Valid HTML 4.0! Valid CSS!
%%% -*-BibTeX-*-
%%% ====================================================================
%%%  BibTeX-file{
%%%     author          = "Nelson H. F. Beebe",
%%%     version         = "1.15",
%%%     date            = "26 December 2023",
%%%     time            = "14:09:14 MST",
%%%     filename        = "fishes.bib",
%%%     address         = "University of Utah
%%%                        Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB
%%%                        155 S 1400 E RM 233
%%%                        Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090
%%%                        USA",
%%%     telephone       = "+1 801 581 5254",
%%%     FAX             = "+1 801 581 4148",
%%%     URL             = "https://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe",
%%%     checksum        = "25862 41507 246784 2286266",
%%%     email           = "beebe at math.utah.edu, beebe at acm.org,
%%%                        beebe at computer.org (Internet)",
%%%     codetable       = "ISO/ASCII",
%%%     keywords        = "bibliography; BibTeX; Fishes",
%%%     license         = "public domain",
%%%     supported       = "yes",
%%%     docstring       = "This is a COMPLETE bibliography of the
%%%                        journal Fishes (CODEN none, ISSN 2410-3888),
%%%                        published by MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
%%%                        Publication began with volume 1, number 1, in
%%%                        2016.  There was only one issue that year,
%%%                        but subsequent annual volumes have 4 issues.
%%%
%%%                        The journal has a Web site at
%%%
%%%                            https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes
%%%
%%%                        At version 1.15, the COMPLETE year coverage
%%%                        looked like this:
%%%
%%%                             2016 (   5)    2019 (  60)    2022 ( 143)
%%%                             2017 (  21)    2020 (  37)    2023 ( 393)
%%%                             2018 (  49)    2021 (  72)    2024 (  10)
%%%
%%%                             Article:        790
%%%
%%%                             Total entries:  790
%%%
%%%                        Data for this bibliography have been largely
%%%                        derived from the publisher Web sites, with
%%%                        additions from the BibNet Project and TeX
%%%                        User Group bibliography archives.
%%%
%%%                        Numerous errors in the sources noted above
%%%                        have been corrected.   Spelling has been
%%%                        verified with the UNIX spell and GNU ispell
%%%                        programs using the exception dictionary
%%%                        stored in the companion file with extension
%%%                        .sok.
%%%
%%%                        BibTeX citation tags are uniformly chosen
%%%                        as name:year:abbrev, where name is the
%%%                        family name of the first author or editor,
%%%                        year is a 4-digit number, and abbrev is a
%%%                        3-letter condensation of important title
%%%                        words. Citation tags were automatically
%%%                        generated by software developed for the
%%%                        BibNet Project.
%%%
%%%                        In this bibliography, entries are sorted in
%%%                        publication order within each journal,
%%%                        using bibsort -byvolume.
%%%
%%%                        The checksum field above contains a CRC-16
%%%                        checksum as the first value, followed by the
%%%                        equivalent of the standard UNIX wc (word
%%%                        count) utility output of lines, words, and
%%%                        characters.  This is produced by Robert
%%%                        Solovay's checksum utility.",
%%%  }
%%% ====================================================================
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%%% ====================================================================
%%% Acknowledgement abbreviations:
@String{ack-nhfb = "Nelson H. F. Beebe,
                    University of Utah,
                    Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB,
                    155 S 1400 E RM 233,
                    Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090, USA,
                    Tel: +1 801 581 5254,
                    FAX: +1 801 581 4148,
                    e-mail: \path|beebe@math.utah.edu|,
                            \path|beebe@acm.org|,
                            \path|beebe@computer.org| (Internet),
                    URL: \path|https://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/|"}

%%% ====================================================================
%%% Journal abbreviations:
@String{j-FISHES                = "Fishes"}

%%% ====================================================================
%%% Bibliography entries:
@Article{Gaemers:2016:TDE,
  author =       "Pieter A. M. Gaemers",
  title =        "Taxonomy, Distribution and Evolution of Trisopterine
                 {Gadidae} by Means of Otoliths and Other
                 Characteristics",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "1",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "18--51",
  day =          "17",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2016",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes1010018",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:18 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See correction \cite{Gaemers:2017:CPM}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/1/1/18",
  abstract =     "In a greater study of the recent fossil Gadidae, the
                 object of this paper is to better define the
                 trisopterine species and their relationships. The
                 taxonomy of the four recent species usually included in
                 the genus Trisopterus is further elaborated by means of
                 published and new data on their otoliths, by published
                 data on general external features and meristics of the
                 fishes, and their genetics. Fossil otoliths, from the
                 beginning of the Oligocene up to the present, reveal
                 much of their evolution and throw more light on their
                 relationships. Several succeeding and partly
                 overlapping lineages representing different genera are
                 recognized during this time interval. The genus
                 Neocolliolus Gaemers, 1976, for \bioname{Trisopterus
                 esmarkii} (Nilsson, 1855), is more firmly based. A new
                 genus, Allotrisopterus, is introduced for
                 \bioname{Trisopterus minutus} (Linnaeus, 1758). The
                 similarity with \bioname{Trisopterus capelanus}
                 (Lacep{\`e}de, 1800) is an example of convergent
                 evolution. The tribe Trisopterini Endo (2002) should
                 only contain Trisopterus, Allotrisopterus and
                 Neocolliolus as recent genera. Correct identification
                 of otoliths from fisheries research and from sea bottom
                 samples extends the knowledge of the present day
                 geographical distribution of T. capelanus and T. luscus
                 (Linnaeus, 1758). T. capelanus is also living along the
                 Atlantic coast of Portugal and at least up to and
                 including the R{\'\i}a de Arosa, Galicia, Spain. There
                 it can easily be mistaken for A. minutus that is also
                 living there. Otoliths of T. luscus have been
                 identified from the Evvo{\"\i}k{\'o}s Channel between
                 Euboia and the mainland of Greece, thus it must live
                 also in the Aegean Sea. Otoliths prove to be a powerful
                 tool in taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of
                 teleosts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Murzina:2016:LFA,
  author =       "Svetlana A. Murzina and Zinaida A. Nefedova and
                 Svetlana N. Pekkoeva and Tatiana R. Ruokolainen and
                 Pauli O. Ripatti and Andrey V. Semushin and Nina N.
                 Nemova",
  title =        "Lipids and Fatty Acids of the {White Sea} Herring
                 \bioname{Clupea pallasi marisalbi} {Berg}
                 ({Clupeiformes, Clupeidae}) from Different Habitats of
                 the {White Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "1",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "65--76",
  day =          "13",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2016",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes1010065",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:18 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/1/1/65",
  abstract =     "Habitation conditions significantly affect the
                 physiological and biochemical state of aquatic
                 organisms, including the balance of lipids that
                 performs important functions in cellular metabolism.
                 The lipid and fatty acid profiles of White Sea herring
                 in Dvina, Kandalaksha, and Onega bays, and in the
                 waters of Tersky Shore (the mouth of the Varzuga River)
                 in autumn (after the fattening period) were studied.
                 Different methods --- thin-layer, high-performance
                 liquid and gas chromatography --- were used for this
                 purpose. Determined heterogeneity on studied parameters
                 of lipid metabolism of fish from different habitats is
                 associated with differences in trophic and hydrological
                 conditions in these bays. Variations of lipid
                 compositions of herring groups can be a reflection of
                 qualitative and quantitative strategies of biochemical
                 adaptations, aimed at compensating the lipid metabolism
                 of fish under different trophic--ecological conditions
                 of habitation in the White Sea.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Booth:2016:FAP,
  author =       "Mark A. Booth and D. Stewart Fielder",
  title =        "Fortification of an Aquafeed with Potassium Chloride
                 Does Not Improve Survival of Juvenile {Australian}
                 Snapper \bioname{Pagrus auratus} Reared in Potassium
                 Deficient Saline Groundwater",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "1",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "52--64",
  day =          "09",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2016",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes1010052",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:18 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/1/1/52",
  abstract =     "This study was done to determine if fortification of a
                 commercial aquafeed with KCl could improve the survival
                 of juvenile Australian snapper \bioname{Pagrus auratus}
                 reared in K + deficient saline groundwater (KDSGW;
                 {$<$5} mg K + L \minus 1). Experiment 1 (Exp. 1) tested
                 whether feeding an aquafeed fortified with zero, 25, or
                 50 g KCl kg \minus 1 for 6 days affected feed intake
                 and survival of fish transferred immediately from
                 estuarine water to KDSGW of the equivalent salinity (20
                 g\cdotp L \minus 1). Experiment 2 (Exp. 2) investigated
                 whether an aquafeed fortified with zero, 10, or 25 g
                 KCl kg \minus 1 affected survival, feed intake, and
                 growth rate (SGR) of snapper reared in KDSGW fortified
                 to have 40\% or 100\% the [K + ] of equivalent salinity
                 estuarine water (20 g\cdotp L \minus 1). The results of
                 Exp. 1 demonstrated there was no benefit of fortifying
                 aquafeed with KCl; fish transferred into KDSGW stopped
                 feeding and developed symptoms akin to tetany. Some
                 individuals also died and others became moribund. Exp.
                 1 was terminated according to animal care and ethics
                 guidelines. The results of Exp. 2 indicated the amount
                 of KCl added to the aquafeed did not affect survival,
                 feed intake, or food conversion ratio (FCR) of snapper,
                 irrespective of water treatment. However, SGR and FCR
                 was better when fish were reared in normal estuarine
                 water and KDSGW fortified to have 100\% the [K + ] of
                 equivalent salinity estuarine water. Our results
                 demonstrated that juvenile snapper were unable to
                 utilize the KCl added to the aquafeed and were probably
                 reliant on sequestering K + ions from the water column
                 in order to maintain functions involving hydromineral
                 homeostasis. Fortification of aquafeeds with KCl does
                 not ameliorate the negative effects of KDSWG on the
                 survival of juvenile snapper.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Esteban:2016:WNJ,
  author =       "Maria Angeles Esteban",
  title =        "Welcome to the New Journal \bioname{Fishes}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "1",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "16--17",
  day =          "31",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2016",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes1010016",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:18 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/1/1/16",
  abstract =     "This study was done to determine if fortification of a
                 commercial aquafeed with KCl could improve the survival
                 of juvenile Australian snapper \bioname{Pagrus auratus}
                 reared in K + deficient saline groundwater (KDSGW;
                 {$<$5} mg K + L \minus 1). Experiment 1 (Exp. 1) tested
                 whether feeding an aquafeed fortified with zero, 25, or
                 50 g KCl kg \minus 1 for 6 days affected feed intake
                 and survival of fish transferred immediately from
                 estuarine water to KDSGW of the equivalent salinity (20
                 g\cdotp L \minus 1). Experiment 2 (Exp. 2) investigated
                 whether an aquafeed fortified with zero, 10, or 25 g
                 KCl kg \minus 1 affected survival, feed intake, and
                 growth rate (SGR) of snapper reared in KDSGW fortified
                 to have 40\% or 100\% the [K + ] of equivalent salinity
                 estuarine water (20 g\cdotp L \minus 1). The results of
                 Exp. 1 demonstrated there was no benefit of fortifying
                 aquafeed with KCl; fish transferred into KDSGW stopped
                 feeding and developed symptoms akin to tetany. Some
                 individuals also died and others became moribund. Exp.
                 1 was terminated according to animal care and ethics
                 guidelines. The results of Exp. 2 indicated the amount
                 of KCl added to the aquafeed did not affect survival,
                 feed intake, or food conversion ratio (FCR) of snapper,
                 irrespective of water treatment. However, SGR and FCR
                 was better when fish were reared in normal estuarine
                 water and KDSGW fortified to have 100\% the [K + ] of
                 equivalent salinity estuarine water. Our results
                 demonstrated that juvenile snapper were unable to
                 utilize the KCl added to the aquafeed and were probably
                 reliant on sequestering K + ions from the water column
                 in order to maintain functions involving hydromineral
                 homeostasis. Fortification of aquafeeds with KCl does
                 not ameliorate the negative effects of KDSWG on the
                 survival of juvenile snapper.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Morphis:2016:AVA,
  author =       "Gregory Morphis and Aggeliki Kyriazopoulou and
                 Constantina Nasopoulou and Eleni Sioriki and
                 Constantinos A. Demopoulos and Ioannis Zabetakis",
  title =        "Assessment of the in Vitro Antithrombotic Properties
                 of Sardine (\bioname{Sardina pilchardus}) Fillet Lipids
                 and Cod Liver Oil",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "1",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1--15",
  day =          "28",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2016",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes1010001",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:18 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/1/1/1",
  abstract =     "The aim of the current study was to compare the
                 biological activities of total polar lipids (TPL) and
                 thin-layer chromatography (TLC) polar lipid fractions
                 of sardine fillet and cod liver oil against
                 atherogenesis. TPL and TLC polar lipid fractions
                 obtained from these two sources were assessed for their
                 ability to inhibit the platelet-activating-factor
                 (PAF)-induced platelet aggregation (PAF-antagonists) or
                 to induce platelet aggregation (PAF-agonists), since
                 PAF plays a crucial role in the initiation and
                 development of atherosclerosis. This study focused on
                 the polar lipids since previous studies have underlined
                 that the antithrombotic properties of foodstuffs are
                 mainly attributed to polar lipid micro-constituents.
                 TPL of sardine fillet induced platelet aggregation,
                 while TPL of cod liver had a bimodal effect on
                 platelets. TLC polar lipid fractions of both samples
                 exhibited in vitro aggregatory and inhibitory activity
                 towards platelets. However, TLC sardine polar lipid
                 fractions showed stronger in vitro antithrombotic
                 activities than the cod liver oil ones. These data
                 constitute evidence of the putative contribution of
                 fish polar lipids against cardiovascular diseases,
                 underling firstly the beneficial effect of fish and
                 fish lipids as functional foodstuffs against
                 atherogenesis and secondly the more important role of
                 sardine polar lipids as opposed to cod liver oil.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Martinez-Cardenas:2017:PCD,
  author =       "Leonardo Mart{\'\i}nez-C{\'a}rdenas and Carlos A.
                 {\'A}lvarez-Gonz{\'a}lez and Oscar U.
                 Hern{\'a}ndez-Almeida and Carlos A. Fr{\'\i}as-Quintana
                 and Jes{\'u}s T. Ponce-Palafox and Sergio
                 Castillo-Vargasmachuca",
  title =        "Partial Characterization of Digestive Proteases in the
                 Green Cichlid, \bioname{Cichlasoma beani}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "4",
  day =          "08",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2010004",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:18 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/1/4",
  abstract =     "This study undertakes the characterization of
                 digestive proteases in the juvenile green cichlid,
                 Cichlasoma beani. The results obtained showed a higher
                 activity of alkaline proteases (0.14 \pm 0.01 U mg
                 protein \minus 1) compared to acid proteases (0.07 \pm
                 0.01 U mg protein \minus 1) in this species. The
                 optimum temperature of the alkaline proteases was 65
                 \degree C and these enzymes were more thermostable to
                 temperature changes than the acid proteases,
                 characterized by an optimal temperature of 55 \degree
                 C. The pH optimum was 2 for acid proteases, and 11 for
                 alkaline proteases, which were also more stable to
                 changes in pH between 8 and 10. The use of specific
                 inhibitors showed an acid protease inhibition of 88\%
                 with pepstatin A as inhibitor. In the zymogram SDS-PAGE
                 analysis of alkaline proteases, five active fractions
                 were revealed, indicating the presence of serine
                 proteases. These results confirm that both alkaline and
                 acid proteases are involved in the digestion of C.
                 beani, and suggest that this species is omnivorous with
                 carnivorous tendencies. The present study contributes
                 to our knowledge about the digestive physiology of C.
                 beani, and can be applied towards improved
                 understanding of the kinds of protein sources that
                 could be used in the development of inerts diets.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Frias-Quintana:2017:UPS,
  author =       "Carlos A. Fr{\'\i}as-Quintana and Carlos A.
                 {\'A}lvarez-Gonz{\'a}lez and Dariel Tovar-Ram{\'\i}rez
                 and Rafael Mart{\'\i}nez-Garc{\'\i}a and Susana
                 Camarillo-Coop and Emyr Pe{\~n}a and Mario A. Galaviz",
  title =        "Use of Potato Starch in Diets of Tropical Gar
                 (\bioname{Atractosteus tropicus}, Gill 1863) Larvae",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "3",
  day =          "07",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2010003",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:18 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/1/3",
  abstract =     "Tropical gar, \bioname{Atractosteus tropicus}, is a
                 carnivorous fish species from Southern M{\'e}xico with
                 high value and acceptance in local markets. Therefore,
                 the present study aims to spare proteins in diets for
                 larviculture of this species. An experiment was
                 performed using three different experimental diets with
                 increasing carbohydrate levels based on potato starch
                 (S) and decreasing protein content (P) and total
                 energy: 16\% S (16\% S--44\% P), 22\% S (22\% S--40\%
                 P) and 28\% S (28\% S--36\% P). Tropical gar larvae
                 (five days post-hatching, 2.1 mm average notochordal
                 length) were assessed for growth, survival, degree of
                 cannibalism, and digestive enzyme activities for 30
                 days. Highest growth and survival (24\%), as well as
                 the lowest cannibalism (33\%), was seen in larvae fed
                 the 28\% S diet, and these larvae also had the highest
                 lipase, amylase and glucosidase activities (0.28, 0.56
                 and 0.11 units, respectively). Protease activity
                 (alkaline protease, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and leucine
                 aminopeptidase) was higher in the larvae fed the 22\% S
                 diet than in those given the 16\% S and 28\% S diets.
                 In conclusion, dietary inclusion of potato starch at
                 28\% S enhanced growth, survival and some digestive
                 enzyme activities, and decreased cannibalism in the
                 larval gar. Potato starch could replace dietary protein
                 as a major source of energy for A. tropicus larvae,
                 thereby reducing the cost of diets.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Setiawati:2017:USS,
  author =       "Martiwi Diah Setiawati and Tasuku Tanaka",
  title =        "Utilization of Scatterplot Smoothers to Understand the
                 Environmental Preference of Bigeye Tuna in the Southern
                 Waters off {Java--Bali}: Satellite Remote Sensing
                 Approach",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "2",
  day =          "09",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2010002",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:18 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/1/2",
  abstract =     "The southern waters off Java-Bali were recognized as
                 spawning and potential fishing ground for tuna species.
                 However, few studies have been conducted on this area.
                 In this paper, the environmental preference of bigeye
                 tuna was assessed based on catch data and three main
                 environmental satellite data; namely; sea surface
                 temperature (SST), sea surface chlorophyll (SSC), and
                 sea surface height deviation (SSHD). Then, the
                 relationship between bigeye tuna catches and
                 environmental satellite data was analyzed by using a
                 simplified method of the Generalized Additive Model
                 (GAM) which is called scatterplot smoothers. This
                 method is the forerunner of GAM and has not yet been
                 applied for fisheries analysis. The aim of this study
                 was to evaluate its performance for/in analyzing bigeye
                 tuna habitat preference. The result indicated that SST,
                 SSC, and SSHD had a high correlation with the bigeye
                 tuna's spatial patterns. Furthermore, spatial patterns
                 of bigeye tuna preference display typical
                 characteristics of low SST, low SSC, and low positive
                 SSHD as well as areas with extreme SSHD values, which
                 are almost the same results as those identified with
                 GAM analysis in the same study area.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Enyidi:2017:EFP,
  author =       "Uchechukwu D. Enyidi and Juhani Pirhonen and Juhani
                 Kettunen and Jouni Vielma",
  title =        "Effect of Feed Protein:Lipid Ratio on Growth
                 Parameters of {African} Catfish \bioname{Clarias
                 gariepinus} after Fish Meal Substitution in the Diet
                 with Bambaranut (\bioname{Voandzeia subterranea}) Meal
                 and Soybean (\bioname{Glycine max}) Meal",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1",
  day =          "30",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2010001",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:18 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/1/1",
  abstract =     "Fishmeal (FM) was substituted with soybean meal
                 (Glycine max) (SBM) and bambaranut meal (Voandzeia
                 subterranea) (BNM) in 10 experimental African catfish,
                 \bioname{Clarias gariepinus}, diets. Feed formulation
                 was designed using mixture model. The inclusion level
                 of the three protein ingredients varied between 0\% and
                 60\%. Remaining 40\% comprised of basal ingredients
                 kept constant for all 10 feeds. African catfish of
                 average initial weight 35.2 \pm 0.9 g were fed with one
                 of the treatment diets for 28 days. The protein:lipid
                 ratios of the diets (range 1.5--3.4:1) were used in
                 evaluating the feed utilization and growth of the fish.
                 We found that catfish performances were mainly
                 depending on ingredients and not the ratio itself. The
                 protein:lipid ratios in the diets made of plant
                 ingredients were high but SGR was low. Specific growth
                 rate (SGR) increased with the increase of feed FM
                 content, being ca. 5\% day\minus 1 with 60\% FM diet
                 but ca. 2\% day\minus 1 at both 60\% BNM and 60\% SBM
                 diets. SGR was similar (3.5\% day\minus 1) with diets
                 of 30\% BNM or SBM inclusion with 30\% FM. Feed
                 conversion ratio increased from below 0.6 of the 60\%
                 FM diet up to 1.5 (60\% SBM) and 1.7 (60\% BNM).
                 Protein efficiency ratio decreased linearly with
                 increasing FM substitution, but protein productive
                 value (PPV) was similar for catfish fed 60\% FM diet
                 and its 50\% substitution with BNM or SBM. These
                 results suggest that protein:lipid ratio cannot be used
                 in assessing nutritional performance if the source of
                 feed ingredient vary widely. However, these results
                 suggest that BNM can partly substitute FM and
                 completely replace SBM in the diets of African
                 catfish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Palm:2017:TAI,
  author =       "Harry W. Palm and Irfan Yulianto and Uwe Piatkowski",
  title =        "Trypanorhynch Assemblages Indicate Ecological and
                 Phylogenetical Attributes of Their Elasmobranch Final
                 Hosts",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "8",
  day =          "17",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2020008",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/2/8",
  abstract =     "This study explores non-metric multidimensional
                 scaling (nMDS) as a tool for investigating parasites as
                 indicators of the elasmobranch biology. An attractive
                 feature of nMDS is its ability to allow
                 assemblage-level parasite data to be simultaneously
                 applied to questions of host biology. This method was
                 examined using the tapeworm order Trypanorhyncha
                 Diesing, 1863, which is known to be transmitted among
                 their hosts through the marine food web (via
                 predation), can unambiguously be identified in the
                 intermediate and final hosts, and has the potential as
                 an indicator of the host feeding biology. Our analyses
                 focused on trypanorhynch assemblages in elasmobranchs
                 as definitive hosts. The relationships between
                 trypanorhynch assemblages and the depth, feeding
                 ecology, habitat, and phylogeny for all sharks were
                 complex, but we found that depth distribution, diet
                 composition and habitat type were the major influencing
                 factors. Several species of sharks showed different
                 characters than known from their descriptions that
                 could be attributed to the change of shark behavior or
                 the trypanorhynch host path. The relationship between
                 the trypanorhynch assemblage and factors for
                 carcharhiniform species alone was more robust than for
                 all sharks. In the carcharhiniform analysis, the
                 relationship between habitat type and trypanorhynch
                 assemblage was most remarkable. Overlapping host
                 ecology was evident even in phylogenetically-distant
                 related hosts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sakihara:2017:MDD,
  author =       "Troy S. Sakihara and Atsuko Fukunaga and Kimberly A.
                 Peyton",
  title =        "Mugilids Display Distinct Trait-Mediated Patterns with
                 a Reinvasion of {Para} Grass \bioname{Urochloa mutica}
                 in a Tropical Estuary",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "7",
  day =          "23",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2020007",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/2/7",
  abstract =     "Aggressive invasions by species such as para grass
                 Urochloa mutica (Forssk.) are pervasive throughout the
                 tropics, but the impacts on estuarine habitats and
                 biota are poorly understood. After weed control was
                 reduced in a tropical estuary, U. mutica reinvaded this
                 area composed of two contiguous habitats: a shallow
                 pond and a deeper river. These habitats are especially
                 important for \bioname{Mugil cephalus}, a culturally
                 prized native mullet, and introduced Moolgarda engeli
                 not targeted in the fishery. We investigated the
                 potential impacts of U. mutica on juvenile and adult
                 mullets by comparing the catch per unit effort (CPUE)
                 of the two mullet species and the physiochemical
                 measurements from the two contiguous habitats during
                 different stages of its reinvasion. Overall, negative
                 effects on the CPUE of M. cephalus and M. engeli were
                 found as a result of the U. mutica reinvasion. The M.
                 cephalus CPUE was consistently higher in the shallow
                 pond habitat compared to the deeper river habitat. It
                 decreased after U. mutica was established, correlative
                 to the invasive grass canopies smothering the shallow
                 habitat favored by juveniles. The M. engeli CPUE
                 significantly declined during the initial periods of U.
                 mutica reinvasion, but did not decline further after
                 the grass became established. No differences in the M.
                 engeli CPUE between habitats were found, indicating
                 that M. engeli are habitat generalists. These findings
                 are among the first in an insular tropical estuary
                 demonstrating a negative relationship between an
                 invasive grass and relative abundances of two
                 confamiliar fish, while revealing distinct patterns
                 attributed to species-specific traits. Importantly, the
                 broad overlapping biogeographic distribution of M.
                 cephalus and U. mutica, and the negative relationship
                 between these species, raises widespread concern for
                 this mullet as a globally important fisheries
                 species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Greenwood:2017:DSH,
  author =       "M. F. D. Greenwood",
  title =        "Distribution, Spread, and Habitat Predictability of a
                 Small, Invasive, Piscivorous Fish in an Important
                 Estuarine Fish Nursery",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "6",
  day =          "13",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2020006",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/2/6",
  abstract =     "Invasive species often cause negative ecological and
                 economic effects. Florida has {$>$20} established
                 invasive fish species but only seven exist in
                 saltwater. The present study examined
                 \bioname{Belonesox belizanus} (Pike Killifish), a
                 Central American euryhaline fish introduced to Tampa
                 Bay (west-central Florida) in the early 1990s, which
                 has quantifiably reduced populations of small-bodied
                 native fishes and may compete with prized sportfish
                 juveniles in estuarine nursery habitat. Long-term
                 monitoring revealed that B. belizanus occurs in
                 estuarine waterbodies along a 31-km stretch of the
                 bay's eastern fringe, with a second, smaller population
                 in two western tributaries. Spread rate was estimated
                 to be 5.5--13 km year \minus 1, intermediate among
                 invasive poeciliids. A novel implementation of boosted
                 regression tree modeling to assess B. belizanus habitat
                 predictability found greater probability of presence
                 with decreasing water depth and pH, whereas presence
                 tended to be greatest at polyhaline salinity. It is
                 hypothesized that B. belizanus distribution in Tampa
                 Bay is constrained by deep, seawall habitats acting as
                 ecological barriers. Further B. belizanus spread
                 therefore may be most likely to occur by human release
                 (from aquaria or bait buckets) or bird carry-off. Newly
                 restored tidal habitat within the current range
                 probably will be invaded quite quickly by B.
                 belizanus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mozanzadeh:2017:MRS,
  author =       "Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh and Jasem G. Marammazi and
                 Morteza Yaghoubi and Naser Agh and Esmaeil Pagheh and
                 Enric Gisbert",
  title =        "Macronutrient Requirements of Silvery-Black Porgy
                 (\bioname{Sparidentex hasta}): a Comparison with Other
                 Farmed Sparid Species",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "5",
  day =          "13",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2020005",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/2/5",
  abstract =     "Silvery-black porgy (\bioname{Sparidentex hasta}) is
                 recognized as one of the most promising fish species
                 for aquaculture diversification in the Persian Gulf and
                 the Oman Sea regions. In this regard, S. hasta has
                 received considerable attention, and nutritional
                 studies focused on establishing the nutritional
                 requirements for improving diet formulation have been
                 conducted during recent years. Considering the results
                 from different dose--response nutritional studies on
                 macronutrient requirements conducted in this species,
                 it can be concluded that diets containing ca. 48\%
                 crude protein, 15\% crude lipid, 15\% carbohydrates and
                 20 KJ g \minus 1 gross energy are recommended for
                 on-growing S. hasta juveniles. In addition, the optimum
                 essential amino acid profile for this species
                 (expressed as g 16 g N \minus 1), should be
                 approximately arginine 5.3, lysine 6.0, threonine 5.2,
                 histidine 2.5, isoleucine 4.6, leucine 5.4, methionine
                 + cysteine 4.0 (in a diet containing 0.6 cysteine),
                 phenylalanine + tyrosine 5.6 (in a diet containing 1.9
                 tyrosine), tryptophan 1.0 and valine 4.6. Moreover, the
                 optimum dietary n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty
                 acids and soybean lecithin are recommended to be 0.8\%
                 and 6\%, respectively. The maximum replacement of fish
                 meal with soy protein is recommended to be between
                 16.5\% and 27.3\%. In addition, different vegetal oil
                 sources are also recommended for partial and almost
                 complete replacement of fish oil in diets. Although the
                 nutritional requirements in terms of macronutrients
                 have been established under laboratory conditions, the
                 analysis of the available literature indicate that
                 future studies need to be conducted using a more
                 holistic approach under intensive farming conditions in
                 which different nutrients or additives need to be
                 tested under different rearing conditions for refining
                 nutrient requirements in this species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Romano:2017:WOC,
  author =       "Nicla Romano and Giuseppe Scapigliati and Luigi
                 Abelli",
  title =        "Water Oxygen Content Affects Distribution of {T} and
                 {B} Lymphocytes in Lymphoid Tissues of Farmed Sea Bass
                 (\bioname{Dicentrarchus labrax})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "16",
  day =          "14",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2030016",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/3/16",
  abstract =     "Intensive aquaculture systems have stimulated proper
                 management in order to limit stressful stocking
                 conditions and environmental impact. This should
                 improve fish wellness and counteract adverse water
                 characteristics such as high concentrations of carbon.
                 The oxygen can be considered a key factor since
                 critical conditions leading to chronic rise of blood
                 catecholamines can depress the number and
                 Oxygen-carrying capacity of erythrocytes. In this
                 research, we evaluated the effects of variation in
                 water oxygen (from 6 \pm 1 to 13 \pm 1 mg/L) on
                 lymphocytes density in sea bass by using flow cytometry
                 and immunohistochemistry. Gut, gill, and thymus T-cells
                 were significantly enhanced in percentage in
                 hyperoxygenated fish compared with normo-oxygenated
                 group, while Peripheral Blood Leukocytes (PBL), head
                 kidney, and spleen T-cells were not significantly
                 different. Contrarily, in PBL, head kidney and spleen
                 hyper-oxygenation treatment provoked an enhancement of
                 B lymphocyte percentages. The distribution of positive
                 T-cells in hyper-oxygenated fish varied in the organs
                 and followed the relative increments/decrements
                 observed in flow cytometry. This study remarks the
                 sensitivity of sea bass adaptive immunocytes to oxygen
                 concentration, evidenced by the modification of
                 parameters. Sea bass culture under high-flow water
                 recycling and at around 12--13 mg/L oxygen
                 concentrations is therefore suggested to enhance the
                 immune response capacity.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gaemers:2017:RDT,
  author =       "Pieter A. M. Gaemers and Jan Y. Poulsen",
  title =        "Recognition and Distribution of Two {North Atlantic}
                 \bioname{Gadiculus} Species, \bioname{G. argenteus} and
                 \bioname{G. thori} ({Gadidae}), Based on Otolith
                 Morphology, Larval Pigmentation, Molecular Evidence,
                 Morphometrics and Meristics",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "15",
  day =          "29",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2030015",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/3/15",
  abstract =     "The silvery pout genus Gadiculus consists of small
                 aberrant codfishes with several extinct and currently
                 only one recognized extant species. The oldest
                 representatives of a Gadiculus lineage known from
                 otoliths are Early Miocene in age. Fossil evidence has
                 showed Gadiculus to originate from older genera
                 diverging early from other true cods of the family
                 Gadidae. As adult specimens of different species have
                 been found to be highly similar and difficult to
                 distinguish based on meristic and morphometric data,
                 the number of species in this gadid genus has been
                 controversial since different larval morphotypes were
                 first discovered some 100 years ago. For almost 70
                 years, Gadiculus thori and Gadiculus argenteus have
                 been considered subspecies only, with a distribution in
                 the Northeast Atlantic Ocean including the
                 Mediterranean. In this study, we resolve the
                 long-standing issue of extant Gadiculus not being
                 monotypic. New results in the form of distinct adult
                 otoliths and molecular data unambiguously show two
                 species of Gadiculus present --- in agreement with
                 larval morphotypes. Morphometric, meristic and
                 molecular characters, as well as larval pigmentation
                 are discussed in addition to present and past
                 geographic distributions of the two taxa from
                 distributions of fossil otoliths. At present, the
                 cold-water species Gadiculus thori (northern silvery
                 pout) is distributed in cold-temperate and subarctic
                 latitudes in the Northeast Atlantic, including a new
                 range extension off Southeast Greenland. Gadiculus
                 argenteus (southern silvery pout) occurs in warmer
                 waters and is distributed in the warm-temperate East
                 Atlantic and Mediterranean. Fossil otoliths show that
                 both species often co-existed in the Mediterranean from
                 the Late Pliocene to the Middle Pleistocene.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kawase:2017:DES,
  author =       "Hiroshi Kawase and Ryo Mizuuchi and Hirofumi Shin and
                 Yuki Kitajima and Koh Hosoda and Masahiro Shimizu and
                 Daisuke Iwai and Shigeru Kondo",
  title =        "Discovery of an Earliest-Stage ``{Mystery Circle}''
                 and Development of the Structure Constructed by
                 Pufferfish, \bioname{Torquigener albomaculosus}
                 ({Pisces: Tetraodontidae})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "14",
  day =          "23",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2030014",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/3/14",
  abstract =     "Male pufferfish (Torquigener albomaculosus) construct
                 ``mystery circles'', geometric circular structures with
                 radially aligned peaks and valleys, on sandy seabeds
                 for reproduction. We discovered an earliest-stage
                 mystery circle composed of dozens of irregular
                 depressions. The structure changed to a primitive
                 circular form with radially aligned valleys and a
                 circular depression in the central area on day 2. The
                 number of valleys increased, and the radius of the
                 structure was much smaller than that of the final
                 structure. These features were observed from days 2 to
                 4, considered the early stage of construction. The
                 mystery circle had radially aligned peaks and valleys
                 with a central flat area, while the radius and the
                 differences in elevation between the peaks and valleys
                 were increasing. These features, which were observed
                 from days 5 to 8, were considered the middle stage of
                 construction. On day 9, the mystery circle was
                 completed. An irregular pattern was formed in the
                 central area, and the radially aligned peaks were
                 decorated with shell and coral fragments. These are the
                 first recorded observations of construction of a
                 mystery circle from the earliest stage.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Doring:2017:EFB,
  author =       "Julian D{\"o}ring and Maik Tiedemann and Moritz
                 St{\"a}bler and Hans Sloterdijk and Werner Ekau",
  title =        "\bioname{Ethmalosa fimbriata} ({Bowdich} 1825), a
                 Clupeid Fish That Exhibits Elevated Batch Fecundity in
                 Hypersaline Waters",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "13",
  day =          "18",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2030013",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/3/13",
  abstract =     "Little is known about the concerted influence of
                 temperature and salinity on the fecundity of clupeid
                 fishes. Due to a globally changing climate, both
                 physical parameters might act as stressors, severely
                 affecting the reproductive potential of clupeid fish
                 populations inhabiting tropical estuaries. Differences
                 in relative batch fecundities, the gonado-somatic
                 index, and the condition index of bonga shad
                 (\bioname{Ethmalosa fimbriata}) were analysed in
                 individual females sampled at the Senegalese coast and
                 inside the inverse Sine Saloum estuary, where salinity
                 increases upstream in all seasons. Multiple linear
                 regression models on fecundity and gonadal energy
                 storage show that clupeids can adapt towards increasing
                 their reproductive investment at temperatures (26--30
                 \degree C) and salinities (42--51), which by far exceed
                 marine conditions, in an effort to maximize recruitment
                 success. This reproductive strategy, however, is
                 accompanied by a trade-off between reproductive effort
                 and somatic growth, which ultimately limits the
                 species' reproductive potential inside the estuary. The
                 observed high variability in batch fecundities might be
                 a viable mechanism to adjust to fluctuating and rather
                 extreme environmental conditions. Understanding the
                 spawning biology of exploited clupeid fishes in
                 drastically changing environments is crucial for
                 evaluating the reproductive potential of stocks at the
                 outer reach of their physiological performance curve.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dedman:2017:ASM,
  author =       "Simon Dedman and Rick Officer and Deirdre Brophy and
                 Maurice Clarke and David G. Reid",
  title =        "Advanced Spatial Modeling to Inform Management of
                 Data-Poor Juvenile and Adult Female Rays",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "12",
  day =          "04",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2030012",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/3/12",
  abstract =     "Chronic overfishing has depleted numerous elasmobranch
                 stocks in the North East Atlantic, but addressing this
                 issue has been hampered by management complications and
                 lacking data. Spatial management approaches have thus
                 been advocated. This work presents a novel application
                 and further development of an advanced spatial modeling
                 technique to identify candidate nursery grounds and
                 spawning areas for conservation, by subsetting already
                 limited data. Boosted Regression Tree models are used
                 to predict abundance of juvenile and mature female
                 cuckoo (\bioname{Leucoraja naevus}), thornback
                 (\bioname{Raja clavata}), blonde (R aja brachyura), and
                 spotted (R aja montagui) rays in the Irish Sea using
                 fish survey data and data describing fishing pressure,
                 predation and environmental variables. Model-predicted
                 spatial abundance maps of these subsets reveal distinct
                 nuances in species distributions with greater
                 predictive power than maps of the whole stock. These
                 resulting maps are then integrated into a single easily
                 understood map using a novel approach, standardizing
                 and facilitating the spatial management of data-limited
                 fish stocks.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gaemers:2017:CPM,
  author =       "Pieter A. M. Gaemers",
  title =        "Correction: {Pieter A. M. Gaemers. Taxonomy,
                 Distribution and Evolution of Trisopterine Gadidae by
                 Means of Otoliths and Other Characteristics.
                 \booktitle{Fishes} 2016, {\bf 1}, 18--51}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "11",
  day =          "17",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2030011",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See \cite{Gaemers:2016:TDE}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/3/11",
  abstract =     "Chronic overfishing has depleted numerous elasmobranch
                 stocks in the North East Atlantic, but addressing this
                 issue has been hampered by management complications and
                 lacking data. Spatial management approaches have thus
                 been advocated. This work presents a novel application
                 and further development of an advanced spatial modeling
                 technique to identify candidate nursery grounds and
                 spawning areas for conservation, by subsetting already
                 limited data. Boosted Regression Tree models are used
                 to predict abundance of juvenile and mature female
                 cuckoo (\bioname{Leucoraja naevus}), thornback
                 (\bioname{Raja clavata}), blonde (R aja brachyura), and
                 spotted (R aja montagui) rays in the Irish Sea using
                 fish survey data and data describing fishing pressure,
                 predation and environmental variables. Model-predicted
                 spatial abundance maps of these subsets reveal distinct
                 nuances in species distributions with greater
                 predictive power than maps of the whole stock. These
                 resulting maps are then integrated into a single easily
                 understood map using a novel approach, standardizing
                 and facilitating the spatial management of data-limited
                 fish stocks.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liao:2017:MRS,
  author =       "Qiuhong Liao and Tetsuhito Suzuki and Kohno Yasushi
                 and Dimas Firmanda Al Riza and Makoto Kuramoto and
                 Naoshi Kondo",
  title =        "Monitoring {Red Sea} Bream Scale Fluorescence as a
                 Freshness Indicator",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "10",
  day =          "10",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2030010",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/3/10",
  abstract =     "Red sea bream (\bioname{Pagrus major}) scale
                 fluorescence characteristics were identified as a
                 potential rapid and non-destructive means for assessing
                 the fish's freshness. To investigate this, live red sea
                 breams were purchased, slaughtered, and prior to
                 measurement, stored at 22 \pm 2 \degree C for 27 h.
                 During subsequent storage, the K value of the dorsal
                 meat --- as a standard freshness indicator --- along
                 with front-face fluorescence spectra of representative
                 dorsal scales, were measured simultaneously at 3 h
                 intervals. Two major fluorescent peaks, A and B, were
                 identified with excitation and emission wavelength
                 pairs of 280/310 nm and 340/420 nm, which were mainly
                 contributed to by tyrosine and collagen, respectively.
                 Subsequent analysis showed that the fluorescence
                 intensity ratio of peak B to A (I B / I A) increased
                 linearly during storage (R 2 = 0.95) and is proposed as
                 a potential non-destructive index of fish freshness.
                 Thus, our results suggest that the fluorescence
                 characteristics of fish scales can be used to assess
                 fish carcass freshness during storage.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Oliveira:2017:PRD,
  author =       "Catarina C. V. Oliveira and Mayra I. Grano-Maldonado
                 and Rui A. Gon{\c{c}}alves and Paulo A. Frias and
                 Ant{\'o}nio V. Sykes",
  title =        "Preliminary Results on the Daily and Seasonal Rhythms
                 of Cuttlefish \bioname{Sepia officinalis} ({Linnaeus},
                 1758) Locomotor Activity in Captivity",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "9",
  day =          "28",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2030009",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:19 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/3/9",
  abstract =     "This research was aimed at characterizing the daily
                 rhythms of locomotor activity of cuttlefish Sepia
                 officinalis (Linnaeus, 1758), a promising aquaculture
                 species, in a captive environment. Cuttlefish were
                 distributed within two tanks equipped with infrared
                 photocells, allowing the monitoring of locomotor
                 activity continuously from August to February. Results
                 showed a preference of cuttlefish for being active
                 during the night in summer (24.2 \pm 1.3 \degree C) and
                 in autumn (18.4 \pm 3.4 \degree C), with maximum
                 activity peaks observed, respectively, at 01:09 h and
                 21:47 h, in close relation with sunset time. In winter
                 (12.7 \pm 1.4 \degree C), this preference changed, with
                 higher levels of activity observed during the afternoon
                 in December (15:20 h) and in January (18:13 h), thus
                 suggesting this species as possessing a dualistic
                 behaviour. Levels of activity progressively decreased
                 during autumn and winter, likely related to low
                 temperatures. The present study offers new insights on
                 the behaviour of \bioname{Sepia officinalis},
                 presenting a variability of patterns across seasons,
                 regulated by environmental synchronizers; photoperiod
                 determining the activity periods, and temperature
                 modulating the levels of activity. Such information may
                 be a valuable tool for the improvement of cuttlefish
                 culture protocols in aquaculture, and consequently its
                 welfare.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Garrido:2017:PRL,
  author =       "Diego Garrido and Diana B. Reis and Diego Orol and Rui
                 A. Gon{\c{c}}alves and M. Virginia Mart{\'\i}n and
                 Ant{\'o}nio V. Sykes and Covadonga Rodr{\'\i}guez and
                 Beatriz C. Felipe and Xiaodong Zheng and Luis Lagos and
                 Eduardo Almansa",
  title =        "Preliminary Results on Light Conditions Manipulation
                 in \bioname{Octopus vulgaris} ({Cuvier}, 1797)
                 Paralarval Rearing",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "21",
  day =          "24",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2040021",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/4/21",
  abstract =     "High paralarvae mortality is a major bottleneck
                 currently hindering the control over the lifecycle of
                 common octopus (\bioname{Octopus vulgaris} Cuvier,
                 1797). It is believed that this problem might be
                 related to either zoo-technical and/or nutritional
                 aspects. The present paper is focused on the study of
                 different zoo-technical aspects related to light
                 conditions on the rearing of paralarvae, including the
                 effects of polarization in prey ingestion, the use of a
                 blue filter to simulate natural conditions, and the use
                 of focused light to avoid reflections of the rearing
                 tank's walls. In the first experiment, O. vulgaris
                 paralarvae ingestion of Artemia sp. and copepods (Tisbe
                 sp.) was assessed under either normal or polarized
                 light. In the second experiment, the effect of a blue
                 filter with natural light or focused artificial light
                 on growth and mortality was assessed over 15 days of
                 rearing. Ingestion rate was not influenced by light
                 polarization. Nonetheless, a significantly higher
                 ingestion of Artemia sp. with respect to copepods was
                 observed. The blue filter promoted the use of natural
                 light conditions in Octopus paralarval culture, while
                 focused light reduced the collision of the paralarvae
                 against the walls. However, no significant differences
                 were found in paralarval growth nor survival.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Caccia:2017:APE,
  author =       "Elisabetta Caccia and Maria Agnello and Marcello Ceci
                 and Patricia Strickler Dinglasan and Gerardo R. Vasta
                 and Nicla Romano",
  title =        "Antimicrobial Peptides Are Expressed during Early
                 Development of Zebrafish (\bioname{Danio rerio}) and
                 Are Inducible by Immune Challenge",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "20",
  day =          "08",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2040020",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/4/20",
  abstract =     "Antimicrobial peptides (AMPS) are ancestral components
                 in the evolution of immunity from protozoans to
                 metazoans. Their expression can be constitutive or
                 inducible by infectious challenge. Although
                 characterized in detail in their structure and
                 activity, the temporal and spatial expression of AMPS
                 during vertebrate embryogenesis is still poorly
                 understood. In the present study, we identified
                 selected AMPs in zebrafish, and characterized their
                 expression during early development, and upon
                 experimental immune challenge in adult animals, with
                 the goal of establishing this genetically-tractable
                 model system for further AMP studies. By mining
                 available genomic databases, zebrafish AMP sequences
                 homologous to AMPs from other vertebrates were selected
                 for further study. These included parasin I and its
                 enzyme cathepsin D, \beta -defensin (DB1),
                 liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2),
                 bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI), and
                 chromogranin-A and -B (CgA and CgB). Specific primers
                 were designed for RT-PCR amplification of each AMP gene
                 of interest and amplicons between 242 bp and 504 bp
                 were obtained from RNA extracted from adult zebrafish.
                 Sequencing of the amplicons and alignment of their
                 deduced amino acid sequences with those from AMPs from
                 other vertebrate species confirmed their identity. The
                 temporal expression of AMPs was investigated by RT-PCR
                 analysis in fertilized oocytes, embryos, and adult
                 individuals. Parasin I and chatepsin D transcripts were
                 detectable immediately after fertilization, while the
                 transcripts for CgA and CgB became evident starting at
                 48 h post fertilization. Mature transcripts of LEAP2
                 and DB1 were detectable only in the adult zebrafish,
                 while BPI transcripts were detectable starting from the
                 12th day post fertilization. To explore the possible
                 upregulation of AMP expression by infectious challenge,
                 experiments were carried out in adult zebrafish by
                 intraperitoneal injection of a cocktail of
                 lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid. Except for
                 CgA and CgB, amplicons corresponding to all tested AMPs
                 showed stronger signals in the experimental animals as
                 compared to the unchallenged controls. This study
                 provided information on the early expression of AMPs in
                 zebrafish from ontogeny to adulthood and their
                 inducibility by microbials. This information could be
                 useful to actuate new prophylactic strategies as an
                 alternative to the use of antibiotics in culture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lerner:2017:RSX,
  author =       "Justin Lerner and Juan C. Levesque and Liana
                 Talaue-McManus",
  title =        "Recreational Swordfish (\bioname{Xiphias gladius})
                 Fishery: Angler Practices in {South Florida (USA)}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "18",
  day =          "27",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2040018",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/4/18",
  abstract =     "The management of highly migratory species (HMS) is a
                 complex domestic and international system that was
                 initially established to regulate HMS taken in
                 commercial fisheries in the Atlantic Ocean. For
                 managing HMS taken in recreational fisheries, the
                 authority and the data required is lacking and remains
                 to be stipulated by regulating bodies. In the {United
                 States}, Florida saltwater anglers target various HMS,
                 but swordfish (\bioname{Xiphias gladius}) is a favorite
                 among anglers. The recreational swordfish fishery off
                 the Southeast Florida coast has experienced resurgence
                 in recent years, with directed tournaments resuming in
                 2001 after being absent almost 20 years. Today, South
                 Florida supports the largest group of recreational
                 swordfish anglers in the world. Despite the increasing
                 popularity and interest, little data is available
                 describing the recreational swordfish fishery and its
                 socio-economic aspects in South Florida. This study
                 aimed to compile, describe, and identify the
                 demographics, fishing tactics, costs, and fishery
                 management perceptions of recreational swordfish
                 anglers in South Florida based on nonprobability
                 purposive sampling organized through the Southeast
                 Swordfish Club (SESC). The sample size (n = 38)
                 represented about 16--38\% of the SESC members and
                 between 6\% and 8\% of the recreational anglers that
                 actively targeted swordfish in South Florida during the
                 time of the survey. We acknowledge the sample size was
                 small (n = 38), but believe the study encompassed the
                 most active swordfish anglers given their knowledge,
                 expertise, and connection with the fishery in terms of
                 participants, fishing effort, and fishing techniques.
                 As such, it is highly probable that a large portion of
                 the recreational swordfish angling population was
                 represented by members of the SESC in terms of
                 swordfishing gear, techniques, and socio-economics,
                 which reduced apparent bias in the study. Overall, the
                 annual income of recreational swordfish anglers in 2007
                 ranged from US \$15,000 to \$200,000 with an average
                 income of \$91,940 ($ n = 33$). Sixty-nine percent of
                 polled anglers indicated they had more than 26 years of
                 recreational fishing experience and 81\% had less than
                 10 years of experience targeting swordfish in South
                 Florida. Thirty-seven percent of surveyed anglers
                 indicated they departed from Port Everglades, Florida.
                 To target swordfish, anglers generally used five rods
                 and set their bait, commonly squid, at 91 m. Anglers
                 also indicated they changed their fishing tactics from
                 day to night, and took about five fishing trips per
                 month. Overall, anglers spent around \$14,210 on annual
                 costs associated with swordfishing, which was 16\% of
                 their annual income. Many polled anglers also reported
                 they were dissatisfied with the current swordfish
                 management regulations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Goncalves:2017:PIW,
  author =       "Renata Gon{\c{c}}alves and Maria Alexandra
                 Teod{\'o}sio and Joana Cruz and Radhouan Ben-Hamadou
                 and Ana Dulce Correia and Lu{\'\i}s Ch{\'\i}charo",
  title =        "Preliminary Insight into Winter Native Fish
                 Assemblages in {Guadiana Estuary} Salt Marshes Coping
                 with Environmental Variability and Non-Indigenous Fish
                 Introduction",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "19",
  day =          "26",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2040019",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/4/19",
  abstract =     "This work aims to undertake a preliminary
                 characterization of winter fish assemblages in the salt
                 marsh areas of Guadiana lower estuary (South-East
                 Portugal) and discusses the potential risks of habitat
                 dominance by a non-indigenous species (NIS). To this
                 effect, six field campaigns were carried out in four
                 sampling sites during winter season targeting the
                 collection of fish species. A total of 48 samples were
                 collected. Individuals from seven different taxa
                 (marine and estuarine) were collected, although the
                 assemblage was dominated by two estuarine species ---
                 the native Pomatoschistus sp. (goby) and the NIS
                 \bioname{Fundulus heteroclitus} (mummichog). Goby was
                 the most abundant taxa in the majority of salt marsh
                 habitats, except for one specific, marsh pool, where
                 extreme environmental conditions were registered,
                 namely high temperature and salinity. Such conditions
                 may have boosted the intrusion of mummichog in this
                 area. This species is well adapted to a wide range of
                 abiotic factors enabling them to colonize habitats
                 where no predators inhabit. Impacts of mummichog
                 introduction in the Guadiana salt marsh area are still
                 unpredictable since this is the first time they have
                 been recorded in such high density. Nevertheless, in
                 scenarios of increased anthropogenic pressure and,
                 consequently, habitat degradation, there is a potential
                 risk of mummichog spreading to other habitats and
                 therefore competing for space and food resources with
                 native species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Enyidi:2017:CVP,
  author =       "Uchechukwu D. Enyidi",
  title =        "\bioname{Chlorella vulgaris} as Protein Source in the
                 Diets of {African} Catfish \bioname{Clarias
                 gariepinus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "17",
  day =          "16",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2017",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes2040017",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/2/4/17",
  abstract =     "Plant proteins substitutes of fishmeal in aquafeed are
                 usually lacking in some essential amino acids and fatty
                 acids. The microalgae \bioname{Chlorella vulgaris} has
                 good-quality protein with amino acids rich in
                 methionine, lysine and alanine. Four novel diets having
                 C. vulgaris as the main source of protein were produced
                 for African catfish \bioname{Clarias gariepinus} with
                 an initial average weight of 1.09 \pm 0.05 g. The diets
                 were labeled Feed 1 (F1) to feed 4 (F4). The treatment
                 diets were included 25\% (F1), 15\% (F2), 5\% (F3) and
                 0\% (F4) green algae meal. The basal ingredients of the
                 feed were corn (maize) included as F1, 40\%, F2, 43\%,
                 F3, 53\% and F4, 43\%; and millet meal, which varied in
                 F1 as 23\%, F2, 30\%, F3, 30\% and F4, 30\%. The
                 ingredients were preconditioned at 110 \degree C and
                 pelleted. Post-fingerling African catfish were stocked
                 at 10 fish per aquarium. There were three replicate
                 aquariums for each feed type and the fish were fed for
                 60 d. The specific growth rate was best for the catfish
                 fed with 25\% C. vulgaris diet 7.86 \pm 0\% day \minus
                 1, and worst at 6.77 \pm 0.07\% day \minus 1 for the
                 control group F4, 0\% algal meal. The food conversion
                 ratio (FCR) was lowest (1.88 \pm 0.02) for 25\% algal
                 meal diet (F1) and highest (2.98 \pm 0.01) for the 0\%
                 algal meal diet F4. Similarly, catfish had average
                 weight gain of 121.02 \pm 0.04 g for those fed with F1
                 compared to 62.50 \pm 0.0 g for those fed with 0\%
                 algae F4. Protein efficiency ratio was highest for the
                 F1-fed fish (2.46 \pm 0.22) and lowest for those fed
                 with F4 (2.02 \pm 0.09). The hepatosomatic index was
                 lowest for F1-fed fish (1.48 \pm 0.01) and highest for
                 catfish fed with F4 (2.50 \pm 0.59). Based on the
                 results, C. vulgaris is a good protein source for
                 African catfish and can also substitute fishmeal in the
                 catfish diets.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sharda:2018:STS,
  author =       "Sakshi Sharda and Emmanuelle Argenti and Kay Lucek",
  title =        "On the Status of Threespine Stickleback
                 (\bioname{Gasterosteus aculeatus} {Linnaeus} 1758) in
                 {Lake Bracciano, Italy}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "17",
  day =          "15",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010017",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/17",
  abstract =     "For many species, the Mediterranean region harbors
                 distinct lineages that are of conservation concerns.
                 However, many of these are threatened by habitat
                 degradation and by the introduction of non-native
                 species. Here, we assess the status of the native
                 threespine stickleback (\bioname{Gasterosteus
                 aculeatus}) in the Lake Bracciano region in Italy,
                 where stickleback have been historically present.
                 During a dedicated sampling campaign in summer 2015,
                 surveying the potential habitats that sticklebacks
                 commonly occupy, we could not confirm the presence of
                 this species but found introduced species to be often
                 most abundant. Stickleback are thus likely to either
                 have become extinct over the last decades or be on the
                 verge to extinction in the Lake Bracciano region.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pasaribu:2018:ENT,
  author =       "Wesly Pasaribu and Sukenda Sukenda and Sri Nuryati",
  title =        "The Efficacy of \geoname{Nile} Tilapia ({Oreochromis}
                 niloticus) Broodstock and Larval Immunization against
                 \bioname{Streptococcus agalactiae} and
                 \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "16",
  day =          "07",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010016",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/16",
  abstract =     "\bioname{Streptococcus agalactiae} and
                 \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila} have been recognized as
                 the causative agents of mortality in tilapia larvae
                 with single infection and coinfection. The objective of
                 this study was to evaluate the efficacy of maternal
                 transfer and offspring protection from the immunization
                 of monovalent and bivalent vaccines on Nile tilapia
                 (\bioname{Oreochromis niloticus}) broodstock and larval
                 immunization. Four groups of broodstock were
                 intraperitoneally injected with formalin killed
                 whole-cells of S. agalactiae (Sa group), A. hydrophila
                 (Ah group), the bivalent mixed vaccine of them (Biv
                 group), and phosphate-buffered saline as a control (Pbs
                 group). Immunization of the larvae produced from
                 immunized broodstock with a bivalent vaccine (Biv1
                 group) and Pbs (Pbs1 group) was performed by immersion
                 at 20 days after hatch. Larvae produced from the Pbs
                 group were unvaccinated as the control (Pbs2 group).
                 Changes in the specific antibody and relative percent
                 survival were measured. The Sa and Ah groups that could
                 increase specific antibodies and protection against
                 pathogenic bacteria were challenged with the homologous
                 bacteria. The Biv group stimulated and protected
                 against both S. agalactiae and A. hydrophila. The
                 specific antibody of the Biv1 group was higher than the
                 Pbs1 and Pbs2 groups. The last observation in this
                 study showed that the relative percent survival of the
                 Biv group after challenged S. agalactiae, A.
                 hydrophila, and coinfection were 74.74 \pm 3.18\%,
                 73.81 \pm 8.58\%, and 71.48 \pm 5.70\%, respectively.
                 The use of bivalent vaccines on the broodstock and
                 larvae may be a strategy to reduce mortality in Nile
                 tilapia larvae caused by single pathogen infection of
                 S. agalactiae and A. hydrophila, or coinfection with
                 both S. agalactiae and \bioname{A. hydrophila}.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Das:2018:EFA,
  author =       "Mousumi Das and Ferdous Ibn Rahim and Md. Amzad
                 Hossain",
  title =        "Evaluation of Fresh \bioname{Azolla pinnata} as a
                 Low-Cost Supplemental Feed for {Thai} Silver Barb
                 \bioname{Barbonymus gonionotus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "15",
  day =          "05",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010015",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/15",
  abstract =     "Aquatic fern Azolla pinnata comprises significant high
                 food value with a good proportion of protein, vitamins,
                 and minerals. This study was carried out to examine the
                 effect of fresh A. pinnata as a substitution of
                 commercial fish feed (CFF) for Thai silver barb
                 Barbonymus gonionotus. Post fingerlings of B.
                 gonionotus were reared in five treatments, labeled T 1
                 to T 5, by substituting 0\%, 25\%, 50\%, 75\%, and
                 100\% protein of CFF with A. pinnata protein (dry
                 matter basis) respectively for 56 days. The specific
                 growth rate, net production rate, protein efficiency
                 ratio, proximate composition, and overall conditions of
                 fish were not significantly varied between the fish
                 reared completely with CFF and 25\% substitution with
                 A. pinnata. However, a significantly higher profit rate
                 (431.49 USD ha \minus 1 56 day \minus 1) was calculated
                 for fish reared in T 2 than other treatments. In
                 contrast, there was a significant reduction of growth
                 and other parameters of the fish that were observed in
                 the case where more than 25\% CFF was substituted with
                 A. pinnata. The poorest performance was observed in
                 fish fed completely with A. pinnata, at T 5. Based on
                 the results, 25\% of CFF of Thai silver barb could be
                 substituted with fresh A. pinnata without significantly
                 lowering their growth and product quality and could
                 contribute significant to a higher profit margin.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hossain:2018:ASC,
  author =       "Mohammad Y. Hossain and Robert L. {Vadas, Jr.} and
                 Ramon Ruiz-Carus and Shams M. Galib",
  title =        "{Amazon} Sailfin Catfish \bioname{Pterygoplichthys
                 pardalis} ({Loricariidae}) in {Bangladesh}: a Critical
                 Review of Its Invasive Threat to Native and Endemic
                 Aquatic Species",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "14",
  day =          "22",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010014",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/14",
  abstract =     "The Amazon sailfin catfish \bioname{Pterygoplichthys
                 pardalis} is native to the Amazon River basin. It has
                 since expanded its range to North America, the
                 Caribbean, and more recently to South Asia, as with
                 some of its congeners. Our paper reviews recent data
                 from Bangladesh, clarifies taxonomic identification,
                 and examines the potential effects of P. pardalis and
                 congeneric species on local aquatic ecosystems and
                 elsewhere in South Asia. Range expansions there
                 probably reflect aquarium releases and escapes from
                 aquaculture farms, as exacerbated by dispersal due to
                 storm flooding and in impacted waters like irrigation
                 canals. Given their potential ecosystem-level effects,
                 we also review potential control mechanisms and human
                 use for these invasive loricariids.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Asnicar:2018:SGE,
  author =       "Davide Asnicar and Giedr{\.e} A{\v{s}}monait{\.e} and
                 Lina Birgersson and Charlotta Kvarnemo and Ola Svensson
                 and Joachim Sturve",
  title =        "Sand Goby --- an Ecologically Relevant Species for
                 Behavioural Ecotoxicology",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "13",
  day =          "20",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010013",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/13",
  abstract =     "Locomotion-based behavioural endpoints have been
                 suggested as suitable sublethal endpoints for human and
                 environmental hazard assessment, as well as for
                 biomonitoring applications. Larval stages of the sand
                 goby (\bioname{Pomatoschistus minutus}) possess a
                 number of attractive qualities for experimental testing
                 that make it a promising species in behavioural
                 ecotoxicology. Here, we present a study aimed at
                 developing a toolkit for using the sand goby as novel
                 species for ecotoxicological studies and using
                 locomotion as an alternative endpoint in toxicity
                 testing. Exposure to three contaminants (copper (Cu),
                 di-butyl phthalate (DBP) and perfluorooctanoic acid
                 (PFOA)) was tested in the early life stages of the sand
                 goby and the locomotion patterns of the larvae were
                 quantified using an automatic tracking system. In a
                 photo-motor test, sand goby larvae displayed
                 substantially higher activity in light than in dark
                 cycles. Furthermore, all tested compounds exerted
                 behavioural alterations, such as hypo- and
                 hyperactivity. Our experimental results show that sand
                 goby larvae produce robust and quantifiable locomotive
                 responses, which could be used within an
                 ecotoxicological context for assessing the behavioural
                 toxicity of environmental pollutants, with particular
                 relevance in the Nordic region. This study thus
                 suggests that sand goby larvae have potential as an
                 environmentally relevant species for behavioural
                 ecotoxicology, and as such offer an alternative to
                 standard model species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pagliarulo:2018:GSS,
  author =       "Caterina Pagliarulo and Daniela Sateriale and Elisa
                 Scioscia and Nunziatina De Tommasi and Roberta
                 Colicchio and Chiara Pagliuca and Elena Scaglione and
                 Japo Jussila and Jenny Makkonen and Paola Salvatore and
                 Marina Paolucci",
  title =        "Growth, Survival and Spore Formation of the Pathogenic
                 Aquatic Oomycete \bioname{Aphanomyces astaci} and
                 Fungus \bioname{Fusarium avenaceum} Are Inhibited by
                 \bioname{Zanthoxylum rhoifolium} Bark Extracts In
                 Vitro",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "12",
  day =          "15",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010012",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/12",
  abstract =     "This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro activity of
                 Zanthoxylum rhoifolium bark (Zr-b) extracts against
                 pathogenic aquatic oomycete/fungal isolates that cause
                 different diseases in native European crayfish
                 resulting in an elevated mortality rate and severe
                 economic repercussions. n -hexane, chloroform,
                 chloroform--methanol (9:1) and methanol extracts of
                 Zr-b were used to evaluate the antifungal activity
                 against the strain UEF88662 of Aphanomyces astaci
                 (oomycete) and the strain SMM2 of Fusarium avenaceum
                 (fungus). The anti-oomycete and antifungal activity was
                 quantitatively evaluated by growth, survival and
                 sporulation microbiological assays. The extracts tested
                 demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on
                 oomycete and fungal growth and survival, as well as on
                 the production of oomycete and fungal spores. This work
                 presents alternatives for the treatment and prevention
                 of the spreading of \bioname{Aphanomyces astaci} and
                 Fusarium avenaceum, the etiological agents of the
                 diseases crayfish plague and brown spot disease,
                 respectively. The antifungal properties of Zanthoxylum
                 rhoifolium bark extracts warrant further research on
                 their use in the prevention and treatment of both
                 oomycete and fungal diseases. The antifungal properties
                 of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium bark extracts, shown in
                 vitro, indicate the possibility of their use in new
                 therapeutic and prophylactic strategies, providing
                 perspectives for the design of in vivo studies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Svendsen:2018:EHA,
  author =       "Morten Bo S{\o}ndergaard Svendsen and Nikolaj Reducha
                 Andersen and Per Juel Hansen and John Fleng
                 Steffensen",
  title =        "Effects of Harmful Algal Blooms on Fish: Insights from
                 \bioname{Prymnesium parvum}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "11",
  day =          "14",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010011",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/11",
  abstract =     "Blooms of the planktonic alga \bioname{Prymnesium
                 parvum} pose a global threat, causing fish kills
                 worldwide. Early studies on the exposure of fish to P.
                 parvum indicate that toxic effects are related to gill
                 damage. The more strictly defined concept of adverse
                 outcome pathways has been suggested as a replacement
                 for the mode of action in toxicology studies. In this
                 study, rainbow trout (Onchorhyncus mykiss) were exposed
                 to P. parvum. During exposure, oxygen consumption was
                 determined by respirometry, and ventilation and
                 coughing rate were determined via video surveillance.
                 Per breath oxygen consumption was calculated to assess
                 the ventilation effort to obtain a unit of oxygen. A
                 second experiment monitored fish behavior to assess
                 recovery. The results indicated that oxygen consumption
                 initially increased, but on average fell below the
                 standard oxygen consumption at 70\% relative exposure.
                 Being a function of ventilation frequency and oxygen
                 consumption, the per breath oxygen consumption
                 decreased throughout exposure. Behavioral results
                 determined that short-term P. parvum exposure
                 subsequently caused the exposed fish to seek flow
                 refuge immediately and to a greater extent than
                 unexposed fish. The adverse outcome pathway of P.
                 parvum on rainbow trout is that P. parvum acts as a
                 gill irritant resulting in non-recoverable respiratory
                 failure.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hushangi:2018:EPA,
  author =       "Ramtin Hushangi and Seyed Pezhman Hosseini Shekarabi",
  title =        "Effect of a Peracetic Acid-Based Disinfectant on
                 Growth, Hematology and Histology of Juvenile Rainbow
                 Trout (\bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "10",
  day =          "06",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010010",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/10",
  abstract =     "The effects of a peracetic acid-based disinfectant
                 product (Aquastart \circledR) were assessed on some
                 hematological parameters, histological aspects and skin
                 bacterial load of rainbow trout, likewise bacterial
                 load of the rearing tank water. A total of 180 healthy
                 rainbow trout weighing 124.65 \pm 10 g were divided
                 into two groups, each in three replicates in
                 flow-through tanks. First group was exposed to
                 Aquastart at 8.9 ppm for 30 min and second group was
                 considered as the control. The fish were then reared
                 for 60 days prior to sampling for hematological and
                 histological studies. The lowest bacterial load level
                 in both water columns and trout skin were observed in
                 the treated trout (p {$<$} 0.05). Meanwhile, no
                 significant impact on growth performance was recorded
                 between treated and control fish. The immunocompetent
                 cells population size in control fish were
                 significantly lower than treated fish (p {$<$} 0.05).
                 Histologically, no evidence of abnormality was seen in
                 the gills, kidney, and liver tissues of treated fish.
                 These results showed that application of Aquastart at
                 8.9 ppm is safe for use in flow-through tanks farming
                 rainbow trout.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Casado:2018:ASG,
  author =       "Francisco Casado and Santiago Casado and Diana
                 Ceballos-Francisco and Mar{\'\i}a {\'A}ngeles Esteban",
  title =        "Assessment of the Scales of Gilthead Seabream
                 (\bioname{Sparus aurata} {L.}) by Image Analysis and
                 Atomic Force Microscopy",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "9",
  day =          "30",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010009",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/9",
  abstract =     "Understanding the protective role of fish skin is
                 critical to improving the development of aquaculture,
                 since skin is the main surface that separates the
                 animal from its always hazardous environment. Many
                 techniques have been used for its study, but certain
                 structural characteristics of fish skin still remain
                 not clearly understood. That is the case with scales,
                 which have always been attributed a mere protective
                 role, but which are proving to have more functions than
                 it was traditionally thought. To acquire a deeper
                 knowledge, scales from six different regions of
                 gilthead seabream (\bioname{Sparus aurata} {L.}) were
                 studied and measured by image analysis. Results prove
                 that scales from the base of the dorsal fin are larger
                 than those in other parts of the fish body while scales
                 from the peduncle are the smallest of the skin.
                 Furthermore, a technique relatively new in this field,
                 known as atomic force microscopy (AFM), was used to
                 obtain representations of the ultrastructure of the
                 scales and measure certain features such as the circuli
                 and the lines in the basal layer. The data obtained
                 allowed us to compare the height of circuli among the
                 different scales, showing that they were higher in
                 scales from the dorsum and the operculum. The present
                 results introduce a nanostructural model of the scales
                 of gilthead seabream that might serve as a useful
                 guideline for future studies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Martinez:2018:HKT,
  author =       "Danixa Mart{\'\i}nez and Juan Pablo Pontigo and
                 Francisco J. Morera and Alejandro. Ya{\~n}{\'e}z and
                 Luis Vargas-Chacoff",
  title =        "Head Kidney Transcriptome Analysis and
                 Characterization for the Sub-{Antarctic} Notothenioid
                 Fish \bioname{Eleginops maclovinus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "8",
  day =          "25",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010008",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/8",
  abstract =     "This study describes de novo transcriptome sequencing
                 and annotation analyses for the head kidney of the
                 sub-Antarctic notothenioid fish \bioname{Eleginops
                 maclovinus}, a sister group of the Antarctic
                 notothenioid fish clade. Moreover, E. maclovinus is one
                 of the most eurythermal and euryhaline representatives
                 of the Notothenioidei suborder. RNA-seq data were
                 generated by the 454 GS Junior system, resulting in
                 11,207 contigs that were then assembled by the Genomic
                 Workbench CLC software. The transcriptome was annotated
                 by BLASTing each sequence against the universal,
                 non-redundant NCBI database (National Center for
                 Biotechnology Information) using the AUSTRAL-omics
                 computer cluster. A significant number of transcripts
                 related to innate and adaptive immunity were found in
                 the sequences, which could be used as references in
                 future immunological studies in E. maclovinus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Office:2018:ARF,
  author =       "Fishes Editorial Office",
  title =        "Acknowledgement to Reviewers of {{\booktitle{Fishes}}}
                 in 2017",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "7",
  day =          "25",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010007",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/7",
  abstract =     "This study describes de novo transcriptome sequencing
                 and annotation analyses for the head kidney of the
                 sub-Antarctic notothenioid fish \bioname{Eleginops
                 maclovinus}, a sister group of the Antarctic
                 notothenioid fish clade. Moreover, E. maclovinus is one
                 of the most eurythermal and euryhaline representatives
                 of the Notothenioidei suborder. RNA-seq data were
                 generated by the 454 GS Junior system, resulting in
                 11,207 contigs that were then assembled by the Genomic
                 Workbench CLC software. The transcriptome was annotated
                 by BLASTing each sequence against the universal,
                 non-redundant NCBI database (National Center for
                 Biotechnology Information) using the AUSTRAL-omics
                 computer cluster. A significant number of transcripts
                 related to innate and adaptive immunity were found in
                 the sequences, which could be used as references in
                 future immunological studies in E. maclovinus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gonzalez-Silvera:2018:EDT,
  author =       "Daniel Gonzalez-Silvera and Marcelino Herrera and
                 Inmaculada Gir{\'a}ldez and Mar{\'\i}a {\'A}ngeles
                 Esteban",
  title =        "Effects of the Dietary Tryptophan and Aspartate on the
                 Immune Response of Meagre (\bioname{Argyrosomus
                 regius}) after Stress",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6",
  day =          "24",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010006",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/6",
  abstract =     "Stress is one of the main problems of farmed fish,
                 where it has been seen to result in a variety of
                 disorders and negative effects. It is considered very
                 important to minimize such effects and one option is
                 the use of dietary additives. In the present
                 experiment, meagre (\bioname{Argyrosomus regius})
                 specimens were fed three different diets: a control
                 diet consisting of a commercial feed, a
                 tryptophan-supplemented diet and an
                 aspartate-supplemented diet. For each diet, fish were
                 divided into three subgroups: non-stressed (resting),
                 exposed to crowding or air-exposed. Just before the
                 stress, and one and six hours post-stress, serum
                 samples were taken to study several immune parameters
                 (protease, antiprotease, peroxidase and lysozyme) and
                 the bactericidal activity against three fish-pathogenic
                 bacteria (Vibrio angillarum, \bioname{V. harveyi} and
                 \bioname{Photobacterium damselae} subsp. piscicida).
                 The results demonstrated that feeding the animals with
                 the supplemented diets modulates the seric immune
                 parameters, particularly when animals were stressed by
                 air exposure.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Angradi:2018:FOR,
  author =       "Ted R. Angradi",
  title =        "A Field Observation of Rotational Feeding by
                 \bioname{Neogobius melanostomus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "5",
  day =          "22",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010005",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/5",
  abstract =     "Neogobius melanostomus, the round goby, was recorded
                 by underwater video feeding on crushed dreissenid
                 mussels at a depth of 12 m in Georgian Bay of Lake
                 Huron, a Laurentian Great Lake. In the video, gobies
                 used rotational or twist feeding to tear away particles
                 from crushed mussels. At least 43 examples of this
                 feeding maneuver occur in the video. Up to 120 gobies m
                 \minus 2 were visible at a time in the video. Mean
                 standard length of gobies appearing in the video was 37
                 mm. Mean standard length of fish exhibiting twist
                 feeding was larger, 48 mm. Mean size of intact mussels
                 in visible clusters was about 10 $ \times $ 20 mm, a
                 size which exceeds the gape width of the largest gobies
                 observed in the video. \bioname{Neogobius melanostomus}
                 is known to use twisting to wrest small attached
                 mussels from the substrates which can be crushed by
                 their pharyngeal teeth. I surmise that the behavior
                 observed in the video is an opportunistic manifestation
                 of this inherent behavioral adaptation to overcome gap
                 limitation and exploit a temporary windfall of food.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Goncalves:2018:PEM,
  author =       "Rui A. Gon{\c{c}}alves and Marco Tarasco and Dian
                 Schatzmayr and Paulo Gavaia",
  title =        "Preliminary Evaluation of Moniliformin as a Potential
                 Threat for Teleosts",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "4",
  day =          "16",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010004",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/4",
  abstract =     "Aquaculture feed manufacturers and producers
                 increasingly recognize the importance of mycotoxins,
                 which contaminate plant-based meals used in compound
                 aquafeeds, and their potential to negatively impact
                 production. Though data on the worldwide occurrence of
                 legislated mycotoxins e.g., trichothecenes and
                 zearalenone (ZEN) are well documented, relatively
                 little information is available regarding other
                 mycotoxins also produced by Fusarium, notably
                 moniliformin (MON). Given that MON is known to affect
                 the survival, growth, skeletal formation and bone
                 mineralization in terrestrial species, its widespread
                 occurrence on maize and maize by-products typically
                 used in aquaculture makes it relevant to study these
                 parameters in teleost fish. In the present work we have
                 tested the effect of MON exposure on survival, bone
                 development and mineralization using zebrafish
                 (\bioname{Danio rerio}) as a model species and fish
                 derived osteo-chondroprogenitor cell line for in vitro
                 studies. Moniliformin exposure did not decrease bone
                 mineralization in zebrafish larvae or extracellular
                 matrix mineralization in the mineralogenic cell line
                 VSa13. Here, the minimal in vitro cytotoxicity
                 concentration was found to be 1000 $ \mu $ g L \minus 1
                 MON. Incidence of deformities was also not altered by
                 MON at the concentration tested (450 $ \mu $ g L \minus
                 1) although larval growth was affected, as shown by a
                 decrease in the standard length of exposed specimens at
                 20 days post fertilization. Survival decreased
                 significantly in larvae exposed to MON concentrations
                 higher than 900 \mu g L \minus 1. Influence of MON on
                 survival and growth might be relevant for aquaculture
                 industry. As MON is a water-soluble mycotoxin, its
                 leaching from feed is highly probable, so MON
                 assimilation into the surrounding aqueous environment
                 should also be considered. Tested levels in fish larvae
                 are within the reported occurrence levels of MON in
                 commercial feed and plant meals.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Esteves:2018:OPC,
  author =       "Eduardo Esteves and Jaime An{\'\i}bal",
  title =        "Optimization of Processing Conditions of Traditional
                 Cured Tuna Loins --- Muxama",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "3",
  day =          "09",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010003",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/3",
  abstract =     "Muxama is a traditional highly-valued food product
                 prepared from dry-cured tuna loins in southern Portugal
                 and Spain. The production procedure has seen little
                 change over the last centuries. The muxama's stability
                 is due to reduced water activity. In addition, the
                 drying method has secondary effects on characteristics
                 of flavor, color, and the nutritional value of the
                 product. Our objectives were to describe the dynamics
                 of important physicochemical parameters such as
                 moisture content, water activity (a W), NaCl
                 concentration (as water--phase salt, Z NaCl), pH and
                 color, during the salting and drying stages of muxama
                 production, and to test the effect(s) of changes in the
                 traditional processing conditions followed in southern
                 Portugal, aiming at optimizing the production
                 procedure. The lowest values of moisture and a W and
                 highest Z NaCl obtained after drying tuna loins for
                 seven days at 20 \degree C exceeded the values reported
                 for commercial products and have impact on the
                 appearance (color) of the product. Therefore, drying
                 tuna loins at lower temperatures (ca. 14 \degree C) is
                 probably more appropriate. The results obtained in this
                 study could be used in the design of future experiments
                 at other conditions and to assess other quality
                 parameters, e.g., total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N),
                 thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBA-RS),
                 microorganism abundance and sensory attributes, and
                 subsequent validation trials.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xenarios:2018:IRP,
  author =       "Stefanos Xenarios and Henrique Queiroga and Ana I.
                 Lilleb{\o} and Ana Aleixo",
  title =        "Introducing a Regulatory Policy Framework of Bait
                 Fishing in {European} Coastal Lagoons: the Case of {Ria
                 de Aveiro in Portugal}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "2",
  day =          "05",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010002",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/2",
  abstract =     "The harvesting of bait through digging in coastal
                 mudflats is practiced for recreational and commercial
                 purposes in European coastal systems including the Ria
                 de Aveiro coastal lagoon on the northwest Atlantic
                 coast of Portugal. The scale of harvesting in the Ria
                 de Aveiro has recently increased due to the current
                 economic climate in Portugal, with targeting of the
                 polychaete, \bioname{Diopatra neapolitana} species or
                 ``casulo'' as it is widely known in the Aveiro region.
