computer-mediated communication.
                 While Monash students discovered the limits of
                 technology, the US students were thrilled to use it and
                 found technology to influence intercultural
                 perceptions. This paper explains the nature of the
                 assignment from the vantage point of each group of
                 students and briefly sketches some learning outcomes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Palme:1997:UCC,
  author =       "Jacob Palme and Sirkku M{\"a}nnik{\"o}",
  title =        "Use of computer conferencing to teach a course on
                 humans and computers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "88--90",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268847",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A course with the name ``Humans, society and
                 computers'' was given using a non-simultaneous computer
                 conferencing system (BBS system).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Houle:1997:EPV,
  author =       "Michael E. Houle",
  title =        "Ethics, programming, and virtual environments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "91--93",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268848",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We have devised a novel experiential approach to
                 teaching students about the social impact of computers
                 and the ethical, legal, and social responsibilities of
                 computing professionals. Rather than teaching these
                 topics in a traditional classroom manner, we teach them
                 in a text-based online virtual educational environment.
                 At the same time we use the environment's
                 object-oriented design to instruct the students in
                 object-oriented concepts, and to introduce them to
                 software engineering by having them work in groups. The
                 approach is proving extremely successful.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Price:1997:TPT,
  author =       "Blaine Price and Marian Petre",
  title =        "Teaching programming through paperless assignments: an
                 empirical evaluation of instructor feedback",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "94--99",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268849",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper considers how facilities afforded by
                 electronic assignment handling can contribute to the
                 quality of Internet-based teaching of programming. It
                 reports a study comparing the nature, form, and quality
                 of feedback provided by instructors on 90 paper and
                 electronic assignments in an introductory Computing
                 course and notes effective strategies for electronic
                 marking.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rosbottom:1997:CMO,
  author =       "John Rosbottom",
  title =        "Computer managed, open question, open book
                 assessment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "100--102",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268850",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the development and use of
                 practical examinations which include a significant
                 element of software control of the administrative
                 process. The educational methodology is novel in that
                 the assessment is 'open question'. This means that
                 students are given a set of practical exercises some
                 weeks in advance of the date of the examination. The
                 examination is also 'open book' so that students can
                 consult various sources of information to help them
                 complete the task. However the 'open book' element is
                 restricted to prevent students accessing pre-prepared
                 solutions. The computer system manages several elements
                 of the assessment process.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wolz:1997:MMI,
  author =       "Ursula Wolz and Daniel Domen and Michael McAuliffe",
  title =        "Multi-media integrated into {CS} 2: an interactive
                 children's story as a unifying class project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "103--110",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268851",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An interactive children's story is presented as a
                 unifying class project for CS 2. Curricular topics
                 include: data and algorithm abstraction, project
                 dynamics (team work, software engineering and ethics),
                 multi-media techniques, and hypermedia story telling.
                 We encompass alternative learning styles by fostering
                 collaborative team work, and promoting the big picture
                 over esoteric detail. Students receive a detailed
                 design document, extensive code libraries, and graphic,
                 sound and video files. A story board gives them ample
                 room for individual creativity and whimsy. The project
                 is implemented in C++. This paper describes curricular
                 goals, articulates management concerns and summarizes
                 our past experiences.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Theotokis:1997:VVI,
  author =       "Dimitrios Theotokis and George Gyftodimos and
                 Panagiotis Georgiadis and George Philokyprou",
  title =        "{VIBDaST}: a virtual interactive book as a data
                 structures teaching aid",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "111--113",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268852",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Internet based teaching is well established under
                 various contexts. WWW based virtual interactive books
                 are used for this purpose. Using WWW browsers students
                 can study such books locally or remotely. Enhanced by
                 Java$^{TM}$ applets, such books provide an interactive
                 as well as a traditional approach to learning. Examples
                 and exercises implemented as applets cater for both
                 observation and exploration. Such a book, addressing
                 the topic of data structures, is being developed as a
                 teaching aid for a first year Computer Science
                 students. Theory is presented in a hyperlinked textual
                 form thus realising cross references, while examples
                 and exercises are visualised as interactive Java$^{TM}$
                 applets.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Moser:1997:FAG,
  author =       "Robert Moser",
  title =        "A fantasy adventure game as a learning environment:
                 why learning to program is so difficult and what can be
                 done about it",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "114--116",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268853",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A number of factors contribute to the difficulty of
                 learning computer programming, and by examining some of
                 these factors we can hope to design an environment that
                 is more conducive to the learning process. I analyse
                 some of these problems and find that one possible
                 solution is to embed the educational content into a
                 fantasy adventure game. Designing an educational game
                 is, however, fraught with difficulties beyond those
                 normally associated with writing such a program, as
                 there are conflicts between educational and
                 entertainment goals. Described are a few of these
                 conflicts from the early stages of my project, and the
                 compromises that they have engendered.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Meisalo:1997:CTD,
  author =       "V. Meisalo and E. Sutinen and J. Tarhio",
  title =        "{CLAP}: teaching data structures in a creative way",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "117--119",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268854",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "CLAP is a pedagogical approach for Computer Science
                 education, applied here especially to laboratory
                 courses. CLAP or Creative Lab with Active Participation
                 provides an open learning environment, utilizing
                 creative problem solving methods. For successful
                 learning, CLAP emphasizes group processes. Pilot
                 courses using CLAP were carried out during the Fall
                 Semester of 1996 and the Spring Semester of 1997.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cizmar:1997:CSR,
  author =       "Dawn Cizmar",
  title =        "{CS} student research experience applied to developing
                 instructional technology",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "120--126",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268855",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "CS undergraduate research in a cooperative development
                 effort is described. Significant experience in current
                 technology was gained by creating an instructional
                 unit. CS students directly applied research skills, and
                 measured learning effectiveness in a controlled study.
                 The work includes research, application, evaluation,
                 model for future work, and presentation. It also
                 provided a learning aid for general students, an
                 interactive tutorial on elementary gate-level logic.
                 JavaScript and HTML were used to rapidly develop this
                 prototype. It was student-tested by student
                 researchers, and served several objectives in a
                 computer science course. Data on student performance
                 was collected and analyzed. Positive results were
                 obtained, indicating a model for further development.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goldberg:1997:WFY,
  author =       "Murray W. Goldberg",
  title =        "{WebCT} and first year: student reaction to and use of
                 a {Web}-based resource in first year computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "127--129",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268856",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Our previous experiments with the World Wide Web (WWW)
                 as an educational resource focused on a third year
                 Computer Science course. The results were very positive
                 showing a high degree of student satisfaction and
                 improved academic performance. Our intuition, however,
                 made us question whether the same would be true for a
                 first year course given that the students are new to
                 the university environment and often less willing to
                 participate in class. Thus we performed an experiment
                 comparing the difference between third and first year
                 students in their reaction to and use of educational
                 technologies. Overall we have found the use and
                 acceptance of these resources to be higher for our
                 third year students than for our first.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Makkonen:1997:DCH,
  author =       "Pekka Makkonen",
  title =        "Does collaborative hypertext support better engagement
                 in learning of the basics in informatics?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "130--132",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268857",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Hypertext is a powerful cognitive tool supporting
                 knowledge construction. We organized two courses about
                 the basics in informatics using collaborative hypertext
                 (experimental groups) based on the hyperbooks built by
                 the students participating in the courses.
                 Simultaneously, we ran two courses without
                 collaborative hypertext (control groups). The study
                 found that collaborative hypertext affects motivation
                 equally regarding most themes of the basics in
                 informatics. The result reflects the need for
                 traditional uncomputerized learning methods in the
                 basics of informatics or the need to concentrate on
                 improving the truthfulness of hypertext-based learning.
                 However, some students may benefit from collaborative
                 hypertext under all circumstances.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jerinic:1997:OME,
  author =       "Ljubomir Jerinic and Vladan Devedzic",
  title =        "{OBOA} model of explanation module in intelligent
                 tutoring shell",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "133--135",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268858",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The important characteristics of any intelligent
                 systems are the possibilities of explanation. So, any
                 software product which intend to be intelligent must
                 provide some kind of explanation, i.e., explanation of
                 some conclusions, explanation of new knowledge
                 (theorem), etc. As Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs)
                 intend to be intelligent software, the explanation
                 feature must be provided in ITSs. In this paper, we
                 will briefly survey how we realized the explanation
                 properties and features in Intelligent Tutoring System
                 (ITS) shell called EduSof. The OBOA
                 ({OBject}-{Oriented} {Abstraction}) model for
                 representing the knowledge, interaction within that
                 knowledge and actions on that knowledge is used for the
                 model of explanation, the transitions and the
                 interactions features in EduSof shell.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Boulet:1997:DLM,
  author =       "Marie-Mich{\`e}le Boulet",
  title =        "Distance learning of the management of software
                 projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "136--138",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.268859",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, the content of the television distance
                 education course Management of software projects is
                 presented. The course is linked with the undergraduate
                 program of computer science from University Laval. The
                 first part of this paper comments on the needs analysis
                 that drives us to design and develop this kind of
                 distance learning material. The second part gives an
                 idea of the knowledge that students must acquire and
                 describe the use of television programs to share parts
                 of the professional lives of forty experienced managers
                 of software projects.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Berghel:1997:YLA,
  author =       "Hal Berghel and Cathleen Norris and Elliot Soloway and
                 Harriet Taylor and Joe Turner",
  title =        "You learned all you need to design educational
                 software design in kindergarten (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "139",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.269992",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Owens:1997:CCS,
  author =       "Barbara Boucher Owens and Shirley Booth and Marian
                 Petre and Anders Berglund",
  title =        "Changing computer science curricula (panel): planning
                 for the future",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "139--140",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.269995",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schaller:1997:UJC,
  author =       "Nan C. Schaller and Michael Berman and Judith Bishop
                 and Paddy Nixon and Evelyn Rozanski and Peter Welch",
  title =        "Using {Java} in computer science education (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "140--142",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.269996",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1997:DLM,
  author =       "Deborah L. Knox and Daniel T. Joyce",
  title =        "Designing laboratory materials for computing courses
                 (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "143",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.269998",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Naps:1997:UWD,
  author =       "Thomas Naps",
  title =        "Using the {WWW} as the delivery mechanism for
                 interactive, visualization-based instructional modules
                 (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "143",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.270000",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Granger:1997:UII,
  author =       "Mary J. Granger and Joyce Currie Little",
  title =        "Using {IT} to integrate societal and ethical issues in
                 the {CS\slash IS} curriculum (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "144",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.270006",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lawhead:1997:WDL,
  author =       "Pamela B. Lawhead",
  title =        "The {Web} and distance learning (panel): what is
                 appropriate and what is not",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "144",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.270003",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Petre:1997:HTE,
  author =       "Marian Petre and Douglas Siviter",
  title =        "Harnessing technology for effective inter\slash
                 intra-institutional collaboration (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "145",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.270009",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wolz:1997:CMC,
  author =       "Ursula Wolz and Jacob Palme",
  title =        "Computer mediated communication in collaborative
                 educational settings (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "145",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.270008",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Impagliazzo:1997:PIC,
  author =       "John Impagliazzo and Michael Goldweber",
  title =        "Perspectives on innovations in the computing
                 curriculum (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "146",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/268809.270012",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rasala:1997:DIC,
  author =       "Richard Rasala",
  title =        "Design issues in computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "4--7",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271137",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Martin:1997:WCE,
  author =       "C. Dianne Martin",
  title =        "What is computer ethics?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "8--9",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271138",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gotterbarn:1997:OE,
  author =       "Don Gotterbarn",
  title =        "An ``off by one'' error",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "10--11",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271139",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lee:1997:HCS,
  author =       "John A. N. Lee",
  title =        "History in the computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "12--13",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271140",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clear:1997:CCA,
  author =       "Tony Clear",
  title =        "Coupling and cohesion among disciplines: some
                 curriculum paradigms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "14--16",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271141",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gorgone:1997:MUC,
  author =       "John T. Gorgone and Gordon Davis and J. Daniel Couger
                 and David L. Feinstein and Herbert E. {Longenecker,
                 Jr.}",
  title =        "Model undergraduate curriculum guidelines for {I.S}.
                 programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "16--17",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271142",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartman:1997:UEN,
  author =       "Janet Hartman",
  title =        "Undergraduate education and the National Science
                 Foundation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "18--19",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271143",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCauley:1997:CSE,
  author =       "Ren{\'e}e A. McCauley",
  title =        "Computer science education links",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "19--20",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271144",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1997:EAL,
  author =       "Deborah L. Knox",
  title =        "Enhancing accessibility of lab materials",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "20--21",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271145",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1997:RVS,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker",
  title =        "A racquetball or volleyball simulation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "22--23",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271146",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gersting:1997:PAT,
  author =       "Judith L. Gersting and Frank H. Young",
  title =        "Project-after they are finished",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "24",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271147",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clear:1997:NCA,
  author =       "Tony Clear",
  title =        "The nature of cognition and action",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "25--29",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271148",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Addison:1997:TCS,
  author =       "Paul Addison",
  title =        "Teaching computer science without a computer",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "30--33",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271149",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "``The Computer in Action'' is a role-playing activity
                 developed by the Computer Science Outreach program at
                 Purdue University, in which students process
                 instructions and data in the same way that a real
                 computer does. Students play the roles of Keyboarder,
                 Bus Driver, CPU (The Brains), Math Wizard, Memory
                 Manager, Print Manager, Screen Writer and User,
                 carrying cards with instructions, values and messages
                 to and from the Input, Processing and Output stations.
                 The activity is designed for students in Kindergarten
                 through Grade 3.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Baldwin:1997:FPC,
  author =       "Doug Baldwin",
  title =        "Finding a place for computer-equipped lectures in a
                 lab-rich environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "34--37",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271150",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Many computer science courses are taught via a
                 combination of lectures and laboratories; many of the
                 lectures use a room equipped with a computer and data
                 projector. But such lecture halls create a problem for
                 instructors: how to use the lecture-hall computer for
                 more than poor approximations to experiences students
                 could have working one-on-one with a computer in the
                 laboratory. One solution is to use computers in lecture
                 halls as tools for collecting and archiving
                 information, much of it generated by students (via
                 methods such as questions, discussions, and group
                 exercises). My initial experience using a lecture-hall
                 computer in this manner was a great success.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barnes:1997:SAQ,
  author =       "David Barnes",
  title =        "Students Asking Questions: Facilitating Questioning
                 Aids Understanding and Enhances Software Engineering
                 Skills",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "38--41",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271151",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Techreports/UKent.bib;
                 http://www.cs.kent.ac.uk/pubs/1997/524",
  abstract =     "By providing a means to ask questions anonymously, we
                 provide a non-threatening environment in which students
                 are encouraged to fully understand and criticise their
                 assignments. As well as providing practical assistance
                 for those who are struggling with course work, it
                 demonstrates a practical reinforcement of ideas that
                 are commonly taught in courses on software engineering,
                 but it does so in a context that they can directly
                 relate to --- their desire to achieve good grades. The
                 approach is based around the use of an HTML form to
                 enable the anonymous submission of questions to staff
                 and the dynamic refinement of assignment
                 specifications. Examples of its use in a course on
                 object-oriented design and C++ are given.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "anonymous software engineering skills asking questions
                 learning",
}

@Article{Dorin:1997:PPE,
  author =       "Philip M. Dorin",
  title =        "Practice + paradigms: experience with a first-year
                 programming workshop",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "42--44",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271152",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Villadeamigo:1997:EES,
  author =       "Jos{\'e} M. P{\'e}rez Villadeamigo and Santiago
                 Rodr{\'\i}guez de la Fuente and Rafael M{\'e}ndez
                 Cavanillas and M. Isabel Garc{\'\i}a Clemente",
  title =        "The em88110: emulating a superscalar processor",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "45--50",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271153",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Assembly programming is a very important topic to
                 teach computer architecture. Current computers include
                 special techniques to improve performance such as
                 pipeline and multiple instruction issue per cycle. But
                 these kinds of computers are difficult to use in
                 laboratory works because of the great amount of details
                 of the target computer architecture that are not
                 relevant to beginners. Hence, we decided to build a
                 configurable emulator of a superscalar processor to
                 create a wide set of laboratory works, from the
                 simplest one that uses the computer as a serial
                 processor to the most complex that uses the full set of
                 performance improvements of a superscalar computer.
                 Most of the computer parameters can be established by
                 the student or the teacher providing a virtual machine
                 that is easier to use. Students can do their laboratory
                 work without taking into account the additional
                 problems generated by a real computer.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Leach:1997:SEU,
  author =       "Ronald J. Leach",
  title =        "Some experiences using the {Internet} for a software
                 development project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "51--53",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271154",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "It is becoming increasingly common for industry and
                 government to use either internal or public networks to
                 coordinate their software development practices.
                 Students should be introduced to this approach during
                 their education. In this paper we describe some
                 experiences using the Internet to coordinate a class
                 software development project.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Macpherson:1997:TSP,
  author =       "P. A. Macpherson",
  title =        "A technique for student program submission on {UNIX}
                 systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "54--56",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271155",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents a new scheme for collecting
                 student programs and redistributing grades using simple
                 UNIX scripts. Students keep their work in their own
                 private subdirectories within a directory dedicated to
                 a single class. When a program is due, control of the
                 areas and files contained within them are passed over
                 to the instructor. This locks the programs from
                 alteration and provides a strict form of
                 accountability. When the programs are graded, control
                 of the area is returned to the individual student with
                 the grade file both mailed to the student and left in a
                 file readable by the student. Such a flexible framework
                 has been used for a variety of languages and by
                 students of varying levels of computing experience.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gates:1997:WFD,
  author =       "Ann Q. Gates and Vladik Kreinovich",
  title =        "Why is a function defined as set of ordered pairs?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "57",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271156",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this short note, we describe the reasoning that
                 makes the standard mathematical definition of a
                 function (as a set of ordered pairs) more natural for
                 students in an introduction to computer science
                 course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Diz:1997:HCS,
  author =       "Paloma D{\'\i}z and Ignacio Aedo",
  title =        "A hypermedia course in {Spanish} informatics
                 engineering",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "58--61",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271157",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Public and private companies are continuously asking
                 to the Professional Orientation Service of the
                 University Carlos III de Madrid for technical engineers
                 in informatics trained in areas related to hypermedia
                 technology. For this reason, the Department of Computer
                 Science of UC3M decided to create a new course, called
                 ``Hypermedia Systems: Design and Evaluation,'' with a
                 view to covering this subject applying basic principles
                 of software engineering and HCI. This paper describes
                 the structure and contents of this new course oriented
                 towards introducing students in hypermedia systems and
                 also presents our experience as the teachers of such
                 course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Astrachan:1997:RAP,
  author =       "Owen L. Astrachan and Gail Chapman and Susan H. Rodger
                 and Mark Allen Weiss",
  title =        "The reasoning for the advanced placement {C++}
                 subset",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "29",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "62--65",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/271125.271158",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 18:57:42 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The programming language used for the Advanced
                 Placement Computer Science (AP CS) courses and
                 examinations will change from Pascal to C++ beginning
                 with the 1998-1999 academic year. This decision,
                 proposed by the AP Computer Science Development
                 Committee and approved by the College Board, was made
                 in 1994. The 5-year transition period was crucial in
                 defining a C++ subset and providing time for the high
                 school teachers teaching AP CS to attend professional
                 development activities. In [1], the authors appear to
                 misunderstand the reasoning and the forces that helped
                 define the AP C++ subset. This paper attempts to
                 correct those.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Palakal:1998:ILE,
  author =       "Mathew J. Palakal and Frederick W. Myers and Carla L.
                 Boyd",
  title =        "An interactive learning environment for breadth-first
                 computing science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1--5",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273135",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Developing a learning supplement to support the
                 breadth-first computer science curriculum and taking
                 advantage of emerging technologies to provide
                 interactive, demand-driven simulations which enhance
                 comprehension of abstract concepts in computer science
                 resulted in the PACER (Personally Active Computing
                 Exploration Resource) project. Development of this
                 educational tool includes three fundamental objectives:
                 simulation and experimentation, connection to
                 supplementary information, and delivery to a wide
                 audience across multiple computer platforms. All three
                 objectives are required to support the educational
                 demands of students who struggle with difficult
                 theoretical material, seek access to information
                 round-the-clock from home and work and use a variety of
                 computer platforms. The PACER system meets learners'
                 needs of repetition and visual simulation of complex
                 ideas. It also offers the ability to pursue education
                 from remote locations making accessible resources never
                 before available. The interactive design of PACER
                 encourages self-directed learning. It also challenges
                 and supports commuting adults, students with
                 disabilities, and traditional students to pursue fields
                 of quantitative reasoning. Unlike traditional WWW-based
                 learning environments, the PACER pages support
                 interactive learning sessions as well as simulations
                 with animation capabilities. The hierarchical
                 organization of Web pages allows the PACER system to
                 have learning modules that are inter-linked which in
                 turn supports ``demand-driven'' learning. This feature
                 allows PACER to be an active learning tool.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Reed:1998:IPS,
  author =       "David Reed",
  title =        "Incorporating problem-solving patterns in {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6--9",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273137",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In [Wall96], Wallingford describes an approach to
                 introductory courses that is based on programming
                 patterns, i.e., algorithms or problem-solving
                 approaches that can be applied to various applications.
                 By focusing on patterns such as ``Input-Process-Test''
                 or ``Process all items in a collection'', students
                 reason at a higher-level of abstraction when solving
                 problems. In addition, code schema can be provided
                 which apply to certain patterns, and these schema then
                 serve as frameworks for program development. (See also
                 [Rist89], [Coad92], and [GHJV95].)Closely related to
                 the patterns approach is the use of themes in a
                 programming course. Selecting a particular idea (such
                 as self-reference [Astr94]), methodology (such as
                 formal specifications [MH96]), or application domain
                 (such as databases [AR95]) provides a framework for
                 learning new techniques and concepts. Once a concept
                 has been studied in one context, new applications which
                 similarly utilize that concept can be understood more
                 easily. This paper describes the use of a particular
                 problem-solving pattern, binary reduction, as a
                 recurring theme in the CS1 course. Other
                 problem-solving approaches, such as divide-and-conquer
                 or generate-and-test, could similarly be used. By
                 introducing problem-solving patterns early in the
                 course and then revisiting them in different contexts,
                 students learn to look for common characteristics in
                 problems, and to use an existing solution as a
                 framework for solving related problems. Perhaps more
                 importantly, understanding the behavior of one problem
                 solution can simplify the analysis of other problem
                 solutions based on the same pattern.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Adams:1998:CIO,
  author =       "Joel C. Adams",
  title =        "Chance-It: an object-oriented capstone project for
                 {CS}-1",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "10--14",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273140",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Most people enjoy playing games. Most CS-1 students
                 will enjoy a final project that involves computational
                 game-playing. Chance-It is a simple two-person dice
                 game with many possible strategies at varying levels of
                 sophistication and complexity. These features make the
                 problem of formalizing and encoding a strategy to play
                 Chance-It an interesting final project for CS-1.This
                 paper describes an object-oriented final project for
                 CS-1 in which students build Player1 and Player2
                 classes to play Chance-It. A ChanceItGame class and
                 driver are provided to coordinate the interactions of
                 these classes. The project provides students with an
                 enjoyable introduction to object-oriented design and
                 the problem of formalizing and codifying human strategy
                 in software. Examples are given in C++, but convert
                 easily to Java.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCauley:1998:CSD,
  author =       "Ren{\'e}e McCauley and Bill Manaris",
  title =        "Computer science degree programs: what do they look
                 like? {A} report on the annual survey of accredited
                 programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "15--19",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273141",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents information from a survey of
                 departments offering accredited computer science degree
                 programs. It discusses demographic information related
                 to curricula, faculty, and students for all such
                 programs, and identifies various trends based on these
                 data. These results are of interest and use to all
                 accredited and non-accredited programs alike, since
                 they facilitate monitoring and comparisons among
                 individual degree programs in the nation in terms of
                 curriculum issues, faculty composition and salaries,
                 student enrollment and graduation rates.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Toll:1998:DCC,
  author =       "Bill Toll",
  title =        "The distributed course --- a curriculum design
                 paradigm",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "20--24",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273142",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One of the curriculum design problems facing computer
                 science is the pressure to add new courses to cover
                 additional topics. Often there is no curriculum space
                 available. In some cases, the topics are covered more
                 effectively by distributing them among a set of
                 courses. However, when parts of a topic, such as
                 parallel processing or scientific visualization, are
                 distributed among a set of courses, additional problems
                 arise in areas of coordination and consistency of
                 coverage. A curriculum design paradigm is presented
                 which seeks to formalize the distribution of a course
                 in such a way that the integrity of the topics is
                 maintained and documented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cupper:1998:CSP,
  author =       "Robert D. Cupper",
  title =        "Computer science: a proposed alternative track-applied
                 computing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "25--29",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273151",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A traditional computer science program, in the liberal
                 arts tradition and environment, has been in existence
                 at Allegheny College for many years. The program was
                 designed and adopted in 1979 [6] and the ideas and
                 structure of that program became a substantial
                 contribution to the LACS ``Model Curriculum'' developed
                 in the early '80s and reported in [12]. In both of
                 these cases, a concerted effort was made to identify
                 and establish just what computer science is and design
                 a curriculum to ensure that its graduates were well
                 grounded in basic concepts and skills, the central core
                 of the discipline, and some advanced or application
                 areas. The Allegheny curriculum underwent minor changes
                 in 1990 in conjunction with the College's adoption of a
                 new base curriculum and calendar. The LACS model
                 curriculum was revisited in the early '90s following
                 publication of ACM's Computing Curricula 1991 [1]
                 resulting in a ``Revised Model Curriculum'' published
                 in late 1996. [16].All of these efforts were based on
                 the certainty that computer science had ``evolved into
                 an important academic discipline with a unique core of
                 knowledge, a set of basic questions and problems, and a
                 distinct method of approach to analysis of those
                 problems.'' [6], p. 1. The Allegheny and LACS models
                 were specifically designed to fit into and enhance a
                 traditional liberal arts curriculum [7]. To this end,
                 the goals or objectives of these programs were, above
                 all, to provide for a good liberal education in
                 computer science as a discipline. In particular, the
                 programs were designed to ensure that the student
                 obtains a solid academic base for further study or upon
                 which to build a long-term successful career in
                 computing. Specifically, successful completion of a
                 course of study in computer science following these
                 curricular guidelines ought to:1. enable the graduate
                 to understand the capabilities, limitations, and
                 ramifications of computing, the state of the art, and
                 current research and development in computer science
                 and related areas; 2. to provide the potential for
                 creative contribution to the art; 3. to facilitate
                 adaptation to changes in hardware and/or software
                 technology and to new and changing applications areas;
                 4. to prepare one for further study in computer science
                 at the graduate level; and 5. to prepare a student for
                 distinguished professional development in a career in
                 computing, or, in fact, many other areas. [6], p 8.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Concepcion:1998:UOO,
  author =       "Arturo I. Concepcion",
  title =        "Using an object-oriented software life-cycle model in
                 the software engineering course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "30--34",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273152",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An object-oriented software life-cycle model, the
                 Modified Spiral Model, was successfully used as the
                 software process in the software engineering course in
                 the Department of Computer Science, California State
                 University, San Bernardino. The model lends itself
                 quite naturally to the object-oriented approach of
                 producing software systems in the iterative and
                 incremental manner. The software engineering class is
                 run like a virtual software company which is composed
                 of teams and team leaders where performance is measured
                 on being able to submit the software deliverables and
                 the success of the task(s) assigned to the team. The
                 paper reports on the implementation of the software
                 project, Algorithma (Algorithm Animation), in the
                 virtual software company using the Modified Spiral
                 Model.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dingle:1998:EOO,
  author =       "Adair Dingle and David Umphress and Russ Moul",
  title =        "Explication of object-oriented databases: a software
                 engineering perspective",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "35--39",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273155",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The growing use of Object-Oriented Databases (OODBs)
                 has necessitated the inclusion of OODBs in introductory
                 database courses. Typically, such an analysis is
                 conducted after the explication of the dominant
                 industry standard: the Relational Database model (RDB).
                 Like the RDB model, the OODB model can be easily
                 motivated. Unlike the RDB model, an established data
                 model with defined normal forms, the OODB model cannot
                 be easily evaluated for ``goodness''. We address this
                 deficiency by examining the criteria of coupling and
                 cohesion in database design. This approach affords the
                 instructor the ability to better present OODBs as well
                 as the opportunity to re-emphasize critical software
                 engineering concepts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Villarreal:1998:GCS,
  author =       "E. E. Villarreal and Dennis Butler",
  title =        "Giving computer science students real-world
                 experience",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "40--44",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273157",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Class assignments should have more relevance to the
                 real world. There is not enough time to have a
                 realistic project in a class, but a realistic project
                 would give the students a taste of the real world. We
                 attacked this problem by merging two classes,
                 Introduction to Database Systems and Software
                 Engineering I, thereby allowing enough time for a more
                 meaningful final project. We chose to use a loosely
                 coupled approach to merging our classes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bergmann:1998:UIC,
  author =       "Seth Bergmann",
  title =        "Using inheritance for computing with physical
                 quantities: an interdisciplinary project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "45--47",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273159",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper involves an interdisciplinary project in
                 computer science and physics. Students in introductory
                 physics courses need to be able to deal with
                 dimensioned quantities (often called ``dimensional
                 analysis''), and to solve problems using the correct
                 units for various physical quantities. Computer science
                 students need to understand concepts of object-oriented
                 programming, including the notion of inheritance. In
                 this paper we present a project in which physical
                 quantities such as distance, time, mass, speed, force,
                 power, etc. are represented as objects. The student
                 designing the classes can ensure that the client always
                 combines quantities in an appropriate fashion (e.g., a
                 force must be computed as a mass multiplied by an
                 acceleration). The student designing the classes can
                 also allow the client to compute physical quantities
                 using different units (e.g., the addition of three
                 distances: 1 inch + 2 meters + 3 feet). This is done by
                 defining subclasses Meters, Miles, and Feet, all of
                 which inherit from the class Distance, thus providing
                 the student with a nice example of the proper use of
                 inheritance. The relevant classes, with test driver
                 software, have been implemented and are available at
                 the URL: http://www.rowan.edu/~bergmann The software
                 has been implemented in both C++ and Java, though this
                 paper will use the C++ version in its exposition.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Proulx:1998:TSC,
  author =       "Viera K. Proulx",
  title =        "Traffic simulation: a case study for teaching object
                 oriented design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "48--52",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273160",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In teaching object oriented design, it is important
                 for students to work on projects that use a variety of
                 design patterns, interaction between objects, and
                 provide the opportunity to explore design options in a
                 realistic setting. Originally, object oriented
                 languages have been designed for use in building
                 simulations. We use a familiar simulation of a traffic
                 through an intersection, controlled by a traffic light
                 as a framework for teaching various aspects of object
                 oriented design. We present this project and show how
                 it illustrates a variety of object oriented design
                 problems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dershem:1998:JCV,
  author =       "Herbert L. Dershem and James Vanderhyde",
  title =        "{Java} class visualization for teaching
                 object-oriented concepts",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "53--57",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273161",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Visualization is a useful tool in many areas of
                 computer science education. This paper describes the
                 use of visualization in the introduction of
                 object-oriented concepts. A Java application has been
                 developed that allows the user to interact with a
                 visualization of any Java class through the
                 instantiation of objects, the movement of those objects
                 around the class environment, and the activation of
                 class methods. The user may also move conveniently
                 between classes in this visualization. This Object
                 Visualizer is useful for classroom demonstration,
                 individual student use in the laboratory, and class
                 debugging and testing.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Townsend:1998:TLA,
  author =       "Gloria Childress Townsend",
  title =        "Turning liabilities into assets in a general education
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "58--62",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273162",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Debate concerning the content of the general education
                 Computer Science course or the ``Computer Literacy''
                 course captures the interest and divides the opinion of
                 the Computer Science community. This paper describes
                 three of the typical difficulties (liabilities) that
                 instructors of a general education course encounter and
                 how instructors may capitalize on these difficulties to
                 transform them into assets.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Joyce:1998:CPS,
  author =       "Daniel Joyce",
  title =        "The computer as a problem solving tool: a unifying
                 view for a non-majors course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "63--67",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273163",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "At Villanova University we have a popular course for
                 non-majors focused on problem solving with computers,
                 taught using our own lecture and lab materials. This
                 paper seeks to describe the essence of the problem
                 solving course by focusing on an assignment that is
                 given after the first unit of the course has been
                 completed. This assignment, writing an essay about how
                 someone uses a computer to solve a problem, requires
                 the application of most of the topics of the first
                 third of the course and is very representative of the
                 spirit of the course as a whole.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gurwitz:1998:IMT,
  author =       "Chaya Gurwitz",
  title =        "The {Internet} as a motivating theme in a math\slash
                 computer core course for nonmajors",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "68--72",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273164",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The challenge of a computer literacy course is to
                 present general principles of computer science, while
                 at the same time engaging students who are nonmajors
                 and demonstrating the relevance of the subject. In this
                 paper we describe our experience with a course that
                 uses the Internet as a motivating theme to introduce
                 students to fundamental concepts of computer science.
                 The students found the course interesting and were
                 visibly stimulated by the material. In comparison with
                 previous semesters, the students left the course with
                 more practical skills as well as a greater appreciation
                 of the interrelations between mathematics and computer
                 science.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Haller:1998:RWC,
  author =       "S. M. Haller and T. V. Fossum",
  title =        "Retaining women in {CS} with accessible role models",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "73--76",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273165",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The female role models presented to young women are
                 often unusual individuals who have overcome tremendous
                 social and political obstacles to pursue outstanding
                 careers in mathematics and science. We believe that
                 young women presented with these exceptional role
                 models may actually have their self-confidence
                 undermined because they cannot readily identify with
                 them. At the University of Wisconsin-Parkside
                 (UW-Parkside), we are implementing a project that will
                 employ our own upper-level female computer science (CS)
                 students as half of our laboratory staff in a CS
                 laboratory that is maintained and administrated by our
                 CS students. In this laboratory, women will be as much
                 in control as much as their male counterparts. This
                 non-threatening environment, where women play a
                 prominent role, will communicate to our beginning
                 female students that these roles are realistic and
                 obtainable by them in their college life and in the
                 workplace. We plan to offer our introductory CS
                 sequence to area high school students so that high
                 school girls can benefit from this same experience.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Haliburton:1998:GDP,
  author =       "William Haliburton and Mack Thweatt and Nancy J.
                 Wahl",
  title =        "Gender differences in personality components of
                 computer science students: a test of {Holland}'s
                 congruence hypothesis",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "77--81",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273166",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The problem of disproportional representation of
                 females in computer science curricula was examined in
                 the context of Holland's theory of vocational
                 personality. It was hypothesized that some combination
                 of standardized mathematical aptitude and congruence
                 would significantly predict achievement and persistence
                 in computer science.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Scragg:1998:SBW,
  author =       "Greg Scragg and Jesse Smith",
  title =        "A study of barriers to women in undergraduate computer
                 science.",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "82--86",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273167",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Worldwide, there is a significant discrepancy between
                 the numbers of male and female graduates from computer
                 science programs. SUNY Geneseo offers no exception. The
                 literature cites a number of plausible explanations for
                 the problem, but no definitive answers. We conducted a
                 study to determine why few women complete our own
                 computer science major. Our major finding is that (at
                 least on our campus) the problem is not actually one of
                 retention. Few women---even those in the introductory
                 computer science courses---actually plan to major in
                 computer science to begin with. Although some barriers
                 suggested in the literature do operate within the
                 major, they seem much less significant than the low
                 entry rates. Retention of women once they enter the
                 major is important, but it is secondary to getting
                 women into the major initially. This suggests that the
                 most effective solutions will be those that concentrate
                 not on retention but on recruitment (including outreach
                 to secondary schools).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barnett:1998:DII,
  author =       "Lewis Barnett and Joseph F. Kent and Justin Casp and
                 David Green",
  title =        "Design and implementation of an interactive tutorial
                 framework",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "87--91",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273168",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The work described in this paper is part of an NSF
                 funded project to develop tutorial materials for
                 introductory computer science courses. We had several
                 general goals for these materials that had an impact on
                 their design and implementation: $ \bullet $ they
                 should be delivered on-line; $ \bullet $ they should be
                 highly interactive; $ \bullet $ they should be useful
                 on a wide variety of hardware/software platforms; and $
                 \bullet $ it should be easy to extend the content to
                 different courses or contexts. In trying to meet these
                 goals we designed and implemented a package of Java
                 classes that provided a framework for creating our set
                 of tutorials, yet was general enough to be used in
                 other contexts such as interactive laboratories. This
                 paper describes the framework and the design decisions
                 that governed the implementation. Information about
                 obtaining the package is included in section 7.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cole:1998:UJD,
  author =       "David Cole and Roger Wainwright and Dale Schoenefeld",
  title =        "Using {Java} to develop {Web} based tutorials",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "92--96",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273169",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents the use of Java applets acting as
                 a web-based interface to existing, platform dependent
                 software tools. We present an example application
                 called GAWebTutor which was constructed from a
                 comprehensive genetic algorithm package and web-based
                 Java components. In effect, we packaged an interactive
                 genetic algorithms tutorial and made it available to
                 anyone on the WWW. Furthermore, by building a GUI front
                 end to an existing application in Java, we leveraged
                 browser technology to overcome platform compatibility
                 problems. A blending of Java and platform dependent
                 code can successfully create user friendly, portable,
                 more versatile applications that take full advantage of
                 all available software components. Using our approach,
                 educators can make their educational programs or other
                 software tools available to anyone through the WWW.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Zhao:1998:TTC,
  author =       "Yuan Zhao and John Lowther and Ching-Kuang Shene",
  title =        "A tool for teaching curve design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "97--101",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273170",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a tool for teaching curve design.
                 This tool is a component of the software tools to be
                 used in a computing with geometry course [3, 4] that is
                 being developed under the support of National Science
                 Foundation. Curve design is important in computer
                 graphics, animation, and computer aided design.
                 Unfortunately, curve design requires very involved
                 mathematics even though many curve design concepts are
                 intuitive. As a result, it has been a challenging job
                 for instructors teaching curves and surfaces in
                 computer graphics, computer aided design, and other
                 related courses. During past years, there have not been
                 very many efforts dedicated to curve design tool
                 development. Yen [7] produced a well-received video
                 program explaining important concepts of B-spline
                 curves and surfaces and Rockwood and Chambers [6]
                 published a multimedia tutorial on computer aided
                 geometric design. The former only provides a one-way
                 communication, while the latter restricts users to a
                 predefined environment with very limited interaction
                 for users to carry out experiments. To fill this gap,
                 our tool provides students with a fully interactive
                 environment in which they are free to design, modify,
                 and manipulate curved objects and perform experiments
                 without constraints. In the following, Section 2
                 presents design issues, Section 3 discusses general
                 features, Section 4 enumerates basic elements, Section
                 5 covers advanced topics, and Section 6 is our
                 conclusion. Interested readers should consult [1, 2, 5]
                 for mathematical background details.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barr:1998:NMS,
  author =       "Bob Barr and Sung Yoo and Tom Cheatham",
  title =        "Network monitoring system design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "102--106",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273171",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer networks can be very useful, but difficult to
                 manage. Current network management tools tend to be
                 either very expensive or inadequate for classroom
                 modification. XSNIFF is a project to develop an
                 alternative network monitoring tool with a graphical
                 display in the X-Window environment. XSNIFF uses an
                 efficient network packet filtering system developed by
                 Jacobson, Leres, and McCanne of Lawrence Berkeley
                 Laboratory[Jacobson, 1994], to receive all network
                 traffic from the network wire and then translate it
                 into usable information. The network listening device
                 should not affect the normal flow of network traffic,
                 but should observe it. XSNIFF has a graphical interface
                 that allows the user to select between statistical
                 information and a TCP connection graph. The statistical
                 information displays data belonging to different
                 network level protocols and different user level
                 protocols. The connection information is displayed as a
                 graph showing which network nodes are connected to what
                 other nodes. The information can be used by a teacher
                 in a computer network class to help students visualize
                 network traffic and as a learning tool to help students
                 understand computer network protocols.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lim:1998:TWD,
  author =       "Billy B. L. Lim",
  title =        "Teaching {Web} development technologies in {CS\slash
                 IS} curricula",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "107--111",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273172",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The advent of the World Wide Web changes the way we do
                 things. It also greatly changes how computer software
                 are built. While this profound evolution of software
                 development has caused many in the software industry to
                 change their way of developing software, it has not
                 caused many in the academics to change their way of
                 teaching computing. This paper describes a course that
                 teaches web development technologies. The contents of
                 the course, the experience gained, and related
                 educational resources are presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lankewicz:1998:RTC,
  author =       "Linda B. Lankewicz",
  title =        "Resources for teaching computer networks",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "112--116",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273173",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Teaching a computer networks course can be a challenge
                 both in terms of deciding on the focus of the course
                 and providing appropriate practical experiences to
                 complement the theoretical issues. However, because the
                 course overlaps other areas of the computer science
                 curriculum, it is an opportunity to apply some of the
                 concepts from other areas and to expose students to the
                 research in the field. This paper describes a computer
                 networks course to accomplish this along with a
                 collection of resources.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kay:1998:CSC,
  author =       "David G. Kay",
  title =        "Computer scientists can teach writing: an upper
                 division course for computer science majors",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "117--120",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273174",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The author's institution requires all students to take
                 one course that concentrates on writing at the upper
                 division (junior or senior) level. The computer science
                 department offers one such course, taught by computer
                 scientists. It concentrates on communications issues
                 relevant to computer scientists and computer
                 professionals, going beyond traditional ``technical
                 writing'' to give students experience in oral
                 presentation, document design, and writing in forms
                 appropriate for various audiences. This course takes
                 advantage of analogies between writing and software
                 development and motivates computer science students to
                 pay more careful attention to their writing.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Li:1998:THD,
  author =       "Wing-Ning Li",
  title =        "Towards a hierarchical design and integration of
                 programming projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "121--125",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273175",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The idea of a hierarchical design and integration of
                 programming projects in the computer science
                 undergraduate curriculum is proposed and discussed.