                 The national authorities have attempted to control
                 casulo digging by issuing a regulation (Ordinance) in
                 2014 on the maximum daily catch limit to be caught by
                 each individual. The daily catch limit is intended to
                 represent the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) for
                 casulo beyond which overfishing will occur. The
                 monitoring of the regulatory measures is expected to be
                 conducted through on-site inspections in the digging
                 areas. However, weak law enforcement was noticed, while
                 there is also controversy over the daily catch limit
                 (quota) stipulated by the Ordinance. To this end, the
                 current study attempted to assess digging activities
                 through remote monitoring and random inspections for a
                 better policy enforcement of the national regulation.
                 In addition, different harvesting scenarios were
                 employed through a simplified bioeconomic model to
                 attribute the current and future harvesting trends of
                 bait digging in Aveiro coastal lagoon. The study
                 findings indicate that remote monitoring coupled with
                 some onsite interviews could be a more effective
                 approach for the implementation of the current bait
                 digging policy. Further, the results point to a
                 distinctive discrepancy between the daily catch amount
                 (MSY) introduced by the national legislation and the
                 study findings which should be further scrutinized. The
                 diggers seem to have reached the sustainable harvest
                 identified by the present research. The current
                 economic hardship in Portugal and the low profitability
                 in similar employment sectors will possibly attract
                 more diggers and increase harvesting in the near
                 future. An increased harvest would likely trigger
                 overfishing of D. neapolitana with unknown consequences
                 for the population of the species as well as the
                 aquatic ecosystem. The socio-economic and environmental
                 effects are yet to be further clarified with more
                 detailed data and advanced modeling techniques to
                 ensure the sustainability of the activity.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Takase:2018:CIG,
  author =       "Mai Takase and Hideki Ushio",
  title =        "Changes in Intestinal Gene Expression of Zebrafish
                 (\bioname{Danio rerio}) Related to Sterol Uptake and
                 Excretion upon $ \beta $-Sitosterol Administration",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1",
  day =          "04",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010001",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:20 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/1/1",
  abstract =     "Replacement of fishmeal with plant ingredients will
                 introduce not only plant oil and protein but also
                 phytosterol to the fish diet. Mammals strictly restrict
                 the uptake of phytosterol at intestinal epithelial
                 cells by regulating the gene expressions of sterol
                 uptake and excretion proteins; however, phytosterol is
                 found in the fish muscle and other organs. In order to
                 assess the ability of phytosterol uptake by the
                 intestinal epithelial cells of fish, no-sterol diet,
                 cholesterol-, and \beta -sitosterol-containing diet was
                 separately administered to zebrafish, and the relative
                 mRNA expressions related to sterol uptake and excretion
                 were evaluated. Gene expression of Niemann-Pick C1-like
                 protein 1 in the sitosterol-fed group was significantly
                 higher than that of the cholesterol-fed group (p {$<$}
                 0.05). The expression of apolipoprotein A-I gene was
                 also higher in the sitosterol-fed group than that in
                 the no-sterol and cholesterol-fed groups. The
                 expressions of ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G,
                 member 5 and 8, were significantly higher in the
                 sitosterol-fed group, compared to the no-sterol group.
                 Regarding the gene expression of ATP-binding cassette
                 sub-family A, member 1, the sitosterol-fed group showed
                 higher expression level compared to the other groups (p
                 {$<$} 0.01). These results suggest that fish should be
                 tolerant to phytosterols in contrast to mammals.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Valero:2018:IEI,
  author =       "Yulema Valero and Alberto Cuesta and Matteo Cammarata
                 and Mar{\'\i}a Angeles Esteban and Elena Chaves-Pozo",
  title =        "Immune-Endocrine Interactions in the Fish Gonad during
                 Infection: an Open Door to Vertical Transmission",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "24",
  day =          "13",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3020024",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/2/24",
  abstract =     "The interaction between the immune and endocrine
                 systems has long been recognized in vertebrates. In
                 fish, it is known that the prevalence and intensity of
                 such infections are higher in males than in females and
                 probably related to sex steroid hormone levels. In
                 addition, the immune response in the fish gonad tissues
                 is specifically regulated to prevent infertility. This
                 condition is used by some pathogens to colonize the
                 fish gonad, evade the systemic immune response, and so
                 spread to the progeny. This review brings up to date
                 our knowledge concerning fish gonad immunity and its
                 regulation, immune-endocrine interactions, and how some
                 pathogens use this tissue to spread to the progeny
                 through vertical transmission. More specifically, we
                 will look at the case of the European sea bass and
                 nodavirus (NNV). Sea bass is a very susceptible fish
                 species to NNV infections, and this virus has been
                 associated to vertical transmission since it is
                 detected in gonad fluids as well as in testicular
                 gametes. In fact, sea bass immunity in the gonad is
                 regulated in a very different way to other target
                 tissues (brain and retina) or immune-relevant tissues
                 (head-kidney or spleen).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mensoor:2018:DHM,
  author =       "Montazer Mensoor and Ali Said",
  title =        "Determination of Heavy Metals in Freshwater Fishes of
                 the {Tigris River in Baghdad}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "23",
  day =          "13",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3020023",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/2/23",
  abstract =     "The presence of heavy metals in freshwater fish
                 represents a global public health issue. The current
                 study aimed to determine the heavy metal concentration
                 and toxicity in some freshwater fish species collected
                 from the Tigris River in Baghdad. Out of the many fish
                 species in Iraq, the current study selected the Genus
                 Barbus as it represents the most popular fish food in
                 Iraq. The sample included twenty fishes and the
                 selected sample locations covered two industrial areas
                 in Baghdad (one north of Baghdad and one south of
                 Baghdad). The levels of heavy metals were determined by
                 using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The
                 results showed that concentrations of heavy metals in
                 the sampled fishes exceeded the acceptable levels for
                 food sources for human consumption. The results of this
                 study showed high levels of cadmium and chromium levels
                 in the tissues of the selected fish sample. Cd and Cr
                 were among the highest concentrations and both exceeded
                 the World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture
                 Organization of the United Nations acceptable levels
                 for heavy metals in fishes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hasan:2018:RBP,
  author =       "Tajmira Hasan and Md. Foysul Hossain and Md. Mamun and
                 Md. Jahangir Alam and Mohammad Abdus Salam and S. M.
                 Rafiquzzaman",
  title =        "Reproductive Biology of \bioname{Puntius sophore} in
                 {Bangladesh}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "22",
  day =          "11",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3020022",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/2/22",
  abstract =     "Pool barb (\bioname{Puntius sophore}) is an important
                 small indigenous species of Bangladesh, belonging to
                 the family Cyprinidae of the order Cypriniformes. The
                 main objectives of the present study were to identify
                 the breeding season of Pool barb through observation of
                 the gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity, oocytes
                 diameter, and gonadal histology of the species. GSI was
                 calculated and fecundity was determined by the
                 gravimetric method. Interestingly, the highest value of
                 GSI was 15.43 \pm 2.20 for the month of April at
                 Gazipur while it was 15.60 \pm 1.74 in June for
                 Jessore. In Gazipur, the highest fecundity (5053 \pm
                 878.27) was recorded in the month of April and the
                 highest fecundity (5433 \pm 968.26) was recorded in the
                 month of June for Jessore. Histology of the ovary of
                 Pool barb shows the presence of early and late
                 perinucleolar stage of oocytes during March indicating
                 immature oocyte. Histological data revealed that the
                 spawning season of Pool barb starts from March to July
                 with a peak during April to May for Gazipur region and
                 May to July for Jessore region. Finally, these results
                 can be concluded that breeding season may vary from
                 region to region due to environmental as well as other
                 factors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ivanova:2018:WTU,
  author =       "Lada Ivanova and Haitham Tartor and S{\o}ren Grove and
                 Anja B. Kristoffersen and Silvio Uhlig",
  title =        "Workflow for the Targeted and Untargeted Detection of
                 Small Metabolites in Fish Skin Mucus",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "21",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3020021",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/2/21",
  abstract =     "The skin mucus of fish is in permanent contact with
                 the aquatic environment. Data from the analysis of the
                 chemical composition of skin mucus could potentially be
                 used for monitoring the health status of the fish.
                 Knowledge about mucus composition or change in
                 composition over time could also contribute to
                 understanding the aetiology of certain diseases. The
                 objective of the present study was the development of a
                 workflow for non-invasive sampling of skin mucus from
                 farmed salmon (\bioname{Salmo salar}) for the targeted
                 and untargeted detection of small metabolites. Skin
                 mucus was either scraped off, wiped off using medical
                 wipes, or the mucus' water phase was absorbed using the
                 same type of medical wipes that was used for the wiping
                 method. Following a simple filtration step, the
                 obtained mucus samples were subjected to hydrophilic
                 interaction chromatography coupled to high-resolution
                 mass spectrometry. Post-acquisition processing included
                 the targeted analysis of 86 small metabolites, of which
                 up to 60 were detected in absorbed mucus. Untargeted
                 analysis of the mucus samples from equally treated
                 salmon revealed that the total variation of the
                 metabolome was lowest in absorbed mucus and highest in
                 the scraped mucus. Thus, future studies including
                 small-molecule metabolomics of skin mucus in fish would
                 benefit from a sampling regime employing absorption of
                 the water phase in order to minimize the bias related
                 to the sampling step. Furthermore, the absorption
                 method is also a less invasive approach allowing for
                 repetitive sampling within short time intervals.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Grano-Maldonado:2018:TSU,
  author =       "Mayra I. Grano-Maldonado and Juan Moreno-Navas and
                 Maria Amparo Rodriguez-Santiago",
  title =        "Transmission Strategies Used by \bioname{Gyrodactylus
                 gasterostei} ({Monogenea}) on Its Host, the
                 Three-Spined Stickleback \bioname{Gasterosteus
                 aculeatus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "20",
  day =          "29",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3020020",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/2/20",
  abstract =     "The monogenean Gyrodactylus gasterostei and its host,
                 the three-spined stickleback \bioname{Gasterosteus
                 aculeatus}, were employed as a model system to
                 investigate the influence of gyrodactylid maturity on
                 host transfer. Laboratory experiments included the
                 determination of maturity (presence of a male
                 copulatory organ) and reproductive status (presence of
                 a daughter parasite) of the transmitting worms.
                 Parasites with a male copulatory organ were more likely
                 to abandon the host and attempt a host transfer.
                 Additionally, in vivo video observation suggested that
                 detached worms employ water turbulence to assist their
                 effective transfer onto a new host.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Arndt:2018:SEM,
  author =       "Erik Arndt and Or Givan and Dor Edelist and Oren Sonin
                 and Jonathan Belmaker",
  title =        "Shifts in {Eastern Mediterranean} Fish Communities:
                 Abundance Changes, Trait Overlap, and Possible
                 Competition between Native and Non-Native Species",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "19",
  day =          "20",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3020019",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/2/19",
  abstract =     "During the last few decades the fish community has
                 changed substantially along the Eastern Mediterranean
                 continental shelf, which is a hotspot of invasion by
                 species that had migrated via the Suez Canal. Trawl
                 data from the Israeli coast spanning two periods
                 (1990--1994 and 2008--2011) were compared to identify
                 species with substantial variation in their relative
                 abundance between the two periods. The aim of this
                 study was to examine if certain ecological traits
                 characterize fish species showing an increase or
                 decrease in relative abundance, and if non-indigenous
                 fishes with strongly increasing populations may have
                 caused the decline of native species with similar
                 habitats and diets. We found that the main predictors
                 of population trends were species length, habitat
                 affinity, and maximum depth, with larger and soft
                 bottom species displaying decreasing abundances.
                 Comparing native and non-indigenous fishes with similar
                 habitat and diet, we found a potential for competitive
                 impact of the Indo-Pacific \bioname{Plotosus lineatus}
                 and two Upeneus spp. on the native Mullus species.
                 However, competition with non-indigenous fishes could
                 not generally explain the dramatic decline of many
                 other native species between the two study periods.
                 Alternative causes, such as fishery pressure and
                 increasing water temperature, are discussed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Moyano:2018:ESI,
  author =       "Francisco Javier Moyano",
  title =        "Editorial for the Special Issue on Nutritional
                 Requirements in New Fish Species under Culture",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "18",
  day =          "23",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3020018",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/2/18",
  abstract =     "The worldwide interest in developing the culture of
                 nonconventional fish species determines the need to
                 increase knowledge in different aspects of their basic
                 physiology, as well as in the application of such
                 information into practical protocols to be used in
                 their feeding, reproduction, and general handling
                 \ldots{}",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lindseth:2018:USM,
  author =       "Adelaide V. Lindseth and Phillip S. Lobel",
  title =        "Underwater Soundscape Monitoring and Fish
                 Bioacoustics: a Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "36",
  day =          "12",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030036",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/36",
  abstract =     "Soundscape ecology is a rapidly growing field with
                 approximately 93\% of all scientific articles on this
                 topic having been published since 2010 (total about 610
                 publications since 1985). Current acoustic technology
                 is also advancing rapidly, enabling new devices with
                 voluminous data storage and automatic signal detection
                 to define sounds. Future uses of passive acoustic
                 monitoring (PAM) include biodiversity assessments,
                 monitoring habitat health, and locating spawning
                 fishes. This paper provides a review of ambient sound
                 and soundscape ecology, fish acoustic monitoring,
                 current recording and sampling methods used in
                 long-term PAM, and parameters/metrics used in acoustic
                 data analysis.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jerez:2018:SIF,
  author =       "Salvador Jerez and Ioannis Fakriadis and Maria
                 Papadaki and M. Virginia Mart{\'\i}n and Juana Rosa
                 Cejas and Constantinos C. Mylonas",
  title =        "Spawning Induction of First-Generation ({F1}) Greater
                 Amberjack \bioname{Seriola dumerili} in the {Canary
                 Islands, Spain} Using {GnRHa} Delivery Systems",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "35",
  day =          "05",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030035",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/35",
  abstract =     "The development of a sustainable aquaculture industry
                 requires the closing of the life-cycle of a potential
                 species in captivity, and the establishment of breeding
                 selection programs using hatchery-produced breeding
                 stocks. The greater amberjack \bioname{Seriola
                 dumerili} is a cosmopolitan pelagic species that has
                 been considered as a good candidate for the species
                 diversification of aquaculture production in the
                 Mediterranean region. However, commercial production is
                 still very limited due to bottlenecks in reproduction,
                 larval rearing and management control during grow out.
                 The aim of the present study was to examine the
                 reproductive development of hatchery-produced greater
                 amberjack and to develop a spawning induction protocol
                 based on the use of gonadotropin releasing hormone
                 agonist (GnRHa) in a controlled-release delivery
                 system. The results showed that hatchery-produced
                 greater amberjack undergo normal gametogenesis and can
                 be induced to undergo maturation, ovulation and
                 spawning after multiple administrations of GnRHa
                 implants, over an extended spawning period lasting from
                 May to September in the Canary Islands, Spain. The use
                 of GnRHa-delivery systems resulted in multiple spawns
                 of fertilized and viable eggs. Egg production was high
                 and egg quality adequate for the implementation of
                 larval rearing for commercial purposes. The handling
                 required to administer the GnRHa implants during the
                 prolonged spawning season did not result in any
                 negative effect on the welfare and reproductive
                 performance of the fish based on evaluation of several
                 biochemical parameters. The developed reproduction
                 control method shows great potential to advance the
                 commercial production of greater amberjack, by enabling
                 the use of hatchery-produced broodstocks for further
                 breeding selection.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Barragan-Mendez:2018:AEC,
  author =       "Cristina Barrag{\'a}n-M{\'e}ndez and Fini
                 S{\'a}nchez-Garc{\'\i}a and Ignacio Sobrino and Juan
                 Miguel Mancera and Ignacio Ruiz-Jarabo",
  title =        "Air Exposure in Catshark (\bioname{Scyliorhinus
                 canicula}) Modify Muscle Texture Properties: a Pilot
                 Study",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "34",
  day =          "04",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030034",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/34",
  abstract =     "Sharks are captured by tons for human consumption.
                 Improving the quality of their meat will produce
                 fillets that may have a higher economic value in the
                 market, and thus be beneficial for the management of
                 this fishery. In other animal species destined for
                 human consumption, a negative relationship between
                 pre-slaughtering stress and meat quality has been
                 demonstrated. By studying the commercial small-spotted
                 catshark (\bioname{Scyliorhinus canicula}), this work
                 aimed at linking pre-slaughter handling of captured
                 sharks and muscle fillets quality. An experimental
                 group of adult and subadult living catsharks captured
                 by hand and exposed to air (for 18 min, which is the
                 minimum time this species is exposed to air in the
                 fishing deck during fisheries procedures), and an
                 undisturbed group, were evaluated. After air exposure,
                 catsharks returned to water for recovery. Muscle
                 lactate and water content were quantified after acute
                 exposure (for 18 min), 5 h and 24 h. This challenge
                 elicited stress responses in the muscle such as
                 increased lactate levels and immediate dehydration,
                 followed by recovery of lactate levels and
                 overhydration. Muscle consistency, a relevant variable
                 describing quality of seafood according to its ability
                 to be swallowed by the consumer, paralleled muscle
                 water content changes. The results indicated for the
                 first time that handling alive sharks exposed to air
                 results in muscle fillets with different texture
                 properties. Whether these changes in muscle texture
                 induce higher quality fillets has yet to be proven. Our
                 recommendation is to minimize time of air exposure
                 experienced by sharks when captured, including fast
                 slaughtering instead of leaving them to die by
                 asphyxia, as current on-board procedures.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jahangiri:2018:APW,
  author =       "Ladan Jahangiri and Mar{\'\i}a {\'A}ngeles Esteban",
  title =        "Administration of Probiotics in the Water in Finfish
                 Aquaculture Systems: a Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "33",
  day =          "22",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030033",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/33",
  abstract =     "Over the last few decades, the contribution of
                 aquaculture to animal protein production has increased
                 enormously, and the sector now provides almost half of
                 the fish and shellfish consumed worldwide, making it a
                 major food producer. Nevertheless, many factors,
                 including infections, pollution, and stress, may result
                 in significant economic losses. The aquaculture
                 industry will not be totally successful without the
                 therapeutic and preventive means to control all these
                 factors. Antibiotics (long used in aquaculture
                 practice) have tended to aggravate the problem by
                 increasing antibiotic resistance. Concomitantly,
                 probiotics have widely been suggested as eco-friendly
                 alternatives to antibiotics. However, the way in which
                 probiotics are applied in aquaculture is a key factor
                 in their favorable performance. The aim of this review
                 was to examine the current state of probiotics
                 administration through the water in finfish
                 aquaculture. The review also attempts to cover the
                 research gaps existing in our knowledge of this
                 administration mode, and to suggest the issues that
                 need to be investigated in greater depth.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Majumdar:2018:CPM,
  author =       "Bhaskar Chandra Majumdar and Faria Afrin and Md. Golam
                 Rasul and Dinesh Chandra Shaha and A. K. M. Azad Shah",
  title =        "Changes in Physicochemical, Microbiological, and
                 Sensory Properties of Sun-Dried \bioname{Mystus
                 vittatus} During Storage at Ambient Temperature",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "32",
  day =          "20",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030032",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/32",
  abstract =     "The objective of this study was to investigate the
                 changes in physicochemical, microbiological, and
                 sensory properties of sun-dried Mystus vittatus during
                 storage at ambient temperature. The fish was dried
                 under sun exposure on bamboo mats for 5--6 days until
                 the moisture content reduced to approximately 10--15\%.
                 The dried fish was then packed into airtight
                 polyethylene bags and stored at ambient temperature (24
                 to 29 {$^\circ $}C) for 90 days. The physical and
                 sensory properties revealed that the dried fish was
                 acceptable for human consumption for up to 60 days. The
                 pH value slightly decreased from 6.42 to 5.95 during
                 the storage period. The moisture content increased
                 significantly (p {$<$} 0.05), while no significant
                 difference was observed for the protein, lipid, and ash
                 contents (on a dry matter basis) with the increase in
                 the storage time. The peroxide value, acid value, and
                 conjugated dienes of the lipids increased significantly
                 during the storage period. The microbial load also
                 increased with the increase in the storage period. The
                 results of this study suggest that the product was
                 slightly oxidized during the storage period and could
                 be stored for up to two months.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Midway:2018:IGE,
  author =       "Stephen R. Midway and Andrew Ostrowski and Lindsey
                 West and Mario Hernandez and Matthew D. Robertson",
  title =        "Improved Growth Estimates for \bioname{Lethrinus
                 harak}: Measuring Increments, Adjusting Ages, and
                 Fitting Flexible Growth Models",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "31",
  day =          "14",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030031",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/31",
  abstract =     "Thumbprint emperor (Lethrinus harak) are a widely
                 distributed, tropical species ranging throughout the
                 Indo-Pacific region. In coastal Tanzania, overfishing
                 is likely occurring and thumbprint emperor are commonly
                 represented in catches. The goal of this study was to
                 estimate age and growth to provide basic life history
                 information that may help inform future management. We
                 sampled a total of n = 55 thumbprint emperors from both
                 fishery-dependent and fishery-independent sources.
                 Annular age estimates were improved with measurements
                 of otolith markings. Fish ages ranged from zero to five
                 years. We also evaluated the addition of otolith edge
                 size (a proxy for fractional age) to age estimation,
                 and fit two von Bertalanffy growth models---one for the
                 whole ages and one for the fractional ages---using a
                 flexible Bayesian framework. Growth parameters were
                 similar between the two models, and ultimately, L
                 {\infty} (maximum asymptotic size parameter) estimates
                 were comparable to other published values for the
                 species, although our estimates of K (growth
                 coefficient parameter) were smaller. Robust aging
                 techniques for tropical fishes can provide a foundation
                 for basic fishery management, which would help to
                 sustain the future of this widely distributed fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kampouris:2018:FRC,
  author =       "Thodoros E. Kampouris and Debora Milenkova and Ioannis
                 E. Batjakas",
  title =        "On the Finding of the Rare Crab \bioname{Paragalene
                 longicrura} ({Nardo}, 1868) ({Crustacea, Decapoda,
                 Brachyura, Progeryonidae}) from {Thermaikos Gulf,
                 Northwest Aegean Sea, Greece}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "30",
  day =          "08",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030030",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/30",
  abstract =     "The finding of a rare crab, Paragalene longicrura, is
                 herein recorded from Thermaikos Gulf. This constitutes
                 the northmost record of the species in Greek waters.
                 The species is only known from sporadic records in the
                 eastern Mediterranean basin. Ecological remarks on the
                 habitat of P. longicrura and other decapod species are
                 described for the first time for the Mediterranean.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Simeon:2018:IAS,
  author =       "Benaya Meitasari Simeon and Efin Muttaqin and Ulfah
                 Mardhiah and Muhammad Ichsan and Dharmadi and Andhika
                 Prima Prasetyo and Fahmi and Irfan Yulianto",
  title =        "Increasing Abundance of Silky Sharks in the {Eastern
                 Indian Ocean}: Good News or a Reason to be Cautious?",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "29",
  day =          "18",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030029",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/29",
  abstract =     "The silky shark (\bioname{Carcharhinus falciformis})
                 is the most common shark landed in Indonesian waters,
                 including in the Indian Ocean. However, even though
                 they are frequently caught, there is a lack of
                 information on the population and abundance of silky
                 sharks in the Indian Ocean. Cilacap and Tanjung Luar
                 are two of Indonesia's shark fishery hotspots, both
                 located on the edge of the Indian Ocean, which is a
                 part of the Indonesian Fisheries Management Area (FMA)
                 573. The fishers from both places usually have fishing
                 grounds in that particular fisheries management area.
                 This research aims to update the abundance, and to
                 investigate the factors, which influence catches of
                 silky shark in the FMA 573 based on monthly enumeration
                 during 2015--2016. This study found that standardized
                 catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) or abundance indices of
                 silky shark in the Indonesian FMA 573 increased from
                 2015 to 2016. We suggested that fish immigration and
                 decreasing fishing pressure may affect the fish
                 abundance. Fisheries management is required to regulate
                 the fishing pressure, such as controlling the number of
                 boats/licenses and the number of trips or fishing gear,
                 as well as initializing spatial and temporal fishing
                 closure.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Tahar:2018:FWQ,
  author =       "Alexandre Tahar and Alan Kennedy and Richard D.
                 Fitzgerald and Eoghan Clifford and Neil Rowan",
  title =        "Full Water Quality Monitoring of a Traditional
                 Flow-Through Rainbow Trout Farm",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "28",
  day =          "17",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030028",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/28",
  abstract =     "Traditional freshwater rainbow trout farms are still
                 popular in some European countries such as Poland,
                 France and Ireland. These systems generally operate in
                 flow-through configuration. The impact such production
                 systems might have on water quality remains mostly
                 unknown. The present study was set up to fulfil this
                 objective of monitoring water quality on different fish
                 farm locations in order to identify the impacts of the
                 whole farm (comparison of farm inlet and outlet) and at
                 pond scale in order to understand the water quality
                 dynamics and to better understand the impact of
                 multiple water reuse (water passes) in a given pond on
                 water quality. In the absence of any sort of water
                 treatment, an increase in the number of water passes
                 was shown to create an increase in ammonium
                 concentration along the farm. Finally, this traditional
                 flow-through rainbow trout production system was
                 revealed to almost be at its full carrying capacity
                 with respect to internal water quality parameters and
                 fish welfare. To increase fish production, some water
                 treatment techniques (solid/liquid separation,
                 nitrification) would have to be introduced in order to
                 optimize the rearing water quality for fish growth and
                 to minimize the release of pollutants in the receiving
                 water to limit the impact on the environment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nieves-Rodriguez:2018:EGD,
  author =       "Karen N. Nieves-Rodr{\'\i}guez and Carlos Alfonso
                 {\'A}lvarez-Gonz{\'a}lez and Emyr S.
                 Pe{\~n}a-Mar{\'\i}n and Fernando Vega-Villasante and
                 Rafael Mart{\'\i}nez-Garc{\'\i}a and Susana
                 Camarillo-Coop and Dariel Tovar-Ram{\'\i}rez and Laura
                 T. Guzm{\'a}n-Villanueva and Karl B. Andree and Enric
                 Gisbert",
  title =        "Effect of $ \beta $-Glucans in Diets on Growth,
                 Survival, Digestive Enzyme Activity, and Immune System
                 and Intestinal Barrier Gene Expression for Tropical Gar
                 (\bioname{Atractosteus tropicus}) Juveniles",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "27",
  day =          "10",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030027",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/27",
  abstract =     "The application of {\beta}-1,3/1,6-glucan derived from
                 yeast at five concentrations (0\%, 0.5\%, 1.0\%, 1.5\%,
                 and 2.0\%) in formulated diets was evaluated in
                 juveniles for its effects on the growth, survival,
                 digestive enzymatic activity, and expression of genes
                 associated with the immune system (interlukin-10
                 (IL-10), transforming growth factor (TGF), occludin
                 (OCC), mucin2 (MUC2), lysozyme (LYS), and
                 nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2))
                 in tropical gar (\bioname{Atractosteus tropicus}). For
                 the experiment, three replicates of 30 fish per
                 experimental unit (70 L) were cultivated for 62 days.
                 The growth results showed no statistically significant
                 differences in relation to weight and total length
                 between treatments. The activity of digestive enzymes
                 (alkaline proteases, trypsin, leucine aminopeptidase,
                 and amylase) did not show significant differences
                 between treatments, except for chymotrypsin activity,
                 where fish fed 1.0\% and 1.5\% of {\beta}-glucans
                 showed higher activities compared with the rest of the
                 treatments. On the other hand, the analysis of gene
                 expression did not show significant differences between
                 treatments, although a tendency of increase in the
                 expression of IL-10, TGF, MUC2, and OCC was observed
                 with an addition of 1.5\% of the prebiotic, but there
                 was a decrease in the fish fed with 2\% of the
                 prebiotic. It is possible to include concentrations of
                 between 0.5\% and 1.5\% of {\beta}-glucans in the diets
                 for A. tropicus, with no detectable adverse effects on
                 growth, survival, digestive enzyme activity, or
                 specific gene expression. {\beta}-glucan 1,3/1,6 added
                 at 1.0\% and 1.5\% in the diet significantly increases
                 chymotrypsin activity.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kitasato:2018:ADB,
  author =       "Airi Kitasato and Tomo Miyazaki and Yoshihiro Sugaya
                 and Shinichiro Omachi",
  title =        "Automatic Discrimination between \bioname{Scomber
                 japonicus} and \bioname{Scomber australasicus} by
                 Geometric and Texture Features",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "26",
  day =          "27",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030026",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/26",
  abstract =     "This paper proposes a method for automatic
                 discrimination of two mackerel species:
                 \bioname{Scomber japonicus} (chub mackerel) and
                 \bioname{Scomber australasicus} (blue mackerel).
                 Because S. japonicus has a much higher market price
                 than S. australasicus, the two species must be properly
                 sorted before shipment, but their similar appearance
                 makes discrimination difficult. These species can be
                 effectively distinguished using the ratio of the base
                 length between the dorsal fin's first and ninth spines
                 to the fork length. However, manual measurement of this
                 ratio is time-consuming and reduces fish freshness. The
                 proposed technique instead uses image processing to
                 measure these lengths. We were able to successfully
                 discriminate between the two species using the ratio as
                 a geometric feature, in combination with several
                 texture features. We then quantitatively verified the
                 effectiveness of the proposed method and demonstrated
                 that it is highly accurate in classifying mackerel.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Rasul:2018:BMS,
  author =       "Md. Golam Rasul and Bhaskar Chandra Majumdar and Faria
                 Afrin and Mohammad Abu Jafor Bapary and A. K. M. Azad
                 Shah",
  title =        "Biochemical, Microbiological, and Sensory Properties
                 of Dried Silver Carp (\bioname{Hypophthalmichthys
                 molitrix}) Influenced by Various Drying Methods",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "25",
  day =          "25",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030025",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/3/25",
  abstract =     "An experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of
                 different drying methods with different pre-treatments
                 on the physico-chemical, microbiological, and sensory
                 properties of the silver carp,
                 \bioname{Hypophthalmichthys molitrix}. In order to
                 achieve this objective, the collected fresh fish were
                 dried using traditional (without any pre-treatment),
                 improved (fish soaked in a 5\% salt solution for 10 min
                 and then treated with chili powder (0.3\%) and turmeric
                 powder (0.3\%)), and solar tunnel (fish soaked in a 5\%
                 salt solution for 10 min) drying methods. The results
                 showed that the dried fish produced by the solar tunnel
                 drying method were rehydrated more rapidly than the
                 products produced by the traditional and improved
                 drying methods. The moisture content of the dried H.
                 molitrix was varied from 18.24 to 25.43\% on a fresh
                 matter basis. There was no significant (p $>$ 0.05)
                 difference found regarding the protein, lipid, and ash
                 content among the different drying methods on a dry
                 matter basis. The total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N)
                 contents ranged between 37.58 and 45.03 mg/100 g, and
                 significantly (p {$<$} 0.05) the lowest TVB-N was
                 observed in dried fish produced by the solar tunnel
                 drying method. Moreover, the highest peroxide and acid
                 values were found in the traditionally produced dried
                 fish as compared with the fish dried by the improved
                 and solar tunnel drying methods. The aerobic plate
                 count of dried fish ranged from 4.52 to 7.51 log CFU/g.
                 The sensory evaluation results revealed that the
                 solar-dried products showed superior quality than the
                 products produced by the traditional and improved
                 drying methods. The results revealed that the dried
                 fish produced by the solar tunnel drying method
                 provided the best product in terms of physico-chemical,
                 microbiological, and sensory aspects.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{vonSiebenthal:2018:TOU,
  author =       "Elena Wernicke von Siebenthal and Kristina Rehberger
                 and Christyn Bailey and Albert Ros and Elio L. Herzog
                 and Helmut Segner",
  title =        "Trade-Offs Underwater: Physiological Plasticity of
                 Rainbow Trout (\bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss})
                 Confronted by Multiple Stressors",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "49",
  day =          "16",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040049",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/49",
  abstract =     "Organisms have evolved mechanisms to partition the
                 available resources between fitness-relevant
                 physiological functions. Organisms possess phenotypic
                 plasticity to acclimate to changing environmental
                 conditions. However, this comes at a cost that can
                 cause negative correlations or ``trade-offs'', whereby
                 increasing investments in one function lead to
                 decreased investments in another function. The aim of
                 the present study was to investigate the prioritization
                 of resource allocation between growth, pathogen
                 defense, and contaminant response in juvenile rainbow
                 trout (\bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss}) exposed to
                 changes of resource income or expenditure. We performed
                 a multifactorial experiment with three
                 resource-impacting stressors --- limited food
                 availability, a parasitic infection, exposure to a
                 vitellogenesis-inducing contaminant --- and
                 combinations thereof. Treatment with the individual
                 stressors evoked the expected responses in the
                 respective physiological target systems --- body
                 growth, immune system, and hepatic vitellogenin
                 transcription --- but we found little evidence for
                 significant negative relations (trade-offs) between the
                 three systems. This also applied to fish exposed to
                 combinations of the stressors. This high phenotypic
                 flexibility of trout in their resource allocation
                 suggests that linear resource allocations as mechanisms
                 of phenotypic plasticity may be too simplistic, but it
                 also may point to a greater capacity of ectothermic
                 than endothermic vertebrates to maintain key
                 physiological processes under competing resource needs
                 due to lower maintenance costs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ruiz-Jarabo:2018:NRE,
  author =       "Ignacio Ruiz-Jarabo and Pura M{\'a}rquez and Luis
                 Vargas-Chacoff and Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha and
                 Salvador C{\'a}rdenas and Juan Miguel Mancera",
  title =        "Narrowing the Range of Environmental Salinities Where
                 Juvenile Meagre (\bioname{Argyrosomus regius}) Can Be
                 Cultured Based on an Osmoregulatory Pilot Study",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "48",
  day =          "13",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040048",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/48",
  abstract =     "Aquaculture in Europe aims to diversify and optimize
                 fish farming. The meagre (\bioname{Argyrosomus regius})
                 arose as a promising species due to its fast growth
                 rates and flesh quality. Thus, it is currently being
                 produced in several Mediterranean countries, mainly in
                 sea-cages and salt-marshes. However, although meagre
                 naturally spend the first years of life in brackish
                 waters, to date it is cultured in seawater. Here, we
                 show that juveniles may not successfully face either
                 freshwater or hyper-osmotic environments as high as 55
                 ppt salinity. We found that 55 ppt induced catabolism
                 and mobilization of energy metabolites stored in the
                 liver, probably to maintain its osmotic balance.
                 Furthermore, we found that osmoregulatory tissues such
                 as gills managed to maintain plasma osmolality levels
                 without differences in meagre acclimated at 5, 12 and
                 39 ppt salinity. Our results demonstrate the euryhaline
                 capacity of this species, highlighting that juveniles
                 may be cultured in a wider range of salinities rather
                 than just at seawater. Future studies should focus on
                 optimal environmental salinities for the growth of A.
                 regius juveniles, including long-term experiments
                 limited to the range of 5 ppt to full-strength
                 seawater. Minimizing fish energy consumption in
                 osmoregulation could be economically beneficial for the
                 aquaculture industry in Europe.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Luer:2018:PHH,
  author =       "Carl A. Luer and Catherine J. Walsh",
  title =        "Potential Human Health Applications from Marine
                 Biomedical Research with Elasmobranch Fishes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "47",
  day =          "06",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040047",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/47",
  abstract =     "Members of the subclass of fishes collectively known
                 as elasmobranchs (Class Chondrichthyes, Subclass
                 Elasmobranchii) include sharks, skates, rays,
                 guitarfish, and sawfish. Having diverged from the main
                 line of vertebrate evolution some 400 million years
                 ago, these fishes have continued to be successful in
                 our ever-changing oceans. Much of their success must be
                 attributed to their uncanny ability to remain healthy.
                 Based on decades of basic research, some of their
                 secrets may be very close to benefitting man. In this
                 short review, some of the molecular and cellular
                 biological areas that show promise for potential human
                 applications are presented. With a brief background and
                 current status of relevant research, these topics
                 include development of new antibiotics and novel
                 treatments for cancer, macular degeneration, viral
                 pathogens, and Parkinson's disease; potentially useful
                 genomic information from shark transcriptomes; shark
                 antibody-derived drug delivery systems; and immune
                 cell-derived compounds as potential cancer therapeutic
                 agents.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Trifonova:2018:CAB,
  author =       "Oxana P. Trifonova and Dmitry L. Maslov and Anton N.
                 Mikhailov and Konstantin V. Zolotarev and Kirill V.
                 Nakhod and Valeriya I. Nakhod and Nataliya F. Belyaeva
                 and Marina V. Mikhailova and Petr G. Lokhov and
                 Alexander I. Archakov",
  title =        "Comparative Analysis of the Blood Plasma Metabolome of
                 Negligible, Gradual and Rapidly Ageing Fishes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "46",
  day =          "04",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040046",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/46",
  abstract =     "There are a number of different animals that belong to
                 long- and short-lived species and show a various rate
                 of ageing, providing an ideal model to investigate
                 mechanisms of longevity. In this work, a metabolome
                 profiling of blood plasma from fishes with various
                 ageing rates---negligible (Pike \bioname{Esox lucius}
                 and Sterlet \bioname{Acipenser ruthenus}), gradual
                 (Zander \bioname{Sander lucioperca} and Perch
                 \bioname{Perca fluviatilis}) and rapid (Chum Salmon
                 \bioname{Oncorhynchus keta} and Pink Salmon
                 \bioname{Oncorhynchus gorbuscha})---was assessed by
                 means of direct infusion to quadrupole time-of-flight
                 mass spectrometry. Of the 2056 distinct m/z features
                 detected by a mass spectrometry metabolic profiling of
                 blood plasma samples, fifteen metabolites in the
                 classes of dipeptides, fatty acids, glycerolipids,
                 phosphoethanolamines and phosphatidylcholines were
                 significantly associated with ageing rate, independent
                 of species differences. This is the first study of the
                 metabolome of fishes with various ageing rate, and this
                 untargeted approach highlighted the metabolic
                 conditions that may serve to assess the ageing
                 process.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Reading:2018:OEQ,
  author =       "Benjamin J. Reading and Linnea K. Andersen and
                 Yong-Woon Ryu and Yuji Mushirobira and Takashi Todo and
                 Naoshi Hiramatsu",
  title =        "Oogenesis and Egg Quality in Finfish: Yolk Formation
                 and Other Factors Influencing Female Fertility",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "45",
  day =          "21",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040045",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/45",
  abstract =     "Egg quality in fishes has been a topic of research in
                 aquaculture and fisheries for decades as it represents
                 an important life history trait and is critical for
                 captive propagation and successful recruitment. A major
                 factor influencing egg quality is proper yolk
                 formation, as most fishes are oviparous and the
                 developing offspring are entirely dependent on stored
                 egg yolk for nutritional sustenance. These maternally
                 derived nutrients consist of proteins, carbohydrates,
                 lipids, vitamins, minerals, and ions that are
                 transported from the liver to the ovary by lipoprotein
                 particles including vitellogenins. The yolk composition
                 may be influenced by broodstock diet, husbandry, and
                 other intrinsic and extrinsic conditions. In addition,
                 a number of other maternal factors that may influence
                 egg quality also are stored in eggs, such as gene
                 transcripts, that direct early embryonic development.
                 Dysfunctional regulation of gene or protein expression
                 may lead to poor quality eggs and failure to thrive
                 within hours of fertilization. These gene transcripts
                 may provide important markers as their expression
                 levels may be used to screen broodstock for potential
                 spawning success. In addition to such intrinsic
                 factors, stress may lead to ovarian atresia or
                 reproductive failure and can impact fish behavior,
                 fecundity, and ovulation rate. Finally, postovulatory
                 aging may occur when eggs become overripe and the fish
                 fails to spawn in a timely fashion, leading to low
                 fertility, often encountered during manual strip
                 spawning of fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hussain:2018:OPR,
  author =       "Md. Ashraf Hussain and Md. Lutful Kabir and Md. Abu
                 Sayeed and A. T. M. Mahbub-E-Elahi and Md. Sultan Ahmed
                 and Md Jakiul Islam",
  title =        "Organochlorine Pesticide Residues and Microbiological
                 Quality Assessment of Dried Barb, \bioname{Puntius
                 sophore}, from the Northeastern Part of {Bangladesh}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "44",
  day =          "09",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040044",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/44",
  abstract =     "The present study was carried out in the northeastern
                 part of Bangladesh to investigate organochlorine
                 pesticide (OCP) residues in and microbiological quality
                 of dried barb (\bioname{Puntius sophore}). Samples were
                 collected from both producers and retailers from
                 December 2016 to April 2017. A control sample was also
                 prepared in the laboratory with the same raw fish used
                 by the producers to compare the results. Gas
                 chromatography with electron capture detector (GC-ECD)
                 was used to detect and quantify OCP residues. Six
                 samples out of 27 (about 22\%) were found to be
                 contaminated with OCP residues. Among these six
                 adulterated samples, four were from retailers and two
                 from producers. Only aldrin was detected in four
                 samples, and in the other two samples both aldrin +
                 dieldrin and aldrin + endrin were detected. Aldrin was
                 found in quantities between 0.332 and 0.967 ppm,
                 dieldrin 0.762 ppm, and endrin 0.828 ppm. All these
                 values were much higher than the maximum residual limit
                 (MRL) of 0.1 ppm. Total plate count (TPC) of producer
                 samples ranged from 5.3 {\pm} 0.02 log cfu g {-1} to
                 5.4 {\pm} 0.03 log cfu g {-1} and 6.2 {\pm} 0.02 log
                 cfu g {-1} to 6.4 {\pm} 0.02 log cfu g {-1} for
                 retailer samples and 5.0 {\pm} 0.03 log cfu g {-1} to
                 5.2 {\pm} 0.04 log cfu g {-1} for control samples.
                 Fungal count ranged from 3.2 {\pm} 0.04 log cfu g {-1}
                 to 3.5 {\pm} 0.04 log cfu g {-1}, 3.4 {\pm} 0.04 log
                 cfu g {-1} to 3.6 {\pm} 0.03 log cfu g {-1}, and 2.2
                 {\pm} 0.05 log cfu g {-1} to 2.5 {\pm} 0.03 log cfu g
                 {-1} for producer, retailer, and control samples,
                 respectively. All the producer and retailer samples and
                 one-third of the control samples were found to be
                 contaminated with \bioname{Escherichia coli}, whereas
                 Salmonella spp. were detected in amounts of 13.3\% in
                 producer samples and 20\% in retailer samples and none
                 in the control. In case of Vibrio spp., maximum count
                 was found in retailer samples (13.3\%), whereas
                 producer and control samples showed none. The findings
                 of the present study show that the presence of
                 pesticides and poor microbiological quality of dried
                 barb are alarming for consumers in Bangladesh and might
                 cause prolonged disease and impending longstanding risk
                 to human health.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Papadaki:2018:DAR,
  author =       "Maria Papadaki and Jos{\'e} Benito Peleteiro and
                 Blanca Alvarez-Bl{\'a}zquez and Jos{\'e} Luis
                 Rodr{\'\i}guez Villanueva and Fatima Linares and
                 Antonio Vilar and Evaristo P{\'e}rez Rial and Nuria
                 Lluch and Ioannis Fakriadis and Irini Sigelaki and
                 Constantinos C. Mylonas",
  title =        "Description of the Annual Reproductive Cycle of
                 Wreckfish \bioname{Polyprion americanus} in Captivity",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "43",
  day =          "19",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040043",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/43",
  abstract =     "Successful spontaneous reproduction and the production
                 of viable offspring of wild fish in captivity can take
                 some years of adaptation, and may also involve
                 different environmental conditions, sex ratios and
                 densities compared to natural populations. We followed
                 the reproductive cycle of wreckfish \bioname{Polyprion
                 americanus} ---a late maturing, deep-sea benthic
                 species---in captivity in three different broodstocks
                 in Spain under natural photoperiod and temperature, and
                 one broodstock in Greece under a constant temperature
                 of 16 {$^\circ $}C for two consecutive years, to
                 describe the reproductive cycle of the species and the
                 associated sex steroid hormone profiles. Oogenesis
                 begun in the fall and post-vitellogenic oocytes of 1250
                 {\mu}m were present between March and June. Males were
                 in spermiation condition and produced good-quality
                 sperm throughout the year, regardless of the
                 temperature profile to which they were exposed. Some
                 females completed oogenesis, underwent oocyte
                 maturation, and spawned spontaneously under both
                 constant and fluctuating temperatures. The sex steroid
                 hormones of both males and females followed the
                 already-known profiles during fish gametogenesis,
                 except for 17,20{\beta}-dihydroxy-progesterone, which
                 did not seem to be related to either female or male
                 maturation. The female reproductive dysfunctions that
                 were identified included (a) the arrest of oogenesis at
                 the cortical alveoli stage in certain females; (b) the
                 failure to undergo oocyte maturation in others; and (c)
                 the production of large percentages of unfertilized
                 eggs from the females that spawned spontaneously. Our
                 study suggests that reproduction in captivity is
                 possible in wreckfish maintained under typical marine
                 aquaculture conditions, but that reliable spawning and
                 production of high-quality eggs may require some years
                 of adaptation to captivity, before the reproductive
                 dysfunctions will be overcome.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Axen:2018:OMA,
  author =       "Charlotte Ax{\'e}n and Niccol{\`o} Vendramin and Anna
                 Toffan",
  title =        "Outbreak of Mortality Associated with Acipenser
                 Iridovirus {European} ({AcIV-E}) Detection in
                 {Siberian} Sturgeon (\bioname{Acipenser baerii}) Farmed
                 in {Sweden}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "42",
  day =          "16",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040042",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/42",
  abstract =     "Infectious disease is a major challenge in aquaculture
                 and poses a constraint for the development of farming
                 of new species. In 2017, Siberian sturgeon
                 (\bioname{Acipenser baerii}) juveniles were imported
                 from Italy to a Swedish farm. Transport conditions were
                 suboptimal. Thirty percent died during transport and
                 within the first days after arrival. Ten days after
                 arrival, mortalities started to occur again, which
                 prompted initiation of an investigation into the
                 mortalities. Diseased fish were transported live to the
                 National Veterinary Institute (SVA) for necropsy and
                 further analysis. Pathological and histopathological
                 investigation was conducted. Virology was performed on
                 gills and internal organs by cell culture isolation and
                 using specific PCR protocols against nervous necrosis
                 virus (NNV) and Acipenser iridovirus European (AcIV-E).
                 The juveniles displayed neurological signs such as
                 lethargy, inability to maintain an upright position,
                 and erratic swimming. Body condition was below normal,
                 and gills were pale. One fish had petechial hemorrhages
                 on the abdomen and the snout. Two specimens had
                 intestinal hyperemia. Ventricles were air-filled, and
                 swim bladders were deflated. Viral cell cultures gave
                 negative results, but PCR analysis of gills and
                 internal organs detected the presence of AcIV-E. We
                 conclude that AcIV-E was associated with disease and
                 high mortality in the sturgeon juveniles, and stress
                 probably aggravated the course of the infection.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Reverter:2018:BER,
  author =       "Miriam Reverter and Nathalie Tapissier-Bontemps and
                 David Lecchini and Bernard Banaigs and Pierre Sasal",
  title =        "Biological and Ecological Roles of External Fish
                 Mucus: a Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "41",
  day =          "09",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040041",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/41",
  abstract =     "Fish mucus layers are the main surface of exchange
                 between fish and the environment, and they possess
                 important biological and ecological functions. Fish
                 mucus research is increasing rapidly, along with the
                 development of high-throughput techniques, which allow
                 the simultaneous study of numerous genes and molecules,
                 enabling a deeper understanding of the fish mucus
                 composition and its functions. Fish mucus plays a major
                 role against fish infections, and research has mostly
                 focused on the study of fish mucus bioactive molecules
                 (e.g., antimicrobial peptides and immune-related
                 molecules) and associated microbiota due to their
                 potential in aquaculture and human medicine. However,
                 external fish mucus surfaces also play important roles
                 in social relationships between conspecifics (fish
                 shoaling, spawning synchronisation, suitable habitat
                 finding, or alarm signals) and in interspecific
                 interactions such as prey-predator relationships,
                 parasite--host interactions, and symbiosis. This
                 article reviews the biological and ecological roles of
                 external (gills and skin) fish mucus, discussing its
                 importance in fish protection against pathogens and in
                 intra and interspecific interactions. We also discuss
                 the advances that ``omics'' sciences are bringing into
                 the fish mucus research and their importance in
                 studying the fish mucus composition and functions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lindseth:2018:ALL,
  author =       "Adelaide V. Lindseth and Phillip S. Lobel",
  title =        "Addendum: {Lindseth, A. and Lobel, P. S. Underwater
                 Soundscape Monitoring and Fish Bioacoustics: a Review.
                 {{\booktitle{Fishes}}} 2018, {\bf 3}, 36}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "40",
  day =          "08",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040040",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/40",
  abstract =     "Fish mucus layers are the main surface of exchange
                 between fish and the environment, and they possess
                 important biological and ecological functions. Fish
                 mucus research is increasing rapidly, along with the
                 development of high-throughput techniques, which allow
                 the simultaneous study of numerous genes and molecules,
                 enabling a deeper understanding of the fish mucus
                 composition and its functions. Fish mucus plays a major
                 role against fish infections, and research has mostly
                 focused on the study of fish mucus bioactive molecules
                 (e.g., antimicrobial peptides and immune-related
                 molecules) and associated microbiota due to their
                 potential in aquaculture and human medicine. However,
                 external fish mucus surfaces also play important roles
                 in social relationships between conspecifics (fish
                 shoaling, spawning synchronisation, suitable habitat
                 finding, or alarm signals) and in interspecific
                 interactions such as prey-predator relationships,
                 parasite--host interactions, and symbiosis. This
                 article reviews the biological and ecological roles of
                 external (gills and skin) fish mucus, discussing its
                 importance in fish protection against pathogens and in
                 intra and interspecific interactions. We also discuss
                 the advances that ``omics'' sciences are bringing into
                 the fish mucus research and their importance in
                 studying the fish mucus composition and functions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Esquivel-Muelbert:2018:AVR,
  author =       "Juan R. Esquivel-Muelbert and Luisa Fontoura and
                 {\'E}verton Zardo and Danilo P. {Streit, Jr.} and
                 Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert and Juan R. E. Garcia",
  title =        "Assessing the Viability of Reintroduction of Locally
                 Extinct Migratory Fish \bioname{Brycon orbignyanus}:
                 Successful Growth, Dispersal and Maturation",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "39",
  day =          "01",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040039",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/39",
  abstract =     "The reintroduction of threatened fish species in areas
                 where wild populations have been depleted due to
                 anthropogenic impacts is an increasingly popular
                 conservation tool and mitigation policy. Despite the
                 importance of fish reintroduction for conservation
                 purposes, little is known about its efficiency. Here,
                 we assessed the viability of reintroduction of the
                 endangered migratory fish, Brycon orbignyanus, in an
                 area of the Upper Uruguay River basin where the species
                 has not been reported for more than 30 years. We
                 released 4000 yearling juveniles in the Pelotas River
                 in 2014 and maintained 400 juveniles in captivity as a
                 control population. After three years, a total of 13
                 individuals was recaptured, of which, 10 were
                 considered sexually mature with first maturation being
                 recorded in animals larger than 42 cm in total body
                 length. The age--length comparison with a control
                 population growth curve showed that recaptured fish
                 were slightly bigger than those in captivity.
                 Furthermore, important ecological attributes as
                 schooling behavior and dispersal capacity were recorded
                 for all recaptured individuals. Combined, our results
                 suggest that the re-establishment of a self-sustained
                 population of locally extinct species B. orbignyanus in
                 the Pelotas River may be successful if sustained over
                 time and supported by conservation policies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Naslund:2018:RMB,
  author =       "Joacim N{\"a}slund",
  title =        "Relative Mass of Brain- and Intestinal Tissue in
                 Juvenile Brown Trout: No Long-Term Effects of
                 Compensatory Growth; with Additional Notes on Emerging
                 Sex-Differences",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "38",
  day =          "28",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040038",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/38",
  abstract =     "This study investigated whether compensatory growth
                 causes long-term effects in relative brain- or
                 intestine size in a wild, predominantly anadromous,
                 population of brown trout (\bioname{Salmo trutta}). The
                 subject fish belonged to two treatment groups; one
                 group had undergone starvation and subsequent growth
                 compensation, while the other were unrestricted
                 controls. The main hypothesis that compensatory growth
                 would negatively affect brain and intestinal size, as a
                 consequence of growth trade-offs during the
                 compensatory phase, could not be supported as no
                 significant differences were detected between the
                 treatment groups. Further exploratory analyses
                 suggested that males and females started to diverge in
                 both brain and intestine size at around 130 mm fork
                 length, with females developing relatively smaller
                 brains and larger intestines. The size at which the
                 differences appear is a typical size for smoltification
                 (saltwater preadaptation), and females tend to smoltify
                 to a higher proportion than males. Smoltification is
                 known to cause a more elongated morphology and
                 relatively smaller heads in salmonids, and the marine
                 lifestyle is associated with rapid growth, which could
                 require relatively larger intestines. Hence, these
                 emerging sex differences could be a consequence of
                 sex-biased smoltification rates. An investigation of
                 wild smolts of both sexes indicated no differences in
                 brain or intestine mass between male and female
                 smolts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lacy:2018:IRT,
  author =       "Shaw Lacy and Fernando Ugalde and Luca Mao",
  title =        "Invasive Rainbow Trout (\bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss})
                 Are Not Affected by Different Land Uses in a Multi-Use,
                 {Mediterranean} Climate Landscape",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "37",
  day =          "26",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2018",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3040037",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:21 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/37",
  abstract =     "Land use carries implications for freshwater fish
                 conservation. Plantation forestry practices have been
                 shown to have negative impacts on resident fish fauna,
                 but little work has been conducted to assess these
                 impacts on invasive vs. native fish populations. Ten
                 headwater catchments in the Mediterranean climate zone
                 of Chile were used to assess the impacts of land use
                 (pine plantations vs. native forests) on fish condition
                 (length--weight relationship) and abundance
                 (catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE)) of the invasive trout
                 \bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss} and the threatened native
                 catfish Nematogenys inermis. Negative impacts on trout
                 condition were associated with a lack of canopy cover
                 and river topology. The presence of N. inermis was
                 associated with catchment factors less favourable to
                 trout. Current environmental regulations and forestry
                 management practices do not appear to create negative
                 pressures on invasive trout from land use practices,
                 despite expectations from the literature. Assessing how
                 land use management regulations impact invasive and
                 native fishes should be a part of species conservation
                 and territorial planning.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Woodward:2019:EIA,
  author =       "Melanie A. Woodward and Lucy A. Winder and Penelope J.
                 Watt",
  title =        "Enrichment Increases Aggression in Zebrafish",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "22",
  day =          "19",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010022",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/22",
  abstract =     "Environmental enrichment, or the enhancement of an
                 animal's surroundings when in captivity to maximise its
                 wellbeing, has been increasingly applied to fish
                 species, particularly those used commercially.
                 Laboratory species could also benefit from enrichment,
                 but it is not always clear what constitutes an enriched
                 environment. The zebrafish, \bioname{Danio rerio}, is
                 used widely in research and is one of the most
                 commonly-used laboratory animals. We investigated
                 whether changing the structural complexity of housing
                 tanks altered the behaviour of one strain of zebrafish.
                 Fish were kept in three treatments: (1) very enhanced
                 (VE); (2) mildly enhanced (ME); and (3) control (CT).
                 Level of aggression, fertilisation success, and growth
                 were measured at regular intervals in a subset of fish
                 in each treatment group. The VE fish were more
                 aggressive over time than either ME or CT fish, both in
                 the number of attacks they made against a mirror image
                 and in their tendency to stay close to their reflection
                 rather than avoid it. Furthermore, VE fish were shorter
                 than CT fish by the end of the experiment, though mass
                 was not significantly affected. There was no
                 significant effect of treatment on fertilisation
                 success. These findings suggest that the way in which
                 fish are housed in the laboratory can significantly
                 affect their behaviour, and potentially, their growth.
                 The zebrafish is a shoaling species with a dominance
                 hierarchy, and so may become territorial over objects
                 placed in the tank. The enrichment of laboratory tanks
                 should consider aspects of the species' behaviour.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cortay:2019:DAP,
  author =       "Aurore Cortay and Tatiana Colchen and Pascal Fontaine
                 and Alain Pasquet",
  title =        "Does Addition of Perch Larvae as Prey Affect the
                 Growth, Development and Cannibalism Rate of Pikeperch
                 Larvae?",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "21",
  day =          "18",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010021",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/21",
  abstract =     "Cannibalism occurs in many cultured fish species,
                 especially at the larval and juvenile stages of
                 piscivorous taxa. In farmed percid species, such as
                 pikeperch (\bioname{Sander lucioperca}), intra-cohort
                 cannibalism is a major issue inducing significant
                 losses of the initial stocking density during the first
                 weeks of rearing. Therefore, the present study was
                 designed to investigate the effects of perch larvae
                 (\bioname{Perca fluviatilis}) as live prey on growth,
                 survival and cannibalism in pikeperch larvae under
                 experimental conditions. Additionally, zootechnical and
                 behavioural variables linked to aggressiveness (S
                 postures, attacks, bites and ingestion), and group
                 structures were considered. The survival rate was not
                 different between the two groups (72\% with prey vs.
                 69\% without prey), but the cannibalism rate was higher
                 in the group with the prey (28\% vs. 10\%). The means
                 of final weight and length of pikeperch larvae were
                 higher in the group fed with perch larvae, but size
                 heterogeneity measured by the coefficients of variation
                 for these two parameters did not differ. The specific
                 growth rate was higher in the group fed with perch
                 larvae, but there was no difference between the two
                 groups concerning Fulton's condition factor. Among all
                 the behavioural variables (aggressiveness, group
                 structure), none differed between the two groups.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ord:2019:ISP,
  author =       "James Ord",
  title =        "Ionic Stress Prompts Premature Hatching of Zebrafish
                 (\bioname{Danio rerio}) Embryos",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "20",
  day =          "13",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010020",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/20",
  abstract =     "Ionic homeostasis is an essential component of
                 functioning cells, and ionic stress imposed by
                 excessive salinity can disrupt cellular and
                 physiological processes. Therefore, increasing salinity
                 of aquatic environments---a consequence of global
                 climate change---has the potential to adversely affect
                 the health of aquatic animals and their ecosystems. The
                 ability to respond adaptively to adverse environmental
                 changes is essential for the survival of species, but
                 animals in early embryonic stages may be particularly
                 vulnerable, as they cannot easily escape from such
                 conditions. Herein, the effects of increasing salinity
                 on the mortality and hatching time of zebrafish
                 (\bioname{Danio rerio}) embryos were investigated.
                 Increasing salinity significantly affected mortality
                 after 24 h of exposure beginning from {$<$2} h
                 post-fertilisation, with 10 parts per thousand (ppt)
                 inducing complete lethality. The 24-h LC50 of NaCl to
                 embryos was estimated to be approximately 5.6 ppt.
                 Interestingly, 5 ppt, a test concentration only
                 slightly lower than the LC50, induced earlier hatching
                 than at lower concentrations. This earlier hatching was
                 also observed even when exposure was commenced at later
                 stages of embryogenesis, despite later-stage embryos
                 not suffering appreciable mortality in response to
                 salinity. The results suggest that earlier hatching is
                 a plastic response which may function to enable embryos
                 to evade unfavourable conditions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Simat:2019:VAS,
  author =       "Vida {\v{S}}imat and {\v{Z}}eljka Trumbi{\'c}",
  title =        "Viability of \bioname{Anisakis} spp. Larvae After
                 Direct Exposure to Different Processing Media and
                 Non-Thermal Processing in Anchovy Fillets",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "19",
  day =          "13",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010019",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/19",
  abstract =     "Anisakiasis is fish-borne zoonoses caused by nematodes
                 of the genus Anisakis, contracted by the ingestion of
                 live L3 infective larvae through consumption of raw,
                 undercooked or thermally unprocessed seafood products,
                 such as carpaccio, and white marinated and dry-salted
                 anchovies. In order to maintain the organoleptic
                 properties of the product, the freezing of fish prior
                 to processing is often ignored, especially in
                 households, and traditional processing methods are not
                 sufficient to kill Anisakis larvae. In this study, we
                 investigated the survival and resistance of Anisakis
                 spp. larvae in different processing solutions including
                 varying salt and sugar content, lemon juice, acetic
                 acid, alcohol, wine, and apple vinegar. We also
                 performed a viability test of larvae during processing
                 in anchovy fillets. When exposed directly to different
                 NaCl concentrations, larvae were killed after
                 approximately three days in the strongest (35\%) and 10
                 days in the weakest solution (5\%). In lemon juice and
                 lemon juice with added acetic acid, the survival of
                 larvae was around 5 days. In intact alcohol vinegar,
                 larvae were killed under less than 48 h, while in the
                 solution with water their resistance was prolonged to
                 almost 40 days. In fillets, larvae showed increased
                 resistance during carpaccio and white wine vinegar
                 marinades and only dry salting was effective in
                 destroying Anisakis spp. larvae.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Coccia:2019:CSE,
  author =       "Elena Coccia and Francesco Siano and Maria Grazia
                 Volpe and Ettore Varricchio and Orhan Tufan Eroldogan
                 and Marina Paolucci",
  title =        "Chestnut Shell Extract Modulates Immune Parameters in
                 the Rainbow Trout \bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "18",
  day =          "12",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010018",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/18",
  abstract =     "In this study, chestnut (Castanea sativa) shell was
                 extracted with different solvents, and immunomodulatory
                 activity was investigated in an in vitro model system
                 using blood and intestinal leukocytes of
                 \bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss}. Gallic acid (GA) was
                 used as a standard. Chestnut shell extract (CSE) and GA
                 readily entered both blood and intestinal leukocytes.
                 Superoxide anion production and phagocytosis were
                 decreased by low doses of CSE and increased with high
                 doses. CSE and GA differently regulated cytokine
                 expression in blood and intestinal leukocytes. High
                 doses of CSE upregulated IL-1{\beta}, TNF-{\alpha}, and
                 IL-10 in intestinal leukocytes and IL-10 in blood
                 leukocytes. Low doses of CSE upregulated IL-1{\beta}
                 and TNF-{\alpha} in blood leukocytes. GA appeared to be
                 effective only in blood leukocytes. The effects of CSE
                 on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines seemed to
                 suggest an alert effect of the immune defense system
                 against a possible infectious agent. The less evident
                 effect of GA in comparison to CSE could have been
                 attributable to the synergistic and/or additive effects
                 of polyphenols in the latter. The immune-stimulating
                 activity of CSE reported here could be useful for
                 future practical applications in fish health.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Unger:2019:RST,
  author =       "Shem Unger and Caleb Hickman",
  title =        "Report on the Short-Term Scavenging of Decomposing
                 Native and Non-Native Trout in {Appalachian} Streams",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "17",
  day =          "01",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010017",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/17",
  abstract =     "Trout fishing is one of the primary recreational
                 activities in the southern Appalachians, with large
                 amounts of fish stocked on a regular basis. However,
                 very little is known regarding the fate of hatchery
                 reared carcasses not captured by anglers, representing
                 a likely important ecological resource to local
                 communities. We tested the efficacy of underwater video
                 to characterize short term decomposition and
                 consumption by aquatic scavengers of native brook and
                 non-native rainbow trout, \bioname{Salvelinus
                 fontinalis} and Oncorhychus mykiss. This study took
                 place on the Cherokee Qualla Boundary in North
                 Carolina, a location with one of the highest riverine
                 stocked trout densities in the eastern {United States}.
                 During May 2017, 10 waterproof cameras were deployed
                 for 1-hour intervals on each carcass twice daily for a
                 period of 5 days. We observed that 75.3\% of recorded
                 video contained river chub, Nocomis micropogon, with
                 only 24.7\% visited by crayfish, with a maximum of 9
                 and a mean of 1.93 for N. micropogon. Half of the
                 carcasses were removed within 2 days. Based on natural
                 history evidence and some trail cameras, we believe
                 that otters were removing carcasses. Otters showed no
                 preference for either trout species. Underwater video
                 allowed us to characterize initial decomposition within
                 stream diurnal scavengers in a short period using a
                 visual, non-destructive low-cost method. Future studies
                 should monitor large mammalian scavengers to further
                 elucidate the role of fish stocking on aquatic
                 communities.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wylie:2019:TCD,
  author =       "Matthew J. Wylie and Jane E. Symonds and Alvin N.
                 Setiawan and Glen W. Irvine and Hui Liu and Abigail
                 Elizur and P. Mark Lokman",
  title =        "Transcriptomic Changes during Previtellogenic and
                 Vitellogenic Stages of Ovarian Development in Wreckfish
                 ({H{\=a}puku}), \bioname{Polyprion oxygeneios}
                 ({Perciformes})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "16",
  day =          "28",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010016",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/16",
  abstract =     "`Wreckfish' a collective of species belonging to the
                 family Polyprionidae, are an important commercial
                 fishery and have significant aquaculture potential.
                 Until now, genomic or transcriptomic information for
                 any species within the genus Polyprion has either
                 remained unpublished or is non-existent. Using Illumina
                 HiSeq, we compared the transcriptomes of h{\=a}puku
                 (\bioname{Polyprion oxygeneios}) ovaries to explore
                 developmental stage-specific variations underlying
                 their reproductive physiology. We sought to identify
                 differentially expressed genes and the associated
                 shifts in biological pathways between previtellogenic
                 and early vitellogenic ovaries. Ovarian tissue was
                 repeatedly biopsied by gonopore cannulation from the
                 same females (n = 3) throughout oogenesis. Reproductive
                 status of initial biopsies was confirmed as being
                 previtellogenic and that in biopsies collected eight
                 weeks later as early vitellogenic. A de novo h{\=a}puku
                 transcriptome was assembled (146,189 transcripts) from
                 RNA-Seq data without a reference genome. On average,
                 each tissue sample contained 17.5 million trimmed
                 reads. Gene annotation was 80\% when using BLASTX
                 against Genbank Non Redundant database. Fifty-three
                 transcripts were differentially expressed within the
                 FDR of 0.05 when previtellogenic and early vitellogenic
                 ovaries were compared; this reduced to 35
                 differentially expressed genes when transcript
                 duplications were pooled. Among these were genes
                 tentatively associated with the electron transport
                 chain, lipid metabolism, steroidogenesis and
                 mineral/solute transportation. These data provide a
                 snap-shot into stage-specific physiological events
                 during oogenesis in the ovary of a teleost and an
                 extensive molecular resource for research on species in
                 the Genus Polyprion.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Torrecillas:2019:SMF,
  author =       "Silvia Torrecillas and Daniel Montero and David
                 Dom{\'\i}nguez and Lidia Robaina and Marisol
                 Izquierdo",
  title =        "Skin Mucus Fatty Acid Composition of Gilthead Sea
                 Bream (\bioname{Sparus aurata}): a Descriptive Study in
                 Fish Fed Low and High Fish Meal Diets",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "15",
  day =          "27",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010015",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/15",
  abstract =     "Terrestrial protein and lipid sources are commonly
                 used as substitutes for marine fishery-derived raw
                 ingredients in fish diets. However, their use is
                 related with several side-effects on marine fish
                 performance, health, or disease resistance. Physical
                 barriers of the skin, gills, and gut constitute the
                 primary defense mechanism of fish. Skin mucus mucosal
                 mucins, water, proteins, ions, and lipids determine the
                 physical, chemical, and protective characteristics of
                 skin mucus. Very little is known about the influence of
                 diet composition on fish skin mucus fatty acid profile.
                 Gilthead sea bream skin mucus contained 10\% of total
                 lipids (TL), which consisted of 50--60\% neutral (NL)
                 and 40--50\% polar lipids (PL) fractions. {\Sigma}n{-}3
                 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA)
                 deposition was preferential in the NL fraction, whereas
                 {\Sigma}n{-}6LC-PUFA accumulation was similar in both
                 lipid classes. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:{6n-3})
                 was the main LC-PUFA stored in skin mucus (14\% TL) in
                 relation to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:{5n-3})
                 (2--3\% TL) and arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:{4n-6}) (2\%
                 TL). This study denotes the importance of DHA as
                 component of skin mucus lipids compared to other
                 essential fatty acids, such as EPA and ARA, as well as
                 importance of maintaining an adequate {\Sigma}n{-}3/
                 {\Sigma}n{-}6 ratio, regardless of dietary intake.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Perez:2019:WPA,
  author =       "Evaristo P{\'e}rez and F{\'a}tima Linares and Jos{\'e}
                 Luis Rodr{\'\i}guez Villanueva and Antonio Vilar and
                 Constantinos C. Mylonas and Ioannis Fakriadis and Maria
                 Papadaki and Nikos Papandroulakis and Ioannis Papadakis
                 and Roc{\'\i}o Robles and Christian Fauvel and Javier
                 Roo and Jos{\'e} Benito Peleteiro and Nuria Lluch and
                 Gema Pazos and Bel{\'e}n M{\'e}ndez and Irini Sigelaki
                 and Castora G{\'o}mez and Montse P{\'e}rez and Blanca
                 {\'A}lvarez-Bl{\'a}zquez",
  title =        "Wreckfish (\bioname{Polyprion americanus}). New
                 Knowledge About Reproduction, Larval Husbandry, and
                 Nutrition. {Promise} as a New Species for Aquaculture",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "14",
  day =          "25",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010014",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/14",
  abstract =     "Four different wreckfish (\bioname{Polyprion
                 americanus}) broodstock batches were maintained in
                 research facilities under different photo and
                 thermo-period conditions, one in Greece, the Helenic
                 Center for Marine Research (HCMR, n = 3) and three in
                 Spain: Instituto Espa{\~n}ol de Oceanograf{\'\i}a (IEO,
                 n = 13) in Vigo, Aquarium Finisterrae (MC2, n = 21) in
                 A Coru{\~n}a and Conseller{\'\i}a do Mar (CMRM, n =
                 11). The CMRM includes two centers that work together:
                 Instituto Galego de Formaci{\'o}n en Acuicultura
                 (IGAFA) and Centro de Investigaci{\'o}ns Mari{\~n}as
                 (CIMA), both in Pontevedra. During the five years of
                 the project DIVERSIFY (Exploring the biological and
                 socio-economic potential of new-emerging candidate fish
                 species for the expansion of the European aquaculture
                 industry, 2013--2018) works focused on the reproductive
                 biology of the species, broodstock, and larvae
                 nutrition and development of incubation and larval
                 rearing protocols have been carried out. In terms of
                 reproduction, catch methods of new wild animals, the
                 reproductive cycle, sperm characteristics evaluation,
                 and spontaneous and induced spawning methods have been
                 described for wreckfish. Regarding nutrition, the
                 positive effect of two types of enrichment on the fatty
                 acid profiles of Artemia and rotifer has been verified.
                 The relationship between the fatty acid profile of the
                 diets supplied to the broodstock and the fatty acid
                 profile obtained in the oocytes and eggs of the females
                 fed with different diets, has also been demonstrated.
                 Finally, early larval ontogeny has been described and
                 incubation and larval rearing protocols have been
                 proposed based on the results obtained in the different
                 experiments of temperature, growth, survival, and
                 larval feeding that were carried out.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Debenedetti:2019:PRA,
  author =       "{\'A}ngela L. Debenedetti and Elena Madrid and
                 Mar{\'\i}a Trelis and Francisco J. Codes and Florimar
                 Gil-G{\'o}mez and Sandra S{\'a}ez-Dur{\'a}n and
                 M{\`a}rius V. Fuentes",
  title =        "Prevalence and Risk of Anisakid Larvae in Fresh Fish
                 Frequently Consumed in {Spain}: an Overview",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "13",
  day =          "21",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010013",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/13",
  abstract =     "Anisakidosis is a fish-borne zoonosis caused by
                 parasitic nematodes of the family Anisakidae, of which
                 the species belonging to \bioname{Anisakis simplex}
                 complex are the most representative. It is considered
                 an emerging disease in Spain. The objective of this
                 study is to analyse the presence of larvae in fish
                 frequently consumed in Spanish supermarkets, inferring
                 the risk of infection. In total 1,786 specimens of 9
                 different fish species, from two geographical origins
                 (Atlantic and Mediterranean), acquired fresh and not
                 eviscerated were examined for anisakid nematodes.
                 Analysis showed that 33.7\% of the samples were
                 parasitized by Anisakis larvae. The horse mackerel
                 (\bioname{Trachurus trachurus}) presented the highest
                 total prevalence (66.0\%), followed by the silver hake
                 (\bioname{Merluccius bilinearis}) (59.5\%), the
                 mackerel (\bioname{Scomber scombrus}) (58.4\%), the
                 blue whiting (\bioname{Micromesistius poutassou})
                 (53.9\%) and the European hake (Merlucius merlucius)
                 (45.0\%). In general, the prevalence was higher in
                 Atlantic than in Mediterranean fish. In all the species
                 analysed, a higher presence of the parasite was
                 detected in the viscera than in the flesh, although in
                 the most parasitized species a noteworthy prevalence
                 and abundance was observed in the flesh. In conclusion,
                 risk factors, like fish species and origin, should be
                 considered by consumers, in addition of following the
                 recommendations established by Commission Regulation
                 (EU) No1276/2011 and the Spanish Royal Decree
                 1420/2006.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nijssen:2019:DIS,
  author =       "Edwin J. Nijssen and Machiel J. Reinders and
                 Athanasios Krystallis and Gemma Tacken",
  title =        "Developing an Internationalization Strategy Using
                 Diffusion Modeling: the Case of Greater Amberjack",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "12",
  day =          "16",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010012",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/12",
  abstract =     "For farmers of new fish species, market adoption is
                 needed in order to grow a viable business. Farmers may
                 try to sell the new species in their firms' domestic
                 markets, but they might also look at other markets.
                 However, as markets are becoming more global and
                 competitors more international, considering
                 internationalization may be a necessity rather than a
                 choice. Using diffusion modelling, and based on results
                 of an online supermarket experiment, the innovation and
                 imitation parameters are estimated and diffusion curves
                 for five countries predicted in an attempt to determine
                 the best lead market for introducing fillets of farmed
                 greater amberjack (\bioname{Seriola dumerili}). The
                 production capacity consequences of implementing
                 different internationalization strategies (i.e.
                 ``sprinkler'' and ``waterfall'') were also explored. A
                 waterfall strategy refers to the sequential
                 introduction of a product in different markets, whereas
                 the sprinkler strategy concerns the simultaneous
                 introduction of a product in multiple international
                 markets. Since a sprinkler approach requires many
                 resources and the ability to quickly ramp up production
                 capacity, a waterfall approach appears more suitable
                 for farmers of greater amberjack. Italy and Spain
                 appear to be the best lead markets for greater
                 amberjack farmers to enter first.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Tarasco:2019:AOA,
  author =       "Marco Tarasco and Jo{\~a}o Cardeira and Michael N.
                 Viegas and Joana Caria and Gil Martins and Paulo J.
                 Gavaia and M. Leonor Cancela and Vincent Laiz{\'e}",
  title =        "Anti-Osteogenic Activity of Cadmium in Zebrafish",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "11",
  day =          "15",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010011",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/11",
  abstract =     "Among the many anthropogenic chemicals that end up in
                 the aquatic ecosystem, heavy metals, in particular
                 cadmium, are hazardous compounds that have been shown
                 to affect developmental, reproductive, hepatic,
                 hematological, and immunological functions in teleost
                 fish. There is also evidence that cadmium disturbs bone
                 formation and skeletal development, but data is scarce.
                 In this work, zebrafish was used to further
                 characterize the anti-osteogenic/osteotoxic effects of
                 cadmium and gain insights into underlying mechanisms.
                 Upon exposure to cadmium, a reduction of the opercular
                 bone growth was observed in 6-days post-fertilization
                 (dpf) larvae and an increase in the incidence of
                 skeletal deformities was evidenced in 20-dpf
                 post-larvae. The extent and stiffness of newly formed
                 bone was also affected in adult zebrafish exposed to
                 cadmium while regenerating their caudal fin. A pathway
                 reporter assay revealed a possible role of the MTF-1
                 and cAMP/PKA signaling pathways in mechanisms of
                 cadmium osteotoxicity, while the expression of genes
                 involved in osteoblast differentiation and matrix
                 production was strongly reduced in cadmium-exposed
                 post-larvae. This work not only confirmed cadmium
                 anti-osteogenic activity and identified targeted
                 pathways and genes, but it also suggested that cadmium
                 may affect biomechanical properties of bone.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Novianto:2019:DAI,
  author =       "Dian Novianto and Ilham and Chandara Nainggolan and
                 Syarif Syamsuddin and Arief Efendi and Sugianto Halim
                 and Yaser Krisnafi and Muhamad Handri and Abdul Basith
                 and Yusrizal and Erick Nugraha and Suciadi Catur
                 Nugroho and Bram Setyadji",
  title =        "Developing an Abundance Index of Skipjack Tuna
                 (\bioname{Katsuwonus pelamis}) from a Coastal Drifting
                 Gillnet Fishery in the Southern Waters of {Indonesia}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "10",
  day =          "11",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010010",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/10",
  abstract =     "Skipjack tuna is targeted by various types of fishing
                 gear in coastal countries. Due to its resilience, it
                 has withstood heavy fishing pressure in the past few
                 decades. Coastal drifting gillnet fleets also mark
                 skipjack as their main target, but it is often
                 overlooked in terms of stock assessment. This study
                 provides new information on an abundance index based on
                 fishery-dependent data from 2010 to 2017. Generalized
                 linear models (GLMs) were used to standardize the
                 catch-per-unit-of-effort (CPUE) using year, quarter,
                 and gross tonnage as the prediction variables. Model
                 goodness-of-fit and model selection were based on the
                 Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), the pseudo
                 coefficient of determination (R 2), and model
                 diagnostics with a residual analysis. The final
                 estimation of the abundance index was calculated by
                 least square means or marginal means. The results
                 showed that the index was heavily influenced by the
                 year and quarter, but it did not relate to the vessel's
                 capacity. While the CPUE series fluctuated greatly, it
                 showed a declining trend over the years of
                 observation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shamsi:2019:SBP,
  author =       "Shokoofeh Shamsi",
  title =        "Seafood-Borne Parasitic Diseases: a {``One-Health''}
                 Approach Is Needed",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "9",
  day =          "09",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010009",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/9",
  abstract =     "Global consumption of seafood is steadily increasing,
                 as is the variety of seafood, including dishes with raw
                 or undercooked fish, leading to an increased risk of
                 seafood-borne parasitic diseases. To address today's
                 challenges to understand the biology and ecology of
                 these parasites in an ever-changing environment and to
                 tackle their pathogenicity, multidisciplinary research
                 is needed. In addition, the gap between research and
                 stakeholders must be bridged to decrease the risk these
                 parasites pose to public health. A ``One-Health''
                 approach to research is necessary to ensure that
                 consumers, aquatic animals, and environmental health
                 questions are assessed in an integrated and holistic
                 manner, resulting in a more comprehensive understanding
                 of the issues associated with seafood-borne parasitic
                 diseases and potential solutions. However, when it
                 comes to seafood-borne parasitic diseases, there is
                 limited guidance available for a ``One-Health''
                 approach since these diseases can be less known. In
                 this article, the focus is on parasitic diseases caused
                 by seafood, which have been less studied even in some
                 developed countries where seafood is popular. A brief
                 overview of some of the seafood-borne parasitic
                 diseases is provided followed by the significance of
                 the awareness among various stakeholders in a country.
                 In this article, it is argued that researchers and
                 stakeholders are closely connected and a knowledge gap
                 in one can result in a gap in knowledge and awareness
                 in the other, causing an inability to accurately
                 estimate the issues caused by these parasites. It is
                 suggested that raising awareness, supporting research
                 and training of all stakeholders are crucial for the
                 prevention of seafood-borne parasitic diseases and the
                 protection of the health of seafood consumers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Deakin:2019:WCI,
  author =       "Anthony G. Deakin and Joseph W. Spencer and Andrew R.
                 Cossins and Iain S. Young and Lynne U. Sneddon",
  title =        "Welfare Challenges Influence the Complexity of
                 Movement: Fractal Analysis of Behaviour in Zebrafish",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "8",
  day =          "07",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010008",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/8",
  abstract =     "The ability to assess welfare is an important
                 refinement that will ensure the good condition of
                 animals used in experimentation. The present study
                 investigated the impact of invasive procedures on the
                 patterns of movement of zebrafish (\bioname{Danio
                 rerio}). Recordings were made before and after fin
                 clipping, PIT tagging and a standard pain test and
                 these were compared with control and sham handled
                 zebrafish. The fractal dimension (FD) from the 3D
                 trajectories was calculated to determine the effect of
                 these treatments on the complexity of movement
                 patterns. While the FD of zebrafish trajectories did
                 not differ over time in either the control or sham
                 group, the FDs of the treatment groups reduced in
                 complexity. The FD of fish injected with different
                 strengths of acetic acid declined in a dose-dependent
                 manner allowing us to develop an arbitrary scale of
                 severity of the treatments. The 3D trajectory plots
                 from some groups indicated the presence of repetitive
                 swimming patterns akin to stereotypical movements. When
                 administered with lidocaine, which has analgesic
                 properties, the movement complexity of fin clipped fish
                 reverted to a pattern that resembled that of control
                 fish. Fractal analysis of zebrafish locomotion could
                 potentially be adopted as a tool for fish welfare
                 assessment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Olsson:2019:PCT,
  author =       "Jens Olsson",
  title =        "Past and Current Trends of Coastal Predatory Fish in
                 the {Baltic Sea} with a Focus on Perch, Pike, and
                 Pikeperch",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "7",
  day =          "06",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010007",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/7",
  abstract =     "Coastal predatory fish are of key importance for the
                 provisioning of ecosystem services in the Baltic Sea.
                 Worldwide, however, there has been a general and sharp
                 decline in predatory fish populations, in turn
                 threatening the viability and function of marine
                 ecosystems. On the basis of the literature, the past
                 (data until the 2000s) and current (data until early
                 and mid 2010s) trends in abundance of coastal predatory
                 fish in the Baltic Sea are reviewed in this paper.
                 Potentially important impacting factors behind the
                 temporal development of the populations and measures to
                 strengthen and restore them are also discussed.
                 Available data from coastal fish monitoring programs
                 suggest a stable or increasing abundance of coastal
                 predatory fish as a functional group and for the
                 species perch in the majority of areas assessed in the
                 Baltic Sea. For pike and pikeperch, data to support
                 assessments is scarce, but suggest substantial declines
                 in the abundance of both species in most assessed
                 areas. The impacting factors behind these patterns vary
                 between species and areas, but include climate, habitat
                 exploitation, fishing, and species-interactions in the
                 coastal food web. Measures to restore and support
                 coastal predatory fish communities should follow an
                 ecosystem-based approach to management and include
                 efforts to regulate fisheries sectors in combination
                 with habitat protection and restoration.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ruiz-Jarabo:2019:ESA,
  author =       "Ignacio Ruiz-Jarabo and Ana Bel{\'e}n Tinoco and Luis
                 Vargas-Chacoff and Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha and Ana
                 Rodr{\'\i}guez-R{\'u}a and Salvador C{\'a}rdenas and
                 Juan Miguel Mancera",
  title =        "Environmental Salinity Affects Growth and Metabolism
                 in Fingerling Meagre (\bioname{Argyrosomus regius})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6",
  day =          "05",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010006",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/6",
  abstract =     "The meagre (\bioname{Argyrosomus regius}), a farmed
                 fish in Mediterranean countries, seasonally migrates
                 from offshore areas to estuaries for reproduction.
                 During the first two years of life, the meagre
                 evidences a certain grade of euryhalinity by staying in
                 brackish waters close to the shore. The aim of the
                 present study was to establish if fingerling growth in
                 brackish water is improved compared to seawater, where
                 current culture procedures are conducted.
                 Three-month-old fingerlings were maintained for 45 days
                 under two different salinity regimens (12 and 39 ppt).
                 Several growth parameters as well as osmoregulatory and
                 metabolic variables were assessed. Specific growth rate
                 and hepatosomatic index values revealed that
                 fingerlings performed better in brackish waters (12
                 ppt) compared to 39 ppt. This study contributes to
                 optimizing meagre rearing conditions, thereby
                 supporting the role of A. regius in aquaculture
                 diversification.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Diken:2019:IEP,
  author =       "G{\"u}rkan Diken and Orhan Demir and Mehmet Naz",
  title =        "The Inhibitory Effects and Positive Contributions of
                 Live Foods on Protease Activities of Meagre,
                 \bioname{Argyrosomus regius} ({Asso} 1801), Larvae In
                 Vitro Assay",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "5",
  day =          "04",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010005",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/5",
  abstract =     "The determination of exogenous enzyme contributions in
                 live food is important in larval feeding. This study
                 investigated the potential inhibitory effects and
                 contributions of live foods used from 3 to 32 days
                 after hatching (DAH) on protease activities of meagre
                 (\bioname{Argyrosomus regius}) larvae (ML), using in
                 vitro techniques. Enriched rotifer (R), Artemia nauplii
                 (A0), and Artemia metanauplii (A1) were tested. The
                 highest values of protease activities of ML were
                 determined to occur at 7 DAH for the years 2013 and
                 2014. The lowest values were observed at 15 DAH in 2013
                 and at 20 DAH in 2014. Protease activities of R, A0,
                 and A1 were 21.76 {\pm} 0.31, 36.00 {\pm} 1.48--29.33
                 {\pm} 0.93, and 416.44 {\pm} 19.7--403.53 {\pm} 11.85
                 U/mg protein, respectively (p {$<$} 0.05). The highest
                 inhibitions of live foods were observed at 7 DAH. This
                 situation was related to the inadequacy of protease
                 contributions of live feeds, despite the highest
                 protease value of larvae at 7 DAH (p {$<$} 0.05). The
                 positive contributions of A1 live food on the protease
                 activities of ML were significant (p {$<$} 0.05). The
                 inhibitory effects and positive contributions of live
                 foods on the survival and growth rates of ML should be
                 taken into account for future studies considering the
                 larvae of ML and other marine fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Office:2019:ARF,
  author =       "Fishes Editorial Office",
  title =        "Acknowledgement to Reviewers of {{\booktitle{Fishes}}}
                 in 2018",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "4",
  day =          "29",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010004",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/4",
  abstract =     "The determination of exogenous enzyme contributions in
                 live food is important in larval feeding. This study
                 investigated the potential inhibitory effects and
                 contributions of live foods used from 3 to 32 days
                 after hatching (DAH) on protease activities of meagre
                 (\bioname{Argyrosomus regius}) larvae (ML), using in
                 vitro techniques. Enriched rotifer (R), Artemia nauplii
                 (A0), and Artemia metanauplii (A1) were tested. The
                 highest values of protease activities of ML were
                 determined to occur at 7 DAH for the years 2013 and
                 2014. The lowest values were observed at 15 DAH in 2013
                 and at 20 DAH in 2014. Protease activities of R, A0,
                 and A1 were 21.76 {\pm} 0.31, 36.00 {\pm} 1.48--29.33
                 {\pm} 0.93, and 416.44 {\pm} 19.7--403.53 {\pm} 11.85
                 U/mg protein, respectively (p {$<$} 0.05). The highest
                 inhibitions of live foods were observed at 7 DAH. This
                 situation was related to the inadequacy of protease
                 contributions of live feeds, despite the highest
                 protease value of larvae at 7 DAH (p {$<$} 0.05). The
                 positive contributions of A1 live food on the protease
                 activities of ML were significant (p {$<$} 0.05). The
                 inhibitory effects and positive contributions of live
                 foods on the survival and growth rates of ML should be
                 taken into account for future studies considering the
                 larvae of ML and other marine fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Strauch:2019:EOP,
  author =       "Sebastian M. Strauch and Judith Bahr and Bj{\"o}rn
                 Ba{\ss}mann and Adrian A. Bischoff and Michael Oster
                 and Berit Wasenitz and Harry W. Palm",
  title =        "Effects of Ortho-Phosphate on Growth Performance,
                 Welfare and Product Quality of Juvenile {African}
                 Catfish (\bioname{Clarias gariepinus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "3",
  day =          "23",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010003",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/3",
  abstract =     "Ortho-phosphate inside recirculation aquaculture
                 systems is limited as a consequence of precipitation
                 and regular water exchange rates. To improve plant
                 growth in coupled aquaponics, phosphate fertilizer
                 addition to hydroponics can increase PO 4 {3-} -P
                 concentrations inside the process water. We
                 investigated the effects of four PO 4 {3-} -P
                 concentrations ({$<$10} (P0), 40, 80, 120 mg L {-1}) in
                 rearing water on growth performance, feed efficiency,
                 and welfare traits of juvenile African catfish
                 (\bioname{Clarias gariepinus} Burchell, 1822). By
                 trend, optimum specific growth rate of 2.66\% d {-1}
                 and feed conversion ratio of 0.71 were observed at 40
                 and 80 mg L {-1} PO 4 {3-} -P. Higher PO 4 {3-} -P
                 significantly affected skin coloration, swimming
                 activity and external injuries, with the palest and
                 inactive fish combined with most external injuries in
                 the P120 group. Mineral and protein contents in the
                 fish remained unaffected, while fat content inside the
                 fillets enriched with increasing PO 4 {3-} -P.
                 Inorganic P in blood plasma increased significantly,
                 while phosphate concentrations inside the fillet
                 remained unchanged. We suggest that PO 4 {3-} -P
                 concentrations of 40 to 80 mg L {-1} do not reduce the
                 performance of African catfish aquaculture, while
                 increased values of 120 mg L {-1} affect fish welfare.
                 This allows limited addition of PO 4 {3-} -P fertilizer
                 in coupled aquaponics with African catfish to support
                 plant growth.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cabillon:2019:MBF,
  author =       "Nikko Alvin R. Cabillon and Carlo C. Lazado",
  title =        "Mucosal Barrier Functions of Fish under Changing
                 Environmental Conditions",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "2",
  day =          "10",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010002",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/2",
  abstract =     "The skin, gills, and gut are the most extensively
                 studied mucosal organs in fish. These mucosal
                 structures provide the intimate interface between the
                 internal and external milieus and serve as the
                 indispensable first line of defense. They have highly
                 diverse physiological functions. Their role in defense
                 can be highlighted in three shared similarities: their
                 microanatomical structures that serve as the physical
                 barrier and hold the immune cells and the effector
                 molecules; the mucus layer, also a physical barrier,
                 contains an array of potent bioactive molecules; and
                 the resident microbiota. Mucosal surfaces are
                 responsive and plastic to the different changes in the
                 aquatic environment. The direct interaction of the
                 mucosa with the environment offers some important
                 information on both the physiological status of the
                 host and the conditions of the aquatic environment.
                 Increasing attention has been directed to these
                 features in the last year, particularly on how to
                 improve the overall health of the fish through
                 manipulation of mucosal functions and on how the
                 changes in the mucosa, in response to varying
                 environmental factors, can be harnessed to improve
                 husbandry. In this short review, we highlight the
                 current knowledge on how mucosal surfaces respond to
                 various environmental factors relevant to aquaculture
                 and how they may be exploited in fostering sustainable
                 fish farming practices, especially in controlled
                 aquaculture environments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Oliveira:2019:INN,
  author =       "Diogo Oliveira and Andr{\'e} M. Machado and Tiago
                 Cardoso and M{\'o}nica Lopes-Marques and L. Filipe C.
                 Castro and Raquel Ruivo",
  title =        "Identification of a Novel Nucleobase-Ascorbate
                 Transporter Family Member in Fish and Amphibians",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1",
  day =          "01",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4010001",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:22 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/1/1",
  abstract =     "Nucleobase-Ascorbate Transporter (NAT) family includes
                 ascorbic acid, nucleobases, and uric acid transporters:
                 With broad evolutionary distribution. In vertebrates,
                 four members have been previously recognized, the
                 ascorbate transporters Slc23a1 and Slc3a2, the
                 nucleobase transporter Slc23a4 and an orphan
                 transporter Slc23a3. Using phylogenetic and synteny
                 analysis, we identify a fifth member of the vertebrate
                 slc23 complement (slc23a5), present in neopterygians
                 (gars and teleosts) and amphibians, and clarify the
                 evolutionary relationships between the novel gene and
                 known slc23 genes. Further comparative analysis puts
                 forward uric acid as the preferred substrate for
                 Slc23a5. Gene expression quantification, using
                 available transcriptomic data, suggests kidney and
                 testis as major expression sites in Xenopus tropicalis
                 (western clawed frog) and \bioname{Danio rerio}
                 (zebrafish). Additional expression in brain was
                 detected in D. rerio, while in the Neoteleostei
                 \bioname{Oryzias latipes} (medaka) slc23a5 expression
                 is restricted to the brain. The biological relevance of
                 the retention of an extra transporter in fish and
                 amphibians is discussed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Uribe:2019:SAO,
  author =       "Mari Carmen Uribe and Gabino {De la Rosa Cruz} and
                 Adriana {Garc{\'\i}a Alarc{\'o}n} and Juan Carlos
                 {Campuzano Caballero} and Mar{\'\i}a Guadalupe
                 {Guzm{\'a}n B{\'a}rcenas}",
  title =        "Structures Associated with Oogenesis and Embryonic
                 Development during Intraovarian Gestation in Viviparous
                 Teleosts ({Poeciliidae})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "35",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020035",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/35",
  abstract =     "Viviparity in teleosts involves, invariably, the ovary
                 in a gestational role. This type of viviparity is due
                 to the combination of unique aspects, different from
                 those found in the rest of vertebrates. These aspects
                 are: the ovary has a saccular structure; the germinal
                 epithelium lines the ovarian lumen; the absence of
                 oviducts; and the intraovarian insemination,
                 fertilization, and gestation. The communication of the
                 germinal zone of the ovary to the exterior is via the
                 caudal zone of the ovary---the gonoduct. The germinal
                 epithelium is composed of oogonia and oocytes scattered
                 individually or in cell nests among somatic epithelial
                 cells. In the ovarian stroma the follicles are included
                 which are formed by the oocyte, which is surrounded by
                 follicular cells and the vascularized theca. The
                 oogenesis comprises three stages: chromatin-nucleolus,
                 previtellogenesis, and vitellogenesis. There is no
                 ovulation, as the oocyte is retained in the follicle.
                 During the insemination, the spermatozoa enter into the
                 ovarian lumen and the intrafollicular fertilization
                 occurs, followed by intrafollicular gestation. The
                 intraovarian gestation of poeciliids involves
                 morphological characteristics associated with the
                 intrafollicular embryogenesis and types of nutrition,
                 such as lecithotrophy and matrotrophy. In
                 lecithotrophy, the nutrients come from the yolk
                 reserves stored during oogenesis, whereas in
                 matrotrophy the nutrients are provided by supplies from
                 maternal tissues to the embryo during gestation. The
                 maternal--embryonic metabolic interchanges converge
                 through the development of the association of maternal
                 and embryonic blood vessels, establishing a follicular
                 placenta.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Reinhardt:2019:THC,
  author =       "Ulrich G. Reinhardt and Peter J. Hrodey",
  title =        "Trap Happiness and Catch Bias in Sea Lamprey Traps",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "34",
  day =          "12",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020034",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/34",
  abstract =     "Sampling fish by trapping can lead to biased
                 conclusions about a population. We used catch data to
                 assess differences between two types of traps for adult
                 sea lamprey (\bioname{Petromyzon marinus}),
                 submerged-funnel traps and studded-tile traps, which
                 are angled ramps with trickle flow leading out of the
                 water. The studded-tile trap at one river caught about
                 50\% more females than the funnel trap. It caught males
                 that had a smaller body size and females with a lower
                 gonado-somatic index (GSI). The likelihood of catching
                 lamprey in the studded-tile trap increased after they
                 had been caught once. This was not the case for the
                 funnel traps, which are used for mark--recapture-based
                 population assessment of invasive sea lamprey in the
                 Great Lakes. The apparent trap response caused by
                 studded-tile traps may have been caused by a behavioral
                 bias, i.e., the traps consistently attracting a subset
                 of the population. Use of the studded-tile trap for
                 population assessment should only be considered after
                 more is known about its recapture bias. The differences
                 between lamprey caught in the two trap types suggests
                 that a variety of trapping methods needs to be employed
                 in order to get a representative sample from a fish
                 population.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Franklin:2019:SKR,
  author =       "Maxwell Franklin and Martin Cenek and E. Jamie
                 Trammell",
  title =        "Studying {Kenai River} Fisheries' Social-Ecological
                 Drivers Using a Holistic Fisheries Agent-Based Model:
                 Implications for Policy and Adaptive Capacity",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "33",
  day =          "31",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020033",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/33",
  abstract =     "Alaska's salmon fisheries are one of the more
                 intensely managed natural resources in the world. The
                 state's salmon fisheries support recreational,
                 subsistence, and commercial harvest with multiple
                 billions of dollars flowing into the economy, and
                 define the cultural identity of many Alaskans. Fishery
                 management practices rely on historic records to set
                 policies with two goals: to meet salmon escapement
                 quota and to maximize salmon harvest. At the same time,
                 rapid social and ecological changes to the sub-Arctic
                 are already impacting salmon runs and fisheries
                 management. Combined with the inability of fishery
                 managers to test the outcome of proposed policy
                 changes, an understanding of the role social and
                 ecological drivers play in harvest and effort is
                 required. To address the two-forked problem of
                 understanding socio-ecological dynamics and potential
                 policy responses to ecological and social changes, we
                 (1) conducted stakeholder workshops to solicit key
                 system drivers, (2) built an integrated agent based
                 model (ABM) of the system's socio-ecological dynamics,
                 and (3) tested the impacts of alternative future
                 scenarios of ecological, social, and policy changes on
                 the system's outcomes. We previously constructed and
                 validated a high-fidelity, data-driven, agent-based
                 model of the Kenai River, Alaska that simulates
                 seasonal harvest of sockeye and {Chinook} salmon, the
                 fishing activities of the personal use fishery,
                 commercial drift, and set gillnet agents. We study the
                 role of key stakeholder and ecological drivers, using
                 the ABM decision support tool, and their implications
                 for fisheries management policies. Analysis of the
                 scenario based studies found resilience in management
                 of commercial fisheries to changing salmon migration
                 dynamics, a lack of adaptive capacity in recreational
                 (personal use) dipnet users to altered sockeye salmon
                 runs, and the possible utility of introducing
                 management measures in the dipnet fishery to manipulate
                 sockeye escapement levels. These findings represent the
                 usefulness of this type of ABM in assisting fishery
                 managers everywhere in investigating possible future
                 outcomes of different management or ecological
                 scenarios.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Bergsson:2019:RPE,
  author =       "Hei{\eth}rikur Bergsson and Nikolaj Reducha Andersen
                 and Morten Bo S{\o}ndergaard Svendsen and Per Juel
                 Hansen and John Fleng Steffensen",
  title =        "Respiratory Physiology of {European} Plaice
                 (\bioname{Pleuronectes platessa}) Exposed to
                 \bioname{Prymnesium parvum}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "32",
  day =          "28",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020032",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/32",
  abstract =     "During the last century, the blooms of the toxic
                 haptophyte \bioname{Prymnesium parvum} have been
                 responsible for massive fish kills in both aquaculture
                 and wild populations. Despite decades of research, the
                 ichthyotoxic properties of P. parvum, and how this alga
                 affects fish, is still debated. Using a novel device to
                 measure the respirometry, ventilation volume,
                 ventilation frequency, oxygen extraction, and oxygen
                 consumption of undisturbed European plaice
                 (\bioname{Pleuronectes platessa}) were acquired during
                 exposure to two algal species as well as hypoxia.
                 Fourteen fish (258 {\pm} 44 g) were initially exposed
                 to severe hypoxia and left to recover for at least 48
                 h. Half of these fish were then exposed to known
                 harmful concentrations of P. parvum (median {\pm}
                 standard deviation (SD); 2.6 $ \times $ 10 5 {\pm} 0.6
                 $ \times $ 10 5 cells mL {-1}), while the remaining
                 half were exposed to the non-toxic alga Rhodomonas
                 salina (median {\pm} SD; 3.2 $ \times $ 10 5 {\pm} 0.7
                 $ \times $ 10 5 cells mL {-1}). During exposure to
                 severe hypoxia, all of the fish were able to maintain
                 oxygen consumption by increasing the ventilation
                 volume. The results from fish that were exposed to P.
                 parvum showed a significant decrease in oxygen
                 extraction (median {\pm} SD; 52.6 {\pm} 6.9 percentage
                 points) from pre-exposure to the end of the experiment,
                 as opposed to fish exposed to R. salina, which were
                 unaffected. These results indicate that suffocation
                 affects the European plaice when exposed to P. parvum.
                 The observed severe decrease in oxygen extraction can
                 be ascribed to either damage of the gill epithelia or
                 increased mucus secretion on the gills, as both would
                 limit the transfer of oxygen, and both have been
                 observed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fife-Cook:2019:PWF,
  author =       "Isabel Fife-Cook and Becca Franks",
  title =        "Positive Welfare for Fishes: Rationale and Areas for
                 Future Study",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "31",
  day =          "23",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020031",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/31",
  abstract =     "Traditional animal welfare paradigms have focused on
                 maintaining physical health and mitigating negative
                 impacts to wellbeing. Recently, however, the field has
                 increasingly recognized the importance of positive
                 welfare (i.e., mental and physical states that exceed
                 what is necessary for immediate survival) and
                 accordingly introduced manipulations and indicators of
                 positive welfare for use in agriculture, laboratories,
                 and zoos/aquaria. The creation and monitoring of
                 positive welfare requires an in-depth knowledge of
                 species-specific behavior and biology, which
                 necessitates species-specific or, at a minimum,
                 taxa-specific standards. Research on positive welfare
                 in fish is lagging in this regard and therefore merits
                 further consideration. In this paper, we aim to merge
                 what is already known about positive welfare with the
                 existing fish behavior literature to develop a plan of
                 action for fish welfare research that will ultimately
                 contribute to the development of positive welfare
                 standards and assessment strategies for fish. We begin
                 by exploring the origins of positive welfare research
                 and then outline the physical, psychological and
                 species-specific areas of inquiry that can be
                 investigated in fish. In addition to presenting current
                 findings on fish motivation, emotion, potential sources
                 of positive welfare such as fulfillment of motivational
                 urges (establishing agency, engaging in exploration and
                 learning), and play behavior, we also identify
                 promising areas for future research aimed at developing
                 accurate and appropriate indicators of positive welfare
                 in fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Saraiva:2019:GAW,
  author =       "Jo{\~a}o Luis Saraiva and Pablo Arechavala-Lopez and
                 Maria Filipa Castanheira and Jenny Volstorf and Billo
                 Heinzpeter Studer",
  title =        "A Global Assessment of Welfare in Farmed Fishes: The
                 {FishEthoBase}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "30",
  day =          "16",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020030",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/30",
  abstract =     "Fish welfare is an essential issue that needs to be
                 tackled by the aquaculture industry. In order to
                 address it, studies have been limited to a small number
                 of species and the information is generally scattered.
                 In order to have a consistent overview of the welfare
                 of farmed fishes, we present the FishEthoBase, an
                 open-access database that ultimately aims to provide
                 information on the welfare of all fish species
                 currently farmed worldwide. Presently with 41 species,
                 this database is directed to all stakeholders in the
                 field and targets not only to bridge the gaps between
                 them but also to provide scientific information to
                 improve the welfare of fish. The current text explains
                 the database and presents an analysis of the welfare
                 scores of 41 species, suggesting that (i) the general
                 welfare state of farmed fishes is poor, (ii) there is
                 some potential for improvement and (iii) this potential
                 is related to research on species' needs, but (iv)
                 there are many remaining knowledge gaps and (v) current
                 fish farming technologies do not seem to fully address
                 welfare issues. The existence of a framework, such as
                 the FishEthoBase, is proposed as fundamental to the
                 design of strategies that improve the welfare of farmed
                 fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kim:2019:BRJ,
  author =       "Jaewoo Kim and Caitlyn Bondy and Catherine M. Chandler
                 and Nicholas E. Mandrak",
  title =        "Behavioural Response of Juvenile Common Carp
                 (\bioname{Cyprinus carpio}) and Juvenile Channel
                 Catfish (\bioname{Ictalurus punctatus}) to Strobe
                 Light",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "29",
  day =          "04",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020029",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/29",
  abstract =     "The movement of fish can be regulated by behavioural
                 manipulation through non-physical barrier systems.
                 Aquatic invasive species are becoming one of the major
                 management issues in North America, and threaten native
                 aquatic ecosystems, including freshwater fish.
                 Placements of non-physical barriers in waterways can
                 help disrupt the movement of invasive fish. This study
                 examined the effect of a strobe-light stimulus on the
                 avoidance behaviour of two proxy species, juvenile
                 common carp (\bioname{Cyprinus carpio}) and juvenile
                 channel catfish (\bioname{Ictalurus punctatus}), in a
                 controlled laboratory environment. For each species,
                 three sequential treatments of pre-stimulus,
                 strobe-light stimulus, and post-stimulus for 30 min
                 periods were recorded on acclimated groups of 5
                 juvenile common carp and 5 juvenile channel catfish
                 using 15 and 13 replicates, respectively. The
                 distribution of juvenile common carp individuals
                 throughout the tank did not change significantly with
                 treatment, nor did cohesive grouping behaviour.
                 Similarly, there were no significant differences across
                 experimental treatments in average location/distance of
                 juvenile channel catfish relative to the strobe light
                 or degree of cohesion in response to the strobe light.
                 Non-physical barriers have been widely reported to vary
                 between species and environmental conditions. These
                 results suggest that strobe lights evoke no avoidance
                 or attractive responses in juvenile common carp and
                 juvenile channel catfish, and will likely not be an
                 effective barrier to inhibit movements of juvenile
                 invasive fishes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Vieira:2019:SVC,
  author =       "Manuel Vieira and Beatriz P. Pereira and Pedro
                 Pous{\~a}o-Ferreira and Paulo J. Fonseca and M. Clara
                 P. Amorim",
  title =        "Seasonal Variation of Captive Meagre Acoustic
                 Signalling: a Manual and Automatic Recognition
                 Approach",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "28",
  day =          "18",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020028",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/28",
  abstract =     "Many species rely on acoustic communication to fulfil
                 several functions such as advertisement and mediation
                 of social interactions (e.g., agonistic, mating).
                 Therefore, fish calls can be an important source of
                 information, e.g., to recognize reproductive periods or
                 to assess fish welfare, and should be considered a
                 potential non-intrusive tool in aquaculture management.
                 Assessing fish acoustic activity, however, often
                 requires long sound recordings. To analyse these long
                 recordings automatic methods are invaluable tools to
                 detect and extract the relevant biological information.
                 Here we present a study to characterize meagre
                 (\bioname{Argyrosomus regius}) acoustic activity during
                 social contexts in captivity using an automatic
                 pattern-recognition methodology based on the Hidden
                 Markov Model. Calls produced by meagre during the
                 breading season showed a richer repertoire than
                 previously reported. Besides the dense choruses
                 composed by grunts already known for this species,
                 meagre emitted successive series of isolated pulses,
                 audible as `knocks'. Grunts with a variable number of
                 pulses were also registered. The overall acoustic
                 activity was concurrent with the number of spawning
                 events. A diel call rhythms exhibit peak of calling
                 activity from 15:00 to midnight. In addition, grunt
                 acoustic parameters varied significantly along the
                 reproduction season. These results open the possibility
                 to use the meagre vocal activity to predict breeding
                 and approaching spawning periods in aquaculture
                 management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sorensen:2019:BFP,
  author =       "Peter W. Sorensen and Mara C. P. Rue and Joseph M.
                 Leese and Ratna Ghosal and Hangkyo Lim",
  title =        "A Blend of {F} Prostaglandins Functions as an
                 Attractive Sex Pheromone in Silver Carp",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "27",
  day =          "09",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020027",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/27",
  abstract =     "A series of laboratory experiments tested the
                 hypothesis that the Silver Carp
                 (\bioname{Hypophthalmichthys molitrix}), an invasive
                 river carp from China, employs a prostaglandin F
                 2{\alpha} -derived sex pheromone that is attractive and
                 species-specific. Using electro-olfactogram recording
                 (EOG), we found that the olfactory system of this
                 species is acutely sensitive to three F-series
                 prostaglandins (PGFs) at picomolar concentrations and
                 that this sensitivity is enhanced when juveniles are
                 masculinized using androgens, consistent with
                 expectations of a sex pheromone. Individual PGFs had
                 behavioral activity but it was low, suggesting a
                 mixture might be important. To pursue this possibility,
                 we implanted carps with osmotic pumps containing
                 prostaglandin F 2{\alpha} (PGF 2{\alpha}), a treatment
                 previously shown to elicit release of a PGF-based
                 spawning pheromone in the Common Carp. We found that
                 PGF 2{\alpha} -implanted Silver Carp released a
                 species-specific odor that contained a blend of PGF
                 2{\alpha} and two of its metabolites, which
                 masculinized individuals detected and were attracted to
                 with high sensitivity. Finally, we found that a mixture
                 of these PGFs was attractive to masculinized Silver
                 Carp, while a different mixture released by Bighead
                 Carp was not. We conclude that Silver Carp likely use a
                 species-specific PGF 2{\alpha} -derived sex pheromone
                 that is probably released at spawning and might be
                 useful in its control. Confirmatory studies that
                 explore pheromone function in naturally mature Silver
                 Carp using natural odors in the field should now be
                 conducted to further confirm our proof-of-concept
                 study.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Moreira:2019:IAS,
  author =       "M{\'a}rcio Moreira and Ana{\'\i}sa Cordeiro-Silva and
                 Marisa Barata and Pedro Pous{\~a}o-Ferreira and
                 Florbela Soares",
  title =        "Influence of Age on Stress Responses of White Seabream
                 to Amyloodiniosis",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "26",
  day =          "08",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020026",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/26",
  abstract =     "Amyloodiniosis is a disease that represents a major
                 bottleneck for semi-intensive aquaculture, especially
                 in Southern Europe. The inefficacy of many of the
                 treatments for this disease on marine fish produced in
                 semi-intensive aquaculture has led to a new welfare
                 approach to amyloodiniosis. There is already some
                 knowledge of several welfare issues that lead to
                 amyloodiniosis as well as the stress, physiological,
                 and immunological responses to the parasite by the
                 host, but no work is available about the influence of
                 fish age on the progression of amyloodiniosis. The
                 objective of this work was to determine if stress,
                 hematological, and histopathological responses are age
                 dependent. For that purpose, we determined the
                 mortality rate, histopathological lesions,
                 hematological indexes, and stress responses (cortisol,
                 glucose, lactate, and total protein) in ``Small''
                 (total weight: 50 {\pm} 5.1 g, age: 273 days after
                 eclosion (DAE)) and ``Big'' (total weight: 101.3 {\pm}
                 10.4 g, age: 571 DAE) white seabream (\bioname{Diplodus
                 sargus}) subjected to an \bioname{Amyloodinium
                 ocellatum} infestation (8000 dinospores mL {-1}) during
                 a 24-h period. The results demonstrated a strong stress
                 response to A. ocellatum, with marked differences in
                 histopathological alterations, glucose levels, and some
                 hematological indexes between the fish of the two
                 treatments. This work elucidates the need to take in
                 account the size and age of the fish in the development
                 and establishment of adequate mitigating measures and
                 treatment protocols for amyloodiniosis.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Maslov:2019:CAS,
  author =       "Dmitry L. Maslov and Oxana P. Trifonova and Anton N.
                 Mikhailov and Konstantin V. Zolotarev and Kirill V.
                 Nakhod and Valeriya I. Nakhod and Nataliya F. Belyaeva
                 and Marina V. Mikhailova and Petr G. Lokhov and
                 Alexander I. Archakov",
  title =        "Comparative Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Metabolites of
                 Fish with Various Rates of Aging",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "25",
  day =          "31",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020025",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/25",
  abstract =     "Fish species exhibit great diversity rating of aging
                 (from negligible to rapid), which gives a unique
                 possibility for the discovery of the molecular
                 mechanisms that determine the differences in the rate
                 of aging. A mass spectrometric metabolic profiling of
                 skeletal muscle of fish with various aging rates was
                 carried out by direct injection to a quadrupole
                 time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The first group
                 includes long-lived fish species (pike (\bioname{Esox
                 lucius}) and sterlet (\bioname{Acipenser ruthenus}));
                 the second group---species with gradual senescence such
                 as that observed in many mammalian species of similar
                 size (zander (Sandra lucioperca) and perch
                 (\bioname{Perca fluviatilis})) and the third
                 group---species with very short life cycle (chum salmon
                 (\bioname{Oncorhynchus keta}) and pink salmon
                 (\bioname{Oncorhynchus gorbuscha})). Multivariate
                 analysis of metabolic profiles allowed the detecting of
                 about 80 group-specific features associated with amino
                 acids, lipids, biogenic amines, intermediates of
                 glycolysis, glycogenolysis, and citric acid cycle.
                 Possible roles in the aging process are hypothesized
                 for the biochemical pathways of the metabolites that
                 were altered in the different groups.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ido:2019:PMP,
  author =       "Atsushi Ido and Motohisa Kanemaru and Yoshiharu
                 Tanioka",
  title =        "Preliminary Monitoring of Praziquantel in Water and
                 Sediments at a {Japanese} Amberjack (\bioname{Seriola
                 quinqueradiata}) Aquaculture Site",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "24",
  day =          "28",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020024",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/24",
  abstract =     "Praziquantel (PZQ), an active compound against
                 Platyhelminthes, is an essential anthelmintic for the
                 aquaculture industry. However, there are few reports of
                 the environmental risks of PZQ use in aquaculture. In
                 this study, we monitored PZQ in water and sediment at
                 an aquaculture site of Japanese amberjack, also called
                 yellowtail (\bioname{Seriola quinqueradiata}). Although
                 PZQ was detected in water during treatment and 3 days
                 post-treatment, PZQ levels were below the detectable
                 limit in water 60 m from the net pen during the
                 treatment, and in all sediment samples. In this
                 preliminary study, we could not detect residue of PZQ
                 from sediments in the aquaculture site, and no evidence
                 about environmental effect of PZQ administration was
                 obtained.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Goncalves-de-Freitas:2019:SBW,
  author =       "Eliane Gon{\c{c}}alves-de-Freitas and Marcela Cesar
                 Bolognesi and Ana Carolina dos Santos Gauy and Manuela
                 Lombardi Brand{\~a}o and Percilia Cardoso Giaquinto and
                 Marisa Fernandes-Castilho",
  title =        "Social Behavior and Welfare in \geoname{Nile}
                 Tilapia",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "23",
  day =          "27",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4020023",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/2/23",
  abstract =     "Fish social behavior can be affected by artificial
                 environments, particularly by factors that act upon
                 species that show aggressive behavior to set social
                 rank hierarchy. Although aggressive interactions are
                 part of the natural behavior in fish, if constant and
                 intense, such interactions can cause severe body
                 injuries, increase energy expenditure, and lead the
                 animals to suffer from social stress. The immediate
                 consequence of these factors is a reduced welfare in
                 social fish species. In this paper, we consider the
                 factors that impact on the social behavior and welfare
                 of Nile tilapia, an African cichlid fish widely used
                 both in fish farms and in research; this species is
                 frequently used as a model for physiology and behavior
                 research. This is a polygynous species whose males
                 interact aggressively, establishing a territorial based
                 hierarchy, where a dominant male and several
                 subordinate males arise. When social stability is
                 shrunk, the negative effects of prolonged fighting
                 emerge. In this paper, we summarized how some of the
                 common practices in aquaculture, such as classifying
                 individuals by matching their sizes, water renewal,
                 stock density, and environment lighting affect Nile
                 tilapia social aggressive interactions and, in turn,
                 impact on its welfare. We also discuss some ways to
                 decrease the effects of aggressive interactions in Nile
                 tilapia, such as environment color and body tactile
                 stimulation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{vonKrogh:2019:VEB,
  author =       "Kristine von Krogh and Erik Ropstad and Rasoul
                 Nourizadeh-Lillabadi and Trude Marie Haug and Finn-Arne
                 Weltzien",
  title =        "In Vitro Effects of Bisphenol {A} and
                 Tetrabromobisphenol {A} on Cell Viability and
                 Reproduction-Related Gene Expression in Pituitaries
                 from Sexually Maturing {Atlantic} Cod (\bioname{Gadus
                 morhua} {L.})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "48",
  day =          "17",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030048",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/48",
  abstract =     "Bisphenol A (BPA) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA)
                 are widely used industrial chemicals, ubiquitously
                 present in the environment. While BPA is a well-known
                 endocrine disruptor and able to affect all levels of
                 the teleost reproductive axis, information regarding
                 TBBPA on this subject is very limited. Using primary
                 cultures from Atlantic cod (\bioname{Gadus morhua}),
                 the present study was aimed at investigating potential
                 direct effects of acute (72 h) BPA and TBBPA exposure
                 on cell viability and the expression of
                 reproductive-relevant genes in the pituitary. The
                 results revealed that both bisphenols stimulate cell
                 viability in terms of metabolic activity and membrane
                 integrity at environmentally relevant concentrations.
                 BPA had no direct effects on gonadotropin gene
                 expression, but enhanced the expression of
                 gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor 2a, the
                 main gonadotropin modulator in Atlantic cod. In
                 contrast, TBBPA increased gonadotropin transcript
                 levels but had no effect on GnRH receptor mRNA. In
                 conclusion, both anthropogenic compounds display
                 endocrine disruptive properties and are able to
                 directly interfere with gene expression related to
                 reproductive function in cod pituitary cells at
                 environmentally relevant concentrations in vitro.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Rodriguez-Gonzalez:2019:PML,
  author =       "Tania Rodr{\'\i}guez-Gonz{\'a}lez and Jes{\'u}s Cerezo
                 Valverde and Benjam{\'\i}n Garc{\'\i}a Garc{\'\i}a",
  title =        "Performance of Marine Lecithin Supplemented Feeds for
                 the Common Octopus (\bioname{Octopus vulgaris})
                 Ongrowing: Changes in Proximate Composition and Lipid
                 Classes' Profile",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "47",
  day =          "12",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030047",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/47",
  abstract =     "The development of artificial diets is considered
                 vital for feasible cephalopods' culture.
                 \bioname{Octopus vulgaris} need a diet with a high
                 protein content but also lipids are important at a
                 lower quantity, as polar lipids and LC-PUFA are
                 essential for development during early stages. In the
                 present study the suitability of marine lecithin as a
                 dietary supplement for O. vulgaris juveniles'
                 formulated feeds was tested for 56 days, assessing the
                 performance, changes in proximate composition, and
                 lipid classes' profile in the digestive gland and
                 carcass. Sixteen octopus were fed one of two semi-moist
                 feeds based on dry ingredients: either CALPRO (N = 4)
                 as control or CALPRO-LM (N = 8); which differed from
                 the first, due to the inclusion of 20 g/kg of marine
                 lecithin as a phospholipid dietary supplement. Results
                 showed that marine lecithin did not enhance feed
                 intake, growth, protein or lipid incorporation,
                 nutrients digestibility or feed efficiency. Moreover,
                 at this level of inclusion, the composition of tissues
                 (digestive gland and carcass) regarding macronutrients
                 and lipid classes' profile presented only a small
                 amount of differences. In conclusion, the inclusion of
                 marine lecithin did not promote beneficial effects on
                 performance, making necessary further research related
                 to the nutritional requirements of common octopus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wagner:2019:NBM,
  author =       "Liane Wagner and Pedro G{\'o}mez-Requeni and Ali A.
                 Moazzami and Torbj{\"o}rn Lundh and Aleksandar
                 Vidakovic and Markus Langeland and Anders Kiessling and
                 Jana Pickova",
  title =        "{$^1$H} {NMR}-Based Metabolomics and Lipid Analyses
                 Revealed the Effect of Dietary Replacement of Microbial
                 Extracts or Mussel Meal with Fish Meal to {Arctic}
                 Charr (\bioname{Salvelinus alpinus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "46",
  day =          "10",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030046",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/46",
  abstract =     "The effects of replacing 40\% of dietary fish meal
                 (FM) in a reference diet (REF) with either mussel meal
                 (MM), zygomycete fungi (ZYG), extracted baker's yeast
                 (EY), or non-extracted baker's yeast (NY) on the lipid
                 and metabolic profile of Arctic charr
                 (\bioname{Salvelinus alpinus}) were investigated. After
                 a 14-week feeding trial, liver and muscle tissues were
                 collected for lipid (lipid content, lipid class, fatty
                 acid composition) and 1 H NMR-based metabolomics
                 analyses (aqueous and chloroform phases). Lipid
                 analyses showed that fish fed ZYG diet had lower liver
                 lipid content and thereby 10\% higher level of
                 docosahexaenoic acid compared with REF. Metabolomics
                 analyses showed that on the one hand fish fed NY diet
                 affected liver metabolites (2--3 fold higher
                 concentrations of e.g., n,n-dimethylglycine and
                 betaine) compared with REF, while, on the other hand,
                 the muscle metabolic fingerprint was mainly affected by
                 EY. In general, affected metabolites (e.g., alanine,
                 anserine, betaine, hydroxyproline, isoleucine,
                 malonate, n,n-dimethylglycine, proline, succinate, and
                 valine) in fish fed test diets suggested that the test
                 meal ingredients caused mainly a response in muscle
                 metabolism. Fish metabolism was least affected by MM,
                 which suggests that it may be suitable to replace fish
                 meal in Arctic charr diets.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pedescoll:2019:PPW,
  author =       "Anna Pedescoll and Rafael Aguado and Carlos Marcos and
                 Gustavo Gonz{\'a}lez",
  title =        "Performance of a Pool and Weir Fishway for {Iberian}
                 Cyprinids Migration: a Case Study",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "45",
  day =          "16",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030045",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/45",
  abstract =     "One of the movement barriers that fish populations
                 must overcome for migration success in the upper basin
                 of Tormes river (Salamanca, Spain) is a 20 m high dam.
                 The design of its pool and weir fishway for
                 potamodromous fishes (mostly Iberian barbel---
                 Luciobarbus bocagei ---and Northern straight-mouth
                 nase--- Pseudochondrostoma duriense) to overcome the
                 obstacle was improved in 2013. The aim of this study
                 was to assess the efficiency of the fishway using FDX
                 passive integrated transponder (PIT)-Tags inserted into
                 the fish and PIT-Tag detection antennas at the fishway.
                 During several sampling events, 7113 barbel and nase
                 individuals were tagged and released at the point of
                 capture along the basin (2538 and 4575 of which were
                 tagged downstream and upstream, respectively). PIT-Tag
                 Detection Antennas close to the top and bottom of the
                 fishway monitored tagged fish continuously for 10
                 months (from March to December 2017), to analyze the
                 performance of the fishway. Upstream passage efficiency
                 was greater for barbel (60\% and 25\% for barbel and
                 nase, respectively). Differences in passage efficiency
                 between species may be due to differences in their
                 size. Mean length for barbels attempting to pass was
                 336 mm ({\pm}47 mm) while for nases was 143 mm ({\pm}26
                 mm). Moreover, both the number of attempts to pass and
                 ascend time for nases were higher than for barbels.
                 Entrance efficiency was low (3.5\% and 10.8\% for
                 barbel and nase, respectively), although 2017 was a
                 very dry year, thus these results are most likely
                 influenced by flow rates. Therefore, the fishway has
                 proved to be functional but is actually poor for
                 efficiency purposes, especially for small fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Burton:2019:PEA,
  author =       "Michael L. Burton and Jennifer C. Potts and Andrew D.
                 Ostrowski",
  title =        "Preliminary Estimates of Age, Growth and Natural
                 Mortality of Margate, \bioname{Haemulon album}, and
                 Black Margate, \bioname{Anisotremus surinamensis}, from
                 the {Southeastern United States}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "44",
  day =          "15",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030044",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/44",
  abstract =     "Ages of margate, Haemulon album (n = 415) and black
                 margate, Anisotremus surinamensis (n = 130) were
                 determined using sectioned sagittal otoliths collected
                 from the Southeastern {United States} Atlantic coast
                 from 1979 to 2017. Opaque zones were annular, forming
                 between January and June for both species, with peaks
                 in occurrence of otoliths with opaque margins in April
                 for margate and March for black margate. The observed
                 ages for margate were 0--22 years, and the largest fish
                 measured 807 mm TL (total length). Black margate ranged
                 in age from 3 to 17 years, and the largest fish was 641
                 mm TL. Weight--length relationships were: margate,
                 ln(W) = 2.88 ln(TL) {-} 10.44 (n = 1327, r 2 = 0.97,
                 MSE = 0.02), where W is total weight (grams, g); black
                 margate, ln(W) = 3.02 ln(TL) {-} 11.10 (n = 451, r 2 =
                 0.95, MSE = 0.01). Von Bertalanffy growth equations
                 were L t = 731 (1 {-} e {-0}.23(t+0.38)) for margate,
                 and L t = 544 (1 {-} e {-0}.13(t+2.61)) for black
                 margate. After re-estimating black margate growth using
                 a bias-correction procedure to account for the lack of
                 younger fish, growth was described by the equation L t
                 = 523 (1 {-} e {-0}.18(t+0.0001)). Age-invariant
                 estimates of natural mortality were M = 0.19 y {-1} and
                 M = 0.23 y {-1} for margate and black margate,
                 respectively, while age-varying estimates of M ranged
                 from 2.93 {-0}.23 y {-1} for fish aged 0--22 for
                 margate and 7.20 {-} 0.19 y {-1} for fish aged 0--18
                 for black margate. This study presents the first
                 documentation of life-history parameters for margate
                 from the Atlantic waters off the Southeastern {United
                 States}, and the first published estimate of black
                 margate life history parameters from any geographic
                 region.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Herrera:2019:TSC,
  author =       "Mercedes Herrera and Raquel Moreno-Valc{\'a}rcel and
                 Ram{\'o}n De Miguel Rubio and Carlos
                 Fern{\'a}ndez-Delgado",
  title =        "From Transient to Sedentary? {Changes} in the Home
                 Range Size and Environmental Patterns of Movements of
                 {European} Eels (\bioname{Anguilla anguilla}) in a
                 {Mediterranean} River",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "43",
  day =          "13",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030043",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/43",
  abstract =     "The habitat use of eels during the development of
                 sedentary behavior, which depends on the animals' body
                 size, is unknown. Our objective was to analyze, for two
                 years, the changes in the home range of a population of
                 European eel (\bioname{Anguilla anguilla}, Linnaeus,
                 1758) in Southern Europe in relation to the animals'
                 body length (TL), and the influence of environmental
                 factors (water temperature and flow) on the local
                 movements of this population through observation of
                 their sedentary behavior. We used a
                 previously-validated mark--recapture methodology,
                 obtaining a low deviation in the estimation of the
                 extension of the eels' movements. Our results revealed
                 relatively short movements in relation to other
                 populations, and we hypothesize that this could be
                 related to the high habitat diversity and low eel
                 population density in the study area. The home range
                 size showed a high variability and dispersion among the
                 smallest eels, however, as TL increased, the
                 variability of home range size decreased, and home
                 ranges were larger. These changes could be associated
                 with the acquisition of a sedentary lifestyle. Once
                 eels had become sedentary, an environmental pattern was
                 observed between their movements and the water
                 temperature and flow, with larger movements observed as
                 the flow increased and water temperature decreased.
                 This suggests that the temporal and spatial scales of
                 observation are of crucial importance for monitoring
                 eel populations and for the study of population size
                 structure, population dynamics, and biology, which can
                 be used to improve conservation strategies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pontigo:2019:MEI,
  author =       "Juan Pablo Pontigo and Julia Saravia and Ricardo
                 Oyarz{\'u}n and Margarita P. Gonz{\'a}lez and
                 Christopher Hawes and Francisco J. Morera and Jorge
                 Pino and Simon Wadsworth and Jose Luis P. Mu{\~n}oz and
                 Luis Vargas-Chacoff",
  title =        "Modulation of the Expression of Immune-related Gene in
                 {Atlantic} and {Coho} Salmon during Infestation with
                 the Sea lice \bioname{Caligus rogercresseyi}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "42",
  day =          "25",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030042",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/42",
  abstract =     "\bioname{Caligus rogercresseyi}, a marine
                 ectoparasite, causes notable economic losses for the
                 Chilean salmonid industry. Nevertheless, the
                 immunological responses of infected fish remain poorly
                 understood, including proinflammatory cytokine
                 generation and the respective modulatory effects of
                 various cytokine receptors. This study evaluated mRNA
                 expression of the NLRC5, major histocompatibility
                 complex (MHC) class II, I-kappa-B-alpha, a regulatory
                 that inhibits NF-kappa-B, and proinflammatory cytokines
                 (IL-1{\beta} and IL-18) in the liver and muscle of
                 Atlantic salmon (\bioname{Salmo salar}) and {Coho}
                 salmon (\bioname{Oncorhynchus kisutch}) during a
                 time-course C. rogercresseyi infestation trial. All
                 assessed mRNA were strongly regulated during
                 infestation, but S. salar showed up-regulated
                 expression, possibly accounting for the high
                 infestation vulnerability of this salmonid. In
                 conclusion, this work helps to understand the
                 modulation of the expression of different transcripts
                 involved over short periods of C. rogercresseyi
                 infestation in two salmonid species (\bioname{S. salar}
                 and \bioname{O. kisutch}).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wylie:2019:ISF,
  author =       "Matthew J. Wylie and Alvin N. Setiawan and Glen W.
                 Irvine and Abigail Elizur and Yonathan Zohar and Jane
                 E. Symonds and P. Mark Lokman",
  title =        "Induced Spawning of {F1} Wreckfish ({H{\=a}puku})
                 \bioname{Polyprion oxygeneios} Using a Synthetic
                 Agonist of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "41",
  day =          "08",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030041",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/41",
  abstract =     "Wild-caught h{\=a}puku (\bioname{Polyprion
                 oxygeneios}) spawn readily in captivity, but although
                 first filial (F1) h{\=a}puku complete vitellogenesis,
                 females fail to undergo oocyte maturation and spawn or
                 produce poor quality eggs. This study investigated
                 whether administration of a synthetic agonist of
                 gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRHa) could improve F1
                 h{\=a}puku spawning and complete the life-cycle in
                 captivity. Spawning trials were conducted over 2 years
                 in 2013 and 2014, when F1 were aged five and six years.
                 In 2013, females previously conditioned under a
                 variable or constant temperature regime were implanted
                 with GnRHa (100 {\mu}g/kg {-1}) or blank implants
                 constructed of powdered cellulose and cholesterol.
                 Spawning was erratic and egg quality very poor in all
                 tanks. No F2 offspring were produced by communal
                 spawning. In contrast, viable F2 larvae were produced
                 by strip-spawning and in vitro fertilization after a
                 series of GnRHa injections. In 2014, two additional
                 trials were conducted: females received ethylene-vinyl
                 acetate copolymer (EVAc) matrix implants containing
                 GnRHa (100 {\mu}g/kg {-1}) or blank implants and in the
                 second trial, two GnRHa doses (100 {\mu}g/kg {-1} and
                 50 {\mu}g/kg {-1}) were tested. Eggs were first
                 detected in all tanks 12--17 days post-implantation
                 when females received 100 $ \mu $ g/kg {-1} GnRHa
                 implants, but not in the lower dose or control tanks.
                 In summary, this study achieved induction of female
                 spawning with GnRHa implants (target dose 100 {\mu}g/kg
                 {-1}) and the successful production of F2 h{\=a}puku in
                 captivity by strip-spawning.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Taylor:2019:SBC,
  author =       "Brett M. Taylor",
  title =        "Standing Out in a Big Crowd: High Cultural and
                 Economic Value of \bioname{Naso unicornis} in the
                 Insular {Pacific}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "40",
  day =          "03",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030040",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/40",
  abstract =     "Hundreds of fish species are harvested in coral-reef
                 fisheries in the Indo-Pacific region using a variety of
                 fishing gears. This diversity makes the economics,
                 ecology, and management of reef-associated fisheries
                 inherently complex. However, across insular fisheries
                 spanning the tropical Pacific, one species consistently
                 dominates contemporary fisheries catch: the bluespine
                 unicornfish (\bioname{Naso unicornis}, Acanthuridae). I
                 evaluated the relative contribution of N. unicornis to
                 commercial fisheries in the insular Pacific region from
                 long-term ({$>$1} year) fishery surveys across various
                 jurisdictions and provide evidence of the contemporary
                 cultural value of this species. Overall, evidence
                 suggests that N. unicornis is the most
                 commercially-valuable reef-associated fish species
                 across the insular Pacific. This notion, coupled with a
                 diverse representation of N. unicornis across Pacific
                 cultures, suggests that the species is presently
                 underappreciated in its role in coastal fisheries
                 across Pacific Island nations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Saraiva:2019:WFN,
  author =       "Jo{\~a}o L. Saraiva and Pablo Arechavala-Lopez",
  title =        "Welfare of Fish --- No Longer the Elephant in the
                 Room",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "39",
  day =          "03",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030039",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/39",
  abstract =     "Hundreds of fish species are harvested in coral-reef
                 fisheries in the Indo-Pacific region using a variety of
                 fishing gears. This diversity makes the economics,
                 ecology, and management of reef-associated fisheries
                 inherently complex. However, across insular fisheries
                 spanning the tropical Pacific, one species consistently
                 dominates contemporary fisheries catch: the bluespine
                 unicornfish (\bioname{Naso unicornis}, Acanthuridae). I
                 evaluated the relative contribution of N. unicornis to
                 commercial fisheries in the insular Pacific region from
                 long-term ({$>$1} year) fishery surveys across various
                 jurisdictions and provide evidence of the contemporary
                 cultural value of this species. Overall, evidence
                 suggests that N. unicornis is the most
                 commercially-valuable reef-associated fish species
                 across the insular Pacific. This notion, coupled with a
                 diverse representation of N. unicornis across Pacific
                 cultures, suggests that the species is presently
                 underappreciated in its role in coastal fisheries
                 across Pacific Island nations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hashizume:2019:HMD,
  author =       "Atsushi Hashizume and Atsushi Ido and Takashi Ohta and
                 Serigne Thierno Thiaw and Ryusaku Morita and Munenori
                 Nishikawa and Takayuki Takahashi and Chiemi Miura and
                 Takeshi Miura",
  title =        "Housefly (\booktitle{Musca domestica}) Larvae
                 Preparations after Removing the Hydrophobic Fraction
                 Are Effective Alternatives to Fish Meal in Aquaculture
                 Feed for Red Seabream (\bioname{Pagrus major})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "38",
  day =          "27",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030038",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/38",
  abstract =     "Insects are an attractive alternative to fish meal
                 (FM) as a sustainable protein source in aquaculture
                 feed that does not negatively impact the marine
                 ecosystem. Despite housefly (Musca domestica) larvae
                 having adequacy of amino acid profiles, they have
                 sometimes been reported to be inferior to FM,
                 especially for marine carnivorous fish species. Here,
                 we report that the removal of the hydrophobic fractions
                 from housefly larvae enables significant replacement of
                 FM in the diet of the red seabream (\bioname{Pagrus
                 major}). In a feeding trial, housefly (HF) larvae that
                 had the hydrophobic fraction removed as a complete
                 substitution for 70\% FM produced satisfactory growth.
                 However, HF larvae that were supplemented with the
                 hydrophobic fraction resulted in significant growth
                 reduction. Growth recovery was incomplete by
                 supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and
                 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to undefatted HF larvae,
                 being equivalent to that of fatty acid content with a
                 control diet. Moreover, fish with a dietary intake of
                 catechol identified from the hydrophobic fraction of
                 the HF showed growth reduction and morphological
                 alterations in the intestine. Our findings indicate
                 that the hydrophobic fraction from HF larvae contains a
                 negative factor for fish growth and eliminating the
                 fraction from HF larvae is thought to be an important
                 process for sustainable aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gomez-Requeni:2019:DLC,
  author =       "Pedro G{\'o}mez-Requeni and Mauricio Nestor Kraemer
                 and Luis Fabi{\'a}n Canosa",
  title =        "The Dietary Lipid Content Affects the Tissue Gene
                 Expression of Muscle Growth Biomarkers and the
                 {GH\slash IGF} System of Pejerrey (\bioname{Odontesthes
                 bonariensis}) Juveniles",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "37",
  day =          "27",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030037",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/37",
  abstract =     "Gene expression of growth hormone receptors (GHRs),
                 insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), myostatin (MSTN)
                 and myogenin (MyoG) was analyzed in juveniles pejerrey
                 fed with graded levels of lipids (L): 6\% (L6), 10\%
                 (L10), 25\% (L25). After 14 weeks, no changes were
                 found in liver GHR-I GHR-II and IGF-II mRNA levels
                 whereas IGF-I decreased in L10 and L25. Muscle GHR-I
                 gene expression increased in L25 whereas GHR-II, IGF-II
                 and MyoG were higher in L6. IGF-I and MSTN expression
                 was not affected by the different diets. Adipose IGF-I
                 mRNA levels decreased in L10. Correlations between body
                 weight and members of GH/IGF system in liver and
                 skeletal muscle were found only in L10 group.
                 Correlations found in L10 group between both liver and
                 skeletal muscle GHR-I and IGF-I were lost in either L6
                 or L25 groups. Thus, fish fed with apparently
                 unbalanced dietary lipid contents (6\% and 25\%)
                 exhibit a compensatory regulation of systemic and local
                 components of the GH/IGF axis. Furthermore, the marked
                 inhibition of muscle MyoG gene expression in L25 might
                 limit excessive lipid deposition and fish growth. Our
                 data suggest that a dietary lipid contents of 10\%
                 would promote a particular adjustment of the endocrine
                 and autocrine/paracrine GH/IGF system, stimulating body
                 growth and perhaps muscle hyperplasia. On the other
                 hand, a higher dietary lipid content would uncouple the
                 GH/IGF system, reducing hepatic IGF-I, while slightly
                 increasing hepatic GHR-I, probably to prompt
                 lipolysis.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Burton:2019:AGN,
  author =       "Michael L. Burton and Jennifer C. Potts and Andrew D.
                 Ostrowski and Kyle W. Shertzer",
  title =        "Age, Growth, and Natural Mortality of Graysby,
                 \bioname{Cephalophilis cruentata}, from the
                 {Southeastern United States}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "36",
  day =          "27",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4030036",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:23 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/3/36",
  abstract =     "Graysby (Cephalophilis cruentata) (n = 1308) collected
                 from the southeastern {United States} Atlantic coast
                 from 2001 to 2016 were aged using sectioned sagittal
                 otoliths. Opaque zones formed February to June (peaking
                 in April). Ages ranged from 2 to 21 years, and the
                 largest fish measured 453 mm TL. Growth morph analysis
                 revealed two regionally distinct growth trajectories:
                 von Bertalanffy growth equations were L t = 388 (1 {-}
                 e {-0}.12(t+5.73)) for fish from North Carolina through
                 southeast Florida (northern region), and L t = 267 (1
                 {-} e {-0}.17(t+6.20)) for fish from the Florida Keys
                 (southern region). When growth was re-estimated using a
                 fixed t 0 value of {-0}.75 to estimate for smaller
                 fish, growth equations were L t = 349 (1 {-} e
                 {-0}.26(t+0.75)) and L t = 250 (1 {-} e
                 {-0}.43(t+0.75)) for fish from the northern and
                 southern regions, respectively. The age-invariant
                 estimate of natural mortality was M = 0.30 for all
                 fish, while age-specific estimates ranged 0.88--0.28 y
                 {-1} for fish aged 1--21 from the northern region and
                 0.89--0.47 y {-1} for fish aged 1--15 from the southern
                 region. This study presents the first comprehensive
                 analysis of life-history parameters for graysby from
                 the Atlantic waters off the southeastern {United
                 States}, including specimens from both recreational and
                 commercial fisheries.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Babin:2019:DRA,
  author =       "Amanda Babin and Lauren Fitzpatrick and Tommi
                 Linnansaari and R. Allen Curry",
  title =        "Detection Range of Acoustic Receivers in a Large
                 Hydropower Reservoir",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "60",
  day =          "11",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040060",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/60",
  abstract =     "Acoustic telemetry manufacturers report estimated
                 detection ranges under idealized conditions, but
                 environmental conditions such as water depth, substrate
                 type, and turbulence can affect the range of reliable
                 detection. Range testing of low (Vemco V7 136 dB re 1$
                 \mu $ [email protected]) and high power (V13 147 dB re
                 1$ \mu $ [email protected]) acoustic transmitters
                 (tags) was performed near a hydropower generating
                 station and its associated reservoir using both active
                 (mobile; VR100) and passive (stationary; VR2W/VR2Tx)
                 receivers. Low power tags are typically used to track
                 small fish such as juvenile Atlantic salmon
                 (\bioname{Salmo salar}), whereas high power tags are
                 typically used to track larger fish such as adult
                 salmon. The results found herein were applied to
                 concurrent salmon telemetry studies. Detection ranges
                 of the low power tags were within 246--351 {\pm} 20--70
                 m (mean {\pm} SE), and the high power tags were within
                 537--1106 {\pm} 53--272 m. Observed detection ranges
                 were comparable or higher to manufacturer estimates for
                 both tag types being detected by passive receivers, and
                 were lower than expected for both tag types being
                 detected by active receivers. Passive receivers were
                 further tested by mooring a fixed sentinel tag (low
                 power) on a receiver line at the hydropower site for 50
                 days. The sentinel tag detection range of 212 m was
                 less than the expected range of 280--292 m, and was not
                 found to be significantly impacted by wind speed. There
                 was evidence of a hydropower effect on detection
                 probability (up to 95\% reduction) of both tag types
                 for the active receiver, and detection ranges were
                 significantly lower at the hydropower site than the
                 reservoir site for the high power tag. The results of
                 this study give insight to the initial design of
                 acoustic telemetry studies beyond what can be gathered
                 from manufacturer's estimates, but rather near
                 hydropower facilities and within large reservoirs;
                 however, detection ranges reported herein do not
                 replace the importance of range testing in
                 site-specific conditions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Buckwalter:2019:DLD,
  author =       "Joseph Buckwalter and Paul L. Angermeier and Jane
                 Argentina and Skylar Wolf and Stephen Floyd and Eric M.
                 Hallerman",
  title =        "Drift of Larval Darters (Family {Percidae}) in the
                 {Upper Roanoke River Basin, USA}, Characterized Using
                 Phenotypic and {DNA} Barcoding Markers",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "59",
  day =          "08",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040059",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/59",
  abstract =     "Larval fish ecology is poorly characterized because
                 sampling is difficult and tools for phenotypically
                 identifying larvae are poorly developed. While DNA
                 barcoding can help address the latter problem,
                 `universal' primers do not work for all fish species.
                 The Roanoke River in the southeastern {United States}
                 includes seven darters (Family Percide: Tribe
                 Etheostomatini). We made 393 collections of larval
                 fishes in 2015 and 2018, examined darter larvae for
                 morphometric and pigmentation traits, developed PCR
                 primers amplifying darter DNA, and evaluated three gear
                 types for collecting larval darters. Amplified DNA
                 sequences for 1351 larvae matched archived
                 mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequences for
                 darters occurring in the ecosystem. Larval darters were
                 classified to genus with 100\% accuracy using the ratio
                 of pectoral fin length to body length; however,
                 identification to species using morphometrics alone was
                 subject to a misclassification rate of 11.8\%, which
                 can be resolved by considering pigmentation patterns.
                 Gear-types varied considerably in their capture
                 efficacy for larval darters; most Percina larvae were
                 collected in drift nets. Larval Percina species
                 appeared in the drift before Etheostoma species in both
                 study years. Application of molecular genetic and
                 phenotypic tools to larval fish identification can
                 advance understanding of larval darter ecology.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ferreira:2019:DEC,
  author =       "Marco Ferreira and Jo{\~a}o Gago and Filipe Ribeiro",
  title =        "Diet of {European} Catfish in a Newly Invaded Region",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "58",
  day =          "08",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040058",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/58",
  abstract =     "Biological invasions are considered to be one of the
                 leading causes of biodiversity loss worldwide.
                 Freshwater ecosystems are amongst the most biodiverse,
                 containing about 50\% of the world's known fish species
                 but, ironically, are the most invaded ecosystems. In
                 Portuguese freshwaters, there are currently 20
                 identified non-native fishes, arriving at an
                 unprecedented rate of a new species every two years. A
                 recent non-native is the European catfish
                 \bioname{Silurus glanis}, a top predator native to
                 Central and Eastern Europe, that arrived at the Lower
                 Tagus (Portugal) circa 2006. This study compares the
                 dietary habits of this top predator in two different
                 habitats of the Lower Tagus in order to evaluate its
                 potential impact. The stomach contents of 96
                 individuals were analyzed, 61 from the lotic
                 environment and 35 from the lentic systems. A total of
                 66 stomachs contained prey items, 38 from the lotic and
                 28 from the lentic. Diet varied considerably between
                 habitats, with shrimp and crayfish being the most
                 abundant prey items in the lentic systems and shrimp
                 and fish the most abundant prey items in the lotic
                 section. Tendency to piscivory was observed in
                 large-sized individuals. Overall, the findings in this
                 study provide the first evidence of the potential
                 impacts of European catfish through predation on the
                 fish communities.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lazado:2019:SPS,
  author =       "Carlo C. Lazado and Peter Vilhelm Skov",
  title =        "Secretory Proteins in the Skin Mucus of \geoname{Nile}
                 Tilapia (\bioname{Oreochromis niloticus}) are Modulated
                 Temporally by Photoperiod and Bacterial Endotoxin
                 Cues",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "57",
  day =          "05",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040057",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/57",
  abstract =     "Although it is well known that the biological and
                 physical characteristics of skin mucus in fishes are
                 strongly affected by changes in environmental
                 conditions, the influence of photoperiod and
                 time-dependent bacterial endotoxin stimulation is not
                 well documented. In the present study, we determined
                 the diel variations in the basal activities of
                 secretory proteins with known defense functions in the
                 skin mucus of Nile tilapia (\bioname{Oreochromis
                 niloticus}) maintained under two photic environments:
                 equal length of day and night (12L:12D, LD) or total
                 darkness (0L:24D, DD). A second experiment was
                 conducted to determine how time-dependent (i.e., day
                 versus night) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge could
                 influence these skin mucosal defenses. The results
                 revealed that LD signal differentially modulated the
                 activities of mucosal immune molecules. Fish subjected
                 to LD regime showed significantly higher levels of skin
                 mucus lysozyme and protease at nighttime than at
                 daytime. This distinct feature was not observed in fish
                 under DD. There was no general mucosal response
                 patterns to time-dependent LPS challenge. Nonetheless,
                 protease and lysozyme, which were identified to be at
                 elevated levels at night, were significantly modulated
                 when the endotoxin was administered at nighttime.
                 Ceruloplasmin was the only molecule that responded to
                 LPS challenge at daytime, where its activity
                 significantly increased at 8 h post-stimulation.
                 Collectively, the results revealed that photoperiod
                 cues influenced the activities of mucosal defenses and
                 this may play, at least in part, in the temporal
                 sensitivity to bacterial endotoxin.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Martinez:2019:EEA,
  author =       "Francisca P. Mart{\'\i}nez and Laura Berm{\'u}dez and
                 Mar{\'\i}a J. Aznar and Francisco J. Moyano",
  title =        "Evaluation of Enzyme Additives on the Nutritional Use
                 of Feeds with a High Content of Plant Ingredients for
                 \bioname{Mugil cephalus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "56",
  day =          "04",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040056",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/56",
  abstract =     "The Mugilidae are a group of fish with a great
                 interest for aquaculture due to their omnivorous
                 profile, rapid growth, and resistance to environmental
                 variations. The selection of feed ingredients for these
                 species is currently focused on an extensive use of
                 plant by-products, with this being limited by their
                 content in anti-nutritive factors (mainly phytate and
                 non-starch polysaccharides; NSPs). Nevertheless,
                 specific enzymes can be used to counteract some of
                 those negative effects. In the present study, the
                 effect of pretreating two high-plant feeds with a
                 mixture of enzymes (glucanases + phytase) on the
                 digestive use of protein and phosphorus by juvenile
                 mullets (\bioname{Mugil cephalus}) was assessed using
                 both in vitro and in vivo assays. The enzymatic
                 treatment significantly modified the potential
                 bioavailability of some nutrients, such as a reduction
                 of sugars, pentoses, and phytic phosphorus. Also, it
                 increased the digestibility of protein in one of the
                 feeds but reduced that of phosphorus in both of them.
                 The potential usefulness of enzyme treatment and the
                 information provided by the two types of assays are
                 discussed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sanchez-Nuno:2019:MPR,
  author =       "Sergio S{\'a}nchez-Nu{\~n}o and Sandra C. Silva and
                 Pedro M. Guerreiro and Borja Ord{\'o}{\~n}ez-Grande and
                 Ignasi Sanahuja and Laura Fern{\'a}ndez-Alacid and
                 Antoni Ibarz",
  title =        "Modulation of Pituitary Response by Dietary Lipids and
                 Throughout a Temperature Fluctuation Challenge in
                 Gilthead Sea Bream",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "55",
  day =          "22",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040055",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/55",
  abstract =     "Low temperatures provoke drastic reductions in
                 gilthead sea bream (\bioname{Sparus aurata}) activity
                 and nourishment, leading to growth arrest and a halt in
                 production. However, scarce data exist concerning the
                 implications of central core control during the cold
                 season. The aim of this work was to study the effects
                 of low temperature and recovery from such exposure on
                 the pituitary activity of sea bream juveniles fed 18\%
                 or 14\% dietary lipid. A controlled indoor trial was
                 performed to simulate natural temperature fluctuation
                 (22 {$^\circ $}C to 14 {$^\circ $}C to 22 {$^\circ
                 $}C). Meanwhile, we determined the regulatory role of
                 the pituitary by analyzing the gene expression of some
                 pituitary hormones and hormone receptors via qPCR, as
                 well as plasma levels of thyroidal hormones. In
                 response to higher dietary lipids, hormone pituitary
                 expressions were up-regulated. Induced low temperatures
                 and lower ingesta modulated pituitary function
                 up-regulating GH and TSH and thyroid and glucocorticoid
                 receptors. All these findings demonstrate the capacity
                 of the pituitary to recognize both external conditions
                 and to modulate its response accordingly. However,
                 growth, peripheral tissues and metabolism were not
                 linked or connected to pituitary function at low
                 temperatures, which opens an interesting field of study
                 to interpret the hypothalamus--pituitary--target axis
                 during temperature fluctuations in fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Degani:2019:VBG,
  author =       "Gad Degani and Amir Alon and Akram Hajouj and Ari
                 Meerson",
  title =        "Vitellogenesis in Blue Gourami is Accompanied by Brain
                 Transcriptome Changes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "54",
  day =          "29",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040054",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/54",
  abstract =     "The blue gourami (\bioname{Trichogaster trichopterus})
                 is a model for hormonal control of reproduction in
                 Anabantidae fish, but also relevant to other
                 vertebrates. We analyzed the female blue gourami brain
                 transcriptome in two developmental stages:
                 pre-vitellogenesis (PVTL) before yolk accumulation in
                 the oocytes, and high vitellogenesis (HVTL) at the end
                 of yolk accumulation in the oocytes. RNA sequencing of
                 whole-brain transcriptome identified 34,368 unique
                 transcripts, 23,710 of which could be annotated by
                 homology with other species. We focused on the
                 transcripts showing significant differences between the
                 stages. Seventeen and fourteen annotated genes were
                 found to be upregulated in PVTL and HVTL, respectively.
                 Five nuclear transcripts, three of which contain the
                 homeobox domain (ARX, DLX5, CERS6), were upregulated in
                 PVTL. Additionally, several receptors previously known
                 to be involved in reproduction were identified, and
                 three of these, G-protein coupled receptor 54, Membrane
                 progesterone receptor epsilon, and
                 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone II receptor (GPCR, mPR,
                 and GnRHR) were measured by quantitative RT-PCR in
                 brain, pituitary, and ovary samples from PVTL and HVTL
                 stage females. Of these, GPCR was highly expressed in
                 the brain and pituitary as compared to the ovary in
                 both PVTL and HVTL. GnRHR was highly expressed in the
                 ovary compared to the brain and pituitary, and its
                 levels in the brain were significantly higher in PVTL
                 than HVTL. Brain mPR mRNA levels were likewise higher
                 in PVTL than HVTL. In conclusion, this study details
                 changes in the female blue gourami brain transcriptome
                 through yolk accumulation in the oocytes and identifies
                 key genes that may mediate this process.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lobel:2019:GAP,
  author =       "Lisa Kerr Lobel and Devin M. Drown and Paul H. Barber
                 and Phillip S. Lobel",
  title =        "A Genetic Assessment of Parentage in the Blackspot
                 Sergeant Damselfish, \bioname{Abudefduf sordidus}
                 ({Pisces: Pomacentridae})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "53",
  day =          "24",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040053",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/53",
  abstract =     "Microsatellite markers were used to investigate the
                 reproductive behavior of the damselfish Abudefduf
                 sordidus at Johnston Atoll, Central Pacific Ocean.
                 Genetic results indicated that ten males maintained
                 guardianship over their nest territories for up to nine
                 nest cycles during a 3.5 month period. Genotypes of
                 1025 offspring sampled from 68 nests (composed of 129
                 clutches) were consistent with 95\% of the offspring
                 being sired by the guardian male. Offspring lacking
                 paternal alleles at two or more loci were found in 19
                 clutches, indicating that reproductive parasitism and
                 subsequent alloparental care occurred. Reconstructed
                 maternal genotypes allowed the identification of a
                 minimum of 74 different females that spawned with these
                 ten territorial males. Males were polygynous, mating
                 with multiple females within and between cycles.
                 Genetic data from nests, which consisted of up to four
                 clutches during a reproductive cycle, indicated that
                 each clutch usually had only one maternal contributor
                 and that different clutches each had different dams.
                 Females displayed sequential polyandry spawning with
                 one male within a cycle but switched males in
                 subsequent spawning cycles. These results highlight new
                 findings regarding male parasitic spawning, polygyny,
                 and sequential polyandry in a marine fish with
                 exclusive male paternal care.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Matsubara:2019:CSS,
  author =       "Hajime Matsubara and P. Mark Lokman and Yukinori
                 Kazeto and Hiromi Okumura and Shigeho Ijiri and
                 Toshiaki Hirai and Graham Young and Shinji Adachi and
                 Kohei Yamauchi",
  title =        "Changes in Sex Steroids and Ovarian Steroidogenic
                 Enzyme {mRNA} Levels in Artificially Maturing
                 {Japanese} Eel (\bioname{Anguilla japonica}) and
                 Naturally Maturing New {Zealand} Longfin Eel
                 (\bioname{Anguilla dieffenbachii}) during
                 Vitellogenesis",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "52",
  day =          "17",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040052",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/52",
  abstract =     "Repeated hormone injections are routinely used to
                 induce advanced stages of oogenesis in freshwater eels,
                 but this approach may result in aberrant germ cell
                 development. To investigate the underlying causes,
                 levels of sex steroids (testosterone, T;
                 estradiol-17{\beta}, E2) and ovarian steroidogenic
                 enzyme mRNAs were compared between artificially
                 maturing Japanese eels and wild-caught, spontaneously
                 maturing New Zealand longfin eels. The latter were
                 employed as reference, as wild Japanese eels in
                 advanced stages of oogenesis are near-impossible to
                 catch. Serum T levels in artificially maturing Japanese
                 eel changed with stage in a pattern that was comparable
                 to that in longfin eels. Likewise, ovarian mRNA levels
                 of most steroidogenic enzyme genes were not
                 qualitatively dissimilar between both eel species when
                 taking developmental stage into account. However,
                 aromatase (cyp19a) mRNA levels, together with serum E2
                 levels, rapidly increased in artificially maturing
                 Japanese eels in mid-late stages of oogenesis
                 (gonadosomatic index, GSI = 13.8\%), whereas no such
                 increase was evident in longfin eels (GSI $ \approx $
                 6.9\%). In addition, sex steroid and target gene mRNA
                 levels fluctuated drastically with each hormone
                 injection. We contend that expression of most target
                 genes, possibly even that of cyp19a, during induced
                 oogenesis could be ``normal'', with the drastic
                 fluctuations due most likely to hormone delivery
                 through repeated injections. The effects of these
                 fluctuations on gamete quality remain unknown and
                 resolving this issue may prove fruitful in the future
                 to further artificial propagation of anguillid eels.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Papai:2019:NCB,
  author =       "N{\'o}ra P{\'a}pai and Ferenc Kagan and Gy{\"o}rgy
                 Csik{\'o}s and M{\'o}nika Kosztelnik and Tibor Vellai
                 and M{\'a}t{\'e} Varga",
  title =        "No Correlation between Endo- and Exoskeletal
                 Regenerative Capacities in Teleost Species",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "51",
  day =          "14",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040051",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/51",
  abstract =     "The regeneration of paired appendages in certain fish
                 and amphibian lineages is a well established and
                 extensively studied regenerative phenomenon. The
                 teleost fin is comprised of a proximal endoskeletal
                 part (considered homologous to the Tetrapod limb) and a
                 distal exoskeletal one, and these two parts form their
                 bony elements through different ossification processes.