                 Research results in software reuse and object-oriented
                 design and development may be used in the design and
                 the development of the set of integrated programming
                 projects. By a hierarchical design and integration of
                 programming projects, this approach aims to increase
                 the effectiveness of the undergraduate learning
                 experience. Using the approach, programming projects in
                 computer science courses may be developed in such a way
                 that programming projects in the lower level courses
                 are used as components (parts) to implement programming
                 projects in the higher level courses. In this way, a
                 hierarchical structure of programming projects can be
                 built and a student's programming projects in different
                 courses can be integrated. Such an integration may lead
                 to the development of complex software systems in the
                 senior year.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nulden:1998:EPA,
  author =       "Urban Nuld{\'e}n",
  title =        "The {ExCon} project: advocating continuous
                 examination",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "126--130",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273176",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper it is claimed that traditional
                 examination often is destructive to the process of
                 learning. It does not matter how good intentions
                 educators have, it is the way they examine students
                 that will have the strongest impact on how the students
                 learn. The goal of the ExCon project is intervention in
                 traditional examination. The paper discusses an
                 alternative model for understanding assessment and
                 examination of students. Product assessment is
                 questioned as an appropriate approach. Instead it is
                 argued that educators should, to a larger extent,
                 provide the student with questions and other types of
                 feedback during the ongoing activity and use
                 communication as an important element of the
                 examination. For this purpose, a software prototype for
                 a mobile computing device to support the educator was
                 designed and developed. An evaluation of the prototype
                 was performed and the paper ends with some thoughts on
                 the viability of the prototype in supporting
                 alternative assessment and examination.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kay:1998:LICa,
  author =       "David G. Kay",
  title =        "Large introductory computer science classes:
                 strategies for effective course management",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "131--134",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273177",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Traditionally, a large introductory course meant a
                 lecture hall with a single lecturer talking and
                 students taking notes---but no longer. Today a wide
                 variety of techniques, not only in the classroom but in
                 labs and faculty offices and cyberspace, can make a
                 large introductory course an extremely effective
                 educational experience. We explore these practices,
                 with pointers for further information, as a guide for
                 instructors or departments faced with the large-course
                 model of instruction.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Canup:1998:USS,
  author =       "Mark J. Canup and Russell L. Shackelford",
  title =        "Using software to solve problems in large computing
                 courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "135--139",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273178",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mason:1998:ITC,
  author =       "David V. Mason and Denise M. Woit",
  title =        "Integrating technology into computer science
                 examinations",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "140--144",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273179",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "On-line programming tests and examinations were
                 administered to approximately 120 first year computer
                 science students in order to evaluate their practical
                 skills. We describe our motivation for on-line testing,
                 outline the technical details of our closed testing
                 environment, and present our observations about student
                 performance. We also compare the effectiveness of
                 on-line tests versus conventional tests, report the
                 problems we encountered and our solutions, relate
                 student opinion regarding the on-line testing
                 experiment, and present some insights gained by this
                 experiment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Boroni:1998:PSI,
  author =       "Christopher M. Boroni and Frances W. Goosey and
                 Michael T. Grinder and Rockford J. Ross",
  title =        "A paradigm shift! {The} {Internet}, the {Web},
                 browsers, {Java} and the future of computer science
                 education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "145--152",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273181",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Ready or not, here it comes! A paradigm shift with
                 profound implications for computer science education is
                 underway. The shift is away from a relatively static,
                 localized paradigm of teaching and learning towards an
                 interactive, dynamic, and non-localized paradigm. The
                 new paradigm is not totally unfamiliar. Various
                 institutions have for some time been exploring
                 educational activities based on interactive software,
                 sometimes coupled with two-way interactive video for
                 distance learning. These efforts, though, have largely
                 been based on technologies that were not universally
                 available in educational settings (e.g., Sun
                 workstations) and sometimes expensive to acquire, thus
                 limiting their widespread acceptance by others.
                 Furthermore, even when the technology was fairly common
                 (e.g., PCs with Windows 95) we have noted from long
                 experience that the mere burden added onto the backs of
                 busy instructors of downloading, installing (which
                 never seems to go without some hitch), and learning one
                 more new system has hindered the widespread adoption of
                 many otherwise very fine educational software packages.
                 But all of this has now changed, and rather abruptly at
                 that. Downloading and installing software is no longer
                 much of an issue, and even the local computer platform
                 is of little importance. In short, due to the Web and
                 its related technologies it is now possible for
                 virtually any institution, large or small, to embrace
                 the new paradigm with minimal effort and cost. Indeed,
                 given the momentum of the Web, the paradigm shift may
                 be thrust upon us before we are ready to engage the
                 clutch! Numerous technologies are converging to effect
                 this paradigm shift: ``the Internet, with its global
                 computer interconnections;'' the World Wide Web,
                 providing easy access to information virtually
                 anywhere; ``browsers, such as Netscape and Internet
                 Explorer, that allow nearly transparent access to the
                 Web;'' HTML, which makes the development of universal,
                 multimedia ``hypertextbooks'' and other documents
                 possible; ``Java and the Java Virtual Machine, which
                 provide an environment for the development of platform
                 independent, interactive educational software that can
                 be delivered via the Web through standard browsers;''
                 powerful notebook computers that can easily be carried
                 to a classroom and connected to the Internet (or, if an
                 Internet connection is not available, a hard disk or CD
                 image of the relevant information) for use in a
                 lecture; ``small, eminently portable computer
                 projection systems that, too, can be transported to
                 arbitrary classrooms and connected to a computer for
                 display of computer output, allowing nearly any
                 classroom to be adapted to the new paradigm; and''
                 improved interactive two-way video systems, providing
                 for distance learning and remote student participation
                 from properly equipped lecture halls. Without question,
                 the most influential of these technologies on the
                 paradigm shift are the Web and the Java virtual
                 machine. The elimination of platform dependence as a
                 hurdle to producing good educational software systems
                 that can be widely used without hassle is indeed a
                 major achievement of profound import. We thus refer to
                 the new paradigm as the Web paradigm. There are many
                 different facets to the paradigm shift that could be
                 discussed, some possibly controversial. In the confines
                 of this paper, however, we limit ourselves to the
                 discussion of some of the implications of the Web
                 paradigm on computing education. We should clearly
                 state that our aim is not to discuss future computer
                 science curricula. Instead, our focus is on the
                 teaching and learning environment that will result from
                 the Web paradigm and---by implication---the profound
                 influence it will have on any new curriculum models. In
                 the Web paradigm, instructors will tend away from a
                 traditional lecture style towards the role of a
                 facilitator, and students will become more active in
                 exploratory learning. Any discussion of the Web
                 paradigm that did not include some exciting, dynamic
                 examples would certainly not be very satisfying. Thus,
                 the accompanying talk will be liberally sprinkled with
                 projected demonstrations of the major concepts using
                 relatively inexpensive technology available today (and
                 sure to be more accessible and affordable tomorrow).
                 So, unfasten your mindbelts and enjoy the ride!",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Astrachan:1998:DPE,
  author =       "Owen Astrachan and Garrett Mitchener and Geoffrey
                 Berry and Landon Cox",
  title =        "Design patterns: an essential component of {CS}
                 curricula",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "153--160",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273182",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The field of software patterns has seen an explosion
                 in interest in the last three years. Work to date has
                 been on the recognition, cataloging, and finding of
                 patterns with little attention to the use of patterns,
                 especially by students and practitioners not
                 well-versed in object-oriented technologies. This
                 project addresses pattern use through the development
                 of several programming and pedagogical frameworks that
                 supply support for using patterns throughout a computer
                 science curriculum. Although we do not claim that
                 patterns are Brooks' silver bullet [10], their use can
                 help cope with the accidental complexity of software
                 development and, we argue, their use is essential for a
                 successful adoption of object-oriented techniques in
                 academic computer science programs. This project
                 addresses practical concerns of the computer science
                 and software engineering communities in using,
                 teaching, and learning patterns. In this paper we argue
                 that patterns are an essential programming and
                 pedagogical tool and report on our work in making them
                 accessible to the educational community.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Drake:1998:CSA,
  author =       "Janet M. Drake",
  title =        "Class to survey application programming topics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "161--165",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273183",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a class that we developed at the
                 University of Northern Iowa to address covering the
                 topics suggested in ACM/IEEE Computing Curricula 1991
                 [1]. All junior level students take this course, and
                 thus are ensured of a minimum introduction to the
                 topics of software engineering, database management,
                 human computer interfaces, and computer ethics. This
                 paper describes the course and lessons learned in
                 teaching the course. One of the benefits of the course
                 is that it introduces abstract modeling
                 (entity-relationship model) and the model is used in a
                 life cycle that includes analysis, design,
                 implementation, and test. Students see how a model fits
                 into software development and the benefits of modeling.
                 The greatest challenge in the course is finding a
                 coordinated text book that adequately covers all the
                 topics in the course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tremblay:1998:UCF,
  author =       "Guy Tremblay",
  title =        "An undergraduate course in formal methods:
                 ``description is our business''",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "166--170",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273184",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present a new undergraduate course in formal
                 methods which emphasizes software specification and
                 description instead of formal program correctness or
                 program derivation. This course is motivated by the
                 idea that specifications play a key role in the
                 software development process and that precise and clear
                 descriptions of software systems and artifacts are
                 important. It wants to show students that some simple
                 notions from logic and mathematics (predicates and
                 quantifiers, set theory, maps), together with
                 appropriate constructs for defining software components
                 and systems, can be useful for this purpose. The course
                 is taught using the Spec notation [1] and we first
                 discuss why we did not choose the ubiquitous Z
                 notation. The content of the course is then presented,
                 followed with a brief description of an on-line WWW
                 system that was developed to help the students do the
                 exercises presented in the course notes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nachbar:1998:BRW,
  author =       "Daniel Nachbar",
  title =        "Bringing real-world software development into the
                 classroom: a proposed role for public software in
                 computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "171--175",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273753",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A proposal is made for combining ongoing volunteer
                 efforts to produce and freely distribute real-world,
                 consumer-oriented software with the existing curricula
                 in computer science. The differences between such an
                 endeavor and currently ongoing free software efforts
                 are described. The pedagogical advantages of working
                 with and contributing to such an effort are explored.
                 Potential enhancements to existing course work are
                 discussed, as are some possible new avenues of
                 instruction. The economic viability of such an
                 enterprise is also briefly described.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mercuri:1998:UHJ,
  author =       "Rebecca Mercuri and Nira Herrmann and Jeffrey
                 Popyack",
  title =        "Using {HTML} and {JavaScript} in introductory
                 programming courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "176--180",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273754",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Students with little or no computer programming
                 experience prior to entering college often have
                 difficulty keeping up with the fast pace of
                 college-level programming courses, even at the
                 introductory level. For the past several years we have
                 developed a curriculum for teaching fundamental
                 language concepts to this population of individuals
                 using the programmable features of a variety of
                 software packages --- thus giving students nontrivial
                 results with relatively little syntactic ``overhead.''
                 These ``pre-programming'' courses prepare students to
                 succeed in subsequent language sequences, or they can
                 serve to provide computer literacy credits for
                 non-technical majors. Here we report on a course
                 designed to exploit students' burgeoning interest in
                 the World Wide Web (WWW), where we used HTML and
                 JavaScript to teach programming concepts. These
                 languages allow students at different skill levels to
                 work side by side, learning common abstract ideas while
                 implementing them at different levels of complexity,
                 motivated by the rewarding and exciting interactive
                 environment of the WWW.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Beil:1998:IFB,
  author =       "Donald H. Beil and Donna Lange and Elissa Olsen and
                 Anthony Spiecker",
  title =        "Incoming freshmen build their own {PCs}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "181--184",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273755",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Applied Computer Technology Department (ACT) of
                 the National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID), a
                 college of the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT),
                 offered a unique two-day workshop at which incoming
                 freshmen students who are deaf or hard of hearing built
                 their own personal computers. This paper provides
                 extended details of our experience at the most recent
                 offering of this workshop attended by 28 freshmen
                 students. The workshop was held in September, 1997
                 after new-student orientation and before school began.
                 Sufficient details are provided so that our experience
                 might serve as a reference point for other universities
                 interested in offering a similar workshop.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ziegler:1998:EIM,
  author =       "Uta Ziegler",
  title =        "Extending an iterator model for binary trees to
                 backtracking problems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "185--189",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.273756",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Rasala [1] developed a design for an object-oriented
                 tree-iterator. This paper extends that design to
                 provide an iterator for backtracking problems. The
                 developed iterator explicitly uses a stack to store
                 partial solutions which must be evaluated and/or
                 extended. The discussed design can be used as a
                 teaching tool for recursion. Students often struggle
                 with this paradigm [2] since --- for their taste ---
                 too much is happening behind the scenes. Students can
                 explore the explicit stack of the backtracking iterator
                 after each recursion step. The design can be reused for
                 different domains, since it separates domain-specific
                 code from general iterator code. Solutions to the set
                 and the maze problems are shown.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shannon:1998:LPI,
  author =       "Christine Shannon",
  title =        "{LongNbrs} and palindromes: an interesting application
                 of a class",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "190--193",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274799",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "What started off as an enrichment assignment for a
                 third grader has developed into a rich source of
                 programming assignments. The long integers, needed to
                 determine whether a number eventually becomes a
                 palindrome under the process of reversal and addition,
                 can be described as an abstract data type and
                 implemented as a C++ class. There are intriguing open
                 questions which call for great creativity and
                 efficiency in terms of data structures. Even graphics
                 have been employed to illuminate the problem. The next
                 step is probably parallel processing.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kay:1998:PBI,
  author =       "Judy Kay and Bob Kummerfeld",
  title =        "A problem-based interface design and programming
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "194--197",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274295",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a course that addresses two
                 important issues: introducing interface design and
                 programming at the same time as helping students
                 develop life-long learning skills. Many computer
                 science programmes could well be based on the
                 assumption that the computing world is still oriented
                 towards batch processing. Yet, interactive systems are
                 central to information technology and the interface to
                 a system is very important. Our courses introduces
                 students to this area. At the same time, programming
                 tools for building interfaces are an excellent example
                 of very fast changing technology. Our course explicitly
                 aims to help students learn to how to learn about such
                 tools. The course is based on the approach called
                 problem-based learning: the need to solve an authentic
                 problem drives the definition of appropriate learning
                 goals and strategies. An unusual feature of the course
                 is the interweaving of the learning about programming
                 tools and the classic skiIls of user interface design.
                 We describe our course and its evaluation in a class of
                 over 100 senior year undergraduate computer science
                 students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clarke:1998:TEA,
  author =       "Matthew C. Clarke",
  title =        "Teaching the empirical approach to designing
                 human-computer interaction via an experiential group
                 project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "198--201",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274296",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Empirical research plays an important role in the
                 design of user-interfaces and is frequently included in
                 university courses on human-computer interaction. For
                 instance, the ACM SIGCHI guidelines refer to the
                 importance of empirical research, although they do not
                 specify how this approach to user-interface design
                 should be taught. In an Honours (fourth-year) course at
                 the University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, the
                 theoretical foundation of empirical research is
                 augmented with a real experience of running a simple
                 experiment. This experiment is planned, executed and
                 analysed by the class as a whole. This paper describes
                 the type of empirical studies carried out and discusses
                 the benefits and limitations of such studies in this
                 educational context.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ferri:1998:ACA,
  author =       "Francesc J. Ferri and Jes{\'u}s Albert",
  title =        "Average-case analysis in an elementary course on
                 algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "202--206",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274297",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Average-case algorithm analysis is usually viewed as a
                 tough subject by students in the first courses in
                 Computer Science. Traditionally, these topics are fully
                 developed in advanced courses with a clear mathematical
                 orientation. The work presented here is not an
                 alternative to this, but, it presents the analysis of
                 algorithms (and average-case in particular) adapted to
                 the mathematical background of students in an
                 elementary course on Algorithms or Programming by using
                 some specially selected examples.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goodrich:1998:TAA,
  author =       "Michael T. Goodrich and Roberto Tamassia",
  title =        "Teaching the analysis of algorithms with visual
                 proofs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "207--211",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274298",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe an approach for visually teaching
                 important proofs in the Junior-Senior level course on
                 the design and analysis of data structures and
                 algorithms (CS7/DS\&A). The main idea of this
                 educational paradigm is to justify important claims
                 about data structures and algorithms by using pictures
                 that visualize proofs so clearly that the pictures can
                 qualify as proofs themselves. The advantage of using
                 this approach for DS\&A is that it augments or even
                 replaces inductive arguments that many students find
                 difficult. Moreover, this paradigm communicates
                 important algorithmic facts in a compelling way for
                 students who are more visually-oriented. We illustrate
                 this technique by giving examples of visual proofs of
                 several key concepts in DS\&A.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kurtz:1998:PCU,
  author =       "Barry L. Kurtz and Chinhyun Kim and Jamal Alsabbagh",
  title =        "Parallel computing in the undergraduate curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "212--216",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274299",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper reports on our NSF grant (CDA-9414309) from
                 the Education Innovation program in the CISE
                 directorate. We not only present the current status of
                 grant activities as we near completion, but we also
                 present a ``how to'' approach for those faculty from
                 teaching-oriented schools who want to submit a proposal
                 in the area of educational computing. We discuss both
                 our successes and our failures and we give advice on
                 how to avoid the pitfalls we have encountered. Most
                 important, throughout the paper, we give advice on how
                 to obtain funding in the first place.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cunha:1998:ICP,
  author =       "Jos{\'e} C. Cunha and Jo{\~a}o Louren{\c{c}}o",
  title =        "An integrated course on parallel and distributed
                 processing",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "217--221",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274300",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Most known teaching experiences focus on parallel
                 computing courses only, but some teaching experiences
                 on distributed computing courses have also been
                 reported. In this paper we describe a course on
                 Parallel and Distributed Processing that is taught at
                 undergraduate level in the Computer Science degree of
                 our University. This course presents an integrated
                 approach concerning concurrency, parallelism, and
                 distribution issues. It's a breadth-first course
                 addressing a wide spectrum of abstractions: the
                 theoretical component focus on the fundamental
                 abstractions to model concurrent systems, including
                 process cooperation schemes, concurrent programming
                 models, data and control distribution, concurrency
                 control and recovery in transactional systems, and
                 parallel processing models; the practical component
                 illustrates the design and implementation issues
                 involved in selected topics such as a data and control
                 distribution problem, a distributed transaction-based
                 support system and a parallel algorithm. We also
                 discuss how this approach has been contributing to
                 prepare the student to further actions regarding
                 research and development of concurrent, distributed, or
                 parallel systems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dershem:1998:TWB,
  author =       "Herbert L. Dershem and Peter Brummund",
  title =        "Tools for {Web}-based sorting animation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "222--226",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274301",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "There is a long and rich tradition of sort algorithm
                 animations that have been used effectively in
                 instruction. This paper describes a new tool that
                 combines the best of this tradition with the advantages
                 of being in the form of an applet for use on the World
                 Wide Web and of animating the code of the algorithm in
                 concert with the animation of the data. In addition,
                 this tool facilitates student-designed animations that
                 are useful for the debugging of student-written sort
                 algorithms. Recursive sort algorithms are made more
                 accessible through the use of a special feature of the
                 tool that animates the recursion.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Egan:1998:FVT,
  author =       "M. A. Egan and M. Krishnamoorthy and K. Rajan",
  title =        "{FCLUST}: a visualization tool for fuzzy clustering",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "227--231",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274302",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Emerging technologies on the World Wide Web promise to
                 make program, algorithm and concept simulations
                 universally accessible. Simulations involving animation
                 and visualization have a tremendous benefit when
                 applied to various algorithms. We present a simulation
                 tool for experimenting with concepts in fuzzy
                 clustering that has proved useful in visualizing the
                 results and demonstrating the computation method of the
                 algorithms. This is especially advantageous in a
                 classroom or laboratory setting where students may
                 become more comfortable with the mechanics of fuzzy
                 clustering through personal discovery and online
                 experimentation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Khuri:1998:APA,
  author =       "Sami Khuri and Yanti Sugono",
  title =        "Animating parsing algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "232--236",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274303",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The paper describes a package that can be used to
                 present the parsing algorithms. The package fully
                 animates the top-down LL(1) and bottom-up SLR(1)
                 parsing algorithms. By full animation we mean that the
                 input string being parsed, the corresponding actions
                 that take place in the stack, and the building of the
                 parse tree are all simultaneously animated on the same
                 screen, thus enabling the user to get a full
                 appreciation of all the intricate details that occur
                 during parsing. The package makes use of XTANGO and can
                 be used in the beginning of the semester as a teaching
                 tool. Later, the students could be asked to write their
                 own animations of the compiling process.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kurtz:1998:CSD,
  author =       "Barry L. Kurtz and Hong Cai and Chris Plock and Xijia
                 Chen",
  title =        "A concurrency simulator designed for sophomore-level
                 instruction",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "237--241",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274304",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Concurrency Simulator is used in a sophomore-level
                 course to introduce students to parallel computing.
                 This simulator is unique since it integrates a
                 graphical topology into the programming environment.
                 This makes algorithms much easier to express and,
                 combined with a context-sensitive editor, makes it easy
                 for students to enter their algorithms without becoming
                 bogged down in the details of language syntax. We
                 provide detailed examples for the semaphore, rendezvous
                 and monitor paradigms. We briefly describe the
                 development process for this Java 1.1 program and then
                 describe our classroom experiences with students at
                 this level.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shene:1998:MPI,
  author =       "Chin-Kuang Shene",
  title =        "Multithreaded programming in an introduction to
                 operating systems course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "242--246",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274305",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents a way of teaching multithreaded
                 programming as a component in an introduction to
                 operating systems course. Topics include programming
                 assignments, term projects, and experiences. This paper
                 also suggests future work for overcoming a bottleneck
                 that occurs in the current version of this course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartley:1998:AYJ,
  author =       "Stephen J. Hartley",
  title =        "``{Alfonse}, your {Java} is ready!''",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "247--251",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274306",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Is Java suitable for teaching concurrent programming?
                 This paper describes the features Java has for this,
                 how well they work, and what is missing. The author has
                 written a library of classes, also described here, to
                 provide the missing features. Supplemented with these
                 classes, Java works well as the concurrent programming
                 language in operating systems and related courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Long:1998:PIF,
  author =       "Timothy J. Long and Bruce W. Weide and Paolo Bucci and
                 David S. Gibson and Joe Hollingsworth and Murali
                 Sitaraman and Steve Edwards",
  title =        "Providing intellectual focus to {CS1\slash CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "252--256",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274307",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "First-year computer science students need to see
                 clearly that computer science as a discipline has an
                 important intellectual role to play and that it offers
                 deep philosophical questions, much like the other hard
                 sciences and mathematics; that CS is not ``just
                 programming''. An appropriate intellectual focus for
                 CS1/CS2 can be built on the foundations of systems
                 thinking and mathematical modeling, as these principles
                 are manifested in a component-based software paradigm.
                 We outline some of the main technical features of this
                 approach to CS1/CS2 and report preliminary observations
                 from our experience with it.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ben-Ari:1998:CCS,
  author =       "Mordechai Ben-Ari",
  title =        "Constructivism in computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "257--261",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274308",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Constructivism is a theory of learning which claims
                 that students construct knowledge rather than merely
                 receive and store knowledge transmitted by the teacher.
                 Constructivism has been extremely influential in
                 science and mathematics education, but not in computer
                 science education (CSE). This paper surveys
                 constructivism in the context of CSE, and shows how the
                 theory can supply a theoretical basis for debating
                 issues and evaluating proposals.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Matocha:1998:EAA,
  author =       "Jeff Matocha and Tracy Camp and Ralph Hooper",
  title =        "Extended analogy: an alternative lecture method",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "262--266",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274309",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In computer science education one should employ
                 creative teaching methods, especially for non-majors or
                 beginning students. Students who are new to computer
                 science typically find the field full of theoretical,
                 technical, or even tedious concepts. Lack of interest,
                 motivation, or understanding creates a difficult mix of
                 students. This paper describes a technique which
                 combines analogy and simple memory techniques to aid in
                 the teaching of technical concepts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pierson:1998:WBA,
  author =       "Willard C. Pierson and Susan H. Rodger",
  title =        "{Web}-based animation of data structures using
                 {JAWAA}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "267--271",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274310",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "JAWAA is a simple command language for creating
                 animations of data structures and displaying them with
                 a Web browser. Commands are stored in a script file
                 that is retrieved and run by the JAWAA applet when the
                 applet's Web page is accessed through the Web. JAWAA
                 commands allow for creation and movement of primitive
                 objects (circles, lines, text, rectangles) and data
                 structure objects (arrays, stacks, queues, lists, trees
                 and graphs). A JAWAA script can be generated as the
                 output of a program written in any language.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sangwan:1998:SPV,
  author =       "Raghvinder S. Sangwan and James F. Korsh and Paul S.
                 {LaFollette, Jr.}",
  title =        "A system for program visualization in the classroom",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "272--276",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274311",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the use of a system which will
                 allow effortless visualization and animation of
                 standard C/C++ programs. The system brings alive
                 programs so that students in CS 1 and CS 2 classes can
                 more easily see each instruction and its effects. They
                 can also see the effects of larger entities such as
                 functions. The system serves as an excellent
                 instructional tool and debugger.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Naps:1998:MWE,
  author =       "Thomas L. Naps and Eric Bressler",
  title =        "A multi-windowed environment for simultaneous
                 visualization of related algorithms on the World Wide
                 {Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "277--281",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274312",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Using algorithm visualization, we can depict the
                 execution of an algorithm as a sequence of graphical
                 snapshots, the viewing of which is controlled by the
                 user. Although the delivery of such visualizations over
                 the Web greatly increases their accessibility,
                 Web-based environments for viewing algorithms often
                 lack the richness of features that characterize similar
                 viewing environments on standalone machines. Here we
                 describe enhancements recently made to such a Web-based
                 system. These enhancements conveniently present a
                 variety of windowing options that allow the user to
                 simultaneously view multiple snapshots. These snapshots
                 may depict (1) similar views of the states of an
                 algorithm over a range of time, (2) different views of
                 the state of an algorithm at a given point in time, or
                 (3) side-by-side comparisons of different algorithms
                 that solve the same problem. We illustrate each of
                 these options using variations of the quick sort
                 algorithm.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tjaden:1998:DLM,
  author =       "Bunny J. Tjaden",
  title =        "Do lab modules in {CS} actually help students?: an
                 empirical study",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "282--286",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274313",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Three laboratory modules were developed to teach C
                 pointers to novice programming students, using two
                 different versions of software. The first version was
                 an intelligent tutoring system; the second was a
                 multimedia tutorial. Six classes of students
                 participated in an empirical study involving both
                 versions of software. What was discovered as a result
                 of this experiment was more than just the answer to
                 whether or not a particular piece of software helped
                 the students to learn the subject matter. We discovered
                 who used the software, given the freedom of choice. We
                 learned about the characteristics of software users,
                 which software was more helpful, and what the students
                 think about using software to learn. The more
                 significant results of this study are presented in this
                 paper.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Toothman:1998:EPI,
  author =       "Brian Toothman and Russell Shackelford",
  title =        "The effects of partially-individualized assignments on
                 subsequent student performance",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "287--291",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274314",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "At Georgia Tech, we investigated aspects of student
                 performance in the Introduction to Computing course
                 offered by the College of Computing. Our goal was to
                 investigate the effects of customizing assignments
                 based on individual student needs. This was motivated
                 by the fact that our technology can enable us to create
                 and distribute individualized assignments. Thus, we
                 sought to answer the question, ``In the span of a
                 single academic quarter, can we (a) identify weaknesses
                 in each student's performance, then (b) give them
                 assignments targeted to their individual weaknesses
                 such that (c) we achieve a positive impact on their
                 subsequent performance. Significant results were found
                 with respect to certain aspects of individualization.
                 They suggest individualized assignments can be
                 effective for students who evidence neither very strong
                 nor very weak topical performance.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wu:1998:CMC,
  author =       "Cheng-Chih Wu and Nell B. Dale and Lowell J. Bethel",
  title =        "Conceptual models and cognitive learning styles in
                 teaching recursion",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "292--296",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274315",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An experimental research design was implemented in an
                 attempt to understand how different types of conceptual
                 models and cognitive learning styles influence novice
                 programmers when learning recursion. The results
                 indicate that in teaching recursion to novice
                 programmers: $ \bullet $ concrete conceptual models are
                 better than abstract conceptual models, $ \bullet $
                 novices with abstract learning styles perform better
                 than those with concrete learning styles, $ \bullet $
                 abstract learners do not necessarily benefit more from
                 abstract conceptual models, and $ \bullet $ concrete
                 learners do not necessarily benefit more from concrete
                 conceptual models.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Aslam:1998:WBQ,
  author =       "Sohail Aslam",
  title =        "{WEB}-based query processing in a database course
                 project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "297--301",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274316",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One of the prominent uses of WWW has been WEB-based
                 querying of databases. Search sites such as Yahoo and
                 Infoseek present the WWW user with a form to be filled
                 in with a query and return the results of the search.
                 WEB forms are also being increasingly used for
                 interaction with database management systems. One key
                 element of the Intranet environment is the use of
                 WEB-based facilities for query processing. In our
                 undergraduate database course project, we decided to
                 not only have the students design and implement
                 relations in a relational database management system,
                 but also provide a WEB-based facility that allows for
                 fairly complex query processing. The actual data was
                 the entire catalog (12,000 holdings) of the Department
                 of Business Management's Library. The students had to
                 first design the appropriate normalized relations and
                 then load the data into a Relational Database
                 Management System (RDBMS). We used PostgreSQL as the
                 RDBMS [1]. The students then designed WEB forms that
                 allowed a user to query the library database using a
                 Web browser. The user could specify simple and complex
                 queries. The students used PHP [2], a public domain
                 tool, to embed SQL queries into ordinary HTML form
                 documents. This avoided the use of CGI scripts or Java
                 applets, thus making the programming task much simpler.
                 This paper presents details of the mechanics of the
                 student project, examples from the students'
                 submissions, and concluding remarks that highlight the
                 benefits of WEB-based query processing.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yang:1998:DIW,
  author =       "Andrew Yang and James Linn and David Quadrato",
  title =        "Developing integrated {Web} and database applications
                 using {JAVA} applets and {JDBC} drivers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "302--306",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274317",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "With the maturity of network technology, the
                 deterministic factor of a 'successful' web site does
                 not as much depend on its connectivity to the Internet,
                 rather the content of web pages plays a more important
                 role. The inclusion of dynamic data, for example, has
                 become an increasingly desirable feature of a web page.
                 Web servers that support dynamic web pages are capable
                 of retrieving data at the time of user requests. Rather
                 than being statically included in the web page, these
                 dynamically retrieved data may physically reside in
                 various file systems or database servers across the
                 Internet. JAVA, a new object-oriented programming
                 language, has become a buzzword since its introduction
                 by Sun Microsystems in 1994 [1, 2, 3]. It was claimed
                 that JAVA, via its ability to embed applets in a web
                 page, would make the content of a web page alive and
                 dynamic. Data and information on a web page can now be
                 updated dynamically when users request them. In this
                 paper, we discuss our experience of developing JAVA
                 applets that use various types of JDBC (JAVA Database
                 Connectivity) drivers to connect to and then manipulate
                 data stored in SQL (Structured Query Language) database
                 servers. We first start with the discussion of general
                 client/server model involving JDBC, and then
                 introducing the procedure of setting up programming
                 projects employing this approach in an undergraduate
                 database course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mitrovic:1998:LSC,
  author =       "Antonija Mitrovic",
  title =        "Learning {SQL} with a computerized tutor",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "307--311",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274318",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "SQL, the dominant database language, is a simple and
                 highly structured language; yet, students have many
                 difficulties learning it. This paper presents
                 SQL-Tutor, an Intelligent Teaching System designed as a
                 guided discovery learning environment, which helps
                 students in overcoming these difficulties. We present
                 design issues and the current state in the
                 implementation of the system, with special focus on
                 individualization of instruction towards a particular
                 student.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lewandowski:1998:CST,
  author =       "Gary Lewandowski and Amy Morehead",
  title =        "Computer science through the eyes of dead monkeys:
                 learning styles and interaction in {CS I}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "312--316",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274319",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Our breadth-first introduction to Computer Science
                 presents the fundamentals of the discipline by engaging
                 students in active learning. In designing and teaching
                 this course we established four goals. First, since
                 problem solving is essential to Computer Science,
                 students should learn to solve problems proficiently in
                 several areas. Second, since Computer Science is best
                 learned through intimate engagement with the material,
                 students should learn in an active classroom
                 environment. Third, students of all experience levels
                 and majors should feel equally comfortable with the
                 course material. And fourth, students should discover
                 that Computer Science is interesting, relevant and fun.
                 We encountered two major obstacles to achieving our
                 goals. First, in an introductory course such as this,
                 one regularly finds a range of experience among
                 students: some have never used a computer, others have
                 used it only for word processing, and still others have
                 built their own computers. Therefore, designing an
                 interesting and useful course that doesn't bore or
                 intimidate any students is a significant challenge.
                 Second, students have a wide variety of preferred
                 learning styles which affect the way they gather and
                 process information. Instructors also have a preferred
                 learning style which affects the way they present the
                 course material. Therefore, presenting the material in
                 ways that engage all learning styles is another
                 challenge. Despite these obstacles, our presentation
                 strategies for this course have yielded promising
                 results. After teaching the course for three semesters,
                 we have observed the following. First, the course
                 involves every student and is highly interactive.
                 Second, as students learn the core material they ask
                 more depth questions and achieve a higher overall level
                 of knowledge than students in previous semesters of the
                 course. Finally, students enjoy the class and report
                 that they are highly satisfied with their learning;
                 more CS I students are choosing to take additional
                 Computer Science classes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Astrachan:1998:AVI,
  author =       "Owen Astrachan and Susan H. Rodger",
  title =        "Animation, visualization, and interaction in {CS} 1
                 assignments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "317--321",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274321",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Programs that use animations or visualizations attract
                 student interest and offer feedback that can enhance
                 different learning styles as students work to master
                 programming and problem solving. In this paper we
                 report on several CS 1 assignments we have used
                 successfully at Duke University to introduce or
                 reinforce control constructs, elementary data
                 structures, and object-based programming. All the
                 assignments involve either animations by which we mean
                 graphical displays that evolve over time, or
                 visualizations which include static display of
                 graphical images. The animations do not require
                 extensive programming by students since students use
                 classes and code that we provide to hide much of the
                 complexity that drives the animations. In addition to
                 generating enthusiasm, we believe the animations assist
                 with mastering the debugging process.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hou:1998:APS,
  author =       "Lily Hou and James Tomayko",
  title =        "Applying the personal software process in {CS1}: an
                 experiment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "322--325",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274322",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The authors conducted an experiment in applying
                 components of the Personal Software Process$^{sm}$
                 (PSP) described in Humphrey[2,3] to a large group of
                 CS1 students. Half of the students were taught selected
                 PSP principles and the other half were asked only to
                 keep track of total time spent on programming
                 assignments. Results indicate that PSP is of value not
                 only to software professionals involved in large
                 projects, or to students in a software engineering
                 school, but also to novices at the CS1 level,
                 regardless of their background.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fell:1998:SDP,
  author =       "Harriet J. Fell and Viera K. Proulx and Richard
                 Rasala",
  title =        "Scaling: a design pattern in introductory computer
                 science courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "326--330",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274323",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present a series of programming exercises that use
                 scaling as a theme for teaching design techniques in
                 the introductory computer science course sequence. All
                 exercises are on the level easily mastered in the first
                 year of programming. Additionally, the exercises
                 introduce a rich variety of applications of computer
                 science.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gelfand:1998:TDS,
  author =       "Natasha Gelfand and Michael T. Goodrich and Roberto
                 Tamassia",
  title =        "Teaching data structure design patterns",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "331--335",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274324",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper we present an approach for teaching the
                 Freshman-Sophomore introduction to data structures
                 course (CS2) in a way that provides an introduction to
                 object-oriented software engineering patterns in
                 addition to the theory of data structures. We survey in
                 this paper several design patterns and describe how
                 they can be naturally integrated in the CS2
                 curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nguyen:1998:DPD,
  author =       "Dung Nguyen",
  title =        "Design patterns for data structures",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "336--340",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274325",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Design patterns provide ways to structure software
                 components into systems that are flexible, extensible,
                 and have a high degree of reusability. The state
                 pattern, the null object pattern, and the singleton
                 pattern are used to implement common data structures
                 such as lists and trees. These patterns help narrow the
                 gap between the abstract views of the data structures
                 and their concrete implementations. The smaller the
                 gap, the higher the level of abstraction. The more
                 abstract, the less complex the coding structure. As a
                 result, algorithms are easier to understand and more
                 manageable. This paper advocates teaching the above
                 design patterns in data structures courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kumar:1998:RLT,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar and Lisa Meeden",
  title =        "A robot laboratory for teaching artificial
                 intelligence",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "341--344",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274326",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "There is a growing consensus among computer science
                 faculty that it is quite difficult to teach the
                 introductory course on Artificial Intelligence well [4,
                 6]. In part this is because AI lacks a unified
                 methodology, overlaps with many other disciplines, and
                 involves a wide range of skills from very applied to
                 quite formal. In the funded project described here we
                 have addressed these problems by ``Offering a unifying
                 theme that draws together the disparate topics of AI;''
                 Focusing the course syllabus on the role AI plays in
                 the core computer science curriculum; and ``Motivating
                 the students to learn by using concrete, hands-on
                 laboratory exercises. Our approach is to conceive of
                 topics in AI as robotics tasks. In the laboratory,
                 students build their own robots and program them to
                 accomplish the tasks. By constructing a physical entity
                 in conjunction with the code to control it, students
                 have a unique opportunity to directly tackle many
                 central issues of computer science including the
                 interaction between hardware and software, space
                 complexity in terms of the memory limitations of the
                 robot's controller, and time complexity in terms of the
                 speed of the robot's action decisions. More
                 importantly, the robot theme provides a strong
                 incentive towards learning because students want to see
                 their inventions succeed. This robot-centered approach
                 is an extension of the agent-centered approach adopted
                 by Russell and Norvig in their recent text book [11].