                 In the past decade, a significant body of literature
                 has been generated about the biology of exoskeletal
                 regeneration in zebrafish. However, it is still not
                 clear if this knowledge can be applied to the
                 regeneration of endoskeletal parts. To address this
                 question, we decided to compare endo- and exoskeletal
                 regenerative capacity in zebrafish (\bioname{Danio
                 rerio}) and mudskippers (Periophthalmus barbarous). In
                 contrast to the reduced endoskeleton of zebrafish,
                 Periophthalmus has well developed pectoral fins with a
                 large and easily accessible endoskeleton. We performed
                 exo- and endoskeletal amputations in both species and
                 followed the regenerative processes. Unlike the almost
                 flawless exoskeletal regeneration observed in
                 zebrafish, regeneration following endoskeletal
                 amputation is often impaired in this species. This
                 difference is even more pronounced in Periophthalmus
                 where we could observe no regeneration in endoskeletal
                 structures. Therefore, regeneration is regulated
                 differentially in the exo- and endoskeleton of teleost
                 species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Andrews:2019:CAS,
  author =       "Samuel N. Andrews and Sarah V. Hirtle and Tommi
                 Linnansaari and R. Allen Curry",
  title =        "Consumption of {Atlantic} Salmon Smolt by Striped
                 Bass: a Review of the Predator--Prey Encounter
                 Literature and Implications for the Design of Effective
                 Sampling Strategies",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "50",
  day =          "11",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040050",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/50",
  abstract =     "The native striped bass (\bioname{Morone saxatilis})
                 population of the Miramichi River, New Brunswick is
                 undergoing an unprecedented recovery while Atlantic
                 salmon (\bioname{Salmo salar}) numbers within that
                 system continue to decline. Atlantic salmon smolt
                 depart from the Miramichi system during the striped
                 bass spawning period and it is hypothesized that
                 elevated striped bass abundances will increase
                 encounter rates and predation on smolts. We summarize
                 all available striped bass diet studies occurring
                 within the native range of Atlantic salmon and present
                 a review of the feeding behavior and diet preferences
                 of striped bass before, during, and after their
                 spawning period. The key studies vary in methodologies
                 and interpretability. We present a standardized
                 approach for assessing striped bass predation threats
                 and smolt vulnerability and thus an improved
                 understanding of the species interactions to guide
                 future management in the Miramichi River.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Valdez:2019:ASC,
  author =       "Jose W. Valdez and Kapil Mandrekar",
  title =        "Assessing the Species in the {CARES Preservation
                 Program} and the Role of Aquarium Hobbyists in
                 Freshwater Fish Conservation",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "4",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "49",
  day =          "29",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2019",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes4040049",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/4/4/49",
  abstract =     "Freshwater fish represent half of all fish species and
                 are the most threatened vertebrate group. Given their
                 considerable passion and knowledge, aquarium hobbyists
                 can play a vital role in their conservation. CARES is
                 made up of many organizations, whose purpose is to
                 encourage aquarium hobbyists to devote tank space to
                 the most endangered and overlooked freshwater fish to
                 ensure their survival. We found the CARES priority list
                 contains nearly six hundred species from twenty
                 families and two dozen extinct-in-the-wild species. The
                 major families were typically those with the largest
                 hobbyist affiliations such as killifish, livebearers,
                 and cichlids, the latter containing half of CARES
                 species. CARES included every IUCN threatened species
                 of Pseudomugilidae and Valenciidae, but only one
                 percent of threatened Characidae, Cobitidae, and
                 Gobiidae species. No Loricariidae in CARES were in the
                 IUCN red list as they have not been scientifically
                 described. Tanzania and Mexico contained the largest
                 amount of species, with the latter containing the most
                 endemics. Many species were classified differently than
                 the IUCN, including a third of extinct-in-the-wild
                 species classified as least concern by the IUCN. This
                 vast disconnect exemplifies the importance of future
                 collaboration and information exchange required between
                 hobbyists, the scientific community, and conservation
                 organizations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ceballos-Francisco:2020:ELD,
  author =       "Diana Ceballos-Francisco and Alberto Cuesta and
                 Mar{\'\i}a {\'A}ngeles Esteban",
  title =        "Effect of Light--Dark Cycle on Skin Mucosal Immune
                 Activities of Gilthead Seabream (\bioname{Sparus
                 aurata}) and {European} Sea Bass
                 (\bioname{Dicentrarchus labrax})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "10",
  day =          "24",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5010010",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/1/10",
  abstract =     "Changes in different immune activities in the skin
                 mucus of gilthead seabream (\bioname{Sparus aurata}
                 {L.}) and European sea bass (\bioname{Dicentrarchus
                 labrax} {L.}) specimens exposed to a constant
                 light--dark photoperiod (12 h L:12 h D) were studied.
                 Samples were collected at 08:00 (light on), 14:00,
                 20:00 (light off), 02:00, and again at 08:00 to
                 determine immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels, several
                 enzymes related to the immune system, and bactericidal
                 activity. IgM levels were higher during the day in
                 seabream and reached a minimum value at 20:00, but it
                 was hardly affected in sea bass. No significant
                 variations were recorded in the levels of protease and
                 antiprotease. Peroxidase reached its maximum level in
                 seabream at 02:00, the same time that it reached its
                 minimum level in sea bass. Lysozyme showed little
                 variation in seabream, but it was significantly lower
                 at 14:00 than during the rest of the cycle in sea bass.
                 Finally, different interspecific variations on
                 bactericidal activity against \bioname{Vibrio harveyi}
                 were recorded. The findings demonstrate that the immune
                 parameters present in skin mucus of these important
                 fish species are affected by the light--dark cycle and
                 that there are substantial interspecies differences.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lopez:2020:SMC,
  author =       "Annalaura Lopez and Mauro Vasconi and Federica
                 Bellagamba and Tiziana Mentasti and Vittorio Maria
                 Moretti",
  title =        "Sturgeon Meat and Caviar Quality from Different
                 Cultured Species",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "9",
  day =          "07",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5010009",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/1/9",
  abstract =     "Sturgeon raw eggs, caviar and meat obtained from
                 different species reared in an Italian production plant
                 were evaluated for their chemical composition, in order
                 to improve their appreciation on the market and to
                 detect any eventual distinctness related to the
                 species. Mainly, fatty acid (FA) profile of eggs and
                 caviar, determined by Gas-Chromatography coupled to
                 Flame Ionization Detection, showed variability in the
                 interspecific comparison, highlighted by chemometric
                 methods (Linear Discriminant Analysis). Generally, all
                 samples showed a prevalence of unsaturated fatty acids
                 with respect to saturated ones, reaching a content of
                 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) between the 40\% and
                 the 50\% of total FA. A remarkable presence of n3
                 series PUFA was detected in all samples and a selective
                 deposition of many FA into eggs' cellular membranes,
                 yolk lipid and body fat reserves, imputable to the
                 different biological role of single FA during sturgeon
                 reproduction, was evidenced. Chemical composition of
                 sturgeon flesh samples evidenced a high-protein and
                 medium-fat content, characterized by a FA profile of
                 high nutritional value. Moreover, color parameters
                 (redness, yellowness, brightness, Chroma) were measured
                 on sturgeon fillets, showing many species-specific
                 characteristics of sturgeon meat.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Office:2020:ARF,
  author =       "Fishes Editorial Office",
  title =        "Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Fishes in 2019",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "8",
  day =          "04",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5010008",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/1/8",
  abstract =     "Sturgeon raw eggs, caviar and meat obtained from
                 different species reared in an Italian production plant
                 were evaluated for their chemical composition, in order
                 to improve their appreciation on the market and to
                 detect any eventual distinctness related to the
                 species. Mainly, fatty acid (FA) profile of eggs and
                 caviar, determined by Gas-Chromatography coupled to
                 Flame Ionization Detection, showed variability in the
                 interspecific comparison, highlighted by chemometric
                 methods (Linear Discriminant Analysis). Generally, all
                 samples showed a prevalence of unsaturated fatty acids
                 with respect to saturated ones, reaching a content of
                 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) between the 40\% and
                 the 50\% of total FA. A remarkable presence of n3
                 series PUFA was detected in all samples and a selective
                 deposition of many FA into eggs' cellular membranes,
                 yolk lipid and body fat reserves, imputable to the
                 different biological role of single FA during sturgeon
                 reproduction, was evidenced. Chemical composition of
                 sturgeon flesh samples evidenced a high-protein and
                 medium-fat content, characterized by a FA profile of
                 high nutritional value. Moreover, color parameters
                 (redness, yellowness, brightness, Chroma) were measured
                 on sturgeon fillets, showing many species-specific
                 characteristics of sturgeon meat.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sanchez-Gonzalez:2020:VTL,
  author =       "Jorge Rub{\'e}n S{\'a}nchez-Gonz{\'a}lez and Amadeo
                 Arbon{\'e}s and Frederic Casals",
  title =        "Variation over Time of Length--Weight Relationships
                 and Condition Factors for Four Exotic Fish Species from
                 a Restored Shallow Lake in {NE Iberian Peninsula}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "7",
  day =          "04",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5010007",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/1/7",
  abstract =     "Length--weight relationships (LWRs), condition
                 factors, and their variation over time were analyzed
                 for four exotic freshwater fish (bleak, common carp,
                 pikeperch, and roach) in the Estany d'Ivars i Vila-sana
                 shallow lake in Catalonia, Northern Spain. Fish samples
                 were collected twice a year (early summer and autumn),
                 between 2008 and 2016, by using between three and five
                 multi-mesh nylon gillnets. This study provides novel
                 information about four common exotic fishes outside of
                 their natural range and within the context of a
                 restored shallow lake, where the ichthyologic community
                 is evolving in concordance with the ecosystem
                 conditions and the fish community dynamics.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Vijayakumar:2020:ICD,
  author =       "Parameswaran Vijayakumar and M. Leonor Cancela and
                 Vincent Laiz{\'e}",
  title =        "Isolation, Culture, and Differentiation of Blastema
                 Cells from the Regenerating Caudal Fin of Zebrafish",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6",
  day =          "30",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5010006",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/1/6",
  abstract =     "The caudal fin of teleost fish has become an excellent
                 system for investigating the mechanisms of epimorphic
                 regeneration. Upon amputation of the caudal fin, a mass
                 of undifferentiated cells, called blastema, proliferate
                 beneath the wound-epidermis and differentiate into
                 various cell types to faithfully restore the missing
                 fin structures. Here we describe a protocol that can be
                 used to isolate and culture blastema cells from
                 zebrafish. Primary cultures were initiated from 36 h
                 post-amputation (hpa) blastema and optimal cell growth
                 was achieved using L-15 medium supplemented with 5\%
                 fetal bovine serum in plates either coated with
                 fibronectin or uncoated. After seeding, zebrafish
                 blastema cells formed a uniform culture and exhibited
                 polygonal shapes with prominent nucleus, while various
                 cell types were also observed after few days in culture
                 indicating cell differentiation. Upon treatment with
                 all- trans retinoic acid, zebrafish blastema cells
                 differentiated into neuron-like and oligodendritic-like
                 cells. Immunocytochemistry data also revealed the
                 presence of mesenchymal and neuronal cells. The
                 availability of blastema cell cultures could contribute
                 to a better understanding of epimorphic regeneration by
                 providing a mean to investigate the mechanisms
                 underlying blastema cell differentiation. Furthermore,
                 this protocol is simple, rapid, and cost-efficient, and
                 can be virtually applied to the development of any fish
                 blastema cell culture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kampouris:2020:MRG,
  author =       "Thodoros E. Kampouris and Emmanouil Kouroupakis and
                 Ioannis E. Batjakas",
  title =        "Morphometric Relationships of the Global Invader
                 \bioname{Callinectes sapidus} {Rathbun}, 1896
                 ({Decapoda, Brachyura, Portunidae}) from {Papapouli
                 Lagoon, NW Aegean Sea, Greece}. {With} Notes on Its
                 Ecological Preferences",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "5",
  day =          "14",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5010005",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/1/5",
  abstract =     "\bioname{Callinectes sapidus} is native to the
                 Atlantic coasts of the Americas. In the Mediterranean,
                 it appeared around 1949 and though that it is
                 established in East Mediterranean waters, relevant
                 studies are limited. The aim of the present study is to
                 report quantitative and qualitative data on the blue
                 crab's biology and ecology in its non-native range,
                 that are indispensable for management purposes.
                 Papapouli Lagoon is in Thermaikos Gulf and is
                 ecologically impacted by the blue crabs. Fyke nets with
                 a 20 mm mesh opening were soaked for 12 to 14 h during
                 each survey. Abiotic environmental parameters were
                 obtained. The length--weight relationships were
                 expressed by the equation W = aL b. The species'
                 ecological preferences at Papapouli Lagoon were
                 assessed with PERMANOVA analysis, using the abiotic
                 parameters as factors. Student's t -tests were used to
                 assess the differences between sexes. The sex ratio of
                 the blue crab's population was assessed by a Chi-square
                 ({\chi} 2) analysis. The sex ratio was found to be
                 1.28:1, in favour of males. The most dominant group
                 size of male blue crabs was the 61--70 mm of CL and
                 130--139 mm of CW. Also, the dominant size group of
                 female blue crabs was 60--69 mm of CL and 120--129 mm
                 CW. The maximum abundance of blue crabs was recorded at
                 a salinity range from 24{\SGMLpermil} to
                 25{\SGMLpermil} and the water temperature range was
                 from 26 to 28 {$^\circ $}C.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Young:2020:LHP,
  author =       "Alan M. Young and James A. Elliott",
  title =        "Life History and Population Dynamics of Green Crabs
                 (\bioname{Carcinus maenas})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "4",
  day =          "31",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5010004",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/1/4",
  abstract =     "Carcinus maenas (the ``shore crab'' or ``European
                 green crab'') is a very proficient invader (considered
                 to be one of the world's 100 worst invaders by the
                 IUCN) due to its phenotypic plasticity, wide
                 temperature and salinity tolerance, and an extensive
                 omnivorous diet. Native to Atlantic Europe, it has
                 established two well-studied nonindigenous populations
                 in the northwestern Atlantic and northeastern Pacific
                 and less-studied populations in Australia, Argentina
                 and South Africa. Green crabs are eurythermal and
                 euryhaline as adults, but they are limited to temperate
                 coastlines due to more restrictive temperature
                 requirements for breeding and larval development. They
                 cannot tolerate wave-swept open shores so are found in
                 wave-protected sheltered bays, estuaries and harbors.
                 \bioname{Carcinus maenas} has been the subject of
                 numerous papers, with over 1000 published in the past
                 decade. This review provides an up-to-date account of
                 the current published information on the life history
                 and population dynamics of this very important species,
                 including genetic differentiation, habitat preferences,
                 physical parameter tolerances, reproduction and larval
                 development, sizes of crabs, densities of populations,
                 sex ratios, ecosystem dynamics and ecological impacts
                 in the various established global populations of green
                 crabs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Baduy:2020:DRA,
  author =       "Flavia Baduy and Jo{\~a}o L. Saraiva and Filipe
                 Ribeiro and Adelino V. M. Canario and Pedro M.
                 Guerreiro",
  title =        "Distribution and Risk Assessment of Potential
                 Invasiveness of \bioname{Australoheros facetus}
                 ({Jenyns}, 1842) in {Portugal}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "3",
  day =          "27",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5010003",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/1/3",
  abstract =     "Invasive species are recognized as a major cause of
                 biodiversity decline. Legal regulations relating to the
                 prevention, control, or eradication of invasive species
                 should always be up-to-date, as the failure to
                 recognize the problem, lack of adequate scientific
                 information, or long legal intervals required to
                 prepare the legislation may result in irreversible,
                 possibly catastrophic, outcomes. This implies constant
                 monitoring of the species distribution and levels of
                 establishment, as well as detailed knowledge about its
                 biology to predict dissemination and viability under
                 changing environmental conditions. Pre-screening kits
                 for potential invasive species are valuable tools for
                 policy makers, as they provide information about if and
                 how management measures should be taken. The Freshwater
                 Fish Invasiveness Scoring Kit (FISK) and the Aquatic
                 Species Invasiveness Screening Kit (AS-ISK) have been
                 suggested as reliable tools to assess the potential
                 risk of a species becoming invasive. The present study
                 highlights the spread of the non-native chameleon
                 cichlid \bioname{Australoheros facetus} in several
                 streams of the major river drainages in southern
                 Portugal and compares the fish assemblages and
                 ecological indices in two selected sites in the
                 Vasc{\~a}o and Odelouca rivers. We reviewed the current
                 knowledge on the distribution, physiology, and behavior
                 of A. facetus, and applied the toolkits FISK v2 and
                 AS-ISK to this species to evaluate whether the species
                 should be classified as invasive in Portugal. Field
                 data show high abundance of the species in most streams
                 and dominance in specific hotspots. The scores reached
                 by the kits (FISK v2: 23; AS-ISK: 37) places A. facetus
                 as a species with high potential of invasiveness and
                 support the recent inclusion of this species in the
                 invasive species list in Portugal (Decree-Law 92/2019),
                 but, most of all, highlights the importance of frequent
                 updates in both the field monitoring and the legal
                 regulation and watch lists of invasive organisms.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Carballo:2020:HEG,
  author =       "Carlos Carballo and Hyun Suk Shin and Concepci{\'o}n
                 Berbel and Maria Jes{\'u}s Zamorano and Juan Jose
                 Borrego and Eva Armero and Juan Manuel Afonso and
                 Manuel Manchado",
  title =        "Heritability Estimates and Genetic Correlation for
                 Growth Traits and {LCDV} Susceptibility in Gilthead Sea
                 Bream (\bioname{Sparus aurata})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "2",
  day =          "25",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5010002",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/1/2",
  abstract =     "The lymphocystis disease (LCD) is a viral infection
                 with a high economic impact in gilthead sea bream
                 aquaculture. In this study, genetic estimates
                 associated with lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV)
                 disease susceptibility and growth were determined in
                 sea bream juveniles. Two fish batches (named batch 1
                 and batch 2) were built from mass spawning and reared
                 under industrial conditions until disease outbreak. At
                 the moment of the sampling (n = 500 specimens for each
                 batch), all animals had the typical LCDV lesions in the
                 skin. For phenotyping, animals were weighted and
                 photographed for image analysis (surface covered and
                 lesion intensity). LCDV DNA copies were quantified in
                 the liver by qPCR. Batch 1 had a higher surface covered
                 and lesion intensity than batch 2, and the body caudal
                 region was the lowest affected region in both batches.
                 The average LCDV DNA copies in liver were higher in the
                 batch 1 than batch 2, and they were positively
                 correlated with severity index (SI) categories (r 2 =
                 0.90--0.94). The total number of families evaluated
                 were 150 and 128 for batch 1 and batch 2, respectively,
                 with a high bias in offspring contribution by family
                 and broodstock. Heritabilities for weight and length
                 were 0.18 and 0.14 in batch 1 and 0.06 and 0.05 in
                 batch 2, respectively. Heritability for the number of
                 viral DNA copies was low ($<$0.08) in both batches.
                 Heritabilities for SI in binary scale were 0.32/0.33
                 and 0.21/0.24 (underlying liability/Bayesian approach)
                 for batch 1 and batch 2, respectively. Genetic
                 correlations were very high and positive when growth
                 traits (weight and length) or disease traits (LCDV DNA
                 copies and SI) were compared. In contrast, the genetic
                 correlations between growth and disease traits were
                 moderate--high and positive in the batch 1 but negative
                 in batch 2. These results indicate the genetic
                 selection for LCDV susceptibility and growth is
                 feasible in sea bream juveniles, although estimates are
                 highly dependent on the age. The information provided
                 is relevant to designing selective breeding programs in
                 sea bream.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pimentel:2020:SLP,
  author =       "Marta S. Pimentel and Filipa Faleiro and Jorge Machado
                 and Pedro Pous{\~a}o-Ferreira and Rui Rosa",
  title =        "Seabream Larval Physiology under Ocean Warming and
                 Acidification",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1",
  day =          "20",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5010001",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:24 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/1/1",
  abstract =     "The vulnerability of early fish stages represents a
                 critical bottleneck for fish recruitment; therefore, it
                 is essential to understand how climate change affects
                 their physiology for more sustainable management of
                 fisheries. Here, we investigated the effects of warming
                 (OW; +4 {$^\circ $}C) and acidification (OA; {\Delta}pH
                 = 0.5) on the heart and oxygen consumption rates,
                 metabolic enzymatic machinery---namely citrate synthase
                 (CS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and
                 {\ss}-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (HOAD), of seabream
                 (\bioname{Sparus aurata}) larvae (fifteen days after
                 hatch). Oxygen consumption and heart rates showed a
                 significant increase with rising temperature, but
                 decreased with p CO 2. Results revealed a significant
                 increase of LDH activity with OW and a significant
                 decrease of the aerobic potential (CS and HOAD
                 activity) of larvae with OA. In contrast, under OA, the
                 activity levels of the enzyme LDH and the LDH:CS ratio
                 indicated an enhancement of anaerobic pathways.
                 Although such a short-term metabolic strategy may
                 eventually sustain the basic costs of maintenance, it
                 might not be adequate under the future chronic ocean
                 conditions. Given that the potential for adaptation to
                 new forthcoming conditions is yet experimentally
                 unaccounted for this species, future research is
                 essential to accurately predict the physiological
                 performance of this commercially important species
                 under future ocean conditions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hsu:2020:PGA,
  author =       "Te-Hua Hsu and Chang-Wen Huang and Hung-Tai Lee and
                 Yi-Hsuan Kuo and Kwang-Ming Liu and Cheng-Hui Lin and
                 Hong-Yi Gong",
  title =        "Population Genetic Analysis for Stock Enhancement of
                 Silver Sea Bream (\bioname{Rhabdosargus sarba}) in
                 {Taiwan}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "19",
  day =          "16",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5020019",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/2/19",
  abstract =     "Stock enhancement is a method for replenishing
                 depleted wild finfish populations by supplementing them
                 with hatchery-raised fish. In Taiwan, silver sea bream
                 (\bioname{Rhabdosargus sarba}) is a predominant
                 commercial species involved in stock enhancement
                 projects. Although management agencies conduct stock
                 enhancement projects, there are a lot of private
                 releases without records. Stock enhancement is
                 performed by the private aquaculture sector without
                 accurate genetic records, potentially leading to
                 unintended consequences for wild populations. We
                 analyzed the genetics of 459 wild and 701
                 hatchery-reared specimens from nine batches produced by
                 various hatcheries. Wild and hatchery-reared samples
                 could be considered two separate clades by using a set
                 of stable and informative microsatellite markers
                 including type I (from gene introns and 3{\prime}UTR)
                 and type II markers (randomly picked up from genome).
                 Type I microsatellite markers could more sensitively
                 reflect the loss of genetic diversity more than type II
                 markers in the domestication process. All specimens
                 were considered native by using mtDNA COI and
                 microsatellites. The genetic composition of the wild
                 population is relatively simple, and the estimated low
                 contribution rate of the hatchery stock (1.3--10.9\%;
                 6--50/459) indicated a weak but significant genetic
                 effect of stock enhancement. Therefore, establishing
                 standards for the stock enhancement of silver sea bream
                 for more effective supplementation of wild populations
                 is imperative.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Koel:2020:YLE,
  author =       "Todd M. Koel and Jeffery L. Arnold and Patricia E.
                 Bigelow and Travis O. Brenden and Jeffery D. Davis and
                 Colleen R. Detjens and Philip D. Doepke and Brian D.
                 Ertel and Hayley C. Glassic and Robert E. Gresswell and
                 Christopher S. Guy and Drew J. MacDonald and Michael E.
                 Ruhl and Todd J. Stuth and David P. Sweet and John M.
                 Syslo and Nathan A. Thomas and Lusha M. Tronstad and
                 Patrick J. White and Alexander V. Zale",
  title =        "{Yellowstone Lake} Ecosystem Restoration: a Case Study
                 for Invasive Fish Management",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "18",
  day =          "12",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5020018",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/2/18",
  abstract =     "Invasive predatory lake trout \bioname{Salvelinus
                 namaycush} were discovered in Yellowstone Lake in 1994
                 and caused a precipitous decrease in abundance of
                 native Yellowstone cutthroat trout
                 \bioname{Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri}. Suppression
                 efforts (primarily gillnetting) initiated in 1995 did
                 not curtail lake trout population growth or lakewide
                 expansion. An adaptive management strategy was
                 developed in 2010 that specified desired conditions
                 indicative of ecosystem recovery. Population modeling
                 was used to estimate effects of suppression efforts on
                 the lake trout and establish effort benchmarks to
                 achieve negative population growth ({\lambda} {$<$} 1).
                 Partnerships enhanced funding support, and a scientific
                 review panel provided guidance to increase suppression
                 gillnetting effort to $>$46,800 100-m net nights; this
                 effort level was achieved in 2012 and led to a
                 reduction in lake trout biomass. Total lake trout
                 biomass declined from 432,017 kg in 2012 to 196,675 kg
                 in 2019, primarily because of a 79\% reduction in
                 adults. Total abundance declined from 925,208 in 2012
                 to 673,983 in 2019 but was highly variable because of
                 recruitment of age-2 fish. Overall, 3.35 million lake
                 trout were killed by suppression efforts from 1995 to
                 2019. Cutthroat trout abundance remained below target
                 levels, but relative condition increased, large
                 individuals ($>$ 400 mm) became more abundant, and
                 individual weights doubled, probably because of reduced
                 density. Continued actions to suppress lake trout will
                 facilitate further recovery of the cutthroat trout
                 population and integrity of the Yellowstone Lake
                 ecosystem.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{McColl:2020:BCC,
  author =       "Kenneth A. McColl and Agus Sunarto",
  title =        "Biocontrol of the Common Carp (\bioname{Cyprinus
                 carpio}) in {Australia}: a Review and Future
                 Directions",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "17",
  day =          "02",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5020017",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/2/17",
  abstract =     "Invasive pest species are recognized as one of the
                 important drivers of reduced global biodiversity. In
                 Australia, the 267 invasive plant, animal and microbial
                 species, established since European colonization in the
                 1770s, have been unequivocally declared the most
                 important threat to species diversity in this country.
                 One invasive pest, the common carp (\bioname{Cyprinus
                 carpio}), has been targeted in an integrated pest
                 management plan that might include cyprinid herpesvirus
                 3 (CyHV-3) as a potential biocontrol agent. The
                 species-specificity of the released virus (and of field
                 variants that will inevitably arise) has been assessed,
                 and the virus judged to be safe. It has also been
                 hypothesised that, because the virulence of the CyHV-3
                 will likely decline following release, the virus should
                 be used strategically: initially, the aim would be to
                 markedly reduce numbers of carp in naive populations,
                 and then some other, as yet uncertain, complementary
                 broad-scale control measure would knock-down carp
                 numbers even further. Brief results are included from
                 recent studies on the modelling of release and spread
                 of the virus, the ecological and social concerns
                 associated with virus release, and the restoration
                 benefits that might be expected following carp control.
                 We conclude that, while further work is required (on
                 the virus, the target species, environmental issues,
                 and especially the identification of a suitable
                 broad-scale complementary control measure), optimism
                 must prevail in order to ensure an eventual solution to
                 this important environmental problem.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Reyes:2020:NGE,
  author =       "Mar{\'\i}a Reyes and Mar{\'\i}a Rodr{\'\i}guez and
                 Juan Montes and Fernando G. Barroso and Dmitri Fabrikov
                 and Elvira Morote and Mar{\'\i}a Jos{\'e}
                 S{\'a}nchez-Muros",
  title =        "Nutritional and Growth Effect of Insect Meal Inclusion
                 on Seabass (\bioname{Dicentrarchuss labrax}) Feeds",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "16",
  day =          "01",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5020016",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/2/16",
  abstract =     "Abajo: se repite los tres en el resumen. This work
                 studies the effect of high-level fish meal replacement
                 with insect meal: YW meal (obtained from Tenebrio
                 larvae fed a broiler diet), BSF meal (from hermetia
                 larvae fed broilers diet), BSFm meal (obtained from
                 hermetia larvae fed discard fish) on growth performance
                 nutritive indices and in vitro digestibility of
                 \bioname{Dicentrarchus labrax} juvenile. Three
                 different insect meals were used: BSF meal from
                 hermetia larvae fed broilers diet; BSF improve (BSFm)
                 obtained from hermetia larvae fed discarded fish; YW
                 meal obtained from the larvae of Tenebrio fed a broiler
                 diet. Five diets were used, a control (C) diet and four
                 experimental diets by replacing fishmeal with insect
                 meal from BSF at 30\% and 50\% (BSF30 and BSF50)
                 substitutions, BSFm at 50\% substitution (BSF50 m) and
                 YM at 50\% substitution (YW50). Nutritional and growth
                 indices worsened by including insect meal, especially
                 for hermetia meal at 50\% substitution, BSF50 and BSF50
                 m. The internal organs' weight reflected the growth of
                 the fish fed each experimental diet. No differences
                 were found in fillet composition. Nevertheless, under
                 our experimental condition, YW replacement obtained
                 better results than both BSF diets.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zaragoza:2020:SFS,
  author =       "Patricia Zaragoz{\'a} and Silvia Mart{\'\i}nez-Llorens
                 and Isabel Fern{\'a}ndez-Segovia and Jos{\'e}-Luis
                 Vivancos and Ana Tomas-Vidal and Ana Fuentes and
                 Jos{\'e} Vicente Ros-Lis and Ram{\'o}n
                 Mart{\'\i}nez-M{\'a}{\~n}ez and Jos{\'e} Manuel Barat",
  title =        "Study of Fishmeal Substitution on Growth Performance
                 and Shelf-Life of Giltheadsea Bream
                 (\bioname{Sparusaurata})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "15",
  day =          "15",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5020015",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/2/15",
  abstract =     "In this work the effect of partial or total
                 replacement of fishmeal by plant protein sources and
                 krill and squid meal on growth performance and
                 shelf-life of gilthead sea bream was evaluated. Plant
                 protein dietswith 50 g kg {-1} of krill and 100 g kg
                 {-1} of squid were supplemented with synthetic amino
                 acids and at the end of the growing period weight
                 showed no significant differences. The spoilage process
                 of the fish was followed by physicochemical and
                 microbiological measurements together with a
                 colorimetric sensor array (CSA) specially designed for
                 that purpose. The changes in the physicochemical
                 parameters and microbial growth showed that shelf-life
                 of samples were in all cases lower than ninedays. The
                 CSA was not able to show significant differences
                 between both diets, confirming the physicochemical and
                 microbiological results. The fact that the type of feed
                 had no effect on the freshness parameters studied
                 demonstrates that total fishmeal replacement with plant
                 protein blends in the proportions used in this work
                 could be an excellent alternative for feed formulation
                 in aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dam:2020:AFR,
  author =       "Chinh Thi My Dam and Mark Booth and Igor Pirozzi and
                 Michael Salini and Richard Smullen and Tomer Ventura
                 and Abigail Elizur",
  title =        "Alternative Feed Raw Materials Modulate Intestinal
                 Microbiota and Its Relationship with Digestibility in
                 Yellowtail Kingfish \bioname{Seriola lalandi}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "14",
  day =          "11",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5020014",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/2/14",
  abstract =     "Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in nutrient
                 digestibility and fish health. This study aimed to
                 investigate the effects of alternative feed raw
                 materials on the bacterial communities in the distal
                 intestine and its relationship with nutrient
                 digestibility in yellowtail kingfish (YTK),
                 \bioname{Seriola lalandi}. Two 4-week digestibility
                 trials were conducted to evaluate fish meal (FM), two
                 sources of poultry by-product meal (PBM-1 \& PBM-2),
                 blood meal (BLM), faba bean meal (FBM), corn gluten
                 meal (CGM), soy protein concentrate (SPC) and wheat
                 flour (WH). The nutrient digestibility value was
                 determined using the stripping fecal collection method.
                 Bacterial communities were characterized by
                 high-throughput sequencing based on V3-V4 region of the
                 16S rRNA gene. The most abundant phylum identified in
                 the present study was Proteobacteria. A significant
                 change in the distal intestine was observed in fish fed
                 diets containing CGM and BLM, characterized by a
                 reduction of species richness and diversity.
                 Additionally, significant correlation between nutrient
                 digestibility and intestinal microbiota was observed.
                 Allivibrio, Vibrio, Curvibacter, Ruminococcaceae, and
                 Clostridium were positively correlated, whereas
                 Ralstonia genus was negatively correlated with nutrient
                 digestibility. This study demonstrated that intestinal
                 microbiota could be a useful tool for evaluating the
                 digestibility of feed raw materials; however, further
                 culture-based study is needed to confirm this
                 observation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lindholm-Lehto:2020:AGM,
  author =       "Petra Lindholm-Lehto and Juha Koskela and Janne Kaseva
                 and Jouni Vielma",
  title =        "Accumulation of Geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol in
                 {European} Whitefish \bioname{Coregonus lavaretus} and
                 Rainbow Trout \bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss} in {RAS}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "13",
  day =          "11",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5020013",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/2/13",
  abstract =     "Geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB)-induced
                 off-flavors can cause serious problems in a
                 recirculating aquaculture system (RAS), such as delayed
                 harvest and increased production costs, but also damage
                 producers' reputation. Traditionally, off-flavors have
                 been removed by depuration before harvesting. Rainbow
                 trout (\bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss}) and European
                 whitefish (\bioname{Coregonus lavaretus}) are
                 commercially valuable species produced for consumers,
                 both being suitable for rearing in RAS. In this study,
                 European whitefish and rainbow trout were raised from
                 juvenile up to 240 g (European whitefish) and 660 g
                 (rainbow trout) to monitor the long-term accumulation
                 of off-flavors. The concentrations in fillet of rainbow
                 trout reached 3.6 ng{\cdot}g {-1} (MIB) and 5.6 ng$
                 \bullet $ g {-11} (GSM) with lipid content of 22.5\%,
                 while for European whitefish up to 3.2 ng{\cdot}g {-1}
                 (MIB) and 3.9 ng{\cdot}g {-1} (GSM) were found with
                 14.8\% in lipid content. Concentrations up to 58
                 ng{\cdot}L {-1} (MIB) and 49 ng{\cdot}L {-1} (GSM) were
                 found in the circulating water. Based on the results,
                 the accumulation of MIB proceeds at similar pace for
                 both species. In the case of GSM, the accumulation
                 started similarly for both species but proceeded more
                 quickly for rainbow trout after 140 days of the
                 experiment, with a statistically significant difference
                 (p {$<$} 0.05).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dunker:2020:DRA,
  author =       "Kristine Dunker and Robert Massengill and Parker
                 Bradley and Cody Jacobson and Nicole Swenson and Andy
                 Wizik and Robert DeCino",
  title =        "A Decade in Review: {Alaska}'s Adaptive Management of
                 an Invasive Apex Predator",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "12",
  day =          "21",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5020012",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/2/12",
  abstract =     "Northern pike are an invasive species in southcentral
                 Alaska and have caused the decline and extirpation of
                 salmonids and other native fish populations across the
                 region. Over the last decade, adaptive management of
                 invasive pike populations has included population
                 suppression, eradication, outreach, angler engagement,
                 and research to mitigate damages from pike where
                 feasible. Pike suppression efforts have been focused in
                 open drainages of the northern and western Cook Inlet
                 areas, and eradication efforts have been primarily
                 focused on the Kenai Peninsula and the municipality of
                 Anchorage. Between 2010 and 2020, almost 40,000 pike
                 were removed from southcentral Alaska waters as a
                 result of suppression programs, and pike have been
                 successfully eradicated from over 20 lakes and creeks
                 from the Kenai Peninsula and Anchorage, nearly
                 completing total eradication of pike from known
                 distributions in those areas. Northern pike control
                 actions are tailored to the unique conditions of waters
                 prioritized for their management, and all efforts
                 support the goal of preventing further spread of this
                 invasive aquatic apex predator to vulnerable waters.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cerbule:2020:SLB,
  author =       "Kristine Cerbule and Jacques Godfroid",
  title =        "Salmon Louse (\bioname{Lepeophtheirus salmonis}
                 ({Kr{\o}yer})) Control Methods and Efficacy in
                 {Atlantic Salmon} (\bioname{Salmo salar} ({Linnaeus}))
                 Aquaculture: a Literature Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "11",
  day =          "31",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5020011",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/2/11",
  abstract =     "The salmon louse (\bioname{Lepeophtheirus salmonis})
                 causes problems in Atlantic salmon (\bioname{Salmo
                 salar}) aquaculture in the Northern Hemisphere, because
                 infestations can result in both a loss of production
                 and in fish mortality. Several types of treatment have
                 been used to control louse infestations, but these have
                 seen varying success. The aim of this review is to
                 examine the efficacy and safety of commonly used
                 treatments (chemical, biological, mechanical, and
                 preventive measures) as documented in peer-reviewed
                 publications. Efficacy is assessed in relation to a
                 reduction in numbers of lice, and safety is assessed as
                 a lack of negative treatment-associated effects on fish
                 health and welfare (Atlantic salmon and/or cleaner
                 fish). Most chemical treatments showed decreasing
                 efficacy over time, together with the use of increasing
                 concentrations as a result of the development of
                 resistance to the treatments by lice. The need for a
                 restrictive use of pesticides to preserve treatment
                 efficacy has been emphasized. The use of cleaner fish
                 was suggested to be effective, with few or no negative
                 effects towards Atlantic salmon. The use of cleaner
                 fish would be preferable to chemical treatment if the
                 farmed fish health and welfare criteria are met. At
                 present, the number of peer-reviewed publications
                 relating to other forms of treatment and prevention are
                 sparse.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mulokozi:2020:EEA,
  author =       "Deogratias Pius Mulokozi and H{\aa}kan Berg and
                 Torbj{\"o}rn Lundh",
  title =        "An Ecological and Economical Assessment of Integrated
                 Amaranth (\bioname{Amaranthus hybridus}) and
                 \geoname{Nile} Tilapia (\bioname{Oreochromis
                 niloticus}) Farming in \geoname{Dar es Salaam,
                 Tanzania}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "30",
  day =          "18",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030030",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/30",
  abstract =     "Organic wastes can be recycled in an ecologically
                 sound way in fishponds by applying integrated
                 agriculture and aquaculture systems (IAA). This kind of
                 waste recycling can help to protect the environment
                 from pollution and improve fishpond yields.
                 Additionally, IAA provides an opportunity for
                 diversification of the output from two or more existing
                 subsystems leading to higher overall farm economic
                 returns. This study explored the potential application
                 of amaranth wastes (AW) as a dietary ingredient for
                 tilapia in a tilapia-amaranths integrated system (ITA).
                 An experimental diet (AD) contained 10\% (based on the
                 control diet, CD) inclusion of AW collected from a
                 nearby vegetable market. The experiments included
                 triplicate treatments with; (i) fish fed on AD, where
                 the pond water was used for irrigating the amaranth
                 plants (IAA-fish), and (ii) fish fed on CD, where no
                 pond water was used for irrigating the amaranth plants
                 (non-IAA fish). 90 days after fish stocking, eighteen 4
                 m 2 amaranth plots were prepared and treated with (i)
                 tap water without fertilization (control amaranths),
                 (ii) water from IAA-fish pond and organically
                 fertilized (IAA amaranths), and (iii) tap water and
                 inorganically fertilized (non-IAA amaranths). The use
                 of AW improved the fish feed conversion ratio. The
                 overall net income from ITA was 3.2, 2.3, 2.6, and 1.8
                 higher than from non-IAA amaranths, IAA-amaranths,
                 non-IAA fish, and IAA fish sub-systems respectively.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Bouska:2020:GSH,
  author =       "Wesley W. Bouska and David C. Glover and Jesse T.
                 Trushenski and Silvia Secchi and James E. Garvey and
                 Ruairi MacNamara and David P. Coulter and Alison A.
                 Coulter and Kevin Irons and Andrew Wieland",
  title =        "Geographic-Scale Harvest Program to Promote
                 Invasivorism of Bigheaded Carps",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "29",
  day =          "01",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030029",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/29",
  abstract =     "Invasive bigheaded carps, genus Hypophthalmichthys,
                 are spreading throughout the Mississippi River basin.
                 To explore the efficacy of a consumer-based market
                 (i.e., invasivorism) to manage them, we developed a
                 conceptual model and evaluated three harvest
                 approaches---direct contracted removal, volume-based
                 incentives (``fisher-side'' control), and set-quota
                 harvest (``market-side'' control). We quantified the
                 efficacy of these approaches and potential population
                 impact in the Illinois River. Contracted removal was
                 effective for suppressing small populations at the edge
                 of the range but cannot support a market.
                 ``Fisher-side'' removals totaled 225,372 kg in one
                 year. However, participation was low, perhaps due to
                 reporting requirements for fishers. The
                 ``market-side'', set-quota approach removed $>$1.3
                 million kg of bigheaded carp in less than 6 months.
                 Larger, older fish were disproportionately harvested,
                 which may hinder the ability to suppress population
                 growth. Total density declined in one river reach, and
                 harvest may reduce upstream movement toward the
                 invasion fronts. With sufficient market demand, harvest
                 may control bigheaded carp. However, lack of processing
                 infrastructure and supply chain bottlenecks could
                 constrain harvest, particularly at low commodity
                 prices. Given the geographical scale of this invasion
                 and complicated harvest logistics, concerns about
                 economic dependence on invasivorism that encourage
                 stock enhancement are likely unmerited.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wiryawan:2020:CPU,
  author =       "Budy Wiryawan and Neil Loneragan and Ulfah Mardhiah
                 and Sonja Kleinertz and Prihatin Ika Wahyuningrum and
                 Jessica Pingkan and Wildan and Putra Satria Timur and
                 Deirdre Duggan and Irfan Yulianto",
  title =        "Catch per Unit Effort Dynamic of Yellowfin Tuna
                 Related to Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll in
                 {Southern Indonesia}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "28",
  day =          "31",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030028",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/28",
  abstract =     "Tuna fisheries are the most valuable fisheries in the
                 world, with an estimated market value of at least
                 US\$42 billion in 2018. Indonesia plays an important
                 role in the global tuna fisheries and has committed to
                 improve its fisheries management; therefore, a pilot of
                 long-term spatial-temporal data bases was developed in
                 2012, however none have utilized data to have better
                 understanding for management improvement. In this
                 study, the annual and seasonal variation of large (\ge
                 10 kg) Yellowfin Tuna (YFT) catch per unit effort
                 (CPUE) have been investigated and the influence of sea
                 surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll- a on these
                 variables examined. We used fish landing data from West
                 Nusa Tenggara recorded every month between 2012 and
                 2017 and analyzed using generalized linear models and
                 generalized additive models. We found a seasonal and
                 annual pattern of tuna abundance affected by SST and
                 chlorophyll- a (chl a) and related to upwelling and El
                 Nino event. These results also suggest that a two-month
                 closure to fishing in August and September in southern
                 Lombok is worth considering by the Government to
                 maximize conservation of stocks due to a high abundance
                 of juveniles emerging during the upwelling months from
                 June to August.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hayer:2020:UED,
  author =       "Cari-Ann Hayer and Michael F. Bayless and Amy George
                 and Nathan Thompson and Catherine A. Richter and Duane
                 C. Chapman",
  title =        "Use of Environmental {DNA} to Detect Grass Carp
                 Spawning Events",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "27",
  day =          "27",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030027",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/27",
  abstract =     "The timing and location of spawning events are
                 important data for managers seeking to control invasive
                 grass carp populations. Ichthyoplankton tows for grass
                 carp eggs and larvae can be used to detect spawning
                 events; however, these samples can be highly
                 debris-laden, and are expensive and laborious to
                 process. An alternative method, environmental DNA
                 (eDNA) technology, has proven effective in determining
                 the presence of aquatic species. The objectives of this
                 project were to assess the use of eDNA collections and
                 quantitative eDNA analysis to assess the potential
                 spawning of grass carp in five reservoir tributaries,
                 and to compare those results to the more traditional
                 method of ichthyoplankton tows. Grass carp eDNA was
                 detected in 56\% of sampling occasions and was detected
                 in all five rivers. Concentrations of grass carp eDNA
                 were orders of magnitude higher in June, corresponding
                 to elevated discharge and egg presence. Grass carp
                 environmental DNA flux (copies/h) was lower when no
                 eggs were present and was higher when velocities and
                 discharge increased and eggs were present. There was a
                 positive relationship between grass carp eDNA flux and
                 egg flux. Our results support the further development
                 of eDNA analysis as a method to detect the spawning
                 events of grass carp or other rheophilic spawners.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Bernet:2020:ZFI,
  author =       "Daniel Bernet and Thomas Wahli and Christoph K{\"u}ng
                 and Helmut Segner",
  title =        "Zooplankton Feeding Induces Macroscopical Gonad
                 Malformations in Whitefish (\bioname{Coregonus} ssp.)
                 from {Lake Thun, Switzerland}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "26",
  day =          "20",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030026",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/26",
  abstract =     "Alterations in gonad morphology are widespread in wild
                 fish populations. Whitefish (Coregonus spp.) from Lake
                 Thun, Switzerland, display a high prevalence of
                 macroscopical gonad malformations including fusions to
                 the musculature, segmented gonads and intersex
                 condition. The aim of the present study was to evaluate
                 whether the gonad morphological changes in Lake Thun
                 whitefish are caused by genetic factors, environmental
                 factors (water, diet) or ``gene $ \times $
                 environment'' interaction. We performed two independent
                 experiments of a three-year duration in which we reared
                 whitefish from fertilization until adulthood and tested
                 the possible causative factors using a matrix design:
                 (i) genetics---comparing the prevalence of gonad
                 malformations in whitefish of different genetic origin
                 reared under identical environmental conditions (same
                 diet, same water, same experimental facility); (ii)
                 environment---comparing the prevalence of gonad
                 malformations in whitefish of the same genetic origin
                 reared in different water sources and/or fed with
                 different diets; and (iii) gene-environment
                 interaction---comparing the prevalence of gonad
                 morphological alterations in relation to the
                 combinations of genetics and environmental factors. Two
                 diets were used for the rearing experiments: either
                 zooplankton collected in Lake Thun which represents the
                 natural diet of whitefish, or an artificial dry food
                 which was used as control. The key finding of this
                 study is that the inducing factor of the gonad
                 malformations is contained in the zooplankton of Lake
                 Thun. Fish fed with this diet developed a significantly
                 higher prevalence of malformations than fish from any
                 other treatment, irrespective of the genetic origin
                 and/or the water source. This result could be repeated
                 in the two independent experiments. Importantly, the
                 prevalence values observed in the experimental fish fed
                 with Lake Thun zooplankton were similar to the
                 prevalence values recorded in free-ranging whitefish in
                 the lake. The findings of this study advance the
                 understanding of the causes of gonad morphological
                 alterations in wild fish populations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Suski:2020:DCD,
  author =       "Cory D. Suski",
  title =        "Development of Carbon Dioxide Barriers to Deter
                 Invasive Fishes: Insights and Lessons Learned from
                 Bigheaded Carp",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "25",
  day =          "13",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030025",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/25",
  abstract =     "Invasive species are a threat to biodiversity in
                 freshwater. Removing an aquatic invasive species
                 following arrival is almost impossible, and preventing
                 introduction is a more viable management option.
                 Bigheaded carp are an invasive fish spreading
                 throughout the Midwestern {United States} and are
                 threatening to enter the Great Lakes. This review
                 outlines the development of carbon dioxide gas (CO 2)
                 as a non-physical barrier that can be used to deter the
                 movement of fish and prevent further spread. Carbon
                 dioxide gas could be used as a deterrent either to
                 cause avoidance (i.e., fish swim away from zones of
                 high CO 2), or by inducing equilibrium loss due to the
                 anesthetic properties of CO 2 (i.e., tolerance). The
                 development of CO 2 as a fish deterrent started with
                 controlled laboratory experiments demonstrating stress
                 and avoidance, and then progressed to larger field
                 applications demonstrating avoidance at scales that
                 approach real-world scenarios. In addition, factors
                 that influence the effectiveness of CO 2 as a fish
                 barrier are discussed, outlining conditions that could
                 make CO 2 less effective in the field; these factors
                 that influence efficacy would be of interest to
                 managers using CO 2 to target other fish species, or
                 those using other non-physical barriers for fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Harris:2020:PGA,
  author =       "Sheila C. Harris and W. Robert Cope and Isaac Wirgin
                 and Eric M. Hallerman",
  title =        "Population Genetic Assessment of Anadromous and
                 Resident Striped Bass (\bioname{Morone saxatilis}) in
                 the {Roanoke River System, Eastern United States}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "24",
  day =          "07",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030024",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/24",
  abstract =     "Striped bass is the subject of important commercial
                 and sport fisheries in North America. The Roanoke River
                 drainage---especially Smith Mountain Lake, Leesville
                 Lake, and Kerr Reservoir---has popular recreational
                 striped bass fisheries. After construction of five
                 hydroelectric dams, populations became landlocked,
                 declined, and have been supplemented by stocking. A key
                 basis for responsibly augmenting populations is to
                 characterize genetic variation and incorporate the
                 findings into responsible hatchery and stocking
                 practices. Genetic variation at 12 microsatellite DNA
                 loci was evaluated among 837 striped bass representing
                 16 collections across the native range; populations
                 from rivers in South Carolina, North Carolina,
                 Chesapeake Bay, and Hudson River were screened to
                 provide context for assessing genetic structure within
                 the Roanoke system. Analysis of population genetic
                 differentiation showed landlocked Roanoke River striped
                 bass to be distinctive. Subject to genetic isolation,
                 high M ratios, and relatively low N e estimates suggest
                 loss of genetic variation, and relatedness analysis
                 showed heightened frequencies of related individuals.
                 These insights into population genetics, demographics,
                 and existing guidelines for broodstock acquisition and
                 mating designs can inform genetically cognizant
                 hatchery management and stocking for striped bass in
                 the Roanoke River drainage. In particular, we recommend
                 the use of larger numbers of breeders and factorial
                 mating designs to increase the genetic diversity of
                 propagated striped bass stocked within the Roanoke
                 River drainage.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Costa:2020:ZMN,
  author =       "Bruna Patricia Dutra Costa and Layana Aquino Moura and
                 Sabrina Alana Gomes Pinto and Monica Lima-Maximino and
                 Caio Maximino",
  title =        "Zebrafish Models in Neural and Behavioral Toxicology
                 across the Life Stages",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "23",
  day =          "31",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030023",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/23",
  abstract =     "The industry is increasingly relying on fish for
                 toxicity assessment. However, current guidelines for
                 toxicity assessment focus on teratogenicity and
                 mortality. From an ecotoxicological point of view,
                 however, these endpoints may not reflect the ``full
                 picture'' of possible deleterious effects that can
                 nonetheless result in decreased fitness and/or
                 inability to adapt to a changing environment, affecting
                 whole populations. Therefore, assessing sublethal
                 effects add relevant data covering different aspects of
                 toxicity at different levels of analysis. The impacts
                 of toxicants on neurobehavioral function have the
                 potential to affect many different life-history traits,
                 and are easier to assess in the laboratory than in the
                 wild. We propose that carefully-controlled laboratory
                 experiments on different behavioral domains---including
                 anxiety, aggression, and exploration---can increase our
                 understanding of the ecotoxicological impacts of
                 contaminants, since these domains are related to traits
                 such as defense, sociality, and reproduction, directly
                 impacting life-history traits. The effects of selected
                 contaminants on these tests are reviewed, focusing on
                 larval and adult zebrafish, showing that these
                 behavioral domains are highly sensitive to small
                 concentrations of these substances. These strategies
                 suggest a way forward on ecotoxicological research
                 using fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Glencross:2020:ASC,
  author =       "Brett D. Glencross and David Huyben and Johan W.
                 Schrama",
  title =        "The Application of Single-Cell Ingredients in
                 Aquaculture Feeds --- a Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "22",
  day =          "16",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030022",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/22",
  abstract =     "Single-cell ingredients (SCI) are a relatively broad
                 class of materials that encompasses bacterial, fungal
                 (yeast), microalgal-derived products or the combination
                 of all three microbial groups into microbial bioflocs
                 and aggregates. In this review we focus on those dried
                 and processed single-cell organisms used as potential
                 ingredients for aqua-feeds where the microorganisms are
                 considered non-viable and are used primarily to provide
                 protein, lipids or specific nutritional components.
                 Among the SCI, there is a generalised dichotomy in
                 terms of their use as either single-cell protein (SCP)
                 resources or single-cell oil (SCO) resources, with SCO
                 products being those oleaginous products containing 200
                 g/kg or more of lipids, whereas those products
                 considered as SCP resources tend to contain more than
                 300 g/kg of protein (on a dry basis). Both SCP and SCO
                 are now widely being used as protein/amino acid
                 sources, omega-3 sources and sources of bioactive
                 molecules in the diets of several species, with the
                 current range of both these ingredient groups being
                 considerable and growing. However, the different array
                 of products becoming available in the market, how they
                 are produced and processed has also resulted in
                 different nutritional qualities in those products. In
                 assessing this variation among the products and the
                 application of the various types of SCI, we have taken
                 the approach of evaluating their use against a set of
                 standardised evaluation criteria based around key
                 nutritional response parameters and how these criteria
                 have been applied against salmonids, shrimp, tilapia
                 and marine fish species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jung:2020:FDO,
  author =       "Joo-Young Jung and Soohwan Kim and Kyochan Kim and
                 Bong-Joo Lee and Kang-Woong Kim and Hyon-Sob Han",
  title =        "Feed and Disease at Olive Flounder
                 (\bioname{Paralichthys olivaceus}) Farms in {Korea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "21",
  day =          "14",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030021",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/21",
  abstract =     "The objective of this study was to conduct field
                 experiments comparing formulated (extruded pellets
                 (E.P)) and raw-fish (moist pellets (M.P)) feeds at two
                 flounder aquaculture farms for six months to obtain the
                 basic data necessary for improving aquafarmers'
                 awareness of feed-quality issues and firmly establish
                 and expand the use of formulated feed. According to the
                 results, the M.P group was higher in weight gain, feed
                 efficiency ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and
                 specific growth rate and lower in mortality rate than
                 the E.P group. All cases of mortality were caused by
                 six kinds of disease, four of which (Vibrio sp.,
                 Edwardsiella sp., Streptococcus sp., and
                 Scuticociliates) were common to the two groups, whereas
                 Lymphocystis arose only in the M.P group and abdominal
                 inflation only in the E.P group at both farms. As for
                 mortality in the present experiment, the numbers were
                 1047 at Da-Hae farm and 1167 at Global farm, with more
                 fish dying in the E.P tanks than in the M.P tanks. By
                 multiplying the number of deaths by selling price, the
                 economic losses were \$9650 and \$10,756, respectively.
                 Therefore, it should be considered an urgent priority
                 to develop flounder-exclusive formulated feed for
                 improved digestion and absorption rate and also to
                 establish a water-quality-improvement management
                 plan.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Vu:2020:OLF,
  author =       "Ngoc-Ut Vu and Truong-Giang Huynh",
  title =        "Optimized Live Feed Regime Significantly Improves
                 Growth Performance and Survival Rate for Early Life
                 History Stages of Pangasius Catfish
                 (\bioname{Pangasianodon hypophthalmus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "20",
  day =          "28",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5030020",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/3/20",
  abstract =     "This study aimed to determine the optimal live feed
                 regime (i.e., initial feeding moment, density, and
                 frequency) for maximum growth and survival of pangasius
                 catfish (\bioname{Pangasianodon hypophthalmus}) early
                 life history stages. The first experiment assessed the
                 optimal initial feeding moment (30, 36, 42, and 48 h
                 post hatching, hph). The second experiment assessed
                 feeding density (3, 5, 8 and 11 individuals per mL,
                 ind/mL) at the optimal initial feeding moment (30 hph)
                 which was the best result from the first experiment.
                 The third experiment assessed optimal feeding frequency
                 (1, 2, 4, and 6 times per day) at the optimal initial
                 feeding moment (30 hph) and density (8 ind/mL) which
                 was drawn upon from the second experiment. All
                 experiments were conducted in 20 L containers
                 containing 20 hph P. hypophthalmus larvae at a density
                 of 10 ind/L and fed rotifers (Brachionus angularis) for
                 3 days and then water fleas (\bioname{Moina macrocopa})
                 for 7 days. The first experiment demonstrated that
                 larvae initially fed at 30 hph exhibited a
                 significantly higher survival rate (24\%) than larvae
                 initially fed at 36, 42, and 48 hph (19\%, 16\%, and
                 16\%), respectively. The second experiment demonstrated
                 that larvae fed at 8 and 11 ind/mL densities exhibited
                 significantly higher survival rates (32\% and 32\%)
                 than larvae fed at 3 and 5 ind/mL densities (13\% and
                 23\%), respectively. The third experiment demonstrated
                 that the highest survival rate (66\%) was obtained when
                 larvae were fed 6 times per day. These results provide
                 valuable insights regarding the optimal live feed
                 regime for better growth and survival of P.
                 hypophthalmus larvae, which are commercially important
                 and numerously cultured throughout the Mekong Delta
                 region.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nikiforidou:2020:VMM,
  author =       "Vasiliki Nikiforidou and Stefanos Zaoutsos and
                 Nikolaos Vlahos and Panagiotis Berillis",
  title =        "Vertebrae Morphometric Measurement and {Ca/P} Levels
                 of Different Age {European} Seabass
                 (\bioname{Dicentrarchus labrax})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "37",
  day =          "08",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5040037",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/4/37",
  abstract =     "The European seabass is one of the most important
                 species of the Mediterranean, specifically Greece.
                 Individuals with different numbers of vertebrae have
                 been reported. This number ranges from 24 to 26
                 vertebrae. In this study a sample of 73 individual
                 seabass were collected from fish farms and divided into
                 three age groups. The first group included fingerling
                 individuals, the second group, juvenile individuals and
                 the third group, adult individuals. The number and the
                 length of their vertebrae were measured by radiographs.
                 The individuals were divided into subgroups according
                 to their vertebrae number, and from each one the tenth
                 vertebra was taken. Ca and P levels (\%) of each tenth
                 vertebra were measured by X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and
                 the Ca/P ratio was determined. Vertebrae length, Ca and
                 P levels and Ca/P ratio were compared among age groups
                 and among individuals with different numbers of
                 vertebrae. It was shown that the European seabass's
                 vertebral column can be divided to three
                 sections---cervical, abdominal and caudal---following
                 the striped bass (\bioname{Morone saxatilis}) model.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sorensen:2020:CSD,
  author =       "Peter W. Sorensen and Przemyslaw G. Bajer",
  title =        "Case Studies Demonstrate That Common Carp Can Be
                 Sustainably Reduced by Exploiting Source-Sink Dynamics
                 in {Midwestern} Lakes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "36",
  day =          "04",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5040036",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/4/36",
  abstract =     "The common carp has been highly problematic in North
                 American ecosystems since its introduction over a
                 century ago. In many watersheds, its abundance appears
                 to be driven by source-sink dynamics in which carp
                 reproduce successfully in peripheral ponds that lack
                 egg/larva micro-predators which then serve as sources
                 of recruits for deeper lakes. This manuscript describes
                 how carp were sustainably reduced in two chains of
                 lakes by disrupting source-sink dynamics in three
                 steps. First, we ascertained whether lakes had
                 problematic densities of carp that could be explained
                 by source-sink dynamics. Second, ways to control
                 recruitment were developed and implemented including:
                 (i) aerating source ponds to reduce hypoxia and
                 increase micro-predator abundance, (ii) blocking carp
                 migration, and (iii) locating and removing adults from
                 sinks using targeted netting guided by Judas fish.
                 Third, we monitored and adapted. Using this strategy,
                 the density of carp in 3 lakes in one chain was reduced
                 from 177 kg/ha to $ \approx $100 kg/ha in 3 years and
                 held constant for a decade. Similarly, adult density
                 was reduced from 300 kg carp/ha in 2 lakes in the other
                 chain to 25 kg/ha. Once carp densities were low,
                 aluminum sulfate treatments became reasonable and once
                 conducted, water quality improved.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Richard:2020:MFW,
  author =       "Adand{\'e} Richard and Liady Mouhamadou Nourou Dine
                 and Djidohokpin Gildas and Adjahouinou Dogb{\`e}
                 Cl{\'e}ment and Azon Mahuan Tobias C{\'e}saire and
                 Micha Jean-Claude and Fiogbe Didier Emile",
  title =        "Multispecies Fresh Water Algae Production for Fish
                 Farming Using Rabbit Manure",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "35",
  day =          "30",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5040035",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/4/35",
  abstract =     "The current study aims at determining the optimal
                 usage conditions of rabbit manure in a multispecies
                 fresh water algae production for fish farming. This
                 purpose, the experimental design is made of six
                 treatments in triplicate including one control T 0, T
                 1, T 2, T 3, T 4, T 5 corresponding respectively to 0,
                 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1500 g/m 3 of dry rabbit manure
                 put into buckets containing 40 L of demineralized water
                 and then fertilized. The initial average seeding
                 density is made of 4 $ \times $ 10 3 {\pm} 2.5 $ \times
                 $ 10 2 cells/L of Chlorophyceae, 1.5 $ \times $ 10 3
                 {\pm} 1 $ \times $ 10 2 cells/L of Coscinodiscophyceae,
                 3 $ \times $ 10 3 {\pm} 1.2 $ \times $ 10 2 cells/L of
                 Conjugatophyceae, 2.8 $ \times $ 10 3 {\pm} 1.5 $
                 \times $ 10 2 cells/L of Bascillariophyceae, and 2.5 $
                 \times $ 10 3 {\pm} 1.4 $ \times $ 10 2 cells/L of
                 Euglenophyceae. During the experiments, the effects of
                 these treatments on abiotic and biotic parameters
                 (chlorophyll-a concentration, phytoplankton density and
                 algal density) of different production media were
                 monitored. Results show that average density of
                 different phytoplankton classes is higher in treatment
                 T 5 (7.91 $ \times $ 10 8 {\pm} 6.78 $ \times $ 10 7
                 cells/L) followed by T 4 (5.56 $ \times $ 10 8 {\pm}
                 4.27 $ \times $ 10 7 cells/L), T 2 (3.87 $ \times $ 10
                 8 {\pm} 3.10 $ \times $ 10 8 cells/L), T 3 (3.79 $
                 \times $ 10 8 {\pm} 3.18 $ \times $ 10 8 cells/L), with
                 high significant difference (F (4,84) = 5, 35, p {$<$}
                 0.00). Chl-a concentration varied from 0.07 {\pm} 0.05
                 mg/L (T 0) to 14.47 {\pm} 12.50 mg/L (T 5) with high
                 significant differences observed among treatments (F
                 (5,83) = 3,09, p = 0,01). In addition, fourteen (14)
                 species belonging to eight (8) families, five (5)
                 classes and three (3) phyla were identified in our
                 different production media. During the culture,
                 Chlorophyceae class was the most represented in all
                 treatments with 5 species (36\% of the specific
                 diversity) while Euglenophyceae class (7\%) was the
                 least represented with only one (01) species. According
                 to these results, treatments T 2 (600 g/m 3), T 3 (900
                 g/m 3) and T 4 (1200 g/m 3) of dry rabbit manure are
                 those worthy to be recommended as an alternative for a
                 low cost massive production of multispecies freshwater
                 algae that can be easily used by freshwater zooplankton
                 and macroinvertebrates. Indeed, despite the best
                 performances that it shows, treatment T 5, presents
                 important eutrophication's risks.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ytteborg:2020:MTV,
  author =       "Elisabeth Ytteborg and {\O}yvind Johannes Hansen and
                 Vibeke H{\o}st and Sergey Afanasyev and Ireen Vieweg
                 and Jasmine Nahrgang and Aleksei Krasnov",
  title =        "Morphology, Transcriptomics and In Vitro Model of Skin
                 from Polar Cod (\bioname{Boreogadus saida}) and
                 {Atlantic} Cod (\bioname{Gadus morhua})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "34",
  day =          "04",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5040034",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/4/34",
  abstract =     "Fish skin is a multifunctional barrier tissue with
                 high regeneration capacity that interacts with the
                 surrounding environment and provides protection.
                 Functional importance, high complexity and activity
                 make skin an attractive tissue for studying the effects
                 of environmental challenges and chemical stressors in
                 fish. The aim of this work was to characterize skin
                 from polar cod (\bioname{Boreogadus saida}) and
                 Atlantic cod (\bioname{Gadus morhua}), and to test cod
                 skin as an in vitro model in exposure studies. Both
                 species have similar skin structures including
                 epidermis, mucous cells, club cells and scales.
                 However, microarchitectural differences were detected;
                 Atlantic cod has a smooth epidermal surface and
                 overlapping scales, whereas polar cod has a folded
                 outer surface and discontinuous scales. Genome-wide
                 microarray found 6.5k genes with expression
                 differences, which suggested more active turnover of
                 proteins, proliferation and motility of cells in skin
                 of polar cod. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) was used to
                 examine skin responses. Transcriptome response was
                 stronger in the skin of polar cod, with 155
                 differentially expressed genes. The skin from Atlantic
                 cod was further used to develop a cell culture. H 2 O 2
                 decreased the cell migration rate in a dose-dependent
                 manner, which could indicate reduced skin healing
                 capacity. The results revealed novel skin structures
                 and confirmed that the skin from cod is a promising
                 tissue for evaluation of stressors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Newman:2020:CBI,
  author =       "Raymond M. Newman and Fred G. Henson and Carl
                 Richards",
  title =        "Competition between Invasive Ruffe
                 (\bioname{Gymnocephalus cernua}) and Native Yellow
                 Perch (\bioname{Perca flavescens}) in Experimental
                 Mesocosms",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "33",
  day =          "17",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5040033",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/4/33",
  abstract =     "Ruffe (\bioname{Gymnocephalus cernua}) were introduced
                 to North America from Europe in the mid-1980s and based
                 on similar diets and habit use may compete with yellow
                 perch (\bioname{Perca flavescens}). To examine
                 competitive interactions between invasive ruffe and
                 native yellow perch, individually marked perch and
                 ruffe were placed in mesocosms in a small lake.
                 Mesocosms allowed fish to interact and feed on the
                 natural prey populations enclosed. In the first
                 experiment, four treatments were assessed: 28 perch, 14
                 perch + 14 ruffe, 14 perch, and 7 perch + 7 ruffe.
                 Yellow perch growth was significantly lower in the
                 presence of ruffe (ANOVA, p = 0.005) than in treatments
                 containing only perch. In a second experiment, an
                 increasing density of one species was superimposed upon
                 a constant density of the other in parallel treatment
                 series. Growth rates of both ruffe and perch declined
                 when ruffe density was increased (t test, p = 0.006).
                 However, neither ruffe nor perch growth was affected by
                 increasing perch density. Total stomach content mass of
                 perch was significantly decreased by ruffe in both
                 years (p {$<$} 0.02), but no effects of ruffe on the
                 composition of perch diets were observed. Ruffe growth
                 and food consumption was greater than that of perch for
                 both experiments. Ruffe can outcompete yellow perch
                 when both species depend on a limited benthic food
                 resource. Thus there is reason for concern for the
                 ecological effects of ruffe if they expand their range
                 into {Lake Erie} or North American inland lakes that
                 contain yellow perch.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mmanda:2020:DLF,
  author =       "Francis Pius Mmanda and Jan Erik Lindberg and Anna
                 Norman Hald{\'e}n and Matern S. P. Mtolera and Rukia
                 Kitula and Torbj{\"o}rn Lundh",
  title =        "Digestibility of Local Feed Ingredients in Tilapia
                 \bioname{Oreochromis niloticus} Juveniles, Determined
                 on Faeces Collected by Siphoning or Stripping",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "32",
  day =          "15",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5040032",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/4/32",
  abstract =     "Eight locally available protein source ingredients in
                 Tanzania were selected for assessment of apparent
                 digestibility (AD) in tilapia \bioname{Oreochromis
                 niloticus}, using faeces samples collected by siphoning
                 or stripping. The selected protein source ingredients
                 were Lake Victoria sardines (FM), brewers spent yeast
                 (BSY), moringa leaves (ML), freshwater shrimp (FSH),
                 marine shrimp (MSH), cattle blood (CB), duckweed (DW)
                 and fish frames (FF). The AD (\%) of dry matter (DM),
                 organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) was
                 unaffected (p $>$ 0.782--0.901) by the faeces
                 collection method (i.e., siphoning or stripping), with
                 correlation coefficient (r) of 0.98, 0.99 and 0.93
                 between AD values for DM, OM and CP, respectively,
                 following siphoning and stripping. The AD (\%) of DM,
                 OM, CP and gross energy (GE) in the test ingredients
                 differed (p {$<$} 0.0001). The AD (\%) of DM and OM was
                 lowest in BSY and DW, followed in increasing order by
                 ML, MSH, FF, FSH and CB. In general, the AD (\%) of CP
                 was high ($>$76\%), but with a low value (46\%) for DW.
                 The AD (\%) of GE was closely correlated (r = 0.96)
                 with the AD of OM. In conclusion, FSH, MSH, CB, FF, BSY
                 and ML have acceptable protein digestibility to be used
                 in tilapia diet formulation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ruiz-Garcia:2020:DSM,
  author =       "David Ruiz-Garc{\'\i}a and Kye Adams and Heidi Brown
                 and Andrew R. Davis",
  title =        "Determining Stingray Movement Patterns in a Wave-Swept
                 Coastal Zone Using a Blimp for Continuous Aerial Video
                 Surveillance",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "31",
  day =          "30",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2020",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes5040031",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:25 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/5/4/31",
  abstract =     "Stingrays play a key role in the regulation of
                 nearshore ecosystems. However, their movement ecology
                 in high-energy surf areas remains largely unknown due
                 to the notorious difficulties in conducting research in
                 these environments. Using a blimp as an aerial platform
                 for video surveillance, we overcame some of the
                 limitations of other tracking methods, such as the use
                 of tags and drones. This novel technology offered
                 near-continuous coverage to characterise the fine-scale
                 movements of stingrays in a surf area in Kiama,
                 Australia, without any invasive procedures. A total of
                 98 stingray tracks were recorded, providing 6 h 27 min
                 of movement paths. The tracking data suggest that
                 stingrays may use a depth gradient located in the
                 sandflat area of the bay for orientating their
                 movements and transiting between locations within their
                 home range. Our research also indicates that stingray
                 behaviour was influenced by diel periods and tidal
                 states. We observed a higher stingray occurrence during
                 the afternoon, potentially related to foraging and
                 anti-predatory strategies. We also saw a reduced route
                 fidelity during low tide, when the bathymetric
                 reference was less accessible due to stranding risk.
                 Considering the increasing threat of anthropogenic
                 development to nearshore coastal environments, the
                 identification of these patterns can better inform the
                 management and mitigation of threats.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Setyohadi:2021:UIS,
  author =       "Daduk Setyohadi and Umi Zakiyah and Abu Bakar Sambah
                 and Adi Wijaya",
  title =        "Upwelling Impact on \bioname{Sardinella lemuru} during
                 the {Indian Ocean} Dipole in the {Bali Strait,
                 Indonesia}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "8",
  day =          "16",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6010008",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/1/8",
  abstract =     "Understanding the impact of Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)
                 on fishery around Indonesia is important as the fishery
                 resources are small compared to the demand. In this
                 study, we analyzed the effect of positive and negative
                 phases of IOD on chlorophyll-a concentration and the
                 catch of Sardinella lemuru in the Bali Strait. Data are
                 based on field surveys in the Bali Strait during the
                 positive and negative phase of IOD and Sea Surface
                 Temperature (SST) and Sea Surface Chlorophyll (SSC)
                 obtained from the analysis of satellite images. The
                 results suggest that SSC concentration in the strait
                 significantly correlates with the positive and negative
                 phase of IOD, possibly through a change of upwelling
                 and downwelling there. It is suggested that the change
                 of phytoplankton biomass due to positive IOD would
                 result in an increase of \bioname{Sardinella lemuru} in
                 the Bali Strait. This research has direct implications
                 as important information for the government in planning
                 lemuru fisheries management in the Bali Strait based on
                 oceanographic studies and climate phenomena.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2021:SIS,
  author =       "Xi Zhang and Zhiyuan Shen and Tianpeng Qi and Rujuan
                 Xi and Xiao Liang and Li Li and Rong Tang and Dapeng
                 Li",
  title =        "Slight Increases in Salinity Improve Muscle Quality of
                 Grass Carp (\bioname{Ctenopharyngodon idellus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "7",
  day =          "24",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6010007",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/1/7",
  abstract =     "Fish muscle quality is an important parameter in the
                 aquaculture industry. In this study, we analyzed and
                 compared the muscle quality of grass carp
                 (\bioname{Ctenopharyngodon idellus}) cultured at
                 salinities of 0\permille, 3\permille, and 6\permille
                 (GC0, GC3, GC6). There was no significant difference in
                 crude protein and crude fat content of muscle between
                 GC0 and GC3. Crude fat was significantly lower in GC6
                 compared to the other groups. GC3 and GC6 had higher
                 hydroxyproline content, which suggested that these
                 groups had higher collagen content. GC3 and GC6 had
                 higher contents of free amino acids and umami amino
                 acids than GC0, but there was no significant difference
                 in sweet or sour amino-acid content among groups. GC3
                 and GC6 had better texture properties, including
                 hardness, gumminess, chewiness, resilience, and
                 springiness, than GC0. GC3 had the highest
                 water-holding capacity among the groups. As the
                 salinity increased, the diameter of muscle fibers
                 decreased and the sarcolemma showed a thickening trend.
                 These results suggest that a slight increase in
                 salinity (i.e., 3\permille) can effectively improve the
                 muscle quality of grass carp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yick:2021:EIC,
  author =       "Jonah L. Yick and Chris Wisniewski and John Diggle and
                 Jawahar G. Patil",
  title =        "Eradication of the Invasive Common Carp,
                 \bioname{Cyprinus carpio} from a Large Lake: Lessons
                 and Insights from the {Tasmanian} Experience",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6",
  day =          "23",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6010006",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/1/6",
  abstract =     "Common carp (\bioname{Cyprinus carpio}, L. 1758) are
                 the most abundant pest fish species in Australia,
                 detrimental to ecosystem integrity and values, and in
                 need of suitable management solutions. In January 1995,
                 this destructive pest was discovered in two large,
                 connected Tasmanian lakes --- Lakes Crescent (23 km 2)
                 and Sorell (54 km 2). After an initial assessment, carp
                 were immediately contained to these waters using
                 screens to prevent their escape down-stream, followed
                 by swift legislation to enforce closure of the lakes to
                 the public. Assessment and evaluation of carp numbers
                 occurred throughout the eradication program, with
                 effort focused on Lake Crescent. Beginning with
                 undirected removal, techniques progressively evolved to
                 more sophisticated targeted removal with assistance
                 from biotelemetry, in conjunction with gill netting and
                 electro-fishing. Real-time population estimates and in
                 situ observations resulted in a detailed cumulative
                 understanding of carp population dynamics, behaviour
                 and seasonal habitat choice. This allowed strategic
                 deployment of fences to block access to marshes, and
                 the installation of steel traps within the fences.
                 These gears specifically prevented spawning
                 opportunities, while concurrently capturing mature
                 fish. Following 12 years of adaptive and integrated
                 effort, 7797 carp (fry, juvenile and adult) were
                 captured from Lake Crescent, with the last carp being
                 caught in December 2007. The subsequent 14 years of
                 monitoring has not resulted in the capture of any carp,
                 confirming the successful eradication of carp from Lake
                 Crescent. These management practices have been
                 successfully replicated in the larger Lake Sorell,
                 where 41,499 carp (fry, juvenile and adult) have been
                 removed. It is now estimated that there are few, if any
                 carp remaining. Collectively, the techniques and
                 strategies described here were reliable, and can be
                 applied as a model to control or eradicate pest
                 populations of carp in freshwater lakes elsewhere.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Martinez:2021:SGD,
  author =       "Gil Mart{\'\i}nez and Emyr Pe{\~n}a and Rafael
                 Mart{\'\i}nez and Susana Camarillo and Warren Burggren
                 and Alfonso {\'A}lvarez",
  title =        "Survival, Growth, and Development in the Early Stages
                 of the Tropical Gar \bioname{Atractosteus tropicus}:
                 Developmental Critical {Windows} and the Influence of
                 Temperature, Salinity, and Oxygen Availability",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "5",
  day =          "12",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6010005",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/1/5",
  abstract =     "Alterations in fish developmental trajectories occur
                 in response to genetic and environmental changes,
                 especially during sensitive periods of development
                 (critical windows). Embryos and larvae of
                 \bioname{Atractosteus tropicus} were used as a model to
                 study fish survival, growth, and development as a
                 function of temperature (28 \degree C control, 33
                 \degree C, and 36 \degree C), salinity (0.0 ppt
                 control, 4.0 ppt, and 6.0 ppt), and air saturation
                 (control $ \approx $95\% air saturation, hypoxia $
                 \approx $30\% air saturation, and hyperoxia $ \approx
                 $117\% air saturation) during three developmental
                 periods: (1) fertilization to hatch, (2) day 1 to day 6
                 post hatch (dph), and (3) 7 to 12 dph. Elevated
                 temperature, hypoxia, and hyperoxia decreased survival
                 during incubation, and salinity at 2 and 3 dph. Growth
                 increased in embryos incubated at elevated temperature,
                 at higher salinity, and in hyperoxia but decreased in
                 hypoxia. Changes in development occurred as alterations
                 in the timing of hatching, yolk depletion, acceptance
                 of exogenous feeding, free swimming, and snout shape
                 change, especially at high temperature and hypoxia. Our
                 results suggest identifiable critical windows of
                 development in the early ontogeny of A. tropicus and
                 contribute to the knowledge of fish larval ecology and
                 the interactions of individuals $ \times $ stressors $
                 \times $ time of exposure.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Martens:2021:ECF,
  author =       "Kyle D. Martens and Jason Dunham",
  title =        "Evaluating Coexistence of Fish Species with Coastal
                 Cutthroat Trout in Low Order Streams of {Western Oregon
                 and Washington, USA}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "4",
  day =          "30",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6010004",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/1/4",
  abstract =     "When multiple species of fish coexist there are a host
                 of potential ways through which they may interact, yet
                 there is often a strong focus on studies of single
                 species without considering these interactions. For
                 example, many studies of forestry--stream interactions
                 in the Pacific Northwest have focused solely on the
                 most prevalent species: Coastal cutthroat trout. To
                 examine the potential for interactions of other fishes
                 with coastal cutthroat trout, we conducted an analysis
                 of 281 sites in low order streams located on
                 Washington's Olympic Peninsula and along the central
                 Oregon coast. Coastal cutthroat trout and juvenile coho
                 salmon were the most commonly found salmonid species
                 within these streams and exhibited positive
                 associations with each other for both presence and
                 density. Steelhead were negatively associated with the
                 presence of coastal cutthroat trout as well as with
                 coho salmon and sculpins (Cottidae). Coastal cutthroat
                 trout most frequently shared streams with juvenile coho
                 salmon. For densities of these co-occurring species,
                 associations between these two species were relatively
                 weak compared to the strong influences of physical
                 stream conditions (size and gradient), suggesting that
                 physical conditions may have more of an influence on
                 density than species interactions. Collectively, our
                 analysis, along with a review of findings from prior
                 field and laboratory studies, suggests that the net
                 effect of interactions between coastal cutthroat trout
                 and coho salmon do not appear to inhibit their presence
                 or densities in small streams along the Pacific
                 Northwest.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Office:2021:ARF,
  author =       "Fishes Editorial Office",
  title =        "Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Fishes in 2020",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "3",
  day =          "27",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6010003",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/1/3",
  abstract =     "When multiple species of fish coexist there are a host
                 of potential ways through which they may interact, yet
                 there is often a strong focus on studies of single
                 species without considering these interactions. For
                 example, many studies of forestry--stream interactions
                 in the Pacific Northwest have focused solely on the
                 most prevalent species: Coastal cutthroat trout. To
                 examine the potential for interactions of other fishes
                 with coastal cutthroat trout, we conducted an analysis
                 of 281 sites in low order streams located on
                 Washington's Olympic Peninsula and along the central
                 Oregon coast. Coastal cutthroat trout and juvenile coho
                 salmon were the most commonly found salmonid species
                 within these streams and exhibited positive
                 associations with each other for both presence and
                 density. Steelhead were negatively associated with the
                 presence of coastal cutthroat trout as well as with
                 coho salmon and sculpins (Cottidae). Coastal cutthroat
                 trout most frequently shared streams with juvenile coho
                 salmon. For densities of these co-occurring species,
                 associations between these two species were relatively
                 weak compared to the strong influences of physical
                 stream conditions (size and gradient), suggesting that
                 physical conditions may have more of an influence on
                 density than species interactions. Collectively, our
                 analysis, along with a review of findings from prior
                 field and laboratory studies, suggests that the net
                 effect of interactions between coastal cutthroat trout
                 and coho salmon do not appear to inhibit their presence
                 or densities in small streams along the Pacific
                 Northwest.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Young:2021:ASL,
  author =       "Bradley Young and B. J. Allaire and Stephen Smith",
  title =        "Achieving Sea Lamprey Control in {Lake Champlain}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "2",
  day =          "26",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6010002",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/1/2",
  abstract =     "The control of parasitic sea lamprey in Lake Champlain
                 has been a necessary component of its fishery
                 restoration and recovery goals for 30 years. While
                 adopting the approach of the larger and established sea
                 lamprey control program of the Laurentian Great Lakes,
                 local differences emerged that shifted management focus
                 and effort as the program evolved. Increased investment
                 in lamprey assessment and monitoring revealed
                 under-estimations of population density and
                 distribution in the basin, where insufficient control
                 efforts went unnoticed. As control efforts improved in
                 response to a better understanding of the population,
                 the effects of lamprey on the fishery lessened. A
                 long-term evaluation of fishery responses when lamprey
                 control was started, interrupted, delayed, and enhanced
                 provided evidence of a recurring relationship between
                 the level of control effort applied and the measured
                 suppression of the parasitic sea lamprey population.
                 Changes in levels of control efforts over time showed
                 repeatedly that measurable suppression of the parasitic
                 population required effective control of 80\% of the
                 known larval population. Understanding the importance
                 of assessment and monitoring and the relationship
                 between control effort and population suppression has
                 led to recognition that a comprehensive, not
                 incremental, approach is needed to achieve effective
                 control of sea lamprey in Lake Champlain.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Flinn:2021:TGM,
  author =       "Shane A. Flinn and Stephen R. Midway",
  title =        "Trends in Growth Modeling in Fisheries Science",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6010001",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/1/1",
  abstract =     "Growth models estimate life history parameters (e.g.,
                 growth rates and asymptotic size) that are used in the
                 management of fisheries stocks. Traditionally in
                 fisheries science, it was common to fit one growth
                 model---the von Bertalanffy growth model---to
                 size-at-age data. However, in recent years, fisheries
                 science has seen an increase in the number of growth
                 models available and the evaluation of multiple growth
                 models for a given species or study. We reviewed n =
                 196 peer-reviewed age and growth studies and n = 50
                 NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)
                 regional stock assessments to examine trends in the use
                 of growth models and model selection in fisheries over
                 time. Our results indicate that the total number of age
                 and growth studies increased annually since 1988 with a
                 slight proportional increase in the use of multi-model
                 frameworks. Information theoretic approaches are
                 replacing goodness-of-fit and a priori model selection
                 in fisheries studies; however, this trend is not
                 reflected in NOAA stock assessments, which almost
                 exclusively rely on the von Bertalanffy growth model.
                 Covariates such as system (e.g., marine or fresh),
                 location of study, diet, family, maximum age, and range
                 of age data used in model fitting did not contribute to
                 which model was ultimately the best fitting, suggesting
                 that there are no large-scale patterns of specific
                 growth models being applied to species with common life
                 histories or other attributes. Given the importance and
                 ubiquity of growth modeling to fisheries science, a
                 historical and contemporary understanding of the
                 practice is critical to evaluate improvements that have
                 been made and future challenges.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Azeiteiro:2021:DTA,
  author =       "Ulisses M. Azeiteiro and M{\'a}rio J. Pereira and
                 Amadeu M. V. M. Soares and Heitor O. Braga and Fernando
                 Morgado and Magda C. Sousa and Jo{\~a}o M. Dias and
                 Carlos Antunes",
  title =        "Dynamics of Two Anadromous Species in a Dam
                 Intersected River: Analysis of Two 100-Year Datasets",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "21",
  day =          "05",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020021",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/21",
  abstract =     "Long-term time-series datasets are key for assessing
                 the population dynamics of fish species with economic
                 interest. This study examines two 100-year datasets for
                 sea lamprey \bioname{Petromyzon marinus} and allis shad
                 \bioname{Alosa alosa} from the Minho River. This basin
                 on the Iberian Peninsula is home to one of the largest
                 populations at the southern distribution limit of these
                 critically endangered anadromous fish species. Besides
                 assessing the importance of the environmental drivers
                 of fish capture data (temperature, salinity, upwelling,
                 precipitation, and climatic oscillation), this study
                 also assesses how dam construction affected these
                 populations using intervention analysis --- a
                 statistical tool to detect significant breakpoints in
                 time series data. Results showed contrasting trends
                 between sea lamprey and allis shad, with the number of
                 captured fish from the first progressively improving
                 from 1914 to 2017, and the latter recording a
                 significant decline over time. Although no significant
                 correlations were detected between fishing data and
                 environmental variables, some of the identified
                 breakpoints in the time series data matched the dates
                 when the major dams in Minho River were built. Other
                 historical activities associated with mining might
                 explain the notable changes detected in the trends,
                 while issues associated with illegal, unreported, and
                 unregulated capture data are also discussed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cao:2021:EAA,
  author =       "Jie Cao and Qi Wang and Jun Mei and Jing Xie",
  title =        "Effect of 3-Aminobenzoic Acid Ethyl Ester
                 Methanesulfonate ({MS-222}) on Quality of Marine
                 Cultured Turbot (\bioname{Scophthalmus maximus}) during
                 Simulated Transport in Water",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "20",
  day =          "19",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020020",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/20",
  abstract =     "This study evaluated the effect of different
                 concentrations (20, 40 and 60 mg/L) of 3-aminobenzoic
                 acid ethyl ester methanesulfonate (MS-222) on the
                 quality changes in turbot during simulated transport in
                 water. The results showed that the ammonia nitrogen
                 content in the transportation water of each sample
                 increased significantly, and the dissolved oxygen level
                 decreased. The dissolved oxygen content in
                 MS-222-treated samples was higher than that of control
                 group (CK) samples. For turbot flesh quality, simulated
                 transport in water led to a decrease in moisture, fat
                 and protein contents in all samples. The MS-222-treated
                 turbot samples showed higher pH values, glycogen
                 contents, springiness and chewiness values and lower
                 lactic acid contents comparing with the CK samples
                 during simulated transport in water. In addition, the
                 fresh and bitter amino acids in the muscle of turbot
                 increased in each treatment group compared to the
                 non-transported fish at the end of the simulated
                 transport. The results showed that MS-222 treatment
                 could retard the turbot transport stress and improve
                 the quality of turbot during simulated transport in
                 water.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ly:2021:EDD,
  author =       "Khanh Van Ly and David Kamau Murungu and Dung Phuong
                 Nguyen and Ngoc Anh Thi Nguyen",
  title =        "Effects of Different Densities of Sea Grape
                 \bioname{Caulerpa lentillifera} on Water Quality,
                 Growth and Survival of the Whiteleg Shrimp
                 \bioname{Litopenaeus vannamei} in Polyculture System",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "19",
  day =          "05",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020019",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/19",
  abstract =     "The integrated aquaculture-seaweed system has been
                 identified as a bio-mitigation strategy to overcome
                 environmental damage, improve the efficiency of
                 nutrient use, maintain good water quality, and ensure
                 the system's sustainability. This study was conducted
                 to determine the appropriate density of sea grape
                 (Caulerpa lentillifera) in polyculture with whiteleg
                 shrimp (\bioname{Litopenaeus vannamei}) in the same
                 culture tank. Five treatments were randomly designed in
                 triplicate tanks where shrimp was monocultured (without
                 sea grape) as a control treatment and four polyculture
                 treatments with different seaweed density levels (0.5,
                 1, 1.5, and 2 kg m \minus 3) for 56 days. The results
                 showed that polyculture of shrimp and sea grape
                 significantly reduced the concentrations of total
                 ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite (NO 2 \minus), nitrate
                 (NO 3 \minus), and phosphate (PO 4 3\minus) in the
                 rearing tanks and significantly improved (p {$<$} 0.05)
                 the growth rate (6.67--6.76\% day \minus 1), survival
                 (73.3--78.5\%), and production of shrimp (3.44--3.87 kg
                 m \minus 3) compared to monoculture (6.24\% day \minus
                 1, 54.8\%, and 2.02 kg m \minus 3, respectively).
                 Applying shrimp and sea grape polyculture at a density
                 of 1 kg m \minus 3 provided a relatively better shrimp
                 performance and feed conversion ratio than other
                 seaweed densities, although not significantly different
                 among polyculture treatments. The findings suggested
                 that sea grape could be used at densities of 0.5--2 kg
                 m \minus 3 in polyculture with whiteleg shrimp, of
                 which 1 kg m \minus 3 resulted in higher production and
                 feed efficiency.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Miyanishi:2021:ESS,
  author =       "Hiroshi Miyanishi and Katsuhisa Uchida",
  title =        "Establishment of a Simplified System to Evaluate
                 Salinity Preference and Validation of Behavioral
                 Salinity Selection in the {Japanese} Medaka,
                 \bioname{Oryzias latipes}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "18",
  day =          "28",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020018",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/18",
  abstract =     "In fishes, it is necessary to select a salinity
                 environment suitable for survival. However, little is
                 known about the mechanisms regarding detection and
                 selection of salinity environments in fish. This study
                 involved the establishment of a simple aquarium system
                 in which fish can swim between freshwater (FW) and
                 seawater (SW) in a single tank. In this tank, the lower
                 level contained SW, the upper level contained FW, and
                 the FW and SW levels were clearly separated as
                 different salinity areas. Behavioral experiments of
                 salinity environment selection using this simplified
                 system to evaluate salinity preference showed that
                 FW-acclimated medakas preferred FW to SW. In contrast,
                 SW-acclimated medakas preferred SW to FW. These results
                 indicate that euryhaline medakas prefer the saline
                 habitats to which they are acclimated, when able to
                 select the salinity environment. We identified the
                 taste receptor type-2 and polycystic kidney disease
                 2-like 1 genes as possibly related to high-salinity
                 taste in medaka. The expression of these genes
                 increased at certain time points after SW challenges.
                 In this study, we established an aquarium system to
                 facilitate a simple experiment for salinity preference.
                 Our results suggest that the medaka is good model for
                 research related to seawater environment selection in
                 fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liang:2021:MCG,
  author =       "Xiao Liang and Ying Wan and Zhiyuan Shen and Yanmei
                 Liu and Dapeng Li and Li Li and Rong Tang and Xi
                 Zhang",
  title =        "Molecular Characterization of \gene{Hsp47} in Grass
                 Carp (\bioname{Ctenopharyngodon idella}) and Its
                 Correlation with {Type I} Collagen in Response to Fish
                 Aerobic Exercise",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "17",
  day =          "23",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020017",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/17",
  abstract =     "Heat shock protein 47 (Hsp47) is a collagen-specific
                 molecular chaperone that is indispensable for molecular
                 maturation of collagen. In this study, hsp47 and
                 hsp47-like cDNAs were cloned and characterized in grass
                 carp (\bioname{Ctenopharyngodon idella}). The cDNAs
                 were 1212 and 1218 base pairs long, respectively, and
                 included an open reading frame encoding 403 and 405
                 amino acids. The molecular phylogeny based on the
                 deduced amino acid sequences indicated that the correct
                 sequences of the hsp47 and hsp47-like cDNA were
                 obtained and the deduced proteins clustered distinctly
                 into teleost clades. Primary structure analysis and
                 characterization of Hsp47 and Hsp47-like shared the
                 basic structure and biofunctions of Hsp47 in
                 vertebrates. The spatial pattern of gene expression
                 revealed that hsp47 and hsp47-like were relatively
                 ubiquitous in different tissues and highly expressed in
                 heart and skin. The expression levels of hsp47 and
                 hsp47-like and type I collagen mRNAs varied similarly
                 in different tissues. Type I collagen content increased
                 significantly with the increase of water velocity in
                 the muscle of grass carp in response to aerobic
                 exercise. Among the gene expression changes of hsp47,
                 hsp47-like, col1a1 and col1a2 in muscle that occurred
                 in response to aerobic exercise, the change of type I
                 collagen was most strongly correlated with hsp47
                 expression. Additionally, col1a1 showed the highest
                 correlation with hsp47-like and col1a2 showed the
                 highest correlation with hsp47. These findings suggest
                 that grass carp Hsp47 and Hsp47-like are closely
                 related to type I collagen synthesis. This study
                 firstly suggests fish aerobic exercise can improve type
                 I collagen content and Hsp47 gene expression in muscle
                 of grass carp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mukhtar:2021:SMP,
  author =       "Mutia Kamalia Mukhtar and Masita Dwi Mandini Manessa
                 and Supriatna Supriatna and Liya Tri Khikmawati",
  title =        "Spatial Modeling of Potential Lobster Harvest Grounds
                 in {Palabuhanratu Bay, West Java, Indonesia}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "16",
  day =          "21",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020016",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/16",
  abstract =     "Palabuhanratu Bay is a location in the southern part
                 of Java Island with a high lobster population. Based on
                 field observation, the lobster population in
                 Palabuhanratu Bay is dominated by \bioname{Panulirus
                 homarus} (green sand lobster), \bioname{Panulirus
                 versicolor} (bamboo lobster), \bioname{Panulirus
                 penicillatus} (black lobster), and \bioname{Panulirus
                 ornatus} (pearl lobster). This study aimed to develop a
                 spatial model using satellite-derived data to predict
                 potential lobster harvest grounds in Palabuhanratu Bay.
                 The Earth observational satellite data used were
                 multispectral Landsat 8-SR imagery, and information
                 about chlorophyll-a, salinity, total suspended solids
                 (TSSs), sea surface temperature (SST), and distance
                 from the coastline was extracted. Multiple linear
                 regression was applied to build the prediction model,
                 which was validated using 10-fold cross-validation. The
                 result of the lobster harvest prediction model agreed
                 with the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and adjusted R 2
                 values of 0.326 and 0.708, respectively. The
                 distribution of lobsters was strong at the following
                 preferred ranges: chlorophyll-a: 1.1--1.7 mg/m 3;
                 salinity: 20.2--23.7 ppt; TSS: 40--56.4 mg/L; SST:
                 29.5--29.9 \degree C; and distance from the coastline:
                 500--4700 m. In this study, the habitats of four
                 species of lobsters and their relationships with
                 satellite-derived parameters were evaluated.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Espinosa-Ruiz:2021:WIC,
  author =       "Crist{\'o}bal Espinosa-Ru{\'\i}z and Mar{\'\i}a
                 {\'A}ngeles Esteban",
  title =        "Wound-Induced Changes in Antioxidant Enzyme Activities
                 in Skin Mucus and in Gene Expression in the Skin of
                 Gilthead Seabream (\bioname{Sparus aurata} {L.})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "15",
  day =          "18",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020015",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/15",
  abstract =     "This study investigated the antioxidant enzyme
                 activities in the skin mucus of gilthead seabream
                 (\bioname{Sparus aurata} {L.}) at 3 and 7 days
                 post-wounding (dpw). The expression levels of the genes
                 that encode stress proteins (grp170, grp94, grp75, sod
                 and hsp70) and skin regeneration-related proteins (tf,
                 igf1, tgfb1, der1, apo1 and erdj3) in the skin also
                 were determined. Mucus and skin samples were obtained
                 from the left and right flanks of non-wounded and
                 wounded fish. In both flanks of the wounded fish,
                 catalase and glutathione reductase activities in the
                 skin mucus increased (p {$<$} 0.05) at 3 and 7 dpw (100
                 \pm 31\% and 111 \pm 25\%, respectively), whereas
                 superoxide dismutase activity increased (p {$<$} 0.05)
                 only at 7 dpw (135 \pm 15\%). The expression levels of
                 stress proteins in the skin of the wounded flank of the
                 wounded fish mainly increased at 7 dpw (grp170
                 increased to 288 \pm 85\%, grp94 to 502 \pm 143\%,
                 grp75 to 274 \pm 69\%, sod to 569 \pm 99\%, and hsp70
                 increased to 537 \pm 14\%) (p {$<$} 0.05). However, the
                 expression levels of the tissue regeneration-related
                 genes varied depending on the flank investigated, on
                 the experimental time, and on the gene studied. To the
                 best of our knowledge, this is the first work to
                 determine the effect of a wound in different skin parts
                 of the same fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Leese:2021:EWT,
  author =       "Joseph M. Leese and Julia McMahon and Joseph C.
                 Colosi",
  title =        "Effects of Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent in a
                 Receiving Stream on Reproductive Behavior of Fathead
                 Minnows (\bioname{Pimephales promelas})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "14",
  day =          "12",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020014",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/14",
  abstract =     "Wastewater treatment plant effluents contain a variety
                 of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including
                 chemicals with estrogenic activity such as 17\beta
                 -estradiol (E2), 17\alpha -ethinyl estradiol (EE2), and
                 nonylphenols. These substances can affect both behavior
                 and physiology in vertebrate animals. To explore the
                 presence and effects of these EDCs in a natural
                 setting, juvenile and adult male fathead minnows,
                 \bioname{Pimephales promelas}, were held in cages
                 upstream and downstream of the effluent site of a
                 wastewater treatment plant for 21 days and subsequently
                 tested for changes in reproductive behaviors and
                 production of vitellogenin. Additionally, estrogenic
                 activity in the stream was measured using a yeast
                 bioassay. Estrogenicity was found to be significantly
                 higher downstream of the wastewater effluent when
                 compared to levels upstream. Vitellogenin levels did
                 not show a correlational pattern with levels of
                 estrogenicity in the water, but two measures of
                 reproductive behaviors occurred significantly less
                 often in downstream males than upstream males. This
                 suggests that a brief (three-week) exposure to stream
                 water containing wastewater treatment plant effluent
                 can bring about changes in reproductive behavior of
                 fish and that behavior may be more sensitive to low
                 levels of environmental endocrine disruptors than
                 vitellogenin production.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ruban:2021:BCP,
  author =       "Dmitry A. Ruban and Vladimir A. Ermolaev",
  title =        "Black Caviar Perturbs Reflection of {Russian}
                 Geography: a Research Note of Aquaculture-Triggered
                 Place Naming Puzzle",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "13",
  day =          "06",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020013",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/13",
  abstract =     "Black caviar is often thought to be a typically
                 Russian luxurious food product. Recently, its
                 production has extended due to sturgeon aquaculture
                 development. The analysis of the geographical
                 affinities of the full-cycle companies and their
                 aquaculture-sourced black caviar implies that the
                 majority of them employs the Russian Caviar brand
                 and/or refers to the Russian traditions and history.
                 However, names, brands, and/or product positioning of
                 several companies tend to mention geographical objects
                 associated with the tradition places of black caviar
                 production (Astrakhan, the Caspian Sea, and the Volga
                 River), whereas these companies are located in the
                 other, sometimes remote places (with distances over
                 1000 km). Such marketing solutions of black caviar
                 producers perturb reflection of the Russian geography.
                 The geographical indication (place of origin) of this
                 fish product needs improvement, which is a task for
                 companies, state, and professional societies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lee:2021:MDC,
  author =       "Cheng-Linn Lee and Yuri Kominami and Hideki Ushio",
  title =        "Mechanism of Delayed Convulsion in Fish: the Actions
                 of Norepinephrine in Spinal Cord",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "12",
  day =          "31",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020012",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/12",
  abstract =     "Cranial spiking (CS) is among the most popular
                 slaughtering methods for delaying the rigor mortis
                 progress of fish muscles. However, it may cause a
                 convulsion (subsequently referred to as delayed
                 convulsion), which undermines the meat quality and
                 taste. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism
                 underlying the delayed convulsion and examine its
                 influence on ATP consumption. Ten carps, nine tilapias,
                 ten rainbow trouts, two ayus, three greenling,
                 thirty-five red seabreams, two striped jack and two
                 stone flounders underwent CS around the medulla
                 oblongata area, which induced different delayed
                 convulsion profiles specific to each species. To
                 investigate the norepinephrine (NE) actions related to
                 delayed convulsion, 27 red seabreams, a representative
                 fish species that exhibits delayed convulsion, were
                 treated with a monoamine-depleting agent, reserpine, or
                 with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, pargyline, two
                 hours before CS. Spinal cord destruction (SCD) was
                 employed to completely prevent spinal cord functions of
                 the fish in another group. Compared with the control
                 group (CS only), the reserpine, pargyline, and SCD
                 groups showed significantly inhibited delayed
                 convulsion and ATP consumption. This suggests that
                 delayed convulsion is the main ATP-consuming response.
                 Our findings suggest that delayed clonic convulsion in
                 red seabreams is associated with the rapid decrease in
                 spinal cord NE levels, which triggered the rebound
                 motor neuron hyperactivity.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wenzel:2021:EDP,
  author =       "Lisa Carolina Wenzel and Sebastian Marcus Strauch and
                 Ep Eding and Francisco Xose Presas-Basalo and Berit
                 Wasenitz and Harry Wilhelm Palm",
  title =        "Effects of Dissolved Potassium on Growth Performance,
                 Body Composition, and Welfare of Juvenile {African}
                 Catfish (\bioname{Clarias gariepinus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "11",
  day =          "28",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020011",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/11",
  abstract =     "Optimal crop production in aquaponics is influenced by
                 water pH and potassium concentrations. The addition of
                 potassium hydroxide (KOH) into the recirculating
                 aquaculture system (RAS) may benefit aquaponics by
                 increasing the water pH for better biofilter activity
                 and supplementing K for better plant growth and
                 quality. We investigated the growth, feed conversion,
                 body composition and welfare indicators of juvenile
                 African catfish (\bioname{Clarias gariepinus}) treated
                 with four concentrations of K (K0 = 2, K200 = 218, K400
                 = 418, and K600 = 671 mg L \minus 1). While growth,
                 feed conversion and final body composition were
                 unaffected, the feeding time and individual resting
                 significantly increased with increasing K +. The
                 swimming activity and agonistic behavior were reduced
                 significantly under increased concentrations of K +.
                 Leftover feed and the highest number of skin lesions
                 were observed under K600. We suggest that K +
                 concentrations between 200 and 400 mg L \minus 1 can
                 improve the welfare status of juvenile African catfish.
                 This enables the application of KOH in RAS to supply
                 alkalinity to achieve optimum nitrification at minimum
                 water exchange and improve the nutritional profile of
                 the process water with benefits for the welfare status
                 of African catfish and aquaponics plant production and
                 quality.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zielinski:2021:NSD,
  author =       "Daniel Patrick Zielinski and Peter W. Sorensen",
  title =        "Numeric Simulation Demonstrates That the Upstream
                 Movement of Invasive Bigheaded Carp Can Be Blocked at
                 Sets of {Mississippi River} Locks-and-Dams Using a
                 Combination of Optimized Spillway Gate Operations, Lock
                 Deterrents, and Carp Removal",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "10",
  day =          "26",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020010",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/10",
  abstract =     "Invasive bigheaded carp are advancing up the Upper
                 Mississippi River by passing through its locks-and-dams
                 (LDs). Although these structures already impede fish
                 passage, this role could be greatly enhanced by
                 modifying how their spillway gates operate, adding
                 deterrent systems to their locks, and removing carp.
                 This study examined this possibility using numeric
                 modeling and empirical data, which evaluated all three
                 options on an annual basis in both single LDs and pairs
                 under different river flow conditions. Over 100
                 scenarios were modeled. While all three approaches
                 showed promise, ranging from 8\% to 73\% reductions in
                 how many carp pass a single LD, when employed together
                 at pairs of LDs, upstream movement rates of invasive
                 carp could be reduced 98--99\% from current levels.
                 Although modifying spillway gate operation is the least
                 expensive option, its efficacy drops at high flows, so
                 lock deterrents and/or removal using fishing/trapping
                 are required to move towards complete blockage.
                 Improved deterrent efficacy could also offset the need
                 for more efficient removal. This model could help
                 prioritize research and management actions for
                 containing carp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Coburn:2021:APC,
  author =       "Jessica Coburn and M. Scott Wells and Nicholas B. D.
                 Phelps and T. Gibson Gaylord and Deborah A. Samac",
  title =        "Acceptance of a Protein Concentrate from Alfalfa
                 (\bioname{Medicago sativa}) by Yellow Perch
                 (\bioname{Perca flavescens}) Fed a Formulated Diet",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "9",
  day =          "25",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6020009",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:26 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/2/9",
  abstract =     "The majority of plant proteins used in aquatic feeds
                 are derived from seed meals, which may contain
                 antinutritional factors. Protein concentrates from
                 plant foliage have received less attention in fish
                 feeding trials. Alfalfa protein concentrate (APC) is
                 derived from fresh alfalfa foliage that contains
                 approximately 52\% protein and is low in fiber. A
                 feeding trial was done to assess growth and feed
                 efficiency responses of yellow perch (\bioname{Perca
                 flavescens}) fed a formulated diet with 180 g/kg APC
                 replacing all fishmeal compared to a control
                 isonitrogenous diet with fishmeal. Yellow perch
                 accepted the APC diet but gained weight at a lower
                 specific growth rate (\minus 0.07\% per day) and had an
                 elevated feed conversion ratio (+0.32 g feed/g growth)
                 than fish on the control diet containing fishmeal.
                 There was no impact on survivorship or condition nor
                 differences in fillet yield or composition in fish on
                 the diet with APC compared to the control fishmeal
                 diet. These findings indicate that although replacing
                 fishmeal with APC in a perch diet resulted in slower
                 growth rates, the APC was accepted and has promise as a
                 sustainable protein in aquatic feeds.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Guo:2021:CAN,
  author =       "Zhansheng Guo and Zhen Wang and Xuguang Hou",
  title =        "Comparative Analysis of the {nrDNA} Repeat Unit of
                 {Manila} Clam \bioname{Ruditapes philippinarum} and
                 Quahog \bioname{Mercenaria mercenaria}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "42",
  day =          "17",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030042",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/42",
  abstract =     "\bioname{Ruditapes philippinarum} and
                 \bioname{Mercenaria mercenaria} are economically
                 important bivalve species. The complete ribosomal DNA
                 (rDNA) unit sequences of R. philippinarum and M.
                 mercenaria, with as-sembled rDNA unit lengths of 12,910
                 and 12,100 bp, respectively, were obtained in this
                 study for the first time. The rDNA unit structural
                 organisation was similar to that in other eukaryotes,
                 in-cluding the following elements in order: 18S
                 rRNA-internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1); 5.8S
                 rRNA-ITS2-28S rRNA-intergenic spacer (IGS) (3\prime
                 external transcribed spacer (ETS); non-transcribed
                 spacer (NTS)-5\prime ETS). The genetic differences
                 between R. philippinarum and M. mercenaria were mainly
                 attributable to non-coding regions (ITS1, ITS2 and
                 IGS), especially the IGS region. The boundaries of
                 putative 3\prime ETS, NTS and 5\prime ETS were
                 confirmed. Seven and three sub-repeat fragments were
                 found in R. philippinarum and M. mercenaria,
                 respectively. These frag-ments ranged from 4 to 154 bp
                 in length, and were located at the NTS and 5\prime ETS
                 regions. Five and six cytosine--guanine (CpG) islands
                 were detected in R. philippinarum and M. mercenaria,
                 respec-tively, and these covered 85.58\% and 79.29\% of
                 the entire IGS sequence, respectively. The
                 phylo-genetic tree was constructed based on Veneridae
                 ITS and 18S rRNA sequences using the maxi-mum
                 likelihood (ML) method. The ML tree based on ITS
                 revealed that species within the same genus clearly
                 clustered together with relatively high supporting
                 values, and all the genera were recovered as
                 monophyletic. The phylogenetic analyses using 18S rRNA
                 provided a weaker phy-logenetic signal than ITS.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wei:2021:EEF,
  author =       "Xinyi Wei and Qiuguang Hu and Jintao Ma",
  title =        "Evaluation on the Effect of Fishery Insurance Policy:
                 Evidence Based on Text Mining",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "41",
  day =          "13",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030041",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/41",
  abstract =     "As a quasi-public product, fishery insurance has
                 become an important starting point for the construction
                 of the modern fishery industry chain, supply chain and
                 value chain risk management mechanism. We used visual
                 data processing methods and text mining technology to
                 screen policy samples. We then built a fishery
                 insurance policy evaluation system based on the Policy
                 Modeling Consistency (PMC) index model. We combined the
                 PMC index score and PMC surface to quantitatively
                 analyze the policy samples. This paper has four
                 important findings: (1) After three adjustments and
                 developments, the fishery insurance policy has grown in
                 terms of initial attention, changes, and development
                 and gradually matured. (2) A gap exists between the
                 content of the fishing insurance policy text and the
                 actual demand. The scoring results of the policy
                 samples are concentrated in the acceptable range, the
                 policy effects are not satisfactory, and the
                 formulation of fishery insurance policies has weak
                 links that need to be improved. (3) The consistency and
                 effectiveness of fishery insurance policies have
                 developed simultaneously with fishery insurance
                 research, and the practical effects of high-quality
                 fishery insurance policies are conducive to the
                 development of theoretical research. (4) The policy
                 text of fishery insurance has major problems, such as
                 missing joint force of issuing institutions, low
                 professionalism of the text, inadequate subdivision
                 guidance of fishery insurance, weak social
                 effectiveness, high dependence on financial subsidies,
                 lack of incentive sustainability and corresponding laws
                 and regulations and reduction in policy feasibility
                 among others. Considering the above issues, this paper
                 puts forward relevant policy optimization paths and
                 safeguard measures on the basis of giving priority to
                 greater absolute value.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chai:2021:IFS,
  author =       "Panfeng Chai and Qiuguang Hu and Xinyi Wei",
  title =        "Influence of Fishery Subsidies on Fishing: Empirical
                 Test Based on {China}'s Provincial Panel Data",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "40",
  day =          "13",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030040",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/40",
  abstract =     "Controversies surrounding fishery subsidy policies are
                 widespread. Many stakeholders believe that fishery
                 subsidies play an important role in ensuring the
                 livelihood of fishermen. At the same time, fishery
                 subsidies pose a threat to the stock of fishery
                 resources and affect the sustainable development of
                 fisheries. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces,
                 municipalities, and autonomous regions in China from
                 2007 to 2017, the article empirically examines the
                 influence of fishery subsidies on fishing. The results
                 of the study show that China\prime s fishery subsidies
                 are negatively correlated with fishing. On average, for
                 each 1\% increase in fishery subsidies, fishing will
                 decrease by 2.9\%. That is to say, in general, fishery
                 subsidies are conducive to the sustainable development
                 of fisheries. The results of heterogeneity analysis
                 based on geographic location and economic development
                 level show that fishery subsidies do not have a
                 palpable negative influence on fishing in coastal areas
                 or developed regions, whereas have an obvious adverse
                 influence on fishing in inland areas or underdeveloped
                 regions. The deterioration of the fishing environment
                 and the natural environment explains the occurrence of
                 this differentiation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chu:2021:SLP,
  author =       "Yuanming Chu and Mingtang Tan and Zhengkai Yi and
                 Zhaoyang Ding and Dazhang Yang and Jing Xie",
  title =        "Shelf-Life Prediction of Glazed Large Yellow Croaker
                 (\bioname{Pseudosciaena crocea}) during Frozen Storage
                 Based on {Arrhenius} Model and Long-Short-Term Memory
                 Neural Networks Model",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "39",
  day =          "10",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030039",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/39",
  abstract =     "In this study, the changes in centrifugal loss, TVB-N,
                 K-value, whiteness and sensory evaluation of glazed
                 large yellow croaker were analyzed at \minus 10, \minus
                 20, \minus 30 and \minus 40 \degree C storage. The
                 Arrhenius prediction model and long-short-term memory
                 neural networks (LSTM-NN) prediction model were
                 developed to predict the shelf-life of the glazed large
                 yellow croaker. The results showed that the quality of
                 glazed large yellow croaker gradually decreased with
                 the extension of frozen storage time, and the decrease
                 in quality slowed down at lower temperatures. Both the
                 Arrhenius model and the LSTM-NN prediction model were
                 good tools for predicting the shelf-life of glazed
                 large yellow croaker. However, for the relative error,
                 the prediction accuracy of LSTM-NN (with a mean value
                 of 7.78\%) was higher than that of Arrhenius model
                 (with a mean value of 11.90\%). Moreover, the LSTM-NN
                 model had a more intelligent, convenient and fast data
                 processing capability, so the new LSTM-NN model
                 provided a better choice for predicting the shelf-life
                 of glazed large yellow croaker.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Abo-Taleb:2021:GPF,
  author =       "Hamdy A. Abo-Taleb and Mohamed M. M. El-feky and Ahmad
                 M. Azab and Mohamed M. Mabrouk and Mohamed A. Elokaby
                 and Mohamed Ashour and Abdallah Tageldein Mansour and
                 Othman F. Abdelzaher and Khamael M. Abualnaja and Ahmed
                 E. Sallam",
  title =        "Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Gut Integrity,
                 and Economic Revenue of Grey Mullet, \bioname{Mugil
                 cephalus}, Fed an Increasing Level of Dried Zooplankton
                 Biomass Meal as Fishmeal Substitutions",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "38",
  day =          "10",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030038",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/38",
  abstract =     "Fishmeal is the most expensive feedstuff in the
                 aquafeed and one of the most environmentally limiting
                 factor of aquaculture development. Therefore, the
                 search for alternative protein sources is a continuous
                 process. The present feeding trial was conducted to
                 evaluate the effects of replacing fishmeal with
                 zooplankton biomass meal (ZBM) on the growth
                 performance, nutrient utilization, intestine, and liver
                 histological changes of grey mullet, \bioname{Mugil
                 cephalus} (initial weight of 0.10 \pm 0.01 g). Five
                 isoproteic (35\% crude protein) and isolipidic (8\%
                 crude lipid) diets were formulated as the control diet
                 (Z 0) and the other four diets (Z 25, Z 50, Z 75, and Z
                 100), where 25\%, 50\%, 75\%, and 100\% of fishmeal was
                 replaced by ZBM, respectively. After 60 days of
                 feeding, the final weight, weight gain, and daily
                 growth index of the grey mullet fed the Z 100 diet were
                 higher than those fed the control diet (p {$<$} 0.05).
                 In addition, the better values of feed conversion
                 ratio, protein efficiency ratio and lipid efficiency
                 ratio were recorded in the fish fed with the Z 100
                 diet. Additionally, the intestinal villus length,
                 crypts depth, and muscle thickness were significantly
                 improved with ZBM inclusion (p {$<$} 0.05). Meanwhile,
                 there were no histopathological changes observed on the
                 liver when compared with the control group. From the
                 economic point of view, dietary substitution of
                 fishmeal by ZBM (Z 100) reduced the cost of diet
                 formulation by 18\% and the price per kg weight gain by
                 about 40\%. Overall, according to the findings of this
                 study, substituting fishmeal with ZBM up to 100\% could
                 improve growth performance, feed utilization, gut
                 health status, and profit ability of rearing M.
                 cephalus juveniles.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Haguenauer:2021:DHC,
  author =       "Anne Haguenauer and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Zuberer and
                 Gilles Siu and Daphne Cortese and Ricardo Beldade and
                 Suzanne C. Mills",
  title =        "Deep Heat: a Comparison of Water Temperature, Anemone
                 Bleaching, Anemonefish Density and Reproduction between
                 Shallow and Mesophotic Reefs",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "37",
  day =          "09",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030037",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/37",
  abstract =     "French Polynesia is experiencing increasing coral
                 bleaching events in shallow waters triggered by thermal
                 anomalies and marine heatwaves linked to climate
                 change, a trend that is replicated worldwide. As sea
                 surface thermal anomalies are assumed to lessen with
                 depth, mesophotic deep reefs have been hypothesized to
                 act as refuges from anthropogenic and natural
                 disturbances, the \lq deep reef refugia hypothesis'
                 (DRRH). However, evidence supporting the DRRH is either
                 inconclusive or conflicting. We address this by
                 investigating four assumptions of the DRRH focusing on
                 the symbiotic association between anemones and
                 anemonefish. First, we compare long-term temperature
                 conditions between shallow (8 m) and mesophotic sites
                 (50 m) on the island of Moorea from 2011--2020. Second,
                 we compare the densities of the orange-fin anemonefish,
                 \bioname{Amphiprion chrysopterus} between shallow and
                 mesophotic (down to 60 m) reefs across three
                 archipelagos in French Polynesia. Finally, we compare
                 the percentage of anemone bleaching, as well as
                 anemonefish reproduction, between shallow and
                 mesophotic reefs. We found that the water column was
                 well mixed in the cooler austral winter months with
                 only a 0.19 \degree C difference in temperature between
                 depths, but in the warmer summer months mixing was
                 reduced resulting in a 0.71--1.03 \degree C temperature
                 difference. However, during thermal anomalies, despite
                 a time lag in warm surface waters reaching mesophotic
                 reefs, there was ultimately a 1.0 \degree C increase in
                 water temperature at both 8 and 50 m, pushing
                 temperatures over bleaching thresholds at both depths.
                 As such, anemone bleaching was observed in mesophotic
                 reefs during these thermal anomalies, but was buffered
                 compared to the percentage of bleaching in shallower
                 waters, which was nearly five times greater. Our
                 large-scale sampling across French Polynesia found
                 orange-fin anemonefish, A. chrysopterus, in mesophotic
                 zones in two high islands and one atoll across two
                 archipelagos, extending its bathymetric limit to 60 m;
                 however, orange-fin anemonefish densities were either
                 similar to, or 25--92 times lower than in shallower
                 zones. Three spawning events were observed at 50 m,
                 which occurred at a similar frequency to spawning on
                 shallower reefs at the same date. Our findings of
                 thermal anomalies and bleaching in mesophotic reefs,
                 coupled with mainly lower densities of anemonefish in
                 mesophotic populations, suggest that mesophotic reefs
                 show only a limited ability to provide refugia from
                 anthropogenic and natural disturbances.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Huang:2021:SDP,
  author =       "Yongyu Huang and Lili Zhang and Hui Ge and Guodong
                 Wang and Shiyu Huang and Zhangwu Yang",
  title =        "{SNP} Development in \bioname{Penaeus vannamei} via
                 Next-Generation Sequencing and {DNA} Pool Sequencing",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "36",
  day =          "07",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030036",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/36",
  abstract =     "Next-generation sequencing and pool sequencing have
                 been widely used in SNP (single-nucleotide
                 polymorphism) detection and population genetics
                 research; however, there are few reports on SNPs
                 related to the growth of \bioname{Penaeus vannamei}.
                 The purpose of this study was to call SNPs from
                 rapid-growing (RG) and slow-growing (SG) individuals'
                 transcriptomes and use DNA pool sequencing to assess
                 the reliability of SNPs. Two parameters were applied to
                 detect SNPs. One parameter was the p -values generated
                 using Fisher's exact test, which were used to calculate
                 the significance of allele frequency differences
                 between RG and SG. The other one was the AFI (minor
                 allele frequency imbalance), which was defined to
                 highlight the fold changes in MAF (minor allele
                 frequency) values between RG and SG. There were 216,015
                 hypothetical SNPs, which were obtained based on the
                 transcriptome data. Finally, 104 high-quality SNPs and
                 96,819 low-quality SNPs were predicted. Then, 18
                 high-quality SNPs and 17 low-quality SNPs were selected
                 to assess the reliability of the detection process.
                 Here, 72.22\% (13/18) accuracy was achieved for
                 high-quality SNPs, while only 52.94\% (9/17) accuracy
                 was achieved for low-quality SNPs. These SNPs enrich
                 the data for population genetics studies of P. vannamei
                 and may play a role in the development of SNP markers
                 for future breeding studies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Curiel-Bernal:2021:UOR,
  author =       "Marcelo V. Curiel-Bernal and E. Alberto
                 Arag{\'o}n-Noriega and Miguel {\'A}. Cisneros-Mata and
                 Laura S{\'a}nchez-Velasco and S. Patricia A.
                 Jim{\'e}nez-Rosenberg and Alejandro Par{\'e}s-Sierra",
  title =        "Using Observed Residual Error Structure Yields the
                 Best Estimates of Individual Growth Parameters",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "35",
  day =          "02",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030035",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/35",
  abstract =     "Obtaining the best possible estimates of individual
                 growth parameters is essential in studies of
                 physiology, fisheries management, and conservation of
                 natural resources since growth is a key component of
                 population dynamics. In the present work, we use data
                 of an endangered fish species to demonstrate the
                 importance of selecting the right data error structure
                 when fitting growth models in multimodel inference. The
                 totoaba (\bioname{Totoaba macdonaldi}) is a fish
                 species endemic to the Gulf of California increasingly
                 studied in recent times due to a perceived threat of
                 extinction. Previous works estimated individual growth
                 using the von Bertalanffy model assuming a constant
                 variance of length-at-age. Here, we reanalyze the same
                 data under five different variance assumptions to fit
                 the von Bertalanffy and Gompertz models. We found
                 consistent significant differences between the constant
                 and nonconstant error structure scenarios and provide
                 an example of the consequences using the growth
                 performance index \varphi \prime to show how using the
                 wrong error structure can produce growth parameter
                 values that can lead to biased conclusions. Based on
                 these results, for totoaba and other related species,
                 we recommend using the observed error structure to
                 obtain the individual growth parameters.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Choi:2021:EMT,
  author =       "Soo-Cheol Choi and In-Ah Lee",
  title =        "Effect of {MMP\slash TIMP} Balancing of
                 \bioname{Cynoglossus semilaevis} Shell Extracts on Skin
                 Protection",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "34",
  day =          "24",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030034",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/34",
  abstract =     "Cynoglossus semilaevis shell is a by-product of the
                 Cynoglossus semilaevis, a species of fish mainly
                 distributed along the west coast of Korea. As its skin
                 is very tough and difficult to process, it is not
                 useful as food. For this reason, most of it is
                 discarded except for a small amount that is used as
                 feed, which results in environmental pollution.
                 Considering this, there is a need for research on the
                 development of functional materials using Cynoglossus
                 semilaevis shell. This study focused on the mechanism
                 of in vitro expression function of \bioname{Cynoglossus
                 semilaevis} shell extract (CSE) for skin tissue in
                 human dermal fibroblasts that induced or did not induce
                 wrinkles by UV-B irradiation and aims to use it as a
                 functional material for human skin beauty or wrinkle
                 improvement through extraction and purification.
                 According to the ELISA results using human dermal
                 fibroblast cells, CSE reduced MMP-1 and elastase
                 activity by up to 21.89\% and 12.04\%, respectively, in
                 a concentration-dependent manner, and increased PIP
                 synthesis by up to 62.24\% in a concentration-dependent
                 manner. The RT-PCR test results using mRNA showed the
                 MMP-1, 2, and 3 expression levels were suppressed in
                 the CSE-treated group compared to the UVB-induced group
                 and caused a concentration-dependent increase in TIMP-1
                 in the CSE-treat group. These results suggest that CSE
                 can maintain and improve skin tissue conditions through
                 MMP/TIMP balancing in human dermal fibroblast cell
                 lines and indicate its potential as a functional
                 material for improving skin diseases and suppressing
                 photo-aging.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Faruque:2021:CSA,
  author =       "Hasan Faruque and Hiroyuki Matsuda",
  title =        "Conservative Scoring Approach in Productivity
                 Susceptibility Analysis Leads to an Overestimation of
                 Vulnerability: a Study from the Hilsa Gillnet Bycatch
                 Stocks of {Bangladesh}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "33",
  day =          "24",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030033",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/33",
  abstract =     "Despite different approaches used to assign the risk
                 scores for missing information in productivity
                 susceptibility analysis (PSA) --- a widely used
                 semi-quantitative risk assessment tool for target and
                 non-target fisheries stocks --- for the selected
                 attributes of a given species, no formal comparison has
                 been made between scoring approaches in terms of how
                 well they can predict species vulnerability. The
                 present study evaluated the PSA findings of 21 bycatch
                 stocks of the Hilsa (\bioname{Tenualosa ilisha})
                 gillnet fishery of Bangladesh using two different
                 scoring approaches (the conservative scoring approach,
                 CSA; and the alternative scoring approach, ASA) to
                 determine the most reliable approach to minimize false
                 estimates of species vulnerability. Our analysis
                 revealed that the V scores increased by 0.0\minus 0.20
                 with a mean value of 0.09 for 21 selected bycatches
                 when CSA was applied. The inconsistency between the
                 vulnerability (V)-score-suggested fishing status (V \le
                 1.8 = underfishing, V $>$ 1.8 = overfishing) and the
                 fishing status defined by exploitation rate (E $>$ 0.5
                 = overfishing, E {$<$} 0.5 = underfishing) were 38.1\%
                 and 19.0\% under CSA and ASA, respectively. Likewise,
                 the consistency between the V -score-suggested fishing
                 status and fishers' perceived catch trends was found to
                 be higher when using ASA than when using CSA. Our
                 analysis suggests that CSA could overestimate species
                 vulnerability. Therefore, ASA is more reliable than CSA
                 in PSA, which may increase the confidence of fisheries
                 stakeholders in PSA.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{daSilva:2021:VAA,
  author =       "Elisia Gomes da Silva and Guerino Bandeira Junior and
                 Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti and Roberto Christ Vianna
                 Santos and Andr{\'e} G{\"u}ndel and Bernardo
                 Baldisserotto",
  title =        "In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of
                 {S}-(-)-Limonene and {R}-(+)-Limonene against Fish
                 Bacteria",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "32",
  day =          "19",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030032",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/32",
  abstract =     "Brazilian fish farming goes together with the
                 emergence of numerous bacterial diseases, with
                 \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila} being the main bacterial
                 pathogen. As a consequence, antimicrobials are
                 excessively used. Considering that antimicrobials are
                 relatively stable and nonbiodegradable, medicinal
                 plants and their phytochemicals have been used as
                 alternative treatments of bacteriosis in fish farming.
                 Limonene is a monoterpene available in two enantiomers:
                 R-(+)-limonene and S-(-)-limonene. This study analyzed
                 the antibacterial activity of the phytochemicals
                 S-(-)-limonene and R-(+)-limonene against some bacteria
                 isolated from silver catfish (\bioname{Rhamdia
                 quelen}). Furthermore, by means of spectrophotometry
                 and atomic force microscopy, we also investigated the
                 combination therapy of phytochemicals with
                 antimicrobials and their activity in terms of
                 inhibiting biofilm formation. Six clinical isolates and
                 a standard strain were selected for antimicrobial
                 activity testing. Biofilm formation was tested in
                 96-well plates and nylon cubes. The most sensitive of
                 the strains tested was the A. hydrophila strain (MF
                 372510). S-(-)-limonene and R-(+)-limonene had high
                 minimum inhibitory concentrations; however, they
                 strongly inhibited A. hydrophila biofilm formation.
                 R-(+)-limonene and S-(-)-limonene had an additive
                 effect when combined with florfenicol and an
                 antagonistic effect with oxytetracycline. In general,
                 the phytochemicals tested showed strong antibiofilm
                 activity against A. hydrophila, and when in combination
                 therapy with florfenicol, they showed an additive
                 effect against the treatment of \bioname{A.
                 hydrophila}.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Aride:2021:DGE,
  author =       "Paulo Henrique R. Aride and Maria Fernanda S. Gomes
                 and Darlan G. Azevedo and Gilson R. Sangali and Ana
                 Cl{\'a}udia F. Silva and Henrique D. Lavander and
                 Andr{\'e} B. Souza and Marcelo F. Polese and Douglas C.
                 Mattos and Lucas A. Bassul and Leonardo D. Cardoso and
                 Adriano T. Oliveira and Caterina Faggio",
  title =        "Dusky Grouper \bioname{Epinephelus marginatus} Growth
                 and Survival When Exposed to Different Photoperiods",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "31",
  day =          "12",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030031",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/31",
  abstract =     "Photoperiod is considered an environmental factor that
                 influences reproduction and the growth processes of
                 fish throughout the year. In the present study, we
                 subjected dusky grouper \bioname{Epinephelus
                 marginatus} to different photoperiods in order to
                 evaluate growth and survival. Juvenile dusky grouper
                 were randomly distributed in twelve 100 L tanks
                 containing four fish per aquarium. The fish were
                 exposed to continuous light, normal photoperiod or
                 continuous darkness for 50 days. Fish were fed 3\% of
                 their total biomass, twice a day, and the diet
                 consisted of ground commercial dry pellets (42\% crude
                 protein, 12\% humidity, 9\% ether extract, 15\% mineral
                 matter, 4\% crude fiber, 3.5\% calcium and 3\% vitamin
                 C, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions).
                 There was no mortality during the experiment. After 50
                 days, the best performance was found for exposure to
                 continuous light (24 h artificial light). The final
                 weight of the fish reared under continuous light was
                 significantly higher than that of the fish exposed to
                 continuous darkness. The specific growth rate of the
                 fish exposed to continuous light was significantly
                 higher than that of the fish exposed to the natural
                 photoperiod and to continuous darkness. Modifications
                 to the photoperiod can be a key factor in increasing
                 the efficacy of current production and the improvement
                 of current aquaculture protocols.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nguyen:2021:BPF,
  author =       "Van Bon Nguyen and San-Lang Wang and Anh Dzung Nguyen
                 and Tu Quy Phan and Kuaanan Techato and Siriporn
                 Pradit",
  title =        "Bioproduction of Prodigiosin from Fishery Processing
                 Waste Shrimp Heads and Evaluation of Its Potential
                 Bioactivities",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "30",
  day =          "11",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030030",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/30",
  abstract =     "The aim of this work was to reuse a fish processing
                 waste, shrimp head powder (SHP), for the production of
                 prodigiosin (PG) via microbial technology and to assess
                 its potential bioactivities. PG was produced in a 12
                 L-bioreactor system, and the highest PG productivity of
                 6310 mg L \minus 1 was achieved when \bioname{Serratia
                 marcescens} CC17 was used for fermentation in a novel
                 designed medium (6.75 L) containing 1.5\% C/N source
                 (SHP/casein = 9/1), 0.02\% K 2 SO 4, ans 0.025\% Ca 3
                 (PO 4) 2, with initial pH 7.0, and fermentation was
                 performed at 28 \degree C for 8 h. The purified PG
                 showed moderate antioxidants, efficient anti-NO
                 (anti-nitric oxide), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
                 inhibitory activities. In a docking study, PG showed
                 better binding energy scores (\minus 12.3 kcal/mol) and
                 more interactions (6 linkages) with several prominent
                 amino acids in the biding sites on AChE that were
                 superior to those of Berberine chloride (\minus 10.8
                 kcal/mol and one linkage). Notably, this is the first
                 investigation using shrimp heads for the mass
                 bioproduction of PG with high productivity, and Ca 3
                 (PO 4) 2 salt was also newly found to significantly
                 enhance PG production by S. marcescens. This study also
                 provided available data on the anti-NO and anti-AChE
                 effects of PG, especially from the docking simulation
                 PG towards AChE that was described for the first time
                 in this study. The above results suggest that SHP is a
                 good material for the cost-effective bioproduction of
                 PG, which is a potential candidate for anti-NO and
                 anti-Alzheimer drugs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Esteban:2021:FRF,
  author =       "Maria Angeles Esteban and Bernardo Baldisserotto and
                 Eric Hallerman",
  title =        "{{\booktitle{Fishes}}} Receives Its First Impact
                 Factor",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "29",
  day =          "11",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030029",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/29",
  abstract =     "The aim of this work was to reuse a fish processing
                 waste, shrimp head powder (SHP), for the production of
                 prodigiosin (PG) via microbial technology and to assess
                 its potential bioactivities. PG was produced in a 12
                 L-bioreactor system, and the highest PG productivity of
                 6310 mg L \minus 1 was achieved when \bioname{Serratia
                 marcescens} CC17 was used for fermentation in a novel
                 designed medium (6.75 L) containing 1.5\% C/N source
                 (SHP/casein = 9/1), 0.02\% K 2 SO 4, ans 0.025\% Ca 3
                 (PO 4) 2, with initial pH 7.0, and fermentation was
                 performed at 28 \degree C for 8 h. The purified PG
                 showed moderate antioxidants, efficient anti-NO
                 (anti-nitric oxide), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
                 inhibitory activities. In a docking study, PG showed
                 better binding energy scores (\minus 12.3 kcal/mol) and
                 more interactions (6 linkages) with several prominent
                 amino acids in the biding sites on AChE that were
                 superior to those of Berberine chloride (\minus 10.8
                 kcal/mol and one linkage). Notably, this is the first
                 investigation using shrimp heads for the mass
                 bioproduction of PG with high productivity, and Ca 3
                 (PO 4) 2 salt was also newly found to significantly
                 enhance PG production by S. marcescens. This study also
                 provided available data on the anti-NO and anti-AChE
                 effects of PG, especially from the docking simulation
                 PG towards AChE that was described for the first time
                 in this study. The above results suggest that SHP is a
                 good material for the cost-effective bioproduction of
                 PG, which is a potential candidate for anti-NO and
                 anti-Alzheimer drugs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fronte:2021:FRH,
  author =       "Baldassare Fronte and Rosario Licitra and Carlo
                 Bibbiani and Lucia Casini and Mahanama De Zoysa and
                 Vincenzo Miragliotta and Simona Sagona and Francesca
                 Coppola and Letizia Brogi and Francesca Abramo",
  title =        "Fishmeal Replacement with \bioname{Hermetia illucens}
                 Meal in Aquafeeds: Effects on Zebrafish Growth
                 Performances, Intestinal Morphometry, and Enzymology",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "28",
  day =          "05",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030028",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/28",
  abstract =     "Fishmeal (FM) is still the most important protein
                 source in aquafeeds. However, due to the reduction of
                 wild fish stocks used for FM production, its
                 manufacturing it is now unsustainable. Insect meal
                 represents a valid alternative to FM, due to the low
                 carbon footprint of its production and its high
                 nutritional value. The aim of this study was to
                 investigate the potentials of replacing FM with black
                 soldier fly (\bioname{Hermetia illucens}) meal (HIM) in
                 aquafeeds, using zebrafish as the animal model. Four
                 diets were formulated with increasing HIM/FM
                 replacement rate (the control diet contained 20\% FM).
                 Mortality rates, growth performances, and feed
                 consumptions were measured, and fish intestine samples
                 were collected for histological and enzymatic analysis.
                 After 49 days, all groups almost tripled their initial
                 body weight (cumulative body weight gain ranged between
                 143.9 and 155.2 mg), and no statistically significant
                 differences among treatments were observed in relation
                 to growth performances and histological traits.
                 Contrarily, trypsin, alkaline phosphatases, and alpha
                 amylase--glucoamylase activities were significantly
                 reduced when the FM replacement rate was increased. In
                 conclusion, HIM may represent an alternative to FM,
                 since no adverse effects were observed when it was
                 included up to 20\% in the zebrafish diet, even when
                 replacing 100\% of the FM.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kidd:2021:ESD,
  author =       "Jess A. Kidd and Monica Boudreau and Robert C. Bailey
                 and Michael R. van den Heuvel and Mark R. Servos and
                 Simon C. Courtenay",
  title =        "Evaluating the Sampling Design of a Long-Term
                 Community-Based Estuary Monitoring Program",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "27",
  day =          "02",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030027",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/27",
  abstract =     "Community-based monitoring programs (CBMPs) are a
                 cost-effective option to collect the long-term data
                 required to effectively monitor estuaries. Data quality
                 concerns have caused some CBMP datasets, which could
                 fill knowledge gaps for aquatic ecosystems, to go
                 unused. The Community Aquatic Monitoring Program (CAMP)
                 is a CBMP that has collected littoral nekton assemblage
                 data from estuaries in the southern Gulf of St.
                 Lawrence since 2003. Concerns with the CAMP sampling
                 design (station placement and numbers) have prevented
                 decision-makers from using the data to inform estuary
                 health assessments. This study tested if CAMP's
                 sampling design that accommodates volunteer
                 participation provides similar information as a
                 scientific sampling approach. Six CAMP stations and six
                 stations selected using a stratified random design were
                 sampled at ten estuaries. A permutational-MANOVA
                 revealed nekton assemblages were generally not
                 significantly different between the two sampling
                 designs. The current six CAMP stations are sufficient
                 to detect the larger differences in species abundances
                 that may indicate differences in estuary condition. The
                 predicted increase in precision (2\%) with twelve
                 stations is not substantive enough to warrant an
                 increased sampling effort. CAMP's scientific utility is
                 not limited by station selection bias or numbers.
                 Furthermore, well-designed CBMPs can produce comparable
                 data to scientific studies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Rusco:2021:CMB,
  author =       "Giusy Rusco and Michele {Di Iorio} and Roberta
                 Iampietro and Alessandra Roncarati and Stefano Esposito
                 and Nicolaia Iaffaldano",
  title =        "Cryobank of {Mediterranean} Brown Trout Semen:
                 Evaluation of the Use of Frozen Semen up to Six Hours
                 Post-Collection",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "26",
  day =          "02",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030026",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/26",
  abstract =     "The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of
                 different cold-storage time intervals between
                 collection and semen-freezing on both fresh and
                 cryopreserved semen motility parameters and the
                 post-thaw fertilizing ability of Mediterranean brown
                 trout semen. The ejaculates were split into six
                 aliquots and stored on ice from 1 to 6 h, until
                 freezing. Fresh and post-thaw sperm motility was
                 evaluated by a Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis system,
                 whilst the fertilizing ability was assessed by in vivo
                 trials. In fresh semen, at 3 h of storage, a
                 significant decrease of total motility, linear movement
                 (STR, LIN) and beat cross frequency (BCF) was recorded,
                 whilst the amplitude of lateral displacement of the
                 spermatozoon head (ALH) underwent a significant
                 increase. In frozen semen, no significant difference
                 was observed for all the motility parameters evaluated,
                 except for the total motility between 1 and 6 h of
                 storage and the duration of sperm movement between 1
                 and 5 h. Cold-storage time did not significantly affect
                 the percentage of live embryos following the use of
                 frozen semen. In conclusion, our results showed that,
                 if necessary, the Mediterranean brown trout semen can
                 be frozen even until 6 h post-collection without losing
                 its fertilizing ability.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pires:2021:MTE,
  author =       "Luana da Costa Pires and Patricia Rodrigues and Quelen
                 Iane Garlet and Luisa Barichello Barbosa and Bibiana
                 Petri da Silveira and Guerino Bandeira Junior and
                 Lenise de Lima Silva and Amanda Gindri and Rodrigo
                 Coldebella and Cristiane Pedrazzi and Agueda Palmira
                 Castagna de Vargas and Bernardo Baldisserotto and Berta
                 Maria Heinzmann",
  title =        "\bioname{Maclura tinctoria} Extracts: In Vitro
                 Antibacterial Activity against \bioname{Aeromonas
                 hydrophila} and Sedative Effect in \bioname{Rhamdia
                 quelen}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "25",
  day =          "27",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030025",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/25",
  abstract =     "Maclura tinctoria is a tree species native from Brazil
                 and rich in phenolic compounds. Since plant
                 antibacterial activity is highly associated with
                 phenolic compound concentration, we aim to evaluate the
                 in vitro antimicrobial activity of different extracts
                 against fish pathogenic bacteria. In addition, some
                 phenolic compounds have central depressant effects and
                 can be useful in aquaculture due to possible sedative
                 and/or anesthetic effects. Four M. tinctoria extracts
                 were extracted separately with ethanol; leaves (LE),
                 bark (BE), heartwood (HE), and the sapwood (SE). In
                 vitro antimicrobial activity was tested against
                 Aeromonas strains at concentrations of 6400 to 3.125
                 \mu g/mL. The sedative effect was evaluated for 24 h
                 with 30 and 100 mg/L concentrations. Chemical
                 composition was analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MS. The HE extract
                 had the best MIC (400 $ \mu $ g/mL) and MBC (800 $ \mu
                 $ g/mL) compared to the LE, BE, and SE extracts. LE
                 extract induced deep sedation and the BE, SE, and HE
                 extracts induced light sedation. Additionally, BE, SE,
                 and HE induced a normal behavior without side effects.
                 Polyphenolic compounds with antimicrobial activity and
                 sedative effects were identified mainly in HE. Thus, HE
                 extract is safe and can be used as a sedative for
                 silver catfish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Giovos:2021:ILB,
  author =       "Ioannis Giovos and Fabrizio Serena and Dimitra Katsada
                 and Athanasios Anastasiadis and Adi Barash and Charis
                 Charilaou and Jason M. Hall-Spencer and Fabio Crocetta
                 and Alexander Kaminas and Demetris Kletou and Mary
                 Maximiadi and Vasileios Minasidis and Dimitrios K.
                 Moutopoulos and Roxani Naasan Aga-Spyridopoulou and
                 Ioannis Thasitis and Periklis Kleitou",
  title =        "Integrating Literature, Biodiversity Databases, and
                 Citizen-Science to Reconstruct the Checklist of
                 Chondrichthyans in {Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean
                 Sea)}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "24",
  day =          "26",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030024",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/24",
  abstract =     "Chondrichthyans are apex predators influencing the
                 trophic web through a top-down process thus their
                 depletion will affect the remaining biota.
                 Notwithstanding that, research on chondrichthyans is
                 sparse or data-limited in several biogeographic areas
                 worldwide, including the Levantine Sea. We revise and
                 update the knowledge of chondrichthyans in Cyprus based
                 on a bibliographic review that gains information
                 retrieved from peer-reviewed and grey literature,
                 Global Biodiversity Information Facility (135 records
                 of at least 18 species) and the Ocean Biodiversity
                 Information System (65 records of at least14 species),
                 and the citizen science project Mediterranean
                 Elasmobranchs Citizen Observations (117 records per 23
                 species). Our updated checklist reports 60 species that
                 account for about 70\% of the Mediterranean
                 chondrichthyan biota. The list includes 15 more species
                 than the previous checklist and our study reports three
                 new species for Cyprus waters, namely the blackmouth
                 catshark \bioname{Dalatias licha}, the round fantail
                 stingray Taeniurops grabatus, and the sawback
                 angelshark Squatina aculeata. Our research highlights
                 the need for conservation measures and more studies
                 regarding the highly threatened blackchin guitarfish
                 Glaucostegus cemiculus and the devil ray
                 \bioname{Mobula mobular}, and stresses the importance
                 for training a new generation of observers to
                 strengthen the knowledge and conservation of
                 elasmobranchs in the region.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sorensen:2021:GCC,
  author =       "Solveig Lysfjord S{\o}rensen and Ateshm Ghirmay and
                 Yangyang Gong and Dalia Dahle and Ghana Vasanth and
                 Mette S{\o}rensen and Viswanath Kiron",
  title =        "Growth, Chemical Composition, Histology and
                 Antioxidant Genes of {Atlantic Salmon} (\bioname{Salmo
                 salar}) Fed Whole or Pre-Processed
                 \bioname{Nannochloropsis oceanica} and
                 \bioname{Tetraselmis} sp.",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "23",
  day =          "23",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030023",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/23",
  abstract =     "New sustainable feed ingredients are a necessity for
                 the salmon aquaculture industry. In this study, we
                 examined the effect of pre-extrusion processing of two
                 microalgae, Nannochloropsis oceanica and Tetraselmis
                 sp., on the growth, fatty acid content in the flesh and
                 health of Atlantic salmon. The fish were fed one of the
                 following five diets for nine weeks: (1) CO: a fish
                 meal-based control (basal) diet, (2) NU: a
                 Nannochloropsis diet, (3) NE: a pre-extruded
                 Nannochloropsis diet, (4) TU: a Tetraselmis diet, and
                 (5) TE: a pre-extruded Tetraselmis diet. The
                 algae-incorporated diets contained 30\% of the
                 respective microalgae. Our results showed that the best
                 growth performance was achieved by the CO diet,
                 followed by the NE diets. Feeding of unprocessed
                 Nannochloropsis and Tetraselmis resulted in a
                 significant reduction in enterocyte vacuolization
                 compared to the CO feeding. A significant effect of
                 processing was noted in the fillet fatty acid content,
                 the intestine and liver structure and the expression of
                 selected genes in the liver. The expression of
                 antioxidant genes in both the liver and intestine, and
                 the accumulation of different fatty acids in the fillet
                 and liver of the extruded algae-fed groups, warrants
                 further investigation. In conclusion, based on the
                 short-term study, 30\% inclusion of the microalgae
                 \bioname{Nannochloropsis oceanica} and Tetraselmis sp.
                 can be considered in Atlantic salmon feeds.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{He:2021:NRD,
  author =       "Qingsong He and Shuyang Ma and Qinwang Xing and
                 Wenchao Zhang and Haiqing Yu and Zhenjiang Ye",
  title =        "Nonstationary Responses of Demersal Fishes to
                 Environmental Variations in Temperate Waters of the
                 {Northwestern North Pacific} under a Changing Climate",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "22",
  day =          "22",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030022",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/3/22",
  abstract =     "Although nonstationarity in marine ecosystems has
                 attracted great attention, the nonstationary responses
                 of demersal fishes to environmental variations induced
                 by the changing climate are still not well understood.
                 Here, we collected 21 time series of demersal fishes
                 from 1956 to 2015 to investigate the climate-induced
                 nonstationary responses in temperate waters of the
                 northwestern North Pacific (NWP). We showed that these
                 demersal fishes experienced state shifts in
                 approximately 1986/87, accompanied by abrupt warming
                 over this region. Moreover, the relationships between
                 demersal fishes and sea surface temperature (SST) were
                 found to change between the two identified eras (i.e.,
                 a weak relationship before 1986 and a strong negative
                 relationship after 1986), which may be primarily caused
                 by the alternating dominance of the East Asian winter
                 monsoon and mega-ENSO on SST in temperate waters of the
                 NWP. The identified climate-induced nonstationary
                 responses of demersal fishes to SST variability in this
                 study may provide implications for understanding
                 climate-induced biological dynamics, predicting
                 demersal fish fluctuations, coping with potential
                 ecological risks, and the sustainable exploitation of
                 fishery resources in the future climate. Note that the
                 impact of fishing on the demersal fishes in temperate
                 waters of the NWP was not assessed in this study due to
                 the lack of fishing effort data and therefore the
                 conclusions of our research should be approached with
                 caution.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Abu-Alya:2021:EPS,
  author =       "Ibrahim S. Abu-Alya and Yousef M. Alharbi and Said I.
                 Fathalla and Ibrahim S. Zahran and Saad M. Shousha and
                 Hassan A. Abdel-Rahman",
  title =        "Effect of Partial Soybean Replacement by Shrimp
                 By-Products on the Productive and Economic Performances
                 in {African} Catfish (\bioname{Clarias lazera}) Diets",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "84",
  day =          "20",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040084",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/84",
  abstract =     "The present study was carried out to evaluate the
                 effects of partial replacement of soybean with shrimp
                 by-products (SBp) in African catfish (\bioname{Clarias
                 lazera}) diets on productive (growth, digestibility,
                 body composition, dressing yield, blood parameters,
                 immunity) and economic performances. Therefore, 750
                 fingerlings ($ \approx $20.0 g) were distributed into
                 five groups of 150 fingerlings/group with three
                 replicates (n = 50) per group. Group 1 was fed a basal
                 diet, while G2 and G3 were fed diets containing 25\%
                 SBp (autoclaved and acid-treated, respectively) as
                 soybean replacer for 12 weeks, while, in G4 and G5, SBp
                 level was 50\%. All growth and nutrient utilization
                 parameters (body weight, Wg, ADG, PER, FCR, and
                 digestibility), plasma proteins, and immunity
                 significantly increased in G4 and G5. Anemia screening
                 markers recorded insignificant differences between the
                 tested groups and control one, whereas lipid markers of
                 plasma and fish body decreased by autoclaved SBp and
                 increased by acid-treated SBp. The African catfish body
                 dry matter and crude protein percentages were enriched
                 by the addition of SBp. Replacing the soybean meal
                 decreases diet costs and diet costs/1 kg of weight
                 gain. In conclusion, replacing soybean with SBp
                 (especially 50\% acid-treated) positively influenced
                 productive and economic performances with friendly
                 effects to avoid the environmental pollution by these
                 wastes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fu:2021:IEC,
  author =       "Lulu Fu and Qiudie Chi and Yongbo Bao and Hanhan Yao
                 and Zhihua Lin and Yinghui Dong",
  title =        "Identification and Expression Characterization of the
                 \gene{Smad3} Gene and {SNPs} Associated with Growth
                 Traits in the Hard Clam (\bioname{Meretrix meretrix})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "83",
  day =          "16",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040083",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/83",
  abstract =     "It has been demonstrated that the sekelsky mothers
                 against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (Smad3) plays an
                 important role in the growth and development of
                 vertebrates. However, little is known about the
                 association between the Smad3 gene and the growth
                 traits of mollusks. In this study, Smad3 from the hard
                 clam \bioname{Meretrix meretrix} (Mm-Smad3) was cloned,
                 characterized, and screened for growth-related single
                 nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in its exons. The
                 full-length cDNA of Mm-Smad3 was 1938 bp, encoding a
                 protein with 428 amino acid residues. The protein
                 sequence included an MH1 (27--135 aa) and MH2 domain
                 (233--404 aa). Promoter analysis showed that the
                 promoter sequence of Mm-Smad3 was 2548 bp, and the
                 binding sites of Pit-1a, Antp, Hb, and other
                 transcription factors are related to the growth and
                 development of hard clams. The phylogenetic tree was
                 divided into two major clusters, including mollusks and
                 vertebrate. The expression level of Mm-Smad3 was
                 predominantly detected in the mantle and foot, while
                 extremely less expression was observed in the digestive
                 gland. The low expression level of Mm-Smad3 was
                 detected at the stages of unfertilized mature eggs,
                 fertilized eggs, four-cell embryos, blastula,
                 gastrulae, trochophore, and D-shaped larvae, whereas an
                 opposite trend was observed regarding the highest
                 expression at the umbo larvae stage (p {$<$} 0.05). In
                 the mantle repair experiment, the time-course
                 expression profiles showed that compared to the
                 expression level at 0 h, Mm-Smad3 significantly
                 decreased at 6 h (p {$<$} 0.05) but increased at 12 and
                 48 h. Further, the association analysis identified 11
                 SNPs in the exons of Mm-Smad3, of which three loci
                 (c.597 C $>$ T, c.660 C $>$ T, c.792 A $>$ T) were
                 significantly related to the growth traits of clam (p
                 {$<$} 0.05). Overall, our findings indicated that
                 Mm-Smad3 is a growth-related gene and the detected SNP
                 sites provide growth-related markers for molecular
                 marker-assisted breeding of this species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jeong:2021:CGS,
  author =       "Min-A Jeong and Ye-Jin Jeong and Kwang-Il Kim",
  title =        "Complete Genome Sequences and Pathogenicity Analysis
                 of Two Red Sea Bream Iridoviruses Isolated from
                 Cultured Fish in {Korea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "82",
  day =          "15",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040082",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/82",
  abstract =     "In Korea, red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), especially
                 subtype II, has been the main causative agent of red
                 sea bream iridoviral disease since the 1990s. Herein,
                 we report two Korean RSIV isolates with different
                 subtypes based on the major capsid protein and
                 adenosine triphosphatase genes: 17SbTy (RSIV mixed
                 subtype I/II) from Japanese seabass
                 (\bioname{Lateolabrax japonicus}) and 17RbGs (RSIV
                 subtype II) from rock bream (\bioname{Oplegnathus
                 fasciatus}). The complete genome sequences of 17SbTy
                 and 17RbGs were 112,360 and 112,235 bp long,
                 respectively (115 and 114 open reading frames [ORFs],
                 respectively). Based on nucleotide sequence homology
                 with sequences of representative RSIVs, 69 of 115 ORFs
                 of 17SbTy were most closely related to subtype II
                 (98.48--100\% identity), and 46 were closely related to
                 subtype I (98.77--100\% identity). In comparison with
                 RSIVs, 17SbTy and 17RbGs carried two insertion/deletion
                 mutations (ORFs 014R and 102R on the basis of 17SbTy)
                 in regions encoding functional proteins (a DNA-binding
                 protein and a myristoylated membrane protein). Notably,
                 survival rates differed significantly between
                 17SbTy-infected and 17RbGs-infected rock breams,
                 indicating that the genomic characteristics and/or
                 adaptations to their respective original hosts might
                 influence pathogenicity. Thus, this study provides
                 complete genome sequences and insights into the
                 pathogenicity of two newly identified RSIV isolates
                 classified as a mixed subtype I/II and subtype II.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sanz-Ronda:2021:FUP,
  author =       "Francisco Javier Sanz-Ronda and Francisco Javier
                 Bravo-C{\'o}rdoba and Ana Garc{\'\i}a-Vega and Jorge
                 Valbuena-Castro and Andr{\'e}s Mart{\'\i}nez-de-Azagra
                 and Juan Francisco Fuentes-P{\'e}rez",
  title =        "Fish Upstream Passage through Gauging Stations:
                 Experiences with {Iberian} Barbel in Flat-{V} Weirs",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "81",
  day =          "14",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040081",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/81",
  abstract =     "The monitoring of river discharge is vital for the
                 correct management of water resources. Flat-V gauging
                 weirs are facilities used worldwide for measuring
                 discharge. These structures consist of a small weir
                 with a triangular cross-section and a flat ``V''-shaped
                 notch. Their extensive use is a consequence of their
                 utility in the measurement of both low and high flow
                 conditions. However, depending on their size, local
                 morphology and river discharge can act as full or
                 partial hydraulic barriers to fish migration. To
                 address this concern, the present work studies fish
                 passage performance over flat-V weirs considering their
                 hydraulic performance. For this, radio-tracking and
                 video-monitoring observations were combined with
                 computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models in two flat-V
                 weirs, using Iberian barbel (Luciobarbus bocagei) as
                 the target species. Results showed that fish passage is
                 conditioned by both hydraulic and behavioral processes,
                 providing evidence for scenarios in which flat-V weirs
                 may act as full or partial barriers to upstream
                 movements. For the studied flat-V weirs, a discharge
                 range of 0.27--8 m 3 /s, with a water drop difference
                 between upstream and downstream water levels lower than
                 0.7 m and a depth downstream of the weir of higher than
                 0.3 m can be considered an effective passage situation
                 for barbels. These findings are of interest for
                 quantifying flat-V weir impacts, for engineering
                 applications and for establishing managing or
                 retrofitting actions when required.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hu:2021:RBE,
  author =       "Jinfei Hu and Ping Wang and Hailong Zhang",
  title =        "The Relationship between Environmental Factors and
                 Catch Abundance of Hairtail in the {East China Sea}
                 Using Empirical Dynamic Modeling",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "80",
  day =          "13",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040080",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/80",
  abstract =     "The East China Sea population of hairtail
                 (\bioname{Trichiurus lepturus}, also known as T.
                 japonicus) is a commercially important element of
                 Chinese fisheries. Hairtail has long been widely
                 exploited. Due to overfishing, however, its production
                 declined over the years. One of solutions to this
                 dilemma is to institute reasonable fishery policies.
                 Generally, skillful short-term and long-term prediction
                 of fish catch is a central tool for guiding the
                 development of fishery policy. Accurate predictions
                 require a comprehensive understanding of the
                 relationship between fluctuations in fish catch and
                 variability in both fishing effort and marine
                 environmental conditions. To investigate the combined
                 impact of fishing effort and marine environments on
                 hairtail catch and to develop models to predict
                 hairtail catch, we applied empirical dynamic modeling
                 (EDM) to data on East China Sea fisheries, including
                 hairtail catch, fishing effort, and marine
                 environmental factors. EDM is an equation-free approach
                 that enables the investigation of various complex
                 systems. We constructed all possible multivariate EDM
                 models to investigate the potential mechanisms
                 affecting hairtail catch. Our analysis demonstrates
                 that all key environmental factors (salinity, summer
                 monsoon, sea surface temperature, precipitation, and
                 power dissipation index of tropical cyclones) have an
                 impact on nutrient supply, which we suggest is the
                 central factor influencing hairtail catch. Finally, our
                 comparison of EDM models with parametric models
                 demonstrates that EDM models overwhelmingly outperform
                 parametric models in analysis of these complex
                 interactions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shan:2021:CTA,
  author =       "Binbin Shan and Yan Liu and Changping Yang and Yuan Li
                 and Liangming Wang and Dianrong Sun",
  title =        "Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Female and Male
                 Fine-Patterned Puffer: Identification of Candidate
                 Genes Associated with Growth and Sex Differentiation",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "79",
  day =          "12",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040079",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/79",
  abstract =     "Sexual growth dimorphism is a common phenomenon in
                 teleost fish. However, the mechanism of this complex
                 phenomenon remains unclear. The fine-patterned puffer
                 (Takifugu poecilonotus; Temminck and Schlegel, 1850)
                 exhibits female-biased sexual size dimorphism similar
                 to other pufferfish. In this study, the transcriptomes
                 of female and male T. poecilonotus were sequenced,
                 285.95 million raw read pairs were generated from
                 sequence libraries. After identification and assembly,
                 a total of 149,814 nonredundant unigenes were obtained
                 with an N50 length of 3538 bp. Of these candidates,
                 122,719 unigenes (81.91\% of the total) were
                 successfully annotated with multiple public databases.