                 Taking the agent perspective, the problem of AI is seen
                 as describing and building agents that receive
                 perceptions as input and then output appropriate
                 actions based on them. As a result the study of AI
                 centers around how best to implement this mapping from
                 perceptions to actions. The robot perspective takes
                 this approach one step further; rather than studying
                 software agents in a simulated environment, we embed
                 physical agents in the real world. This adds a
                 dimension of complexity as well as excitement to the AI
                 course. The complexity has to do with additional
                 demands of learning robot building techniques but can
                 be overcome by the introduction of kits that are easy
                 to assemble. Additionally, they are lightweight,
                 inexpensive to maintain, programmable through the
                 standard interfaces provided on most computers, and
                 yet, offer sufficient extensibility to create and
                 experiment with a wide range of agent behaviors. At the
                 same time, using robots also leads the students to an
                 important conclusion about scalability: the real world
                 is very different from a simulated world, which has
                 been a long standing criticism of many well-known AI
                 techniques. We proposed a plan to develop identical
                 robot building laboratories at both Bryn Mawr and
                 Swarthmore Colleges that would allow us to integrate
                 the construction of robots into our introductory AI
                 courses. Furthermore, we hoped that these laboratories
                 would encourage our undergraduate students to pursue
                 honors theses and research projects dealing with the
                 building of physical agents.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hall:1998:VLE,
  author =       "Lynne Hall and Adrian Gordon",
  title =        "A virtual learning environment for entity relationship
                 modelling",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "345--349",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274327",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Entity Relationship Modelling (ERM) is a fundamental
                 skill in database design. Though ERM concepts are
                 simple, the modelling process itself is a complex
                 activity. Novice ER modellers make systematic errors in
                 their models. Current tool-based support for learning
                 ER modelling is limited, since it concentrates on
                 notation at the expense of methodology, and provides
                 little or no feedback to the learner about the quality
                 of her constructed models. A text-based virtual
                 learning environment, based on the Multi-User Dimension
                 paradigm, is described, in which learners undertake ER
                 modelling tasks by interacting with objects in a
                 virtual world. This learning environment concentrates
                 on the methodology of ER modelling rather than its
                 notation, and provides immediate feedback to a learner
                 about the quality of her models. Preliminary results
                 suggest that this learning environment is both easy to
                 use and effective.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Haynes:1998:EAA,
  author =       "Christopher T. Haynes",
  title =        "Experience with an analytic approach to teaching
                 programming languages",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "350--354",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274328",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Through the use of interpreters it is possible to
                 teach programming languages in an analytic way without
                 the mathematical overhead associated with other formal
                 methods. This is a natural evolution of programming
                 language pedagogy from present approaches that are
                 largely descriptive. As a bonus, students receive
                 training in the use of meta-linguistic abstraction in
                 program design. An example of this approach is
                 presented along with suggested variations and
                 discussion of a number of practical considerations that
                 may be crucial to success in the classroom.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goelman:1998:TMD,
  author =       "Don Goelman and Roberta Evans Sabin and Marty J. Wolf
                 and Pete Knoke and Mike Murphy",
  title =        "The terminal {Master}'s degree (panel): does it need
                 to be cured?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "355--356",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274329",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCracken:1998:PFC,
  author =       "Daniel D. McCracken and Michael Berman and Ursula Wolz
                 and Owen Astrachan and Nell Dale",
  title =        "Possible futures for {CS2} (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "357--358",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274330",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Impagliazzo:1998:RPD,
  author =       "John Impagliazzo and Mark Mandelbaum and Robert Aiken
                 and James E. Miller",
  title =        "Refereed papers, the digital library, and the future
                 of the {SIGCSE Bulletin} (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "359--360",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274331",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dickey:1998:ADA,
  author =       "Martin Dickey and Frank Friedman and Max Hailperin and
                 Bill Manaris and Ursula Wolz",
  title =        "Accommodating diversity of academic preparation in
                 {CS1} (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "361--362",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274332",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Students come into CS1 with a variety of academic and
                 programming backgrounds. Panelists and audience members
                 will discuss the consequences of this fact, and explore
                 a variety of strategies for coping with the
                 situation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jones:1998:CSA,
  author =       "Lawrence G. Jones and Keith Barker and Susan Conry and
                 Doris Lidtke",
  title =        "Computer science accreditation (panel): current status
                 and future directions",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "363--364",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274333",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tomer:1998:IMT,
  author =       "D. S. Tomer and Doug Baldwin and Christopher J. Fox",
  title =        "Integration of mathematical topics in {CS1} and {CS2}
                 (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "365",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274334",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The purpose of this panel is to discuss the
                 possibility of integration of the appropriate
                 mathematical topics in the CS1 and CS2 courses.
                 Practically, every university/institute offering an
                 undergraduate program in computer science offers one or
                 two courses in discrete mathematics for CS majors. It
                 seems desirable to introduce some of these topics
                 (discrete mathematics) in the beginning courses along
                 with the programming concepts --- so that, a student
                 can appreciate (and use) the theoretical concepts as
                 meaningful to the field of programming. At many places,
                 a course on discrete mathematics is taught in an
                 isolated manner with little emphasis of its topics in
                 the earlier courses in computer science. In fact, this
                 course is viewed as a mathematics requirement along
                 with the other mathematics courses, such as calculus,
                 linear algebra, and statistics etc. Many topics
                 introduced in a discrete mathematics can be best
                 utilized with CS1 and CS2 courses. Some instructors may
                 teach CS1 and CS2 courses without any regard to the
                 topics of discrete mathematics as applicable to CS1 and
                 CS2. A course on discrete mathematics designed with a
                 specific relevance to CS majors, should be integrated
                 from the very beginning at freshman level. Furthermore,
                 a course on discrete mathematics is offered at
                 sophomore/junior level when a student has already
                 completed many CS courses including CS1 and CS2. The
                 most realistic prerequisite to CS1 is college algebra
                 and it is unlikely that a incoming freshman is ready to
                 handle traditional topics of discrete mathematics
                 without some mathematical maturity (may be after
                 calculus?). The session will begin with a brief
                 presentation from each of the panelists, and then we
                 will open the floor for general discussion and debate.
                 A survey about such an integration will be conducted
                 from the audience in this session.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Vest:1998:RWC,
  author =       "Sharon N. Vest and Robert Biddle and Christina
                 Bjorkman and Linda Null and Eric Roberts and Greg
                 Scragg",
  title =        "The retention of women in the computing sciences
                 (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "366--367",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274335",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The recruiting and retention of women in the computing
                 sciences has been an area of study for many years. In
                 1992, 49\% of all high school graduates were women
                 prepared and interested in the computer science and
                 engineering disciplines. Of the bachelor of science
                 degrees awarded, only 31\% went to women in these
                 fields of study. Women represented only 28\% of the
                 master's degrees and 11\% of the Ph.D.s awarded during
                 that time. The following year, 1993, reported a drop of
                 women earning B.S. degrees to 28\%, with 27\% and 14\%
                 of master's and Ph. Ds degrees awarded, respectively,
                 to women. A panel of six discuss why women who are
                 initially attracted to computer science bail out
                 without completing degree requirements, most in the
                 first two years of undergraduate study. The panelists
                 present diverse positions as to why fewer women
                 persevere and experimental efforts for increasing the
                 retention rate among women. The action plans developed
                 from the investigations include curriculum changes and
                 support group activities. The panelists share feedback
                 from surveys, program modifications, support group
                 activities and personal experiences to provide a
                 comprehensive view of the problem and possible
                 solutions applicable to a wide range of environments.
                 The panelists' positions follow.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1998:SPA,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker and Laura Baker and Gail Chapman and
                 Kathleen Larson and Joseph Kmoch",
  title =        "{SIGCSE} panel: approaches for encouraging high
                 school\slash college faculty interaction (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "368--369",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274336",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hart:1998:FPF,
  author =       "Hal Hart and Jim Caristi and Robert Dewar and Mark
                 Gerhardt and Drew Hamilton and Christopher Haynes and
                 Sam Rebelsky",
  title =        "The future of programming-are fundamental changes in
                 computer science programs coming? (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "370--371",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274337",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer programming languages (and their dominance as
                 the means of software development) have been one of the
                 most high-profile topics in the 50-year history of
                 computing --- reaching mature technology and
                 achievements for language definition, translation,
                 usage, analysis, pedagogical approaches, etc. and in
                 terms of their general impact on computing systems This
                 reality has continuously driven the content of Computer
                 Science curriculums to feature programming languages,
                 their definition techniques, and their translation
                 methods as the subject of many core courses, and their
                 usage as a tool to carry out the teaching of the
                 principles in most other courses. The objective of this
                 panel is to, at just past the mid-point of the first
                 century of computing, debate whether this pre-eminent
                 role of programming languages will continue
                 straightforwardly in the second half-century, if
                 radically new styles of programming languages will
                 emerge and dominate, or if programming languages will
                 recede to minor importance compared to alternate
                 software-development paradigms in both usage and
                 teaching impact. And, for each of those propositions,
                 to assess the impacts for change in typical CS
                 curriculums. For most software domains today, so-called
                 3rd-generation programming languages (e.g., Ada,
                 Scheme, Pascal, C/C++, Modula 2, COBOL, FORTRAN, and
                 recently, Java) enjoy considerable portability between
                 computers and are now widely accepted. In these
                 ``procedural'' languages programmers still are
                 responsible for designing and coding the software
                 architectures, algorithms, logic, and most data
                 structures to solve the problems. For some
                 well-understood domains (e.g., report writing,
                 inventory control, and some financial programming),
                 4th-generation languages (4GLs) or ``non-procedural''
                 languages are established which essentially allow users
                 to specify ``requirements'' instead of software
                 solutions, with 4GL compilers that generate code
                 satisfying the requirements; the number of domains for
                 which 4GLs are appropriate increases steadily as domain
                 understanding increases. 5th-generation or automatic
                 programming approaches have been a research topic for
                 many years, with some promising results demonstrated in
                 constrained domains, although the distinction from a
                 4GL to a 5th-generation language (5GL) is less clear
                 than the earlier transitions. Technologies for formally
                 representing and translating programming languages, and
                 the concepts and methods for teaching their effective
                 application, have continually evolved with the
                 programming language trends, and are generally regarded
                 in the body of crystallized core CS concepts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Stehlik:1998:APT,
  author =       "Mark Stehlik and Sarah Fix and Susan Rodger and Chris
                 Nevison and Mark Weiss",
  title =        "Advanced placement transition to {C++} (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "372",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274338",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Klee:1998:ALP,
  author =       "Karl J. Klee and Joyce Currie Little and John Lawlor
                 and Pamela Matthiesen and T. S. Pennington and
                 Josephine Freedman and Karen Richards",
  title =        "Associate-level programs for preparation of computer
                 support personnel (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "373",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274339",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kay:1998:LICb,
  author =       "David G. Kay and Jacobo Carrasquel and Michael J.
                 Clancy and Eric Roberts and Joseph Zachary",
  title =        "Large introductory courses in research computer
                 science departments (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "374--375",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274340",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bruce:1998:PLC,
  author =       "Kim B. Bruce and Phokion G. Kolaitis and Daniel M.
                 Leivant and Moshe Y. Vardi",
  title =        "Panel: logic in the computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "376--377",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274341",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Marion:1998:IRR,
  author =       "Bill Marion and Keith {Vander Linden} and Roberta
                 Sabin and Judy Cushing and Penny Anderson",
  title =        "Integrating recent research results into undergraduate
                 curricula (panel): initial steps",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "378--379",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274342",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "On July 7-11, 60 computer scientists came together at
                 The Evergreen State College in Olympia, Washington to
                 consider how the undergraduate curricula might be
                 improved in light of recent research in computer
                 science. At this NSF-funded workshop, researchers
                 presented work in four areas where current research
                 might be particularly relevant, and undergraduate
                 faculty (with experience in software engineering,
                 functional programming, artificial intelligence,
                 discrete mathematics or theoretical computer science)
                 explored the current state of undergraduate computer
                 science curricula and ways in which they might be
                 better informed by recent research. Each participant
                 attended sessions in one of the four interest
                 areas--Software Engineering Capstone Courses,
                 Functional Programming, Neural Networks and Their
                 Applications, and Computational Geometry--and faculty
                 developed curricular materials that they could use in
                 their teaching the following year. Those materials are
                 being placed on the WWW, and faculty are refining them
                 as they use them in their courses. A second workshop is
                 planned for summer, 1998.The workshop was sponsored by
                 The Evergreen State College, the Oregon Graduate
                 Institute, the Washington Center for the Improvement of
                 Undergraduate Education, and by the Center for Discrete
                 Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science
                 (DIMACS).All of the panelists participated in the
                 workshop and each panel member will share his or her
                 experiences in incorporating the recent research
                 results studied at the workshop into their
                 undergraduate curriculum. In addition, the panelists
                 will discuss with the audience their own plans for
                 integrating research results into their own
                 undergraduate programs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lidtke:1998:ICC,
  author =       "Doris K. Lidtke and Michael C. Mulder",
  title =        "Information centric curriculum {(ISC'98)} (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "380",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274343",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cassel:1998:FON,
  author =       "Lillian N. Cassel",
  title =        "Funding opportunities at the {National Science
                 Foundation Division of Undergraduate Education (NSF
                 DUE) (seminar)}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "381",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274344",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kourik:1998:PAI,
  author =       "Janet L. Kourik",
  title =        "A practical approach to internationalizing information
                 systems \& computer science courses (seminar)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "382",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274345",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The IS '97 Model Curriculum reaffirmed the need to
                 prepare information technology students to work
                 effectively in an international environment. Yet, as
                 computer science educators, we face a never-ending
                 struggle to stay current in our field. How can we
                 incorporate yet another educational goal in the
                 curriculum? What is ``internationalization''? What form
                 might ``internationalization'' take in our courses?
                 This seminar will answer some basic questions about
                 internationalizing our courses. In addition, the
                 seminar will provide practical suggestions, examples
                 and resources to help you easily infuse an
                 international perspective in your courses. As
                 participants in a global economy and society, exposure
                 to international perspectives can help us build,
                 maintain and support global information systems and
                 technology. Computer science and information systems
                 bring to the world technologies that advance global
                 interaction. Information technology workers are
                 building systems that will be used by people from many
                 different backgrounds and experiences. In the United
                 States, the work force is becoming more diverse. And
                 with the growing focus on collaboration, teamwork and
                 virtual offices, projects will often involve working
                 closely with people around the world. In such an
                 environment, an awareness of other peoples and cultures
                 becomes increasingly important. There have been a
                 number of initiatives in government, education and
                 information technology that emphasize the need for
                 increasing our knowledge of other countries, nations
                 and cultures. This session will endeavor to help
                 participants become acquainted with the move to
                 ``internationalize'' curriculum and suggest some
                 practical ways to implement ``internationalization'' in
                 computer science and information systems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Astrachan:1998:UCE,
  author =       "Owen Astrachan",
  title =        "Using classes early, an object-based approach to using
                 {C++} in introductory courses (seminar)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "383--383",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274346",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In the heyday of structured programming, many
                 educators debated the sequencing of topics in
                 introductory courses, particularly the introduction of
                 functions and procedures. As object-oriented
                 programming gains a foothold, particularly via the
                 languages C++ and Java, the debate moves from the
                 introduction of functions to the introduction of
                 classes. To keep the discussion in the form of a
                 debate, this seminar will focus on the issue: Resolved:
                 classes should be used early in the introductory
                 sequence of courses. Classes should be used early in
                 introductory programming courses when a program or
                 application warrants their use, not because classes are
                 intrinsically a good thing. Rather than demanding that
                 students use a class to convert a Fahrenheit
                 temperature to Celsius, we must show students examples
                 that use classes; examples that leverage the power of
                 classes into programs that would be more difficult to
                 do without the use of classes. In many cases, classes
                 can be used as units or modules have been used with
                 structured languages. Students and educators can become
                 accustomed to the syntax of C++ and the concepts of
                 object-based and object-oriented programming by using
                 classes for fundamental language constructs such as
                 strings and vectors, and for application-specific
                 programs as well. Classes are used first, then
                 modified, and finally (if ever) written from scratch.
                 With this approach students learn about good coding and
                 design from experience. For this approach to using
                 classes to be effective, a library of well-designed and
                 useful classes must be available to instructors and
                 students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rebelsky:1998:DBC,
  author =       "Samuel A. Rebelsky",
  title =        "Designing and building course webs with site-level
                 authoring tools (seminar)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "384",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/274790.274347",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:29 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Frailey:1998:SHC,
  author =       "Dennis J. Frailey",
  title =        "Specialization is harmful to computer education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "4--6",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292423",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Martin:1998:CSP,
  author =       "C. Dianne Martin",
  title =        "Is computer science a profession?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "7--8",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.296068",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gotterbarn:1998:ECP,
  author =       "Don Gotterbarn",
  title =        "The ethical computer practitioner-licensing the moral
                 community: a proactive approach",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "8--10",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292424",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lee:1998:HCS,
  author =       "John A. N. Lee",
  title =        "History in the computer science curriculum: part
                 {II}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "11--13",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292425",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clear:1998:SCB,
  author =       "Tony Clear",
  title =        "From structure to context-bridging the gap",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "13--14",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292427",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gorgone:1998:FLG,
  author =       "John T. Gorgone",
  title =        "A fresh look at {IS} graduate programs is needed",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "15--16",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292428",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dale:1998:PRR,
  author =       "Nell Dale",
  title =        "Publishing research results",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "17--18",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292429",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartman:1998:RVY,
  author =       "Janet Hartman",
  title =        "The reviewer's view of your proposal",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "19",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292430",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCauley:1998:GIR,
  author =       "Ren{\'e}e McCauley",
  title =        "General interest resources of use to computer science
                 educators",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "20--21",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292431",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1998:IYB,
  author =       "Deborah L. Knox",
  title =        "If you build it, they will come",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "22--23",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292432",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1998:WWC,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker",
  title =        "Writing within the computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "24--25",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292433",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gersting:1998:CWS,
  author =       "Judith L. Gersting and Frank H. Young",
  title =        "Contributions of the working student",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "26--27",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292434",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Szpiniak:1998:OET,
  author =       "Ariel Ferreira Szpiniak and Carlos D. Luna and Ricardo
                 H. Medel",
  title =        "Our experiences teaching functional programming at
                 {University of R{\'\i}o Cuarto (Argentina)}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "28--30",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292436",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The goal of this paper is to describe our experiences
                 in teaching functional programming in computer science
                 careers at the University of R{\'\i}o Cuarto
                 (Argentina). First, the frame in which the subject is
                 learned in these careers is established. Then, the
                 results after three years teaching this subject are
                 discussed. The main conclusion suggests maintaining
                 this subject in the curriculum, but redefining and
                 updating most of its contents.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1998:MIA,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker",
  title =        "Modules to introduce assertions and loop invariants
                 informally within {CS1}: experiences and observations",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "31--35",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292437",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Over the past several years, the author has written,
                 used, and refined several modules that help introduce
                 the concepts of assertions and loop invariants within
                 CS1. After discussing the motivation for this work,
                 this paper describes the development of the modules
                 themselves, including both successes and
                 disappointments. Feedback from students and the
                 observation of students within a lab setting may shed
                 light on the background and perspectives of
                 introductory computer science students. This work also
                 suggests some preliminary conclusions, which might be
                 worthy of more formal, carefully-controlled validation
                 studies in the future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCracken:1998:CAC,
  author =       "Daniel D. McCracken and Dennis J. Frailey",
  title =        "A conversation about computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "36--39",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292438",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This discussion began as an invitation to comment on
                 the advisability of replacing some of the study of data
                 structure implementation in CS2. It broadened into a
                 discussion of a number of other aspects of computer
                 science education. Dennis Frailey writes from an
                 industrial point of view, although he also teaches
                 computer science on an adjunct basis and was once a
                 full-time academic. Dan McCracken writes from an
                 academic point of view, although he has also worked in
                 industry.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Petre:1998:AITa,
  author =       "Marian Petre",
  title =        "Assessing innovation in teaching: an example",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "40--42",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292439",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hadjerrouit:1998:JFP,
  author =       "Said Hadjerrouit",
  title =        "{Java} as first programming language: a critical
                 evaluation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "43--47",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292440",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Due to the new possibilities it opens up on the Web,
                 the Java paradigm has received much attention. As a
                 result, many universities and colleges have introduced
                 Java into their undergraduate computer science
                 curriculum. However, the novelty and popularity of a
                 language do not automatically imply its suitability for
                 the learning of introductory programming. The main
                 purpose of this paper is to evaluate the suitability of
                 Java as a first language for students with no
                 programming background.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Biddle:1998:JPB,
  author =       "Robert Biddle and Ewan Tempero",
  title =        "{Java} pitfalls for beginners",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "48--52",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292441",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper we will examine the Java language, and
                 consider how easy it is for beginning programmers to
                 learn. We address primarily the issues that arise
                 directly from the language itself, and discuss whether
                 the promises are compromised by the pitfalls. This
                 analysis is the result of our teaching of Java to
                 people in industry, our consideration of whether Java
                 is suitable as a first programming language for
                 university students, and our earlier work involving
                 similar issues with regard to C++.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Myers:1998:EMH,
  author =       "J. Paul {Myers, Jr.}",
  title =        "The eight-minute halting problem",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "53--56",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292442",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "After years of presumed emphasis of CS theory in the
                 curriculum, it is currently in vogue to downplay, if
                 not disparage, a significant role for theoretical
                 issues. This is being done with such vigor, however,
                 that some are advocating an abandonment of even such
                 topics as unsolvability as being no longer fundamental
                 to a well-educated computing professional. An appeal is
                 made, using the universal acknowledgment of the
                 importance of the liberal arts to any well-educated
                 person, to assert that certain theoretical topics are
                 part of our liberal arts heritage. Moreover, students
                 find even a brief presentation of these topics to be
                 very illuminating.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schneider:1998:TCS,
  author =       "G. Michael Schneider and Daniel Schwalbe and Thomas M.
                 Halverson",
  title =        "Teaching computational science in a liberal arts
                 environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "57--60",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292443",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{OGorman:1998:TOS,
  author =       "John O'Gorman",
  title =        "Teaching operating systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "61--63",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292444",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article surveys the motives for including
                 operating systems in a computing course, and from these
                 deduces the content of a module in operating systems,
                 and how it should be taught. It suggests an approach
                 involving theory, internals, and system services.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bjorkman:1998:EPT,
  author =       "Christina Bjorkman and Ivan Christoff and Fredrik Palm
                 and Anna Vallin",
  title =        "Exploring the pipeline: towards an understanding of
                 the male dominated computing culture and its influence
                 on women",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "64--69",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.292445",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present a project aiming at making the computer
                 science program at Uppsala University in Sweden more
                 attractive to women. The main goal of the project is to
                 find explanations for the low number of female students
                 attending the program, and to identify possible
                 solutions to this problem. We focus on the prevailing
                 culture of the program. In the first phase of the
                 project, the program is analyzed from a gender
                 perspective. A study, based on questionnaires and
                 interviews, is carried out. The study will be completed
                 during Spring 1997. The questionnaires have been
                 analyzed and the results from these are presented in
                 this paper.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gersting:1998:YS,
  author =       "Judith L. Gersting",
  title =        "A {Year 2000} Story",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "70",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/292422.571913",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:31 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Condon:1998:ISI,
  author =       "Jennifer Condon",
  title =        "The {Irish} software industry and education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "1--4",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.282995",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goldberg:1998:BSV,
  author =       "Adele Goldberg",
  title =        "Building a system in virtual reality with
                 {LearningWorks}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "5--9",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.282996",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The LearningWorks project began in 1994 and has slowly
                 evolved, with its first major deployment in 1998 as the
                 delivery environment for the new first course in
                 Computing Science, M206, from the Open University, UK.
                 The purpose of this short paper is to introduce the
                 motivation and status of the project. We introduce the
                 LearningBook user model and the programming framework,
                 and then follow with a summary of a team-based
                 curriculum in which students can work together to
                 create simulations in a virtual reality world.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{ODwyer:1998:ESE,
  author =       "Tom O'Dwyer",
  title =        "Educational software --- a {European} perspective",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "10--13",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.282997",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Abernethy:1998:IBC,
  author =       "Ken Abernethy and Paula Gabbert and Kevin Treu",
  title =        "Inquiry-based computer science instruction: some
                 initial experiences",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "14--17",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283000",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In computer science, as well as in other disciplines,
                 it is critical to the success of the educational
                 process that students become actively engaged with the
                 material, rather than passive recipients of it.
                 Ideally, this interaction will begin before the class
                 meets on a particular topic, in a process known as
                 inquiry-based learning. This paper describes some
                 initial experiments with using technology to implement
                 an inquiry-based learning paradigm.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Abunawass:1998:IUB,
  author =       "Adel Abunawass and Martin Maskarinec and Kathleen
                 Neumann",
  title =        "An integratable unit based computer science distance
                 learning curriculum design for the {ACM\slash IEEE}
                 curricula 1991",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "18--20",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283001",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents the concept of learning units as a
                 vehicle for curriculum design in computer science that
                 is suited for distance learning. Our emergent view of
                 distance learning is based on desktop and Internet
                 technologies. This emergent view of distance learning
                 is neither bound by time nor by place. This is unlike
                 traditional distance learning programs where satellite
                 uplinks and/or videotapes are the primary method of
                 delivery of course lectures. The learning unit based
                 curriculum described here accounts for all of the
                 guidelines and knowledge units set forth in Curricula
                 1991 of the ACM/IEEE.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Astrachan:1998:CTH,
  author =       "Owen Astrachan",
  title =        "Concrete teaching: hooks and props as instructional
                 technology",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "21--24",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283003",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Hooks and props are mental or physical images used in
                 the classroom which help students as they learn new
                 topics. Concrete and constructive teaching are
                 essential in introductory programming courses. In this
                 paper we discuss active teaching and some ideas using
                 physical props and images that in our experience have
                 enhanced the teaching and learning process.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bampton:1998:TCS,
  author =       "Alvin Bampton",
  title =        "Teaching computer science in {Papua New Guinea}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "25--27",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283004",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper introduces some observed sociological and
                 cultural aspects of students. It is usually assumed
                 that these aspects are the same as the lecturer's own,
                 but that is not necessarily so, here in Papua New
                 Guinea. Assignments to encourage both the change of
                 attitude and for the practice of the technical content
                 of courses are described.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Borstler:1998:SCT,
  author =       "J{\"u}rgen B{\"o}rstler and Olof Johansson",
  title =        "The students conference --- a tool for the teaching of
                 research, writing, and presentation skills",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "28--31",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283007",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Good communication skills are very important for any
                 professional career. But few computer science curricula
                 provide courses to acquire these skills. This paper
                 describes a ``conference course,'' which was held at
                 our department to address research, technical writing
                 and presentation skills. We outline the experiment,
                 discuss our experiences, and present a proposal for a
                 follow-up course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Boulet:1998:TPM,
  author =       "Marie-Mich{\`e}le Boulet and Faouzi Ben Jebara and
                 Serge Boudreault",
  title =        "Teaching process modelling to undergraduate computer
                 students: effects of using {Lotus Notes} and television
                 programmes",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "32--36",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283009",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we describe the main characteristics of
                 the Information Technology distance course. The content
                 and instructional purposes of one unit 6 are
                 summarised. PARTENAIRE, the co-operative
                 learning-working environment developed with Lotus
                 Notes, is described. The results of the analysis of the
                 effects on students' learning follow these
                 descriptions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Callaghan:1998:DVD,
  author =       "Michael Callaghan and Heiko Hirschm{\"u}ller",
  title =        "{$3$-D} visualisation of design patterns and {Java}
                 programs in computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "37--40",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283012",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Object technology is the dominant software engineering
                 paradigm in most undergraduate computer science
                 courses. Two important topics in this area are design
                 patterns and Java programming, and indeed these are
                 increasingly taught side by side. This paper describes
                 a novel form of visualisation that makes use of a
                 combination of virtual reality and hypertext to
                 represent the structure and behaviour of
                 object-oriented design patterns and simple Java
                 programs, with the overall aim of providing tools to
                 enhance learning and understanding of these topics. For
                 patterns, the solution part of a pattern, which
                 consists of a software fragment of interacting objects,
                 is visualised in an animated 3-dimensional virtual
                 environment. The virtual reality view is embedded in a
                 rich inter-linked hyper-textual description. For Java
                 programs, the source code is first transformed into the
                 same simple software description language (SVL,
                 Software Visualisation Language) used for patterns.
                 Also included is a simple textual specification of a
                 run-time scenario defining the creation of objects and
                 their typical interaction, together with explanatory
                 ``comments''. As with design patterns, the structure
                 and run-time behaviour of the Java program can then be
                 visualised in three dimensions with synchronised
                 hyper-textual commentary.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carbone:1998:SMU,
  author =       "Angela Carbone and Jens J. Kaasb{\o}ll",
  title =        "A survey of methods used to evaluate computer science
                 teaching",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "41--45",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283014",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A literature survey shows that the teacher's own
                 impression of the teaching and the students is the most
                 common way of evaluating novelties in teaching.
                 However, also low cost methods with better validity and
                 reliability were found. These included data from
                 several sources, or they comprised of several learning
                 cycles in an iterative development.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carswell:1998:VUT,
  author =       "Linda Carswell",
  title =        "The {``Virtual University''}: toward an {Internet}
                 paradigm?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "46--50",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283017",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Universities make the assumption that providing
                 distance education is a simple process of translating
                 from one medium to the next: the current popular medium
                 being the Internet. However, the danger in this
                 approach is two fold. First, if the components of
                 distance education are ill understood then an
                 inappropriate pedagogy and strategy may result. Second,
                 a lack of understanding of the properties of the
                 Internet as a medium may cause unrealistic and
                 unrealisable expectations. Thus the inappropriate
                 strategy is matched to an unreliable medium expectation
                 and the distance education programme is unlikely to
                 provide the desired educational environment for the
                 student. This paper highlights the need to understand
                 the components of distance education and the properties
                 of the Internet before embarking upon a distance
                 education programme via the Internet: the Virtual
                 University. The paper summarises some of the
                 experiences of the Open University in this field and
                 reports on areas needing further research such as
                 tutoring (problem-solving sessions) and electronic
                 learning/teaching materials (development).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Casey:1998:LTW,
  author =       "Des Casey",
  title =        "Learning ``from'' or ``through'' the {Web}: models of
                 {Web} based education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "51--54",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283018",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Much of our human learning involves some form of face
                 to face communication between those that learn and
                 those that teach. The World Wide Web has become a
                 medium of education in recent times and a number of
                 models of learning have been used in teaching via the
                 Web. It is argued that any models so used need to
                 include a significant element of human interaction,
                 otherwise such models will be less than satisfactory
                 for a significant proportion of the learning
                 population.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Culwin:1998:WHA,
  author =       "Fintan Culwin",
  title =        "{Web} hosted assessment-possibilities and policy",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "55--58",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283020",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents a categorisation of Web hosted
                 assessment systems and then uses this to produce an
                 outline specification for a fully featured system,
                 against which other systems can be evaluated. It
                 concludes by considering the logistics of using such
                 systems for summative assessment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Curzon:1998:WDS,
  author =       "Paul Curzon and Janet Rix",
  title =        "Why do students take programming modules?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "59--63",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283022",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Programming jobs are increasingly scarce and yet an
                 increasing number of students are taking IT and
                 computing courses containing programming. It may
                 therefore be that many will never need to write
                 programs themselves. Instead the knowledge and skills
                 may be primarily of indirect use in other IT areas. If
                 being able to program is not the ultimate objective of
                 students taking such modules, then the aims and
                 objectives of curriculum developers may need to be
                 changed accordingly. In this paper, we investigate the
                 motivations that University students have for taking
                 programming modules, and look at how those motivations
                 change over time.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dagdilelis:1998:DST,
  author =       "V. Dagdilelis and M. Satratzemi",
  title =        "{DIDAGRAPH}: software for teaching graph theory
                 algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "64--68",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283024",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Graph theory and in particular its algorithmic aspect
                 is known as being a difficult topic in Computer
                 Science. In this paper we propose the software
                 DIDAGRAPH, which we are in the process of developing,
                 as a support for teaching graph algorithms. The
                 environment of DIDAGRAPH offers the possibility of
                 visualisation and experimentation so as to overcome
                 didactic problems, i.e., the intermediate stages of an
                 algorithm, their implementation in a programming
                 language etc. In DIDAGRAPH we are developing two
                 different frameworks to explore an algorithm: one to
                 explore in detail predetermined algorithms and a second
                 to develop arbitrary algorithms expressed with command
                 language in a visual environment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Davidovic:1998:OLE,
  author =       "Alex Davidovic and Elena Trichina",
  title =        "Open learning environment and instruction system
                 {(OLEIS)}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "69--73",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283028",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Intelligent Tutoring Systems are dynamically organised
                 instructional programs that employ representations of
                 expert, instructional, and student knowledge to provide
                 individualised instruction much like a personal human
                 tutor. Open Learning Environment and Instruction System
                 is an integrated authoring tool that enables any
                 computer-literate lecturer to construct intelligent
                 tutoring systems from existing teaching materials such
                 as texts, graphics, animation, sound, video,
                 simulators, HTML pages, software packages (i.e.,
                 compilers, spreadsheets, CAD-s...), etc. The system
                 makes it possible for a lecturer to take the pieces
                 built with standard software applications and configure
                 them into the components of an intelligent tutoring
                 system, which employs a number of different teaching
                 strategies and provides a regular student modelling
                 loop. This tool was designed at the School of Computer
                 and Information Science, University of South Australia,
                 and is currently being used for creating intelligent
                 multimedia courseware.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{deMarneffe:1998:PEQ,
  author =       "P. A. de Marneffe",
  title =        "The problem of examination questions in algorithmics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "74--76",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283030",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Algorithmics is a problem solving activity.
                 Examination questions must reflect this nature of the
                 domain. They must lead to open answers, but the
                 specific criteria used in grading these answers must be
                 clearly understood by the students. In this paper, we
                 explain which criteria we use in the context of a
                 course on algorithmics given to first year students in
                 Informatics and in Engineering. Our experience shows
                 that the teaching of very important topics in Computing
                 Science can never be automated.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dybdahl:1998:AFE,
  author =       "Arne Dybdahl and Erkki Sutinen and Jorma Tarhio",
  title =        "On animation features of {Excel}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "77--80",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283034",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We consider how to create animations with Microsoft
                 Excel. We present the capabilities of the drawing and
                 auditing tools, dynamic graphs, and special effects of
                 cells. Combining these features with the integrated
                 Visual Basic programming language provides the user
                 with an easy-to-use platform for versatile educational
                 visualisations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Farthing:1998:PMC,
  author =       "Dave W. Farthing and Dave M. Jones and Duncan McPhee",
  title =        "Permutational multiple-choice questions: an objective
                 and efficient alternative to essay-type examination
                 questions",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "81--85",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283036",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Despite the attractive characteristics of
                 multiple-choice questions --- efficient to mark, not
                 subjective, etc. --- they are rarely considered a
                 suitable substitute for traditional essay-type
                 questions. This is especially true for final year
                 honours degree examinations. This paper introduces a
                 new form of assessment: the Permutational
                 Multiple-Choice Question (PMCQ). Results of trials in
                 final year degree examinations indicate that these
                 questions are as good as essay-type questions at
                 discriminating among candidates. They also offer many
                 benefits: $ \bullet $ consistency and reliability in
                 marking $ \bullet $ reduced need for cross checking
                 among assessment teams, or between franchised
                 institutions, $ \bullet $ objective and reproducible
                 results; $ \bullet $ efficiency in marking $ \bullet $
                 quicker to mark, $ \bullet $ can be automated; $
                 \bullet $ broad coverage of syllabus. Unlike
                 traditional multiple-choice questions, PMCQs are not
                 susceptible to candidates guessing the correct answer.
                 Candidates who guessed the answers in a PMCQ test could
                 expect a mark of only 3\% (compared with 25\% in a
                 ``choose one from four'' test), and the likelihood of
                 gaining a 40\% pass mark in a test of ten PMCQs would
                 be only 1:4500 (rather than approx. 1:5).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fincher:1998:BAT,
  author =       "Sally Fincher and Marian Petre",
  title =        "Beyond anecdote towards real transfer: using other
                 institutions' experience of project work",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "86--89",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283038",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The EPCoS project (Effective Project work in Computer
                 Science) is working to map the range of project work
                 practices and to generate insights into what
                 characterises the contexts in which particular
                 techniques are effective. In assembling a body of
                 authentic examples, EPCoS aims to provide a resource
                 that enables extrapolation and synthesis of new
                 techniques. Structured resources and process models are
                 essential tools for supporting responsiveness in the
                 current climate of continual change: the rapid
                 development of computer technology is demanding new
                 range and flexibility in project work, and EPCoS's
                 mapping of project-based teaching allows practitioners
                 to respond to these changes. Moreover, EPCoS is
                 examining the process by which practices are
                 transferred between institutional contexts, with a view
                 to identifying effective models of that process. In
                 this paper, we describe EPCoS's work-in-progress and
                 describe briefly how technology makes the catalogue
                 easier to use, providing tailored access, fast
                 selection and juxtaposition, and the potential for an
                 extensible, updated, distributed resource.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gonzalez:1998:MEQ,
  author =       "Ruben Gonzalez and Greg Cranitch",
  title =        "Multimedia education-quo vadis?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "90--93",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283040",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents some of the issues we have
                 encountered in the development and implementation of
                 Australia's first undergraduate degree in Multimedia
                 within a faculty of Engineering and Applied Science. It
                 is designed to stimulate discussion about the academic
                 directions of multimedia undergraduate education. As a
                 means to achieving this, the paper will present an
                 overview of three levels of multimedia activity and an
                 overview of current research areas in multimedia. This
                 paper then assesses the likely intellectual tools
                 required by graduates in multimedia to ensure the
                 long-term viability of their learning during the
                 undergraduate degree. Finally some possible directions
                 will be presented for further discussion.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gray:1998:CLE,
  author =       "John Gray and Tom Boyle and Colin Smith",
  title =        "A constructivist learning environment implemented in
                 {Java}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "94--97",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283044",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper we describe the development of a
                 flexible and interactive learning environment for
                 studying the Java programming language. The system has
                 been written using Java and has been designed around an
                 extended version of the CORE [1] design methodology.
                 Earlier work using CORE resulted in hypertext based
                 learning environments such as CLEM (CORE Learning
                 Environment for Modula-2) [2]. The current work seeks
                 to enhance and augment the features provided in the
                 early work by offering additional representations of
                 the topics under study, incorporating audio and video
                 resources, and improving the flexibility of the
                 possible learning paths through the learning
                 materials.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Grove:1998:UPS,
  author =       "Ralph F. Grove",
  title =        "Using the personal software process to motivate good
                 programming practices",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "98--101",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283046",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A reduced form of the Personal Software Process was
                 used in two introductory programming courses to help
                 students learn the value of a proper programming
                 methodology. Students collected data during the
                 development of their programming projects and that data
                 was summarised and presented to the class as a whole.
                 From the data, students were able to conclude on their
                 own the value of early software development stages
                 (planning, design and review) in reducing debugging
                 time and in producing better quality software.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Haberman:1998:ADT,
  author =       "Bruria Haberman and Zahava Scherz and Ehud Shapiro",
  title =        "Abstract data types as a project development
                 organiser",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "102--104",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283076",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Abstract Data Types (ADTs) has been introduced
                 recently to Israeli high-school students as tools for
                 problem solving and knowledge representation in Prolog
                 environment. This paper reviews a research that was
                 conducted in order to assess the influence of students'
                 use of ADTs on the development process of
                 knowledge-based Prolog programs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hadjerrouit:1998:CFI,
  author =       "Said Hadjerrouit",
  title =        "A constructivist framework for integrating the {Java}
                 paradigm into the undergraduate curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "105--107",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283079",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The educational use of Java at the introductory level
                 is still in its infancy and effective teaching
                 strategies are only beginning to emerge. Java is a new
                 technology designed to promote a new computing
                 paradigm. To produce a new generation of students
                 skilled in Java, undergraduate computer science should
                 be taught from the perspective of developing a strong
                 Java foundation. This paper describes a pedagogical
                 framework motivated by principles found in the
                 constructivist learning theory for integrating the Java
                 paradigm into the undergraduate curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hagan:1998:VDC,
  author =       "Dianne Hagan and Judy Sheard",
  title =        "The value of discussion classes for teaching
                 introductory programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "108--111",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283081",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In an attempt to improve the teaching and learning of
                 first year programming, a weekly one-hour discussion
                 class was added in 1996 to the lectures and
                 microcomputer laboratory sessions that students
                 attended. Discussion classes were held in classrooms
                 without computers, and students were provided with
                 enjoyable activities to perform in small groups. The
                 activities forced discussion of new programming
                 concepts, and helped students to clarify their
                 understanding of them. The tutors' role was to provoke
                 discussion rather than simply providing answers.