                 The comparison analysis revealed 10,385 unigenes (2034
                 in females and 8351 in males) were differentially
                 expressed between different sexes of T. poecilonotus.
                 Then, we identified many candidate growth- and
                 sex-related genes, including Dmrt1, Sox3, Spatas, Prl /
                 Prlr, fabps, Ghr, and Igf1r. In addition to these
                 well-known genes, Fabp 4 was identified for the first
                 time in fish. Furthermore, 68,281 simple sequence
                 repeats (SSRs) loci were screened and identified in the
                 transcriptome sequence of T. poecilonotus. The results
                 of our study could provide valuable information on
                 growth- and sex-associated genes and facilitate further
                 exploration of the molecular mechanism of sexual growth
                 dimorphism.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nousias:2021:GVP,
  author =       "Orestis Nousias and Konstantinos Tzokas and Leonidas
                 Papaharisis and Katerina Ekonomaki and Dimitrios
                 Chatziplis and Costas Batargias and Costas S.
                 Tsigenopoulos",
  title =        "Genetic Variability, Population Structure, and
                 Relatedness Analysis of Meagre Stocks as an Informative
                 Basis for New Breeding Schemes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "78",
  day =          "10",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040078",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/78",
  abstract =     "This study evaluates the genetic diversity of
                 different meagre broodstocks sampled in Greece. A
                 multiplex of twelve microsatellite markers was used to
                 genotype 946 fish from eleven stocks and batches used
                 for broodstock selection, and the genetic data was used
                 to calculate genetic population parameters as well as
                 to investigate the genetic differentiation between
                 stocks. The results from a relatedness analysis were
                 used as the guiding lines for a fine-tuned and overall
                 evaluation of the genetic distance between stocks, and
                 the choice of candidate breeders from some of them. The
                 approach implemented in this study uses
                 well-established population genetics methods to
                 evaluate the selection of breeder candidates in
                 aquaculture commercial conditions utilizing a
                 descriptive genetic data set based on microsatellite
                 analyses, and to outline an efficient methodology for
                 establishing the basis of new breeding schemes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mao:2021:MCN,
  author =       "Zhuangwen Mao and Shengwei Luo and Dafang Zhao and
                 Xiang Zhou and Zilong Zhang and Yangbo Xiao and
                 Shenping Cao and Yonghua Zhou and Shaojun Liu and
                 Jianzhou Tang and Zhen Liu",
  title =        "Molecular Characterization and Nutrition Regulation of
                 the Neutral Amino Acid Transporter {ASCT2} in Triploid
                 Crucian Carp",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "77",
  day =          "09",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040077",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/77",
  abstract =     "AlaSerCys Transporter 2 (ASCT2), encoded by the SLC1A5
                 gene, plays an important role in the absorption of
                 glutamine. In this study, the full-length cDNA sequence
                 of ASCT2 was cloned from triploid crucian carp. It
                 encodes 539 amino acid residues and a stop codon.
                 Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the sequences of
                 the ASCT2 ORF region in cyprinid fishes shared high
                 sequence homology. Comparing the abundance of ASCT2 in
                 different tissues, we found its expression level in
                 muscle was significantly higher than that in intestine
                 (p {$<$} 0.05). In addition, the expression levels of
                 ASCT2 also appeared different in diurnal variation.
                 Then we found the addition of 2.5\% glutamate in a
                 feeding diet significantly increased the expression
                 levels of ASCT2 in intestine and muscle (p {$<$} 0.05).
                 However, in glutamine experiments, the muscle showed
                 the highest expression level of ASCT2 when fish were
                 fed the diet containing 3.0\% glutamine (p {$<$} 0.05).
                 In vitro, ASCT2 was sensitive to glutamine and its
                 expression level appeared down-regulated when the
                 addition of glutamine was added to 0.1 mg/mL. Finally,
                 we found that the diet with 29\% protein level
                 significantly increased the expression level of ASCT2
                 in intestine (p {$<$} 0.05). Nevertheless, different
                 protein sources (fish meal and soybean meal) had no
                 significant effect on the expression levels of ASCT2 in
                 intestine and muscle (p $>$ 0.05). These results
                 provided data for the study of ASCT2 in triploid
                 crucian carp regulated by feeding nutrition, which had
                 a potential application in improving feed formulation
                 in aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nathanailides:2021:PPS,
  author =       "Cosmas Nathanailides and Markos Kolygas and
                 Konstantina Choremi and Theodoros Mavraganis and
                 Evangelia Gouva and Kosmas Vidalis and Fotini
                 Athanassopoulou",
  title =        "Probiotics Have the Potential to Significantly
                 Mitigate the Environmental Impact of Freshwater Fish
                 Farms",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "76",
  day =          "08",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040076",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/76",
  abstract =     "Probiotics for freshwater fish farming can be
                 administered as single or multiple mixtures. The
                 expected benefits of probiotics include disease
                 prophylaxis, improved growth, and feed conversion
                 parameters, such as the feed conversion rate (FCR) and
                 specific growth rate (SGR). In the current work, we
                 review the impact of probiotics on freshwater finfish
                 aquaculture. Data were gathered from articles published
                 during the last decade that examined the effects of
                 probiotics on fish growth, FCR, and water quality in
                 freshwater fishponds/tanks. While the expected benefits
                 of probiotics are significant, the reviewed data
                 indicate a range in the level of effects, with an
                 average reduction in ammonia of 50.7\%, SGR increase of
                 17.1\%, and FCR decrease of 10.7\%. Despite the
                 variability in the reported benefits, probiotics appear
                 to offer a practical solution for sustainable
                 freshwater aquaculture. Disease prophylaxis with
                 probiotics can reduce the need for antibiotics and
                 maintain gut health and feed conversion. Considering
                 that fish feed and waste are two significant parameters
                 of the aquaculture ecological footprint, it can be
                 argued that probiotics can contribute to reducing the
                 environmental impact of aquaculture. In this direction,
                 it would be beneficial if more researchers incorporated
                 water quality parameters in future aquaculture research
                 and protocols to minimize aquaculture's environmental
                 impact.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ciepiela:2021:BIB,
  author =       "Lindsy R. Ciepiela and Ryan M. Fitzpatrick and Samuel
                 T. Lewis and Yoichiro Kanno",
  title =        "Behavioral Interactions between a Native and an
                 Invasive Fish Species in a Thermally Heterogeneous
                 Experimental Chamber",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "75",
  day =          "07",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040075",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/75",
  abstract =     "Mechanisms of the displacement of native fish by
                 nonnative fish can include agonistic behaviors that
                 push native fish species out of their preferred
                 habitat, including their thermal optima. To examine
                 these interactions, we built an experimental thermal
                 preference chamber to evaluate: (1) the thermal
                 preference of native, glacial relict northern redbelly
                 dace \bioname{Chrosomus eos}; (2) if the thermal
                 preference and movement changed in the presence of the
                 invasive western mosquitofish \bioname{Gambusia
                 affinis}; and (3) the direction of agonistic
                 interactions. We hypothesized that G. affinis would
                 express agonistic behavior toward C. eos, because G.
                 affinis is widely recognized as an aggressive invader.
                 Given the temperature range of the experimental
                 chamber, i.e., 20--30 {$^\circ $}C, C. eos selected an
                 average of 24.3 {$^\circ $}C as its thermal preference.
                 After G. affinis ' introduction, the thermal preference
                 of C. eos increased by 1.7 {$^\circ $}C and the
                 movement, given by distance (cm) travelled, increased
                 by 21\%. Contrary to our prediction, more agonistic
                 interactions were observed in C. eos toward G. affinis.
                 These results indicate that agonistic behavior of G.
                 affinis toward native fish species may be species- and
                 condition-specific, and may not always be the primary
                 mechanism of native species' displacement. Biological
                 invasions are a global issue and altered thermal
                 regimes are expected to continue. This study provided
                 the novel approach using of a thermally heterogeneous
                 thermal chamber to examine thermal preferences and
                 aggressive interactions between a native and an
                 invasive species. Future research should examine other
                 life history traits that may be conveying the
                 competitive advantage to G. affinis.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shal:2021:DFA,
  author =       "Ahmed Mohamed {El Shal} and Faisal Mohamed {El Sheikh}
                 and Atef Mohamed Elsbaay",
  title =        "Design and Fabrication of an Automatic Fish Feeder
                 Prototype Suits Tilapia Tanks",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "74",
  day =          "06",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040074",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/74",
  abstract =     "The conventional methods of supplying feed to tilapia
                 tanks are ineffective. It is better to find new a
                 automatic feeder saving pellets from crushing and
                 cohesion without hitting pellets during feeding at a
                 predetermined interval of time and an accurate amount
                 of food with a larger surface area covered by pellets.
                 Developing-country fish farmers use manual feeding to
                 be more cost-effective than with costly mechanized
                 feeding, so this research aimed to design and construct
                 an automatic fish feeder prototype to feed tilapia in a
                 recirculation aquaculture system's tank. The
                 performance of the prototype was studied after it was
                 designed and installed. The dispensed feed operated by
                 a DC motor located underneath the pellet hopper and the
                 feed material was discharged into the tank through a
                 gate in the bottom of the feeder. Three pellet sizes,
                 three rotation speeds, and three feeder heights from
                 the water's surface were used to test the automatic
                 feeder's efficiency. The results showed that the
                 optimal speed for the automatic feeder was 14 rpm with
                 a height of 70 cm, resulting in a distribution width of
                 26.6 cm and a high automatic feeder efficiency of
                 99.9\%. Furthermore, the feeder used very little
                 electricity and saved time, cost, labor, energy, and
                 pellets.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Thomson:2021:HGS,
  author =       "Damian P. Thomson and Anna K. Cresswell and
                 Christopher Doropoulos and Michael D. E. Haywood and
                 Melanie Orr and Andrew S. Hoey",
  title =        "Hidden Giants: the Story of \bioname{Bolbometopon
                 muricatum} at {Ningaloo Reef}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "73",
  day =          "06",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040073",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/73",
  abstract =     "\bioname{Bolbometopon muricatum} (bumphead parrotfish,
                 Valenciennes, 1839) is a conspicuous, iconic and
                 ecologically important coral reef fish species. B.
                 muricatum plays an important role in the bioerosion of
                 the reef framework and as a result has been described
                 as both an ecosystem engineer and keystone species.
                 Despite the complete absence of B. muricatum from 32
                 years of scientific surveys across the Ningaloo Reef
                 World Heritage Area, we recorded a total of 155
                 individuals of B. muricatum across 63.2 ha of reef
                 crest surveys, equating to mean density of 2.38 ind/ha.
                 Our observations represent the first record of this
                 iconic species in scientific surveys at Ningaloo and in
                 combination with qualitative observations of B.
                 muricatum by expert witnesses, indicate B. muricatum is
                 likely to have been present in ecologically relevant
                 densities since 2006. The densities of B. muricatum
                 observed at northern Ningaloo in 2021 suggest this
                 species is removing an estimated 13.42 tonnes/ha or
                 1.34 kg/m 2 of calcium carbonate per year, which is
                 broadly comparable with estimates of total parrotfish
                 bioerosion across many reefs in the central Indian and
                 Pacific Oceans. Although not currently afforded
                 elevated conservation status within management plans,
                 B. muricatum possess many life-history characteristics
                 that make them vulnerable to overfishing and may
                 justify consideration for increased protection within
                 the world heritage listed Ningaloo Reef Marine Park.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Castaneda-Chavez:2021:CMN,
  author =       "Mar{\'\i}a del Refugio Casta{\~n}eda-Ch{\'a}vez and
                 Fabiola Lango-Reynoso and Gabycarmen
                 Navarrete-Rodr{\'\i}guez and Armando Toyokazu
                 Wakida-Kusunoki",
  title =        "Concentration of Metals in Native and Invasive Species
                 of Fish in the Fluvial-Lagoon-Deltaic System of the
                 {Palizada River, Campeche}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "72",
  day =          "03",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040072",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/72",
  abstract =     "Aquatic organisms, such as fish, are important
                 indicators of the bioavailability of metals in coastal
                 environments, demonstrating the capacity of different
                 species to bioaccumulate these metallic elements. The
                 fluvial-lagoon system of the Palizada River is an
                 important ecosystem for its terrestrial and aquatic
                 biological diversity where fishing is an important
                 productive activity in this system. The objective of
                 this research was to evaluate the concentration of Pb
                 and Cd in the muscle tissue of native and invasive fish
                 species in this area. For this, the digestion of fish
                 muscle samples was carried out with a CEM MARS 5
                 Digestion Microwave System, while the quantification of
                 metals was performed with an atomic absorption
                 equipment. All analysis muscle samples from native and
                 invasive fish showed Pb and Cd in their content. By
                 sampling site there was a statistically significant
                 difference (p {$<$} 0.05), with a maximum Pb
                 concentration of 7.760 $ \mu $ g g {-1} at the LLAR
                 site (Laguna Larga). In terms of species, the maximum
                 Cd concentration was obtained in the \bioname{Cyprinus
                 carpio} with 6.630 {\pm} 0.127 and in Pterygoplichthus
                 pardalis with 6.547 {\pm} 0.873 $ \mu $ g g {-1} (dry
                 weight). The presence of metals such as Pb and Cd in
                 muscle tissue of native and invasive fish species
                 represents an important bioindicator of environmental
                 exposure in the study area and a potential risk to
                 public health, as these species are commonly
                 consumed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Espinola-Novelo:2021:STV,
  author =       "Juan F. Esp{\'\i}nola-Novelo and Marcelo E. Oliva",
  title =        "Spatial and Temporal Variability of Parasite
                 Communities: Implications for Fish Stock
                 Identification",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "71",
  day =          "03",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040071",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/71",
  abstract =     "The spatial and temporal variability of parasite
                 communities have received little attention when used as
                 biological tags for identifying fish stocks. This study
                 evaluated the potential spatial and temporal
                 variability of the parasite communities affecting three
                 marine fish species collected between 1993 and 2017. To
                 avoid the potential effect of host age in parasite
                 communities, individuals of similar ages were selected:
                 1123 \bioname{Engraulis ringens} (12--24 months old),
                 1904 \bioname{Trachurus murphyi} (24--36 months old),
                 and 630 \bioname{Merluccius gayi} (36--48 months old).
                 Most taxa show differences in the prevalence at the
                 spatial and temporal scales, but the prevalence of some
                 larval endoparasites remains constant at the temporal
                 scale. At the spatial scale, an analysis of similarity
                 (ANOSIM) showed differences in the parasite communities
                 of three species; a canonical analysis of principal
                 coordinates (CAP) showed low values of correct
                 allocations (CA; {\SGMLasymp}50\%) and values of
                 allocation due to chance (AdC) were lower than the CA.
                 At the temporal scale, an ANOSIM showed differences
                 between the three species. A CAP showed low values of
                 CA ({\SGMLasymp}50--60\%) and the AdC was always lower
                 than CA. Samples at the spatial scale were well
                 allocated to their localities or nearby localities,
                 suggesting a spatial stability. Samples from different
                 years were not well discriminated, suggesting temporal
                 variability. Therefore, in studies regarding parasites
                 as a tool for stock identification, temporal
                 variability must be taken into account.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mukherjee:2021:EPG,
  author =       "Subham Mukherjee and Old{\v{r}}ich Barto{\v{s}} and
                 Kamila Zde{\v{n}}kov{\'a} and Petr Han{\'a}k and Petra
                 Hork{\'a} and Zuzana Musilova",
  title =        "Evolution of the Parvalbumin Genes in Teleost Fishes
                 after the Whole-Genome Duplication",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "70",
  day =          "01",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040070",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/70",
  abstract =     "Parvalbumin is considered a major fish allergen. Here,
                 we report the molecular evolution of the parvalbumin
                 genes in bony fishes based on 19 whole genomes and 70
                 transcriptomes. We found unexpectedly high parvalbumin
                 diversity in teleosts; three main gene types
                 (pvalb-{\alpha}, pvalb-{\beta}1, and pvalb-{\beta}2,
                 including oncomodulins) originated at the onset of
                 vertebrates. Teleosts have further multiplied the
                 parvalbumin gene repertoire up to nine ancestral
                 copies---two copies of pvalb-{\alpha}, two copies of
                 pvalb-{\beta}1, and five copies of pvalb-{\beta}2. This
                 gene diversity is a result of teleost-specific
                 whole-genome duplication. Two conserved parvalbumin
                 genomic clusters carry pvalb-{\beta}1 and {\beta}2
                 copies, whereas pvalb-{\alpha} genes are located
                 separately in different linkage groups. Further, we
                 investigated parvalbumin gene expression in 17 tissues
                 of the common carp (\bioname{Cyprinus carpio}), a
                 species with 21 parvalbumin genes in its genome. Two
                 pvalb-{\alpha} and eight pvalb-{\beta}2 copies are
                 highly expressed in the muscle, while two alternative
                 pvalb-{\alpha} copies show expression in the brain and
                 the testes, and pvalb-{\beta}1 is dominant in the
                 retina and the kidney. The recent pairs of muscular
                 pvalb-{\beta}2 genes show differential expression in
                 this species. We provide robust genomic evidence of the
                 complex evolution of the parvalbumin genes in fishes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sorensen:2021:IBC,
  author =       "Peter W. Sorensen",
  title =        "Introduction to the Biology and Control of Invasive
                 Fishes and a Special Issue on This Topic",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "69",
  day =          "30",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040069",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/69",
  abstract =     "Across the globe, dozens of species of invasive fish
                 are now found in fresh as well as marine waters, where
                 they alter habitats, compete with native fish for food,
                 and prey on native fishes, exerting both indirect and
                 direct effects on ecosystems and economies. While
                 efforts to understand and control these species are
                 growing, most are still in their infancy; however, a
                 few examples stand out. This special issue is comprised
                 of 11 notable articles on freshwater invasive fish and
                 is the first to address this topic. This introductory
                 article serves as an introduction to these articles
                 which focus on 5 topics on invasive freshwater fish:
                 (1) the damage they cause (one article); (2) techniques
                 to ascertain their presence (one article); (3)
                 techniques to restrict their movement (one article);
                 (4) strategies to control them (three articles); and
                 (5) lessons learned from ongoing management efforts
                 (five articles). This introduction notes that
                 successful management efforts share a few approaches:
                 (1) they develop and use a deep understanding of local
                 species and their abundance as well as distribution;
                 (2) they focus on reducing reproductive success; (3)
                 they use multiple complimentary control strategies; and
                 (4) they use a long-term approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Martin:2021:CPT,
  author =       "Miriam Martin and Stephen Smith and Michael Kleinhenz
                 and Geraldine Magnin and Zhoumeng Lin and David Kuhn
                 and Shawnee Montgomery and Johann Coetzee",
  title =        "Comparative Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Concentrations
                 of Flunixin Meglumine and Meloxicam in Tilapia
                 ({Oreochromis} spp.)",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "68",
  day =          "25",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040068",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/68",
  abstract =     "Evidence of pain perception in fish is well
                 established, but analgesic use in aquaculture is
                 limited. The objective was to investigate the
                 comparative pharmacokinetics of flunixin administered
                 intramuscularly (IM) and meloxicam administered IM or
                 orally (PO) in tilapia. Two hundred and seventy fish
                 were assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: flunixin
                 meglumine IM (2.2 mg/kg); meloxicam IM (1 mg/kg); or
                 meloxicam PO (1 mg/kg). Blood and tissue samples were
                 collected from 6 fish per treatment at 14 time points
                 for 10 days. Drug concentrations were determined using
                 ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with
                 mass spectroscopy. Plasma concentration versus time
                 data were analyzed with a non-compartmental approach
                 using a commercially available software. Flunixin
                 reached a mean maximum concentration (C max) of 4826.7
                 ng/mL at 0.5 h, had a terminal half-life (T 1 / 2) of
                 7.34 h, and an area under the concentration--time curve
                 extrapolated to infinity (AUC INF\_obs) of 25,261.62
                 h{\cdot}ng/mL. Meloxicam IM had a T 1 / 2 of 9.4 h
                 after reaching a C max of 11.3 ng/mL at 2 h, with an
                 AUC INF\_obs of 150.31 h{\cdot}ng/mL. Meloxicam PO had
                 a T 1 / 2 of 1.9 h after reaching a C max of 72.2 ng/mL
                 at 2 h, with an AUC INF\_obs of 400.83 h{\cdot}ng/mL.
                 Tissue concentrations of both drugs were undetectable
                 by 9 h. Flunixin reached a sufficient plasma
                 concentration to potentially have an analgesic effect,
                 while meloxicam, when administered at the given dosage,
                 likely would not.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fitzpatrick:2021:UID,
  author =       "Ryan M. Fitzpatrick and Dana L. Winkelman and Brett M.
                 Johnson",
  title =        "Using Isotopic Data to Evaluate \bioname{Esox lucius}
                 ({Linnaeus}, 1758) Natal Origins in a Hydrologically
                 Complex River Basin",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "67",
  day =          "22",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040067",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/67",
  abstract =     "Otolith microchemistry has emerged as a powerful
                 technique with which to identify the natal origins of
                 fishes, but it relies on differences in underlying
                 geology that may occur over large spatial scales. An
                 examination of how small a spatial scale on which this
                 technique can be implemented, especially in water
                 bodies that share a large proportion of their flow,
                 would be useful for guiding aquatic invasive species
                 control efforts. We examined trace isotopic signatures
                 in northern pike (\bioname{Esox lucius}) otoliths to
                 estimate their provenance between two reservoirs in the
                 Upper Yampa River Basin, Colorado, USA. This is a
                 challenging study area as these reservoirs are only
                 11-rkm apart on the same river and thus share a high
                 proportion of their inflow. We found that three
                 isotopes (86 Sr, 137 Ba, and 55 Mn) were useful in
                 discriminating between these reservoirs, but their
                 signatures varied annually, and the values overlapped.
                 Strontium isotope ratios (87 Sr/ 86 Sr) were different
                 between sites and relatively stable across three years,
                 which made them an ideal marker for determining
                 northern pike provenance. Our study demonstrates the
                 usefulness of otolith microchemistry for natal origin
                 determination within the same river over a relatively
                 small spatial scale when there are geologic differences
                 between sites, especially geologic differences
                 underlying tributaries between sites.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2021:EDT,
  author =       "Bin Wang and Guoxin Ma and Yong Liu and Yafei Wang and
                 Xiaoxue Du and Qiang Shi and Hanping Mao",
  title =        "Effects of Different Temperatures on the
                 Antibacterial, Immune and Growth Performance of Crucian
                 Carp Epidermal Mucus",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "66",
  day =          "22",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040066",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/66",
  abstract =     "Fish is one of the important sources of energy and
                 protein, and proper water temperature is key to
                 successful fish breeding. The authors of this study
                 evaluated crucian carp growth, mucus antibacterial
                 properties, and immune indicators at 17, 21, 24, 27,
                 and 31 \degree C. The results indicated that in the
                 range of 17--31 \degree C, the resistance of epidermal
                 mucus to \bioname{Vibrio harveyi} decreased with
                 temperature rising. At 24 and 27 \degree C, the
                 activities of lysozyme and catalase significantly
                 increased; alkaline phosphatase activity, superoxide
                 dismutase activity, and total protein concentration
                 first increased and then decreased with rising
                 temperature; the highest values were observed at 24
                 \degree C, with increases of 56.55\%, 26.64\%, and
                 44.52\%, respectively, compared to those under the 17
                 \degree C treatment. When the treatment reached 27
                 \degree C, the temperature had an effect on the growth
                 and antibacterial properties of crucian carp, and the
                 activities of alkaline phosphatase and superoxide
                 dismutase were significantly reduced. At temperatures
                 of 17--24 \degree C, the survival rate of crucian carp
                 could reach more than 93\%, and at the temperature of
                 24 \degree C, the specific growth rate reached the
                 highest value of 43.29\%. Therefore, the most favorable
                 temperature for the long-term breeding of crucian carp
                 was found to be 24 \degree C. This study provides a
                 favorable experimental basis for the establishment of
                 intelligent aquaculture systems and the setting of
                 water environment parameters.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lin:2021:FRF,
  author =       "Bin Lin and Kailin Jiang and Zhiqi Xu and Feiyi Li and
                 Jiao Li and Chaoli Mou and Xinyao Gong and Xuliang
                 Duan",
  title =        "Feasibility Research on Fish Pose Estimation Based on
                 Rotating Box Object Detection",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "65",
  day =          "19",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040065",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/65",
  abstract =     "A video-based method to quantify animal posture
                 movement is a powerful way to analyze animal behavior.
                 Both humans and fish can judge the physiological state
                 through the skeleton framework. However, it is
                 challenging for farmers to judge the breeding state in
                 the complex underwater environment. Therefore, images
                 can be transmitted by the underwater camera and
                 monitored by a computer vision model. However, it lacks
                 datasets in artificial intelligence and is unable to
                 train deep neural networks. The main contributions of
                 this paper include: (1) the world's first fish posture
                 database is established. 10 key points of each fish are
                 manually marked. The fish flock images were taken in
                 the experimental tank and 1000 single fish images were
                 separated from the fish flock. (2) A two-stage attitude
                 estimation model is used to detect fish key points. The
                 evaluation of the algorithm performance indicates the
                 precision of detection reaches 90.61\%, F1-score
                 reaches 90\%, and Fps also reaches 23.26. We made a
                 preliminary exploration on the pose estimation of fish
                 and provided a feasible idea for fish pose
                 estimation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ruiz-Jarabo:2021:SPR,
  author =       "Ignacio Ruiz-Jarabo and Miriam Fern{\'a}ndez-Castro
                 and Ismael Jerez-Cepa and Cristina
                 Barrag{\'a}n-M{\'e}ndez and Montse P{\'e}rez and
                 Evaristo P{\'e}rez and Juan Gil and Jes{\'u}s Canoura
                 and Carlos Farias and Juan Miguel Mancera and Ignacio
                 Sobrino",
  title =        "Survival and Physiological Recovery after Capture by
                 Hookline: the Case Study of the Blackspot Seabream
                 (\bioname{Pagellus bogaraveo})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "64",
  day =          "17",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040064",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/64",
  abstract =     "Evaluating the survival of discarded species is
                 gaining momentum after the new European Common
                 Fisheries Policy (Article 15 of the European Regulation
                 No. 1380/2013). This regulation introduced a discard
                 ban, with an exemption for those species with
                 demonstrated high survival rates after their capture
                 and release. Candidate species should be evaluated for
                 each fishing gear and geographical area. In this study,
                 we assessed not only survival, but also physiological
                 recovery rates of blackspot seabream (\bioname{Pagellus
                 bogaraveo}) below commercial size captured with a
                 hookline called `` voracera '' in the Strait of
                 Gibraltar (SW Atlantic waters of Europe). Experiments
                 onboard a commercial fishing vessel were paralleled
                 with studies in controlled ground-based facilities,
                 where the capture process was mimicked, and
                 physiological recovery markers were described. Our
                 results confirmed that hookline capture induced acute
                 stress responses in the target species, such as changes
                 in plasma cortisol, lactate, glucose, and osmolality.
                 However, 90.6\% of the blackspot seabreams below
                 commercial size captured with this fishing gear managed
                 to survive, and evidenced physiological recovery
                 responses 5 h after capture, with complete homeostatic
                 recovery occurring within the first 24 h. Based on this
                 study, the European Commission approved an exemption
                 from the discard (EU Commission Delegated Regulation
                 6794/2018). Thus, the robust methodology described
                 herein can be an important tool to mitigate the problem
                 of discards in Europe.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Safari:2021:ESC,
  author =       "Omid Safari and Mehrdad Sarkheil and Davar Shahsavani
                 and Marina Paolucci",
  title =        "Effects of Single or Combined Administration of
                 Dietary Synbiotic and Sodium Propionate on Humoral
                 Immunity and Oxidative Defense, Digestive Enzymes and
                 Growth Performances of {African} Cichlid
                 (\bioname{Labidochromis lividus}) Challenged with
                 \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "63",
  day =          "15",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040063",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/63",
  abstract =     "The aim of the present study was to investigate the
                 potential effects of dietary synbiotic (SYN)
                 (Pediococcus acidilactici + Galactooligosaccharides; 10
                 g kg \minus 1), sodium propionate (SP; 5, 10 and 20 g
                 kg \minus 1) and a combination of SYN + SP on the
                 growth performance, humoral immunity, antioxidant
                 responses and disease resistance against
                 \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila} of African cichlid
                 (Labidochromis lividus) fingerlings (0.52 \pm 0.05 g)
                 in a feeding trial lasting 63 days. A completely
                 randomized design was run with eight treatments,
                 including 0 (control) and supplemented diets containing
                 SYN + SP (e.g., 10 + 5, 10 + 10, 10 + 20, 0 + 5, 0 +
                 10, 0 + 20 and 10 + 10). The lowest feed conversion
                 ratio value was observed in fish fed the 5 g kg \minus
                 1 -SP and 10 g kg \minus 1 -SYN (p {$<$} 0.05). The
                 highest values of protein efficiency ratio and protein
                 productive value were recorded in fish fed the 10 g kg
                 \minus 1 -SYN (p {$<$} 0.05). Fish fed the 10 g kg
                 \minus 1 -SYN diet had the highest activities of
                 immunity (lysozyme, immunoglobulin) and antioxidant
                 responses (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide
                 dismutase) (p {$<$} 0.05). After 28 days
                 post-challenge, the highest survival rate (57\%) was
                 recorded in the diet containing 10 g kg \minus 1 SYN
                 and 5 g kg \minus 1 SP. The results indicated that the
                 single administration of SYN or combined with SP,
                 especially at the level of 5 g kg \minus 1 of diet,
                 enhanced the survival and growth performances, humoral
                 immune response, antioxidant and digestive enzymes of
                 African cichlid.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2021:SCP,
  author =       "Huiqin Chen and Baoliang Bi and Lingfu Kong and Hua
                 Rong and Yanhua Su and Qing Hu",
  title =        "Seasonal Changes in Plasma Hormones, Sex-Related Genes
                 Transcription in Brain, Liver and Ovary during Gonadal
                 Development in Female Rainbow Trout
                 (\bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "62",
  day =          "12",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040062",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/62",
  abstract =     "The purpose of this study was to investigate the
                 periodic seasonal changes in endocrine activity and
                 gonadal development of female rainbow trout
                 (\bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss}) in a high-altitude
                 cold-water environment. The fish were sampled monthly
                 from January to November and the levels of plasma
                 hormones (estradiol (E 2), cortisol and thyroid
                 hormones (TH S)) and vitellogenin (VTG) were measured
                 by ELISA. Moreover, the transcriptions of sex-related
                 genes in the ovary, brain, and liver were detected by
                 qRT-PCR. The results showed a seasonal fluctuation of
                 plasma hormones and VTG together with the development
                 of the ovary, which reached a peak from August to
                 October. Similarly, the transcription of hypothalamic
                 gonadotropin-releasing hormone-2 (cgnrh-2),
                 hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors
                 (gnrhr) and follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) in the
                 brain varied from January to September, but the highest
                 level was detected in September to November. In
                 addition, the transcription of sex-related genes
                 located in the ovary and liver increased significantly
                 during August to October, accompanied by a continuous
                 increase in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and a
                 decrease in the hepatosomatic index (HSI). Therefore,
                 plasma hormones and sex-related genes regulate the
                 development and maturation of O. mykiss oocytes with
                 the change in seasons and peaked in November. The
                 results of this study provide a reference for improving
                 the efficiency of the artificial reproduction of
                 \bioname{O. mykiss}.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Garcia-Marquez:2021:ATA,
  author =       "Jorge Garc{\'\i}a-M{\'a}rquez and Andre Barany and
                 {\'A}lvaro Broz Ruiz and Benjam{\'\i}n Costas and
                 Salvador Arijo and Juan Miguel Mancera",
  title =        "Antimicrobial and Toxic Activity of Citronella
                 Essential Oil (\bioname{Cymbopogon nardus}), and Its
                 Effect on the Growth and Metabolism of Gilthead
                 Seabream (\bioname{Sparus aurata} {L.})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "61",
  day =          "12",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040061",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/61",
  abstract =     "Aquaculture procedures usually induce stress that
                 affects the physiological status of fish. For this
                 reason, the inclusion of additives in fish feeds to
                 palliate stress might be a good alternative. This study
                 aimed to assess the antimicrobial activity of
                 citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) essential oil (CEO)
                 against bacterial pathogens and to determine its
                 dietary impact on the growth performance of
                 \bioname{Sparus aurata}. In vitro tests confirmed that
                 CEO possesses antimicrobial activity against several
                 fish-specific pathogens. For the in vivo tests, three
                 experimental groups were fed for 60 days with different
                 concentrations of CEO: CTRL (0 mL kg \minus 1 fish
                 feed); CEO1 (1 mL kg \minus 1 fish feed); and CEO2 (2
                 mL kg \minus 1 fish feed). At the end of the
                 experiment, the physiological status was characterized.
                 Subsequently, the specimens of the CTRL and CEO2 groups
                 were subjected to a challenge with an injection of Poly
                 I:C for immune stimulation. Although S. aurata
                 individuals tolerated CEO inclusion without
                 compromising growth performance, it significantly
                 reduced glycogen in the CEO2 group, concomitant to an
                 increment of total peripheral leucocytes. Moreover,
                 different hematological profiles' responsive patterns
                 against an inflammatory stimulus were observed. In
                 conclusion, our results suggest that the use of CEO as
                 a fish feed additive can prevent bacterial outbreaks
                 and improve potential in vivo disease resistance in S.
                 aurata without negatively affecting growth.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Castillo-Vargasmachuca:2021:SDS,
  author =       "Sergio G. Castillo-Vargasmachuca and Eugenio Alberto
                 Arag{\'o}n-Noriega and Guillermo
                 Rodr{\'\i}guez-Dom{\'\i}nguez and Leonardo
                 Mart{\'\i}nez-C{\'a}rdenas and Eulalio
                 Ar{\'a}mbul-Mu{\~n}oz and {\'A}lvaro J. Burgos Arcos",
  title =        "The Standard Deviation Structure as a New Approach to
                 Growth Analysis in Weight and Length Data of Farmed
                 \bioname{Lutjanus guttatus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "60",
  day =          "12",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040060",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/60",
  abstract =     "In the present study, size-at-age data (length and
                 weight) of marine cage-reared spotted rose snapper
                 \bioname{Lutjanus guttatus} were analyzed under four
                 different variance assumptions (observed, constant,
                 depensatory, and compensatory variances) to analyze the
                 robustness of selecting the right standard deviation
                 structure to parametrize the von Bertalanffy, Logistic,
                 and Gompertz models. The selection of the best model
                 and variance criteria was obtained based on the
                 Bayesian information criterion (BIC). According to the
                 BIC results, the observed variance in the present study
                 was the best way to parametrize the three
                 abovementioned growth models, and the Gompertz model
                 best represented the length and weight growth curves.
                 Based on these results, using the observed error
                 structure to calculate the growth parameters in
                 multi-model inference analyses is recommended.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Thach:2021:TEO,
  author =       "Keo Sa Rate Thach and Hong Tu Vo and Ji-Yong Lee",
  title =        "Technical Efficiency and Output Losses in Shrimp
                 Farming: a Case in {Mekong Delta, Vietnam}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "59",
  day =          "11",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040059",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/59",
  abstract =     "The conversion from black tiger shrimp farming and
                 crop farming to white leg shrimp production is
                 widespread in Vietnam's Mekong Delta provinces.
                 However, this conversion trend also contains many risks
                 related to the technical aspects of the production
                 process. The study mainly aims to estimate the
                 technical efficiency of white leg shrimp farming. It
                 also compares the technical efficiency of white leg
                 shrimp farming between the traditional group that
                 historically has cultivated white leg shrimp and the
                 group that recently converted from black tiger shrimp
                 and crops to white leg shrimp, in order to evaluate the
                 efficiency and adaptability of shrimp farming. Primary
                 data were collected by directly interviewing 99 farmers
                 in traditional areas and 101 farmers in recently
                 converted areas in the study sites and analyzed by
                 using the stochastic frontier method. The calculated
                 technical efficiency was around 72.9 percent,
                 suggesting that farmers could increase their output
                 level by about 27.1\%, given constant inputs. There was
                 no difference in the technical efficiency of the two
                 groups, indicating that the converted farms have
                 sufficient adaptability when switching to white leg
                 shrimp farming. The output loss in farmers' production
                 is still very high, with an average loss of 1973
                 kg/hectare.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shen:2021:EFD,
  author =       "Fengyuan Shen and Zonghang Zhang and Yiqiu Fu and Zhen
                 Zhang and Xin Sun and Jianyu Dong and Xiayang Ding and
                 Muyan Chen and Xiumei Zhang",
  title =        "Effects of Food Deprivation Duration on the Behavior
                 and Metabolism of Black Rockfish (\bioname{Sebastes
                 schlegelii})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "58",
  day =          "06",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040058",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/58",
  abstract =     "Fish often undergo food shortages in nature,
                 especially for juveniles that are relatively vulnerable
                 in most aspects. Therefore, the effects of food
                 deprivation on fish behavior and physiology are worth
                 exploring. Here, we investigated the behavioral and
                 metabolic adaptations of the juvenile black rockfish
                 \bioname{Sebastes schlegelii} to different durations of
                 food deprivation. In this study, three treatments were
                 set: control group, short-term food deprivation (STFD)
                 group, and long-term food deprivation (LTFD) group. The
                 rearing lasted for six weeks. During this period,
                 videos were recorded three times per week to assess the
                 locomotor activity and aggression. After this, the
                 fishes' boldness, neophobia, and aggressiveness were
                 assessed using different behavioral assessment devices,
                 while the standard metabolic rate (SMR) was measured by
                 flow-type respirometry. In general, the values of the
                 four indicators (swimming time, the number of turns,
                 movement number, and attack number) for the STFD group
                 were significantly higher than those for the control
                 and LTFD group during the same period of rearing. In a
                 subsequent personality assessment, the STFD group was
                 observed to be significantly bolder in an assessment
                 measuring boldness than the control and LTFD group
                 (indicated by time in the circle, swimming time, number
                 of times through the circle, and frequency in the
                 circle). The LTFD group was observed to be more
                 exploratory in the assessment of neophobia (indicated
                 by duration in the exploratory area, distance from
                 novelty item, and frequency of stay in the exploratory
                 area). Indeed, the LTFD group was observed to be
                 significantly less aggressive in the assessment of
                 aggressiveness than the control and STFD group
                 (indicated by attack number, attack range frequency,
                 first attack, and winner). SMR was noted to be
                 significantly higher in the STFD group than in the
                 control and LTFD group. In conclusion, this study
                 firstly reported the effects of food deprivation
                 duration on the personalities of black rockfish, as
                 well as the behavioral and physiological mechanisms.
                 Thus, we hope to provide insights into the work of
                 stock enhancement.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yang:2021:IIR,
  author =       "Yanping Yang and Fengjiao Ma and Juanjuan Dong and
                 Lianxing Li and Ping Ren and Yuning Zhang and Yatao Wu
                 and Yinping Wang and Kai Liu and Fang Zhang",
  title =        "The Innate Immune Response to Infection by
                 \bioname{Polyascus gregaria} in the Male {Chinese}
                 Mitten Crab (\bioname{Eriocheir sinensis}), Revealed by
                 Proteomic Analysis",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "57",
  day =          "04",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040057",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/57",
  abstract =     "The Chinese mitten crab (\bioname{Eriocheir sinensis})
                 is a representative catadromous invertebrate of the
                 Yangtze River and a commercial species widely
                 cultivated in China. Both cultivated and wild crabs
                 suffer from a variety of parasites and pathogens, which
                 can result in catastrophic economic losses in
                 aquaculture revenue. Polyascus gregaria, a parasitic
                 barnacle with a highly derived morphology, is
                 specialized in invading these crabs. This study
                 examines the immunological mechanism in E. sinensis
                 infected with P. gregaria. Tandem mass tags (TMT), a
                 specialized method of mass-spectrometry, was used to
                 analyze the infection by P. gregaria resistance at the
                 protein level. In the hepatopancreas of infected crabs,
                 598 proteins differentially expressed relating to
                 physiological change, of which, 352 were upregulated
                 and 246 were downregulated. Based on this differential
                 protein expression, 104 GO terms and 13 KEGG pathways
                 were significantly enriched. Differentially expressed
                 proteins, such as ATG, cathepsin, serpin, iron-related
                 protein, Rab family, integrin, and lectin, are
                 associated with the lysosome GO term and the
                 autophagy-animal KEGG pathways, both of which likely
                 relate to the immune response to the parasitic P.
                 gregaria infection. These results show the benefit of
                 taking a detailed, protein-level approach to
                 understanding the innate immune response of aquatic
                 invertebrates to macroparasite infection.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pradhan:2021:CCC,
  author =       "Pravata Kumar Pradhan and Dev Kumar Verma and Shrish
                 Chandra Yadav and Atul Krishna Dev and Thangaraj Raja
                 Swaminathan and Anutosh Paria and Rajendran Kooloth
                 Valappil and Neeraj Sood",
  title =        "Carps, \bioname{Catla catla}, \bioname{Cirrhinus
                 mrigala} and \bioname{Hypophthalmichthys molitrix} Are
                 Resistant to Experimental Infection with Tilapia Lake
                 Virus ({TiLV})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "56",
  day =          "01",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040056",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/56",
  abstract =     "\bioname{Tilapia tilapinevirus}, also known as tilapia
                 lake virus (TiLV), is an emerging fish virus that
                 primarily affects tilapines. However, the virus has
                 also been detected in a few non-tilapines. As tilapia
                 is generally farmed in polyculture systems along with
                 carps in South Asian countries, there is a likelihood
                 that TiLV-infected tilapia can transmit the virus to
                 the co-cultured species. In view of the above, the
                 susceptibility of three carp species, namely catla
                 (\bioname{Catla catla}), mrigal (\bioname{Cirrhinus
                 mrigala}) and silver carp (\bioname{Hypophthalmichthys
                 molitrix}) was evaluated vis-{\`a}-vis tilapia,
                 following experimental infection with TiLV. No clinical
                 signs and histopathological alterations could be
                 observed in carps. RT-qPCR revealed that TiLV copy
                 numbers in liver and brain of all the three carps were
                 almost negligible and did not show any increase with
                 time, suggesting that the virus did not replicate in
                 liver and brain, the target organs of TiLV. Further,
                 TiLV could not be isolated from pooled liver and brain
                 tissues of carps using permissive CFF cell line. On the
                 contrary, in tilapia, typical clinical signs and
                 histopathological lesions were observed and there was
                 significant increase in TiLV copy number up to 6 days
                 post-injection. Furthermore, the virus was successfully
                 isolated from pooled liver and brain tissue of infected
                 tilapia. From the above findings, it could be concluded
                 that C. catla, C. mrigala and H. molitrix are resistant
                 to TiLV infection and unlikely to be carriers for this
                 virus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2021:FPW,
  author =       "Junyi Li and Hao Du and Jinming Wu and Hui Zhang and
                 Li Shen and Qiwei Wei",
  title =        "Foundation and Prospects of Wild Population
                 Reconstruction of Acipenser dabryanus",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "55",
  day =          "30",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2021",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes6040055",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:27 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/6/4/55",
  abstract =     "Acipenser dabryanus is an endemic fish inhabiting the
                 upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China. It is
                 classified as a first-class nationally protected animal
                 in China and is listed in the International Union for
                 Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Critically
                 Endangered Species (CR). Recently, there has been a
                 decrease in natural reproduction of A. dabryanus, and
                 the wild population is almost extinct. This paper
                 summarizes the changes observed in the natural
                 population of A. dabryanus and the factors leading to
                 its endangerment. Based on the process of artificial
                 propagation and achievement of relevant protection
                 goals, this paper presents the concept and technical
                 framework for reconstruction of the wild population of
                 A. dabryanus. In addition, by comprehensively reviewing
                 the research findings and existing problems in the
                 resource protection and monitoring of A. dabryanus in
                 recent years, we assessed the possibility of wild
                 population reconstruction and resource restoration for
                 A. dabryanus. Reconstruction and restoration measures
                 for the wild population of A. dabryanus are proposed,
                 with the aim of providing a scientific basis for the
                 reconstruction of the natural population and the
                 improvement and restoration of critical habitat of this
                 species. Furthermore, it is hoped that this paper will
                 serve as a reference for the protection and restoration
                 of other endangered fishes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kim:2022:CBF,
  author =       "Jae Goo Kim and Su Hwan Kim and Jong Young Park and
                 Su-Hyang Yoo",
  title =        "Correlation between Feeding Behaviors and Retinal
                 Photoreceptor Cells of Largemouth Bass,
                 \bioname{Micropterus salmoides}, in {Korea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "25",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010025",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/25",
  abstract =     "The largemouth bass (\bioname{Micropterus salmoides}),
                 a food resource in Korea, is a highly voracious
                 predator, designated as an invasive species. It is both
                 diurnal and nocturnal, with high adaptability and
                 reproducibility. Since the predation characteristics
                 are associated with sensitive dynamic visual acuity, we
                 examined the ocular structure of the largemouth bass to
                 investigate the association between photoreceptor cells
                 and feeding behavior. Furthermore, the comparison of
                 the prey-tracking ability of M. salmoides with that of
                 other predatory fish (Coreoperca herzi and
                 \bioname{Lepomis macrochirus}) with similar ecological
                 characteristics revealed the structure and arrangement
                 of photoreceptor cells, typical of a predatory fish in
                 M. salmoides. The double and single cone cells in the
                 retina were present in the regular mosaic patterns of
                 the quadrilateral units, with four double cone cells
                 surrounding a single cone cell. The photoreceptor
                 cells, i.e., the rod, single, and double cone cells of
                 M. salmoides, were smaller (2.3 {\pm} 0.2, 3.82 {\pm}
                 0.2, and 7.5 {\pm} 0.2 {\mu}m, respectively) than those
                 of other species (3.1 {\pm} 0.24, 6.6 {\pm} 0.5, and
                 11.3 {\pm} 0.4 {\mu}m in diameter, respectively, in C.
                 herzi). A smaller diameter of cone cells allows for a
                 high-density arrangement of visual cells, possibly
                 affecting the dynamic visual acuity for prey
                 tracking.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2022:ICD,
  author =       "Dunhua Zhang and Miles D. Lange and Craig A. Shoemaker
                 and Benjamin H. Beck",
  title =        "Identification and Characterization of Differentially
                 Expressed {IgM} Transcripts of Channel Catfish
                 Vaccinated with Antigens of Virulent \bioname{Aeromonas
                 hydrophila}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "24",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010024",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/24",
  abstract =     "Channel catfish (\bioname{Ictalurus punctatus}) is the
                 top species produced in US aquaculture and motile
                 Aeromonas septicemia, caused by virulent
                 \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila} (vAh), is one of the
                 most severe diseases that afflict catfish farms.
                 Previously, vaccination of fish with extracellular
                 proteins (ECP) of vAh was shown to produce a robust
                 antibody-mediated immune response against vAh
                 infection. In this study, we analyzed IgM transcripts
                 that were differentially expressed in the head kidney
                 and liver of ECP-immunized and mock-immunized (control)
                 fish with emphasis on a variable domain of heavy chain.
                 Quantitative PCR analysis indicated that immunized fish
                 produced significantly more IgM transcripts than
                 control fish. Full-length IgM heavy chain cDNA was
                 cloned, which encoded typical IgM peptide, including
                 signal peptide, variable domain (VH), constant domain
                 (CH), and carboxyl terminal peptide. Great sequence
                 diversity was revealed in a VH segment, with the third
                 complementarity diversity region (CDR3) being most
                 variable. Using germline VH gene grouping method,
                 variants (clones) of VH characterized in this study
                 belonged to nine VH families. The most unique variants
                 (approximately 49\%) were found in the VH2 family.
                 Vaccinated fish apparently had more unique variants
                 than in the control fish. There were 62\% and 79\% of
                 unique variants in the head kidney and liver of
                 vaccinated fish, respectively, while 44\% and 27\%
                 unique variants in the head kidney and liver of control
                 fish, respectively. Among the unique variants in VH2
                 family, approximately 87\% of them were found in
                 vaccinated fish. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of
                 semi-purified IgM protein confirmed that matured IgM
                 protein was as variable as IgM transcripts identified
                 in this study, with isoelectric points crossing from 6
                 to 10. Results of this study provided insight into the
                 molecular and genetic basis of antibody diversity and
                 enriched our knowledge of the complex interplay between
                 antigens and antibodies in Ictalurid catfish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2022:OMD,
  author =       "Gongpei Wang and Qindong Tang and Zhi Chen and Dingli
                 Guo and Lei Zhou and Han Lai and Guifeng Li",
  title =        "Otolith Microchemistry and Demographic History Provide
                 New Insight into the Migratory Behavior and
                 Heterogeneous Genetic Divergence of \bioname{Coilia
                 grayii} in the {Pearl River}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "23",
  day =          "17",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010023",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/23",
  abstract =     "Coilia grayii is the anadromous form of anchovy that
                 is distributed in the East and South China Seas. It is
                 a common fish species in the estuarine area of the
                 Pearl River. Nevertheless, freshwater populations
                 appear upstream in the Pearl River, but the migratory
                 pathway has been mostly impeded by dam construction.
                 Behavioral differences and constrained habitat within
                 tributaries are suspected of promoting genetic
                 divergence in these populations. In this study, we
                 investigated the migratory behavior and genetic
                 divergence of six populations of C. grayii fragmented
                 by dams based on the otolith strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca)
                 ratio, mitochondrial DNA, and microsatellite
                 genotyping. All populations were in freshwater with low
                 Sr/Ca ratios, except the estuarine population (Humen
                 population) hatched in brackish water. Reduced
                 nucleotide diversity corresponding to distance was
                 observed. Populations from distant hydrological regions
                 exhibited a decline in genetic diversity and a
                 significant difference with the remaining populations
                 after fitting the isolation by distance model. Pairwise
                 fixation indices confirmed these results and moderate
                 and significant differentiation was found between
                 Hengxian site and downstream sites. Furthermore,
                 STRUCTURE analyses revealed that all separated
                 populations exhibited an admixed phylogenetic pattern
                 except for individuals from the Hengxian locality. The
                 upstream sites showed significantly increased
                 resistance to gene flow from the estuarine population
                 because of isolation by the dam. The results of the
                 neutrality test and Bayesian skyline plots demonstrated
                 complex demography---individuals' experienced
                 historical expansion and partial upper-dam populations
                 had recently undergone a colonization, forming a new
                 genetic structure. Accordingly, this study demonstrates
                 differences in the migration pattern and genetic
                 differentiation of C. grayii as a consequence of
                 demographic history and current processes (habitat
                 fragmentation and colonization).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Seibel:2022:MAE,
  author =       "Henrike Seibel and Elvis Chikwati and Carsten Schulz
                 and Alexander Rebl",
  title =        "A Multidisciplinary Approach Evaluating Soybean
                 Meal-Induced Enteritis in Rainbow Trout
                 \bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "22",
  day =          "14",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010022",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/22",
  abstract =     "This study evaluated a diverse range of markers of
                 feeding stress to obtain a more precise assessment of
                 the welfare of rainbow trout in relation to inadequate
                 husbandry conditions. A feeding stress model based on
                 dietary soybean meal was employed to identify suitable
                 minimally invasive ``classical'' stress markers,
                 together with molecular signatures. In a 56-day feeding
                 experiment, rainbow trout were fed diets containing
                 different levels of soybean meal. The impact of these
                 different soybean meal diets on rainbow trout was
                 assessed by water quality analyses, clinical health
                 observations, classic growth and performance
                 parameters, gut histopathology, blood-parameter
                 measurements and multigene-expression profiling in RNA
                 from whole blood. Soybean meal-induced enteritis was
                 manifested phenotypically by an inflammatory reaction
                 in the posterior section of the intestine and by
                 diarrhoea in some trout. These inflammatory changes
                 were associated with decreased supranuclear
                 vacuolation. The haematocrit values and the levels of
                 plasma cortisol and circulating lymphocytes in the
                 blood were increased in trout that had consumed high
                 amounts of SBM. Notably, the increased haematocrit
                 depended significantly on the bodyweight of the
                 individual trout. The transcript levels of certain
                 genes (e.g., MAP3K1, LYG, NOD1, STAT1 and HSP90AB)
                 emerged as potentially useful indicators in the blood
                 of rainbow trout providing valuable information about
                 inadequate nutrition. The expression-profiling findings
                 provide a basis for improved, minimally invasive
                 monitoring of feeding regimens in trout farming and may
                 stimulate the development of practical detection
                 devices for innovative aquaculture operations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sikora:2022:DLH,
  author =       "Logan W. Sikora and Joseph T. Mrnak and Rebecca
                 Henningsen and Justin A. VanDeHey and Greg G. Sass",
  title =        "Demographic and Life History Characteristics of Black
                 Bullheads \bioname{Ameiurus melas} in a North Temperate
                 {USA} Lake",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "21",
  day =          "14",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010021",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/21",
  abstract =     "Black bullheads \bioname{Ameiurus melas} are an
                 environmentally tolerant omnivorous fish species that
                 are found throughout much of North America and parts of
                 Europe. Despite their prevalence, black bullheads are
                 an infrequently studied species making their biology,
                 ecology, and life history poorly understood. Although
                 limited information has been published on black
                 bullheads, evidence suggests that bullheads can
                 dominate the fish biomass and have profound influences
                 on the fish community in some north temperate USA
                 lakes. The goal of our study was to provide additional
                 information on black bullhead population demographics,
                 growth rates, life history characteristics, and
                 seasonal diet preferences in a northern Wisconsin lake.
                 Using common fish collection gears (fyke netting,
                 electrofishing), fish aging protocols, fecundity
                 assessments, and diet indices, our results suggested
                 that black bullheads exhibited relatively fast growth
                 rates, early ages at maturity, moderate fecundity, and
                 a diverse omnivorous diet. Due to these demographic and
                 life history characteristics, black bullheads have the
                 potential to dominate fish community biomass in their
                 native and introduced range. Results from our study may
                 inform the management of black bullhead as native and
                 invasive species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2022:ERT,
  author =       "Yutong Li and Jiaojiao Kong and Jianyue Ji",
  title =        "Environmental Regulation, Technological Innovation and
                 Development of Marine Fisheries---Evidence from Ten
                 Coastal Regions in {China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "20",
  day =          "14",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010020",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/20",
  abstract =     "This study aims to examine the relationship between
                 environmental regulation, technological innovation and
                 the development of China's marine fisheries. We make a
                 theoretical overview of the relationship between
                 environmental regulation, technological innovation and
                 the development of marine fisheries. Using data from 10
                 coastal regions of China, we calculate the
                 comprehensive development level of China's marine
                 fisheries in each region from 2009 to 2018 through the
                 entropy method. Then, we use a double logit model to
                 analyze the effects of environmental regulation and
                 technological innovation on the development level of
                 China's marine fisheries, and further test the
                 mediating effect of technological innovation. The
                 results show that environmental regulations have a
                 ``U-shaped'' effect on the development of China's
                 marine fisheries. Moreover, technological innovation is
                 crucial in promoting the development of China's marine
                 fisheries. Further, we identify the mediating role of
                 technological innovation, that is, environmental
                 regulation affects the development of China's marine
                 fisheries by influencing technological innovation.
                 These findings offer theoretical support for the
                 development of China's marine fisheries.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ivanauskas:2022:MAC,
  author =       "Edgaras Ivanauskas and Andrius Skersonas and Vaidotas
                 Andra{\v{s}}{\=u}nas and Soukaina Elyaagoubi and
                 Art{\=u}ras Razinkovas-Baziukas",
  title =        "Mapping and Assessing Commercial Fisheries Services in
                 the {Lithuanian} Part of the {Curonian Lagoon}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "19",
  day =          "14",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010019",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/19",
  abstract =     "The spatial distribution of biomass of main commercial
                 fish species was mapped to estimate the supply of a
                 provisioning fishery service in the Curonian lagoon.
                 Catch per unit effort (CPUE) was used as a proxy to
                 estimate the efficiency of commercial fishing and,
                 subsequently, the potential biomass of fishes. The
                 relationship between distinctive characteristics of the
                 fishing areas and corresponding commercial catches and
                 CPUE was analyzed using multivariate analysis. The
                 total catch values and CPUE used in the analyses were
                 derived from the official commercial fishery records.
                 RDE analysis was used to assess the variation of both
                 catch and CPUE of commercial fish species, while the
                 percentages of bottom sediment type coverage, average
                 depth, annual salinity, and water residence time in
                 each of the fishing squares were used as explanatory
                 variables. This distance e-based redundancy analysis
                 allowed for the use of non-Euclidean dissimilarity
                 indices. Fisheries data spatial distribution map
                 indicated the lack of coherence between the spatial
                 patterns of commercial catches and CPUE distribution in
                 the northern part of the lagoon. Highest CPUE values
                 were estimated in the central-eastern part of the
                 lagoon as compared to the western part of the lagoon
                 where CPUE values were substantially lower. Both total
                 catch and CPUE appeared not to be related to the type
                 of bottom habitats statistically while being spatially
                 correlated in-between. However, the impact of salinity
                 and water residence time calculated using the 3D
                 hydraulic circulation model on the distribution of both
                 CPUE and commercial catches was statistically
                 significant.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xu:2022:EDE,
  author =       "Yan Xu and Yiqun Li and Mingyang Xue and Zidong Xiao
                 and Yuding Fan and Lingbing Zeng and Yong Zhou",
  title =        "Effects of Dietary \bioname{Enterococcus faecalis}
                 {YFI-G720} on the Growth, Immunity, Serum Biochemical,
                 Intestinal Morphology, Intestinal Microbiota, and
                 Disease Resistance of Crucian Carp (\bioname{Carassius
                 auratus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "18",
  day =          "12",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010018",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/18",
  abstract =     "Diseases of crucian carp (\bioname{Carassius auratus})
                 are closely related to intestinal parameters.
                 Enterococcus faecalis has strong colonization ability
                 in the intestinal tract, and produces natural
                 antibiotics, bacteriocin, and other bacteriostatic
                 substances, which can effectively inhibit some
                 pathogenic bacteria and improve the intestinal
                 microenvironment. This study aimed to assess the
                 effects of E. faecalis YFI-G720 which was isolated from
                 the intestinal of crucian carp on the growth, immunity,
                 intestinal health, and disease resistance of crucian
                 carp. Fish (48.16 {\pm} 0.55 g) were fed four diets,
                 commercial diet or diet containing E. faecalis at 10 5
                 CFU/g (EF1), 10 6 CFU/g (EF2), or 10 7 CFU/g (EF3) for
                 28 days. The results showed that supplementation of E.
                 faecalis significantly improved the weight gain ratio
                 (WGR) and the specific growth rate (SGR) compared with
                 control group (p {$<$} 0.05). Intestinal mucosal
                 epithelial cells in EF2 were intact and normal, but
                 there was obvious vacuolation in CG. Compared with CG,
                 serum C3 and IgM in EF2 were significantly increased at
                 the end of the experiment (p {$<$} 0.05), and serum
                 alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher in all
                 experimental groups (p {$<$} 0.05). Among studied
                 immune-related genes, expression was detected by qPCR,
                 C3, IgM, and IL-1{\beta}were upregulated in all
                 experimental groups to varying degrees from 14 days,
                 with highest expression in EF2 at 28 days. Intestinal
                 microbiota structure analyzed through high-throughput
                 sequencing, and the results showed that the relative
                 abundance of Aeromonas and Acinetobacter decreased
                 while Cetobacterium increased in all experimental
                 groups, with the greatest changes in EF2. Challenge
                 tests showed that fish fed E. faecalis were more
                 resistant to \bioname{Aeromonas veronii} (p {$<$}
                 0.05). In conclusion, dietary E. faecalis YFI-G720 at
                 10 6 CFU/g can improve the health status, immune
                 parameters, intestinal microbiota composition, and
                 disease resistance of crucian carp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2022:DRD,
  author =       "Xiaomeng Li and Yuanzhen Tan and Zheng Zhang and
                 Yupeng Huang and Pengfei Mu and Zhengwei Cui and Xinhua
                 Chen",
  title =        "Development of Recombinant Dihydrolipoamide
                 Dehydrogenase Subunit Vaccine against \bioname{Vibrio}
                 Infection in Large Yellow Croaker",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "17",
  day =          "11",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010017",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/17",
  abstract =     "Large yellow croaker (\bioname{Larimichthys crocea}),
                 an economically important marine fish in China, has
                 suffered from serious vibriosis, which has resulted in
                 great economic losses for the large yellow croaker
                 industry. Vaccination has been considered to be a safe
                 and effective method to prevent and control vibriosis.
                 However, due to the complex diversity and serotypes of
                 the Vibrio genus, the progress of Vibrio vaccine
                 development is still slow. In this study, we prepared
                 recombinant Vibrio dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase
                 (rDLD) protein and investigated its potential as a
                 candidate to be a subunit vaccine against Vibrio. The
                 lysozyme activity and the rDLD-specific antibody level
                 in sera of large yellow croakers immunized with rDLD
                 were significantly higher than those in the control
                 group, and the transcript levels of proinflammatory
                 cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1{\beta}), MHC
                 II{\alpha}/{\beta}, CD40, CD8{\alpha}, IL-4/13A, and
                 IL-4/13B were significantly up-regulated in the spleen
                 and head kidney of large yellow croakers immunized with
                 rDLD, suggesting that rDLD could induce both specific
                 and nonspecific immune responses in this species. In
                 addition, rDLD protein increased the survival rate of
                 large yellow croakers against \bioname{Vibrio
                 alginolyticus} and \bioname{Vibrio parahaemolyticus},
                 with the relative percent of survival (RPS) being
                 74.5\% and 66.9\%, respectively. These results will
                 facilitate the development of a potential subunit
                 vaccine against Vibrio in large yellow croaker
                 aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{laCruz:2022:LDT,
  author =       "Simrith E. Cordova-de la Cruz and Marta F. Riesco and
                 Gil Mart{\'\i}nez-Bautista and Daniel Calzada-Ruiz and
                 Talhia Mart{\'\i}nez-Burguete and Emyr S.
                 Pe{\~n}a-Mar{\'\i}n and Carlos Alfonso
                 {\'A}lvarez-Gonzalez and Ignacio Fern{\'a}ndez",
  title =        "Larval Development in Tropical Gar
                 (\bioname{Atractosteus tropicus}) Is Dependent on the
                 Embryonic Thermal Regime: Ecological Implications under
                 a Climate Change Context",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "16",
  day =          "11",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010016",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/16",
  abstract =     "In ectotherm species, environmental temperature plays
                 a key role in development, growth, and survival. Thus,
                 determining how temperature affects fish populations is
                 of utmost importance to accurately predict the risk of
                 climate change over fisheries and aquaculture, critical
                 to warrant nutrition and food security in the coming
                 years. Here, the potential effects of abnormal thermal
                 regimes (24, 28 and 32 {$^\circ $}C; TR24, TR28, and
                 TR32, respectively) exclusively applied during
                 embryogenesis in tropical gar (\bioname{Atractosteus
                 tropicus}) has been explored to decipher the potential
                 consequences on hatching and growth from fertilization
                 to 16 days post-fertilization (dpf), while effects on
                 skeletal development and body morphology were explored
                 at fertilization and 16 dpf. Egg incubation at higher
                 temperatures induced an early hatching and mouth
                 opening. A higher hatching rate was obtained in eggs
                 incubated at 28 {$^\circ $}C when compared to those at
                 24 {$^\circ $}C. No differences were found in fish
                 survival at 16 dpf, with values ranging from 84.89 to
                 88.86\%, but increased wet body weight and standard
                 length were found in larvae from TR24 and TR32 groups.
                 Thermal regime during embryogenesis also altered the
                 rate at which the skeletal development occurs. Larvae
                 from the TR32 group showed an advanced skeletal
                 development, with a higher development of cartilaginous
                 structures at hatching but reduced at 16 dpf when
                 compared with the TR24 and TR28 groups. Furthermore,
                 this advanced skeletal development seemed to determine
                 the fish body morphology. Based on biometric measures,
                 a principal component analysis showed how along
                 development, larvae from each thermal regime were
                 clustered together, but with each population remaining
                 clearly separated from each other. The current study
                 shows how changes in temperature may induce
                 craniofacial and morphological alterations in fish
                 during early stages and contribute to understanding the
                 possible effects of global warming in early development
                 of fish and its ecological implications.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Miura:2022:ESD,
  author =       "Takeshi Miura and Munenori Nishikawa and Yuki Otsu and
                 Muhammad Fariz Zahir Ali and Atsushi Hashizume and
                 Chiemi Miura",
  title =        "The Effects of Silkworm-Derived Polysaccharide
                 (Silkrose) on Ectoparasitic Infestations in Yellowtail
                 (\bioname{Seriola quinqueradiata}) and White Trevally
                 (\bioname{Pseudocaranx dentex})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "14",
  day =          "09",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010014",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/14",
  abstract =     "The effect of silkworm-derived polysaccharide silkrose
                 on fish ectoparasites was investigated. When juvenile
                 yellowtail (\bioname{Seriola quinqueradiata}) fed diets
                 containing silkrose were artificially infected with
                 \bioname{Benedenia seriolae}, a fish ectoparasite, the
                 numbers of parasitized B. seriolae were significantly
                 lower compared to that in fish in the control group
                 without silkrose treatment. Furthermore, when juvenile
                 yellowtails were severely infected with B. seriolae, no
                 mortality was observed in the silkrose-treated group,
                 compared to more than 60\% in the control group. In
                 field studies carried out at a fish farm with
                 yellowtail and white trevally (\bioname{Pseudocaranx
                 dentex}), oral treatment with silkrose significantly
                 reduced B. seriolae parasitism in yellowtail and
                 Caligus longipedis and Neobenedenia girellae parasitism
                 in white trevally. Silkrose treatment also reduced
                 blood levels of cortisol, a stress hormone in both
                 species. The changes in gene expression in the
                 epidermis of yellowtail by silkrose treatment were also
                 investigated, showing that the expression of various
                 genes, including factors involved in immunity, stress
                 response, and wound healing, was changed by the
                 treatment. These findings indicate that
                 silkworm-derived silkrose effectively prevents
                 infection by external parasites in yellowtail and white
                 trevally.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Urias-Sotomayor:2022:SRA,
  author =       "Ricardo Ur{\'\i}as-Sotomayor and Guillermo
                 Rodr{\'\i}guez-Dom{\'\i}nguez and Jos{\'e} Ad{\'a}n
                 F{\'e}lix-Ortiz and Gilberto G. Ortega-Liz{\'a}rraga
                 and Horacio A. Mu{\~n}oz-Rub{\'\i} and Eugenio Alberto
                 Arag{\'o}n-Noriega",
  title =        "Stock Reduction Analysis of Bigeye Croaker
                 Micropogonias megalops in the {Upper Gulf of
                 California, Mexico}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "15",
  day =          "08",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010015",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/15",
  abstract =     "A stock reduction analysis (SRA) of bigeye croaker
                 Micropogonias megalops was performed based on
                 commercial catch data. SRA solutions were restricted to
                 a 2011 bigeye croaker stock biomass estimate of 14,412
                 t. The viable solution indicated a reduction in stock
                 of 73.6\% from 1983 to 2020 with an initial biomass of
                 22,186 t. In addition, a possible effect of
                 hyperstability of the stock was evaluated by applying
                 different versions of the Cobb--Douglas catch function.
                 The most probable function based on a multi-model
                 selection procedure was the one wherein the catch does
                 not depend on biomass and is directly proportional to
                 the applied fishing effort of small boats ($ \approx $7
                 m) and vessels ($ \approx $24 m). This situation
                 suggests that in a free access regime, fishing can
                 deplete the resource until it collapses, without
                 observing a significant reduction in its catches until
                 the event is very close.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pan:2022:CFP,
  author =       "Weicong Pan and Soottawat Benjakul and Chiara
                 Sanmartin and Alessandra Guidi and Xiaoguo Ying and
                 Lukai Ma and Xudong Weng and Jin Yu and Shanggui Deng",
  title =        "Characterization of the Flavor Profile of Bigeye Tuna
                 Slices Treated by Cold Plasma Using {E-Nose} and
                 {GC-IMS}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "13",
  day =          "08",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010013",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/13",
  abstract =     "To avoid heat, treatment induces numerous
                 physicochemical changes under severe conditions in the
                 tuna, cold plasma (CP), as a non-thermal technology,
                 possess objective potential on tuna processing. The
                 effect of cold plasma on the volatile flavor compounds
                 of bigeye tuna (\bioname{Thunnus obesus}) sashimi has
                 been evaluated using electronic nose (E-nose) and gas
                 chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS).
                 GC--IMS results revealed a total of 33 volatile
                 compounds in tuna slices. The effect of CP treatment on
                 tuna flavor was not significant, furthermore CP could
                 protect volatile freshness compounds such as 1-hexanol.
                 Principal component analysis (PCA) of the E-nose and
                 GC--IMS results could effectively differentiate the
                 effect of storage to tuna sashimi. There was a high
                 correlation between the E-nose and GC--IMS results,
                 providing a theoretical basis for establishing the
                 flavor fingerprint of tuna sashimi.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sarais:2022:EIR,
  author =       "Fabio Sarais and Ruth Montero and Sven Ostermann and
                 Alexander Rebl and Bernd K{\"o}llner and Tom
                 Goldammer",
  title =        "The Early Immune Response of Lymphoid and Myeloid
                 Head-Kidney Cells of Rainbow Trout
                 (\bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss}) Stimulated with
                 \bioname{Aeromonas salmonicida}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "12",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010012",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/12",
  abstract =     "The teleost head kidney is a highly relevant immune
                 organ, and myeloid cells play a major role in this
                 organ's innate and adaptive immune responses. Because
                 of their complexity, the early phases of the innate
                 immune reaction of fish against bacteria are still
                 poorly understood. In this study, na{\"\i}ve rainbow
                 trout were stimulated with inactivated \bioname{A.
                 salmonicida} and sampled at 12 h, 24 h and 7 d
                 poststimulation. Cells from the head kidney were
                 magnetically sorted with a monoclonal antibody mAB21 to
                 obtain one (MAb21-positive) fraction enriched with
                 myeloid cells and one (MAb21-negative) fraction
                 enriched with lymphocytes and thrombocytes. The gene
                 expression pattern of the resulting cell subpopulations
                 was analysed using a panel of 43 immune-related genes.
                 The results show an overall downregulation of the
                 complement pathway and cytokine production at the
                 considered time points. Some of the selected genes may
                 be considered as parameters for diagnosing bacterial
                 furunculosis of rainbow trout.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xue:2022:MME,
  author =       "Junren Xue and Tao Jiang and Xiubao Chen and Hongbo
                 Liu and Jian Yang",
  title =        "Multi-Mineral Element Profiles in Genuine and
                 {``Bathing''} Cultured {Chinese} Mitten Crabs
                 (\bioname{Eriocheir sinensis}) in {Yangcheng Lake,
                 China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "11",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010011",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/11",
  abstract =     "The authentication of high-quality fishery products
                 originating from specific geographical regions is
                 urgently needed worldwide. Chinese mitten crabs
                 (\bioname{Eriocheir sinensis}), originating from
                 Yangcheng Lake, are prime counterfeiting targets for
                 the same reasons. Foreign crabs that are cultured
                 briefly in the lake, known as ``bathed'' crabs, are
                 illegally marketed as natives, negatively impacting the
                 product quality. To establish a method for
                 distinguishing ``bathed'' and genuine crabs, in this
                 paper we conduct a comparative investigation by an
                 Agilent 7500ce ICP-MS on multi-mineral element
                 profiling of the third pereiopod from genuine and one
                 month deliberately ``bathing'' cultured crabs. The
                 profiles of 11 elements were significantly different
                 between the genuine and foreign crabs before and after
                 bathing. The discriminant analysis reached 100\%
                 accuracy to separate the genuine and ``bathed'' crabs
                 into different groups. Bathing culture was unable to
                 converge element profiles between the genuine and
                 foreign crabs. The biogeochemical profiles can be
                 effective for distinguishing ``bathed'' crabs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Guo:2022:DST,
  author =       "Jingya Guo and Yongming Li and Yaping Wang and Boyong
                 Chen and Yingxin Hu and Yasheng Musha and Xiaoyun He
                 and Tao Tong and Kunlun Huang",
  title =        "A 90-Day Subchronic Toxicity Study of Consumption of
                 {GH}-Transgenic Triploid Carp in {Wistar} Rats",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "10",
  day =          "05",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010010",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/10",
  abstract =     "Genetic modification (GM) offers an alternative
                 strategy to conventional animal breeding. The present
                 study was carried out to investigate the potential
                 health effects of the consumption of growth
                 hormone-transgenic triploid carp (GH-ttc) through a
                 90-day subchronic rodent feeding study. Wistar rats (n
                 = 10/sex/group) were given formulated diets containing
                 GH-ttc or non-GM carp at an incorporated rate of 2.5\%,
                 5\%, or 10\% (w / w) for 90 days. An additional control
                 group of rats (n = 10/sex/group) was fed a basic rodent
                 diet. During the 90-day study, clinical observation,
                 ophthalmic examination, body weight, and food intake
                 were evaluated. At the end of the study, rats were
                 killed, and the hematology, serum chemistry, urine
                 test, necropsy, and histopathology were assessed.
                 Compared with the non-GM carp and the basic control
                 groups, no biologically significant differences were
                 observed on clinical signs of toxicity, body weights,
                 food intake, hematology, serum chemistry, urinalysis,
                 organ weight, and histopathology on selected organs for
                 the GH-ttc group. The results of this 90-day subchronic
                 feeding study indicated that, at the dose level used in
                 this study, consumption of GH-ttc showed no subchronic
                 toxicity to Wistar rats.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Andrasunas:2022:AFM,
  author =       "Vaidotas Andra{\v{s}}{\=u}nas and Edgaras Ivanauskas
                 and Arvydas {\v{S}}vag{\v{z}}dys and Art{\=u}ras
                 Razinkovas-Baziukas",
  title =        "Assessment of Four Major Fish Species Stocks in the
                 {Lithuanian} and {Russian} Parts of {Curonian Lagoon
                 (SE Baltic Sea)} Using {CMSY} Method",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "9",
  day =          "03",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010009",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/9",
  abstract =     "Fisheries in the Curonian Lagoon (1584 km 2 coastal
                 lagoon in South-East Baltic) can be classified as
                 artisanal, small-scale, multi-species, and multi-gear.
                 Such types of fisheries are characterised as data-poor
                 and require appropriate investigation methods. We used
                 CMSY (version CMSY\_2019\_9f. R) to assess maximum
                 sustainable yield (MSY) and related indicators for
                 freshwater bream, roach, pike-perch, and European
                 perch. A decline in pike-perch and roach was
                 identified, while the stocks of freshwater bream and
                 European perch were sustained. As the CMSY model does
                 not consider the impact of environmental factors, the
                 decline in roach stock may be attributed to the
                 increase in salinity rather than to overfishing. In the
                 case of freshwater bream and pike-perch, the method
                 cannot consider the increase of the percentage of
                 small-sized fishes in catches due to the allowance of
                 low-selectivity gears in the fishery. Additionally, in
                 the case of the pike-perch, the model does not take
                 into account the interannual fluctuations in the
                 stock-recruitment system. The assessment of the
                 European perch stock can be considered to be good.
                 However, the accuracy of CMSY is limited, and it should
                 be used for fisheries management only in combination
                 with other methods.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Bosi:2022:MCM,
  author =       "Giampaolo Bosi and Paolo Merella and Barbara J.
                 Maynard and Bahram Sayyaf Dezfuli",
  title =        "Microscopic Characterization of the Mucous Cells and
                 Their Mucin Secretions in the Alimentary Canal of the
                 Blackmouth Catshark \bioname{Galeus melastomus}
                 ({Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "8",
  day =          "01",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010008",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/8",
  abstract =     "Sharks belong to the most primitive group of jawed
                 vertebrates and have some special structural and
                 functional features such as a cartilaginous skeleton, a
                 spiral intestinal valve, and a rectal gland for
                 osmoregulation. In January 2020, ten specimens of
                 \bioname{Galeus melastomus}, the Blackmouth catshark,
                 were collected from the Gulf of Asinara (North
                 Sardinia, Italy) and the entire alimentary canal was
                 studied using histochemical reactions to characterize
                 the mucous cell types. In the alimentary canal of G.
                 melastomus, mucous cells mainly secrete a mixture of
                 acidic and neutral mucins. Of the acidic mucins, only
                 the carboxylated type was present in mucous cells of
                 the stomach, while the sulfated type predominated in
                 the esophagus and the intestines. The use of lectins
                 revealed a distribution of sugar residues in mucins
                 related to cellular activities of the different regions
                 of the catshark alimentary canal. The current study is
                 the first report to characterize the intestinal mucous
                 cells of G. melastomus and to provide quantitative data
                 on their different populations in the alimentary
                 canal.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shertzer:2022:MDS,
  author =       "Kyle W. Shertzer and Erik H. Williams and Skyler R.
                 Sagarese",
  title =        "Modeling Discards in Stock Assessments: Red Grouper
                 \bioname{Epinephelus morio} in the {U.S. Gulf of
                 Mexico}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "7",
  day =          "28",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010007",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/7",
  abstract =     "To be as accurate as possible, stock assessments
                 should account for discard mortality in fisheries if it
                 occurs. Three common approaches to modeling discards in
                 assessments are to lump dead discards with landings,
                 treat dead discards as their own fleet, or link them
                 conversely with landings through use of a retention
                 function. The first approach (lumping) implicitly
                 assumes that the selectivity of landings applies also
                 to discards. In many cases, that assumption is false,
                 for example, if discards comprise smaller fish than do
                 landings. The latter two approaches avoid the
                 assumption by modeling discards explicitly with their
                 own selectivity pattern. Here, we examine these
                 approaches to modeling discards. Using a simulation
                 study, we demonstrate that the two approaches to
                 modeling discards explicitly can provide identical
                 results under both static and time-varying conditions.
                 Then, using a stock assessment case study of red
                 grouper \bioname{Epinephelus morio} in the U.S. Gulf of
                 Mexico, we demonstrate that in practice the approaches
                 to modeling discards can provide different outcomes,
                 with implications for the resultant management advice.
                 We conclude by comparing and contrasting the different
                 approaches, calling for more research to elucidate
                 which approach is most suitable under various sources
                 of error typically encountered in discard data.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ghosh:2022:FEA,
  author =       "Sampat Ghosh and Victor Benno Meyer-Rochow and Chuleui
                 Jung",
  title =        "Farming the Edible Aquatic Snail \bioname{Pomacea
                 canaliculata} as a Mini-Livestock",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6",
  day =          "28",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010006",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/6",
  abstract =     "In the present paper, we describe the farming system
                 of Pomacea canaliculata, an edible freshwater snail, as
                 it is practiced by a farmer as mini-livestock in the
                 vicinity of Andong in Korea. We visited the snail farm
                 several times in the summer and winter of the year and
                 conducted interviews with the farm manager using a
                 semi-structured questionnaire. The farm is housed in
                 polythene tunnels and uses a tank pen of trench type
                 made up of propylene and measuring 1 m $ \times $ 2 m $
                 \times $ 0.5 m (length $ \times $ width $ \times $
                 height) in size. A regulated inflow of fresh water and
                 outflow of used water was installed, with water level
                 not exceeding 5 to 7 cm. As feed of snails, commercial
                 fish feed is generally provided. The life cycle of the
                 P. canaliculata might differ in captivity under the
                 controlled environmental conditions than that of an
                 individual in the wild environment. The farming system
                 of snails, particularly P. canaliculata, does not
                 involve high labor-intensive, high capital investment
                 and also does not require high through-put cutting edge
                 technology. In addition to providing nutrient-dense
                 snail meat, establishing a snailery could therefore
                 augment the economic condition of farmers in the poorer
                 regions of the world and encourage sustainability and
                 biodiversity conservation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lian:2022:GWC,
  author =       "Jiaying Lian and Liyuan Lv and Hanhan Yao and Zhihua
                 Lin and Yinghui Dong",
  title =        "Genome-Wide Characterization and Analysis of
                 Expression of the Histone Gene Family in Razor Clam,
                 \bioname{Sinonovacula constricta}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "5",
  day =          "25",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010005",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/5",
  abstract =     "The Chinese razor clam (\bioname{Sinonovacula
                 constricta}), a bivalve species widely distributed in
                 estuaries and mudflats, is often exposed to extreme
                 environmental and microbial stresses. Histones are
                 fundamental components of chromatin and play an
                 important role in innate immunity, as demonstrated by
                 its antimicrobial activities in clams. However, little
                 attention has been paid to histones in bivalves. To
                 fill this gap, we investigated the genomic
                 distribution, structural characteristics, conserved
                 motifs, and phylogenetic relationships of histones in
                 S. constricta. A total of 114 histone genes were
                 detected in the S. constricta genome, which were
                 divided into 25 types in phylogenetic analysis. Among
                 them, partial histones exhibited a tissue-dependent
                 expression pattern, indicating that they may be
                 involved in sustaining the homeostasis of
                 organs/tissues in adult S. constricta. Furthermore,
                 mRNA expression of certain histones changed
                 significantly in S. constricta when infected with
                 \bioname{Vibrio parahaemolyticus}, suggesting that
                 histones play a role in the immune defense of S.
                 constricta. All together, this study on histone genes
                 in S. constricta not only greatly expands our knowledge
                 of histone function in the clam, but also histone
                 evolution in molluscs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Martinez-Antequera:2022:SSH,
  author =       "Francisca P. Mart{\'\i}nez-Antequera and Isabel
                 Barranco-{\'A}vila and Juan A. Martos-Sitcha and
                 Francisco J. Moyano",
  title =        "Solid-State Hydrolysis ({SSH}) Improves the
                 Nutritional Value of Plant Ingredients in the Diet of
                 \bioname{Mugil cephalus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "4",
  day =          "25",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010004",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/4",
  abstract =     "The possibility of improving the nutritional quality
                 of plant byproducts (brewers' spent grain and rice
                 bran) through an enzyme treatment was tested in a
                 formulated feed for grey mullet (\bioname{Mugil
                 cephalus}). The enzyme treatment was carried out by
                 Solid-State Hydrolysis (SSH) using a commercial
                 preparation including carbohydrases and phytase. A feed
                 prepared without the treatment and a commercial feed
                 for carp were used as controls. In a preliminary
                 short-term trial carried out at laboratory facilities,
                 fish receiving the enzyme-treated feed showed
                 significant improvement in both FCR and SGR when
                 compared to those obtained with the untreated diet,
                 although both experimental diets presented worse values
                 than those obtained with the commercial feed. Different
                 metabolic indicators including higher values of muscle
                 glycogen and plasmatic triglycerides supported the
                 positive effect of the enzyme treatment on the
                 nutritional condition of the fish over those fed on the
                 diet containing non-treated ingredients. Results of
                 growth and feed efficiency that were obtained in a
                 second long-term trial developed for 148 days under
                 real production conditions evidenced the equivalence
                 among the experimental and commercial diets and
                 confirmed that enzyme pretreatment of plant ingredients
                 by SSH may be a useful procedure to improve the
                 nutritive value of high fiber plant byproducts when
                 included in practical diets for this species and others
                 with similar nutritional features.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Baloch:2022:CSC,
  author =       "Ali Asghar Baloch and Ehdaa Eltayeb Eltigani
                 Abdelsalam and Veronika Pia{\v{c}}kov{\'a}",
  title =        "Cytokines Studied in Carp (\bioname{Cyprinus carpio}
                 {L.}) in Response to Important Diseases",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "3",
  day =          "24",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010003",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/3",
  abstract =     "Cytokines belong to the most widely studied group of
                 intracellular molecules involved in the function of the
                 immune system. Their secretion is induced by various
                 infectious stimuli. Cytokine release by host cells has
                 been extensively used as a powerful tool for studying
                 immune reactions in the early stages of viral and
                 bacterial infections. Recently, research attention has
                 shifted to the investigation of cytokine responses
                 using mRNA expression, an essential mechanism related
                 to pathogenic and nonpathogenic-immune stimulants in
                 fish. This review represents the current knowledge of
                 cytokine responses to infectious diseases in the common
                 carp (\bioname{Cyprinus carpio} {L.}). Given the
                 paucity of literature on cytokine responses to many
                 infections in carp, only select viral diseases, such as
                 koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD), spring viremia of carp
                 (SVC), and carp edema virus disease (CEVD), are
                 discussed. \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila} is one of the
                 most studied bacterial pathogens associated with
                 cytokine responses in common carp. Therefore, the
                 cytokine-based immunoreactivity raised by this specific
                 bacterial pathogen is also highlighted in this
                 review.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Miqueleiz:2022:CSG,
  author =       "Imanol Miqueleiz and Rafael Miranda and Arturo Hugo
                 Ari{\~n}o and Elena Ojea",
  title =        "Conservation-Status Gaps for Marine Top-Fished
                 Commercial Species",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "2",
  day =          "23",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010002",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/2",
  abstract =     "Biodiversity loss is a global problem, accelerated by
                 human-induced pressures. In the marine realm, one of
                 the major threats to species conservation, together
                 with climate change, is overfishing. In this context,
                 having information on the conservation status of target
                 commercial marine fish species becomes crucial for
                 assuring safe standards. We put together fisheries
                 statistics from the FAO, the IUCN Red List, FishBase,
                 and RAM Legacy databases to understand to what extent
                 top commercial species' conservation status has been
                 assessed. Levels of assessment for top-fished species
                 were higher than those for general commercial or highly
                 commercial species, but almost half of the species have
                 outdated assessments. We found no relation between IUCN
                 Red List traits and FishBase Vulnerability Index,
                 depreciating the latter value as a guidance for
                 extinction threat. The RAM database suggests good
                 management of more-threatened species in recent
                 decades, but more data are required to assess whether
                 the trend has reverted in recent years. Outdated IUCN
                 Red List assessments can benefit from reputed stock
                 assessments for new reassessments. The future of IUCN
                 Red List evaluations for commercial fish species relies
                 on integrating new parameters from fisheries sources
                 and improved collaboration with fisheries stakeholders
                 and managers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jia:2022:FDM,
  author =       "Hui Jia and Hui Zhang and Weiwei Xian",
  title =        "Fish Diversity Monitored by Environmental {DNA} in the
                 {Yangtze River} Mainstream",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1",
  day =          "22",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010001",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Jan 22 12:17:28 MST 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/1/1",
  abstract =     "Surveys and assessments based on environmental DNA are
                 not only efficient and time-saving, but also cause less
                 harm to monitoring targets. Environmental DNA has
                 become a common tool for the assessment and monitoring
                 of aquatic organisms. In this study, we investigated
                 fish resources in the Yangtze River mainstream using
                 environmental DNA, and the variations in fish during
                 two seasons (spring and autumn) were compared. The
                 results showed that 13 species were identified in
                 spring, and nine species of fish were identified in
                 autumn. The fish with higher eDNA detection were
                 Sinibotia superciliaris, \bioname{Tachysurus
                 fulvidraco}, \bioname{Cyprinus carpio},
                 Ctenopharyngodon Idella, \bioname{Monopterus albus},
                 Acanthogobius hasta, Saurogobio dabryi,
                 \bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss}, \bioname{Mugil
                 cephalus}, Odontamblyopus rubicundus. Seasonal
                 variation between spring and autumn was not
                 significant, and the environmental factors had
                 different effects on fish assemblages during the two
                 seasons. Our study used the eDNA technique to monitor
                 the composition of fish in the spring and autumn in the
                 Yangtze River mainstream, providing a new technology
                 for the long-term management and protection of fishery
                 resources in the region. Of course, problems such as
                 pollution and insufficient databases are the current
                 shortcomings of environmental DNA, which will be the
                 focus of our future research and study.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ferri:2022:AGU,
  author =       "Josipa Ferri and An{\dbar}ela Brzica",
  title =        "Age, Growth, and Utility of Otolith Morphometrics as
                 Predictors of Age in the {European} Barracuda,
                 \bioname{Sphyraena sphyraena} ({Sphyraenidae}):
                 Preliminary Data",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "68",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020068",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/68",
  abstract =     "Age and growth of the European barracuda, Sphyraena
                 sphyraena, were determined by examining sagittal
                 otoliths belonging to fish sampled in the eastern
                 Adriatic Sea, as the northernmost region of the
                 Mediterranean. A total of 113 specimens (59 females, 53
                 males, and one individual of indeterminate sex),
                 ranging from 23.4 to 42.5 cm in total length, were
                 analyzed. The maximum observed age was 5 years for both
                 females and males, and this barracuda population was
                 dominated by 3 year old fish. Growth was described by
                 the von Bertalanffy growth curve (L {\infty} = 55.58
                 cm, K = 0.12 year {$-$1}, t 0 = {$-$4}.29 year, R 2 =
                 0.580), and the growth performance index ({\Phi}') was
                 2.57. Otolith length, width, and mass were measured,
                 and the utility of these morphometrics as predictors of
                 age in S. sphyraena was evaluated. The results showed
                 that counting otolith annuli produced a better
                 estimation of age than proposed linear models based on
                 relationships between observed fish age and otolith
                 morphometrics. In comparison with age and growth data
                 available in the literature for S. sphyraena, our
                 results from the Adriatic Sea provide more insights
                 into the life-history traits of this species and can be
                 used in the future effective management and
                 conservation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{DiPaola:2022:SZE,
  author =       "Davide {Di Paola} and Carmelo Iaria and Giovanni
                 Lanteri and Marika Cordaro and Rosalia Crupi and
                 Rosalba Siracusa and Ramona D'Amico and Roberta Fusco
                 and Daniela Impellizzeri and Salvatore Cuzzocrea and
                 Nunziacarla Span{\`o} and Enrico Gugliandolo and
                 Alessio Filippo Peritore",
  title =        "Sensitivity of Zebrafish Embryogenesis to Risk of
                 Fotemustine Exposure",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "67",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020067",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/67",
  abstract =     "Several anthropogenic products in wastewater are
                 considered a threat to the aquatic environment. In
                 addition to common industrial pollutants, levels of
                 pharmaceuticals have been increasingly found in the
                 environment in recent years, which may present a strong
                 risk to the aquatic species that live there. The
                 constant consumption of biologically active chemicals
                 for human health has been matched by an increase in the
                 leaking of these compounds in natural habitats over the
                 last two decades. This study is aimed at evaluating the
                 developmental toxicity of fotemustine in the ecological
                 environment. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to doses of
                 25, 50 and 100 $ \mu $ g/mL from 4 h post-fertilization
                 to 120 h. This study confirms that fotemustine exposure
                 at 50 and 100 $ \mu $ g/mL affects the survival and
                 hatching rate, morphology score and body length.
                 Additionally, it significantly disturbs the antioxidant
                 defense system and increases ROS in zebrafish larvae.
                 From the molecular point of view, fotemustine exposure
                 strongly induces apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum
                 stress (ERS) and the Wnt signaling pathway.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhu:2022:PSA,
  author =       "Yahua Zhu and Tao Jiang and Xiubao Chen and Hongbo Liu
                 and Quinton Phelps and Jian Yang",
  title =        "A Pilot Study Assessing a Concentration of 100 {mg/L}
                 Alizarin Complexone ({ALC}) to Mark Calcified
                 Structures in \bioname{Hypophthalmichthys molitrix}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "66",
  day =          "16",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020066",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/66",
  abstract =     "The effectiveness of chemical compounds for marking
                 hard tissues in juvenile silver carp
                 (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) is not well known. We
                 analyzed the use of alizarin complexone (ALC) as a
                 fluorescent marker to mark the various hard structures
                 of juvenile silver carp. Experimental fish ($ \approx
                 $2 months old) were randomly assigned to either control
                 or marking groups, which were immersed in 0 or 100 mg/L
                 ALC solutions, respectively, for 2 days. The otoliths,
                 fin rays, and scales of the fish were then sampled,
                 visualized using fluorescence microscopy, and evaluated
                 after 10 days. The ALC treatment was effective for
                 marking certain hard structures and the marking color
                 was affected by the light source. There were no obvious
                 differences in the marking efficiency of rays from
                 pectoral, dorsal, ventral, anal, and caudal fins, but
                 the lapilli and lateral line scales were marked most
                 effectively from the sampled otolith and scale types,
                 respectively. Our findings indicate that ALC immersion
                 and fin ray and scale sampling can be used for the
                 effective marking and non-lethal evaluation of hard
                 structures in juvenile silver carp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Su:2022:CAI,
  author =       "Xin Su and Da Ji and Junjie Yao and Yuanlong Zou and
                 Mengzhi Yan",
  title =        "Comparative Analysis of Intestinal Characteristics of
                 Largemouth Bass (\bioname{Micropterus salmoides}) and
                 Intestinal Flora with Different Growth Rates",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "65",
  day =          "15",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020065",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/65",
  abstract =     "To explore the causes of different growth rates among
                 juvenile populations of largemouth bass, in the present
                 study, a batch of largemouth bass juveniles reared
                 under the same conditions were divided into a
                 fast-growing group and a slow-growing group. We used
                 histological, enzymatic and molecular biology methods
                 to analyze and determine their histomorphological
                 changes, digestive enzyme activity and intestinal
                 floral composition. The fast-growing group had a
                 significantly (p {\leq} 0.01) greater intestinal fold
                 height and muscle thickness than the slow-growing
                 group. Lipase activity was significantly (p {\leq}
                 0.01) higher in the fast-growing group than in the
                 slow-growing group. Intestinal microbial analysis
                 showed that the relative abundance of Actinobacteria
                 and Halomonas in the fast-growing group was higher than
                 that in the slow-growing group. This research shows
                 that the differentiation of growth rates in juvenile
                 largemouth bass populations is closely related to
                 intestinal fold status, lipase activity, and intestinal
                 flora.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2022:SDR,
  author =       "Zhicong Zhang and Fengyu Ji and Shouwen Jiang and
                 Zhichao Wu and Qianghua Xu",
  title =        "Scale Development-Related Genes Identified by
                 Transcriptome Analysis",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "64",
  day =          "12",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020064",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/64",
  abstract =     "Scales, as key structures of fish skin, play an
                 important role in physiological function. The study of
                 fish scale development mechanisms provides a basis for
                 exploring the molecular-level developmental differences
                 between scaled and non-scaled fishes. In this study,
                 alizarin red staining was used to divide the different
                 stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) scale development.
                 Four developmental stages, namely stage I ($ \approx
                 $17 dpf, scales have not started to grow), stage II ($
                 \approx $33 dpf, the point at which scales start to
                 grow), stage III ($ \approx $41 dpf, the period in
                 which the scales almost cover the whole body), and
                 stage IV ($ \approx $3 mpf, scales cover the whole
                 body), were determined and used for subsequent
                 transcriptome analysis. WGCNA (weighted correlation
                 network analysis) and DEG (differentially expressed
                 gene) analysis were used for screening the key genes.
                 Based on the comparison between stage II and stage I,
                 54 hub-genes were identified by WGCNA analysis. Key
                 genes including the Scpp family (Scpp7, Scpp6, Scpp5,
                 and Scpp8), the Fgf family (Fgfr1b and Fgfr3), Tcf7,
                 Wnt10b, Runx2b, and Il2rb were identified by DEG
                 analysis, which indicated that these genes played
                 important roles in the key nodes of scale development
                 signal pathways. Combined with this analysis, the
                 TGF-{\beta}, Wnt/{\beta}-catenin, and FGF signaling
                 pathways were suggested to be the most important signal
                 pathways for scales starting to grow. This study laid a
                 foundation for exploring the scale development
                 mechanism of other fishes. The scale development
                 candidate genes identified in the current study will
                 facilitate functional gene identifications in the
                 future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Vaz:2022:EIM,
  author =       "Mariana Vaz and Damiana Pires and Pedro Pires and
                 Marco Sim{\~o}es and Ana Pombo and Paulo Santos and
                 Beatriz do Carmo and Ricardo Passos and Janina Z. Costa
                 and Kim D. Thompson and Teresa Baptista",
  title =        "Early Immune Modulation in {European} Seabass
                 (\bioname{Dicentrarchus labrax}) Juveniles in Response
                 to \bioname{Betanodavirus} Infection",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "63",
  day =          "11",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020063",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/63",
  abstract =     "The early host--pathogen interaction between European
                 seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and Betanodavirus was
                 examined by using juvenile fish infected
                 intramuscularly with RGNNV (red-spotted grouper nervous
                 necrosis virus). The time course selected for sampling
                 (0--144 h post-infection (hpi)) covered the early
                 stages of infection, with hematological, antioxidant
                 and immunological responses examined. Early activation
                 of the host's immune system was seen in the first few
                 hours post-infection (6 to 9 hpi), as evidenced by an
                 increase in tnf{\alpha}, cd28 and c3 expression in the
                 head kidney of infected fish. Most hematological
                 parameters that were examined showed significant
                 differences between sampling times, including
                 differences in the number of thrombocytes and various
                 leukocyte populations. The plasma lysozyme
                 concentration decreased significantly over the course
                 of the trial, and most antioxidant parameters examined
                 in the liver showed significant differences over the
                 infection period. At 144 hpi, peak expression of
                 tnf{\alpha} and il-1{\beta} coincided with the
                 appearance of disease symptoms, peak levels of virus in
                 the brain and high levels of fish mortality. The
                 results of the study show the importance of analyzing
                 the early interactions between European seabass and
                 Betanodavirus to establish early indicators of
                 infection to prevent more severe outcomes of the
                 infection from occurring.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Tanaka:2022:BCO,
  author =       "Teruyoshi Tanaka and Tomoki Honryo and Yoshifumi
                 Sawada and Daniel Margulies and Vernon Scholey and
                 Jeanne Wexler and Maria Stein and Amal Biswas and Kenji
                 Takii",
  title =        "Biochemical Changes Occurring in Yellowfin Tuna Eggs
                 during Embryonic Development",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "62",
  day =          "11",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020062",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/62",
  abstract =     "Changes in nutritional constituents and enzyme
                 activities were clarified in yellowfin tuna (YFT,
                 Thunnus albacares) eggs during embryonic development,
                 from eggs immediately after fertilization to hatching.
                 The protein levels in the eggs gradually increased with
                 development until the completion of hatching. In
                 contrast, the triglyceride (TG) and free amino acid
                 (FAA) levels in the eggs gradually declined with
                 embryonic development until hatching was complete,
                 although the energy composition of the FAAs was lower
                 than that of the TGs throughout embryonic development.
                 These results indicate that endogenous TGs are
                 preferentially expended as an energy source during
                 embryonic development. Overall, changes in the
                 activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine
                 aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and alkaline
                 phosphatase showed similar patterns throughout
                 development. First, the enzyme levels diminished; then,
                 they remained at constant, low levels just before
                 hatching, when they rapidly increased. This rapid
                 increase was consistent with the protein content,
                 suggesting that organ differentiation and
                 functionalization were promoted during this period.
                 These results will contribute to the establishment of
                 mass-seeding production of YFT.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fang:2022:CAB,
  author =       "Di-An Fang and Kai Liu and Dong-Po Xu and Yin-Ping
                 Wang and Pao Xu",
  title =        "Comparative Analysis of Blood Transcriptome in the
                 {Yangtze} Finless Porpoise (\bioname{Neophocaena
                 asiaeorientalis})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "61",
  day =          "10",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020061",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/61",
  abstract =     "The Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena
                 asiaeorientalis) is the sole freshwater subspecies of
                 Neophocaena phocaenoides, and there is a lack of data
                 on its transcriptome. In this study, we applied RNA-seq
                 technology to assemble, de novo, a transcriptome and
                 analyzed differential expressed genes (DEGs). About 6
                 Gb of clean data was generated for the Yangtze finless
                 porpoise blood (n = 6) through de novo sequencing. In
                 total, 151,211 unigenes were generated and a total of
                 119,039 of these unigenes (78.72\%) were functionally
                 annotated when searched for within the NCBI Nr,
                 SwissProt, GO, COG, and KEGG databases. Diverse and
                 extensive expressed gene catalogs were sampled for the
                 Yangtze finless porpoise. DESeq2 was used to analyze
                 the differential expression genes (DEGs) obtained from
                 the assembled transcriptome. The results indicated that
                 DEGs have close relationships with the Yangtze finless
                 porpoise's development, evolution and adaptation.
                 Further, we found that genes involved in cetacean TAG
                 synthesis might directly explain the molecular basis of
                 cetacean blubber thickening. These transcriptome data
                 will assist in understanding molecular mechanisms of
                 Yangtze finless porpoise adaptation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ma:2022:CEP,
  author =       "Qian Ma and Jiehua Kuang and Gang Chen and Jiandong
                 Zhang and Jiansheng Huang and Feifan Mao and Qiling
                 Zhou",
  title =        "Cloning and Expression Profiling of the Gene
                 \gene{vasa} during First Annual Gonadal Development of
                 Cobia (\bioname{Rachycentron canadum})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "60",
  day =          "10",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020060",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/60",
  abstract =     "The vasa gene is essential for germ cell development
                 and gametogenesis both in vertebrates and in
                 invertebrates. In the present study, vasa (Rcvasa) cDNA
                 was cloned from cobia (Rachycentron canadum) using the
                 RACE amplification method. We found that the
                 full-length cDNA sequence of Rcvasa comprises 2571 bp,
                 containing a 5{\prime}-UTR of 145 bp, a 3{\prime}-UTR
                 of 341 bp, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 2085 bp,
                 encoding a protein of 694 aa. The deduced amino acid
                 sequence contains 8 conserved motifs of the DEAD-box
                 protein family, 7 RGG repeats, and 10 RG repeats in the
                 N-terminal region. Comparisons of the deduced amino
                 acid sequence with those of other teleosts revealed the
                 highest percentage identity (86.0\%) with Seriola
                 quinqueradiata. By using semiquantitative RT-PCR,
                 Rcvasa appeared to be specifically expressed in the
                 testis and ovary, among 13 tissues analyzed. In
                 addition, annual changes in Rcvasa expression levels
                 were examined in the gonads by quantitative real-time
                 PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression of Rcvasa in the testis
                 first increased significantly at 120 dph (stage
                 II--III), then stabilized as the testis developed from
                 185 dph (stage III) to 360 dph (stage V). During the
                 development of the ovary (stage I to II), the
                 expression of Rcvasa first increased and reached the
                 highest level at 210 dph (stage II), then decreased.
                 Furthermore, the results of chromogenic in situ
                 hybridization (CISH) revealed that Rcvasa mRNA was
                 mainly expressed in germ cells and barely detected in
                 somatic cells. In the testis, Rcvasa mRNA signal was
                 concentrated in the periphery of spermatogonia, primary
                 spermatocytes, and secondary spermatocytes and was
                 significantly weaker in spermatids and spermatozoa. In
                 the ovary, Rcvasa mRNA signal was uniformly distributed
                 in the perinuclear cytoplasm and was intense in early
                 primary oocytes (stage I and II). These findings could
                 provide a reference for understanding the regulatory
                 mechanisms of vasa expression during the development of
                 germ cells in cobia.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Basto-Silva:2022:EDP,
  author =       "Catarina Basto-Silva and Irene Garc{\'\i}a-Meil{\'a}n
                 and Ana Couto and Cl{\'a}udia R. Serra and Paula Enes
                 and Aires Oliva-Teles and Encarnaci{\'o}n Capilla and
                 In{\^e}s Guerreiro",
  title =        "Effect of Dietary Plant Feedstuffs and Protein\slash
                 Carbohydrate Ratio on Gilthead Seabream
                 (\bioname{Sparus aurata}) Gut Health and
                 Functionality",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "59",
  day =          "07",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020059",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/59",
  abstract =     "This study investigated, for the first time, the
                 integrated effects of dietary protein source and
                 protein/carbohydrate (P/CH) ratio on gilthead seabream
                 gut histomorphology, microbiota composition, digestive
                 enzymes activity, and immunological and oxidative
                 stress-related gene expressions. Four isolipidic diets:
                 two fishmeal-based (FM) and two plant feedstuff
                 (PF)-based diets, with P/CH ratios of 50/10 or 40/20
                 each (FM-P50/CH10; FM-P40/CH20; PF-P50/CH10;
                 PF-P40/CH20), were tested. PF-based diets lead to more
                 histomorphological alterations than FM-based diets.
                 P/CH ratio had no relevant effect on gut
                 histomorphology. Gut mucosa of fish fed PF-based diets
                 presented a higher number of operational taxonomic
                 units, and richness and diversity indices, while the
                 P/CH ratio did not affect those parameters. The
                 {\alpha}-amylase activity was lower in fish fed with
                 PF-based diets and in fish fed the P40/CH20 diets.
                 Regarding the immune-related genes, only
                 cyclooxygenase-2 was affected, being higher in fish fed
                 the P50/CH10 diets than the P40/CH20 diets. Fish fed
                 the FM-based diets presented higher expression of
                 glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase, while
                 fish fed the P50/CH10 diet had higher expression of
                 superoxide dismutase. In conclusion, PF-based diets can
                 compromise gut absorptive and digestive metabolism, but
                 decreasing the dietary P/CH ratio had little effect on
                 the parameters measured.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lipej:2022:AAI,
  author =       "Lovrenc Lipej and Marcelo Kova{\v{c}}i{\'c} and Jakov
                 Dul{\v{c}}i{\'c}",
  title =        "An Analysis of {Adriatic} Ichthyofauna---Ecology,
                 Zoogeography, and Conservation Status",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "58",
  day =          "04",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020058",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/58",
  abstract =     "The paper presents an analysis of biogeographic and
                 habitat distribution patterns, and the conservation
                 status data of Adriatic fishes, based on the last
                 published checklist and evidence-based critical
                 analyses of species presence. The total number of
                 species recorded in the Adriatic is 449. The Adriatic
                 has 58.8\% of Mediterranean species richness, 76.1\% of
                 its families, and 87.8\% of its orders. Among species
                 discovered in the Adriatic after 2010, twelve species
                 were attributed to biological invasion, mostly Atlantic
                 immigrants or alien species, and ten species were
                 attributed to improved research on the native
                 ichthyofauna of the Adriatic area. About 58\% of
                 species are native species of Atlanto-Mediterranean
                 origin, 21\% are native species of wider global
                 occurrence, 15\% are Mediterranean or Mediterranean and
                 Black Sea endemics and 5\% originated outside
                 Mediterranean Sea. The majority of species inhabit the
                 benthic environment (71.9\%), while others occur in the
                 pelagic environment (20.7\%) or are euryhaline (7.3\%).
                 The benthic littoral species are the most numerous
                 Adriatic fishes, representing 40\% of all species
                 richness, whereas pelagic fishes are mainly eurybathic
                 or epipelagic; only 3.6\% of species are deep pelagic
                 species. A Red Book of marine fishes of the Adriatic
                 Sea is urgently needed to assess their conservation
                 status, covering the entire Adriatic Sea and reviewing
                 all fish species to assess their conservation status.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gao:2022:GMF,
  author =       "Minghui Gao and Zhiqiang Wu and Liangliang Huang and
                 Xichang Tan and Mingsi Li and Haibo Huang",
  title =        "Growth and Microstructural Features in Otoliths of
                 Larval and Juvenile \bioname{Sinogastromyzon wui} ({F.
                 Balitoridae, River Loaches}) of the {Upper Pearl River,
                 China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "57",
  day =          "01",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020057",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/57",
  abstract =     "Otolith growth and microstructural features of fish
                 are essential to the understanding of the early fish
                 lifecycle. This paper assesses the features of otoliths
                 from laboratory-reared larval and juvenile
                 Sinogastromyzon wui (S. wui, 0 to 25 days
                 post-hatching) that were obtained as eggs from the
                 Shilong Reach of Xijiang River between April and August
                 2021. We observed the development of the three pairs of
                 otoliths (lapilli, sagittae, and asterisci) and
                 compared the shape changes and growth of the lapilli
                 and sagittae, as well as the timing and deposition rate
                 of increments of the lapilli. The lapilli and the
                 sagittae were visible on hatching, whereas the
                 asterisci were present at four days post-hatching
                 (dph). The shape of the sagitta changed more obviously
                 than that of the lapillus, and a strong correlation was
                 observed between sagitta shape changes and fish
                 ontogenesis. The otolith shape greatly modulated during
                 the post-flexion larval stage (Post-FLS), it
                 corresponded with the formation period of individual
                 fins. Analysis of the microstructural features
                 indicated that lapilli were the optimal otolith for age
                 determination and increment deposition rate
                 confirmation. Using regression analysis of the known
                 age and the number of lapillus daily increments, we
                 demonstrated that the lapillus developmental increments
                 were deposited daily, and the first increment formed at
                 two days post-hatching. Our conclusions support
                 employing the lapillus increment deposition rate and
                 the time of the first daily increments in the
                 determination of the age of wild larval and juvenile S.
                 wui.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zemah-Shamir:2022:SRB,
  author =       "Ziv Zemah-Shamir and Shiri Zemah-Shamir and Aviad
                 Scheinin and Dan Tchernov and Teddy Lazebnik and Gideon
                 Gal",
  title =        "A Systematic Review of the Behavioural Changes and
                 Physiological Adjustments of Elasmobranchs and
                 Teleost's to Ocean Acidification with a Focus on
                 Sharks",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "56",
  day =          "28",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020056",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/56",
  abstract =     "In recent years, much attention has been focused on
                 the impact of climate change, particularly via ocean
                 acidification (OA), on marine organisms. Studying the
                 impact of OA on long-living organisms, such as sharks,
                 is especially challenging. When the ocean waters absorb
                 anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2), slow-growing shark
                 species with long generation times may be subjected to
                 stress, leading to a decrease in functionality. Our
                 goal was to examine the behavioral and physiological
                 responses of sharks to OA and the possible impacts on
                 their fitness and resilience. We conducted a systematic
                 review in line with PRISMA-Analyses, of previously
                 reported scientific experiments. We found that most
                 studies used CO 2 partial pressures (pCO 2) that
                 reflect representative concentration pathways for the
                 year 2100 (e.g., pH $ \approx $7.8, pCO 2 $ \approx
                 $1000 {\mu}atm). Since there is a considerable
                 knowledge gap on the effect of OA on sharks, we
                 utilized existing data on bony fish to synthesize the
                 available knowledge. Given the similarities between the
                 behaviors and physiology of these two superclasses' to
                 changes in CO 2 and pH levels, there is merit in
                 including the available information on bony fish as
                 well. Several studies indicated a decrease in shark
                 fitness in relation to increased OA and CO 2 levels.
                 However, the decrease was species-specific and
                 influenced by the intensity of the change in
                 atmospheric CO 2 concentration and other anthropogenic
                 and environmental factors (e.g., fishing, temperature).
                 Most studies involved only limited exposure to future
                 environmental conditions and were conducted on benthic
                 shark species studied in the laboratory rather than on
                 apex predator species. While knowledge gaps exist, and
                 more research is required, we conclude that
                 anthropogenic factors are likely contributing to shark
                 species' vulnerability worldwide. However, the impact
                 of OA on the long-term stability of shark populations
                 is not unequivocal.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lobel:2022:DEB,
  author =       "Lisa Kerr Lobel and Phillip S. Lobel",
  title =        "Damselfish Embryos as a Bioindicator for Military
                 Contamination on Coral Reefs at {Johnston Atoll,
                 Pacific Ocean}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "55",
  day =          "26",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020055",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/55",
  abstract =     "This study investigated the association between
                 sediment contamination, PCB accumulation in adult
                 nesting males and the occurrence of embryonic
                 abnormalities in the damselfish, Abudefduf sordidus,
                 from two sites with high PCB contamination and three
                 ``reference'' sites (contaminants very low or not
                 measurable) within Johnston Atoll, Central Pacific
                 Ocean. Developmental abnormalities were assessed in
                 damselfish embryos collected in the field during four
                 natural spawning seasons (1996, 1998, 1999, and 2001).
                 Laboratory incubations of abnormal embryos demonstrated
                 that the observed abnormalities were lethal. PCBs were
                 measured in fish collected in three years. Mean
                 whole-body concentrations of total PCBs ranged from
                 364.6 to 138,032.5 ng/g lipid. A significant
                 residue--effect relationship was found between total
                 PCB concentration and embryo abnormalities. The
                 occurrence of embryo abnormalities was positively
                 related to fish PCB concentration (other contaminants
                 were also evaluated including metals and dioxins). This
                 study demonstrates the utility of using damselfish
                 embryos as a bioindicator tool for monitoring coral
                 reefs. It also provides baseline-monitoring criteria
                 and evaluates sediment quality benchmarks used for
                 ecological risk assessments on coral reefs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xu:2022:ERD,
  author =       "Qian Xu and Zheng Yang and Siyu Chen and Wenjuan Zhu
                 and Siyuan Xiao and Jing Liu and Hongquan Wang and
                 Shile Lan",
  title =        "Effects of Replacing Dietary Fish Meal by Soybean Meal
                 Co-Fermented Using \bioname{Bacillus subtilis} and
                 \bioname{Enterococcus faecium} on Serum Antioxidant
                 Indices and Gut Microbiota of Crucian Carp
                 \bioname{Carassius auratus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "54",
  day =          "25",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020054",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See correction \cite{Xu:2023:CXA}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/54",
  abstract =     "Fermented soybean meal (FSM) is an important feed
                 material that can replace fish meal to solve the
                 shortage of animal protein. To improve the utilization
                 of FSM, we optimized the co-fermentation conditions of
                 soybean meal using Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus
                 faecium and studied the effects of replacing fish meal
                 with different proportions of FSM on serum antioxidant
                 indices and gut microbiota (GM) composition of crucian
                 carp (Carassius auratus). Our results showed that the
                 co-fermentation of soybean meal was the most effective
                 when the ratio of B. subtilis X-2 and E. faecium X-4
                 was 2:3, glucose addition was 4.5\%, KH 2 PO 4 addition
                 was 0.15\%, MgSO 4 {\cdot}7H 2 O addition was 0.1\%,
                 anhydrous sodium acetate addition was 0.4\%,
                 fermentation time was 120 h, and the solid--water ratio
                 was 1:1. Replacing 40\% fish meal with FSM in the feed
                 significantly improved the serum T-AOC, POD, and IgM
                 levels in C. auratus. Although there were significant
                 differences in the midgut and hindgut microbiota
                 structures of C. auratus, the addition of FSM to the
                 feed did not cause significant differences in the GM
                 structure, whether in the midgut or hindgut. Therefore,
                 40\% FSM is the most suitable substitute for fish meal
                 in the feed of C. auratus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Blanco:2022:ARE,
  author =       "Miguel Blanco and Lydia Bares and Marcos Ferasso",
  title =        "Analysis of Regional Efficiency in the Use of the
                 {European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (FEMP)} in the
                 {Eurozone} Countries",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "53",
  day =          "22",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7020053",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 17 11:56:42 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/2/53",
  abstract =     "The European Union (EU) launched the Common Fisheries
                 Policy (CFP) in the 1970s. Currently, a large part of
                 the CFP has been financed with the European Maritime
                 and Fisheries Fund (FEMP). This research aims to
                 determine whether there is a high degree of homogeneity
                 in the levels of efficiency achieved by the fishing
                 projects financed by European Funds for the period 2014
                 to 2020. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
                 methodology was adopted. The main results showed that
                 there is a high degree of heterogeneity in the level of
                 efficiency achieved by European countries during the
                 analyzed period. Moreover, despite the fact that
                 regional efficiency has been increasing during the
                 years under study, territorial disparities persist over
                 time. This research provides a contribution for
                 policymakers targeting better use of the FEMP funds for
                 the upcoming funding package 2021--2027.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Peixoto:2022:TFF,
  author =       "Ualerson I. Peixoto and Adauto S. Mello-Filho and
                 Bianca Bentes and Victoria J. Isaac",
  title =        "Trawl Fishing Fleet Operations Used to Illustrate the
                 Life Cycle of the Southern Brown Shrimp: Insights to
                 Management and Sustainable Fisheries",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "141",
  day =          "17",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030141",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/141",
  abstract =     "The purpose of this study was to better understand the
                 life cycle of brown shrimp along the Amazon Continental
                 Shelf by using spatial and temporal trawl fleet
                 activities. A total of 208,121 specimens and 1281
                 trawls were studied throughout the course of 13 years
                 of shrimp size composition. To investigate differences
                 in length composition between fishing grounds, months,
                 and depth, a PERMANOVA analysis was employed. A
                 geographic information system was developed for
                 environmental characterisation and spatiotemporal trawl
                 fleet distribution. Our findings show that the
                 industrial trawl shrimp fleet has a close relationship
                 with shrimp biological characteristics, following
                 shrimp migration patterns in different months,
                 locations, and depths during different stages of their
                 life cycle, and that this fleet acts on two-yearly
                 cohorts. The management measures of limiting effort
                 (number of vessels) appear enough to avoid
                 overcapitalisation, but the closed period and a
                 proposed no-take fishing zone appear insufficient for
                 what was originally proposed. Ecosystem-based
                 management strategies should be addressed immediately
                 because they would be far more effective than
                 traditional fishery-based management measures in
                 promoting sustainable fishing.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Tran:2022:CFW,
  author =       "Thi Ngoc Tran and Chien Thang Doan and Van Bon Nguyen
                 and Anh Dzung Nguyen and San-Lang Wang",
  title =        "Conversion of Fishery Waste to Proteases by
                 \bioname{Streptomyces speibonae} and Their Application
                 in Antioxidant Preparation",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "140",
  day =          "14",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030140",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/140",
  abstract =     "Proteinaceous wastes from the fishery process are an
                 abundant renewable resource for the recovery of a
                 variety of high-value products. This work attempted to
                 utilize several proteinaceous wastes to produce
                 proteases using the Streptomyces speibonae TKU048
                 strain. Among different possible carbon and nitrogen
                 sources, the protease productive activity of S.
                 speibonae TKU048 was optimal on 1\% tuna head powder.
                 Further, the casein/gelatin/tuna head powder zymography
                 of the crude enzyme revealed the presence of
                 three/nine/six proteases, respectively. The
                 crude-enzyme cocktail of S. speibonae TKU048 exhibited
                 the best proteolytic activity at 70 {$^\circ $}C and pH
                 = 5.8. Sodium dodecyl sulfate strongly enhanced the
                 proteolytic activity of the cocktail, whereas FeCl 3,
                 CuSO 4, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid could
                 completely inhibit the enzyme activity. Additionally,
                 the crude-enzyme cocktail of S. speibonae TKU048 could
                 efficiently enhance the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
                 and
                 2,2{\prime}-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic
                 acid) radical scavenging activities of all tested
                 proteinaceous materials including the head, viscera,
                 and meat of tuna fish; the head, viscera, and meat of
                 tilapia fish; the head, meat, and shell of shrimp;
                 squid pen; crab shell; and soybean. Taken together, S.
                 speibonae TKU048 revealed potential in the reclamation
                 of proteinaceous wastes for protease production and
                 antioxidant preparation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2022:MCH,
  author =       "Jianlu Zhang and Jiqin Huang and Cheng Fang and
                 Wanchun Li and Hu Zhao and Fei Kong and Han Zhang and
                 Hongxing Zhang and Qijun Wang",
  title =        "Molecular Cloning of Heat Shock Protein 60 ({Sp
                 HSP60}) from \bioname{Schizothorax prenanti} and the
                 Gene Expressions of Four {Sp HSPs} during
                 Lipopolysaccharide ({LPS}) Infection",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "139",
  day =          "13",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030139",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/139",
  abstract =     "Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a key role in
                 anti-stress and immune processes and are associated
                 with autoimmune diseases. In order to explore the
                 immunological role of HSPs from Schizothorax prenanti
                 (S. prenanti), Sp HSP60 was cloned for the first time
                 in this study, and the gene expressions of Sp HSP27, Sp
                 HSP60, Sp HSP70 and Sp HSP90 in the hepatopancreas,
                 head kidney, hindgut and spleen were analyzed by
                 quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) after treatment with
                 lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The open reading frame of the
                 Sp HSP60 gene (GenBank accession number ON245159) is
                 1728 bp. It encodes a protein of 575 amino acids. Its
                 C-terminus is a highly conserved and repeated glycine
                 sequence, which is an important cofactor in ATP
                 binding. Compared with the control group, most of the
                 Sp HSPs were significantly upregulated in the tissues
                 examined at 12 or 24 h after LPS challenge. The most
                 abundant expression of Sp HSP70 was found in the head
                 kidney at 24 h after LPS injection, followed by Sp
                 HSP27 in the spleen at 24 h; both of these Sp HSPs
                 displayed strong expression under the LPS stresses,
                 about 20--70 fold more than that of Sp HSP60 and Sp
                 HSP90. The temporal expression patterns of the four Sp
                 HSP genes were different in the four tissues examined.
                 Taken together, the results suggest that Sp HSP27, Sp
                 HSP60, Sp HSP70 and Sp HSP90 participate in innate
                 immunity stimulated by LPS, and the response intensity
                 of the Sp HSPs was organ-specific, indicating they
                 could provide early warning information against
                 bacterial infection. The findings in our study will
                 contribute to better understanding the biological
                 processes and important roles of Sp HSPs involved in
                 defending against pathogenic bacterial challenge.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jin:2022:PAE,
  author =       "Jiali Jin and Zhipeng Chu and Rui Ruan and Wei Liu and
                 Xihua Chen and Chuangju Li",
  title =        "Phosphorus Absorption and Excretion in Hybrid Sturgeon
                 (\bioname{Huso dauricus} [female] {X}
                 \bioname{Acipenser schrenckii} [male]) Intubated with
                 Different {Ca/P} Ratios",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "138",
  day =          "10",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030138",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/138",
  abstract =     "To study the effect of Ca/P ratio on the P and Ca
                 absorption and excretion in hybrid sturgeon (Huso
                 dauricus {\SGMLfemale} X Acipenser schrenckii
                 {\SGMLmale}), five groups of fish were intubated with
                 100 mg P{\cdot}kg {$-$1} BW with the Ca/P ratios of
                 0:1, 0.25:1, 0.5:1, 1:1, and 2:1. Plasma P
                 concentrations were significantly elevated at Ca/P
                 ratios below 2:1, and the highest value was obtained at
                 Ca/P ratio of 0.5:1. Plasma Ca content was
                 significantly increased at the highest Ca/P ratio.
                 Urine P excretion rate in the fish intubated with Ca/P
                 ratio of 0.5:1 was significantly higher than that of
                 the groups with Ca/P ratios of 0:1 and 2:1. The highest
                 urea excretion rates were observed at Ca/P ratio of
                 0.5:1 and 1:1. The total P excretion at 48 h post
                 intubation reached about 30 mg{\cdot}kg {$-$1} BW,
                 which was recorded for the group with Ca/P ratio of
                 0.5:1. The present study showed that P absorption
                 efficiency was improved in hybrid sturgeon at Ca/P
                 ratio of 0.5:1, indicating that P inclusion level in
                 sturgeon feed can be further optimized to reduce
                 dietary P input and lower the excessive undigested P
                 discharge into the rearing water.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Perez-Jimenez:2022:IFD,
  author =       "Graciela M. P{\'e}rez-Jim{\'e}nez and Emyr Saul
                 Pe{\~n}a-Mar{\'\i}n and Claudia I. Maytorena-Verdugo
                 and Cesar Antonio Sep{\'u}lveda-Quiroz and Luis Daniel
                 Jim{\'e}nez-Mart{\'\i}nez and Susana {De la
                 Rosa-Garc{\'\i}a} and Gloria Gertrudys Asencio-Alcudia
                 and Rafael Mart{\'\i}nez and Dariel Tovar-Ram{\'\i}rez
                 and Mario A. Galaviz and Talhia Mart{\'\i}nez-Burguete
                 and Carlos A. Alvarez-Gonz{\'a}lez and Carina Shianya
                 Alvarez-Villagomez",
  title =        "Incorporation of Fructooligosaccharides in Diets
                 Influence Growth Performance, Digestive Enzyme
                 Activity, and Expression of Intestinal Barrier Function
                 Genes in Tropical Gar (\bioname{Atractosteus tropicus})
                 Larvae",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "137",
  day =          "10",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030137",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/137",
  abstract =     "This study was conducted to investigate the effects of
                 dietary fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on the growth,
                 survival rate, digestive enzyms activity, and the
                 expression of intestinal barrier function genes in
                 tropical gar (Atractosteus tropicus) larvae. A total of
                 960 larvae (0.030 {\pm} 0.006 g) were fed three diets
                 supplemented with increasing FOS concentrations (2.5,
                 5, and 7.5 g kg {$-$1}) and a control diet for 15 days.
                 Results revealed that a 7.5 g kg {$-$1} FOS
                 supplementation improved weight gain, specific growth
                 rate, and survival rate (p {$<$} 0.05). Furthermore, 5
                 g kg {$-$1} FOS supplementation increased alkaline
                 protease and amylase activities and induced an
                 upregulation of the claudin-17 gene expression (p {$<$}
                 0.05). Meanwhile, the inclusion of 7.5 g kg {$-$1} FOS
                 induced the upregulation of mucin 2 (muc-2), and the
                 tight junction genes zo-2 and claudin-3 (p {$<$} 0.05).
                 In addition, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 g kg {$-$1} FOS promoted
                 the downregulation of the claudin-15 gene expression (p
                 {$<$} 0.05). At the same time, FOS inclusion did not
                 increase the pro-inflammatory cytokine il-8 expression.
                 We can conclude that 7.5 g kg {$-$1} FOS
                 supplementation improves growth performance, survival
                 rate, and digestive capacity, and could contribute to
                 the reinforcement of the intestinal barrier function of
                 Tropical gar larvae.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Falsone:2022:ASD,
  author =       "Fabio Falsone and Vita Gancitano and Michele Luca
                 Geraci and Giacomo Sardo and Danilo Scannella and
                 Fabrizio Serena and Sergio Vitale and Fabio
                 Fiorentino",
  title =        "Assessing the Stock Dynamics of
                 \bioname{Elasmobranchii} off the \geoname{Southern
                 Coast of Sicily} by Using Trawl Survey Data",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "136",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030136",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/136",
  abstract =     "Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays), which have peculiar
                 and vulnerable life-history traits, are highly
                 threatened by fishing activities. Indeed, between 53\%
                 and 71\% of Mediterranean elasmobranch species are at
                 risk of extinction. In this context, using the
                 abundance MSY (AMSY) model, the present study provides
                 an assessment of 20 batoids and 16 shark species in the
                 Strait of Sicily, sampled during a bottom trawl survey
                 from 1995 to 2020. Overall, the outputs underline a
                 progressively improving condition for shark and ray
                 assemblages of both shelf and eurybathic zones. As for
                 slope-dwelling species, a horseshoe-shaped dynamic,
                 characterized by a progressive decrease in relative
                 harvesting pressure and an increase in relative biomass
                 followed by an increase in fishing pressure and
                 decrease in biomass, was detected. The dynamics of the
                 Elasmobranchii living in the Strait of Sicily appear to
                 be affected by changes in the fishing patterns of
                 trawlers, showing a shift from shallow water to bathyal
                 fishing grounds and targeting deep-water red shrimp. In
                 this context, it seems wise to limit the impact of
                 deep-water fisheries on Elasmobranchii by reducing
                 fishing efforts and implementing ad hoc management
                 measures aimed at safeguarding these vulnerable
                 species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Moura:2022:RPS,
  author =       "Ana Moura and Ester Dias and Rodrigo L{\'o}pez and
                 Carlos Antunes",
  title =        "Regional Population Structure of the {European} Eel at
                 the Southern Limit of Its Distribution Revealed by
                 Otolith Shape Signature",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "135",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030135",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/135",
  abstract =     "Given the European eel population's marked decrease
                 since the 1980s, it has become urgent to collect
                 information describing its regional population
                 structure to improve management plans. The Minho River
                 (NW-Portugal, SW-Europe) is an important basin for the
                 eel at the southern limit of its distribution, but the
                 species is poorly described. Thus, we aimed to study
                 the structure of the European eel population in the
                 Minho River using otolith shape analysis, which has
                 proven to be effective in discriminating fish groups
                 experiencing different environmental conditions through
                 ontogeny. Our results showed complete discrimination
                 between the two main types of habitats studied
                 (tributaries and estuaries). Otoliths of eels from the
                 estuary were rectangular and elliptic, whereas in the
                 tributaries they presented a more round and circular
                 form. Eels collected in both habitats were mostly
                 yellow-stage eels with a similar age range, but the
                 eels from the tributaries showed smaller length-at-age
                 and lower body condition than those collected in the
                 estuary. Additionally, the sex ratio was skewed towards
                 males in the tributaries and females in the estuary.
                 This study reveals that there are at least two distinct
                 groups of eels in this basin, likely with different
                 development characteristics.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yi:2022:SAM,
  author =       "Hong Yi and Qinglu Bai and Ying Li and Honglei Zhan
                 and Yujia Liu and Bingnan Liu and Jihui Wang",
  title =        "Sporosarcina aquimarina {MS4} Regulates the Digestive
                 Enzyme Activities, Body Wall Nutrients, Gut Microbiota,
                 and Metabolites of \bioname{Apostichopus japonicus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "134",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030134",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/134",
  abstract =     "Sporosarcina aquimarina MS4 is a microecological
                 preparation for overwintering Apostichopus japonicus,
                 which has an immune regulation function, but its role
                 in the nutritional regulation of A. japonicus is not
                 clear. This study aimed to describe the effects of S.
                 aquimarina MS4 on the growth, digestion, and body wall
                 nutrition of A. japonicus through feeding experiments
                 and to discuss the potential mechanism of S. aquimarina
                 MS4 regulating gut function through the detection of
                 gut microbiota and metabolites. After 60 days of
                 culture, the growth performance of A. japonicus fed S.
                 aquimarina MS4 (10 8 cfu/g) significantly improved, and
                 the content of polysaccharide, leucine, phenylalanine,
                 lysine, and docosahexaenoic acid in the body wall
                 significantly increased. Gut microbiota analysis showed
                 that although Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia,
                 Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were the predominant
                 phyla in all the sea cucumbers, Haloferula and
                 Rubritalea showed significant difference between the
                 group fed with or without S. aquimarina MS4.
                 Metabolomics analysis showed that differential
                 metabolites in the gut were mainly enriched in amino
                 acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. The association
                 analysis of differential metabolites and microbiota
                 showed that the production of some differential
                 metabolites was significantly related to differential
                 microorganisms, which improved the understanding of the
                 function of microorganisms and their roles in the gut
                 of A. japonicus. This study reveals the life activities
                 such as growth and metabolism of A. japonicus, and it
                 provides support for the functional study of the gut
                 microbiome of A. japonicus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Junior:2022:UCE,
  author =       "Guerino Bandeira Junior and Adriane Erbice Bianchini
                 and Carine de Freitas Souza and Sharine Nunes Descovi
                 and Liana da Silva Fernandes and Lenise de Lima Silva
                 and Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti and Bernardo
                 Baldisserotto",
  title =        "The Use of Cinnamon Essential Oils in Aquaculture:
                 Antibacterial, Anesthetic, Growth-Promoting, and
                 Antioxidant Effects",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "133",
  day =          "06",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030133",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/133",
  abstract =     "Cinnamon essential oils (EOs) are widely known for
                 their pharmaceutical properties; however, studies
                 investigating the use of these EOs in aquaculture are
                 scarce. The aims of this study were to evaluate the
                 anesthetic effect of bathing silver catfish (Rhamdia
                 quelen) with Cinnamomum cassia EO (CCEO) and its
                 nanoemulsion (NCCEO); the growth-promoting and
                 antioxidant effects of dietary supplementation with
                 CCEO in silver catfish; and the in vitro antibacterial
                 effect of CCEO, NCCEO, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum EO
                 (CZEO) against bacteria isolated from diseased silver
                 catfish. The two cinnamon EOs showed promising
                 antibacterial activity, which was potentiated by the
                 nanoemulsion. CCEO showed satisfactory anesthetic
                 activity in silver catfish, and its nanoemulsion
                 intensified the sedative activity. Supplementation of
                 1.0 mL CCEO per kg of diet for 60 days increased
                 weight, length, and weight gain when compared to the
                 control group, evidencing the growth-promoting activity
                 of this EO. Dietary supplementation of CCEO for 30 and
                 60 days also showed an antioxidant effect, as it
                 decreased levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive
                 species and increased the superoxide dismutase activity
                 in the liver of silver catfish. Therefore, cinnamon EOs
                 have a promising use in aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Durazzo:2022:NBC,
  author =       "Alessandra Durazzo and Gabriella {Di Lena} and Paolo
                 Gabrielli and Antonello Santini and Ginevra
                 Lombardi-Boccia and Massimo Lucarini",
  title =        "Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds in Seafood:
                 Quantitative Literature Research Analysis",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "132",
  day =          "05",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030132",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/132",
  abstract =     "This perspective presents current and updated advances
                 in research on nutrients and bioactive compounds in
                 seafood. It is based on a literature quantitative
                 research analysis approach. The main features of
                 seafood components are introduced. This perspective
                 aims at providing a current framework that relates
                 nutrients, bioactive compounds, and seafood in a novel
                 integrated and multidisciplinary manner, highlighting
                 the current knowledge, the main research lines, and
                 emerging strategies. The literature search was carried
                 out by means of the Scopus database, and 22,542
                 documents were retrieved in the period from 1932 to
                 2024. Particularly, from the perspective of nutrition
                 and health outputs, the main terms correlated with
                 research on the relationship between seafood and
                 nutritional and bioactive components, and the main
                 existing research lines focused on this topic, were
                 identified. The top recurring keywords were human/s,
                 female, diet, nutrition, fish, male, adult, food
                 intake.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Muringai:2022:SSA,
  author =       "Rodney Tatenda Muringai and Paramu Mafongoya and
                 Romano Trent Lottering",
  title =        "{Sub-Saharan Africa} Freshwater Fisheries under
                 Climate Change: a Review of Impacts, Adaptation, and
                 Mitigation Measures",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "131",
  day =          "02",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030131",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/131",
  abstract =     "Sub-Saharan Africa's freshwater fisheries contribute
                 significantly to the livelihoods and food security of
                 millions of people within the region. However,
                 freshwater fisheries are experiencing multiple
                 anthropogenic stressors such as overfishing, illegal
                 fishing, pollution, and climate change. There is a
                 substantial body of literature on the effects of
                 climate change on freshwater fisheries in Sub-Saharan
                 Africa. This study reviews the existing literature and
                 highlights the effects of climate change on freshwater
                 fisheries, the adaptation strategies of
                 fishery-dependent households in response to the
                 effects, and fisheries' management and mitigation
                 efforts in the face of climate change. The general
                 effects of climate change on freshwater environments
                 include warming water temperatures, increased
                 stratification, modified hydrological processes, and
                 increased pollutants. These effects adversely affect
                 the physiological processes of fish and the overall
                 wellbeing of fishery-dependent people. To cope with the
                 effects of fluctuating fishery resources due to climate
                 change, fishery-dependent people have adopted several
                 adaptation strategies including livelihood
                 diversification, changing their fishing gear,
                 increasing their fishing efforts, and targeting new
                 species. Several management attempts have been made to
                 enhance the sustainability of fishery resources, from
                 local to regional levels. This study recommends the
                 participation of the resource users in the formulation
                 of policies aimed at promoting climate change
                 adaptation and the resilience of freshwater fisheries
                 for sustainable development.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yu:2022:CGC,
  author =       "Hailuo Yu and Yi Liu and Tiaoyi Xiao and Hongquan Wang
                 and Baohong Xu",
  title =        "Cloning of Grass Carp Chemokine {XC} Receptor 1
                 ({XCR1}) Gene and Evaluation of Its Expression in
                 Various Organs after {GCRV} Infection",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "130",
  day =          "31",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030130",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/130",
  abstract =     "Interaction between the chemokine receptor XCR1 and
                 its ligand is closely related to the immune function in
                 animals; however, there are only a few reports on role
                 of XCR1 in the immune system of fish. We aimed to
                 analyze the expression of XCR1 in various organs or
                 tissues of grass carp before and after Grass Carp
                 Reovirus (GCRV) infection to better understand the
                 function of XCR1 in resistance to GCRV infection. We
                 cloned and sequenced the cDNA of grass carp XCR1 and
                 analyzed the molecular structure of XCR1 based its
                 amino acid sequence. Further, we analyzed the relative
                 expression levels of XCR1 in different organs or
                 tissues of male parent grass carp with GCRV resistance
                 (P1) and their first-generation offspring (F1) before
                 and after GCRV infection. Our results show that the
                 total length of cDNA of the grass carp XCR1 gene is
                 1659 bp and encodes 365 amino acids. XCR1 contains
                 seven conserved transmembrane helical domains. The
                 homologous tertiary structure of XCR1 is similar to its
                 homologs in other species. After artificial GCRV
                 infection, there were significant differences in the
                 expression of the grass carp XCR1 gene in different
                 tissues, at different time points, and between P1 and
                 F1 fish. These results will contribute to our
                 understanding of the role of XCR1 in fish immune
                 responses and contribute to the development of
                 GCRV-resistant grass carp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2022:MFT,
  author =       "Haoran Zhang and Kun Li and Fayang Zhang and Jikui Wu
                 and Junling Zhang",
  title =        "The {miR-200} Family Targeting amh Affects the Gonadal
                 Development of {Japanese} Flounder",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "129",
  day =          "31",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030129",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/129",
  abstract =     "Four members of the miR-200 family in Japanese
                 flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) have sex-biased
                 expression patterns, but their target genes and how
                 they work in the development of the gonads are rarely
                 known. Anti-M{\"u}llerian hormone (AMH) can inhibit the
                 development of Muller's duct in female mammals and
                 regulate the formation of gametes after sexual
                 maturity. There is no Muller's duct in teleosts, but
                 the amh gene still exists. Knockout of amh results in
                 sex reversal from male to female. Therefore, it is
                 essential to explore the relationship between the
                 miR-200 family and amh to clarify what role miR-200
                 plays in the development of the gonads. In Japanese
                 flounder, the two binding sites for the miR-200 family
                 in the 3{\prime}UTR of amh were found through
                 bioinformatic prediction. Double luciferase and green
                 fluorescent protein reporter experiments demonstrated
                 amh to be directly targeted by miR-200a and miR-200b.
                 Moreover, miR-200a and miR-200b reduced the expression
                 of amh through site 1 rather than site 2. To explore
                 the regulatory role of miR-200a in gonadal development,
                 we further overexpressed miR-200a in the primary
                 Sertoli cells of the testis. With the overexpression of
                 miR-200a, the expression of amh decreased, while the
                 expression of the other two male sex-related genes,
                 dmrt1 (doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor
                 1) and gsdf (diagonal soma driven factor), increased
                 significantly. This result indicates that the miR-200
                 family regulates the gonadal differentiation and
                 development by targeting amh in Japanese flounder.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liu:2022:TAJ,
  author =       "Hongbo Liu and Junren Xue and Jing Tang and Tao Jiang
                 and Xiubao Chen and Jian Yang",
  title =        "Taste Attributes of the {``June Hairy Crab''}
                 Juveniles of {Chinese} Mitten Crab (\bioname{Eriocheir
                 sinensis}) in {Yangcheng Lake, China}--- a Pilot
                 Study",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "128",
  day =          "31",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030128",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/128",
  abstract =     "This is the first report on the use of a taste sensing
                 system to quantitatively evaluate the taste attributes
                 of two groups of native ``June hairy crab'' juveniles
                 (commonly referred to as ``Liu-Yue-Huang'') of the
                 Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir Sinensis H. Milne
                 Edwards, 1853) from a net enclosure culture area in
                 Yangcheng Lake (lake culture) and aquaculture ponds
                 near the lake (pond culture). We showed that umami was
                 the predominant basic taste of steamed June hairy
                 crabs, followed by bitterness and astringency. The
                 intensity value of saltiness was aberrant and could not
                 be determined using this system. The average values of
                 aftertaste-U reached 8.7 and 10.7 in the male June
                 hairy crabs from the lake and pond cultures,
                 respectively, which was significantly higher than their
                 respective aftertaste-B and aftertaste-A values (p
                 {$<$} 0.01). Female crabs did not have aftertaste-B,
                 while their aftertaste-U was significantly higher than
                 aftertaste-A (p {$<$} 0.01). Although principal
                 component analysis and linear discriminant analysis
                 were not able to completely distinguish among crabs
                 from different cultures, they could robustly
                 distinguish between male and female crabs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Maytorena-Verdugo:2022:IMO,
  author =       "Claudia I. Maytorena-Verdugo and Emyr S.
                 Pe{\~n}a-Mar{\'\i}n and Carina S.
                 Alvarez-Villag{\'o}mez and Graciela M.
                 P{\'e}rez-Jim{\'e}nez and C{\'e}sar A.
                 Sep{\'u}lveda-Quiroz and Carlos A.
                 Alvarez-Gonz{\'a}lez",
  title =        "Inclusion of Mannan-Oligosaccharides in Diets for
                 Tropical Gar \bioname{Atractosteus tropicus} Larvae:
                 Effects on Growth, Digestive Enzymes, and Expression of
                 Intestinal Barrier Genes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "127",
  day =          "31",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030127",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/127",
  abstract =     "Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) are non-digestible
                 carbohydrates, and their use in aquaculture as
                 prebiotics is well documented. The objective of this
                 work was to test whether MOS supplemented in the diet
                 of A. tropicus larvae (2, 4, and 6 g kg {$-$1})
                 influence growth parameters, the activity of digestive
                 enzymes, and the expression of genes related to the
                 intestinal barrier. The highest total length was
                 observed in larvae fed 6 g kg {$-$1} MOS compared to
                 control larvae. Trypsin activity increased with the
                 addition of MOS to the diets, but leucine
                 aminopeptidase activity only increased with 6 g kg
                 {$-$1} MOS. Lipase and {\alpha}-amylase activities
                 increased in larvae fed with 2 and 4 g kg {$-$1} MOS.
                 The expression of zo-2 was higher with the 6 g kg
                 {$-$1} MOS treatment. The cl-3 transcripts were lower
                 with 2 g kg {$-$1} MOS but higher with 6 g kg {$-$1}
                 MOS. All tested concentrations of MOS increased the
                 expression of muc-2. In this study, incorporating
                 mannan-oligosaccharides into the diet of A. tropicus
                 larvae had a positive effect, and the concentration of
                 6 g kg {$-$1} produced the best results. Therefore,
                 including this prebiotic in the diets for the culture
                 of A. tropicus larvae is suitable.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Arechavala-Lopez:2022:SSR,
  author =       "Pablo Arechavala-Lopez and Samira Nu{\~n}ez-Velazquez
                 and Carlos Diaz-Gil and Guillermo Follana-Bern{\'a} and
                 Jo{\~a}o L. Saraiva",
  title =        "Suspended Structures Reduce Variability of Group
                 Risk-Taking Responses of \bioname{Dicentrarchus labrax}
                 Juvenile Reared in Tanks",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "126",
  day =          "31",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030126",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/126",
  abstract =     "Structural enrichment is considered a useful tool to
                 improve the welfare conditions of captive fish by
                 deliberately increasing the physical heterogeneity and
                 complexity of captivity environments. However, the
                 potential effects of structural enrichment on the
                 stress response at the group level and on social
                 interactions have not been well studied yet. In this
                 study, we demonstrate that suspended vertical
                 structures (U-shaped ropes) can reduce behavioural
                 variability among fish groups (tank level) of European
                 seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. Differences
                 in behavioural responses during group risk-taking tests
                 (e.g., number of passes per fish) between treatments
                 were detected, and these responses in seabass in
                 enriched captive conditions were more homogeneous among
                 tanks compared to fish from non-enriched tanks. These
                 results suggest a positive effect of the structural
                 enrichment on social stabilisation and response to
                 stressful events at the tank level in seabass. However,
                 further research is still needed to improve the
                 knowledge of the potential effects of structural
                 enrichment on fish welfare and aquaculture management,
                 considering different enrichment designs, intensities,
                 and strategies according to farming conditions,
                 biological needs, and preferences of the fish species
                 and life-stage reared in captivity.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lee:2022:ITA,
  author =       "Chorong Lee and Hye Jin Jeon and Bum Keun Kim and
                 Seong-Kyoon Choi and Sumi Kim and Gwang Il Jang and Ji
                 Hyung Kim and Jee Eun Han",
  title =        "Infectivity and Transmissibility of Acute
                 Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease Associated
                 \bioname{Vibrio parahaemolyticus} in Frozen Shrimp
                 Archived at $ - 80^\circ ${C}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "125",
  day =          "30",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030125",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/125",
  abstract =     "Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) caused
                 by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp AHPND) has been reported
                 in commodity shrimp, but the potential risk of its
                 global spread via frozen shrimp in the shrimp trade is
                 yet to be fully explored. We hypothesized that frozen
                 shrimp with AHPND could be a source of Vp AHPND
                 transmission; thus, the infectivity of frozen shrimp
                 with AHPND was evaluated using a shrimp bioassay. To
                 prepare infected frozen shrimp, 12 Penaeus vannamei
                 (average weight, 2 g) were exposed to Vp AHPND by
                 immersion in water with a Vp AHPND concentration of
                 1.55 $ \times $ 10 7 CFU mL {$-$1}; once dead, the
                 shrimp were stored at {$-$80} {$^\circ $}C for further
                 analysis. After two weeks, a PCR assay was used to
                 confirm AHPND positivity in frozen shrimp (n = 2), and
                 Vp AHPND was reisolated from the hepatopancreases of
                 these shrimp. For the infectivity test, 10 P. vannamei
                 (average weight, 4 g) were fed with the
                 hepatopancreases of Vp AHPND -infected frozen shrimp (n
                 = 10). After feeding, 70\% of the shrimp died within
                 118 h, and the presence of Vp AHPND was confirmed using
                 a PCR assay and histopathology examination; moreover,
                 Vp AHPND was successfully reisolated from the
                 hepatopancreases of the dead shrimp. We are the first
                 to evaluate the potential transmissibility of Vp AHPND
                 in frozen shrimp, and our results suggest that frozen
                 shrimp with AHPND are a potential source of disease
                 spreading between countries during international
                 trade.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Su:2022:LTC,
  author =       "Li Su and Youwei Xu and Yongsong Qiu and Mingshuai Sun
                 and Kui Zhang and Zuozhi Chen",
  title =        "Long-Term Change of a Fish-Based Index of Biotic
                 Integrity for a Semi-Enclosed Bay in the {Beibu Gulf}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "124",
  day =          "30",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030124",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/124",
  abstract =     "The Beibu Gulf in the northwestern South China Sea is
                 one of the world's most productive fishing grounds, yet
                 its biotic resources appear to be in rapid decline
                 because of overexploitation. Assessments of the health
                 status of the fisheries' resources in the gulf provide
                 a foundation for their conservation and management. As
                 fish accounted for 84\% to 97\% of the total catch in
                 the Beibu Gulf in the period 1962--2017, a Fish-based
                 Index of Biotic Integrity (F-IBI) was developed for the
                 Beibu Gulf, and data from otter trawl surveys during
                 the period 1962--2017 were used to measure variations
                 in the fish community. The assessment revealed a
                 generally downward trend in total fish catch density
                 (kg/km 2), catch density of 12 traditional commercial
                 demersal fish species, and percentage of
                 nektonic-feeding species, but an upward trend for the
                 percentage of fishes with a planktivorous or detritus
                 diet, percentage of pelagic species, and percentage of
                 the dominant species. The dominant species varied
                 greatly over the 50 year period and showed a tendency
                 towards small-sized species. The synthetic F-IBI
                 variable showed a downward trend and has indicated a
                 `fair' state since 1998. The decline in the F-IBI over
                 the last three decades suggests that anthropogenic
                 disturbances, especially overfishing, have had a
                 serious impact on the fish community of the Beibu Gulf.
                 The F-IBI is currently at risk of becoming `poor.'
                 Consequently, we suggest that rigid and enforceable
                 fishery management measures should be taken by both
                 China and Vietnam to prevent further deterioration of
                 the fisheries' resources in the gulf.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shrimpton:2022:FNT,
  author =       "J. Mark Shrimpton and Paige W. Breault and Luc A.
                 Turcotte",
  title =        "Fidelity to {Natal} Tributary Streams by {Kokanee}
                 Following Introduction to a Large Oligotrophic
                 Reservoir",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "123",
  day =          "30",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030123",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/123",
  abstract =     "The WAC Bennett Dam was completed in 1968 and
                 impounded the Upper Peace River to form the Williston
                 Reservoir in north central British Columbia. In 1990,
                 an enhancement project was initiated to stock Columbia
                 River Kokanee (non-anadromous Sockeye Salmon;
                 Oncorhynchus nerka) from southeastern British Columbia
                 into tributary streams that drained into regions of the
                 reservoir that were accessible by anglers. The current
                 distribution of spawning Columbia-origin Kokanee in the
                 Williston Reservoir watershed, however, does not
                 reflect the locations where these fish were initially
                 stocked and suggests extensive straying. Whether or not
                 Kokanee will develop fidelity to specific spawning
                 locations is not known, but it is important information
                 to effectively manage these introduced fish. We used
                 otolith microchemistry to estimate fidelity to natal
                 streams by Columbia-origin Kokanee in the Williston
                 Reservoir. Otolith elemental signatures for the region
                 of the otolith that formed during the larval period and
                 characterized the natal redd environment showed
                 considerable variation among samples. Natal signatures
                 tended to cluster for each river but not for all
                 spawners, suggesting elemental signatures from other
                 rivers. Homing to one of the four natal streams we
                 examined was classified to be 73\% based on linear
                 discriminant analysis, although variation in the
                 elemental signatures within each group suggests that
                 homing by Kokanee to specific natal streams may be as
                 low as 55\%. Based on similarity of water elemental
                 signatures for tributaries within large rivers,
                 however, the proportion of fish that returned to their
                 general region was likely higher and estimated to be
                 approximately 83\%. The result of regional homing could
                 be reproductive isolation and adaptation to local
                 conditions. It is unclear, however, if the current
                 estimated level of straying will limit genetic
                 differentiation and prevent local adaptation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Podhorec:2022:EHT,
  author =       "Peter Podhorec and Jind{\v{r}}i{\v{s}}ka Knowles and
                 Jakub Vyslou{\v{z}}il and Sergii Boryshpolets and
                 Anatolii Sotnikov and Martina Holick{\'a} and Jan
                 Kou{\v{r}}il and Borys Dzyuba",
  title =        "The Effect of Hormonal Treatment on Selected Sperm
                 Quality Parameters and Sex Steroids in Tropical
                 Cyprinid Bala Shark \bioname{Balantiocheilos
                 melanopterus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "122",
  day =          "30",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030122",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/122",
  abstract =     "Hormone treatments are routinely employed with bala
                 shark Balantiocheilos melanopterus male broodstock to
                 stimulate the production of high-quality sperm. In the
                 current trial, three spermiation-inducing treatments
                 were evaluated: 20 {\mu}g/kg body weight (BW)
                 recombinant hCG; 20 {\mu}g/kg BW [D-Ala 6, Pro 9, NEt]-
                 gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRHa) with 20 mg/kg BW
                 metoclopramide; and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
                 (PLGA) microparticles with slow release of 10 {\mu}g/kg
                 BW GnRHa. A 0.9\% saline AS negative control was also
                 included. Administration of the GnRHa through the form
                 of slow release of PLGA microparticles 24 h after
                 treatment resulted in a significantly higher sperm
                 volume, motility percentage, and total sperm count
                 compared to the control. Injection of GnRHa with
                 metoclopramide induced sperm parameters that did not
                 differ from the control, with the exception of motility
                 percentage. The lowest potency to induce spermiation in
                 bala sharks was in the treatment with recombinant hCG.
                 Both PLGA microparticles and GnRHa with metoclopramide
                 significantly increased blood plasma concentrations of
                 testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone compared to the
                 control. The PLGA microparticle system with continuous
                 release of 10 {\mu}g/kg BW GnRHa was the most effective
                 treatment in inducing spermiation in bala sharks.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Politikos:2022:DVO,
  author =       "Dimitris V. Politikos and Nikolaos Sykiniotis and
                 Georgios Petasis and Pavlos Dedousis and Alba
                 Ordo{\~n}ez and Rune Vab{\o} and Aikaterini
                 Anastasopoulou and Endre Moen and Chryssi Mytilineou
                 and Arnt-B{\o}rre Salberg and Archontia Chatzispyrou
                 and Ketil Malde",
  title =        "\pkg{DeepOtolith v1.0}: an Open-Source {AI} Platform
                 for Automating Fish Age Reading from Otolith or Scale
                 Images",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "121",
  day =          "29",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030121",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib;
                 https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/gnu.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/121",
  abstract =     "Every year, marine scientists around the world read
                 thousands of otolith or scale images to determine the
                 age structure of commercial fish stocks. This knowledge
                 is important for fisheries and conservation management.
                 However, the age-reading procedure is time-consuming
                 and costly to perform due to the specialized expertise
                 and labor needed to identify annual growth zones in
                 otoliths. Effective automated systems are needed to
                 increase throughput and reduce cost. DeepOtolith is an
                 open-source artificial intelligence (AI) platform that
                 addresses this issue by providing a web system with a
                 simple interface that automatically estimates fish age
                 by combining otolith images with convolutional neural
                 networks (CNNs), a class of deep neural networks that
                 has been a dominant method in computer vision tasks.
                 Users can upload otolith image data for selective fish
                 species, and the platform returns age estimates. The
                 estimates of multiple images can be exported to conduct
                 conclusions or further age-related research.
                 DeepOtolith currently contains classifiers/regressors
                 for three fish species; however, more species will be
                 included as related work on ageing will be tested and
                 published soon. Herein, the architecture and
                 functionality of the platform are presented. Current
                 limitations and future directions are also discussed.
                 Overall, DeepOtolith should be considered as the first
                 step towards building a community of marine ecologists,
                 machine learning experts, and stakeholders that will
                 collaborate to support the conservation of fishery
                 resources.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{DIglio:2022:BIA,
  author =       "Claudio D'Iglio and Marco Albano and Sergio Famulari
                 and Nunziacarla Span{\`o} and Paola Rinelli and Serena
                 Savoca and Gioele Capillo",
  title =        "Basic Intersexuality (Abnormal Hermaphroditism) in the
                 Blackmouth Catshark, \bioname{Galeus melastomus},
                 ({Rafinesque}, 1810), from the {Southern Tyrrhenian Sea
                 (Central Mediterranean Sea)}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "120",
  day =          "28",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030120",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/120",
  abstract =     "The present paper represents the first description of
                 abnormal hermaphroditism in Galeus melastomus
                 (Rafinesque, 1810). The black mouth cat shark specimen,
                 collected in summer from southern Tyrrhenian Sea at the
                 entrance of Salerno gulf, showed a basic intersexuality
                 characterized by the presence of male secondary and
                 female primary sexual characters. The reproductive
                 system has been described with an accurate
                 morphological analysis, also including a histological
                 assessment of oocytes. Results showed the presence of
                 only right clasper, not exceeding the pelvic fin in
                 length, with the absence of internal males' sexual
                 organs. Concerning the female primary characters, the
                 analysis of histological assessment showed the
                 structure of mature oocyte, confirming the maturity
                 stage of a mature female in active extruding stage, as
                 highlighted by the macroscopic morphological analysis.
                 Despite in many marine organisms' hermaphroditism is a
                 physiological condition showed by specimens during
                 their lifecycle, in Elasmobranchs this is considered an
                 abnormal condition, with some exceptions. The lack of
                 information on hermaphroditism in elasmobranchs form
                 the Mediterranean Sea requires an increase of
                 scientific community's attention, improving the
                 knowledge on the reproductive biology of this sensitive
                 taxon. This is essential to enhance the conservation of
                 elasmobranchs populations in the entire Mediterranean
                 basin.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xue:2022:IIC,
  author =       "Mingyang Xue and Zidong Xiao and Yiqun Li and Nan
                 Jiang and Wenzhi Liu and Yan Meng and Yuding Fan and
                 Lingbing Zeng and Yong Zhou",
  title =        "Isolation, Identification and Characteristics of
                 \bioname{Aeromonas caviae} from Diseased Largemouth
                 Bass (\bioname{Micropterus salmoides})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "119",
  day =          "28",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030119",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/119",
  abstract =     "The largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is one of
                 the most economically valuable fish species in China.