                 Student results that year showed an improvement. In
                 1997, for financial reasons, the discussion classes
                 were discontinued, and student results deteriorated. As
                 a consequence, discussion classes have been reinstated
                 in 1998. The language used to implement the programming
                 concepts in each of these years was C++.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hampel:1998:HTM,
  author =       "Thorsten Hampel and Ferdinand Ferber and Reinhard
                 Keil-Slawik and Wolfgang H. M{\"u}ller",
  title =        "Hypermedia teaching of mechanics-{MechANIma}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "112--116",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283084",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper we describe the mechANIma project, a
                 joint venture between the department of computer
                 science and the laboratory for mechanics at the
                 University of Paderborn, Germany.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hilburn:1998:SEA,
  author =       "Thomas B. Hilburn and Susan Mengel and Donald J.
                 Bagert and Dale Oexmann",
  title =        "Software engineering across computing curricula",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "117--121",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283086",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we address issues that are pertinent to
                 the improvement of software engineering curricula. We
                 submit that a key impediment to the development of new
                 courses and curricula and the advancement of software
                 engineering education is the lack of guidance and
                 support for such development. In this paper we propose
                 the creation of a set of ``Guidelines for Software
                 Education''. We outline the content of such Guidelines
                 and discuss some initial steps in defining the body of
                 knowledge that is a foundation for the Guidelines.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hoggarth:1998:ASD,
  author =       "Gil Hoggarth and Mike Lockyer",
  title =        "An automated student diagram assessment system",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "122--124",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283089",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The teaching of systems analysis and design
                 diagramming methods commonly utilises Computer Aided
                 Software Engineering (CASE) tools to provide a way for
                 students to actively practice the subject. However,
                 many versions of these tools do not cater for the
                 academic users who will require assistance in the
                 underlying methods as well as the usage of the tool.
                 The automated diagram comparison system developed at
                 the University of Teesside can be used by students to
                 compare a diagram that they consider to be a solution
                 to a given problem against a model answer, and receive
                 feedback commenting on their solution, which
                 strengthens their understanding of the subject. This
                 paper outlines a framework for such interactive
                 learning, describes the use of the diagram comparison
                 system, and highlights the benefits for the student.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jenkins:1998:PAT,
  author =       "Tony Jenkins",
  title =        "A participative approach to teaching programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "125--129",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283090",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we describe an approach to the teaching
                 of introductory programming to students with no
                 previous experience of programming. The approach is
                 based on the key idea of making students active
                 participants in classes rather than passive recipients
                 as might be the case when they are exposed to more
                 traditional lecture-based teaching. In these classes
                 the students are called upon to adopt the r{\^o}les of
                 various components in a program and to ``act out''
                 relevant processes and procedures. We consider why such
                 an approach might be effective and why it might be
                 expected to be particularly effective in the area of
                 introductory programming. The techniques described were
                 developed and tested during the 1997/98 academic
                 session in the School of Computer Studies at the
                 University of Leeds. At the end of the presentation a
                 brief evaluation was carried out. In conclusion we
                 consider the effectiveness of the approach after a
                 semester's experience and describe planned future
                 developments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Johnson:1998:VOH,
  author =       "Jeremy Johnson and Y. N. Lakshman and Thomas T. Hewett
                 and Tim Souder and Tom Fitzgerald and Sara Donegan and
                 Paul Morgovsky",
  title =        "Virtual office hours using {TechTalk}, a {Web}-based
                 mathematical collaboration tool",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "130--133",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283094",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper reports on the use of TechTalk, a web based
                 chat environment designed for scientific and
                 mathematical collaboration, in mathematics instruction.
                 Techtalk provides internet access to shared Maple and
                 MATLAB sessions and the ability to conduct a multiway
                 conversation. Using this feature an instructor is able
                 to answer questions on Maple/MATLAB outside of the
                 classroom and outside of conventional, face-to-face
                 office hours.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Joy:1998:EEM,
  author =       "Mike Joy and Michael Luck",
  title =        "Effective electronic marking for on-line assessment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "134--138",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283096",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In response to the demands of increasing student
                 numbers, the BOSS system for submission and assessment
                 has been constructed to enable student programming
                 assignments to be submitted and tested on-line. More
                 recent developments of this system have been concerned
                 with the addition of electronic marking facilities that
                 incorporate both automated marking, resulting from the
                 automated testing, and manual marking in a secure
                 environment. This paper briefly reviews the system and
                 describes in detail the electronic marksheets, their
                 functionality, and their user-interface.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Karpouzis:1998:RPC,
  author =       "Kostas Karpouzis and Stefanos Kollias",
  title =        "The rendering pipeline in the classroom: a diversified
                 approach",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "139--142",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283099",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper we describe an integrated method of
                 teaching an introductory computer graphics course. Most
                 such courses are simply ``art-oriented'', that is they
                 focus on getting students to use modern commercial
                 software, so as to prepare them for a corresponding
                 career, or concentrate on the basic concepts of
                 graphics theory and merely provide a theoretical
                 foundation, such as simple translations and
                 projections; in this case, they usually fail to
                 motivate the class by producing practical interesting
                 examples. The curriculum that we propose combines
                 theoretical knowledge of introductory computer graphics
                 concepts and techniques with laboratory work in
                 programming or modelling and animation exercises. This
                 set of applied laboratory exercises is relevant to the
                 material taught in class, but also extends to
                 familiarising students with the modern uses of computer
                 generated imagery, such as films, virtual worlds or
                 medical imaging. The feedback from the students,
                 combined with their success in the course, shows that
                 this coupled teaching and immersion material is by far
                 more interesting and challenging, while still providing
                 them with the essential academic background.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kluit:1998:VPJ,
  author =       "Peter G. Kluit and Marleen Sint and Frank Wester",
  title =        "Visual programming with {Java}: evaluation of an
                 introductory programming course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "143--147",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283100",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "During 1996/1997 the authors were involved in writing
                 an introductory programming course for distance
                 learning, based on Java and visual programming. In the
                 fall of 1997 the course material was used both at the
                 Dutch Open University and at Delft University of
                 Technology. In this paper we report on our experiences
                 in first using the course material.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kotze:1998:WHM,
  author =       "Paula Kotz{\'e}",
  title =        "Why the hypermedia model is inadequate for
                 computer-based instruction",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "148--152",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283101",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "With the persuasiveness of hypermedia and its
                 advocated use in computer-based instruction (CBI), it
                 is important to understand the relationship between the
                 two directions. The major difference lies in the way
                 nodes are traversed and the rules that govern such
                 traversals. Whereas hypermedia systems are limited to
                 referential browsing, computer-based instructional
                 systems also require contextual linking enabling the
                 traversal of alternative routes based on the
                 performance level of a student and/or the instructional
                 mode involved. This requires additional facilities not
                 available in the hypermedia model. In this paper, we
                 describe an abstract model of computer-based
                 instructional systems that can be used to highlight the
                 inadequacies of the general hypermedia model and extend
                 its conceptual base to a much wider range of
                 instructional modes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lambrix:1998:CSI,
  author =       "Patrick Lambrix and Mariam Kamkar",
  title =        "Computer science as an integrated part of engineering
                 education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "153--156",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283105",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Information Technology curriculum at Link{\"o}ping
                 University has as goal to form engineers with an
                 integrated view of engineering. The teaching philosophy
                 in this curriculum is Problem-Based Learning. The
                 education in each term is organised in a number of
                 themes where topics from different disciplines are
                 integrated. We describe a particular term in the
                 Information Technology curriculum as an example of the
                 approach and the integration of computer science
                 teaching with the teaching of other disciplines. An
                 important advantage of the approach is that the
                 students discover interactions between different
                 disciplines and view the different topics as naturally
                 connected. Also, the students seem to have a better
                 understanding of the topics and are better motivated.
                 Further, they obtain improved communication and
                 co-operation skills. Another advantage is that the
                 approach is appreciated by our female students, which
                 has led to a higher percentage of female students in
                 this curriculum compared to our other computer science
                 curricula.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lewis:1998:CBN,
  author =       "Stuart Lewis and Gaius Mulley",
  title =        "A comparison between novice and experienced compiler
                 users in a learning environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "157--161",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283106",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A locally built Modula-2 compiler has been used for
                 number of years in our School. The messages that are
                 emitted from the compiler when run by first and final
                 year students have been logged. Over the last two years
                 we have been improving the usefulness of these
                 messages. This paper presents an analysis of these
                 results.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Makkonen:1998:WBP,
  author =       "Pekka Makkonen",
  title =        "{WWW}-based presentations as a complementary part of
                 conventional lectures in the basic of informatics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "162--165",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283107",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Hypertext and the WWW appear to affect learning
                 positively. Both techniques enable the constructivistic
                 learning environment to support a student's knowledge
                 construction and a more active role of a student.
                 However, the problems associated with them may endanger
                 the positive effect on learning. Thus, the role of
                 hypertext and the WWW must be discussed. Because of the
                 common problems of ``information overload'' and
                 ``lost-in hyperspace'', we suggest guided tours in the
                 form of a slide show presentation as a solution to
                 organise a hypermedia presentation on the WWW for the
                 basics in informatics. These slides include links to
                 the supporting web sites. In addition to guided tours,
                 we also suggest that the use of search engines and
                 directories must be promoted. This paper describes the
                 use of the WWW-based guided tours as a complementary
                 part of conventional lectures in the learning of the
                 basics in informatics. We give reasons for our approach
                 based on both discussion about the role of the WWW in
                 learning and the results of our pre-questionnaire.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mansouri:1998:PPA,
  author =       "Fatima Z. Mansouri and Cleveland A. Gibbon and Colin
                 A. Higgins",
  title =        "{PRAM}: {Prolog} automatic marker",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "166--170",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283108",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Sometime during their academic career, most teachers
                 will have to mark and assess students' work. A system
                 that automatically marks students' work and gives
                 instant feedback would be highly beneficial to both
                 teachers and students alike. A Prolog automatic marker
                 is described here for this purpose.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Marshall:1998:UIT,
  author =       "David Marshall",
  title =        "Using the {Internet} to teach the {Internet}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "171--174",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283109",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In recent years a methodology for Courseware design
                 together with a number of Web based courses have been
                 developed at Cardiff. A variety of disciplines have
                 benefited notably C programming, X Window/Motif
                 programming, Computer Vision, Image Processing,
                 Computer Graphics, Artificial Intelligence and Parallel
                 Computing. The range of provision of on-line support
                 included access to lecture notes, exercises and their
                 solutions to more interactive packages suited primarily
                 for teaching and demonstration packages. This last
                 academic year a totally new course, Internet Computing,
                 was introduced as a first year undergraduate course at
                 the University. This paper details the implementation
                 of this new course within the courseware design
                 methodologies already developed at Cardiff. In
                 particular, it highlights some interactive features
                 used to illustrate parts of the course and also how
                 automated feedback and marking have been incorporated
                 into the courseware.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mayo:1998:SNL,
  author =       "Jean Mayo and Phil Kearns",
  title =        "A secure networked laboratory for kernel programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "175--177",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283112",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Recently, several flavours of UNIX have appeared which
                 run on inexpensive personal computers. Further, the
                 source code for these operating systems is freely
                 available. This makes offering courses that include
                 realistic kernel programming feasible in an academic
                 environment. However, root access is required in order
                 to modify a system's kernel. This poses a potential
                 security threat both to other systems on the network
                 and to other users of a single machine. This paper
                 presents a lab design which securely integrates
                 machines with untrusted users acting as root into a
                 secured network, and which securely allows multiple
                 users root access to the same machine.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Medley:1998:LFC,
  author =       "M. Dee Medley",
  title =        "On-line finals for {CS1} and {CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "178--180",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283114",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, I describe the implementation of
                 on-line final examinations for CS1 and CS2. I also
                 include a brief statistical comparison of outcomes of
                 using that form of examination and the more
                 traditional, written final examination.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Naps:1998:JVC,
  author =       "Thomas L. Naps",
  title =        "A {Java} visualiser class: incorporating algorithm
                 visualisations into students' programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "181--184",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283116",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Using algorithm visualisation, we depict the execution
                 of an algorithm as a sequence of graphical snapshots,
                 the viewing of which is controlled by the user. Current
                 evidence indicates that algorithm visualisation is most
                 effective as a pedagogical tool when students
                 themselves are responsible for building the
                 visualisation from their code. This paper discusses our
                 use of a Visualiser class in Java. By providing such a
                 class to students, they are able to incorporate into
                 their programs, with relative ease, effective
                 visualisations of the algorithms that their programs
                 implement. This leads to both better understanding of
                 the algorithm from a conceptual perspective and better
                 proficiency at coding the algorithm.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Persky:1998:REC,
  author =       "Yakov Persky and Mordechai Ben-Ari",
  title =        "Re-engineering a concurrency simulator",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "185--188",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283117",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "SimAda is a concurrency simulator, reengineered from
                 the simulator given in M. Ben-Ari, Principles of
                 Concurrent Programming. The language was written in Ada
                 95 to enhance portability and to utilise the
                 structuring constructs of a modern language. The
                 concurrency constructs simulated include protected
                 types which are new for Ada 95, as well as the Ada
                 rendezvous. Several task scheduling models can be
                 chosen for experimentation. SimAda is intended for
                 teaching concurrency, both by running programs and by
                 studying the implementation techniques.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pilgrim:1998:SLE,
  author =       "C. J. Pilgrim and M. J. Creek",
  title =        "The {Swinburne On-Line Education Project}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "189--192",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283119",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Many universities throughout the world are exploring
                 the possibilities of on-line delivery of educational
                 programs. These developments have the potential to
                 significantly change the face of higher education as we
                 know it today. In order to compete in an international
                 market, Swinburne University of Technology has decided
                 on a strategic approach to the development of web-based
                 delivery of courses. This paper will report on all
                 aspects of the Swinburne On-line Education (OLE)
                 project especially the developments within the School
                 of Information Technology which has the responsibility
                 for the delivery of Computer Science programs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Preston:1998:SID,
  author =       "Jon Anderson Preston and Russell Shackelford",
  title =        "A system for improving distance and large-scale
                 classes",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "193--198",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283121",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The emergence of large-scale classes and distance
                 education has created problems that cannot be
                 adequately addressed by the traditional student-teacher
                 based model of interaction. Students in large-scale
                 classes and distance education environments do not
                 receive the same kind of interaction with the
                 instructor they may have received in smaller, more
                 traditional classroom settings. Our experiences have
                 resulted in ``lessons learned'' and solutions that
                 address issues that arise in distance and large-scale
                 education. This paper presents these solutions and an
                 in-progress system that facilitates the interaction and
                 information flow of students, raters, and
                 instructors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Resler:1998:VVT,
  author =       "R. Daniel Resler and Dean M. Deaver",
  title =        "{VCOCO}: a visualisation tool for teaching compilers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "199--202",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283123",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The study of the inner-workings of a compiler can be
                 greatly simplified through use of a visible compiler. A
                 visible compiler allows close inspection of the
                 compilation process as a ``real'' program is being
                 compiled. In this paper we present VCOCO ({Visible
                 COmpiler COmpiler}), a program that generates LL(1)
                 visible compilers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Riser:1998:LJT,
  author =       "Robert Riser and Donald Gotterbarn",
  title =        "On-line journal: a tool for enhancing student
                 journals",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "203--205",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283124",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses the development of a web-based
                 on-line journal to replace a traditional project
                 journal in a writing intensive undergraduate software
                 engineering course. The on-line journal allows students
                 to conveniently maintain their project journals while
                 allowing the instructor to more effectively review
                 student journals and provide timely feedback.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roantree:1998:ACC,
  author =       "Mark Roantree and Tia E. Keyes",
  title =        "Automated collection of coursework using the {Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "206--208",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283125",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Coursework is a necessary part of most subjects in
                 most disciplines. Some subjects require a series of
                 continuous assessments to be taken during the course of
                 the semester, resulting in a large amount of paperwork
                 and administrative overhead. In this paper we describe
                 a mechanism for collecting coursework, providing a
                 means of verifying receipt of coursework, and
                 publishing the results automatically. The aim of the
                 work is to provide a user-friendly interface for
                 students to submit all forms of electronic coursework
                 (textual and binary), and an equally user-friendly
                 interface for tutors to download coursework, and
                 subsequently publish the coursework grade. In this way,
                 neither the student nor the tutor need be expert in
                 computing, and the overhead of processing coursework is
                 greatly diminished.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberts:1998:SUT,
  author =       "Eric Roberts",
  title =        "Strategies for using technology in the teaching of
                 ethics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "209--212",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283127",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Particularly with the advent of the World Wide Web,
                 the Internet has become an important tool in education,
                 both in computer science and across the broader
                 curriculum. This paper describes several strategies for
                 integrating the use of the Internet into a course on
                 computing ethics. Those strategies include using the
                 Internet as a research tool, as a discussion medium,
                 and as a publication channel. While some of those
                 strategies have proved highly effective,
                 others---particularly using the Internet for
                 discussion---have been much more problematical. This
                 paper outlines the problems that arise in each of these
                 usage paradigms and describes how the course has
                 evolved in an effort to address the shortcomings.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberts:1998:DJG,
  author =       "Eric Roberts and Antoine Picard",
  title =        "Designing a {Java} graphics library for {CS} 1",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "213--218",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283129",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In recent years, there has been considerable interest
                 in using Java in introductory computer science courses.
                 The advantages of choosing Java, however, must be
                 balanced against two significant drawbacks: the
                 instability caused by the rapid evolution of the Java
                 toolkits and the complexity of the graphics model for
                 new students. This paper outlines a strategy for
                 teaching Java that eliminates these problems. The first
                 component of that strategy is a set of low-level
                 classes, DBCanvas and XGraphics, which together offer a
                 double-buffered graphics model that is well matched to
                 student intuition. The second component is a set of
                 higher-level classes, principally Collage and Widget,
                 which make it easy to introduce object-oriented
                 techniques at the beginning of CS1. The sources for
                 these classes are available on the Web at the URL
                 http://cse.stanford.edu/java",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rosen:1998:AIH,
  author =       "C. Rosen and D. Simper and J. I. Bostock",
  title =        "An augmented induction for {HND} computer studies
                 students through an early integrated,
                 inter-disciplinary assignment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "219--222",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283546",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Poor progression rates on the first year of the Higher
                 National Diploma (HND) Computer Studies at the
                 University of Derby have been a significant issue for
                 the department for several years. Problems were
                 attributed to the modular nature of the course and a
                 lack of social skills on the part of the students. The
                 course was modified by introducing a three week
                 programme at the beginning of the course which
                 integrated the Systems Analysis, Introductory
                 Programming and Fundamentals modules. The approach was
                 designed to improve progression rates by breaking down
                 barriers both between students, and between course
                 modules. It also aimed to facilitate the transition
                 from further to higher education by providing a more
                 structured induction and a more closely managed initial
                 experience for the students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sheard:1998:OFS,
  author =       "Judy Sheard and Dianne Hagan",
  title =        "Our failing students: a study of a repeat group",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "223--227",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283550",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The high failure and low retention rates of students
                 in introductory programming courses are of growing
                 concern. This study looks at a group of students who
                 are repeating an introductory programming subject,
                 exploring issues which may affect their learning and
                 ultimate success. Comparisons are made with a group of
                 new students undertaking the same subject. The students
                 were surveyed in the middle and at the end of one
                 semester. A profile of the students, focussing on their
                 motivation for their course selection and commitment to
                 this course, was established. Their opinions on the
                 usefulness of their classes, various resources,
                 tutorial work and assignment work were sought. The
                 needs and concerns of these students, highlighted in
                 the surveys, are discussed and suggestions are made for
                 the establishment of a special learning environment for
                 failing students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Taylor:1998:MCT,
  author =       "R. Gregory Taylor",
  title =        "Motivating the {Church--Turing} thesis in the
                 twenty-first century",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "228--231",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283551",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/turing-alan-mathison.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Theory of Computation students frequently fail to
                 appreciate the significance of the Church---Turing
                 Thesis for one of two reasons. First, there is a
                 tendency, on the part of students, to regard
                 Church---Turing as tautologous and, consequently,
                 devoid of important content. Second, there is a
                 contrary impulse to view Church---Turing as unmotivated
                 or even implausible. We describe our experience using
                 simulation software in an effort to combat these two
                 tendencies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{TenEyck:1998:SAD,
  author =       "James {Ten Eyck} and G. Sampath and Richard
                 Goldstone",
  title =        "Specification of an algorithm design system",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "232--235",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283552",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes an Internet based system for
                 studying the design of algorithms and the structure of
                 mathematical proofs. The Algorithm Design System
                 consists of a framework for the construction and
                 maintenance of the learning environment by a
                 distributed group of contributors, and a set of web
                 pages, produced by the contributors, that form the
                 learning environment used by students of algorithm
                 analysis and design. The framework of the system that
                 we describe allows for the material used by students to
                 grow dynamically in a distributed environment and
                 provides constraints to ensure the uniformity of form
                 and quality of content of the end product. The paper
                 discusses both the architecture of the system and the
                 content of the pages that it produces.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tiwari:1998:LGT,
  author =       "Ashok Tiwari and Clive Holtham",
  title =        "Learning groupware through using groupware-computer
                 supported collaborative learning with face to face
                 students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "236--238",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283553",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "There is a long history of Computer Supported
                 Collaborative Learning (CSCL) being applied to students
                 on distance learning courses, and there is a
                 significant body of literature in this area [5,6,10].
                 This paper reports by contrast the use of CSCL for
                 conventional full time face to face students. It
                 comprised part of the final phase of a research council
                 funded study of innovative CSCW applications.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{VanScoy:1998:UBC,
  author =       "Frances L. {Van Scoy}",
  title =        "Using the {BURKS} 2 {CD}-{ROM} in a principles of
                 programming languages course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "239--242",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283555",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we describe the use of the BURKS 2
                 CD-ROM in a principles of programming languages course.
                 The CD-ROM contains compilers and documentation for
                 many programming languages. The course described in
                 this paper emphasises principles and paradigms of
                 languages rather than the details of one or two
                 specific languages.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wade:1998:EDD,
  author =       "Vincent P. Wade and Conor Power",
  title =        "Evaluating the design and delivery of {WWW} based
                 educational environments and courseware",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "243--248",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283556",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The mid 1990s has seen a significant growth in both
                 the popularity and development of WWW based courseware
                 and delivery. However, such efforts have been very
                 variable in both effectiveness and comprehensiveness.
                 This paper identifies a set of general requirements
                 necessary in designing a pedagogically successful WWW
                 based educational experience, which can be used in the
                 assessment of WWW based educational courses. To
                 illustrate how such requirements can be successfully
                 addressed, the evaluation of a WWW based course which
                 was trialed over a three-year period with approximately
                 300 students is presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ward:1998:JFP,
  author =       "Robert Ward and Martin Smith",
  title =        "{JavaScript} as a first programming language for
                 multimedia students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "249--253",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283557",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Whilst there has been much discussion of Java as a
                 first programming language, JavaScript has been
                 comparatively ignored. This paper argues the merits of
                 JavaScript as a first programming language for
                 Multimedia students. It then describes the content of
                 modules that use this approach, and reports experiences
                 and findings on first delivery. As a result of positive
                 experiences we are now planning to use JavaScript as
                 precursor to Java for mainstream Computing students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Whitehurst:1998:USM,
  author =       "R. Alan Whitehurst and Christopher L. Powell and Jason
                 S. Izatt",
  title =        "Utilising the student model in distance learning",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "254--256",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283558",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A key to effective automated learning systems is the
                 ability to dynamically adapt learning strategies to the
                 needs of individual students. This presentation will
                 describe the dynamic presentation facility of the
                 DANDIE distance-based learning system that utilises a
                 student model and intelligent system techniques to
                 optimise presentation content and form to meet
                 individual needs. Given a knowledge-base of course
                 material, the system adapts the information through the
                 selection of predefined learning strategies,
                 dynamically constructs an interconnected set of
                 presentation modules, and evaluates the effectiveness
                 of the presentation strategy with respect to the
                 individual student.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Woit:1998:LLP,
  author =       "Denise M. Woit and David V. Mason",
  title =        "Lessons from on-line programming examinations",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "257--259",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283560",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We have been using a combination of conventional and
                 on-line programming examinations for the past 3 years
                 in our first year programming courses. We plan to
                 continue using on-line components because of the
                 positive feedback from both students and faculty. We
                 describe the operational and pedagogical lessons we
                 have learned, illustrating problems encountered and our
                 solutions, in the hope that others considering on-line
                 examinations may also benefit from our experiences.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mead:1998:EYE,
  author =       "Nancy R. Mead and Thomas B. Hilburn and Donald J.
                 Bagert and Michael Ryan and Oddur Benediktsson and
                 Frances {Van Scoy}",
  title =        "Everything you ever wanted to know about software
                 engineering education, but were afraid to ask (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "260--263",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283562",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this panel, we will address questions on software
                 engineering education that are voted on by the
                 conference attendees in advance of the session. A
                 sample set of questions will be posted. Conference
                 attendees who will then vote on the questions to be
                 addressed by the panel will augment these. After the
                 panellists provide answers to a given question, the
                 discussion will be opened up for follow-up questions or
                 comments by the conference attendees.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Neal:1998:IPU,
  author =       "L. R. Neal and A. D. Irons",
  title =        "Integrating professionalism into undergraduate degree
                 courses in computing (panel)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "264--267",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283563",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Graduates of degree programmes in computing are
                 generally assumed to be seeking careers as
                 professionals in information systems. Consequently, in
                 the UK, nearly all courses seek accreditation through
                 the professional institute for information systems
                 engineering, the British Computer Society. Such
                 accreditation signifies that graduates have satisfied
                 the educational requirements for the recognised
                 professional engineering status of Chartered Engineer.
                 One requirement for such accreditation is that a range
                 of professional issues are covered in the degree
                 programme that are relevant to the branch of
                 engineering addressed. This paper discusses the need
                 for professionalism to be an integral part of any
                 computing degree, with examples of implementation
                 within the Department of Information Systems at Brunel
                 University and at the University of Northumbria at
                 Newcastle.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Norris:1998:ETY,
  author =       "Cathleen Norris and Jennifer Smolka and Elliot
                 Soloway",
  title =        "Educational technology over 25 years (panel):
                 understanding the conditions when it works",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "268",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283564",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ellis:1998:GWG,
  author =       "Ainslie Ellis",
  title =        "Group 1 (working group): development and use of
                 multimedia and {Internet} resources for a problem based
                 learning environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "269",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283566",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Medley:1998:GWG,
  author =       "M. Dee Medley and Rebecca H. Rutherfoord",
  title =        "Group 2 (working group): ethical issues related to
                 {Internet} development and research",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "269",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283568",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bergin:1998:GWG,
  author =       "Joseph Bergin and Thomas L. Naps",
  title =        "Group 3 (working group): curricular opportunities of
                 {Java} based {Internet} software development",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "270",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283570",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Grissom:1998:GWG,
  author =       "Scott Grissom and Deborah Knox",
  title =        "Group 5 (working group): the on-line computer science
                 teaching centre",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "270",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283573",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Thomas:1998:GWG,
  author =       "Stan Thomas",
  title =        "Group 4 (working group): the impact of campus-wide
                 portable computing on computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "270",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283571",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carter:1998:OOS,
  author =       "J. Carter and A. Fowler",
  title =        "Object oriented students? (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "271",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283574",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this poster, we describe our initial experiences
                 when teaching an Object Oriented programming language
                 to first year undergraduate students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cassel:1998:DLU,
  author =       "Lillian N. Cassel",
  title =        "A digital library for undergraduate education: goals
                 and status of efforts at the {US} National Science
                 Foundation (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "272",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283576",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clark:1998:EDI,
  author =       "Martyn Clark",
  title =        "Electronic discussions in information systems
                 (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "273",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283581",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clear:1998:GCD,
  author =       "A. G. Clear",
  title =        "A generic collaborative database-part of a strategy to
                 internationalise the curriculum and develop teamwork
                 and communication capabilities (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "274",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283582",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This presentation reports on progress in using
                 Groupware concepts, to assist collaborative learning
                 across boundaries of time and space, to broaden the
                 student learning experience and develop capabilities in
                 the use of IT for cross cultural communication.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cooper:1998:DII,
  author =       "Peter A. Cooper",
  title =        "Designing {Internet} instructional environments
                 (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "275",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283584",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In the last 15 years, there has a sea change in
                 technology-based instructional environments. Early and
                 simple environments such as Hypercard stacks have given
                 way to richer interactive instructional environments
                 where the learner is relatively free to explore at her
                 own pace and to construct meaningful conceptual schema
                 within the context of that environment. Transferring
                 these new and rich environments to the Internet pose
                 significant problems among which are security,
                 interactive communication, data storage and bandwidth.
                 The purpose of this poster session is to present an
                 example of how an instructional environment can be
                 delivered via the World Wide Web. The purpose is to
                 identify strategies for the deliver of instructional
                 materials and environments over the Internet. In doing
                 so, the author hopes to open the door to discussion and
                 to the development of well-defined tools for
                 instructional application development.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Daly:1998:PSC,
  author =       "Charlie Daly",
  title =        "A proposed structure for a computer based learning
                 environment --- a pragmatic approach (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "276",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283586",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Davies:1998:HCC,
  author =       "Gordon Davies and John Impagliazzo",
  title =        "History in the computing curriculum (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "277",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283587",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Drummond:1998:GSE,
  author =       "Sarah Drummond",
  title =        "Groupware for software engineering student group
                 projects (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "278",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283589",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ellis:1998:UMW,
  author =       "Ainslie Ellis",
  title =        "Use of multimedia and {World Wide Web} resources in a
                 traditional lecture\slash tutorial environment
                 (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "279",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283591",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fernandez:1998:UVI,
  author =       "Alejandro Fern{\'a}ndez and Gustavo Rossi",
  title =        "Using visualisation to improve object-oriented
                 thinking (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "280",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283593",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper we describe a learning environment that
                 combines usual features of object oriented programming
                 environments with visualisation and animation of
                 object-oriented applications. The purpose of this
                 learning tool is to improve students' mental models of
                 object-oriented systems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fuller:1998:VSR,
  author =       "Ursula Fuller and John Slater and Gill Tardivel",
  title =        "Virtual seminars-real networked results? (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "281",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283596",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Holliday:1998:WBI,
  author =       "Mark A. Holliday",
  title =        "A {Web}-based introduction to computer networks
                 (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "282",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283597",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hollinworth:1998:DMC,
  author =       "Nick D. P. Hollinworth",
  title =        "The design of multimedia courseware (poster):
                 preliminary survey results",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "283",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283599",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Johansson:1998:PEP,
  author =       "Per-Gunnar Johansson",
  title =        "Programming by example (poster): an instructional
                 approach allowing introductory students to quickly
                 grasp the power and excitement of programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "284",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283613",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{King:1998:EST,
  author =       "C. King",
  title =        "An evaluation of strategies for teaching technical
                 computing topics to students at different levels
                 (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "285",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283614",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Koldehofe:1998:BAD,
  author =       "Boris Koldehofe and Marina Papatriantafilou and
                 Philippas Tsigas",
  title =        "Building animations of distributed algorithms for
                 educational purposes (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "286",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283615",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kolikant:1998:HMD,
  author =       "Yifat Ben-David Kolikant",
  title =        "``How much did you get?'' (poster): the influence of
                 algebraic knowledge of computer science students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "287",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283616",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kumar:1998:EPC,
  author =       "Amruth N. Kumar",
  title =        "Evaluating the pedagogy of computer science courseware
                 delivered over the {Web} (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "288",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283617",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lee:1998:PVD,
  author =       "Pete Lee and Chris Phillips",
  title =        "Programming versus design (poster): teaching first
                 year students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "289",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283618",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Leung:1998:DWW,
  author =       "Raymond M. W. Leung and Eugenia M. W. Ng",
  title =        "Does {World Wide Web} provide better resources than
                 library for learning --- a case study (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "290",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283619",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lidtke:1998:TCT,
  author =       "Doris K. Lidtke and Harry H. Zhou",
  title =        "A top-down, collaborative teaching approach of
                 introductory courses in computer sciences (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "291",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283620",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McNally:1998:UIP,
  author =       "Myles F. McNally",
  title =        "Using image processing as a laboratory theme in {CS1}
                 and {CS2} (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "292",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283622",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Meyer:1998:SFC,
  author =       "Jeanine Meyer and Stuart A. Varden",
  title =        "A survey of first computing course students (poster):
                 new findings and their implications for the
                 curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "293",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283623",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Meyerowitz:1998:SDM,
  author =       "Jane Meyerowitz and Maurice Mars and Steve Knight",
  title =        "Student development of multimedia {CBE} (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "294",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283626",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Experiences with a large scale CAL project development
                 by Computer Science Honours students are discussed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Moore:1998:MCP,
  author =       "Simon Moore and Martyn Spink",
  title =        "A multimedia {C} programming course that supports
                 different learning situations (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "295",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283628",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A colour-coded framework for organising material in a
                 multimedia C programming course is described. Together
                 with maps of the 'solar-system' of material, the
                 framework allows users to choose a variety of routes
                 through the material. This allows students to tailor
                 the course to their needs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Moses:1998:ACE,
  author =       "L. E. Moses",
  title =        "{ART199\slash CS199} the electronic medium (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "296",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283629",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nakhimovsky:1998:IBS,
  author =       "Alexander Nakhimovsky",
  title =        "An intranet-based software engineering course
                 (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "297",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283630",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{ODubhchair:1998:CCI,
  author =       "Kate O'Dubhchair and Sarah Quilty",
  title =        "The changing classroom-{ICTs} in 21st century
                 education (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "298",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283631",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Prim:1998:SES,
  author =       "Marta Prim and Jordi Roig",
  title =        "Self-evaluation system for digital systems subject
                 (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "299",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283632",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ragonis:1998:DIE,
  author =       "Noa Ragonis and Ehud Shapiro and Mordechai Ben-Ari and
                 Zahava Scherz",
  title =        "Development, implementation and evaluation of a course
                 in expert systems for high-school students (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "300",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283633",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Richardson:1998:FYI,
  author =       "A. S. Richardson",
  title =        "First year information systems papers --- optimising
                 learning --- minimising administration (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "301",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283634",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rodger:1998:JPA,
  author =       "Susan H. Rodger and Eric Gramond",
  title =        "{JFLAP} (poster): an aid to studying theorems in
                 automata theory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "302",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283635",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rosbottom:1998:UIA,
  author =       "John Rosbottom and Claude Moulin",
  title =        "Using intelligent agents to change the delivery of
                 education (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "303",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283636",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present work done on the use of multiple
                 intelligent agents as teaching agents, and discuss some
                 more general applications for agent technology in
                 education.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rowe:1998:VLT,
  author =       "Glenn Rowe and Gareth Thorburn",
  title =        "{VINCE}-an on-line tutorial tool for teaching
                 introductory programming (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "304",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283637",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Selby:1998:TPP,
  author =       "Linda Selby and Alison Young",
  title =        "The teaching of programming (poster): changing the
                 delivery to meet all students' needs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "305",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283638",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Smith:1998:STC,
  author =       "Matt Smith",
  title =        "Structuring team communications with targeted use of
                 groupware (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "306",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283639",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Thomas:1998:OSE,
  author =       "Pete G. Thomas",
  title =        "Observing students electronically as they learn
                 (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "307",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283640",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Traxler:1998:HDC,
  author =       "John Traxler",
  title =        "How do computer science lecturers create modules?
                 (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "308",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283641",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wans:1998:IML,
  author =       "Claudia Wans",
  title =        "An interactive multimedia learning system for the
                 postlingually deaf (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "309",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283642",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wojciechowski:1998:TIK,
  author =       "Adam Wojciechowski and Jerzy R. Nawrocki and Karolina
                 Kups and Michal Kosiedowski",
  title =        "{TETE}: an intelligent knowledge testing engine
                 (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "310",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283643",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "There were two actions which resulted in the project
                 named TETE --- An Intelligent Knowledge Testing
                 Engine``. The first one was launched by Polish Ministry
                 of Education which aimed at starting ``teleteaching''
                 (a kind of Open University) in Poland. Poznan
                 University of Technology was proposed to start distant
                 courses in the field of Informatics (see [3]). The
                 other stimulant for the project was the ECDL project.
                 In 1996 CEPIS (Council of European Professional
                 Informatics Societies) has decided to promote a Finnish
                 idea of Computer Driving Licence and named it
                 ``European Computer Driving Licence'' (ECDL). ECDL is a
                 set of examinations --- the same across Europe ---
                 which defines a certain standard of knowledge and
                 skills necessary for effective usage of computers. In
                 1997 the authors started work on a computer system
                 which would be used in distant education courses on
                 ECDL. We focused our work on intelligent kernel for
                 computer-aided learning system. Important feature of
                 the system is the ability to work on-line as well as a
                 standalone system for knowledge presentation and
                 self-assessment. Structure of the TETE kernel allows to
                 use it with wide variety of courses. TETE uses a web
                 browser (e.g., Netscape) as a presentation tool and it
                 consists of the following modules: $ \bullet $ a
                 progress database keeping track of the student's
                 behaviour (e.g., student's answers, time between
                 subsequent lessons and test sessions, forgetting curve
                 etc.) which defines student's perception profile $
                 \bullet $ an intelligent question selection and
                 scheduling engine making decision on the basis of the
                 progress data and description of available knowledge
                 units and test questions; $ \bullet $ student's time
                 manager $ \bullet $ progress reporter $ \bullet $ smart
                 pre-loader of web pages",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wolfer:1998:GSE,
  author =       "James Wolfer",
  title =        "Graduate software engineering across international
                 boundaries (poster): the first courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "311",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283644",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The combined influences funding education and the
                 availability of international communication has brought
                 distance education to the forefront of educational
                 efforts. This report describes the integration of the
                 fist Software Engineering course with an initial group
                 project, and the subsequent management of quality
                 across culture, time, and distance.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Zagursky:1998:ITF,
  author =       "Valery Zagursky",
  title =        "Information technology for flexible and learning and
                 training (poster)",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "312",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/290320.283645",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:32 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cunningham:1998:OBC,
  author =       "Steve Cunningham",
  title =        "Outside the box: the changing shape of the computing
                 world",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "4--7",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306290",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Grissom:1998:DDL,
  author =       "Scott Grissom and Deborah Knox and Elana Copperman and
                 Wanda Dann and Michael Goldweber and Janet Hartman and
                 Marja Kuittinen and David Mutchler and Nick Parlante",
  title =        "Developing a digital library of computer science
                 teaching resources",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "5--17",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306322",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe recommendations for how to plan and
                 develop a web-based digital library to support computer
                 science education, i.e., the online Computer Science
                 Teaching Center (CSTC) . This report details three
                 facets: the identification of appropriate resources for
                 inclusion in the CSTC, the review process for
                 submissions, and the development and promotion of CSTC.
                 A taxonomy of teaching resources is provided, and
                 includes informal feedback from ITiCSE '98 conference
                 participants enumerating desirable materials.
                 Categories recommended for inclusion are: Labware /
                 Courseware, Presentation / Exposition, On-line Course,
                 Small Assignment, and Large Assignment. A formal review
                 process is defined and detailed in order to insure that
                 high quality materials are contained in the CSTC. A
                 core set of reviewer guidelines is presented, suitable
                 for the resources identified. Finally, recommendations
                 for the marketing and the mechanics of the site are
                 presented. The CSTC initially will support materials of
                 visualizations, laboratory projects, and NSF CISE
                 Education Innovation projects. Strong association with
                 professional organizations, such as ACM and IEEE, is
                 recommended. The working group unanimously recommends
                 that access to CSTC resources should remain free of
                 charge, to serve the widest possible audience.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Martin:1998:DAC,
  author =       "C. Dianne Martin",
  title =        "Deconstructing the {ACM} code of ethics and
                 professional conduct",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "8--9",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306291",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gotterbarn:1998:RAC,
  author =       "Don Gotterbarn",
  title =        "Reconstructing the {ACM} code of ethics and teaching
                 computer ethics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "9--11",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306293",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lee:1998:NCC,
  author =       "John A. N. Lee",
  title =        "{Napier}'s chessboard calculator",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "11--12",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306294",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clear:1998:PCN,
  author =       "Tony Clear",
  title =        "Programming in context --- the next step",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "13--14",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306295",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gorgone:1998:ISC,
  author =       "John T. Gorgone",
  title =        "Information systems curricula and accreditation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "15--16",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306297",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dale:1998:TTE,
  author =       "Nell Dale",
  title =        "Two threads from the empirical studies of
                 programmers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "16--17",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306298",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartman:1998:ERN,
  author =       "Janet Hartman",
  title =        "Educational research: a new arena for computer science
                 education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "18--19",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306299",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bergin:1998:JRC,
  author =       "Joseph Bergin and Thomas L. Naps and Constance G.
                 Bland and Stephen J. Hartley and Mark A. Holliday and
                 Pamela B. Lawhead and John Lewis and Myles F. McNally
                 and Christopher H. Nevison and Cheng Ng and George J.
                 Pothering and Tommi Ter{\"a}svirta",
  title =        "{Java} resources for computer science instruction",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "18--38",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306324",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The goal of this working group was to collect,
                 evaluate, and foster the development of resources to
                 serve as components of both new and revised traditional
                 courses that emphasize object-oriented software
                 development using Java. These courses could, for
                 example, integrate Internet-based distributed
                 programming, concurrency, database programming,
                 graphics and visualization, human interface design and
                 object-oriented development. They could therefore also
                 be suitable as capstone courses in computer science.
                 The focus of the working group was on tools and
                 techniques, including demonstrations, projects,
                 syllabi, and pedagogical patterns. The working group
                 members are coordinating the development of a Web site
                 (sol.pace.edu/iticse98) devoted to sharing such tools
                 and techniques among educators.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCauley:1998:WIA,
  author =       "Ren{\'e}e McCauley",
  title =        "Warning! instructional animation tools abound on the
                 {Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "19--20",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306300",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1998:RGN,
  author =       "Deborah L. Knox",
  title =        "Repository growth and the near future",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "21--23",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306301",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1998:BBP,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker",
  title =        "The balance between programming and other
                 assignments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "23--25",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306303",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gersting:1998:SLC,
  author =       "Judith L. Gersting and Frank H. Young",
  title =        "Service learning via the computer science club",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "25--26",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306304",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Davies:1998:DEO,
  author =       "Gordon Davies",
  title =        "Distance education and the {Open University}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "27",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306305",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Petre:1998:AITb,
  author =       "Marian Petre",
  title =        "Assessing innovation in teaching: an example --- part
                 2",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "28--31",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306306",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Myers:1998:SAH,
  author =       "J. Paul {Myers, Jr.} and Henry M. Walker",
  title =        "The state of academic hiring in computer science: and
                 interim review",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "32--36",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306307",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article reports the results of several surveys,
                 which examine current conditions for hiring computing
                 (CS, CIS) faculty. Specifically, the article takes a
                 broad look at some statistics in the most recent
                 Taulbee Survey [1, 2] and also reports on three
                 surveys, conducted by the authors, utilizing the
                 mailing list. Each of these instruments gives only a
                 limited picture, but their results seem consistent and
                 point to a remarkable under supply of candidates. While
                 people may speculate about the short-term consequences
                 of this shortage, all results point to a long-term need
                 to strongly encourage students to enter academia
                 careers in computer science.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Plimmer:1998:MIW,
  author =       "Beryl Plimmer",
  title =        "Machines invented for {WW II} code breaking",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "37--40",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306309",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/cryptography.bib;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In 1944 a computer was commissioned at Bletchley Park
                 in England. This computer was designed specifically to
                 find the settings used by German cipher machines to
                 encrypt messages, which it did very effectively. Before
                 ``Colossus'' the Polish and British military had
                 developed mechanical machines to aid with cryptography.
                 All of this work was top secret and only with the
                 recent release of documents has the true significance
                 of these machines and the people who created them been
                 appreciated.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Thomas:1998:ICW,
  author =       "Stan J. Thomas and Cary Laxer and Tomohiro Nishida and
                 Helen Sherlock",
  title =        "The impact of campus-wide portable computing on
                 computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "39--44",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306329",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "At least fifty colleges and universities throughout
                 the world have initiated plans under which all students
                 buy, lease, or provide their own portable/laptop
                 computer. The impact of these initiatives on the
                 general educational environment has been widely
                 discussed; however, the impact on the delivery of
                 computer science education has not been. In this
                 working group report we discuss a number of issues
                 pertaining to computer science education in light of
                 campus-wide computing initiatives. Our report relates
                 experiences of faculty already involved in such
                 endeavors plus ideas regarding the future of portable
                 computers in computer science education. As such, it
                 will be beneficial to computer science programmes
                 currently involved in campus-wide computing initiatives
                 as well as those that may become involved in the near
                 future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Murphy:1998:CCS,
  author =       "Mike Murphy and Richard Halstead-Nussloch",
  title =        "A challenge for computer science educators",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "41",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306310",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Almstrum:1998:WSP,
  author =       "Vicki L. Almstrum",
  title =        "A {Web} site to promote {CS} education as a research
                 area",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "42--45",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306312",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper introduces a Web site designed as a tool
                 for anyone wanting to carry out research in the area of
                 CS education. The paper describes the motivation behind
                 the various parts of the site and invites participation
                 from the SIGCSE community in using the site and helping
                 it evolve. The Web site highlights many possibilities
                 for solid educational research and thus publicizes the
                 field as a legitimate academic endeavor.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Whitworth:1998:WSP,
  author =       "Brian Whitworth",
  title =        "The web of system properties: a general view of
                 systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "46--50",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306313",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper considers why informed computer predictions
                 are so often wrong. A limited perspective seems to be a
                 factor. It is proposed that a general understanding of
                 the nature of systems is necessary to predict and
                 create the future of information systems. Based on a
                 general definition, a set of system properties is
                 proposed which can be applied equally to human-created
                 and natural systems, i.e., to hardware and software as
                 well as organisms and societies. Assigning values to
                 each property allows a system ``web'' to be drawn
                 representing its overall performance. The model
                 predicts that Windows will displace DOS, but that
                 electronic mail will not displace paper communication.
                 It is suggested that a balanced view of system
                 properties will not only allow better prediction of
                 future information systems trends, but allow design of
                 information systems which avoid the ``revenge'' effects
                 common with new technologies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Revesz:1998:ETR,
  author =       "Gyorgy E. Revesz",
  title =        "Experimenting with tail-recursion and simulating
                 coroutines",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "51--54",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306315",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The efficiency of tail recursion and the simplicity of
                 its removal makes some people wonder why we cannot
                 transform all recursive definitions to this form?
                 Clearly, the usual trick of introducing a new variable
                 and using it as an accumulator to hold the intermediate
                 results during the winding phase does not always work.
                 But, by trying to generalize this technique to
                 primitive recursion one can easily find a sufficient
                 condition which makes it work. The class of functions
                 satisfying this condition may be interesting also on
                 its own. A direct generalization of this function class
                 for mutual recursion is fairly straightforward.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chmura:1998:WAN,
  author =       "Gail A. Chmura",
  title =        "What abilities are necessary for success in computer
                 science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "55--58",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306316",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sajaniemi:1998:SML,
  author =       "Jorma Sajaniemi and Marja Kuittinen",
  title =        "Systems for multi-level teaching materials",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "59--61",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306317",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Lecturers need three kinds of supporting materials:
                 lecture notes given to learners, presentation material
                 to be shown in the lectures, and lecturer's own
                 guidance material to direct her during the lecture.
                 Hardly any of the current presentation systems supports
                 easy preparation and maintenance of these three
                 interwoven material sources. In this paper, we describe
                 two systems that can be used for authoring and
                 presentation of multiple-level teaching materials.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Medley:1998:EIR,
  author =       "M. Dee Medley and Rebecca H. Rutherfoord and G. Ernest
                 Anderson and R. Waldo Roth and Stuart A. Varden",
  title =        "Ethical issues related to {Internet} development and
                 research",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "61--76",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306332",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses ethical issues concerning
                 Internet development, presentation and research. A
                 brief overview of the major ethical issues related to
                 computing is followed by a discussion of ethical issues
                 specific to the use of the Internet. We will look at
                 the implications of these issues for particular
                 population groups such as children, women, disabled
                 persons, and the low socio-economic class. Finally, we
                 offer suggestions for how these issues can be brought
                 into the computer or information science classroom in a
                 way that stimulates critical thinking skills.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Selby:1998:WCW,
  author =       "Linda Selby and Ken Ryba and Alison Young",
  title =        "Women in computing: what does the data show?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "30",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "62--67",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/306286.306318",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:35 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Denning:1999:CP,
  author =       "Peter J. Denning",
  title =        "Computing the profession",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1--2",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299661",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mason:1999:PMF,
  author =       "David V. Mason and Denise M. Woit",
  title =        "Providing mark-up and feedback to students with online
                 marking",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "3--6",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299662",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Online marking of assignments can lead to improved
                 marking consistency and integrate well with on-line
                 mark reporting. It can also be easier for the marker.
                 Unfortunately, most such systems do not include good
                 feedback mechanisms for the students. This paper
                 describes an environment that provides online marking
                 with convenient, structured and detailed feedback.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Boroni:1999:TIA,
  author =       "Christopher M. Boroni and Frances W. Goosey and
                 Michael T. Grinder and Jessica L. Lambert and Rockford
                 J. Ross",
  title =        "Tying it all together: creating self-contained,
                 animated, interactive, {Web}-based resources for
                 computer science education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "7--11",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299664",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1999:TWD,
  author =       "Ellen L. Walker and Logan Browne",
  title =        "Teaching {Web} development with limited resources",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "12--16",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299667",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer Science programs are faced with demand from
                 both students and employers for courses in hot topics
                 such as Internet Administration, but resources such as
                 course time and laboratory facilities are often scarce.
                 Another trend facing our programs is the need to
                 increase availability to non-traditional students. This
                 paper describes a course in Internet Administration for
                 both traditional and non-traditional students and how
                 it addressed the issues of limited time, diverse
                 student population, and limited laboratory
                 facilities.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Townsend:1999:TES,
  author =       "Gloria Childress Townsend",
  title =        "{ThetenthStrand} == 3 * ethicaldebates + solution",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "17--21",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299668",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper includes several sources from computer
                 science literature, describing three conflicting views
                 of how ethical issues should be incorporated in
                 curricula. Descriptions of specific curricular
                 examples, drawn from several phases of our university's
                 plan for including ethical issues, follow the
                 literature review.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wahl:1999:YYA,
  author =       "Nancy J. Wahl",
  title =        "{YAATCE}-yet another approach to teaching computer
                 ethics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "22--26",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299670",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Two events have encouraged computer science
                 departments to incorporate ethical issues and
                 professional responsibilities into their curriculum.
                 The first was the formation of the Computer Sciences
                 Accreditation Board (CSAB) and the second was the
                 publication of Computing Curricula 1991. In the CSAB
                 criteria for accrediting programs in computer science
                 [2], is the requirement that social and ethical
                 implications of computing be included in computer
                 science programs. The Computing Curricula 1991 states
                 that ``students must understand the basic cultural,
                 social, legal and ethical issues inherent in ...
                 computing'' [7]. This article contains a description of
                 one approach to teaching the social, ethical and legal
                 implications of computing.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Werth:1999:LSP,
  author =       "Laurie Honour Werth",
  title =        "Licensing software professionals: where are we?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "27--30",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299671",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The two major professional organizations, IEEE-CS and
                 ACM, have been working for some time to lay the
                 foundation for improving professionalism in the
                 discipline. When the Texas Society for Professional
                 Engineering passed a resolution this summer to begin
                 licensing software engineers in the second largest
                 state in the Union, efforts intensified. Although it is
                 still early in the process, academics need to
                 understand the issues surrounding the licensing of
                 software professionals. We begin with definitions of
                 professionalism and licensing for software
                 professionals. Major issues for industry, academic and
                 professional organization stakeholders are briefly
                 summarized and discussed. Information resources for
                 educators are provided.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Culwin:1999:OI,
  author =       "Fintan Culwin",
  title =        "Object imperatives!",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "31--36",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299672",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The phrase 'paradigm shift' has largely been used to
                 describe a dichotomy between imperative and object
                 oriented styles of development [2]. However the changes
                 in the nature of software products, and hence of the
                 processes used to produce them, have been much more
                 extensive. This richer view of the nature of computing
                 is inherent within the experiences of students entering
                 higher education and is at variance with the implicit
                 model enshrined within academic computing curricula. A
                 direct implication of this is that radical changes may
                 be needed in computing curricula; but there are many
                 principled and pragmatic objections.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clancy:1999:PP,
  author =       "Michael J. Clancy and Marcia C. Linn",
  title =        "Patterns and pedagogy",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "37--42",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299673",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we review research results relating to
                 the use of software design patterns and advocate
                 knowledge integration perspectives on programming
                 instruction. We also describe a number of components of
                 instruction that would lead to more effective use of
                 patterns and better integration of programming
                 knowledge in general.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Turner:1999:UCL,
  author =       "Joseph A. Turner and Joseph L. Zachary",
  title =        "Using course-long programming projects in {CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "43--47",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299674",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A typical CS2 course has two goals that often work at
                 cross-purposes. One goal is to teach students how to
                 apply a variety of software engineering skills to
                 create solutions to real-world problems. A second goal
                 is to teach students the theory and practice behind
                 classical algorithms and data structures. The use of
                 small, short-term programming assignments, however,
                 tends to sacrifice the first goal in favor of the
                 second. We successfully experimented with solving this
                 problem by organizing a CS2 course around a programming
                 project that spanned an entire term. This paper
                 describes the project, our experiences in using it, and
                 the reactions of the students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Godfrey:1999:JBS,
  author =       "Michael Godfrey and Dan Grossman",
  title =        "{JDuck}: building a software engineering tool in
                 {Java} as a {CS2} project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "48--52",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299676",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes our experiences in having
                 students build a software engineering tool as a course
                 project in a CS2 course. The tool, which we called
                 JDuck (Java Documenter of Code, oK), was modelled on
                 the {\tt javadoc} tool that is part of Sun
                 Microsystem's standard Java Development Kit (JDK). That
                 is, a working version of JDuck would be able to read in
                 Java source code and generate HTML files that summarize
                 the basic structure of the provided classes. We discuss
                 how we set up the project, what we think the students
                 learned, what they told us they learned, and what we
                 would do differently next time.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goodrich:1999:URT,
  author =       "Michael T. Goodrich and Roberto Tamassia",
  title =        "Using randomization in the teaching of data structures
                 and algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "53--57",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299679",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe an approach for incorporating
                 randomization in the teaching of data structures and
                 algorithms. The proofs we include are quite simple and
                 can easily be made a part of a Freshman-Sophomore
                 Introduction to Data Structures (CS2) course and a
                 Junior-Senior level course on the design and analysis
                 of data structures and algorithms (CS7/DS\&A). The
                 main idea of this approach is to show that using
                 randomization in data structures and algorithms is safe
                 and can be used to significantly simplify efficient
                 solutions to various computational problems. We
                 illustrate this approach by giving examples of the use
                 of randomization in some traditional topics from CS2
                 and DS\&A.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartley:1999:AWH,
  author =       "Stephen J. Hartley",
  title =        "``{Alfonse}, wait here for my signal!''",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "58--62",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299680",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "At first glance, Java monitors appear easy to use.
                 However, a deeper analysis reveals that they are
                 surprisingly tricky, suffer from subtle race
                 conditions, and are actually a low-level
                 synchronization tool in stark contrast to the
                 reputation Java has as a modern well-engineered
                 language. The programmer is responsible for building
                 safe and robust synchronization structures from Java
                 monitors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Morsiani:1999:LOS,
  author =       "Mauro Morsiani and Renzo Davoli",
  title =        "Learning operating systems structure and
                 implementation through the {MPS} computer system
                 simulator",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "63--67",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299683",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Lab activity is fundamental for the real understanding
                 of several computer science topics such as operating
                 systems. We have built our own hardware emulator after
                 using software tools from other Universities for
                 several years. MPS is a general-purpose computer system
                 simulator based on MIPS R3000 processor. Together with
                 the main processor, RAM, ROM, disks, tapes, printer and
                 terminal interfaces are carefully emulated and fully
                 configurable; non-volatile memory units may be retained
                 between simulations. MPS features a full-fledged
                 graphic user interface running under X Window, complete
                 sources and documentation. Along with it we present
                 TINA, an experimental project on operating system
                 development, together with several other project
                 proposals.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Oh:1999:TRT,
  author =       "Jae C. Oh and Daniel Moss{\'e}",
  title =        "Teaching real time {OSs} with {DORITOS}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "68--72",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299685",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We are developing a teaching package that can be used
                 in a college course that would fill a gap among current
                 science majors and teach senior-level undergraduate
                 students theory and practice of real-time operating
                 systems, including their requirements, characteristics,
                 internals, and specification. This course has two
                 components: (1) a theoretical part, and (2) a practical
                 hands-on implementation component achieved with DORITOS
                 (Distributed Object-Based Real-time InsTructional
                 Operating System) as the implementation environment.
                 DORITOS' design is based on UC-Berkeley's NACHOS. The
                 DORITOS package will be distributed with DKaffe (a
                 modified version of Kaffe JVM) and a basic system which
                 allows students to run simple threads. In this paper,
                 we focus on the practical, hands-on system that allows
                 students to learn the internals of a Real-time
                 Operating Systems (RTOS). Throughout the term,
                 assignments require students to use and modify DORITOS
                 to implement real-time elements as well as to analyze
                 the performance of implemented algorithms.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Polack-Wahl:1999:ICR,
  author =       "Jennifer A. Polack-Wahl",
  title =        "Incorporating the client's role in a software
                 engineering course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "73--77",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299688",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In today's society it is important for graduates of
                 the computer science/information system programs to be
                 able to interact with clients effectively. Students
                 need to understand how a client feels and acts during
                 the development of a software system. This paper
                 describes the organization, motive, and experience with
                 an Application Development Course that addresses these
                 issues.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mengel:1999:CSS,
  author =       "Susan A. Mengel and Vinay Yerramilli",
  title =        "A case study of the static analysis of the quality of
                 novice student programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "78--82",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299689",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Helping students to understand the quality of their
                 programs is a difficult task hampered by the time
                 instructors have for grading. When the number of
                 programs to grade are in the hundreds, instructors may
                 be able to handle dynamic analysis of the programs and
                 possibly a cursory glance at the code itself. Automated
                 solutions may appear attractive, but few exist in the
                 literature. Further, not enough examples exist to help
                 instructors choose what metrics would be useful for
                 helping students to visualize how they program. In this
                 study, a collection of static metrics data obtained
                 with Verilog Logiscope is correlated to an estimate of
                 program quality to determine which metrics would show
                 students at least the instructor's idea of quality. The
                 study results are encouraging and show that definite
                 correlations exist so that static analysis is a viable
                 methodology for assessing student work. Further work is
                 considered to help to confirm the study's results and
                 their practical application.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bryant:1999:SES,
  author =       "Robert Bryant",
  title =        "Software engineering for seniors-overcoming the
                 administrative fears",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "83--86",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299692",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A five-year old program of a two-semester course
                 sequence in software engineering is described.
                 Strategies for handling four common faculty
                 administrative concerns of teaching a project centered
                 software engineering course are presented. The methods
                 and experiences described are the results of a program
                 now in its fifth year. The program is centered around
                 industry sponsored projects which computer science
                 seniors take from design to implementation during the
                 school year.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nguyen:1999:PDD,
  author =       "Dung (`Zung') Nguyen and Stephen B. Wong",
  title =        "Patterns for decoupling data structures and
                 algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "87--91",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299693",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In order to build a data structure that is extensible
                 and reusable, it is necessary to decouple the intrinsic
                 and primitive behavior of the structure from the
                 application specific behavior that manipulates it. To
                 illustrate such a construction, this paper proposes a
                 uniform object-oriented structural pattern for
                 recursive data structures, and shows how external
                 algorithms can be added without rewriting any code
                 using the visitor design pattern. By presenting data
                 structures in this manner, we can more effectively
                 teach students about recursion, abstraction, design,
                 and good software engineering practices.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Proulx:1999:HER,
  author =       "Viera K. Proulx",
  title =        "Hospital emergency room simulation: object oriented
                 design issues for {CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "92--94",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299695",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a project suitable for students
                 in CS2 that combines the classical implementation of
                 basic data structures (priority queues, lists, arrays)
                 with the design and implementation of several
                 interesting interacting classes. In addition, students
                 can follow up with analysis of simulation results.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Preiss:1999:DPD,
  author =       "Bruno R. Preiss",
  title =        "Design patterns for the data structures and algorithms
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "95--99",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299696",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Design patterns have recently emerged as a vehicle for
                 describing and documenting recurring object-oriented
                 designs. More significantly, they offer up a
                 long-awaited framework for teaching good software
                 design. This paper espouses the use of object-oriented
                 design patterns in the teaching of the second course in
                 computer science, viz., the data structures and
                 algorithms course. To use design patterns effectively,
                 it is necessary to present the various data structures
                 and algorithms in a common programming framework. This
                 paper also espouses the use of a single, unified class
                 hierarchy and the commitment to a single design
                 throughout the teaching of the second course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Tremblay:1999:ETL,
  author =       "Guy Tremblay",
  title =        "Exercises for teaching logic in a formal methods
                 course: formalizing {ERDs}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "100--104",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299698",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In a first course in formal methods for software
                 engineers, the emphasis on the topic of logic should be
                 on using (first-order predicate) logic to specify and
                 formally describe properties. In this paper, we suggest
                 using ERDs (Entity-Relationship Diagrams) as support
                 for formalization exercises. Starting from graphical
                 descriptions (ERDs) and textual informal specification
                 of various constraints, students have to produce an
                 equivalent textual and formal specification. We present
                 the notation we use in our course (Spec), some
                 heuristics to obtain the formal concepts from ERDs and
                 a small example.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Robinson:1999:JBT,
  author =       "Matthew B. Robinson and Jason A. Hamshar and Jorge E.
                 Novillo and Andrew T. Duchowski",
  title =        "A {Java}-based tool for reasoning about models of
                 computation through simulating finite automata and
                 {Turing} machines",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "105--109",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299704",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Interactive visualization tools for models of
                 computation provide a more compelling means of
                 exploration and feedback than traditional paper and
                 pencil methods in theory of computation courses. The
                 Java Computability Toolkit (JCT) is introduced here as
                 a new teaching aide and as an exploratory student's
                 supplement to a course on theory of computation. JCT
                 consists of two Java multiple-window, web-accessible,
                 graphical environments, allowing the construction and
                 simulation of finite automata and Turing machines. This
                 paper discusses JCT's use, design, and applications in
                 teaching.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cordova:1999:MPG,
  author =       "Jose L. Cordova",
  title =        "Mathematical proofs as graph search problems in theory
                 courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "110--113",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299707",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we describe a graph-based approach to
                 the construction of simple mathematical proofs. In
                 contrast with traditional linear proofs, this technique
                 helps the student organize the solution process and
                 provides a visual representation of the proof. This
                 approach has been used to introduce proofs in a
                 discrete structure course. The author has observed a
                 statistically significant increase in students'
                 performance when answering related test problems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sivalingam:1999:EWA,
  author =       "Krishna M. Sivalingam and V. Rajaravivarma",
  title =        "Education of wireless and {ATM} networking concepts
                 using hands-on laboratory experience",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "114--118",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299710",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Traditional computer networking courses primarily tend
                 to provide students with hands-on software development
                 and network performance experience with TCP/IP and
                 Ethernet networks. Our objectives are to enhance the
                 curriculum of networking courses and the expertise of
                 students by introducing next-generation networks such
                 as wireless and ATM networks. To facilitate this, we
                 have established a wireless ATM network instructional
                 facility (NIF) at Washington State University (WSU).
                 Projects based on ATM networks and wireless networks
                 have been introduced in a course on undergraduate
                 computer networks taught at WSU during Spring 1998.
                 This paper describes the laboratory setup, the projects
                 and assignments, and the feedback obtained from the
                 students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Elenbogen:1999:CNM,
  author =       "Bruce S. Elenbogen",
  title =        "Computer network management: theory and practice",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "119--121",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299713",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses a non-traditional course in
                 computer networking. The course is a laboratory course
                 with substantial hands-on experiences, which can help
                 to prepare students for jobs in industry as soon as
                 they graduate from an undergraduate institution. This
                 course is not meant to replace the traditional network
                 course but to supplement it by teaching how computer
                 networks work in practice and by exploring new topics
                 such as internetworking, high speed networking,
                 client/server computing and security.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Smith:1999:DVE,
  author =       "Todd Smith and Anthony Ruocco and Bernard Jansen",
  title =        "Digital video in education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "122--126",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299715",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Digital Video is an exciting new medium with the
                 potential to revolutionize the way organizations train
                 their employees. However, there are questions that must
                 be answered. How practical is video? What is the
                 demand? What is the best use of video? In this paper,
                 we compare the performance and quality of common
                 digital formats, analyze 851,770 queries from an Excite
                 database, and present the results of a study that
                 explores the value of digital video in an educational
                 environment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ginat:1999:TRP,
  author =       "David Ginat and Eyal Shifroni",
  title =        "Teaching recursion in a procedural environment --- how
                 much should we emphasize the computing model?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "127--131",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299718",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Recursion is a powerful and essential computational
                 problem solving tool, but the concept of recursion is
                 difficult to comprehend. Students that master the
                 conventional programming construct of iteration in
                 procedural programming environments, find it hard to
                 utilize recursion. This study started as a test of CS
                 College students' utilization of recursion. It was
                 conducted after they have completed CS1, where they
                 studied recursion with the C programming language. The
                 test revealed that students adhere to the iterative
                 pattern of ``forward accumulation'', due to their
                 confidence with the iteration construct, but lack of
                 trust of the recursion mechanism. These results
                 motivated us to get more insight into the nature of
                 recursion difficulties and ways to overcome them. In
                 this paper we describe the difficulties we observed,
                 and present a declarative, abstract, approach that
                 contributed to overcome them. We question the emphasis
                 that should be put on the basic computing model when
                 presenting recursion, and argue for emphasis on the
                 declarative approach for teaching recursion formulation
                 in a procedural programming environment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Woodworth:1999:ICE,
  author =       "Pat Woodworth and Wanda Dann",
  title =        "Integrating console and event-driven models in {CS1}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "132--135",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299720",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we describe techniques of integrating
                 the traditional, object-oriented console model with an
                 object-oriented, event-driven model of programming in
                 the first course. We present a design methodology
                 successfully used to provide a transition from the
                 console model to an event-driven model, relating both
                 to problem-solving strategies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Long:1999:CVF,
  author =       "Timothy Long and Bruce Weide and Paolo Bucci and
                 Murali Sitaraman",
  title =        "Client view first: an exodus from
                 implementation-biased teaching",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "136--140",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299734",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "When teaching certain CS topics (e.g., abstract data
                 types, operating systems), the instructor tries to make
                 clear the distinction between the ``client''
                 perspective and the ``implementer'' perspective. But
                 when teaching some programming language features and
                 related programming techniques, this dichotomy often is
                 not respected as strongly as it should be. We
                 illustrate this with a discussion of how to teach
                 recursion, comparing a traditional approach with one
                 that is careful not to blur the distinctions between
                 client view and implementer view. The latter better
                 supports new learners in the creation of a sound and
                 consistent mental model for developing and reasoning
                 about programs that involve recursion.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Schneider:1999:CSI,
  author =       "G. Michael Schneider",
  title =        "Computational science as an interdisciplinary bridge",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "141--145",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299735",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The computer science department at Macalester College
                 recently implemented a new undergraduate course
                 sequence in computational science. This was done to
                 better meet the course work needs of students in the
                 physical and natural sciences as well as introduce into
                 our curriculum an important and growing area of
                 application. One of the unexpected benefits of our new
                 program has been the creation of academic links between
                 our department, mathematics, and the other sciences. In
                 this paper we describe the role of computational
                 science as an interdisciplinary bridge between computer
                 science and other academic disciplines.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Stegink:1999:CSG,
  author =       "Gordon Stegink and Jon Pater and Daron Vroon",
  title =        "Computer science and general education: {Java},
                 graphics, and the {Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "146--149",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299737",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe a Computer Science General Education
                 course offered at Hope College. This course stresses
                 problem-solving. It uses traditional concepts of
                 programming, but does it with new methods and
                 materials. Graphics is used throughout the course, with
                 programming done in Java applets. All course materials
                 are delivered on the web. All class sessions are
                 combinations of lecture and laboratory modes of
                 instruction. We describe a new interactive environment
                 for student program development in Java. Finally we
                 show how we utilize the World Wide Web as a substitute
                 for a textbook and for course administration.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Urban-Lurain:1999:DUM,
  author =       "Mark Urban-Lurain and Donald J. Weinshank",
  title =        "``{I} do and {I} understand'': mastery model learning
                 for a large non-major course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "150--154",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299738",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe the infrastructure we have created for a
                 large enrollment (1700 / semester) non-major course.
                 The course combines collaborative, lab-based
                 problem-solving instruction with modified
                 mastery-learning assessment. The infrastructure
                 supports continuous improvement to respond to client
                 department needs, incoming student experience, course
                 design flaws and computing platform upgrades.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bonner:1999:SDC,
  author =       "Adam Bonner",
  title =        "A student-directed computing community",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "155--159",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299739",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe a computing facility created, supported,
                 maintained, and used entirely by undergraduate
                 students. This facility exists outside of the
                 instructional support system, so the usual constraints
                 of reliability are relaxed, allowing relatively
                 unrestricted installation of software and hardware. An
                 active community has developed around this facility,
                 providing broad technical experiences and enabling
                 mentoring relationships.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McKinley:1999:MIG,
  author =       "P. K. McKinley and B. H. C. Cheng and J. J. Weng",
  title =        "Moving industry-guided multimedia technology into the
                 classroom",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "160--164",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299740",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Given the ubiquity of multimedia technology, it is
                 important that Computer Science students not only learn
                 the basics of multimedia design, but also gain hands-on
                 experience with applications of the technology. This
                 paper describes the integration of multimedia concepts
                 and tools into a Computer Science curriculum. An
                 NSF-sponsored Multimedia Laboratory was established and
                 used to support three senior-level courses: software
                 engineering, computer graphics, and computer networks.
                 Curriculum development, laboratory exercises, and the
                 role of projects are described.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mayo:1999:SUA,
  author =       "Jean Mayo and Phil Kearns",
  title =        "A secure unrestricted advanced systems laboratory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "165--169",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299742",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present the design of a systems laboratory intended
                 for advanced undergraduates and graduate students. The
                 laboratory provides an environment in which students
                 are given complete (root) control of systems with
                 essentially unrestricted access to the Internet. This
                 is achieved without jeopardizing the security of the
                 departmental network of which the laboratory is a part.
                 Students in the laboratory are also given a secure
                 environment in which to do their work. Such a
                 laboratory is most valuable in advanced courses in
                 operating systems and networks in which students
                 implement and evaluate algorithms and policies
                 subjected to real workloads. It is also valuable as a
                 facility for research on systems and network topics,
                 providing an open, yet safe, environment in which to
                 work.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Stone:1999:CML,
  author =       "Don C. Stone and Seth Bergmann and Ganesh Baliga and
                 A. Michael Berman and John Schmalzel",
  title =        "A {CS1} maze lab, using joysticks and {MIPPETs}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "170--173",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299743",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We are designing a number of programming projects
                 which utilize input/output devices, such as joysticks
                 or a homebrewed board we call a MIPPET (Module for
                 Input/Output Programming Projects Enhancing Teaching).
                 These projects have been used or will be used in the
                 closed labs of our CS1 course (taught in C++). The goal
                 of these projects is to enhance student comprehension
                 (by teaching objects with ``real'' objects) and student
                 motivation (by providing ``fun'' projects). This paper
                 focuses on an early project, where the student's
                 program provides support for a human solving a maze.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Collins:1999:WLS,
  author =       "William J. Collins and Yi Sun",
  title =        "{Web} labs for the {Standard Template} Library and the
                 {Java} generic library in a {CS2} course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "174--178",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299746",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a suite of laboratory experiments
                 for a CS2 course. The main thrust of the experiments is
                 to promote an understanding of a container-class
                 library: the Standard Template Library for C++ or the
                 Java Generic Library for Java. All of the experiments
                 are stored on the World Wide Web, and students have
                 considerable latitude on when each experiment must be
                 completed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Levitin:1999:DWT,
  author =       "Anany Levitin",
  title =        "Do we teach the right algorithm design techniques?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "179--183",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299747",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Algorithms have come to be recognized as the
                 cornerstone of computing. Surprisingly, there has been
                 little research or discussion of general techniques for
                 designing algorithms. Though several such techniques
                 have been identified, there are serious shortcomings in
                 the existing taxonomy. The paper points out these
                 shortcomings, reevaluates some of the techniques, and
                 proposes a new, hierarchical classification scheme by
                 grouping techniques according to their level of
                 generality. A variety of examples from different areas
                 of computing are used to demonstrate the power and
                 flexibility of the taxonomy being proposed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCracken:1999:IAT,
  author =       "Daniel D. McCracken",
  title =        "An inductive approach to teaching object-oriented
                 design",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "184--188",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299748",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "An approach is described in which students learn
                 object-oriented design by using as many of the
                 characteristics of real program development (starting
                 with incomplete specifications, etc.) as possible in a
                 one-month project. Two-person teams are used, both for
                 the benefit of team experience and to divide the effort
                 between an algorithm portion and a GUI portion.
                 Examples of student work are given, together with
                 suggestions for other projects. Ideas for running a
                 project are given in a week-by-week listing. The paper
                 ends with suggestions for grading.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Norris:1999:CSC,
  author =       "Cindy Norris and James Wilkes",
  title =        "Computer systems ``conference'' for teaching
                 communication skills",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "189--193",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299750",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In an effort to improve the communication skills of
                 students, many universities are requiring computer
                 science educators to include writing and speaking
                 components in their courses. This paper describes an
                 alternative to the classic term paper assignment. A
                 ``student conference'' approach has been successfully
                 employed in a junior-level computer systems course for
                 five semesters. Each student performs an implementation
                 and experimental study, then writes a research-style
                 technical paper on this work. Students also participate
                 in an anonymous review process, revise their own
                 papers, and make oral presentations of their work. The
                 structure of this conference approach, representative
                 assignments, and observations are presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McDonald:1999:CSC,
  author =       "Merry McDonald and Gary McDonald",
  title =        "Computer science curriculum assessment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "194--197",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299751",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we describe a comprehensive computer
                 science curriculum assessment and improvement process
                 that has been implemented at Northwest Missouri State
                 University.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cohoon:1999:DDC,
  author =       "J. McGrath Cohoon",
  title =        "Departmental differences can point the way to
                 improving female retention in computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "198--202",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299753",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Departmental attrition data from one state show that
                 the difference between male and female rates of
                 undergraduate attrition from computer science varies by
                 institution. This analysis suggests that departmental
                 factors are important in attrition from CS. Some CS
                 departments inhibit female persistence at the
                 undergraduate level while other departments promote
                 persistence. The observed variation encourages research
                 that compares departmental characteristics such as
                 structure and culture, and relates them to departmental
                 outcomes. Shifting the research focus to departmental
                 characteristics and outcomes will identify effective
                 methods for retaining women.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Greening:1999:GSC,
  author =       "Tony Greening",
  title =        "Gender stereotyping in a computer science course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "203--207",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299756",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Stereotypes often assume an implicit role in many
                 gender studies. This paper describes a study in which
                 the internal validity of gender stereotypes in a
                 computing course is explored. Students'
                 self-perceptions and common research positions in the
                 literature are compared to these stereotypes. The study
                 offers results different from most located in the
                 literature. Further work is therefore suggested by the
                 outcomes of this research to determine if this
                 represents a favourable shift in the way in which women
                 approach the discipline.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Macek:1999:GCP,
  author =       "Tomas Macek and Bozena Mannova and Josef Kolar and
                 Barbara Williams",
  title =        "Global cooperation project in computer programming
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "208--211",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299754",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A Global Cooperation Project was conducted with
                 computer science classes at the Czech Technical
                 University and North Hennepin Community College. The
                 project was a pilot project for teaching team
                 cooperation on a global scale. For three months the
                 students worked in teams consisting of team members
                 from remote places (Czech Republic and Minnesota).
                 Students learned how to use modern Internet-based
                 communication tools and they were exposed to the
                 experience of working in teams. This text describes the
                 design of the project and summarizes the collected
                 experiences.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carrasquel:1999:TCL,
  author =       "Jacobo Carrasquel",
  title =        "Teaching {CS1} on-line: the good, the bad, and the
                 ugly",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "212--216",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299758",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Nowadays, many universities and colleges are offering
                 courses at distance. In this paper, I present my
                 experiences and results with the offering of a CS1
                 course to students in our campus. The course was
                 offered during the last academic year 97-98. I describe
                 our motivation for the on-line course and my
                 observations about student performance. Also, I compare
                 the results of the on-line class with the traditional
                 one.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jarvinen:1999:BTF,
  author =       "Kimmo J{\"a}rvinen and Tuukka Pienim{\"a}ki and Tommi
                 Ter{\"a}svirta and John Joel Kyaruzi and Erkki
                 Sutinen",
  title =        "Between {Tanzania} and {Finland}: learning {Java} over
                 the {Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "217--221",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299761",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A pilot project between two institutions of computer
                 science, one in Finland and the other in Tanzania,
                 reveals potentials and risks of a collaborative
                 learning framework. Two groups, one from the Department
                 of Computer Science at the University of Helsinki,
                 Finland, and the other from the Computing Centre of the
                 University of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, were designing a
                 web-based environment for learning the Java programming
                 language. Preliminary experiences indicate that the
                 challenges of the scheme fall into at least four
                 categories, namely those of technicalities,
                 organizational aspects, attitudes, and cultural
                 differences.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Zhou:1999:TSD,
  author =       "Yan Zhou and Yuan Zhao and John L. Lowther and
                 Ching-Kuang Shene",
  title =        "Teaching surface design made easy",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "222--226",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299763",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Khuri:1999:VCS,
  author =       "Sami Khuri and Hsiu-Chin Hsu",
  title =        "Visualizing the {CPU} scheduler and page replacement
                 algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "227--231",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299764",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we present two packages that simulate
                 the multilevel feedback queue scheduling algorithm for
                 a single CPU, and five page replacement algorithms that
                 are used in the context of memory management. The paper
                 gives a brief description of the interactive,
                 self-paced packages and explains how we use them in
                 Operating System courses. We also highlight the merits
                 of the packages and the benefits to the students
                 derived from our Java written simulations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Naps:1999:UVT,
  author =       "Thomas L. Naps and Eric E. Chan",
  title =        "Using visualization to teach parallel algorithms",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "232--236",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299767",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we describe two related techniques for
                 delivering instructional animations of parallel
                 algorithms --- one that runs on a Microsoft Windows
                 workstation and another that is Web-based. After
                 discussing the techniques, we examine their use in two
                 pedagogical settings --- one in which students merely
                 watch the animations as an aid to achieving a better
                 understanding of the algorithm and one in which
                 students actively participate in constructing the
                 animation. The former context is appropriate in a
                 junior-senior algorithms course where, because of time
                 constraints, parallel algorithms are only one of
                 several topics studied. The latter context is
                 appropriate for a course dedicated to the study of
                 parallel algorithms or for a senior capstone
                 experience. We conclude the paper with an appraisal of
                 the strengths and weaknesses of the techniques we have
                 developed and with some indications of how these
                 techniques could be extended in the future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1999:POS,
  author =       "Robert A. Walker",
  title =        "A practical one-semester {``VLSI} design'' course for
                 computer science (and other) majors",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "237--241",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299769",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the development and content of a
                 ``VLSI Design'' course. We had two main goals for the
                 course: to develop a one-semester course for computer
                 science (and other) majors, and to give the students
                 practical experience with real industrial tools. To
                 meet those goals, we provided only enough material on
                 logic design and IC operation to orient the students,
                 focused on FPLD-based design, and used high-quality
                 design tools. We also found a wealth of free material
                 available on the web, including course information,
                 entire textbooks, and extensive technical data.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Eskin:1999:GPA,
  author =       "Eleazar Eskin and Eric Siegel",
  title =        "Genetic programming applied to {Othello}: introducing
                 students to machine learning research",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "242--246",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299771",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper we describe and analyze a three week
                 assignment that was given in a Machine Learning course
                 at Columbia University. The assignment presented
                 students with an introduction to machine learning
                 research. The assignment required students to apply
                 Genetic Programming to evolve algorithms that play the
                 board game Othello. The students were provided with an
                 implemented experimental approach as a starting point.
                 The students were required to perform their own
                 experimental modifications corresponding to research
                 issues in machine learning. The results of student
                 experiments were good both in terms of research and in
                 terms of student learning. All relevant code,
                 documentation and information about GPOthello is
                 available at the following url:
                 http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~evs/ml/othello.html.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lebeck:1999:CCP,
  author =       "Alvin R. Lebeck",
  title =        "Cache conscious programming in undergraduate computer
                 science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "247--251",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299772",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The wide-spread use of microprocessor based systems
                 that utilize cache memory to alleviate excessively long
                 DRAM access times introduces a new dimension in the
                 quest to obtain good program performance. To fully
                 exploit the performance potential of these fast
                 processors, programmers must reason about their
                 program's cache performance. Heretofore, this topic has
                 been restricted to the supercomputer, multiprocessor,
                 and academic research community. It is now time to
                 introduce this topic into undergraduate computer
                 science curriculum. As part of the CURIOUS project at
                 Duke University, we are in the initial stages of
                 incorporating cache performance issues into an
                 undergraduate course on software design and
                 implementation. Specifically, we are introducing
                 students to the notion of a cache profile that maps
                 cache behavior to source lines and data structures, and
                 providing a cache profiler that can be used along with
                 other performance debugging tools. In the end, we hope
                 to produce cache conscious programmers that are able to
                 exploit the full performance potential of today's
                 computers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Jimenez-Peris:1999:ABC,
  author =       "Ricardo Jim{\'e}nez-Peris and Sami Khuri and Marta
                 Pati{\~n}o-Mart{\'\i}nez",
  title =        "Adding breadth to {CS1} and {CS2} courses through
                 visual and interactive programming projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "252--256",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299774",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The aim of programming projects in CS1/CS2 is to put
                 in practice concepts and techniques learnt during
                 lectures. Programming projects serve a dual purpose:
                 first, the students get to practice the programming
                 concepts taught in class, and second, they are
                 introduced to an array of topics that they will cover
                 later in their computer science education. In this
                 work, we present programming projects we have
                 successfully used in CS1/CS2. These topics have added
                 breadth to CS1/CS2 as well as whetted our students'
                 appetite by exposing them to concurrent programming,
                 event-driven programming, graphics management and
                 human-computer interfaces, data compression, image
                 processing and genetic algorithms. We also include the
                 background material, such as tools and libraries we
                 have provided our students to render the more difficult
                 projects amenable to our introductory computer science
                 classes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rasala:1999:AAA,
  author =       "Richard Rasala",
  title =        "Automatic array algorithm animation in {C++}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "257--260",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299777",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes an elegant method for
                 automatically animating an arbitrary array algorithm in
                 C++.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Baker:1999:TVT,
  author =       "Ryan S. Baker and Michael Boilen and Michael T.
                 Goodrich and Roberto Tamassia and B. Aaron Stibel",
  title =        "Testers and visualizers for teaching data structures",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "261--265",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299779",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present two tools to support the teaching of data
                 structures and algorithms: Visualizers, which provide
                 interactive visualizations of user-written data
                 structures, and Testers, which check the functionality
                 of user-written data structures. We outline a prototype
                 implementation of visualizers and testers for data
                 structures written in Java, and report on classroom use
                 of testers and visualizers in an introductory Data
                 Structures and Algorithms (CS2) course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gitchell:1999:SUD,
  author =       "David Gitchell and Nicholas Tran",
  title =        "{Sim}: a utility for detecting similarity in computer
                 programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "266--270",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299783",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe the design and implementation of a program
                 called sim to measure similarity between two C computer
                 programs. It is useful for detecting plagiarism among a
                 large set of homework programs. This software is part
                 of a project to construct tools to assist the teaching
                 of computer science.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Warford:1999:BNO,
  author =       "J. Stanley Warford",
  title =        "{BlackBox}: a new object-oriented framework for
                 {CS1\slash CS2}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "271--275",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299785",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the BlackBox framework, an
                 object-oriented application development environment,
                 and our experience with its use over the past several
                 years in the CS1/CS2 course. This little-known
                 framework features: (1) a graphical user interface that
                 is simple enough for beginning students to program, (2)
                 true cross-platform capability, (3) guaranteed
                 memory-safe pointers with automatic garbage collection,
                 (4) a new language, Component Pascal, that combines the
                 best of Java and Pascal, (5) fast, native-code
                 compilation, and (6) lowest possible cost (free to
                 educational users). The paper concludes with a guide to
                 further resources for those who wish to pursue this
                 promising new framework in their curricula for the
                 first year.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ziegler:1999:IPD,
  author =       "Uta Ziegler and Thad Crews",
  title =        "An integrated program development tool for teaching
                 and learning how to program",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "276--280",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299786",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Teaching and learning how to program requires
                 environments designed to support these activities
                 rather than commercially available integrated
                 development environments. This paper presents an
                 instructional environment which embraces the entire
                 process of design, algorithm development, testing and
                 debugging while minimizing the syntactic details with
                 which students must cope. Students using this
                 environment develop a view of programming in which
                 design and testing are integral parts of program
                 development.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Brown:1999:SET,
  author =       "Judy Brown and Gillian Dobbie",
  title =        "Supporting and evaluating team dynamics in group
                 projects",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "281--285",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299788",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer science students benefit from working in
                 teams. But working in teams is difficult and team
                 skills are seldom taught. In this paper, we describe
                 mechanisms we put in place for supporting team
                 processes in our group project course. We evaluate the
                 mechanisms and extract guidelines that are useful for
                 supporting team dynamics.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Grillmeyer:1999:IMT,
  author =       "Oliver Grillmeyer",
  title =        "An interactive multimedia textbook for introductory
                 computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "286--290",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299789",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A multimedia implementation of an introductory
                 computer science text based on the LISP dialect Scheme,
                 is described. The text, Exploring Computer Science with
                 Scheme [4], is designed for beginning students who may
                 have no prior experience using computers. The goal is
                 to create an environment that facilitates learning of
                 the material and concepts in the text. The multimedia
                 system includes hypertext abilities to jump through the
                 text, search, and mark positions in the text. A
                 personal notebook facility is provided that allows the
                 user to enter notes while using the system or to copy
                 sections of the text or Scheme environment directly
                 into the notebook. The tool provides an animation
                 feature that illustrates how various list and
                 applicative functions work by modeling their internal
                 actions. A Scheme listener is built into the tool to
                 foster testing ideas and experimentation. Since the
                 intended audience of the text includes people with no
                 prior computing experience, the user interface is
                 intuitive and full help features are provided.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chamillard:1999:ULS,
  author =       "A. T. Chamillard and Dolores Karolick",
  title =        "Using learning style data in an introductory computer
                 science course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "291--295",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299790",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Because learning styles affect how students approach
                 new material, a deeper comprehension of these styles
                 can help professors enhance student learning
                 experiences. In this paper we discuss how learning
                 style data can be used to help guide student study
                 habits and instructional strategies. Additionally, we
                 examine whether or not there is a correlation between
                 learning style and academic performance in an
                 introductory computer science course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Faulkner:1999:IUI,
  author =       "Xris Faulkner and Fintan Culwin",
  title =        "Integration of usability issues within initial
                 software development education. {(It's all about the
                 user, dummy!)}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "296--300",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299791",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Human Computer Systems (HCS) consist of machinery,
                 software and people. However, all too many introductory
                 software development courses concentrate unduly on the
                 nature of programming and ignore the needs of the user.
                 In this paper we will implicitly critique most existing
                 introductory software development units, from an
                 analysis of their supporting texts. We will suggest a
                 checklist that could be applied to a unit or to a text
                 to ensure that they include usability considerations.
                 We will also critique many existing HCI units and
                 courses that do not pay adequate attention to
                 integrative exercises. We will conclude by suggesting
                 ways in which these problems can start to be solved.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Concepcion:1999:AAA,
  author =       "Arturo I. Concepcion and Lawrence E. Cummins and
                 Ernest J. Moran and Man M. Do",
  title =        "Algorithma 98: an algorithm animation project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "301--305",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299793",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes Algorithma 98 which has three
                 fundamental features: walkthroughs, animations, and
                 availability of source code and documentation. The
                 first two features allow the user to exercise the
                 algorithm in a step-by-step manner while viewing its
                 animation. The third feature makes Algorithma 98 an
                 open system that can be improved and extended by
                 another developer. This paper also describes the
                 object-oriented software process that was used in
                 developing Algorithma 98 to support its extensibility
                 and reusability.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gould:1999:GDI,
  author =       "Daniel L. Gould and Rosemary M. Simpson and Andries
                 van Dam",
  title =        "Granularity in the design of interactive
                 illustrations",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "306--310",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299794",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe some issues in designing and building
                 educational Java applets for an introductory computer
                 graphics course. The design problem involves balancing
                 educational goals of building intuition about
                 fundamental concepts in a domain against heterogeneity
                 both in subject material and in student backgrounds. We
                 present our design approach for resolving these forces
                 --- fine-grained units addressing small concepts ---
                 and discuss its effects on other areas including
                 hypertext structure, interface design, and software
                 engineering.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Robbins:1999:EEU,
  author =       "Steven Robbins and Kay A. Robbins",
  title =        "Empirical exploration in undergraduate operating
                 systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "311--315",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299795",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The undergraduate operating systems course can provide
                 students with a valuable introduction to empirical
                 testing and experimentation. We have implemented a
                 process scheduling simulator designed to develop
                 student empirical skills while they are learning part
                 of the standard operating systems curriculum. The
                 simulator is written in Java and available for direct
                 experimentation via the World Wide Web. By accessing
                 the remote URL through an appletviewer, students can
                 permanently save input test data and simulator results
                 generated in HTML format. In one type of assignment,
                 students are given a hypothesis about process
                 scheduling and are asked to develop experiments to
                 support or disprove the hypothesis. In a second type of
                 assignment students are asked to develop their own
                 hypotheses. Not only did these assignments enhance
                 student understanding of process scheduling, but the
                 techniques exposed students to empirical approaches to
                 validation and testing.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Downey:1999:TED,
  author =       "Allen B. Downey",
  title =        "Teaching experimental design in an operating systems
                 class",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "316--320",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299796",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes an operating systems (OS) class
                 that departs from more common approaches by introducing
                 experimental design explicitly as part of the course
                 material. Instead of implementing operating systems
                 components or modifying existing operating systems,
                 students conduct a series of experiments that measure
                 the performance of system services and try to infer
                 information about their implementation from the
                 results. These experiments reinforce the OS concepts
                 presented in lecture, and also develop a set of skills
                 that students need for a wide range of activities:
                 formulating and testing hypotheses, analyzing and
                 presenting data, and writing.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ziegler:1999:DLI,
  author =       "Uta Ziegler",
  title =        "Discovery learning in introductory operating system
                 courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "321--325",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299797",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Practical experiences are necessary to balance the
                 theory discussed in textbooks and in class meetings.
                 Effective practical experiences must have a clear
                 purpose and must motivate students to become involved
                 as active learners. This paper presents some practical
                 experiences for an introductory operating systems
                 course. The experiences employ short programs with
                 unexpected behaviors and open-ended questions. Students
                 use these as starting points to discover more about the
                 concepts involved. The presented experiences provide
                 effective reinforcement of the underlying theory.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Neff:1999:ODC,
  author =       "Norman Neff",
  title =        "{OO} design in compiling an {OO} language",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "326--330",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299798",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Object-oriented languages have been moving into the
                 mainstream of the undergraduate curriculum at an
                 accelerating rate. We have developed a one semester
                 compilers course centered on object-oriented languages.
                 In this paper we discuss some of the major topic
                 changes and technical changes dictated by the shift to
                 object orientation. In particular, we show how to apply
                 object-oriented design and the Visitor design pattern
                 to the problem of implementing a multipass compiler for
                 an object-oriented language.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bruce:1999:FSI,
  author =       "Kim B. Bruce",
  title =        "Formal semantics and interpreters in a principles of
                 programming languages course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "331--335",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299799",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Most junior-senior level programming languages courses
                 approach the subject either from the point-of-view of
                 principles (concepts) of programming languages or from
                 the perspective of understanding languages through
                 writing progressively more complex interpreters. In
                 this paper we show how to use formal semantics in a
                 series of interpreter assignments in a principles or
                 concepts-based course. The interpreter assignments make
                 the semantics more concrete for students while
                 providing a deeper understanding of concepts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gramond:1999:UJI,
  author =       "Eric Gramond and Susan H. Rodger",
  title =        "Using {JFLAP} to Interact with Theorems in Automata
                 Theory",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "336--340",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/299649.299800;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299800",
  ISBN =         "1-58113-085-6",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-1-58113-085-0",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1999.html#GramondR99;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1999.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/Pape.bib",
  abstract =     "An automata theory course can be taught in an
                 interactive, hands-on manner using a computer. At Duke
                 we have been using the software tool JFLAP to provide
                 interaction and feedback in CPS 140, our automata
                 theory course. JFLAP is a tool for designing and
                 running nondeterministic versions of finite automata,
                 pushdown automata, and Turing machines. Recently, we
                 have enhanced JFLAP to allow one to study the proofs of
                 several theorems that focus on conversions of
                 languages, from one form to another, such as converting
                 an NFA to a DFA and then to a minimum state DFA. In
                 addition, our enhancements combined with other tools
                 allow one to interactively study LL and LR parsing
                 methods.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hitchner:1999:CGI,
  author =       "Lew Hitchner and Steve Cunningham and Scott Grissom
                 and Rosalee Wolfe",
  title =        "Computer graphics: the introductory course grows up",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "341--342",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299801",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The field of computer graphics has matured greatly
                 since the formal statement of the introductory
                 undergraduate course was created for Curriculum 91, and
                 courses must change accordingly. This panel will
                 describe a philosophical basis for the changes and will
                 give some examples of courses that are responding to
                 that change.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberts:1999:CIR,
  author =       "Eric Roberts and Russell L. Shackelford and Richard J.
                 LeBlanc and Peter J. Denning",
  title =        "Curriculum 2001: interim report from the {ACM\slash
                 IEEE-CS} task force",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "343--344",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299802;
                 https://doi.org/10.1145/299649.299802",
  ISBN =         "1-58113-085-6",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-1-58113-085-0",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1999.html#RobertsSLD99;
                 http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/DBLP/1999.bib;
                 ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Misc/leavens.bib",
  abstract =     "In the fall of 1998, the ACM Education Board and the
                 Educational Activities Board of the IEEE Computer
                 Society appointed representatives to a joint task force
                 to prepare Curriculum 2001, the next installment in a
                 series of reports on the undergraduate Computer Science
                 curriculum that began in 1968 and was then updated in
                 1978 and 1991. The purpose of this panel is to present
                 an overview of the early work of the task force and to
                 generate discussion in the SIGCSE membership about the
                 directions and plans for the new curriculum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lidtke:1999:NDA,
  author =       "Doris K. Lidtke and John Gorgone and Della Bonnette
                 and Michael C. Mulder",
  title =        "New developments in accreditation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "345",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299803",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Recently several changes have occurred in
                 accreditation. This panel will address four major
                 changes: the new guidelines for accreditation on
                 Computer Science programs, the integration of the
                 Computing Sciences Accreditation Board (CSAB) and the
                 Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology
                 (ABET), the developments in software engineering
                 accreditation, and the developments in accreditation of
                 programs in computer information sciences/information
                 systems science. This panel will discuss these recent
                 and their potential impacts. These areas may see
                 considerable change from the submission of the proposal
                 for a panel and the time that panel convenes in San
                 Antonio.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bagert:1999:RCS,
  author =       "Donald J. Bagert and Thomas B. Hilburn and Gregory W.
                 Hislop and Nancy R. Mead and Susan A. Mengel and
                 Hossein Saiedian",
  title =        "A report on the {1999 Conference on Software
                 Engineering Education and Training}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "346--347",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299804",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The 12th Conference on Software Engineering Education
                 and Training (CSEE\&T '99), held immediately before
                 SIGCSE '99 in New Orleans, continued a tradition of
                 offering direction, promoting innovation and
                 collaboration, and stimulating new instructional
                 approaches to software engineering education and
                 training. CSEE\&T is the only conference devoted
                 entirely to the improvement of software engineering
                 education and training. CSEE\&T '99 focused on a
                 different theme each day: $ \bullet $ Professional
                 Issues $ \bullet $ Training Curricula and Distance
                 Education $ \bullet $ Undergraduate and Graduate
                 CurriculaCSEE\&T '99 also included several half-day
                 workshops designed to provide a forum participants to
                 exchange opinions on topics on software engineering
                 research and practice, and related education and
                 training issues. This panel will report on the
                 activities of CSEE\&T '99 for the benefit of those
                 at SIGCSE that could not attend both conferences. Some
                 of the issues related to CSEE\&T '99 that will be
                 addressed by the panelists: $ \bullet $ Current trends
                 in software engineering education that were presented;
                 $ \bullet $ The status of the development of software
                 engineering as a discipline, especially with regard to
                 curriculum models, accreditation, and licensing, and
                 how that may affect computer science programs; $
                 \bullet $ Good pedagogical techniques/tools/projects
                 that were identified; $ \bullet $ Areas of controversy
                 concerning software engineering that were addressed; $
                 \bullet $ Areas that were discussed where software
                 engineering education needs improvement; and $ \bullet
                 $ Reasons why it would be beneficial for SIGCSE
                 attendees to also attend CSEE\&T in future years.
                 CSEE\&T was first held in 1987, and was then called
                 the Conference on Software Engineering Education. It
                 has been held annually since that time, except for a
                 one-year skip in 1993. Until 1992, the conference was
                 located in Pittsburgh, and is now held in various parts
                 of the United States. In 1997, the name of the
                 conference was changed to the Conference on Software
                 Education and Training, to reflect the growing interest
                 in training and industry/university collaboration
                 issues at the conference. CSEE\&T was originally
                 sponsored by the Software Engineering Institute (SEI)
                 of Carnegie Mellon University. In 1996, SEI and the
                 IEEE Computer Society jointly sponsored the conference,
                 with IEEE-CS taking over complete sponsorship in 1997.
                 The conference is still partially supported by the SEI,
                 and is held in cooperation with ACM SIGCSE. (The
                 conference has been held in the same city immediately
                 before the SIGCSE Symposium on Computer Science
                 Education since 1998.) When under SEI sponsorship, the
                 conference chairs and most of the program committee
                 were associated with the institute, while the
                 organizers of the conference are now drawn from the
                 entire software engineering education and training
                 community. The Conference Proceedings were originally
                 published by Springer-Verlag, and since 1996 by
                 IEEE-CS.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goldweber:1999:COS,
  author =       "Michael Goldweber and John Barr and Tracy Camp and
                 John Grahm and Stephen Hartley",
  title =        "A comparison of operating systems courseware",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "348--349",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299805",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sobel:1999:CIU,
  author =       "Ann E. Kelley Sobel and Mario Guimaraes",
  title =        "Current issues in undergraduate student research",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "350",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299806",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This panel proposal outlines the need, and
                 significance of evaluating formal presentations of an
                 undergraduate student's current research for the ACM
                 International Student Research Poster Contest.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sobel:1999:CIG,
  author =       "Ann E. Kelley Sobel and Mario Guimaraes",
  title =        "Current issues in graduate student research",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "351",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299807",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This panel proposal outlines the need, and
                 significance of evaluating formal presentations of an
                 graduate student's current research for the ACM
                 International Student Research Poster Contest.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gorgone:1999:GIS,
  author =       "John T. Gorgone",
  title =        "Graduate information systems curriculum for the 21st
                 century",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "352--353",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299808",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Parlante:1999:NAP,
  author =       "Nick Parlante and Owen Astrachan and Mike Clancy and
                 Richard E. Pattis and Julie Zelenski and Stuart Reges",
  title =        "Nifty assignments panel",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "354--355",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299809",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Henry:1999:USD,
  author =       "Sallie Henry and Nancy Miller and Wei Li and Joseph
                 Chase and Todd Stevens",
  title =        "Using software development teams in a classroom
                 environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "356--357",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299810",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Stehlik:1999:CFD,
  author =       "Mark Stehlik and Susan H. Rodger and Kathy Larson and
                 Alyce Brady and Chris Nevison",
  title =        "Current and future direction of the advanced placement
                 exam",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "358",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299811",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Klee:1999:AGA,
  author =       "Karl J. Klee and Nancy Burns and Fay Cover and Judith
                 Porter",
  title =        "{ACM} guidelines for associate and certificate level
                 programs in computer information technology",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "359",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299812",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Through grants from the ACM Education and SIG Boards,
                 a Task Force of the ACM Two-Year College Education
                 Committee has formulated guidelines to provide
                 education for computer support personnel to help
                 alleviate the shortage of qualified information
                 technology workers. The panelists will be highlighting
                 the key points in the guidelines.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Akhtar:1999:NCO,
  author =       "Shakil Akhtar and Nizar Al-Holou and Mark Fienup and
                 Gail T. Finley and Robert S. Roos and Sam Tannouri",
  title =        "The networks course: old problems, new solutions",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "360--361",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299813",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "New approaches and techniques for teaching the
                 undergraduate level course in networks and data
                 communications will be discussed. Many of these ideas
                 were presented at the 1998 Workshop on Networking
                 sponsored by NSF and Michigan State University's
                 Department of Computer Science and Engineering.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1999:CAH,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker and J. Paul {Myers, Jr.} and Stu
                 Zweben and Allen B. {Tucker, Jr.} and Grant Braught",
  title =        "The crisis in academic hiring in computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "362--363",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299814",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Howerton:1999:AYP,
  author =       "Charles P. Howerton and Mary Ann Robbert and Carl E.
                 Bredlau and Peter J. Knoke",
  title =        "Addressing the {Y2K} problem in the computing
                 classroom",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "364--365",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299815",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Martin:1999:NSF,
  author =       "C. Dianne Martin and Margaret M. Reek",
  title =        "{National Science Foundation Course, Curriculum and
                 Laboratory Improvement} program: adaptation and
                 implementation track",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "366",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299816",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nevison:1999:SSC,
  author =       "Christopher H. Nevison",
  title =        "Seminar: safe concurrent programming in {Java} with
                 {CSP}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "367",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299817",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present methods for safe and correct programming
                 for concurrent threads in Java. The methods are based
                 on the principles of Concurrent Sequential Processes
                 (CSP). We demonstrate the use of tools which provide
                 the structure of CSP within Java to avoid some of the
                 pitfalls of multithreaded programming using monitors,
                 the primitive synchronization tool in Java. Several
                 examples illustrate the use of these tools.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kolling:1999:TTT,
  author =       "Michael K{\"o}lling and John Rosenberg",
  title =        "Tools and techniques for teaching objects first in a
                 {Java} course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "368",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299818",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sanders:1999:CMT,
  author =       "Dean Sanders and Janet Hartman",
  title =        "A compendium of multimedia tools for all budgets",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "369",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299819",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1999:DTR,
  author =       "Deborah Knox and Scott Grissom",
  title =        "Developing teaching resources for reuse and publishing
                 in the {CSTC}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "370",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384266.299820",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:36 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This seminar will provide information about the
                 Computer Science Teaching Center, focusing on
                 developing contributions. The qualities of materials
                 likely to be accepted after formal review by peers will
                 be covered and the process of submission, review, and
                 acceptance will be discussed. Participants will analyze
                 samples of successful materials.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Feldman:1999:IOU,
  author =       "Michael B. Feldman",
  title =        "Inspiring our undergraduate students' asperations",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "4--7",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571537",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Martin:1999:ARAa,
  author =       "C. Dianne Martin",
  title =        "From awareness to responsible action (part 1):
                 defining learning objectives and necessary skills",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "8--10",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571539",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gotterbarn:1999:TAC,
  author =       "Don Gotterbarn",
  title =        "Two approaches to computer ethics",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "11--12",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571540",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lee:1999:MC,
  author =       "John A. N. Lee",
  title =        "Multiplying on the chessboard",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "13--14",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571542",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clear:1999:EOS,
  author =       "Tony Clear",
  title =        "{``Eating Our Seed Corn''} or restricting crop
                 diversity?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "15--16",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571544",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gorgone:1999:ISA,
  author =       "John T. Gorgone",
  title =        "Information systems accreditation: revisited",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "17--18",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571546",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This column briefly reviews the history of information
                 systems (IS) accreditation and presents a set of
                 criteria, that are in the development stages, for
                 accrediting IS programs. The purpose of the draft IS
                 criteria is to generate discussion within the
                 professional community that will lead to support and
                 improvements in the criteria and endorsement of the IS
                 accreditation process. Educators expressed interest in
                 IS accreditation soon after CSAB was formed in 1985. An
                 IS accreditation workshop was held in November 1986 at
                 the Fall Joint Computer Conference in Dallas.
                 Representatives from ACM, IEEE-CS, and DPMA (now AITP)
                 discussed the merits of and mechanisms for
                 accreditation. There was sufficient interest to form a
                 working group with one representative from each society
                 to develop draft criteria. The group circulated the
                 draft criteria and presented it to ACM's Accreditation
                 Committee at the 1987 Computer Science Conference.
                 Public presentations were made at the DPMA Educational
                 Foundation's Information Systems Education Conference
                 (ISECON) in 1987 and at the 19th ACM SIGCSE Technical
                 Symposium in 1988. Each society published the criteria
                 encourage discussion within the professional community.
                 At the time, however, many IS programs were housed in
                 an accredited AACSB school of business and these
                 schools were not interested in program accreditation.
                 DPMA was not interested in joining the ACM or the
                 IEEE-CS in funding an IS accreditation process, so the
                 idea was put on hold. Today, approximately 50\% of IS
                 programs are located outside schools of business and
                 interest in accreditation is being revisited. NSF has
                 provided a three-year grant to examine the feasibility
                 of accreditation of programs in computer information
                 science/systems/technology. The principal investigators
                 (PI) of the study are project director Doris Lidtke of
                 Towson University, and Co-PIs John T. Gorgone of
                 Bentley College, John Henderson of Boston University,
                 and Willis King of the University of Houston. The study
                 includes the development of a set of criteria and
                 procedures which may be used for accreditation of IS
                 related programs. Check the IS accreditation web site
                 [1] for ongoing information. This NSF-sponsored project
                 brings together representation from all identified
                 stakeholders:1. Leading information-computing
                 societies: Association for Information Systems (AIS),
                 Association for Computing Machinery (ACM),
                 IEEE-Computer Society (IEEE/CS), and Association for
                 Information Technology Processing (AITP);2. Major
                 recent curriculum efforts, IS'97, ICC'99 and Curriculum
                 '91;3. NSF funded curriculum development efforts;4 The
                 Computing Sciences Accreditation Board; and
                 representatives from industry and academic
                 institutions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dale:1999:BRE,
  author =       "Nell Dale",
  title =        "Bibliography relevant to education research",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "18--19",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571548",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartman:1999:GBW,
  author =       "Janet Hartman",
  title =        "Grant bytes on the {Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "20--21",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571550",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCauley:1999:TAI,
  author =       "Ren{\'e}e McCauley",
  title =        "Teaching the artificial intelligence course: online
                 resources that can help a lot!",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "21--22",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571552",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1999:CST,
  author =       "Deborah L. Knox",
  title =        "The computer science teaching center",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "22--23",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571554",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1999:FIE,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker",
  title =        "Finding interesting examples and assignments for
                 {CS1\slash 2} assignments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "24--25",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571556",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gersting:1999:SSE,
  author =       "Judith L. Gersting and Frank H. Young",
  title =        "Sharpening subjective evaluation skills",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "26--26",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571558",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Davies:1999:GD,
  author =       "Gordon Davies",
  title =        "Global {DL}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "27--27",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571560",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chung:1999:RAC,
  author =       "Sei-Jong Chung",
  title =        "Recursive algorithm with {C++} program for
                 floating-point arithmetic",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "28--30",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571562",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Floating point Arithmetic is a topic included in
                 virtually all textbooks for Computer Systems (CS 3:
                 ACM's Curriculum Recommendation) or for Computer
                 Organization (CS 4: ACM's Curriculum Recommendation).
                 This paper presents a mathematical optimization model
                 for the topic. The problem of converting real (float)
                 numbers into binary equivalents is first modeled as a
                 Zero-One Integer Programming problem. Then, a Recursive
                 Algorithm is formulated for Floating-Point Formats.
                 Computer programs are written in both C and C++ for a
                 32-bit floating-point format, using the recursive
                 algorithm. [The computer programs are available at the
                 email \ldots{}.]",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Nielsen:1999:CTC,
  author =       "S. Travis Nielsen and Douglas M. Campbell",
  title =        "Current trends in computer science graduate
                 admissions: a survey of the top 108 programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "31--34",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571563",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This article addresses some questions students have
                 when completing applications to maximize their chances
                 for admission to graduate school. We conducted a survey
                 of the admissions process among the top computer
                 science programs. Our study shows how admission
                 committees weigh different sections of an application
                 and overall trends of admission. The results are of
                 interest to both applicants and computer science
                 graduate faculty.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Castro:1999:PC,
  author =       "Fernando G. Castro and Reynaldo Lezama and Albeniz
                 Vasquez",
  title =        "Playing click",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "35--36",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571564",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Goldweber:1999:RUH,
  author =       "Michael Goldweber",
  title =        "A report on the use of {HyperTalk} in {CS1} within a
                 liberal arts setting",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "37--41",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571565",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The choice of which formal (programming) language to
                 use in CS1 has occupied or preoccupied computer science
                 educators for some time now. Some have even dubbed the
                 debate as the ``language wars.'' We do not intend for
                 this report to be is another salvo in this war.
                 Instead, we wish to report on why one institution has
                 decided on an unconventional choice--HyperTalk--and the
                 successful results obtained from using it in CS1 for
                 the past five semesters.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Elorriaga:1999:PCS,
  author =       "Jon Ander Elorriaga and Juli{\'a}n Guti{\'e}rrez and
                 Jes{\'u}s Ib{\'a}{\~n}ez and Imanol Usandizaga",
  title =        "A proposal for a computer security course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "42--47",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571566",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer security is a relatively new subject in
                 computer science curricula. We notice this in a
                 moderate academic incidence or in an incomplete
                 syllabus in most of the computer science teaching. The
                 main goal of this article is to share the two years
                 academic experience of the authors in this matter. The
                 article makes a proposal for a first computer security
                 subject. This proposal discusses theoretical and
                 practical contents and the use of a different didactic
                 methodology. Finally, the article refers to the
                 positive results obtained on the students learning and
                 acceptation of the contents taught and the used
                 methodology. Marks and the results of a test made to
                 the student population have confirmed this.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hitchner:1999:ATG,
  author =       "Lewis E. Hitchner",
  title =        "An automatic testing and grading method for a {C++}
                 list class",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "48--50",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571567",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents a scheme for automatic grading of
                 the member functions of a C++ list class. Developing an
                 automatic grading program for C++ classes is
                 non-trivial because a test case to verify one member
                 function of the class may depend upon the correctness
                 of one or more other class member functions. In
                 addition, performing multiple test cases in the same
                 driver program may produce invalid grading outcomes
                 because an erroneous result from one test case could
                 violate the preconditions for a later test case. The
                 method described here uses a weakness of C++ data
                 encapsulation that allows access to private data
                 members of an object. Two instances of a list object
                 are constructed, tested, and compared using student
                 designed and instructor designed classes. If a test
                 case produces incorrect results using the student's
                 class, the instructor written class may be used (via a
                 type cast) to access the private data members of the
                 student's list object to correct the errors. The
                 grading program automatically reports and tallies
                 errors for each member function and for the class
                 total.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Juhasz:1999:USS,
  author =       "Zoltan Juhasz",
  title =        "Using spreadsheets as a simple and effective teaching
                 tool for predicting and visualizing parallel program
                 performance",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "51--54",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571568",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes how we can use a spreadsheet
                 program as an inexpensive and readily available tool to
                 help students understand the execution behavior of
                 parallel programs. Using the proposed method a
                 performance prediction model can be created in a matter
                 of minutes and the performance of the parallel system
                 can be visualized and animated by using standard
                 three-dimensional surface plots and user interface
                 control objects.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Navrat:1999:SEE,
  author =       "Pavol N{\'a}vrat and M{\'a}ria Bielikov{\'a}",
  title =        "Software engineering education: different contexts,
                 similar contents",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "55--59",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571569",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses two important aspects of the
                 software engineering related education: the context,
                 both the current one and the historical background of
                 the development and the contents of the education. We
                 concentrate on the situation in Slovakia which has been
                 very similar to other countries in the Central Europe,
                 so it can be considered representative in some sense.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Robertson:1999:HMR,
  author =       "John S. Robertson",
  title =        "How many recursive calls does a recursive function
                 make?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "60--61",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571570",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The calculation of the Fibonacci sequence using
                 recursion gives rise to an interesting question: How
                 many times does a recursive function call itself? This
                 paper presents one way to examine this question using
                 difference equations with initial conditions, or
                 discrete dynamical systems (DDS). We show that there is
                 a linear relationship between the Fibonacci numbers
                 themselves and the number of recursive calls. This
                 relationship generalizes to any type of DDS of
                 second-order, and DDS of higher-order.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Stratton:1999:TNF,
  author =       "David Stratton",
  title =        "Teaching network fundamentals using a simulated
                 network",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "62--64",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571571",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The classic computer science degree begins by offering
                 students insights into the workings of a stand-alone
                 computer in order that they can be effective in their
                 career in the computing industry. However, the
                 interconnection of computers in networks is now so
                 pervasive that students also need a foundation in
                 network fundamentals. A simulated network is a safe and
                 inexpensive environment in which to expose students to
                 networking issues. Existing network simulators are
                 designed to model traffic and performance and are
                 unsuitable for these purposes. This paper describes a
                 Java application, distributed using the Common Object
                 Request Broker Architecture (CORBA), that has been
                 written to provide an environment in which students can
                 actively engage with some important networking
                 concepts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carlisle:1999:GF,
  author =       "Martin C. Carlisle",
  title =        "Graphics for free",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "65--68",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571572",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Students find computer graphics one of the most
                 interesting topics in computer science. Unfortunately,
                 writing programs with graphics requires understanding
                 concepts that are usually beyond the scope of an
                 introductory computer science course. For example, in
                 Windows 95, a program that uses graphics must have an
                 event loop that dispatches messages to the appropriate
                 handler. Event loops, messages, and handlers are well
                 beyond the grasp of someone just learning about
                 variables! Consequently, programming assignments for
                 introductory courses tend to use no graphics, or simple
                 ANSI graphics (see, e.g., Feldman and Koffman [1]).
                 These programs compare unfavorably to the graphics of
                 games most students are accustomed to using, and
                 motivation to program in an introductory course may be
                 lost. Ideally, we would like to be able to have
                 students write programs that have more appealing
                 interfaces, yet do not require a large amount of
                 additional conceptual complexity. In fact, the best
                 case would be to have the student write a program as if
                 it were a simple text-based program, and have the
                 compiler automatically add a graphical interface.
                 Languages that provide overloading, such as Ada 95,
                 allow us to accomplish precisely that. This paper
                 describes a library, Graphics\_110 (named in honor of
                 our introductory course, CS 110), which, using
                 overloading, replaces the standard I/O libraries in Ada
                 95 (Ada. Text\_IO, Ada. Float\_Text\_IO, and Ada.
                 Integer\_Tex\_IO). By following a simple contract and
                 replacing calls to the standard libraries with calls to
                 Graphics\_110, the student obtains a program with a
                 Windows-style interface without ever having to worry
                 about the implementation details. Although we use Ada
                 95 for this paper, the ideas extend to any programming
                 language that provides subtypes and overloading. The
                 next section describes the ``contract'' the programmer
                 must follow to use the library and the third section
                 describes the implementation of Graphics\_110. In each
                 section, we describe how we used Graphics\_110 with a
                 battleship game implemented in our introductory course.
                 The final section presents conclusions and ideas for
                 future work.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Pfeiffer:1999:WEW,
  author =       "Phil Pfeiffer",
  title =        "What employers want from students: a report from
                 {OOPSLA}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "69--70",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571573",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Recently, two of our stronger graduate students had
                 trouble finding work as software developers. Both
                 students had done masters-level work in operating
                 systems, networking, software engineering, and various
                 ``hot'' technologies, including Java, C++, and
                 client-server computing. Both students had also worked
                 as programmers before starting graduate school. Given
                 these credentials, I was surprised when these students,
                 in effect, had to move closer to prospective employers
                 before they gave serious consideration to their
                 resumes. My students' experiences caused me to conduct
                 an informal survey about the perceived value of a
                 computer science degree. In October 1998, I asked
                 employees from 23 exhibitors at OOPSLA '98---software,
                 consulting, and training firms---to assess what their
                 company expected from any applicant with a BS or MS in
                 computer science. What follows are my findings,
                 together with concluding observations regarding what
                 these findings might signify.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sobel:1999:ELE,
  author =       "Ann E. Kelley Sobel and Joseph C. Hill",
  title =        "Enhancing the learning environment of deaf students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "71--72",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571574",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The experiences of teaching a CS1 course that included
                 a deaf student are presented. The intention of this
                 presentation is to provide guidelines for improving the
                 learning environment for future classes of similar
                 student composition.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Abi-Raad:1999:CEW,
  author =       "Maurice Abi-Raad",
  title =        "Code of ethics? which one?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "73--77",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571575",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We all have ideas about our local, national, and
                 global professional code of ethics. But, we do not
                 really know for sure how they interact. With the growth
                 of global business practices, information technology
                 (IT) professionals are wandering in a circle when it
                 comes to ethical dilemmas. Which ethical standards
                 should they follow? Should they adhere to their local
                 IT professional standards; should they swear allegiance
                 to their national IT vision, their country and its
                 cultural and historical influences on professional IT
                 practices? Or, should they give in to the global set of
                 ethical behaviors dictated by their global employer
                 when power, profit and politics impose new codes of
                 ethics across the whole world. Furthermore, with the
                 new structures of the global organizations, the global
                 market has a pool of professionals and each one of them
                 has his/her own interpretation of their own respective
                 code of ethics. All these issues will certainly leave
                 our young professional graduates in a state of divided
                 loyalty. Whichever way our IT graduates choose, they
                 are bound to have conflicts. The pursuit of good
                 ethical practices is indeed a desirable aim. But,
                 anyone waiting for a standard global solution is in a
                 deep trouble, because there is none. This paper will
                 propose a framework aimed at providing a contribution
                 towards the socialization of students' self-regulated
                 multicultural societies through international student
                 exchange programs. The aim of the framework is to
                 create a suitable environment where students can and
                 will develop, assess, review and educate their own
                 professional code of ethics for the current and future
                 members of their students' mini-societies. This will
                 eventually prepare them to be active participants in
                 the bigger debate dealing with the issue of global
                 professional code of ethics.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Apenyo:1999:UER,
  author =       "Kofi Apenyo",
  title =        "Using the entity-relationship model to teach the
                 relational model",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "78--80",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571576",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "By far the two most important database models used in
                 data management today are the relational and the
                 entity-relationship models. In the database development
                 cycle, entity-relationship modeling precedes the
                 relational model work. Yet, in most textbooks and
                 therefore in the classroom the relational model is
                 presented before the entity-relationship model. The
                 student is left to retrofit the entity-relationship
                 model to the relational model. This paper advocates
                 reversing this order of presentation so as to be in
                 line with the database development cycle. The major
                 benefit lies in taking advantage of this sequence to
                 improve teaching the relational model. Assuming a prior
                 treatment of conceptual modeling, examples and
                 principles of the entity-relationship model are used to
                 illustrate, elaborate, and even explain relational
                 model concepts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Johnson:1999:EST,
  author =       "Hubert A. Johnson",
  title =        "Evaluation of the {SEPA} in teaching undergraduate
                 software engineering in the traditional computer
                 science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "81--83",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571577",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Experiences provide computer science majors need to
                 mirror the typical situation a student will encounter
                 after graduation. The frustration as well as the
                 benefit of working in a group can only be appreciated
                 if experienced first hand. This has made the
                 introduction of software engineering concepts into the
                 traditional computer science curriculum an invaluable
                 component in all computer science courses. The use of
                 Software Engineering --- A Practitioner's Approach
                 (SEPA) in an undergraduate software engineering course
                 taught at Montclair in the Spring of 1997 was an
                 attempt to expose the students to situations as typical
                 of real-world conditions as possible. In assessing the
                 impact of this approach on undergraduate software
                 education, I concluded that the SEPA can provide a rich
                 and significantly worthwhile experience for students as
                 the students in this course had very positive feedback
                 regarding the course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Aagren:1999:TCC,
  author =       "Ola {\AA}gren",
  title =        "Teaching computer concepts using virtual machines",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "84--85",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571578",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A set of virtual assemblers and a virtual machine are
                 used as a teaching tool in order to teach students
                 differences and similarities between architectural
                 styles of computer processors. Programs written by the
                 students in the virtual assemblers are compiled using
                 the corresponding virtual assembler. They are then
                 executed on the virtual machine so that students can
                 follow the execution of the programs step by step or at
                 full speed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCauley:1999:TSE,
  author =       "Ren{\'e}e McCauley and Ursula Jackson",
  title =        "Teaching software engineering early: experiences and
                 results",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "86--91",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571580",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In the fall of 1994, we reorganized the content of our
                 three-course computer science introductory sequence in
                 order to introduce software engineering concepts early
                 and provide a consistent software engineering focus
                 from one course to the next. We also established
                 documentation and design standards that would serve as
                 a framework for teaching the software engineering
                 principles and techniques that we considered
                 appropriate and essential to novice software
                 developers. In an attempt to assess the impact of this
                 new teaching process, we compared the performances in
                 upper-level project-oriented courses of students who
                 had been exposed to the new introductory sequence to
                 those of students who had not. This paper describes the
                 documentation and design standards established in 1994,
                 their evolution over the past four years, and how these
                 standards can be used as a framework for teaching
                 software engineering concepts early in the curriculum.
                 It also reports on what we have learned through
                 tracking our students. We found that, in three
                 upper-level courses, project grades for students
                 exposed to software engineering concepts early averaged
                 as much as half a letter grade higher than those of
                 other students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1999:RSS,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker",
  title =        "Report from the {SIGCSE} secretary\slash treasurer",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "92--93",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/571535.571582",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:38 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carter:1999:GPW,
  author =       "Janet Carter and Tony Jenkins",
  title =        "Gender and programming: what's going on?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "1--4",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305824",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The learning (and teaching) of programming in Higher
                 Education is a perennial problem, and is the subject of
                 much attention and innovation. One way in which the
                 problem can be addressed is for instructors to
                 investigate and thus better understand the ways in
                 which students learn to program. We present the results
                 of investigations carried out at the Universities of
                 Kent and Leeds into the ways in which gender influences
                 the learning approach of students in programming. The
                 research shows that gender is a significant factor in
                 determining the way in which students approach learning
                 to program. A better understanding of the issues raised
                 would lead to more effective teaching and thus better
                 learning.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Davy:1999:RLI,
  author =       "John Davy and Tony Jenkins",
  title =        "Research-led innovation in teaching and learning
                 programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "5--8",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305826",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe an attempt to bridge the gap between
                 educational research and practical innovation by making
                 a package of changes to an introductory programming
                 module based on the insights of existing theoretical
                 work. Theoretical principles are described, used to
                 evaluate previous practices and then employed to guide
                 systematic changes. Preliminary evaluation indicates
                 substantial improvements in student performance and
                 enjoyment while indicating areas in need of further
                 work.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCracken:1999:WWO,
  author =       "Michael McCracken and Robert Waters",
  title =        "Why? When an otherwise successful intervention fails",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "9--12",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305828",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has been an effective
                 technique in developing self-directed learning and
                 problem-solving skills in students --- especially in
                 the medical school environment. This paper looks at
                 some preliminary results of an ethnographic study of
                 students in a software development environment trying
                 to use PBL. Our findings indicate that students need
                 explicit training in group dynamics, students tend to
                 rely excessively on existing knowledge, and they focus
                 almost solely on product-related issues versus
                 process-related ones. We then present some suggested
                 improvements and future planned research.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ben-Ari:1999:TPP,
  author =       "Mordechai Ben-Ari and Yifat Ben-David Kolikant",
  title =        "Thinking parallel: the process of learning
                 concurrency",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "13--16",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305831",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a course in concurrent and
                 distributed computing for high school students and
                 empirical research that was done to study students'
                 conceptions and attitudes. We found that both their
                 conceptions and their work methods evolved during
                 course to the point that they were able to successfully
                 develop algorithms and to prove their correctness.
                 Students initially found the course extremely
                 challenging but eventually came to appreciate its
                 relevance and its contribution to improving their
                 cognitive skills.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Holmboe:1999:CFK,
  author =       "Christian Holmboe",
  title =        "A cognitive framework for knowledge in informatics:
                 the case of object-orientation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "17--20",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305833",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Knowledge is a function of both skills and
                 understanding. The interaction between instrumental and
                 relational understanding is necessary for construction
                 of further knowledge. Constructivist theory is used to
                 analyse the learning process in informatics. A
                 framework for describing different types / levels of
                 knowledge is used to describe students and professors
                 statements about the concept of Object-orientation. The
                 findings of this study may have implications for
                 teaching Object-orientation, especially in introductory
                 courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Arnow:1999:LPE,
  author =       "David Arnow and Oleg Barshay",
  title =        "On-line programming examinations using {Web} to
                 teach",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "21--24",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305835",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Using the automated code-checking capability of the
                 WebToTeach system, we have built WebToTest, a system
                 for administering on-line programming examination. The
                 system successfully addresses many of the issues raised
                 by recent work in on-line exams by providing reliable
                 automatic checking of exam questions and a secure,
                 restricted programming environment usable by the
                 students during the exam. Its web-based character makes
                 it amenable to distance education applications.
                 Furthermore, because examinations may be administered
                 on any collection of computers that provide a browser,
                 and thus do not require reservation of the student
                 programming labs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kumar:1999:CWL,
  author =       "Amruth N. Kumar",
  title =        "On changing from written to on-line tests in {Computer
                 Science I}: an assessment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "25--28",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305838",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "How do on-line tests compare with written tests in
                 Computer Science I? Do students who do well in written
                 tests also do well in an online test? Is an online test
                 better or worse than a written test at assessing the
                 problem-solving skills of a student? This paper
                 summarizes the answers to these questions that we found
                 during our switch from written to on-line testing.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Preston:1999:ILA,
  author =       "Jon A. Preston and Russell Shackelford",
  title =        "Improving on-line assessment: an investigation of
                 existing marking methodologies",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "29--32",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305840",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We are in the process of developing an on-line marking
                 system for use in our large-scale CS1 and CS2 courses.
                 To better accommodate the needs of our numerous raters,
                 we investigated their current methodologies in marking
                 students' work; this paper presents our findings from
                 recording ``think out loud'' marking sessions and
                 surveys. A prototype for an on-line assessment software
                 tool is described; this tool allows markers to view
                 students' work at various degrees of detail ranging
                 from complete, low-level to ``meta-level.'' We believe
                 such a system is beneficial for improving the marking
                 process in large-scale and distance classes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Zoltowski:1999:CTD,
  author =       "Bogdan Zoltowski and Roger Boyle and John Davy",
  title =        "Curriculum and teaching delivery change in an
                 international context",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "33--35",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305842",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Poland and its education system have been undergoing
                 radical and fast change since 1989 as the country
                 ``westernises''. The pressures on HE in some ways
                 mirror those of western Europe (growing classes,
                 industrial and commercial demands), but the starting
                 point is quite different. Attempting to meet these
                 challenges, a TEMPUS PHARE [2] project has brought
                 together 6 western universities and the Technical
                 University of Lodz in a 3 year programme to redesign
                 programmes and delivery across the Faculty of Technical
                 Physics, Computer Science and Applied Mathematics. A
                 progress report on this attempt at major change
                 management is presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kuras:1999:CCM,
  author =       "Marian Kura{\'s} and Mariusz Grabowski and Agnieszka
                 Zaj{\k{a}}c",
  title =        "Changing {IS} curriculum and methods of instruction",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "36--39",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305843",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 22 09:55:14 2018",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The paper presents problems of teaching information
                 systems at school of management. Authors drew from
                 observations in Polish and western schools of
                 management and literature. Suggestions in respect to
                 rules for new curriculum design are given in the paper.
                 The results of investigations are presented in
                 conclusions with recommendations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Koffman:1999:CUJ,
  author =       "Elliot Koffman and Ursula Wolz",
  title =        "{CS1} using {Java} language features gently",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "40--43",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305845",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Teaching a new programming language in CS1 requires
                 the instructor to make several important decisions
                 regarding sequencing of topics. In teaching Java, the
                 basic decisions center around how to perform input and
                 output, when to teach the AWT (Abstract Window Toolkit)
                 and threads, whether to begin with applets or
                 applications, and how much detail about object-oriented
                 programming and Java language features is required in
                 the beginning. This paper describes a ``language
                 features gently'' approach to teaching CS1 in Java.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Omland:1999:ESA,
  author =       "Hans Olav Omland",
  title =        "Educating systems analysts emphasising the human
                 factor",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "44--47",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305846",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper argues that students in Information Systems
                 (Systems Analysts) have learned methods, methodologies
                 and techniques, but have less experience in
                 self-reflection and self-awareness. Systems Analysts
                 are central in developing Information Systems and need
                 to communicate and understand people with many
                 different backgrounds and perspectives concerning use
                 of Information systems. The paper suggests a curriculum
                 that may give the students a learning environment that
                 opens up possibilities for self-reflection and
                 self-awareness. These virtues can only be obtained as a
                 by-product of something else and is best learned via
                 learning in action. Hopefully they will improve the
                 Systems Analyst's capabilities to construct good and
                 useful Information Systems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCracken:1999:MDD,
  author =       "Michael McCracken and Wendy Newstetter and Jeff
                 Chastine",
  title =        "Misconceptions of designing: a descriptive study",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "48--51",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305847",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Our experience in designing and teaching a
                 cross-disciplinary freshman design class has led us to
                 believe that students entering design fields (e.g.,
                 computer science or engineering) are saddled with
                 na{\"\i}ve or (mis)conceptions about design and design
                 activity. It is our belief that for students to become
                 effective designers, they must be helped to recognize
                 and overcome these misconceptions through appropriate
                 educational interventions. To better understand the
                 nature and substance of these misconceptions, we
                 conducted a descriptive survey study of 290 freshman in
                 a technological institute. Our findings begin to
                 suggest a consistent profile of misconceptions across
                 declared majors that start to explain observations we
                 have made of na{\"\i}ve designers in our freshman
                 design class. This paper reports on those findings.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Carter:1999:CPW,
  author =       "Janet Carter",
  title =        "Collaboration or plagiarism: what happens when
                 students work together",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "52--55",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305848",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the findings of a small-scale
                 case study concerning the collaborative aspects of
                 student working practices. It is a pilot investigation
                 into the strategies that are employed by students when
                 attempting Object Oriented programming exercises
                 outside the formal classroom setting. Some of the
                 collaborative practices are simple cases of copying,
                 but others, despite falling within the definition of
                 plagiarism, are a beneficial, and possibly useful,
                 means of enhancing the learning process. Although this
                 study only focuses upon a small group of students in
                 one UK University, the practices highlighted are
                 unlikely to be confined to this one setting.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Sheard:1999:SLE,
  author =       "Judy Sheard and Dianne Hagan",
  title =        "A special learning environment for repeat students",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "56--59",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305853",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In 1997, surveys of a group of introductory
                 programming students, in a class with a predominance of
                 repeat students (i.e., students who had previously
                 failed the subject), provided an opportunity to
                 establish a profile of the weakest students. These
                 students were the ``alienated'' ones who had not wanted
                 to do this course in the first place, had little
                 motivation to learn programming, and were characterised
                 by poor class attendance and low work output. In 1998 a
                 new learning environment, tailored to these students'
                 special needs, was implemented to encourage them to
                 achieve success. Improvement was observed in many
                 aspects of the learning behaviour of these students.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Balbin:1999:YDQ,
  author =       "Isaac Balbin",
  title =        "Is your degree quality endorsed?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "60--63",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305855",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Defining what we mean by a quality degree is a
                 difficult enough undertaking. Having to demonstrate
                 that a degree program is adhering to this definition is
                 at least as challenging. Academics already ``know''
                 that they are doing a good job with the teaching and
                 learning aspects of their courses and so any suggestion
                 that the processes involved need monitoring and
                 auditing commonly meet with a combination of disdain,
                 calls of ``time-wasting'' and ``meddling'' and general
                 derision. At the same time, there is increasing
                 pressure on Universities around the world to not only
                 be accountable for the quality of their products but to
                 also demonstrate that processes that reflect the
                 efforts to achieve quality be visible and in place. In
                 this paper we describe a new web-based database system
                 which has been developed to monitor and track aspects
                 of the quality of our degree offerings. Particular
                 attention has been paid to ensuring that the important
                 facets which define or demonstrate quality are both
                 highlighted and managed easily.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Haberman:1999:DLM,
  author =       "Bruria Haberman and David Ginat",
  title =        "Distance learning model with local workshop sessions
                 applied to in-service teacher training",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "64--67",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305856",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper presents the development, implementation
                 and evaluation of a novel distance learning model
                 integrated with local workshop sessions. The model was
                 developed for a large-scale in-service teacher
                 training, and applied to introduce a new computer
                 science curriculum and its didactic approach. The model
                 evaluation showed a significant success, both in terms
                 of participants' attitudes, and the assimilation of the
                 subject matter and its didactic approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Arco:1999:QSE,
  author =       "J. M. Arco and B. Alarcos and A. M. Hell{\'\i}n and D.
                 Meziat",
  title =        "Quality of service over {Ethernet} for telelearning
                 applications",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "68--70",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305858",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The objective of this investigation is to implement a
                 technology that provides measurements of quality of
                 service (QoS) of established local area networks.
                 Improvements of the required infrastructure for
                 applications of telelearning (videoconference,
                 electronic blackboard, shared applications\ldots{}) are
                 implemented with a minimal cost. We are implementing
                 features of ATM on Ethernet local area networks,
                 through the protocol ``Cells In Frame'' (CIF). This
                 protocol encapsulates ATM cells in Ethernet frames
                 using CIF specification. Values of measured parameters
                 reveal that the implementation provides the ATM quality
                 of service necessary for telelearning traffic type.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Seffah:1999:AOO,
  author =       "Ahmed Seffah and Moncef Bari and Michel Desmarais",
  title =        "Assessing object-oriented technology skills using an
                 {Internet}-based system",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "71--74",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305861",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper, we describe a Web-based system that
                 defines training needs for object-oriented developers
                 by identifying the strong and the weak areas of their
                 knowledge and skills. The system is based on the use of
                 two tools, GAA [8] and UKAT [3], developed at the
                 Computer Research Institute of Montreal (CRIM). UKAT
                 (User Knowledge Assessment Tool) uses a
                 state-of-the-art knowledge assessment method to create
                 a user profile of the proficiency in a subject domain.
                 GAA (Intelligent Guide) is a Web-based training system
                 that uses the UKAT to personalize a training course and
                 facilitate self-learning.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chiu:1999:IPN,
  author =       "Chiung-Hui Chiu and Chun-Chieh Huang and Wen-Tsung
                 Chang and Tsung-Ho Liang",
  title =        "Interaction processes in network supported
                 collaborative concept mapping",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "75--78",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305863",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This study investigated group interaction processes in
                 network supported collaborative concept mapping, and
                 the influence of these group interaction processes upon
                 the group concept mapping performance. A total of 36
                 in-service teachers and pre-service student teachers
                 engaged in this study. It was found that group concept
                 mapping performance was significantly correlated to the
                 quantity of group interaction, particularly high-level
                 interaction processes. Suggestions for a further
                 improvement in the system design to support
                 collaborative concept mapping are also provided in this
                 paper.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Levin:1999:UST,
  author =       "Martin H. Levin",
  title =        "Use of a soundcard in teaching audio frequency and
                 analog modem communications",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "79--83",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305868",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Sound cards have become standard features of personal
                 computers in the home, office and classroom. This paper
                 demonstrates the usefulness of these inexpensive
                 devices in the teaching of some of the basic and not so
                 basic concepts of communications. These devices can be
                 very effective in the explanation of amplitude,
                 frequency and frequency multiplexed circuits, as well
                 as modem handshake standards.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ellis:1999:CSD,
  author =       "Ainslie Ellis and Dianne Hagan and Judy Sheard and
                 Jason Lowder and Wendy Doube and Angela Carbone and
                 John Robinson and Sylvia Tucker",
  title =        "A collaborative strategy for developing shared {Java}
                 teaching resources to support first year programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "84--87",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305871",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses a strategy for developing shared
                 teaching resources to support Java programming subjects
                 taught using a variety of educational approaches
                 (lectures and tutorials, problem-based learning,
                 distance education) with differing computing focii
                 (computer science, commercial computing, network
                 computing).The strategy is a group process involving
                 six distinct stages: selecting the topic areas
                 considered integral to all subjects for which the
                 resources will be used; defining the details and
                 identifying areas / concepts of a topic; determining
                 basic, intermediate and advanced levels of information;
                 determining appropriate educational techniques that
                 support the desired learning objectives for the
                 concept; investigating existing resources and building
                 new resources, both with and without the use of
                 computer technology.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Scherz:1999:OPB,
  author =       "Zahava Scherz and Sarah Polak",
  title =        "An organizer for project-based learning and
                 instruction in computer science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "88--90",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305874",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The computer science (CS) educational community has
                 recently realized the potential of project-based
                 learning (PBL) in CS education. The new CS curriculum
                 for high school students in Israel consists of 3 to 5
                 courses --- one of which requires a final project
                 instead of the traditional final examination. PBL
                 demands many changes in students' learning habits and
                 requires new instructional methodology. This paper
                 presents the rational and objectives of a PBL organizer
                 that was specifically designed for a project oriented
                 logic programming high school course. The PBL organizer
                 gradually supports both students and teachers in
                 project development processes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ben-Ari:1999:DED,
  author =       "Mordechai Ben-Ari and Shawn Silverman",
  title =        "{DPLab}: an environment for distributed programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "91--94",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305875",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the software package DPLab which
                 implements an integrated GUI environment for developing
                 distributed programs. The environment includes a text
                 editor, a compiler, and a runtime system that
                 establishes communications between networked computers
                 and provides primitives for message passing between the
                 computers. The source language is Pascal extended with
                 these primitives and with constructs for concurrent
                 programming. The package is implemented in Java and
                 Swing for portability.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Trichina:1999:DIT,
  author =       "Elena Trichina",
  title =        "Didactic instructional tool for topics in computer
                 science",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "95--98",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305880",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We consider the design of computer-enhanced teaching
                 environment to be primarily a didactic task, and
                 concentrate on representation of a domain structure and
                 pedagogical view of the teaching process. At the core
                 of our tutoring environment for computability topics is
                 the ability of the system to engage students' previous
                 knowledge of programming in comprehension of abstract
                 concepts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{delaFuente:1999:TCA,
  author =       "Santiago Rodr{\'\i}guez de la Fuente and M. Isabel
                 Garc{\'\i}a Clemente and Rafael M{\'e}ndez Cavanillas",
  title =        "Teaching computer architecture with a new superscalar
                 processor emulator",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "99--102",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305881",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Current computers use several techniques to improve
                 performance such as cache memories, pipeline and
                 multiple instruction issue per cycle. Using a real
                 computer to teach these concepts is actually
                 impractical, because these computers are designed to be
                 programmed in high-level languages. In order to solve
                 this problem, we have implemented a superscalar
                 processor emulator, where most of the processor and
                 cache parameters can be defined by the student. Its
                 objective is to create a set of laboratory works
                 allowing the student to observe how the different
                 components of the computer evolve while executing an
                 assembler program. It allows detection of the different
                 kinds of cache misses and hazards as well as their
                 impact on performance. Then, the student can apply some
                 software techniques to reduce cache misses and to avoid
                 hazards.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Koldehofe:1999:DAV,
  author =       "Boris Koldehofe and Marina Papatriantafilou and
                 Philippas Tsigas",
  title =        "Distributed algorithms visualisation for educational
                 purposes",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "103--106",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305884",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present our work on building interactive continuous
                 visualisations of distributed algorithms for
                 educational purposes. The animations are comprised by a
                 set of visualisation windows. The visualisation windows
                 are designed so that they demonstrate (i) the different
                 behaviours of the algorithms while running in different
                 systems, (ii) the different behaviours that the
                 algorithms exhibit under different timing and workload
                 of the system (iii) the time and space complexities of
                 the algorithms and (iv) the ``key ideas'' of the
                 functionality of the algorithms. Visualisations have
                 been written for a set of lO algorithms that are taught
                 in a Distributed Algorithms advanced undergraduate
                 course.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Finkel:1999:WCA,
  author =       "David Finkel and Isabel F. Cruz",
  title =        "{Webware}: a course about the {Web}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "107--110",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305886",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Sophisticated applications and software development on
                 the Web demand an extensive and thorough understanding
                 of a variety of computer science disciplines, as well
                 as providing their own set of issues. Therefore, we
                 have created an advanced undergraduate computer science
                 course called Webware: Computational Technology for
                 Network Information Systems that builds upon and
                 extends knowledge previously gathered by the students.
                 We describe its contents, our teaching experience, and
                 address the challenges of teaching both the foundations
                 and current technological issues of Web programming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clear:1999:CLT,
  author =       "A. G. (Tony) Clear",
  title =        "A collaborative learning trial between {New Zealand}
                 and {Sweden} --- using {Lotus Notes Domino} in teaching
                 the concepts of {Human Computer Interaction}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "111--114",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305887",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper reports the results of a collaborative
                 learning exercise between students at Auckland
                 Institute of Technology and Uppsala University. The
                 exercise was conducted using both a Lotus Notes
                 Domino\™ collaborative database and electronic
                 mail to support students working in remote groups to
                 perform a common task. Issues concerning the logistics
                 of such an exercise, student participation and
                 evaluations of the process, ethical considerations and
                 the quality of the learning process are discussed. Some
                 conclusions are drawn concerning the value of Group
                 Ware technology to support this form of collaborative
                 learning, and suggestions are made for future
                 developments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yang:1999:PCS,
  author =       "Lan Yang and Zhiqiang Ding",
  title =        "Promoting computer software intellectual property
                 right in Computer Science Education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "115--118",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305888",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer software intellectual property right (IPR)
                 protection has become an important issue of universal
                 concern. This paper, based on a survey conducted in
                 five Chinese universities reveals the importance of
                 teaching the subject of computer software IPR to
                 computer science students. The paper discusses the
                 development of educational material that highlights the
                 technical, cultural, legal and regulatory, and business
                 factors related to computer software IPR. It also
                 proposes an educational program for enhancing IPR
                 protection, which can be incorporated into the
                 undergraduate and graduate curricula of computer
                 science.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Boyle:1999:UIC,
  author =       "Roger Boyle and Ann Roberts",
  title =        "The {University} in the inner city",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "119--122",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305889",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The traditional university often has a world class
                 reputation for teaching and research. Equally often it
                 is centrally sited in established cities through which
                 the winds of economic change have blown viciously,
                 leaving ivory towers surrounded by neighbourhoods of
                 underprivileged communities. Within these communities,
                 junior and high schools do their best to battle against
                 under-motivation and lack of expectation in the literal
                 shadow of elaborately resourced institutions populated
                 by secure and highly educated staff, teaching students
                 from more affluent backgrounds who look forward on
                 graduation to similar levels of security in employment.
                 For modest investment, we demonstrate that it is
                 possible to bridge the gap between these two
                 communities. An exercise which commenced as a tightly
                 funded service to a small number of inner-city schools
                 has grown to serve a larger number. Of more interest,
                 it has demonstrated the potential to be of direct
                 benefit to a range of students of the university in a
                 way that could not otherwise be provided.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bobkowska:1999:LEM,
  author =       "Anna Bobkowska",
  title =        "Laboratory experiment with the {3RolesPlaying}
                 method",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "123--126",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305890",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The paper addresses the problem of making experiments
                 for software engineering during laboratories. There is
                 a need for experimental investigations. If experiments
                 are performed in the lab together with training they
                 must also have high educational value. In the paper,
                 there is discussion about joining education and
                 research. Then summary of the 3RolesPlaying method
                 which satisfies goals of both of them is presented.
                 Results of an experiment that took place in the
                 Technical University of Gdansk, Poland in the summer
                 semester of 1997/98 are described, and verification of
                 the results value is made.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Stern:1999:SMC,
  author =       "Linda Stern and Harald S{\o}ndergaard and Lee Naish",
  title =        "A strategy for managing content complexity in
                 algorithm animation",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "127--130",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305891",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer animation is an excellent medium for
                 capturing the dynamic nature of data structure
                 manipulations, and can be used to advantage in the
                 teaching of algorithms and data structures. A major
                 educational issue is the necessity of providing a means
                 for the student to manage the complexity of the
                 material. We have addressed this issue in a multimedia
                 teaching tool called ``Algorithms in Action'' by
                 allowing students to view an algorithm at varying
                 levels of detail. Starting with a high level pseudocode
                 description of the algorithm, with accompanying high
                 level animation and textual explanation, students can
                 expand sections of the pseudocode to expose more
                 detail. Animation and explanation are controlled in a
                 coordinated fashion, becoming correspondingly more
                 detailed as the pseudocode is expanded. The tool also
                 supports {\tt dofferem}, pdes. corresponding to
                 different stages in the learning process. Student
                 feedback suggests that the availability of multiple
                 levels detail and the facility for the user to control
                 the level of detail being viewed is an effective way to
                 manage content complexity.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hewson:1999:MAS,
  author =       "John Hewson and Wendy Doube and Michael Calagaz",
  title =        "A multimedia animated simulation generator",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "131--134",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305893",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper shows how a multimedia multi-framed
                 simulation generator was developed. A technique of
                 recording a sequence of steps and playing them back as
                 an animation overcomes the major problems with the
                 synchronous mapping of components which execute
                 asynchronously and non-sequentially It also preserves
                 the integrity of instructional design. A simulation of
                 any executing program code segment can be produced in a
                 few hours using this generator. Four frames can
                 simultaneously display different representations of the
                 segment as text or graphical images. Users can step
                 through the simulation or have it run at variable
                 speed, and can change specified code statements to
                 increase learning potential. The Animated Simulation
                 Generator could be used for any frame-based animation
                 requiring complex sets of interrelated text and/or
                 graphical components.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Faltin:1999:DCA,
  author =       "Nils Faltin",
  title =        "Designing courseware on algorithms for active learning
                 with virtual board games",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "135--138",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305894",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We present a method for designing courseware on
                 algorithms for active learning with virtual board
                 games. Our goal is to build algorithm courseware that
                 integrates explanation with animation and makes the
                 student an active participant. We give hints for
                 structuring the material into sections and mixing
                 presentation with exercises. We present our ideas for a
                 new form of visual interactive exercise and a cardboard
                 game prototype with which we tested our ideas.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wolz:1999:SJPa,
  author =       "Ursula Wolz and Elliot Koffman",
  title =        "{simpleIO}: a {Java} package for novice interactive
                 and graphics programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "139--142",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305896",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes how to incorporate user
                 interactivity and graphics into a first course in
                 computer science. Problems and alternative solutions
                 are discussed. A Java package called simpleIO that we
                 developed is presented. It allows novice programmers to
                 build simple GUI -based programs while maintaining good
                 design principles. The package includes methods for
                 requesting data from the user including integers,
                 reals, string and Booleans. It also supports simple
                 menus, graphics displays and text file handling.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Heines:1999:ECW,
  author =       "Jesse M. Heines",
  title =        "Evaluating course {Web} sites and student
                 performance",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "143--146",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305898",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Erwin Boschmann [1] listed four major issues
                 pertaining to ``the infusion of technology in higher
                 education'' in a recent posting on The Technology
                 Source. His third issue is ,that ``there is little
                 existing research on learning.'' This paper addresses
                 that issue by analyzing a course web site now in its
                 fifth semester of operation and focusing squarely on
                 its effect on student learning. It discusses research
                 methods for evaluating the web site's effect on student
                 performance and statistical methods for identifying
                 performance trends. Data on multiple undergraduate
                 courses is presented, comparing student performance
                 before and after the web site was introduced.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hedman:1999:CDL,
  author =       "Anders Hedman",
  title =        "Creating digital libraries together-collaboration,
                 multimodality, and plurality",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "147--150",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305900",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Many have tried to answer the question of what a
                 digital library is and how such libraries should be
                 built. But, in a sense the question of how to construct
                 digital libraries as well defined entities is misguided
                 from the beginning. There are many approaches to
                 building digital libraries [7, 18, 4] and each approach
                 must be understood from within a context. Some contexts
                 such as information retrieval and digitizing of
                 existing materials have received much attention [12,
                 22, 18, 17], while other contexts have been more or
                 less ignored [19]. One such context is that of
                 networking from a higher level of abstraction [8, 11].
                 Since traditional libraries have long since existed in
                 elaborate and large-scale physical networks it is only
                 natural that we should see such structures mirrored in
                 the world of digital abstract networks. The Universal
                 Simulator [10] application builds on the idea that
                 research in digital libraries need not necessarily
                 focus on micro level infrastructures, but that we may
                 also find interesting possibilities on the macro level
                 of digital library infrastructures. Moreover, at such a
                 macro level we may find important new ways of
                 collaborating and building digital libraries in
                 educational settings.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lowder:1999:WBS,
  author =       "Jason Lowder and Dianne Hagan",
  title =        "{Web}-based student feedback to improve learning",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "151--154",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305902",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A Web-based anonymous feedback facility has been used
                 for three years to give students a voice and some
                 ownership of the subjects they are studying, and to
                 allow staff to make adjustments to the teaching program
                 in time to help the current student group. Improvements
                 have been made to the system, e.g., the ability for
                 students to identify themselves, extensions to staff
                 e-mail copies, discussion threads to delineate topic
                 areas, and automatic generation of statistics on usage.
                 These statistics show how the need for anonymity
                 decreases as the level of maturity of the students
                 increases. Other planned or recently added improvements
                 are described..",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Daly:1999:RIC,
  author =       "Charlie Daly",
  title =        "{RoboProf} and an introductory computer programming
                 course",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "155--158",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305904",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "RoboProf is an online teaching system. It is based on
                 WWW technology and can easily incorporate
                 WWW-compatible media such as graphics, audio and video.
                 It is structured as a self-paced course book: RoboProf
                 presents the student with information on a
                 closely-defined topic and then marks a set of exercises
                 covering that material. When the students results are
                 satisfactory, a new topic is introduced. The idea
                 behind RoboProf is to increase motivation by borrowing
                 ideas from certain games. These ideas include providing
                 a challenge, giving quick feedback, making progress
                 visible and encouraging experimentation. RoboProf was
                 used to teach an introductory computer programming
                 course. An introductory computer programming course
                 must cover two main areas, the computer model (syntax
                 and semantics of a programming language) and program
                 design. In this paper I show how RoboProf can be
                 effectively used to help teach the syntax and semantics
                 of a programming language.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{English:1999:BSC,
  author =       "John English",
  title =        "Building self-contained {Websites} on {CD-ROM}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "159--162",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305906",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The BURKS Project has for the past three years
                 produced non-profit CD-ROMs of resources for students
                 of Computer Science. Now in its third edition, BURKS is
                 a self-contained website which incorporates a
                 pre-installed web browser and which now spans a set of
                 two CD-ROMs. This paper describes the techniques used
                 to implement this product.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Deveaux:1999:SET,
  author =       "Daniel Deveaux and Regis Fleurquin and Patrice
                 Frison",
  title =        "Software engineering teaching: a ``Docware''
                 approach",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "163--166",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305907",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The software engineering teaching is a true challenge.
                 Indeed software engineering technology is only
                 justified for large projects or long-term applications
                 maintenance ; aspects impossible to show at the time of
                 introductory course. In order to circumvent these
                 difficulties, we propose a new approach of software
                 development teaching which we called ``Docware''. It is
                 a documentation centered process: the software product
                 is no longer regarded as a source file that is
                 documented afterwards, but as a set of documents whose
                 source file is one product among others. After having
                 specified our teaching objectives, we describe this
                 approach which uses new tools that we developed and
                 used for several years. A report of the use of this
                 approach concludes this paper.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Siegel:1999:WDF,
  author =       "Eric V. Siegel",
  title =        "Why do fools fall into infinite loops: singing to your
                 computer science class",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "167--170",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305909",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "One effective way to introduce a dose of humanity,
                 acknowledge the needs and struggles of CS1 students,
                 and appeal to a broader range of learning styles is to
                 present a computer science topic in an entertaining
                 manner, e.g., with some form of artistic performance.
                 In this paper, I describe three songs for CS1 that are
                 designed to help students surmount three of the most
                 difficult hurdles of that course. Empirical and
                 anecdotal results demonstrate that the songs help
                 students learn, and help them enjoy learning. These
                 songs are a case study in entertainment; all
                 instructors can find some way to entertain their class,
                 and recordings of the songs themselves are available on
                 the web for any instructor or student.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hadjerrouit:1999:CAO,
  author =       "Said Hadjerrouit",
  title =        "A constructivist approach to object-oriented design
                 and programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "171--174",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305910",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer science education is greatly affected by the
                 object-oriented approach. This can be seen in the
                 numerous new teachers being attracted to programming
                 languages such as Java. Learning the object-oriented
                 approach is however difficult for novice students,
                 mostly because it requires a new way of thinking about
                 computing and more depth to grasp. Thus, to promote the
                 object-oriented approach at the introductory level, a
                 re-examination of the teaching method is recommended.
                 This article describes a pedagogical framework rooted
                 in the constructivist epistemology for teaching
                 object-oriented design and programming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kopec:1999:HSD,
  author =       "Danny Kopec and Richard Close and Jim Aman",
  title =        "How should data structures and algorithms be taught",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "175--176",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305913",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Data Structures and Algorithms is clearly a very
                 important topic and course in the Computer Science
                 curriculum. It has been taught at several levels by a
                 number of approaches. Should the approach be
                 mathematical, theoretical and abstract or very concrete
                 and ``hands on''? Whichever method is used, the
                 ultimate goal is the same: enhancing student
                 comprehension. The panelists discuss three distinct and
                 well-defined approaches.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wrycza:1999:CDM,
  author =       "Stanis{\l}aw Wrycza and Thaddeus W. Usowicz and Andras
                 Gabor and Borut Verber",
  title =        "The challenges and directions of {MIS} curriculum
                 development in respect of transformation of business
                 requirements",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "177--178",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305916",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Effective use of information technology (IT), is
                 becoming one of the prime determinants of success of
                 business organization. However, rapid advances in IT
                 cause that knowledge and skills required by IS
                 professionals have to be changed continuously and
                 profoundly. In this environment, IS/IT skills can
                 become obsolete quite easily. The IS/IT jobs of
                 tomorrow will require the flexible updating of
                 knowledge, skills and abilities for effective
                 performance of changing tasks and duties.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Ackermann:1999:PSI,
  author =       "Ernest Ackermann",
  title =        "Poster session. {Internet} curriculum. two courses:
                 introductory and advanced",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "179--180",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305917",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "We describe two courses that deal with the Internet.
                 One is an introductory course with no prerequisites and
                 the other is more advanced and focuses on providing Web
                 services.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Armentrout:1999:TDJ,
  author =       "Anna Armentrout",
  title =        "A tool for designing {Java} programs with {UML}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "180",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305919",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This project intends to develop a simple UML (Unified
                 Modeling Language) tool in Java to be used by students
                 learning object-oriented design and Java programming.
                 Each student will be able to design a Java program by
                 filling in forms (use cases, CRC cards) and making
                 diagrams (use case diagrams, class diagrams and
                 sequence diagrams) in a number of views. When the
                 student enters information for any one of the views the
                 tool will update the equivalent information for the
                 other views. The tool will generate Java skeleton code
                 from information supplied by the student.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Cabeza:1999:CCS,
  author =       "M. Luisa C{\'o}rdoba Cabeza and M. Isabel Garc{\'\i}a
                 Clemente and M. Luz Rubio",
  title =        "{CacheSim}: a cache simulator for teaching memory
                 hierarchy behaviour",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "181",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305922",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{deCampos:1999:MRE,
  author =       "Geraldo Lino de Campos",
  title =        "Minimum requirements for effective distance teaching
                 systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "182",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305926",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The first practical video conferencing systems were
                 introduced at the Fourth World Telecommunications Forum
                 held in Geneva in 1983 [Eva95], but their use is still
                 rare. By comparison, the personal computer, introduce
                 about the same time, is now a commodity sold by the
                 millions. That is surprising, considering the cost and
                 time savings associated with teleconferencing and the
                 economy of scale achievable by teleteaching. This paper
                 presents the position that lack of quantity and quality
                 in the transmission process are responsible for the low
                 success.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dagdilelis:1999:DTO,
  author =       "V. Dagdilelis and M. Satratzemi",
  title =        "Didactics too, not only technology",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "183",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305929",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{English:1999:BP,
  author =       "John English",
  title =        "The {BURKS} project",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "184",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305930",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kosa:1999:BPW,
  author =       "Martha J. Kosa",
  title =        "Beginners program {Web} page builders and verifiers",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "185",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305931",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Kubilus:1999:MTD,
  author =       "Norbert J. Kubilus",
  title =        "Multi-team development project experience in a core
                 computer science curriculum",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "186",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305932",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper discusses our introducing a multi-team
                 development project into the third semester of an
                 undergraduate Computer Science core curriculum. One of
                 the goals of the third semester course has been to
                 provide student with practical experience in system
                 design and development. The multi-team development
                 project exposes students to the rigors of working
                 together to complete a specific component of a larger
                 system and to insure that all components integrate
                 properly. It also introduces them to project management
                 concepts such as project scheduling, maintaining team
                 journals, delivering written and oral team status
                 reports, and participating in project meetings.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Levin:1999:IDC,
  author =       "Martin H. Levin",
  title =        "The implementation of a data communications laboratory
                 in small to medium sized universities",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "187",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305933",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This poster describes techniques for establishing a
                 Data Communications Laboratory in the small to
                 mid-sized university. The experience for the poster was
                 gained in the building of a lab funded by a NSF-ILI
                 grant.. We provide a tactical approach to the lab and a
                 discussion of the physical environment and basic
                 equipment requirements. Special interest is devoted to
                 sources of assistance for equipment procurement, as
                 well as how to lower both hardware and software costs.
                 Included are the capabilities of the suggested lab for
                 teaching the major network operating systems. The
                 security aspects required by the laboratory are also
                 covered. The type of Data Communications Laboratory
                 described in the poster can be established with a
                 minimum of funds and using excess or donated equipment.
                 It will provide students some hands-on experience with
                 data communications and establish the lab as a reality
                 from which to expand to ever changing technologies. One
                 secret of success in this effort is to make the
                 establishment of a lab, a rallying point between the
                 Faculty, students and university's Instructional
                 Technology Department. Students should be involved in
                 all steps of the planning and installation. The
                 students involved with the project will be happy to be
                 taking part in an effort that will add an effective
                 hands-on approach to their data communications
                 courses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Miao:1999:CMI,
  author =       "Yongwu Miao and Hans-R{\"u}diger Pfister and Martin
                 Wessner",
  title =        "Combining the metaphors of an institute and of
                 networked computers for building collaborative learning
                 environments",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "188",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305934",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Parker:1999:CBI,
  author =       "Helen Parker and Mike Holcombe",
  title =        "Campus-based industrial software projects: risks and
                 rewards",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "189",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305935",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The involvement of commercial companies as clients in
                 software engineering project work adds a new dimension
                 to our students' education, developing the
                 communication, team-working and managerial skills
                 demanded by employers, [1]. Commercial collaboration
                 introduces risks into course work which, like the risks
                 in any commercial software project, must be controlled
                 if the outcomes for all parties are to count as a
                 success.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Polak:1999:TCC,
  author =       "Przemyslaw Polak",
  title =        "Teaching computer communication skills using case
                 study method",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "190",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305936",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Modern management activities involve extensive usage
                 of computer communication services. The poster
                 summarizes experience in teaching these skills on the
                 basis of case study method. Two scenarios of computer
                 game involving extensive usage of communication
                 software and implementation of group decision making
                 model are presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gerhardt-Powals:1999:DMC,
  author =       "Jill Gerhardt-Powals and Matthew H. Powals",
  title =        "The {Digital Millennium Copyright Act}: an
                 international assault on fair use?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "191",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305937",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Put:1999:SCS,
  author =       "Dariusz Put and Janusz Stal and Marek Zurowicz",
  title =        "The system of checking students' knowledge with the
                 use of wide area networks",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "192",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305938",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In the situation when computers, and primarily wide
                 area computer networks, are easily accessible, it is
                 possible to conduct examinations with no need for the
                 examinee and the examiner to be in the same place at
                 the same time. This paper suggests how to carry out
                 this postulate.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Put:1999:UIT,
  author =       "Dariusz Put and Janusz Stal and Marek Zurowicz",
  title =        "The use of the {Internet} in the teaching process",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "193",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305939",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The aim of this project is to present a teaching
                 method based on the HTTP protocol. The main goal of
                 this method is to aid the self-study process with the
                 use of interactive pages based on the HTTP protocol.
                 Such pages are generated for each student individually,
                 depending on his progress in internalising knowledge.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lomic:1999:DEC,
  author =       "Marijana Lomic and Zoran Putnik",
  title =        "On distance education courseware",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "194",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305940",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Multimedia, WWW and advanced technologies are bringing
                 changes in the field of education. Additional ways of
                 interaction between students, study material, and
                 teachers, are introduced. Development in technology and
                 their introduction into education, changed the
                 character and methods of it. A need exists for a
                 distance education and additional education at home.
                 With the cost of multimedia computers becoming lower,
                 while availability of educational CD-ROM's higher, a
                 proper inclusion of these into the curricula and
                 distance education is needed. Here, some strategies for
                 distance education software are being proposed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dee:1999:ACA,
  author =       "Hannah Dee and Peter Reffell",
  title =        "{ACOM} (``computing for all''): an integrated approach
                 to the teaching and learning of information
                 technology",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "195",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305941",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This poster describes the ACOM modules at Leeds
                 University, teaching IT skills to a very large and
                 diverse student body.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rossi:1999:KIB,
  author =       "Alfred J. Rossi",
  title =        "{KPPCDL}: an {Internet} based shared environment for
                 introductory programming education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "196",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305942",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Karel++ Collaborative Laboratory is an Internet
                 based educational tool, which facilitates the learning
                 of Object-Oriented programming techniques, by providing
                 a shared development environment for the building of
                 student programs written in the Karel++ language.
                 KPPCDL offers remote sharing of Karel++ program
                 elements, collaborative source code editing, textual
                 and graphical notification of both coarse and finely
                 grained remote updates, remote and local views of
                 developing program elements, updated views for late
                 comers, background source parsing, and real-time memo
                 sending. The system combines features of both
                 centralized and replicated architectures, and provides
                 for both synchronous and asynchronous collaboration.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Rugelj:1999:IAK,
  author =       "Joze Rugelj",
  title =        "Intelligent agent for knowledge tree administration",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "197",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305943",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Shannon:1999:SLP,
  author =       "Christine Shannon",
  title =        "A semester-long project in {CS} 2",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "198",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305944",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Two years ago, like many others, our Computer Science
                 program made the switch from Pascal to C++. As we had
                 in the past, we continued the practice of teaching some
                 principles of software engineering in the second
                 course. Because students were working primarily on
                 small projects, they were not seeing the need for the
                 design techniques I was presenting. I decided to devise
                 a semester-long project through which I could
                 illustrate not only the use of standard data structures
                 but also the need for employing principles of software
                 engineering.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Szejko:1999:EES,
  author =       "Stanis{\l}aw Szejko",
  title =        "An exercise in evaluating significance of software
                 quality criteria",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "199",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305945",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The paper presents an exercise in mapping user
                 requirements to software quality model in order to
                 disclose the product quality characteristics the
                 developer should take special care of. House of Quality
                 of the Quality Function Deployment method [1,2] has
                 been adapted for dealing with system requirements.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Taylor:1999:INE,
  author =       "Harriet G. Taylor",
  title =        "Implementing national educational technology standards
                 for student in the {United States}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "200",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305946",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A consortium of leading educational professional
                 organizations in the United States, led by the
                 International Society for Technology in Education has
                 developed a set of National Educational Technology
                 Standards (NETS) for students. The NETS standards
                 describe what all students should know about and be
                 able to do with technology. They are divided into six
                 categories [1]: Basic operations and concepts; Social,
                 ethical, and human issues; Technology productivity
                 tools; Technology communication tools; Technology
                 research tools; and Technology problem-solving and
                 decision-making tools. The NETS standards also include
                 performance indicators at each of four major target
                 grade ranges, PK-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-12. NETS standards
                 describe fundamental technology competencies to be
                 developed through meaningful learning experiences
                 integrated throughout the PreK-12 curriculum. They
                 provide realistic benchmarks for achievement. They also
                 provide a continuum of technology skills that can be
                 achieved through a curriculum that reinforces high
                 level learning and problem solving strategies in which
                 technology tools play a major role.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Taylor:1999:MLL,
  author =       "Harriet G. Taylor",
  title =        "Math link: linking curriculum, instructional
                 strategies, and technology to enhance teaching and
                 learning",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "201",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305948",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Math Link was a professional development project
                 involving Louisiana State University and the West
                 Feliciana Parish School District in the United States.
                 Math Link focused on teachers in grades three through
                 six in the entire district and included over ninety
                 percent of the teachers in the district. The teachers
                 participated in a three week summer workshop directed
                 by a professional staff that included two elementary
                 mathematics specialists, a technology specialist, a
                 mathematics specialist/site coordinator from the school
                 district, a mathematics education professor, and an
                 educational technology professor. During the summer,
                 the educators worked on four major components:
                 technology tools to support learning: mathematics
                 standards, instructional methodology, and assessment;
                 team building and collaboration; and instructional
                 models that they would implement. During the academic
                 year, a site coordinator provided instructional and
                 resource support for all the teachers. The site
                 coordinator also monitored progress and worked directly
                 with the university staff directing the project. Four
                 day-long workshops were also held during the school
                 year. During the following summer, the educators worked
                 at the university for two more weeks to formalize their
                 instructional models and curriculum and plan for the
                 future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Utting:1999:GDG,
  author =       "Ian Utting",
  title =        "Gathering and disseminating good practice at teaching
                 and learning conferences",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "202",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305949",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Madej:1999:IIS,
  author =       "Jan Madej and Tadeusz Wilusz",
  title =        "{IntraED} --- an intranet solution for {EDucation}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "203",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305951",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The IntraED concept has been developed in 1996 as a
                 solution for the problem of shortage of financial
                 resources for setting up necessary environment for
                 introducing the intranet technology into instructional
                 process at the Cracow University of Economics. The
                 developed system has been intensively tested since that
                 and supporting more courses every year. Therefore we
                 would like to share the IntraED system concept as well
                 as gained experience coming out from over two academic
                 years of tests with everybody interested in setting up
                 low cost intranet environment for educational
                 purposes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Skrzypek:1999:KVL,
  author =       "Jerzy Skrzypek and Tadeusz Wilusz",
  title =        "{KOMBIZ97} --- virtual lab experiment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "204",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305952",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "With the advent of easy available internet and
                 intranet technologies it became possible to redesign
                 concept of building highly valuable managerial skills
                 in real business problems solving using managerial
                 games and make it part of modern, very easy to use and
                 well equipped learning environment. The KOMBIZ97
                 experiment presented below is growing up every year
                 experiment on setting up such an environment and using
                 throughout more and more courses offered by the Cracow
                 Academy of Economics (CUE).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Young:1999:IPG,
  author =       "Alison Young and Donald Joyce",
  title =        "Innovation in post graduate computer science
                 education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "205",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305953",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This presentation will outline the progress to date of
                 the development of the Master of Computing degree
                 program, the courses developed, the philosophy behind
                 the development, the structure including the exit
                 qualification and the proposed delivery. It will also
                 outline the quality assurance process and the very
                 stringent accreditation process required before it is
                 approved for delivery.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Yang:1999:UJS,
  author =       "Andrew Yang and Yael Bachar",
  title =        "Using {Java} and the socket interface in teaching
                 client\slash server programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "206",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305955",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this poster, we present our experience developing
                 JAVA applets and applications to create a client/server
                 system on the world wide web, and show how the product
                 is used in upper-division computer science classes. The
                 set of programs consist of a client and a server. The
                 client program in the prototype is a JAVA applet that
                 is downloaded into the client machine and is executed
                 in a user's web browser using the local memory, CPU and
                 other resources. The server program in the prototype is
                 a JAVA application that runs on a web server all the
                 time. The client and the server programs use the socket
                 interface [ Comer\&Stevens 96] as the communication
                 protocol, and are able to transmit data back and forth
                 successfully over the internet. Figure 1 illustrates
                 how the client and the server communicate over the
                 socket interface. With the set of programs in place,
                 students in the upper-division computer science
                 classes, including software engineering, databases
                 systems, and distributed application development, are
                 able to build their own software for the course
                 projects, on top of the software prototypes. Revision
                 of a given set of JAVA programs proves to be a better
                 approach in learning client/server programming using
                 JAVA and sockets, compared to requiring students to
                 create JAVA programs from the scratch.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Young:1999:WWL,
  author =       "Stuart Young and Ross Dewstow and Mae McSporran",
  title =        "Who wants to learn online?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "207",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305957",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "A study of how different demographic groups find the
                 experience of flexible online learning. A first year
                 course in Internet \& Web Design is offered to a
                 diverse range of students in traditional and online
                 formats. We hope to draw conclusions about which groups
                 find online learning works for them.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Impagliazzo:1999:TVL,
  author =       "John Impagliazzo",
  title =        "Teaching very large instruction word architectures",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "208",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305958",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The VLIW model describes a philosophy whereby the
                 compiler organizes several nondependent machine
                 operations into the same instruction word. Some
                 features of this form of architecture are illustrated
                 and certain strategies on presenting this topic to
                 students are shown.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gifford:1999:VWB,
  author =       "Atticus Gifford and Benjamin J. Menasha and David
                 Finkel",
  title =        "The visible {Web} browser",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "209",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305959",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "As an aid to the study of the World-Wide Web, we have
                 developed a software application that allows a user to
                 observe the messages passed between a Web browser and a
                 Web server. The application is based on the Mozilla Web
                 Browser, and displays the HTTP headers sent and
                 received by the browser. The program could be used by
                 students in courses studying the Web, by researchers
                 interested in the behavior of Web servers, and by
                 developers to debug Web-based applications.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mutchler:1999:CCL,
  author =       "David Mutchler and Claude Anderson and Andrew Kinley
                 and Cary Laxer and Dale Oexmann and Rimli Sengupta and
                 Frank H. Young",
  title =        "{CS} 1 closed laboratories = multimedia materials +
                 human interaction",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "210",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305960",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Power:1999:DLD,
  author =       "Chris Power",
  title =        "Designer --- a logic diagram design tool",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "211",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305962",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Designer is a software tool that helps the program
                 developer lay out structure diagrams. Structure
                 diagramming is a structured design technique commonly
                 taught in New Zealand polytechnics. Diagrams can be
                 written for overall logic flow or detailed design.
                 Unlike a flow chart, a structure diagram can always be
                 directly translated to the control structures of a
                 structured programming language. The basic diagram
                 symbols are process boxes, decisions, loops,
                 input-output boxes and procedure calls.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Wolz:1999:SJPb,
  author =       "Ursula Wolz and Elliot Koffman",
  title =        "{simpleIO}: a {Java} package for novice interactive
                 and graphics programming",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "212",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/384267.305963",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:39 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Klein:1999:MSC,
  author =       "Bruce J. Klein",
  title =        "Message from the {SIGCSE} chair",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "2--2",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349529",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Roberts:1999:CSC,
  author =       "Eric Roberts",
  title =        "Conserving the seed corn: reflections on the academic
                 hiring crisis",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "4--9",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349363",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Computer science departments today face a serious
                 staffing crisis, as faculty and graduate students
                 abandon academia for industry while undergraduate
                 enrollments rise. The current crisis is similar to one
                 that occurred in the early 1980s, which gives us the
                 opportunity to learn from that experience. This article
                 reviews the history of the earlier crisis and proposes
                 strategies for mitigating the effects of the current
                 one.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Martin:1999:ARAb,
  author =       "C. Dianne Martin",
  title =        "From awareness to responsible action (part 2):
                 developing a curriculum with progressive integration of
                 ethics and social impact",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "10--12",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349366",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gotterbarn:1999:ICE,
  author =       "Don Gotterbarn",
  title =        "Integration of computer ethics into the {CS}
                 curriculum: attachment or synthesis",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "13--14",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349368",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Impact CS project, described in Dianne Martin's
                 current and previous SIGCSE column, addresses
                 Curriculum 91's mandate ``to include the social and
                 ethical implications of computing'' in the curriculum.
                 I have two concerns with this mandate. The mandate
                 leaves open how to include the material and exactly
                 what material to include to satisfy the mandate. For
                 the past ten years the discussion about how to include
                 the material has repeatedly focused on three methods of
                 inclusion: have a separate course---taught by
                 philosophy or CS, have a capstone project course, or
                 integrate ethics into several of the CS courses. Since
                 the initial mandate, the discussion of what to include
                 has broadened to include the professional
                 responsibilities of the computing practitioner. This
                 broadening of the subject matter has contributed to
                 favoring the integration approach as a method of
                 inclusion. An approach which (ten years ago) has been
                 empirically proven to be the most effective way to
                 teach ethics. It may seem that we now have a clear path
                 and Impact CS Report 3 provides us with the theoretical
                 underpinnings to ``integrate'' computer ethics into the
                 curriculum. But I think we still have one further issue
                 to clear up. Material can be ``integrated'' into a
                 course simply by adding another reading. We can attach
                 the material to a course and treat it much the way
                 ethics was treated in Curriculum 91, as an appendage to
                 the real CS curriculum. The material could be
                 ``integrated'' into the course in another way. We could
                 show the unity of professional, social, and ethical
                 issues with computer science. If professional, social,
                 and ethical concerns are simply treated as an
                 appendage, then teachers will leave these discussion
                 for the last day of class (if there is time left).
                 Teachers will feel that there is no time to include
                 these issues in their classes; students will believe
                 that ethics is included only to minimally meet the
                 requirements of CSAB accreditation and they will not
                 have a clear understanding of their professional
                 responsibilities. On the other hand, we could teach
                 professionalism and ethics as a part of computer
                 science. Good computer science is a combination of the
                 application of technical skill guided by professional
                 responsibility. For example, we could demonstrate that
                 doing good software design involves designing the
                 software in an ethically sensitive way. I am concerned
                 that, because of the use of terms like ``units'' and
                 ``stages'' in Impact CS Report 3, some may interpret it
                 as advocating ``attaching'' ethics units to courses,
                 attaching units that are neatly separable from computer
                 science. The material discussed in the ``units'' and
                 ``stages'' of Report 3 can be synthesized with the CS
                 curriculum in some fairly straightforward ways. In what
                 follows I will summarize some of those ways and
                 indicate some of useful resources to help you
                 ``demonstrate that ethical computer science is computer
                 science.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Lee:1999:FCE,
  author =       "John A. N. Lee",
  title =        "The first computer --- an ethical concern",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "15--16",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349371",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Clear:1999:OEI,
  author =       "Tony Clear",
  title =        "Online education --- but is it education?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "17--18",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349374",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gorgone:1999:AMN,
  author =       "John T. Gorgone",
  title =        "Approaching {MSIS} 2000: a new-fashioned graduate
                 model",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "19--20",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349376",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This column describes the background and process in
                 creating a new graduate IS curriculum model and
                 guidelines for the 21st Century. It also presents an
                 overview of the MSIS program and the curriculum
                 architecture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dale:1999:RPR,
  author =       "Nell Dale",
  title =        "Reflections on past research",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "20--22",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349378",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Hartman:1999:PUN,
  author =       "Janet Hartman",
  title =        "Program updates from the national science foundation
                 division of undergraduate education",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "22--23",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349379",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{McCauley:1999:RTT,
  author =       "Ren{\'e}e McCauley",
  title =        "A road trip through online resources for introductory
                 computer science courses",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "24--25",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349380",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1999:PGC,
  author =       "Deborah L. Knox",
  title =        "Planned growth for the {CSTC}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "25--26",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349381",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Walker:1999:GRS,
  author =       "Henry M. Walker",
  title =        "Guided reading and seminar classes",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "27--28",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349382",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Gersting:1999:SM,
  author =       "Judith L. Gersting and Frank H. Young",
  title =        "Student mentors",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "28--29",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349383",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Davies:1999:THE,
  author =       "Gordon Davies and Brian J. Garner",
  title =        "Telematics helpdesk for external students of computing
                 at {Deakin University}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "29--31",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349385",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Klee:1999:RAA,
  author =       "Karl J. Klee",
  title =        "Recent activities of the {ACM} two-year college
                 education committee",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "31--31",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349386",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Johann:1999:FTH,
  author =       "Patricia Johann",
  title =        "A funny thing happened on the way to the formula:
                 demonstrating equality of functions and programs",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "32--34",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349387",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The concept of a function is arguably one of the most
                 fundamental in computer science. It is frequently also
                 one of the most problematic. In particular, students
                 often have difficulty inferring, in a mathematically
                 well-supported manner, equality of functions from
                 equality of function values. That is, the transitions
                 they make from demonstrations of equality of values of
                 functions to demonstrations of equality of those
                 functions themselves are often not well reasoned. In
                 this complementary paper to [GK97] we describe one line
                 of reasoning which we have found helps elucidate the
                 mathematical principles according to which such
                 inferences can correctly be made.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Marion:1999:CWS,
  author =       "William Marion",
  title =        "{CS1}: what should we be teaching?",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "35--38",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349388",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "At the 1998 SIGCSE Technical Symposium a paper,
                 entitled ``Providing Intellectual Focus to CS1/CS2,''
                 was presented in which the authors argued for a more
                 intellectually-focused approach to the first-year
                 sequence in an undergraduate computer science program.
                 The central intellectual role in CS1 and CS2 should be:
                 ``The study and application of languages and methods
                 for making precise and understandable descriptions of
                 software for human beings and the approach is built
                 around the concepts of systems thinking and
                 mathematical modeling as these principles are
                 manifested in a component-based software paradigm''
                 [12]. Following up on these ideas, the author of the
                 current paper stakes out a particular position
                 concerning one of the two courses, the CS1 course: no
                 matter which software methodology is developed, no
                 matter under which paradigm ideas are presented, no
                 matter which programming language is used there are
                 certain fundamental concepts that ought to be
                 introduced in a first course in a computer science
                 major. Toward this end the author raises and addresses
                 three questions, articulates some goals that are based
                 on answers to the questions and describes the
                 fundamental concepts. In addition, the author indicates
                 how these concepts can be developed in CS 1
                 irrespective of the methodology, paradigm and language
                 presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Dale:1999:DTU,
  author =       "Nell B. Dale",
  title =        "Distance teaching at {Uppsala}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "39--41",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349391",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This is not a research paper about distance learning
                 or teaching, but rather a chronicle of the author's
                 two-month visit to a department in another country
                 where she taught a course similar to CS2 as a distance
                 learning course. Hence, the title.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Barr:1999:ENP,
  author =       "Matthew Barr and Sam Holden and Dave Phillips and Tony
                 Greening",
  title =        "An exploration of novice programming errors in an
                 object-oriented environment",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "42--46",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349392",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "When studying a programming language for the first
                 time, the majority of student errors fall into broad
                 (and well-documented) categories [3]. This paper aims
                 to investigate errors made by first year students in
                 Blue: A new, object-oriented language specifically
                 designed at the University of Sydney for teaching
                 novice students [2].These errors were investigated by a
                 survey delivered over the World-Wide Web and consisting
                 of multiple choice and free-form short-answer
                 questions. The results of the survey suggest that a
                 student who learns with Blue is no more likely to make
                 errors that are commonly made by novice programmers,
                 although is not necessarily better equipped to design
                 and write code in an object-oriented paradigm. More
                 research is indicated to make statements about the
                 latter.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{CastroG:1999:MNT,
  author =       "Fernando {Castro G.}",
  title =        "More on the nine-tails problem",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "47--47",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349393",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Guimaraes:1999:ETI,
  author =       "Mario A. M. Guimaraes",
  title =        "Experience teaching an introduction to {DBMS}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "48--49",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349395",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the methodology used to teach an
                 introductory Database Management System course.
                 Although all content description refers exclusively to
                 this class, the methodology can be used to teach other
                 computer science courses. There are several unique
                 aspects of the course. Students do a preliminary
                 presentation and a final presentation of their
                 projects. During the preliminary presentation, they
                 perform the role of the client (inversion of roles);
                 while during the final presentation, the class performs
                 the role of the client and students evaluate their
                 colleagues.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Koshelev:1999:EAM,
  author =       "Misha Koshelev and Vladik Kreinovich and Luc
                 Longpr{\'e}",
  title =        "Encryption algorithms made natural",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "50--51",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349396",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Modern cryptographic algorithms such as DES, IDEA are
                 very complex and therefore difficult to learn.
                 Textbooks explain in detail how these algorithms work,
                 but they usually do not explain why these algorithms
                 were designed as they were. In this paper, we explain
                 the why, which hopefully will make cryptographic
                 algorithms easier to learn.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Blum:1999:ADL,
  author =       "Howard Blum and David Sachs",
  title =        "An asynchronous distance-learning course in data
                 communications and networks",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "52--55",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349397",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "This paper describes the concept of an asynchronous
                 distance-learning course and its application to an
                 elective course, Data Communications and Networks.
                 Goals for the asynchronous course included providing
                 facilities and opportunities for interaction and
                 exchange of ideas among class members, analogous to the
                 interactions which occur in a conventional class.
                 Implemented as a Web-based course, a discussion board
                 and email were heavily used to support class
                 interactions. Some experiences with the initial
                 Web-based offering of the course are described.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Bock:1999:ICS,
  author =       "Douglas B. Bock and Robert W. Klepper and John F.
                 Schrage and G. Gregory Stephen and Bernard Waxman",
  title =        "Integrating computer science and information systems",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "56--60",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349399",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The Master of Science, major in Computing and
                 Information Systems (CIS) is a graduate program offered
                 jointly by the graduate faculties of the Department of
                 Computer Science in the School of Engineering and the
                 Department of Computer Management and Information
                 Systems in the School of Business. We describe the
                 nature of the program and emphasizes the advantages of
                 a joint degree program that spans academic units. We
                 also touch on problems that may be encountered and how
                 they can be overcome. The successes realized and
                 situations encountered by this merger may benefit other
                 institutions that face similar resource constraints.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Perry:1999:HF,
  author =       "Nigel Perry",
  title =        "The humble fraction",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "61--65",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349400",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "In this paper we examine how trends in programming
                 methodology support the definition of value types. We
                 ask the question have we really advanced in the move
                 from traditional to OO methodologies, have we produced
                 square wheels, or have we just changed terminology? We
                 ask this to determine what we should be teaching our
                 students. The work was motivated by a concern that
                 students, through what is, or is not, taught, are
                 missing or rejecting the lessons of history and
                 producing poorer designs because of this.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Mukundan:1999:TCG,
  author =       "R. Mukundan",
  title =        "Teaching computer graphics using {Java}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "66--69",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349401",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Java provides most of the primitive functions
                 necessary for implementing advanced graphics
                 algorithms. Being a language that is highly portable
                 and concurrent, Java also has all the capabilities of a
                 powerful general purpose programming language suitable
                 for a wide range of graphics applications. This paper
                 addresses the main issues pertaining to teaching
                 theoretical computer graphics courses, using Java as
                 the language for implementation and project
                 development. The paper also gives a framework of Java
                 classes that can cater to the modeling of
                 three-dimensional objects, transformations, and
                 rendering algorithms.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Chang:1999:CBF,
  author =       "Carl Chang and Gerald Engel and Willis King and Eric
                 Roberts and Russ Shackelford and Robert H. Sloan and
                 Pradip K. Srimani",
  title =        "Curriculum 2001: bringing the future to the
                 classroom",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "70--73",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.349403",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The discipline of computing encompasses the
                 understanding, design, and use of computers and
                 computational processes. The breadth of the discipline
                 is emphasized in the following quotation from a report
                 issued by the Computing Sciences Accreditation Board.
                 [1]The discipline ranges from theoretical studies of
                 algorithms and computability to practical problems of
                 implementations in terms of computational hardware and
                 software. Thus, the discipline spans both advancing the
                 fundamental understanding of algorithms and information
                 processes in general as well as the practical design of
                 efficient reliable software and hardware to meet given
                 specification[s] \ldots{}. [I]t includes theoretical
                 studies, experimental methods and engineering design in
                 all disciplines. Computing draws on the methodologies
                 of both science and engineering. Theoretical work has
                 done much to advance the state of the art. At the same
                 time, computing does not separate the discovery of new
                 scientific knowledge from the application of that
                 knowledge to solve practical problems. The intimate
                 relationship between theory and practice endows the
                 discipline with much of its strength and vitality. This
                 same connection between theory and practice, however,
                 also means that the body of knowledge associated with
                 computing changes very quickly as technology evolves.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Aiken:1999:SAN,
  author =       "Robert M. Aiken",
  title =        "A Skeptic Assesses the {Net} as a Resource for
                 Teaching",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "79--82",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.571914",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The purpose of the talk (and this paper) is to explore
                 the advantages and disadvantages of providing courses,
                 programs and degrees using On-Line Learning (OLL). It
                 is the author's thesis that, yes, OLL does provide new
                 opportunities for the delivery of education. However,
                 we need to be very careful as to how we use this medium
                 in order not to ``reshape'' courses which are more
                 effectively taught in other (possibly more traditional)
                 ways nor to embrace this mode of delivery simply for
                 perceived economic gains. The rush of higher education
                 institutions to place courses and programs on the
                 Internet for distance education students raises some
                 very interesting questions concerning their quality and
                 value. The initial development of courses for online
                 learning has been based on text based delivery --- for
                 the most part using traditional lecture notes. The
                 rapid sophistication brought about by html programming,
                 advanced browsers, and template authorware on the one
                 hand, and more sophisticated and powerful hardware and
                 multimedia devices on the other, have permitted great
                 strides in resource integration. Yet, for all of these
                 technological advances, a number of problems still
                 exist. The rest of this paper will explore some of
                 these problems and offer some suggestions for solving
                 them..",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Knox:1999:PRP,
  author =       "Deborah Knox and Sally Fincher and Nell Dale and
                 Elizabeth Adams and Don Goelman and James Hightower and
                 Ken Loose and Fred Springsteel",
  title =        "The Peer Review Process of Teaching Materials: Report
                 of the {ITiCSE'99 Working Group on Validation of the
                 Quality of Teaching Materials}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "87--100",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.571915",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Techreports/UKent.bib;
                 http://www.cs.kent.ac.uk/pubs/1999/962",
  abstract =     "When an instructor adopts teaching materials, he/she
                 wants some measure of confidence that the resource is
                 effective, correct, and robust. The measurement of the
                 quality of a resource is an open problem. It is our
                 thesis that the traditional evaluative approach to peer
                 review is not appropriate to insure the quality of
                 teaching materials, which are created with different
                 contextual constraints. This Working Group report
                 focuses on the evaluation process by detailing a
                 variety of review models. The evolution of the
                 development and review of teaching materials is
                 outlined and the contexts for creation, assessment, and
                 transfer are discussed. We present an empirical study
                 of evaluation forms conducted at the ITiCSE 99
                 conference, and recommend at least one new review model
                 for the validation of the quality of teaching
                 resources.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  submission-id = "26200_949424067",
}

@Article{Bergin:1999:RNG,
  author =       "Joseph Bergin and Amruth Kumar and Viera K. Proulx and
                 Myles McNally and Alyce Faulstich Brady and David
                 Mutchler and Stephen Hartley and Richard Rasala and
                 Charles Kelemen and Rocky Ross and Frank Klassner",
  title =        "Resources for Next Generation Introductory {CS}
                 Courses: Report of the {ITiCSE'99 Working Group on
                 Resources for the Next Generation CS 1 Course}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "101--105",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.571916",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The ongoing purpose of this working group is to
                 collect, evaluate, and foster the development of
                 resources that might be used in next generation
                 introductory CS courses. Such courses will integrate
                 elements of object-oriented programming and design,
                 program design patterns, concurrency, and event-driven
                 programming. The product of the working group is a web
                 repository that provides resources that might be used
                 in such a course. The site will include sample syllabi,
                 pedagogical patterns, programming and design patterns,
                 course modules, projects, tools and techniques. The URL
                 for the web site is: http://csis.pace.edu/
                 ~bergin/iticse99/",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Little:1999:IPW,
  author =       "Joyce Currie Little and Mary J. Granger and Roger
                 Boyle and Jill Gerhardt-Powals and John Impagliazzo and
                 Carol Janik and Norbert J. Kubilus and Susan K. Lippert
                 and W. Michael McCracken and Grazyna Paliwoda and Piotr
                 Soja",
  title =        "Integrating Professionalism and Workplace: Issues into
                 the Computing and Information Technology Curriculum:
                 Report of the {ITiCSE'99, Working Group on
                 Professionalism}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "106--120",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.571917",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "Educators in computing and information technology
                 (CIT) suggest a need for graduates going into the
                 workplace to have a better understanding of
                 professionalism and workplace issues. It is not enough
                 for graduates to have technical capabilities. They must
                 understand many aspects of CIT as a discipline. They
                 should be aware of the various types of CIT educational
                 programs, different job titles and functions, and some
                 aspects of the employment supply and demand. They
                 should be aware of the need for each computing worker
                 to have professional responsibility for their work, and
                 an awareness of the importance of appropriate ethical
                 behavior in the group. They must also have an awareness
                 of the impact of information technology on society as a
                 whole and on individuals, and be prepared to handle a
                 variety of issues arising in the workplace. This paper
                 provides a rationale for the inclusion of
                 professionalism in the CIT curriculum. It focuses on
                 the responsibilities of CIT instructors and provides
                 material to assist carrying out this obligation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Faahraeus:1999:TEC,
  author =       "Eva R. F{\aa}hr{\ae}us and Noel Bridgeman and Joze
                 Rugelj and Barbara Chamberlain and Ursula Fuller",
  title =        "Teaching with Electronic Collaborative Learning
                 Groups: Report of the {ITiCSE'99 Working Group on
                 Creative Teaching of Electronic Collaborative Learning
                 Groups}",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "121--128",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.1145/349522.571918",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 16:56:41 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://portal.acm.org/;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  abstract =     "The integration of technology and collaborative groups
                 has seen the development of electronic collaborative
                 learning groups. Technology supports collaborative
                 learning by allowing collaboration between distributed
                 participants replacing face-to-face meetings.
                 Technology also provides access to supporting tools and
                 methods such as libraries, chat-rooms, and meeting
                 protocols. One major benefit of using electronic
                 collaborative learning groups is the ability to provide
                 for the uniqueness of each student in a group. However,
                 managing electronic collaborative learning groups is
                 not simple, and the role of the teacher changes from
                 knowledge provider to facilitator. This has
                 implications for the amount of technical support that
                 the teacher may require.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
}

@Article{Fahraeus:1999:TEC,
  author =       "E. R. Fahraeus and B. Chamberlain and V. Baykov and N.
                 Bridgeman and R. Dumbraveanu and U. Fuller and J.
                 Rugeli",
  title =        "Teaching with Electronic Collaborative Learning
                 Groups",
  journal =      j-SIGCSE,
  volume =       "31",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "121--128",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 10:29:15 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  URL =          "ftp://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/mirrors/ftp.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Techreports/UKent.bib;
                 http://www.cs.kent.ac.uk/pubs/1999/1013",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  fjournal =     "SIGCSE Bulletin (ACM Special Interest Group on
                 Computer Science Education)",
  journal-URL =  "http://portal.acm.org/browse_dl.cfm?idx=J688",
  keywords =     "Pedagogy Computer Science Education Computer Supported
                 Collaborative Work",
  submission-id = "424_954241514",
}

%%% ====================================================================
%%% Cross-referenced entries must come last; entries are sorted by
%%% year, and then by citation label, with `bibsort -byyear':
@Proceedings{Austing:1990:PST,
  editor =       "Richard H. Austing and Lillian N. Cassel and James E.
                 Miller and Daniel T. Joyce",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 21st SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1990, Washington, DC, USA,
                 1990}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 21st SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1990, Washington, DC, USA,
                 1990}",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  year =         "1990",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-346-9",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-346-1",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1990.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Dale:1991:PST,
  editor =       "Nell B. Dale",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 22nd SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1991, San Antonio, Texas,
                 USA, March 7--8, 1991}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 22nd SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1991, San Antonio, Texas,
                 USA, March 7--8, 1991}",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  year =         "1991",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-377-9",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-377-5",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1991.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Dale:1992:PST,
  editor =       "Nell B. Dale",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 23rd SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1992, Kansas City,
                 Missouri, USA, March 5--6, 1992}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 23rd SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1992, Kansas City,
                 Missouri, USA, March 5--6, 1992}",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  year =         "1992",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-468-6",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-468-0",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1992.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Klein:1993:PST,
  editor =       "Bruce J. Klein and Cary Laxer and Frank H. Young",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 24th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1993, Indianapolis,
                 Indiana, USA, February 18--19, 1993}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 24th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1993, Indianapolis,
                 Indiana, USA, February 18--19, 1993}",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  year =         "1993",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-565-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-565-6",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1993.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Beck:1994:PST,
  editor =       "Robert Beck and Don Goelman",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 25th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1994, Phoenix, Arizona,
                 USA, March 10--12, 1994}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 25th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1994, Phoenix, Arizona,
                 USA, March 10--12, 1994}",
  volume =       "26(1)",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  pages =        "xxii + 414",
  year =         "1994",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-646-8",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-646-2",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1994.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Laxer:1995:PST,
  editor =       "Cary Laxer and Curt M. White and James E. Miller and
                 Judith L. Gersting",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 26th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1995, Nashville, Tennessee,
                 USA, March 2--4, 1995}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 26th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1995, Nashville, Tennessee,
                 USA, March 2--4, 1995}",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  year =         "1995",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-693-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-693-6",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1995.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Fekete:1996:PAS,
  editor =       "Alan Fekete and John Rosenberg",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the ACM SIGCSE 1st Australasian
                 Conference on Computer Science Education, ACSE 1996,
                 Sydney, NSW, Australia, July 1996}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the ACM SIGCSE 1st Australasian
                 Conference on Computer Science Education, ACSE 1996,
                 Sydney, NSW, Australia, July 1996}",
  volume =       "1",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-845-2",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-845-9",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/acse/acse1996.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Impagliazzo:1996:PST,
  editor =       "John Impagliazzo and Elizabeth S. Adams and Karl J.
                 Klee",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 27th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1996, Philadelphia,
                 Pennsylvania, USA, February 15--17, 1996}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 27th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1996, Philadelphia,
                 Pennsylvania, USA, February 15--17, 1996}",
  volume =       "28(1)",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  pages =        "xxxii + 441",
  year =         "1996",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-757-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-757-5",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  LCCN =         "QA1 .A86",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1996.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Sondergaard:1997:PAS,
  editor =       "Harald S{\o}ndergaard and A. John Hurst",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the ACM SIGCSE 2nd Australasian
                 Conference on Computer Science Education, ACSE 1997,
                 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 1997}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the ACM SIGCSE 2nd Australasian
                 Conference on Computer Science Education, ACSE 1997,
                 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 1997}",
  volume =       "2",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-958-0",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-958-6",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/acse/acse1997.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{White:1997:PST,
  editor =       "Curt M. White and Carl Erickson and Bruce J. Klein and
                 James E. Miller",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 28th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1997, San Jose, California,
                 USA, February 27 --- March 1, 1997}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 28th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1997, San Jose, California,
                 USA, February 27 --- March 1, 1997}",
  volume =       "29(1)",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  pages =        "xxi + 404",
  year =         "1997",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-889-4",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-889-3",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1997.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{ACM:1998:PST,
  editor =       "ACM",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 29th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education (SIGCSE-98), 25 February--1
                 March 1998, Atlanta, GA, USA}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 29th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education (SIGCSE-98), 25 February--1
                 March 1998, Atlanta, GA, USA}",
  volume =       "30(1)",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 10:29:15 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Carrington:1998:PAS,
  editor =       "David A. Carrington",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the ACM SIGCSE 3rd Australasian
                 Conference on Computer Science Education, ACSE 1998,
                 The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland,
                 Australia, July 8--10, 1998}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the ACM SIGCSE 3rd Australasian
                 Conference on Computer Science Education, ACSE 1998,
                 The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland,
                 Australia, July 8--10, 1998}",
  volume =       "3",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "1-58113-018-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-1-58113-018-8",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/acse/acse1998.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Lewis:1998:PST,
  editor =       "John Lewis and Jane Prey and Daniel T. Joyce and John
                 Impagliazzo",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 29th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1998, Atlanta, Georgia,
                 USA, February 26--March 1, 1998}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 29th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1998, Atlanta, Georgia,
                 USA, February 26--March 1, 1998}",
  volume =       "30(1)",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  pages =        "xx + 396",
  year =         "1998",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "0-89791-994-7",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-89791-994-4",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1998.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Impagliazzo:1999:PAS,
  editor =       "John Impagliazzo",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 4th Annual SIGCSE/SIGCUE
                 Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer
                 Science Education (ITICSE-99), 27-June--1-July 1999,
                 Cracow, Poland}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 4th Annual SIGCSE/SIGCUE
                 Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer
                 Science Education (ITICSE-99), 27-June--1-July 1999,
                 Cracow, Poland}",
  volume =       "31(3)",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 10:29:15 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}

@Proceedings{Joyce:1999:PTS,
  editor =       "Daniel T. Joyce and John Lewis and Jane Prey",
  booktitle =    "{The proceedings of the Thirtieth SIGCSE Technical
                 Symposium on Computer Science Education: March 24-March
                 28, 1999, New Orleans, Louisiana}",
  title =        "{The proceedings of the Thirtieth SIGCSE Technical
                 Symposium on Computer Science Education: March 24-March
                 28, 1999, New Orleans, Louisiana}",
  volume =       "31(1)",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  pages =        "xix + 383",
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  LCCN =         "QA76.27 .A34 1999",
  bibdate =      "Mon Nov 19 05:50:40 MST 2012",
  bibsource =    "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib;
                 z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  remark =       "ACM order number 457990. Edited by Daniel Joyce.
                 Symposium chair Jane Prey. Program chair Bob Noonan.",
  subject =      "Computers; Study and teaching; Congresses",
}

@Proceedings{Prey:1999:PST,
  editor =       "Jane Prey and Robert E. Noonan",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of the 30th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1999, New Orleans,
                 Louisiana, USA, March 14--28, 1999}",
  title =        "{Proceedings of the 30th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on
                 Computer Science Education, 1999, New Orleans,
                 Louisiana, USA, March 14--28, 1999}",
  publisher =    pub-ACM,
  address =      pub-ACM:adr,
  year =         "1999",
  CODEN =        "SIGSD3",
  ISBN =         "1-58113-085-6",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-1-58113-085-0",
  ISSN =         "0097-8418 (print), 2331-3927 (electronic)",
  ISSN-L =       "0097-8418",
  bibdate =      "Sat Nov 17 15:05:50 2012",
  bibsource =    "DBLP;
                 http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/sigcse/sigcse1999.html;
                 http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sigcse1990.bib",
  series =       j-SIGCSE,
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}