                 In this study, a bacterial pathogen was isolated from
                 the internal organs of diseased M. salmoides, and the
                 strain was named WH21406. This isolate was identified
                 as Aeromonas caviae on the basis of its morphology,
                 biochemical features and 16S rDNA phylogenetic
                 analysis. Four virulence genes related to
                 pathogenicity, namely, flagella (fla), elastase (ela),
                 haemolysin (hly) and aerolysin (aer), were detected in
                 this isolate. The median lethal dosage (LD50) of A.
                 caviae WH21406 for M. salmoides was calculated to be
                 3.46 $ \times $ 10 5 CFU mL {$-$1}. The
                 histopathological analysis showed obvious tissue damage
                 in the gill, liver, kidney, spleen and gut of the
                 diseased fish. The antibiotic susceptibility test
                 demonstrated that strain WH21406 was highly sensitive
                 to enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, streptomycin and
                 amikacin. The results of this study provide a
                 foundation for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment
                 of A. caviae infection in M. salmoides.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2022:FCM,
  author =       "Yingcen Li and Yunliang Miao and Xufang Liang and Shan
                 He",
  title =        "Functional Characterization and Molecular Marker
                 Development of the Proenkephalin as Biomarker of Food
                 Addiction in Food Habit Domestication of {Mandarin}
                 Fish (\bioname{Siniperca chuatsi})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "118",
  day =          "27",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030118",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/118",
  abstract =     "Proenkephalin (PENK), as the precursor of endogenous
                 opioid enkephalin (ENK), is widely present in the
                 nervous system and plays an important role in animal
                 food addiction and rewarding behavior. In our study, we
                 intend to study the functional characterization and
                 molecular marker development of the penk gene related
                 to food habit domestication of mandarin fish. We found
                 that the penk gene of mandarin fish had three types of
                 endogenous opioid peptide sequences. Compared with
                 other tissues, penk mRNA was highly expressed in the
                 whole brain. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of
                 lysine or methionine significantly increased the
                 expression of penk mRNA. The expression of penk mRNA in
                 the brain of mandarin fish that could be easily
                 domesticated from eating live prey fish to artificial
                 diets was significantly higher than those that could
                 not. After feeding with high-carbohydrate artificial
                 diets, the expression of penk mRNA showed no
                 significant difference between mandarin fish with
                 hypophagia and those that still ate normally. A total
                 of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) loci
                 related to easy domestication toward eating artificial
                 diets were screened from the mandarin fish population.
                 Additionally, the TT genotype at one of the loci was
                 significantly correlated with the food habit
                 domestication of mandarin fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Vallecillos:2022:DFM,
  author =       "Antonio Vallecillos and Emilio Mar{\'\i}a-Dolores and
                 Javier Villa and Francisco Miguel Rueda and Jos{\'e}
                 Carrillo and Guillermo Ramis and Mohamed Soula and Juan
                 Manuel Afonso and Eva Armero",
  title =        "Development of the First Microsatellite Multiplex
                 {PCR} Panel for Meagre (\bioname{Argyrosomus regius}),
                 a Commercial Aquaculture Species",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "117",
  day =          "24",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030117",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/117",
  abstract =     "In this study, a microsatellite-based multiplex PCR
                 panel for meagre (Argyrosomus regius) was developed as
                 a useful and single tool in parental assignment and
                 population studies. Twenty-one specific and
                 interspecific microsatellites from different
                 aquaculture species of meagre (Argyrosomus regius),
                 Japanese meagre (A. japonicus), red drum (Sciaenops
                 ocellatus) and yellow meagre (Acoupa weakfish) were
                 assessed for genetic variability, allelic range and
                 genotype reliability. Finally, a SuperMultiplex for
                 Argyrosomus regius (SMAr) was designed with only the
                 best eight microsatellite markers. The panel assessment
                 was performed using a batch of brood stock from one
                 company and a sample of 616 offspring. It was possible
                 to assign 95\% of the offspring to a single pair of
                 parents using the exclusion method. It is therefore
                 considered an easy procedure, and a powerful and
                 low-cost tool for parental assignment to support
                 companies' breeding programs and to exchange
                 information between research groups.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ho:2022:CRO,
  author =       "Ching-Hsien Ho",
  title =        "Climate Risks and Opportunities of the Marine Fishery
                 Industry: a Case Study in {Taiwan}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "116",
  day =          "21",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030116",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/116",
  abstract =     "As climate change and extreme weather intensify,
                 forecasting natural environmental changes involves high
                 uncertainty and variation. Planned policy changes and
                 the ability of fisheries to withstand these changes and
                 impacts are major challenges in regard to addressing
                 future climate hazards in Taiwan. Taiwan's geographic
                 location is favourable for the marine fishery industry,
                 which is an important primary industry and a source of
                 animal protein for residents of Taiwan. Recently, both
                 long-term climate change and extreme climate hazards
                 have led to shocks in the marine fishery industry. The
                 resulting instability of the industry directly affects
                 the market supply of and demand for seafood. We conduct
                 a case study of a marine fishery industry in Taiwan
                 that incorporates social concern assessments of risk
                 perception and judgements of risk acceptance through
                 risk management processes. Furthermore, we incorporate
                 stakeholder participatory processes to reduce the gap
                 in awareness of adaptation and to increase the
                 opportunity to reach consensus and develop an
                 integrated risk management model that enables
                 decision-makers to better meet the needs of society.
                 These measures will enhance all parties' willingness to
                 adapt and help achieve the goal of public--private
                 collaboration in facing climate change challenges.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Tang:2022:TSA,
  author =       "Xuemei Tang and Shulun Jiang and Henglin Wang and
                 Yanfeng Zhou and Fei Peng and Xizhao Zhang and Yifan
                 Zhou and Shiyue Guo and Yang You",
  title =        "Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis Reveals Dynamic
                 Changes in Major Biological Functions during the Early
                 Development of Clearhead Icefish, \bioname{Protosalanx
                 chinensis}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "115",
  day =          "21",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030115",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/115",
  abstract =     "Early development, when many important developmental
                 events occur, is a critical period for fish. However,
                 research on the early development of clearhead icefish
                 is very limited, especially in molecular research. In
                 this study, we aimed to explore the dynamic changes in
                 the biological functions of five key periods in
                 clearhead icefish early development, namely the YL
                 (embryonic), PM (first day after hatching), KK (fourth
                 day after hatching), LC (seventh day after hatching),
                 and SL (tenth day after hatching) stages, through
                 transcriptome sequencing and different analysis
                 strategies. A trend expression analysis and an
                 enrichment analysis revealed that the expression
                 ofgenes encoding G protein-coupled receptors and their
                 ligands, i.e., prss1\_2\_3, pomc, npy, npb, sst, rln3,
                 crh, gh, and prl that are associated with digestion and
                 feeding regulation gradually increased during early
                 development. In addition, a weighted gene co-expression
                 network analysis (WGCNA) showed that eleven modules
                 were significantly associated with early development,
                 among which nine modules were significantly positively
                 correlated. Through the enrichment analysis and hub
                 gene identification results of these nine modules, it
                 was found that the pathways related to eye, bone, and
                 heart development were significantly enriched in the YL
                 stage, and the ccnd2, seh1l, kdm6a, arf4, and ankrd28
                 genes that are associated with cell proliferation and
                 differentiation played important roles in these
                 developmental processes; the pak3, dlx3, dgat2, and
                 tas1r1 genes that are associated with jaw and tooth
                 development, TG (triacylglycerol) synthesis, and umami
                 amino acid receptors were identified as hub genes for
                 the PM stage; the pathways associated with aerobic
                 metabolism and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis were
                 significantly enriched in the KK stage, with the foxk,
                 slc13a2\_3\_5, ndufa5, and lsc2 genes playing important
                 roles; the pathways related to visual perception were
                 significantly enriched in the LC stage; and the bile
                 acid biosynthetic and serine-type peptidase activity
                 pathways were significantly enriched in the SL stage.
                 These results provide a more detailed understanding of
                 the processes of early development of clearhead
                 icefish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yang:2022:FVC,
  author =       "Tsung-Yu Yang and Hsing-Chun Lin and Wen-Hong Liu",
  title =        "The Fishery Value Chain Analysis in {Taiwan}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "114",
  day =          "16",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030114",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/114",
  abstract =     "Although the GDP of the fishery sector accounts for
                 less than 0.3\% of Taiwan's GDP, there are many
                 secondary and tertiary industries related to fisheries
                 that add great value to the country's economy.
                 Therefore, when analyzing and calculating the output
                 value and value added of the fishery sector, the
                 relevance of these upstream and downstream industries
                 should be considered jointly, and the value chain of
                 the fishery industry should be studied and analyzed in
                 order to truly present the value added created by
                 fishery. This study aims to do this by first analyzing
                 not only the primary fishery industry, but the value
                 chain of the fishery industry at different stages such
                 as fishery production, marine fishing, aquaculture,
                 fishery processing, retail and services, and supportive
                 systems. Then the value added of the whole fishery
                 value chain to Taiwan's GDP is estimated by using the
                 Leontief input--output model, from the perspective of
                 industry linkages and covering the period from 2011 to
                 2018. The empirical results suggest that the value
                 added created by fishery and related industries
                 accounted for 2.96\% of the GDP in 2011, which rose to
                 3.11\% in 2014, fell to 2.87\% in 2015, rose to 2.93\%
                 in 2017, and fell to 2.84\% in 2018. From 2011 to 2018,
                 the amount of value added created by fisheries and
                 related industries rose from NT$ 422.8 b i l l i o n t
                 o N T $ 520.9 billion. The primary fishery sector has
                 the largest contribution, followed by the fishery input
                 sector, and transportation and sale service sector, and
                 the fishery product processing sector has the lowest
                 contribution rate. The empirical results provide
                 important implications and references to the policy
                 makers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nguyen:2022:UFP,
  author =       "Thi Hanh Nguyen and San-Lang Wang and Thi Huyen Nguyen
                 and Manh Dung Doan and Thi Ha Trang Tran and Van Anh
                 Ngo and Nhat Duoc Ho and Thi Ngoc Tran and Chien Thang
                 Doan and Van Chung Do and Anh Dzung Nguyen and Van Bon
                 Nguyen",
  title =        "Utilization of Fishery-Processing By-Product Squid
                 Pens for Scale-Up Production of Phenazines via
                 Microbial Conversion and Its Novel Potential
                 Antinematode Effect",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "113",
  day =          "15",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030113",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/113",
  abstract =     "Fishery by-products (FBPs) have been increasingly
                 investigated for the extraction and production of a
                 vast array of active molecules. The aim of this study
                 was to produce phenazine compounds from FBPs via
                 microbial fermentation and assess their novel
                 antinematode effect. Among various FBPs, squid pen
                 powder (SPP) was discovered as the most suitable
                 substrate for phenazine production by Pseudomonas
                 aeruginosa TUN03 fermentation. Various small-scale
                 experiments conducted in flasks for phenazine
                 production indicated that the most suitable was the
                 newly designed liquid medium which included 1\% SPP,
                 0.05\% MgSO 4, and 0.1\% Ca 3 (PO 4) 2 (initial pH 7).
                 Phenazines were further studied for scale-up
                 bioproduction in a 14 L bioreactor system resulting in
                 a high yield (22.73 {\SGMLmicro}g/mL) in a much shorter
                 cultivation time (12 h). In the fermented culture
                 broth, hemi-pyocyanin (HPC) was detected as a major
                 phenazine compound with an area percentage of 11.28\%
                 in the crude sample. In the bioactivity tests, crude
                 phenazines and HPC demonstrate novel potential
                 nematicidal activity against black pepper nematodes,
                 inhibiting both juveniles (J2) nematodes and egg
                 hatching. The results of this work suggest a novel use
                 of SPP for cost-effective bioproduction of HPC, a novel
                 potential nematodes inhibitor. Moreover, the
                 combination of MgSO 4 and Ca 3 (PO 4) 2 was also found
                 to be a novel salt composition that significantly
                 enhanced phenazine yield by P. aeruginosa fermentation
                 in this work.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhu:2022:IOD,
  author =       "Yahua Zhu and Tao Jiang and Xiubao Chen and Hongbo Liu
                 and Quinton Phelps and Jian Yang",
  title =        "Inter-Otolith Differences in Strontium Markings: a
                 Case Study on the Juvenile Crucian Carp
                 \bioname{Carassius carassius} ({Linnaeus}, 1758)",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "112",
  day =          "15",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030112",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Wed Jul 6 07:29:57 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/3/112",
  abstract =     "The release of hatchery-reared fish fry for restocking
                 is important for the enrichment of fishery resources;
                 however, the effective evaluation of the success rate
                 of marking such fish is challenging. We exposed
                 juvenile crucian carp (Carassius carassius) to a single
                 concentration of SrCl 2 {\cdot}6H 2 O for 5 d and
                 evaluated the efficiency of Sr marking of the fish
                 otoliths (sagittae, asterisci, and lapilli) using an
                 electron probe micro-analyzer. Sr marking signatures
                 formed a peak in all otolith types, with a marking
                 success rate of 100\%. The ratio of Sr to Ca in the
                 lapilli and sagittae was higher than that in the
                 asterisci. It took 2 d from the beginning of immersion
                 to the deposition of Sr on the lapilli and sagittae,
                 and the time delay for asterisci was 1 d. For the
                 lapilli and sagittae, it took 16 d to terminate Sr
                 marking and fully recover to the pre-marking Sr level,
                 whereas it was 12 d for the asterisci. The application
                 of the Sr dose had no effect on the survival or growth
                 of the carp. This study demonstrated that the lapilli
                 are the most suitable otolith type for Sr marking
                 observations in crucian carp and provides a theoretical
                 basis and technical support for carp restocking using
                 the Sr marking approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Guimaraes:2022:OAP,
  author =       "Mateus Cardoso Guimar{\~a}es and Isabel M. Cerezo and
                 Miguel Frederico Fernandez-Alarcon and Mariene Miyoko
                 Natori and Luciana Yuri Sato and Camila A. T. Kato and
                 Miguel Angel Mori{\~n}igo and Silvana Tapia-Paniagua
                 and Danielle de Carla Dias and Carlos Massatoshi
                 Ishikawa and Maria Jos{\'e} T. Ranzani-Paiva and Luara
                 Lucena Cassiano and Erna Elisabeth Bach and
                 Patr{\'\i}cia B. Clissa and Daniele P. Orefice and
                 Leonardo Tachibana",
  title =        "Oral Administration of Probiotics (\bioname{Bacillus
                 subtilis} and \bioname{Lactobacillus plantarum}) in
                 \geoname{Nile} Tilapia (\bioname{Oreochromis
                 niloticus}) Vaccinated and Challenged with
                 \bioname{Streptococcus agalactiae}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "211",
  day =          "22",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040211",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/211",
  abstract =     "Streptococcus agalactiae is an important bacterial
                 pathogen in intensive Nile tilapia production, causing
                 high mortality rates and great economic losses. This
                 work aimed to evaluate the Nile tilapia vaccination
                 against S. agalactiae and fed with ration containing
                 probiotic AQUA PHOTO {\reg} composed of Bacillus
                 subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum, on the immune
                 response action and gut microbiota. The experimental
                 design was completely randomized with five treatments
                 (CON = control; ADJ = adjuvant; PRO = probiotic; VAC =
                 vaccine; PRO + VAC = probiotic + vaccine) and five
                 replicates. The vaccine (bacterin + adjuvant) was
                 injected after 21 days (21d) of probiotic feeding and
                 the vaccine was booster 14 days post-vaccination (35d).
                 After 14 days of the booster (49d), the fish were
                 challenged with S. agalactiae and observed for more
                 than 14 days, completing 63 days. The immunized group
                 showed a better survival rate (CON 40\%; ADJ 57\%; PRO
                 67\%; VAC 87\%; PRO + VAC 97\%). The treatments VAC and
                 PRO + VAC, after booster produced higher levels of IgM
                 antibodies compared with the control from the same
                 time. The combination of probiotic and vaccination
                 provided better protection against S. agalactiae
                 infection, directly affecting the gut microbiological
                 profile. These results indicated the contribution of
                 probiotic to the adaptive immune response through the
                 modulation of the intestinal microbiota, improving the
                 effect of the vaccination. In conclusion, AQUA PHOTO
                 {\reg}, composed of B. subtilis and L. plantarum,
                 orally administered to Nile tilapia vaccinated against
                 and challenged with S. agalactiae increases protection
                 from infection and modifies the intestinal microbiota
                 profile of the host, promoting the microbiota balance
                 and improving adaptive immune response.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lokovsek:2022:IFE,
  author =       "Ana Lokov{\v{s}}ek and Martina Orlando-Bonaca and
                 Domen Trkov and Lovrenc Lipej",
  title =        "An Insight into the Feeding Ecology of
                 \bioname{Serranus scriba}, a Shallow Water Mesopredator
                 in the {Northern Adriatic Sea}, with a Non-Destructive
                 Method",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "210",
  day =          "20",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040210",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/210",
  abstract =     "Serranus scriba is a common member of the coastal fish
                 community in the Adriatic Sea, but knowledge about its
                 feeding ecology is scarce. The aim of this paper is to
                 present new evidence about its food preferences and
                 feeding habits. An innovative non-destructive method of
                 fecal pellet analysis was used for this study. This
                 method does not require sacrificing specimens and the
                 fish can be released back into the sea alive after the
                 laboratory work. The results demonstrated that S.
                 scriba mainly preys on decapods, followed by
                 polychaetes, isopods, fish, mollusks and swarming
                 shrimps. The calculated index of trophic diversity
                 (ITD) value of 0.89 indicates that it is an
                 opportunistic feeder that feeds on a wide range of
                 different prey. According to the calculated trophic
                 level of 3.43, which is higher than that of other
                 members of the community, S. scriba is also an
                 important piscivorous predator. With age, S. scriba
                 undergoes an ontogenetic shift. The proportion of
                 crustaceans, gastropods and polychaetes decreases with
                 age and body size, while the proportion of fish
                 increases.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Garcia-Marquez:2022:FEA,
  author =       "Jorge Garc{\'\i}a-M{\'a}rquez and Isabel M. Cerezo and
                 F{\'e}lix L. Figueroa and Roberto Te{\'o}filo
                 Abdala-D{\'\i}az and Salvador Arijo",
  title =        "First Evaluation of Associated Gut Microbiota in Wild
                 Thick-Lipped Grey Mullets (\bioname{Chelon labrosus},
                 {Risso} 1827)",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "209",
  day =          "19",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040209",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/209",
  abstract =     "This study aimed to characterize the intestinal
                 microbiota of wild thick-lipped grey mullets (Chelon
                 labrosus) and explore its potential functionality on
                 the host. Intestinal contents of anterior and posterior
                 sections from wild fish were collected and DNA was
                 extracted. Subsequently, the V3--V4 regions of 16S rRNA
                 were sequenced using the Illumina technology and
                 results were analyzed by bioinformatics pipeline. The
                 functional profile of the microbial community was
                 analyzed using PICRUSt software. Shannon and Simpson
                 diversity indices were significantly higher in the
                 posterior section of wild specimens. The overall
                 taxonomic composition suggests a certain homogeneity in
                 the anterior section of the intestine and heterogeneity
                 in the posterior section. Due to this, no statistical
                 differences were detected at any level among both
                 intestinal sections. Predicted functions of intestinal
                 microbiota showed the most abundant were those related
                 to amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism,
                 energy metabolism, membrane transport, and cell
                 replication and repair. Furthermore, the analysis
                 revealed microbial functional genes related to the
                 elimination of environmental toxins.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Garcia-Fernandez:2022:UDG,
  author =       "Cristina Garc{\'\i}a-Fern{\'a}ndez and Rosario
                 Dom{\'\i}nguez-Petit and Fran Saborido-Rey",
  title =        "The Use of Daily Growth to Analyze Individual Spawning
                 Dynamics in an Asynchronous Population: The Case of the
                 {European} Hake from the Southern Stock",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "208",
  day =          "18",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040208",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/208",
  abstract =     "Daily growth patterns and their relationship with
                 reproduction was analyzed in the European hake from the
                 Galician Shelf, where it shows a very protracted
                 spawning with three spawning peaks. The daily growth
                 analysis was performed in otoliths of adult females on
                 the transversal section of the sagittae otolith. Daily
                 increments were measured from the border to the nucleus
                 in females until they were discernible. Results show
                 that daily growth of females decreases during the
                 spawning period because they allocate less energy to
                 somatic growth in favor of the production of gametes,
                 with an increase in growth in July. Lastly, daily
                 growth individual trends showed a ``spawning pattern''
                 in 28\% of medium and large females, suggesting an
                 individual spawning period of one to two months, with
                 4--5 valleys of narrow daily increments, likely
                 associated to batch release: individual spawning
                 frequency would be 4--5 days. This is the first time
                 that individual spawning frequency in hake is estimated
                 based on individual data. Finally, the spawning pattern
                 is detected only once per year, indicating that a
                 single female participates only in one spawning peak
                 per year, supporting the hypothesis of the existence of
                 two or more spawning components in the stock.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pang:2022:CUL,
  author =       "Yangyang Pang and Chao Niu and Lifeng Wu and Yameng
                 Song and Xiaozhe Song and Ao-ya Shi and Xingliang Shi
                 and Zong-wen Wu and Boping Tang and Xiaozhen Yang and
                 Yongxu Cheng",
  title =        "Comprehensive Utilization of Land Resources for
                 Photovoltaic Power Generation to Culture {Chinese}
                 Mitten Crab (\bioname{Eriocheir sinensis}): Growth
                 Performance, Nutritional Composition and Tissue Color",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "207",
  day =          "18",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040207",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/207",
  abstract =     "The assertive growth of photovoltaics (PV) will occupy
                 a lot of land resources. There is also a needed land
                 resource to expand the culturing area of Eriocheir
                 sinensis. The aquavoltaic systems offer a potential
                 solution to integrate PV power and E. sinensis
                 culturing. In this study, we cultured E. sinensis in an
                 area of PV panels (PV group) and an area with no PV
                 panels (control group), respectively. The results
                 showed that the weight gain rate, body length, body
                 width, and meat yield of male crabs in the PV group
                 significantly increases. In addition, the moisture of
                 muscles, hepatopancreas, and testes in the PV group has
                 significantly increased, and the total lipids of the
                 hepatopancreas and muscles in the PV group were
                 significantly decreased. Moreover, the PV panels
                 affected the content of eight amino acids in different
                 tissues, including Met, Arg, Cys, Pro, Gly, Leu, Tyr,
                 and His. In addition, several saturated fatty acids
                 (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and
                 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) had been
                 significantly influenced by the PV panels.
                 {\SGMLsum}MUFA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA),
                 {\SGMLsum}n-3 PUFA, {\SGMLsum}n-6 PUFA, and n-3/n-6
                 PUFA ratio ($ p < 0.05$) in the PV group had
                 significantly decreased. The results of tissue color
                 showed that the L* value of ovaries was significantly
                 higher than in the control group, and a* and b* values
                 of hepatopancreas were significantly lower. In
                 conclusion, PV panels could promote growth performance
                 and amino acid nutrition of crabs. However, the PV
                 panels had a few negative influences on the fatty acid
                 composition and tissue color.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2022:EAA,
  author =       "Mingshuai Li and Shihui Wang and Zhigang Zhao and
                 Liang Luo and Rui Zhang and Kun Guo and Lanlan Zhang
                 and Yuhong Yang",
  title =        "Effects of Alkalinity on the Antioxidant Capacity,
                 Nonspecific Immune Response and Tissue Structure of
                 {Chinese} Mitten Crab \bioname{Eriocheir sinensis}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "206",
  day =          "18",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040206",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/206",
  abstract =     "The effects of various levels of alkalinity stress (0,
                 18.25, 35.41, 52.53 and 69.74 mmol/L) in Chinese mitten
                 crab (Eriocheir sinensis) were investigated by means of
                 measuring hepatopancreas antioxidant system and serum
                 nonspecific immune system-related indices at 0, 12, 24,
                 48 and 96 h, hepatopancreas tissue structure at 96 h.
                 The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase
                 (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and aspartate aminotransferase
                 (AST) in each concentration group generally showed a
                 trend of a first increasing and then decreasing during
                 the 96-h stress process ($ p < 0.05$)1, while no
                 significant changes were observed in the blank group
                 during this period ($ p > 0.05$). The activities of
                 CAT, GSH and AST in all treatment reached peak values
                 at 24--48 h. At 96 h of alkalinity stress, the
                 activities of GSH, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), acid
                 phosphatise (ACP) and alkaline phosphatise (AKP) in the
                 18.25 mmol/L group were not significantly different
                 with the control group ($ p < 0.05$). The activities of
                 SOD and CAT in the 52.53 and 69.74 mmol/L treatment
                 were significantly lower than those in the control
                 group ($ p < 0.05$), and the level of total antioxidant
                 capacity(T-AOC), ALT, ACP and AKP in the 69.74 mmol/L
                 group were significantly higher than those in the other
                 groups ($ p < 0.05$). Hepatopancreatic histological
                 observation showed that the hepatopancreas of E.
                 sinensis in the control group was normal. With
                 increasing alkalinity, the basal membrane of the
                 hepatopancreas fell off or even ruptured. Additionally,
                 the number of hepatopancreas vacuoles increased, the
                 volume of B cells and their internal transport vesicles
                 increased, epithelial cells disintegrated, and the
                 nucleus gradually shrank. E. sinensis can activate
                 antioxidant and nonspecific immune systems to adapt to
                 alkalinity stress. However, oxidative stress, immune
                 system damage and hepatopancreas structure damage were
                 caused when the stress exceeded the adaptive capacity
                 of the body.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mahu:2022:CRA,
  author =       "Edem Mahu and Salieu Sanko and Allieubakarr Kamara and
                 Ernest Obeng Chuku and Elizabeth Effah and Zacharie
                 Sohou and Yaovi Zounon and Victoria Akinjogunla and
                 Ruth Oluwatoyin Akinnigbagbe and Hamet Diaw Diadhiou
                 and Robert Marchant",
  title =        "Climate Resilience and Adaptation in {West African}
                 Oyster Fisheries: An Expert-Based Assessment of the
                 Vulnerability of the Oyster \bioname{Crassostrea
                 tulipa} to Climate Change",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "205",
  day =          "16",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040205",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/205",
  abstract =     "Globally, over 85\% of oyster reefs have been lost,
                 and the combined effects of climate change, ocean
                 acidification, and environmental degradation, including
                 pollution and mangrove overharvesting, could further
                 reduce global oyster fisheries in the coming decades.
                 To understand the level of impact of climate change on
                 the oyster fishery in West Africa, an expert-based
                 vulnerability assessment to climate change was
                 conducted for the West African mangrove oyster
                 (Crassostrea tulipa, Lamarck 1819). Using a combination
                 of the exposure of the oyster to climatic stressors
                 (estuarine temperature, salinity, river flow, surface
                 run-off, sea level rise, and estuarine circulation)
                 together with an assessment of sensitivity to these
                 stressors, we estimate the overall vulnerability of C.
                 tulipa to climate change. A very high overall climate
                 vulnerability score of 12 on a scale of 16 was
                 calculated for C. tulipa. While the overall climate
                 exposure score in the West African coastal region
                 remained high, the high sensitivity of C. tulipa to
                 hydrographic conditions of its habitat, in particular
                 salinity, coupled with its sessile and habitat-specific
                 nature, pushed the overall vulnerability to very high.
                 Early life history settlement requirements, adult
                 mobility, and sensitivity to salinity were the three
                 most important biological and sensitivity attributes
                 that determined the vulnerability score. By leaving
                 each of these three sensitivity attributes out of the
                 analysis, the overall vulnerability score was reduced
                 to 9 (i.e., from very high to high). A negative
                 directional effect of climate change, coupled with a
                 low potential for change in distribution, threatens the
                 C. tulipa fishery in a long-term adverse climate
                 scenario. We recommend management efforts that
                 incorporate climate resilience and adaptation practices
                 to prioritize recruitment success, as well as the
                 development of breeding lines with climate-resilient
                 traits.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Armas:2022:IFP,
  author =       "Elier Armas and Hugo Arancibia and Sergio Neira",
  title =        "Identification and Forecast of Potential Fishing
                 Grounds for Anchovy (\bioname{Engraulis ringens}) in
                 {Northern Chile} Using Neural Networks Modeling",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "204",
  day =          "15",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040204",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/204",
  abstract =     "Engraulis ringens (E. ringens) is a small pelagic fish
                 of which the geographic and bathymetric distribution is
                 conditioned by fluctuations in oceanographic conditions
                 at different time scales (daily, weekly, monthly,
                 annually, supra-annually, and longer) and by fishing.
                 Understanding the {organism$-$ environment}
                 interactions and predicting the spatial distribution of
                 its schools can improve conservation actions and
                 fishery management, along with the operation of the
                 fleets targeting E. ringens. There is an important
                 fishery of E. ringens in Northern Chile ({18$^\circ
                 $}21{\prime} S--{26$^\circ $}00{\prime} S), which
                 provides about 80\% of the purse seine catch. To
                 identify and predict potential fishing grounds for E.
                 ringens in this system, we implemented a predictive
                 model of fishing grounds based on neural networks,
                 which was trained with the georeferenced data of daily
                 catches by industrial purse sein ships from 2003 to
                 2020 and information on oceanographic variables (sea
                 surface temperature, salinity, depth of the mixed
                 layer, sea height, and currents) obtained from the
                 Copernicus Marine Enviroment Monitoring Service (CMEMS
                 program). The neural network model had a very good
                 performance (86\%). Longitude (23\%) was the most
                 relevant variable for identifying potential fishing
                 grounds, followed by the mixed layer depth (18\%),
                 latitude (15\%), sea surface temperature (12\%), month
                 (12\%), sea height (9\%), salinity (9\%), and the zonal
                 and meridional components of the current velocity
                 (2\%). The neural network model classified correctly
                 the majority of the areas with and without fishing
                 potential; thus, its use is recommended to predict
                 fishing grounds for E. ringens in the study area. Its
                 application could increase by 88\% of the probability
                 of capture anchovy by the purse seine fleet of Northern
                 Chile.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2022:EDC,
  author =       "Mingliang Zhang and Xinyi Wu and Shaowei Zhai",
  title =        "Effect of Dietary Compound Acidifiers Supplementation
                 on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters,
                 and Body Composition of Juvenile {American} Eel
                 (\bioname{Anguilla rostrata})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "203",
  day =          "12",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040203",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/203",
  abstract =     "As growth-promoting feed additives, compound
                 acidifiers (CAs) have been widely reported in many
                 farmed fish species, whereas there is little
                 information on the application of CAs in the eel diet.
                 The present trial was conducted to evaluate the
                 supplementation effects of CAs on growth performance,
                 serum biochemical parameters, and body composition of
                 the juvenile American eel (Anguilla rostrata). The CAs
                 supplementation levels in the diet of American eel were
                 0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 g/kg, respectively. The trial
                 lasted for 12 weeks. The most beneficial effects of CAs
                 on promoting growth performance, decreasing levels of
                 serum lipid, modifying parameters of the liver function
                 and immune function in the serum, and increasing the
                 utilization of calcium and phosphorus in the diet were
                 observed in the fish fed with 4.0 g/kg CAs. Dietary CAs
                 supplementation had no significant effects on the body
                 composition of whole fish, whereas 5.0 g/kg of dietary
                 CAs supplementation exerted negative effects on growth
                 performance, serum biochemical parameters, and
                 utilization of calcium and phosphorus. The recommended
                 level of CAs in the diet was 3.5--3.7 g/kg to achieve
                 the optimal weight gain and feed conversion ratio for
                 the juvenile American eel.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Huang:2022:DPM,
  author =       "Dongyu Huang and Hualiang Liang and Jian Zhu and
                 Mingchun Ren and Xianping Ge",
  title =        "Dietary Protein Modifies Hepatic Glycolipid
                 Metabolism, Intestinal Immune Response, and Resistance
                 to \bioname{Streptococcus agalactiae} of Genetically
                 Improved Farmed Tilapia ({GIFT}: \bioname{Oreochromis
                 niloticus}) Exposed to High Temperature",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "202",
  day =          "12",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040202",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/202",
  abstract =     "The present study investigates the effects of dietary
                 protein levels on glucolipid metabolism, immune
                 function, and resistance to Streptococcus agalactiae of
                 genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) exposed to
                 high temperature. Six practical diets were prepared to
                 feed 360 fish (initial weight 43.78 {\pm} 0.12 g) with
                 graded protein levels (26.45\%, 29.28\%, 31.69\%,
                 33.68\%, 36.18\%, and 38.75\% dry matter). The results
                 showed that 26.45\% dietary protein significantly
                 improved glycolysis by increasing PK mRNA levels, while
                 the 29.28\% and 31.69\% dietary protein levels promoted
                 gluconeogenesis by increasing PEPCK and G6Pase mRNA
                 levels. For lipid metabolism, 26.45\% dietary protein
                 enhanced lipid synthesis by increasing PPAR-{\gamma},
                 SREBP1c, and FAS mRNA levels, while 31.69\% dietary
                 protein enhanced the level of lipolysis by increasing
                 the PPAR-{\alpha} and CPT1 mRNA levels. The highest
                 plasma TG and TC contents were observed in the 29.28\%
                 and 31.69\% dietary protein groups, respectively. In
                 terms of antioxidants and immunity, the 31.69\% dietary
                 protein level activated the expression levels of HSP90
                 mRNA, thus increasing the expression levels of
                 antioxidant-related genes (CAT, SOD, and GPx), and
                 upregulating the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 mRNA
                 levels. In addition, regarding the antioxidant enzymes,
                 the highest GSH content was found in the 29.28\%
                 dietary protein group, while the 31.69\% dietary
                 protein group had the maximum GSH-Px activity. The
                 lowest plasma ALT and AST activities were observed in
                 the 31.69\% dietary protein group. Ultimately, the
                 survival rate of juvenile GIFT fed 31.69\% dietary
                 protein was highest after a Streptococcus agalactiae
                 challenge. Overall, 29.28--31.69\% dietary protein was
                 recommended in the diet of GIFT in a high-temperature
                 environment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Iqbal:2022:IDF,
  author =       "Usama Iqbal and Daoliang Li and Muhammad Akhter",
  title =        "Intelligent Diagnosis of Fish Behavior Using Deep
                 Learning Method",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "201",
  day =          "11",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040201",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/201",
  abstract =     "Scientific methods are used to monitor fish growth and
                 behavior and reduce the loss caused by stress and other
                 circumstances. Conventional techniques are
                 time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to
                 accidents. Deep learning (DL) technology is rapidly
                 gaining popularity in various fields, including
                 aquaculture. Moving towards smart fish farming
                 necessitates the precise and accurate identification of
                 fish biodiversity. Observing fish behavior in real time
                 is imperative to make better feeding decisions. The
                 proposed study consists of an efficient end-to-end
                 convolutional neural network (CNN) classifying fish
                 behavior into the normal and starvation categories. The
                 performance of the CNN is evaluated by varying the
                 number of fully connected (FC) layers with or without
                 applying max-pooling operation. The accuracy of the
                 detection algorithm is increased by 10\% by
                 incorporating three FC layers and max pooling
                 operation. The results demonstrated that the shallow
                 architecture of the CNN model, which employs a
                 max-pooling function with more FC layers, exhibits
                 promising performance and achieves 98\% accuracy. The
                 presented system is a novel step in laying the
                 foundation for an automated behavior identification
                 system in modern fish farming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sung:2022:PTF,
  author =       "Wei-Ying Sung and Hsiao-Chien Lee and Wen-Hong Liu",
  title =        "The Path from Traditional Fisheries to Ecotourism in
                 {Cimei Island}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "200",
  day =          "10",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040200",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/200",
  abstract =     "Cimei Island is a second-class outlying island. In
                 recent years, due to the lack of coastal fishery
                 resources and restrictions on traffic and climate, the
                 traditional fishery and tourism industries that
                 residents rely on for a living have faced challenges.
                 This research is based on the Barbados Programme of
                 Action, from the perspective of environmental
                 conservation, industrial economy, and social
                 development in sustainable development, and from the
                 perspective of local stakeholders, to construct a
                 sustainable tourism action approach and development
                 mechanism in Cimei Island. A qualitative research
                 method was adopted. Various sources of data, including
                 focus discussions and in-depth interviews with local
                 stakeholders, textual materials, and field
                 observations, were collected and analyzed. The results
                 are as follows: (1) Cimei faces great threats in
                 social, economic, and environmental aspects, which has
                 led to Cimei Islands' promotion of permanent
                 development. (2) The current development of Cimei
                 cannot effectively drive industrial development or the
                 transformation of fishing villages. However, residents
                 are worried that overdevelopment will impact the
                 ecological environment and lifestyle on the Islands.
                 (3) Cimei's sustainable tourism development approach
                 should be to first take inventory of the ecological
                 environment and cultural resources, plan related
                 environmental laws and regulations, and finally, use
                 sustainable tourism to drive industrial development to
                 carry out island development.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Giovos:2022:UGN,
  author =       "Ioannis Giovos and Roxani Naasan Aga-Spyridopoulou and
                 Fabrizio Serena and Alen Soldo and Adi Barash and
                 Nikolaos Doumpas and Georgios A. Gkafas and Dimitra
                 Katsada and George Katselis and Periklis Kleitou and
                 Vasileios Minasidis and Yannis P. Papastamatiou and
                 Eleana Touloupaki and Dimitrios K. Moutopoulos",
  title =        "An Updated {Greek} National Checklist of
                 Chondrichthyans",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "199",
  day =          "09",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040199",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/199",
  abstract =     "Accurate checklists of species are essential for
                 evaluating their conservation status and for
                 understanding more about their distribution, biology
                 and ecology and, therefore, the first step in order to
                 effectively protect them. According to the existing
                 literature, the Greek seas are rich in chondrichthyan
                 biodiversity and herein, we update the most recent
                 chondrichthyan checklist for the country regarding the
                 species that are present in the Greek waters, correct
                 unvalidated miscellaneous sightings and observations
                 and provide guidelines about future research to improve
                 their conservation. In total, 330 sources were
                 collected from which 276 were used for further
                 analysis, resulting in 1485 records of 67 species,
                 among which 61 are confirmed by experts, including 34
                 sharks, 26 batoids and one chimaera. We are further
                 listing six species as ``Questionable/Not
                 Confirmed''.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2022:DMP,
  author =       "Bin Wang and Hanping Mao and Jian Zhao and Yong Liu
                 and Yafei Wang and Xiaoxue Du",
  title =        "Designing a Multi-Parameter Method to Assess the
                 Adaptation Period of Crucian Carp under Stress
                 Conditions of the Bionic Robot Fish",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "198",
  day =          "08",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040198",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/198",
  abstract =     "Changes in the physiological and behavioral states of
                 fish are affected by foreign substances. Therefore,
                 fish need a certain adaptation period to eliminate the
                 stress response. Herein, in order to determine the
                 adaptation period, the bionic robot fish was used to
                 obtain behavioral information about crucian carp, which
                 was tested at five time points (1st, 7th, 14th, 21st
                 and 28th day) within 28 days. First, the fear response
                 and exploratory behavior of crucian carp affected by
                 three-color bionic robot fish were explored. Then,
                 according to the measurement results of the behavior,
                 morphology, and feeding, and the physiological and
                 biochemical properties of the crucian carp, a
                 multi-parameter evaluation method was proposed to
                 determine the adaptation period of the crucian carp
                 under this monitoring mode. The results showed that
                 more than 4 areas were occupied by crucian carp from
                 the 21st day. From the 16th day, the number of crucian
                 carp swimming with clear outlines gradually increased.
                 The number of abnormal swimming occurrences decreased
                 on day 13. More than 80\% of the crucian carp body
                 color returned to dark on the 23rd day. The crucian
                 carp did not respond to food until day 19, when most of
                 the crucian carp began to scramble for food. Food
                 consumption reached more than two thirds on day 22. In
                 addition, glucose and total protein leveled off after
                 day 21, when mean hemoglobin levels were highest.
                 Triglycerides showed a trend of first decreasing and
                 then increasing. The pigmented area of the skin section
                 gradually decreases and eventually stabilizes. In
                 summary, it takes at least 23 days for the crucian carp
                 to adapt to the influence of the bionic robot fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Axling:2022:BZL,
  author =       "Johanna Axling and Hampus Jakobsson and Natalia Frymus
                 and Per-Ove Th{\"o}rnqvist and Erik Petersson and
                 Svante Winberg",
  title =        "Boldness in Zebrafish Larvae---Development and
                 Differences between a Domesticated Lab Strain and
                 Offspring of Wild-Caught Fish",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "197",
  day =          "08",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040197",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/197",
  abstract =     "Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are becoming one of the most
                 important model organisms in behavioural neuroscience.
                 It has been shown repeatedly that different zebrafish
                 strains show large behavioural differences. These
                 divergent behavioural profiles may have a genetic
                 basis, but environmental factors and previous
                 experience are also known to greatly affect the
                 behavioural phenotype of zebrafish. It could be
                 expected that behavioural differences at the larval
                 stage should be less affected by environmental factors
                 and experience. In the present study, we screened
                 larvae of zebrafish of the AB strain and offspring of
                 wild-caught zebrafish for boldness, using an open field
                 test. In order to follow the behavioural development,
                 we studied larvae at the age of 5-, 7-, 12- and 30-days
                 post fertilization (dpf). Behaviour, as well as
                 behavioural development, clearly differed between the
                 larvae of the different strains. Wild larvae showed
                 larger total distance moved than AB larvae, both at
                 light and dark conditions. These differences were
                 already present at 12 dpf but became more pronounced
                 with age. Wild larvae had a greater variance compared
                 to AB larvae for most of the variables. We have
                 previously shown that bold and shy adult zebrafish
                 differ in the brain expression of dopamine and opioid
                 receptors. The results of the current study show that
                 wild larvae display significantly higher brain
                 expression of drd2b than AB larvae at 30 dpf, a
                 difference that could be related to differences in
                 activity. We did not detect any differences in the
                 expression of opioid receptors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhou:2022:MCN,
  author =       "Xiaomei Zhou and Dafang Zhao and Yuan Chen and Yangbo
                 Xiao and Zhuangwen Mao and Shenping Cao and Fufa Qu and
                 Yutong Li and Junyan Jin and Zhen Liu and Jianzhong Li
                 and Zhimin He",
  title =        "Molecular Characterization and Nutrition Regulation of
                 the Glutamine Synthetase Gene in Triploid Crucian
                 Carp",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "196",
  day =          "08",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040196",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/196",
  abstract =     "Glutamine synthetase (GS) is a key enzyme that
                 catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate,
                 which plays a role in the promotion of muscle cell
                 growth and in improving the flavor of meats. In this
                 study, a GS gene encoding 371 amino acids was cloned
                 from triploid crucian carp and showed the highest level
                 of similarity with the GS gene found in Cyprinus
                 carpio. Meanwhile, GS was differentially expressed in
                 different tissues, and its day--night expression
                 changes showed obvious oscillation. Additionally, the
                 effects of glutamate and glutamine on GS expression in
                 muscle cells were investigated in vitro and in vivo. We
                 found that its expression was obviously increased due
                 to high levels of glutamate (2 mg/mL) but decreased by
                 glutamine in vitro. However, it was significantly
                 promoted by glutamate and glutamine in vivo, with an
                 optimal concentration of 2\%. Furthermore, the use of
                 lysine--glutamate dipeptides as feed additives also had
                 a positive influence on GS expression (the optimal
                 concentration is 0.8\%). Finally, we explored the
                 effects of different protein levels and sources on the
                 expression of GS, and the results demonstrated that GS
                 had the highest expression at the 35\% protein level,
                 but no significant differences were observed in the
                 different protein sources between the fish meal diet
                 (FM) and the mixed diet comprising soybean meal and
                 rapeseed meal (SM). This study sheds new light on the
                 regulation of GS in teleost fish and provides new
                 perceptions and strategies for the formulation of
                 high-quality feed for triploid crucian carp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jhan:2022:PCD,
  author =       "Hao-Tang Jhan and Hsin-Ta Lee and Kuo-Huan Ting",
  title =        "The Potential Compatibility of Designating Offshore
                 Wind Farms within Wider Marine Protected
                 Areas---Conservation of the {Chinese} White Dolphin
                 Regarding Fishers' Perception",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "195",
  day =          "05",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040195",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/195",
  abstract =     "The population of the Chinese white dolphin along
                 Taiwan's west coast is under a range of threats. The
                 designation of marine protected areas (MPA) is urgently
                 required for their protection. However, conflicts
                 between specific species conservation and fishing
                 rights mean that the success of such a designation
                 relies on the fishers' perceptions and awareness of an
                 MPA. Designating offshore wind farms within MPAs can be
                 a mechanism for minimizing conflicts between fisheries
                 and conservation. The purpose of this study is to
                 examine the potential for designating an offshore wind
                 farm within an MPA for Chinese white dolphin
                 conservation by exploring the attitudes of local
                 fishers. This study used face-to-face questionnaires.
                 The results show that the main challenges are conflicts
                 of interest, insufficient science-based information,
                 and inadequate law enforcement. Offshore wind farms
                 could be a way to maximize the benefits for different
                 stakeholders and positively impact the marine
                 environment and ecosystem. This study makes feasible
                 recommendations on how to improve conservation, promote
                 renewable energy, and encourage sustainable
                 fisheries.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lopes:2022:DEF,
  author =       "Ana F. Lopes and Robyn Murdoch and Sara
                 Martins-Cardoso and Carolina Madeira and Pedro M. Costa
                 and Ana S. F{\'e}lix and Rui F. Oliveira and Narcisa M.
                 Bandarra and Catarina Vinagre and Ana R. Lopes and
                 Emanuel J. Gon{\c{c}}alves and Ana Margarida Faria",
  title =        "Differential Effects of Food Restriction and Warming
                 in the Two-Spotted Goby: Impaired Reproductive
                 Performance and Stressed Offspring",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "194",
  day =          "05",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040194",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/194",
  abstract =     "Climate change is a growing threat to marine organisms
                 and ecosystems, and it is already modifying ocean
                 properties by, for example, increasing temperature and
                 decreasing pH. Increasing water temperature may also
                 lead to an impairment of primary productivity and an
                 overall depletion of available zooplankton.
                 Understanding how the crossover between warming and
                 zooplankton availability impacts fish populations has
                 paramount implications for conservation and mitigation
                 strategies. Through a cross factorial design to test
                 the effects of ocean temperature and food availability
                 in a temperate marine teleost, Pomatochistus
                 flavescens, we showed that hindered feeding impacted
                 sheltering and avoidance behaviour. Also, low food
                 availability impaired fish reproduction, particularly
                 male reproduction, as the expression of cyp11b1, a gene
                 with a pivotal role in the synthesis of the most
                 important fish androgen, 11-ketotestosterone, was
                 significantly reduced under a low food regime. In
                 contrast, temperature alone did not affect reproductive
                 success, but offspring showed increased saturated fatty
                 acid content (embryos) and increased lipid peroxidation
                 (larvae). Altogether, food availability had a stronger
                 effect on fitness, showing that coping with elevated
                 temperatures, an ability that may be expected in
                 shallow-water fish, can be indirectly impacted, or even
                 overwhelmed, by the effects of ocean warming on primary
                 productivity and downstream ecological processes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2022:CDS,
  author =       "Haoyu Li and Xiaonan Zhang and Yang Zhang and Qi Liu
                 and Fengwen Liu and Donglin Li and Hucai Zhang",
  title =        "Climate-Driven Synchrony in Anchovy Fluctuations: A
                 {Pacific}-Wide Comparison",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "193",
  day =          "05",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040193",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/193",
  abstract =     "Fish population fluctuations have been widely
                 documented and are often attributed to climate
                 variability, but little is known about their
                 relationship. This is a barrier that restricts our
                 capacity to understand climate effects on fish
                 fluctuations. Here, we collected published data to
                 conduct a comparative analysis of time series in terms
                 of both scale deposition rate (SDR) and catch to
                 indicate the abundance of anchovy and explored its
                 relationships with climatic and environmental
                 parameters. We first conducted a Spearman correlation
                 analysis to identify the differences in the SDR between
                 sites. Then, we used Generalized Additive Models to
                 evaluate the effects of external forcing at multiple
                 spatial scales (i.e., local and global scales) on the
                 anchovy catches recorded at the California Current
                 Ecosystem (CCE), Humboldt Current Ecosystem (HCE), and
                 Kuroshio Current Ecosystem (KCE). We found that the
                 SDRs at different sites in the same Current Systems are
                 generally consistent, while there are more differences
                 between different systems. We also found that the
                 Pacific Decadal Oscillation index (PDOI), North Pacific
                 index (NPI), North Pacific Gyre Oscillation index
                 (NPGOI), Sea Surface Temperature anomaly (SSTA), and
                 Air Temperature anomaly (ATA) were the most influential
                 factors explaining the variability in anchovy catch for
                 CCE, whereas the NPGOI was the most influential factor
                 for HCE. The PDOI was the best at explaining the
                 variability in anchovy catch for KCE. Our results
                 suggest that anchovy fluctuations in the Pan-Pacific
                 occurred synchronously. These seemingly unrelated
                 events, which occurred thousands of kilometers apart,
                 were actually not isolated. Therefore, we suggest that
                 large-scale climate forcing may activate synchronous
                 fluctuations for anchovy populations at the basin
                 scale, whereas local-scale environmental forces are
                 also responsible for anchovy fluctuations in the
                 ``micro-environment''.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2022:ACE,
  author =       "Peiwen Wang and Isabel Mendes",
  title =        "Assessment of Changes in Environmental Factors
                 Affecting Aquaculture Production and Fisherfolk Incomes
                 in {China} between 2010 and 2020",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "192",
  day =          "05",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040192",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/192",
  abstract =     "The vast expanse of China's land surface results in
                 the country's environment varying from region to
                 region. Environmental changes impact on China's
                 industries, markets, and trade, indirectly affecting
                 not only the country's economy but also the people who
                 depend on aquaculture resources. Regional
                 differentiation leads to an imbalance that severely
                 affects social fairness and equity, which becomes a key
                 factor limiting the sustainable development of the
                 economy and society. Analysis and assessment of the
                 changes in environmental factors affecting aquaculture
                 production and fisherfolk's income in 31 regions of
                 China between 2010 and 2020 aim to provide a reference
                 for regional differentiation in the economic
                 development of aquaculture in the different regions in
                 China, representing an essential step towards achieving
                 the coordinated development of rural regional areas.
                 This study's assessment and analysis procedures adopted
                 the principal component analysis method. The findings
                 suggest that regional differences in Chinese
                 fisherfolk's income and the environmental factors
                 affecting China's aquaculture production are veritable.
                 There have been subtle changes in regional
                 differentiation over a decade. It is necessary to
                 implement contextualized environmental management
                 measures, concessionary taxation, and additional
                 subsidies to address the different characteristics of
                 China's different regions for the future development of
                 environmental management and narrowing the income gap,
                 to address both the income disparities in Chinese
                 fisherfolk's income and environmental factors affecting
                 Chinese aquaculture production, to achieve the
                 harmonious development of rural regional areas.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hu:2022:MCS,
  author =       "Xiaojuan Hu and Haochang Su and Peng Zhang and Zuozhi
                 Chen and Yu Xu and Wujie Xu and Jie Li and Guoliang Wen
                 and Yucheng Cao",
  title =        "Microbial Community Structure and Metabolic
                 Characteristics of Intestine and Gills of Dwarf-Form
                 Populations of \bioname{Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis} in
                 {South China Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "191",
  day =          "04",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040191",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/191",
  abstract =     "Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis is an important biological
                 resource in the South China Sea. However, the
                 microbiological characteristics of this squid,
                 especially those of the dwarf-form, are poorly
                 understood. This study was conducted to analyze the
                 microbial community structure and metabolic
                 characteristics of the intestinal and gill tissues of
                 dwarf-form populations of S. oualaniensis. The
                 dwarf-form squids of different sexes and gonadal
                 maturities were collected from South China Sea in
                 spring 2020. Results showed that Mycoplasma was the
                 most dominant group of bacteria in the intestinal
                 samples of the females with immature gonads (FN),
                 females at sexual maturity (FY), and males at sexual
                 maturity (MY) and the second-highest relative abundance
                 group in males with immature gonads (MN). The microbial
                 community structure in squid gills differed from that
                 of intestinal flora. The BD1-7 clade was the dominant
                 genus in gill samples of all groups. Furthermore, the
                 microbial community activities in gills were higher
                 than in intestinal groups, especially FYG. The larger
                 dwarf-form populations had microbial communities with
                 more robust utilization of carbon sources, assessed via
                 average well color development (AWCD). Correlation and
                 redundancy analysis determined that AWCD significantly
                 positively correlated with the relative abundance of
                 BD1-7 clade ($ p < 0.05$). The results indicated that
                 the dominant group of bacteria and microbial community
                 structure were different between the intestinal and
                 gill microbial communities in the dwarf-form S.
                 oualaniensis populations of different sexes and
                 maturities. Moreover, the metabolic potential of the
                 gill microbial community was higher than that of the
                 intestinal microbial community in the dwarf-form
                 populations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Subhan:2022:EUB,
  author =       "Ujang Subhan and Iskandar and Zahidah and Camellia
                 Panatarani and I Made Joni",
  title =        "Effect of Ultrafine Bubbles on Various Stocking
                 Density of Striped Catfish Larviculture in
                 Recirculating Aquaculture System",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "190",
  day =          "29",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040190",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/190",
  abstract =     "The effects of ultrafine bubbles on the high stock
                 density of striped catfish larvae in a recirculating
                 aquaculture system (RAS) are described in this research
                 (UFBs-RAS). In this study, the various stock densities
                 of striped catfish were investigated regarding the
                 effect of oxygen saturation on the yolk sac absorption
                 rate, length growth rate, and yolk sac utilization
                 efficiency at the endogenous stage. The survival rate,
                 the specific growth rate (weight, length, and biomass),
                 and the gross feeding efficiency were examined at an
                 exogenous stage. The results showed that the ultrafine
                 bubbles generator in the recirculating aquaculture
                 system (UFBs-RAS) provide the dissolved oxygen
                 concentration up to 128.97\%sat. The oxygen saturated
                 state in FBs-RAS at the stock density 100 fish/L (D100)
                 provided high yolk sac utilization efficiency in the
                 endogenous stage and high survival, specific growth
                 rate, and gross feeding efficiency in the exogenous
                 stage. It was emphasized that the performance was
                 possible due to surplus oxygen up to 1.58 mg/L at the
                 stock density of 100 fish/L and accomplished minimum
                 ammonia (NH 3 -N) content much lower than the limit
                 (0.12 {\SGMLmicro}g/L). Thus, the striped catfish
                 larviculture with UFBs-RAS-provided oxygen balance
                 subsequently improved the production rate significantly
                 with cost-effective production.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sumon:2022:EPA,
  author =       "Md Afsar Ahmed Sumon and Mohammad Habibur Rahman Molla
                 and Israa J. Hakeem and Foysal Ahammad and Ramzi H.
                 Amran and Mamdoh T. Jamal and Mohamed Hosny Gabr and
                 Md. Shafiqul Islam and Md. Tariqul Alam and Christopher
                 L. Brown and Eun-Woo Lee and Mohammed Moulay and Amer
                 H. Asseri and F A Dain Md Opo and Ahad Amer Alsaiari
                 and Md. Tawheed Hasan",
  title =        "Epigenetics and Probiotics Application toward the
                 Modulation of Fish Reproductive Performance",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "189",
  day =          "28",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040189",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/189",
  abstract =     "Fish represent an excellent source of animal protein
                 as well as a biomedical research model as a result of
                 their evolutionary relatedness and similarity with the
                 human genome. Commercial and ornamental fish culture
                 has achieved popularity, but reproductive dysfunctions
                 act as a limiting factor for quality fry production,
                 interfering with the sustainability of the aquaculture
                 industry. Fish reproduction is crucial for any species'
                 existence, and reproductive performance can potentially
                 be improved through applications of epigenetics and
                 probiotics. Epigenetics is a highly sensitive molecular
                 approach that includes chromatin structure and function
                 alteration, DNA methylation, and modification of
                 non-coding RNA molecules for the transfer of desired
                 information from parents to offspring. DNA
                 methyltransferase improves reproductive cyp11a1, esr2b,
                 and figla gene expression and feminizes zebrafish
                 (Danio rerio). Moreover, epigenetics also contributes
                 to genome stability, environmental plasticity, and
                 embryonic development. However, methylation of specific
                 genes can negatively affect sperm quality, resulting in
                 poor fertilization. Probiotic administration is able to
                 induce responsiveness of incompetent follicles to
                 maturation-inducing hormones and can change oocyte
                 chemical composition during vitellogenic development.
                 The positive role of probiotics on testicular cells is
                 validated by upregulating the transcription levels of
                 leptin, bdnf, and dmrt1 genes facilitating the
                 spermatogenesis. This review not only discusses the
                 effects and mechanism of epigenetics and probiotics for
                 improving fish reproduction, but also presents an
                 overview of the causal factors and current techniques
                 used to eradicate dysfunction. Moreover, key genes and
                 hormones related to fish reproduction along with
                 research gaps and future prospects are also considered.
                 This review provides an overview of necessary
                 information for students, scientists, researchers, and
                 breeders to resolve fish reproduction-related problems
                 to ensure profitable and sustainable aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dominguez-Petit:2022:PER,
  author =       "Rosario Dom{\'\i}nguez-Petit and Cristina
                 Garc{\'\i}a-Fern{\'a}ndez and Ezequiel Leonarduzzi and
                 Karina Rodrigues and Gustavo Javier Macchi",
  title =        "Parental Effects and Reproductive Potential of Fish
                 and Marine Invertebrates: Cross-Generational Impact of
                 Environmental Experiences",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "188",
  day =          "27",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040188",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/188",
  abstract =     "The reproductive success of aquatic animals depends on
                 a complex web of relationships between the environment,
                 the attributes of the reproductive individuals and
                 human-induced selection. All of them are manifested
                 directly or indirectly through parental effects, which
                 can also compensate for certain external impacts.
                 Parental effects refer to the influence that the
                 phenotype and environmental conditions in which
                 individuals develop exert on the phenotype of their
                 offspring, and they can even have transgenerational
                 impact. This paper describes the different types of
                 parental effects and reviews the published literature
                 to analyze the causes of their variation and their
                 impact on reproductive resilience and population
                 dynamics.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2022:BME,
  author =       "Ziyue Chen and Huajie Lu and Wei Liu and Kai Liu and
                 Xinjun Chen",
  title =        "Beak Microstructure Estimates of the Age, Growth, and
                 Population Structure of Purpleback Flying Squid
                 (\bioname{Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis}) in the {Xisha
                 Islands} Waters of the {South China Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "187",
  day =          "26",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040187",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/187",
  abstract =     "This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using
                 an upper beak microstructure to estimate the age of
                 purpleback flying squid (Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis).
                 From these microstructures, the age and growth of squid
                 caught from January to March and May to August in 2018,
                 2019, and 2020 in the waters surrounding the Xisha
                 Islands in the South China Sea were determined. We
                 found three typical growth zones (the hood region,
                 crest region, and axis), abnormal increments (checks),
                 and erosion in the beak examination. The average dorsal
                 mantle length (ML) of males and females was 112.13
                 ({\pm}15.23 mm) and 119.67 mm ({\pm}24.50 mm),
                 respectively, and no squid were older than 10 months.
                 The peak hatching dates, according to back
                 calculations, were from October to January of the next
                 year. All sampled squid belonged to the autumn/winter
                 cohort. Significant sex differences were found in the
                 relationship between ML and age in squid with similar
                 growth patterns. Exponential models best described the
                 relationships of ML with age and body weight (BW) for
                 both sexes. However, a linear model best described the
                 relationship between age and upper rostrum length
                 (URL). The maximum absolute daily growth rates (AGR) of
                 BW were reached during days 240--270 for both sexes.
                 The maximum AGRs in ML were reached during days
                 180--210 and 240--270 for males and females,
                 respectively. The period of 120--150 days (4--5 months)
                 was considered the sub-adult stage of S. oualaniensis
                 in the Xisha Islands waters of the South China Sea.
                 This study confirmed that the beak microstructure
                 provides good age estimates for purpleback flying squid
                 (S. oualaniensis).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Eegunjobi:2022:DGV,
  author =       "Ruth Eegunjobi and Nicholas Ngepah",
  title =        "The Determinants of Global Value Chain Participation
                 in Developing Seafood-Exporting Countries",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "186",
  day =          "26",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040186",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/186",
  abstract =     "Global value chain (GVC) participation has played a
                 significant role in boosting the trade gains of both
                 developed and developing seafood-exporting countries
                 over the past three decades. In addition, the extent of
                 GVC participation has become the most important
                 platform for addressing gains from trade in developing
                 seafood-exporting countries to ensure that their
                 participation enhances economic growth. Recent studies
                 on GVC participation in developing countries have
                 highlighted the importance of domestic institutions.
                 However, the literature is silent on the quality of the
                 domestic institutions--GVC participation nexus. This
                 paper aims to investigate the determinants of GVC
                 participation and the effect of the quality of domestic
                 institutional governance on seafood-exporting
                 developing countries' GVC participation indices. Using
                 the Hausman--Taylor (HT) estimator and the system
                 generalised method of moments (GMM) dynamic panel data
                 methodology to examine seafood export data from 32
                 countries from 2009 to 2018, we find that economic
                 potential drives backward GVC participation, while low
                 forward participation might not only lead to lower
                 gains from trade, but also limit countries to the
                 supply of primary seafood products with little value
                 addition. In addition, the quality of domestic
                 institutional governance constrains GVC participation.
                 Overall the results indicate that the quality of
                 domestic institutional governance matters for the GVC
                 participation of seafood-exporting developing
                 countries.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Araujo:2022:DAA,
  author =       "Bruno Cavalheiro Ara{\'u}jo and Arleta Krystyna
                 Skrzynska and Victor Hugo Marques and Aurora Tinajero
                 and Oscar Bas{\'\i}lio {Del Rio-Zaragoza} and Maria
                 Teresa Viana and Jos{\'e} Antonio Mata-Sotres",
  title =        "Dietary Arachidonic Acid (20:4n-6) Levels and Its
                 Effect on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, Gene
                 Expression for Lipid Metabolism, and Health Status of
                 Juvenile {California} Yellowtail (\bioname{Seriola
                 dorsalis})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "185",
  day =          "25",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040185",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/185",
  abstract =     "Arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6) fed to Seriola
                 dorsalis juveniles at different levels was evaluated.
                 After a seven-week feeding trial, growth performance,
                 hepatopancreas and muscle fatty acid (FA) composition,
                 expression of lipid-relevant genes, and blood
                 parameters were evaluated. Four isoproteic and
                 isolipidic experimental diets were formulated to
                 contain 44\% crude protein and 11\% lipids with graded
                 inclusion levels of ARA, 0\% (Control), 0.4, 0.9, and
                 1.4\% of the total diet. S. dorsalis juveniles (14.54
                 {\pm} 0.18 g) were randomly divided into twelve tanks
                 with fifteen animals each. The animals were hand fed
                 three times per day to apparent satiation. Dietary
                 treatments did not significantly affect the growth
                 performance, SGR, FCR, and feed intake of fish.
                 Different levels of ARA in the experimental diets
                 directly influenced liver and muscle FA profiles, with
                 significant changes in ARA and EPA deposition between
                 Control treatment and 1.4\%, in both tissues. The
                 expression of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (alox5),
                 acyl-CoA dehydrogenase very long chain (acadvl),
                 carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1(cpt1a) was
                 significantly affected by dietary treatments, with an
                 expression increasing accordingly to the increasing ARA
                 levels. In contrast, a reduction of fatty acid synthase
                 (fas) and proliferator-activated receptor alpha (ppara)
                 expression was significantly reduced as ARA increased
                 in the diet. In addition, a significant reduction in
                 blood cortisol and glucose was found at a 0.9\% ARA
                 level compared to the other treatments. Based on the
                 performance, cortisol levels, the gene expression for
                 eicosanoids synthesis, and lipid metabolic pathways,
                 the present study suggests a maximum ARA inclusion of
                 0.9\% in diets for California yellowtail juveniles, S.
                 dorsalis.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kindong:2022:LBA,
  author =       "Richard Kindong and Ousmane Sarr and Feng Wu and
                 Siquan Tian",
  title =        "Length-Based Assessment Methods for the Conservation
                 of a Pelagic Shark, \bioname{Carcharhinus falciformis}
                 from the {Tropical Pacific Ocean}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "184",
  day =          "25",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040184",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/184",
  abstract =     "The silky shark, Carcharhinus falciformis is one of
                 the most heavily exploited sharks, being the main
                 by-catch species in both tuna longline and purse-seine
                 fisheries in tropical waters worldwide. Despite this
                 severe exploitation, little is known about the species'
                 life history and population status. Silky sharks, like
                 many other sharks, exhibit slow growth and low
                 fecundity, indicating the urgency of developing
                 assessment studies to aid in the implementation of
                 conservation plans for their stocks. Because
                 information on the catch and effort of this species is
                 scarce, some length-based data-limited methods were
                 applied in the present study to provide estimates of
                 the status of the tropical Pacific silky shark
                 population. As evident from the LBSPR analysis, the
                 current spawning potential ratio (SPR) was found to be
                 below the target reference point of SPR 40\% and
                 slightly above the limit reference point of SPR 20\%.
                 In addition, the LBB model also confirmed that this
                 stock's status is overfished with relatively low
                 biomass levels. Furthermore, both models showed
                 estimates of size selectivity at 50\% and 95\% that
                 were lower than the estimated size at sexual maturity.
                 In conclusion, the data-limited models developed in
                 this study indicated that the silky shark stock in the
                 tropical Pacific Ocean may be at risk of further
                 decline. Additionally, the results show that growth and
                 recruitment overfishing may be occurring in the silky
                 shark's population calling for immediate
                 intensification of monitoring programs for these sharks
                 as a pre-requisite to develop efficient management and
                 conservation plans in the Pacific Ocean.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Harris:2022:EAT,
  author =       "Michaela Harris and Nathalie Brodeur and Francis
                 LeBlanc and Scott Douglas and Paul Chamberland and
                 Thomas Guyondet and Royce Steeves and Nellie
                 Gagn{\'e}",
  title =        "{eDNA} and Acoustic Tag Monitoring Reveal Congruent
                 Overwintering Distributions of Striped Bass in a
                 Hydrologically Complex Estuarine Environment",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "183",
  day =          "23",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040183",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/183",
  abstract =     "After collapsing in the late 1990s, the southern Gulf
                 of St. Lawrence population of striped bass (Morone
                 saxatilis) is recovering. Here, we evaluate the use of
                 under-ice eDNA sampling to monitor the population and
                 confirm overwintering locations. From 2018 to 2020,
                 water samples were collected from transects spanning 35
                 km of the Miramichi River system, accounting for the
                 effects of sampling site, month, sampling depth and
                 tidal influence on eDNA concentration. We examined the
                 distribution of eDNA in a complex tidal river system
                 with a time series consisting of 12 h of continuous
                 sampling throughout a tidal cycle, in conjunction with
                 the use of artificial DNA tracers and acoustic Doppler
                 current profiler flow measurements. The eDNA
                 distribution correctly identified overwintering grounds
                 based on acoustic tag data, including a perceptible
                 upstream shift in 2020. Overall, there was no
                 significant effect of year, sampling month (February or
                 March), sampling depth or tidal phase on eDNA
                 concentrations. The tidal time series revealed only
                 weak patterns of eDNA recirculation. Monitoring eDNA
                 concentration and distribution allows for a relative
                 comparison of population size and location between
                 years, and has the potential to be expanded to other
                 river systems more easily than traditional acoustic
                 fish tags and surveys.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2022:PGD,
  author =       "Shihui Wang and Liang Luo and Rui Zhang and Kun Guo
                 and Wei Xu and Zhigang Zhao",
  title =        "Population Genetic Diversity and Differentiation of
                 Mitten Crab, Genus \bioname{Eriocheir}, Based on
                 Microsatellite Markers",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "182",
  day =          "22",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040182",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:12 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/182",
  abstract =     "Mitten crab, Eriocheir sensu stricto, is an important
                 indigenous aquatic species and food source in Eastern
                 Asia. Genetic diversity is an important prerequisite
                 for the conservation and utilization of germplasm
                 resources. However, the genetic diversity and
                 differentiation of Eriocheir s. s. remains unclear.
                 This study evaluated population genetic diversity and
                 genetic differentiation of three Eriocheir s. s.
                 populations from Suifenhe (SFH), Liaohe (LH), and
                 Nanliujiang (NLJ), China, based on 19 microsatellite
                 markers. The mean observed number of alleles (N a) was
                 22.84 alleles, and the mean polymorphism information
                 content (PIC) was 0.86, which demonstrated high genetic
                 diversity. The allele frequency distribution showed an
                 ``L'' shape, ranging from 0.01 to 0.74. The genetic
                 diversity parameter values of the LH population were
                 higher than those of the other two populations. All
                 pairwise F ST values showed significant differences
                 among the three Eriocheir s. s. populations (p {$<$}
                 0.01). The value of Nei's genetic distance (D S) varied
                 from 0.31 (between SFH and NLJ populations) to 0.33
                 (between SFH and LH populations). Overall, The results
                 illustrate that the three wild Eriocheir s. s.
                 populations have high genetic diversity and high
                 genetic differentiation. This study provides the basis
                 for Eriocheir s. s. utilization in China.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2022:EEE,
  author =       "Guobin Chen and Tong Zhou and Meng Chen and Guiwei Zou
                 and Hongwei Liang",
  title =        "Effect of Estradiol on Estrogen Nuclear Receptors
                 Genes Expression on Embryonic Development Stages in
                 {Chinese} Soft-Shelled Turtle (\bioname{Pelodiscus
                 sinensis})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "223",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050223",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/223",
  abstract =     "Among Chinese soft-shelled turtles, Pelodiscus
                 sinensis, males have a richer nutritional value and
                 higher market price than females. All-male offspring
                 were obtained by 17{\beta}-estradiol (E2). However, the
                 molecular mechanisms of E2 inducing sexual reversal
                 remain unclear. In this study, we cloned estrogen
                 nuclear receptors (ERs) from P. sinensis and
                 investigated their expression profiles. We examined the
                 responses of ER{\alpha} and ER{\beta} after treatment
                 with different concentrations of 1.0, 5.0, and 10 mg/mL
                 E2. ERs showed abundant expressions in the adult gonad,
                 ER{\alpha} for ovary, and ER{\beta} for testis. E2 can
                 up-regulate the expression of ER{\alpha}, which showed
                 a remarkable increase while the promotion of ER{\beta}
                 was unobvious. They reached a high level at stage 17
                 after the treatment of E2, genes of the female-related
                 genes Rspo1, Wnt4, {\beta}-catenin, Foxl2, Cyp19a1, and
                 Sox3 exhibited a significant raise at stage 17 with the
                 increase in the concentration of E2 while the
                 male-related genes Sox9, Dmrt1, and Amh were
                 significantly inhibited. Our study cloned the full
                 length of ERs and analyzed their structures and
                 expressions, laying a foundation for the further study
                 of the effect of estrogen on sex determination.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liu:2022:FSR,
  author =       "Yin Liu and Lun Song and Guangjun Song and Jinhao Wu
                 and Kun Wang and Zhaohui Wang and Suxuan Liu",
  title =        "Feeding Selectivity of \bioname{Ruditapes
                 philippinarum} on Phytoplankton",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "222",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050222",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/222",
  abstract =     "A monthly survey of the feeding selectivity of
                 Ruditapes philippinarum in the Yalu River Estuary in
                 2020--2021 was conducted using high-throughput
                 sequencing identification and visual grading
                 technology. The results showed that the most-dominant
                 species in the water of the shellfish culture area and
                 in the stomachs of R. philippinarum was Karlodinium
                 veneficum in those years. The selectivity index (E)
                 indicated that R. philippinarum avoided consuming
                 Bacillariophyta, Chrysophyta and Cryptophyta throughout
                 the year and preferentially consumed Dinophyta and
                 Chlorophyta. In 2020, the annual average biomass of
                 Dinophyta, Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta,
                 Dictyochophyta, Cryptophyta and Chrysophyta in the
                 stomach contents of R. philippinarum was
                 54:14:16:1:10:4; it was 41:12:28:0:1:17 in 2021. The
                 annual average biomass ratio of picophytoplankton,
                 nanophytoplankton and microphytoplankton in the
                 stomachs of R. philippinarum was 13:48:39 in 2020; it
                 was 14:66:20 in 2021. R. philippinarum actively fed on
                 nanophytoplankton and avoided picophytoplankton. Among
                 the phytoplankton of different sizes and groups that R.
                 philippinarum prefer to feed, chemical oxygen demand
                 (COD) and organic phosphorus (DOP) have a significant
                 negative effect on the nanophytoplankton community, pH
                 has a positive effect on the Dictyochophyta community
                 and COD and the inorganic nitrogen to phosphorus ratio
                 (DI-N/P) have a significant positive effect on the
                 Chlorophyta community.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hu:2022:FAP,
  author =       "Guanyu Hu and Zhenfang Zhao and Bilin Liu and Dongming
                 Lin and Jiawei Liang and Zhou Fang and Xinjun Chen",
  title =        "Fatty Acid Profile of Jumbo Squid (\bioname{Dosidicus
                 gigas}) off the {Peruvian Exclusive Economic Zone}:
                 Revealing the Variability of Feeding Strategies",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "221",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050221",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/221",
  abstract =     "Jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas play a critical role in
                 the marine ecosystems and are an important commercial
                 species in the East Pacific. Generally, three size
                 groups have been distinguished on the basis of the
                 mantle length (ML) of an adult. Here, fatty acid (FA)
                 analyses of muscle tissues were used to explore the
                 feeding strategies of D. gigas off the Peruvian
                 exclusive economic zone in terms of different size
                 groups and sexes. There was no significant difference
                 in fatty acid composition between the small- and
                 medium-sized groups, whereas the large-sized group
                 differed significantly from other groups. The higher
                 content of C20:4n6 and (C18:2n6 + C18:3n3) indicates
                 that the large-sized group may feed more frequently in
                 nearshore and deep waters. Furthermore, the niches of
                 the three size groups were consistent with the results
                 of fatty acid composition, with the large-sized group
                 occupying the widest trophic niche, followed by the
                 medium-sized group and then the small-sized group. In
                 addition, there was evidence of trophic niche overlap
                 between the small and medium groups. In terms of sexual
                 variability of the small and medium groups, the fatty
                 acid composition significantly differed between females
                 and males. In terms of sexual variation of the large
                 group, the fatty acid composition between females and
                 males was similar, indicating that similar feeding
                 strategies may be adopted by them. This study revealed
                 the variability of the feeding strategies of three size
                 groups of D. gigas off the Peruvian exclusive economic
                 zone.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Imsland:2022:LWT,
  author =       "Albert Kjartan Dagbjartarson Imsland and Patrick
                 Reynolds",
  title =        "In lumpfish We Trust? {The} Efficacy of Lumpfish
                 \bioname{Cyclopterus lumpus} to Control
                 \bioname{Lepeophtheirus salmonis} Infestations on
                 Farmed {Atlantic} Salmon: a Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "220",
  day =          "25",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050220",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/220",
  abstract =     "In this review, we have systematized current knowledge
                 about the effect of stocking lumpfish (Cyclopterus
                 lumpus) as cleaner fish to control Lepeophtheirus
                 salmonis infestations on farmed Atlantic salmon
                 (\bioname{Salmo salar} {L.}). The review was prompted
                 by recent reports in which the usefulness of lumpfish
                 has been doubted, and the urgent need to investigate
                 whether common lumpfish can be used to reduce L.
                 salmonis numbers on farmed Atlantic salmon by active
                 grazing on this species. Available published data
                 clearly indicate that lumpfish graze on L. salmonis,
                 and can significantly lower the lice burden in Atlantic
                 salmon farming. It is possible to enhance the lice
                 grazing behavior of lumpfish with the assistance of
                 live feed conditioning prior to sea pen transfer, and
                 with selective breeding. Data indicate that lice
                 grazing of lumpfish is size dependent, and grazing
                 effect is low for lumpfish larger than 200--250 g.
                 Observations from large-scale rearing of Atlantic
                 salmon in open sea cages in Norway, Iceland, the Faroe
                 Islands, and Scotland also indicate that lumpfish can
                 be effective in lowering infestations of L. salmonis on
                 salmon. Overall, this present review reveals that
                 lumpfish can actively contribute to lower numbers of L.
                 salmonis on farmed Atlantic salmon.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2022:FFI,
  author =       "Danyang Li and Houcheng Su and Kailin Jiang and Dan
                 Liu and Xuliang Duan",
  title =        "Fish Face Identification Based on Rotated Object
                 Detection: Dataset and Exploration",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "219",
  day =          "25",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050219",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/219",
  abstract =     "At present, fish farming still uses manual
                 identification methods. With the rapid development of
                 deep learning, the application of computer vision in
                 agriculture and farming to achieve agricultural
                 intelligence has become a current research hotspot. We
                 explored the use of facial recognition in fish. We
                 collected and produced a fish identification dataset
                 with 3412 images and a fish object detection dataset
                 with 2320 images. A rotating box is proposed to detect
                 fish, which avoids the problem where the traditional
                 object detection produces a large number of redundant
                 regions and affects the recognition accuracy. A self-SE
                 module and a fish face recognition network (FFRNet) are
                 proposed to implement the fish face identification
                 task. The experiments proved that our model has an
                 accuracy rate of over 90\% and an FPS of 200.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhou:2022:EST,
  author =       "Xingxing Zhou and Zuozhi Chen and Pengli Xiong and
                 Yancong Cai and Jie Li and Peng Zhang and Jun Zhang and
                 Miao Li and Jiangtao Fan",
  title =        "Exploring the Spatial and Temporal Distribution of
                 Frigate Tuna (\bioname{Auxis thazard}) Habitat in the
                 {South China Sea} in Spring and Summer during
                 2015--2019 Using Fishery and Remote Sensing Data",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "218",
  day =          "25",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050218",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/218",
  abstract =     "Frigate tuna Auxis thazard fishery is considered a
                 potential marine resource in the open South China Sea
                 (SCS). However, little is known about the spatial and
                 temporal distribution of its habitat, and how this may
                 respond to environmental changes. Using fish survey and
                 remote sensing data from 2015--2019, we applied
                 generalized additive models to identify relationships
                 between environmental factors and the distribution of
                 A. thazard in the SCS. To examine seasonal patterns in
                 the habitat of A. thazard in the SCS, we generated a
                 habitat suitability index model using environmental
                 factors screened by generalized additive models.
                 Results showed that A. thazard migrates from south to
                 north in the SCS, and its suitable habitat is patchily
                 distributed. Significant environmental factors
                 affecting the habitat of A. thazard distribution were
                 different in different seasons; we demonstrated A.
                 thazard to be sensitive to Chl-a in spring (optimum
                 0.155, optimal range $ \approx $0.1252--0.1840), and in
                 summer to be sensitive to SST (optimum 30.405, optimal
                 range $ \approx $29.789--31.021) and SSH (optimum
                 0.741, optimal range $ \approx $0.618--0.864). Suitable
                 habitat in spring occurs mainly in northeastern areas,
                 while in summer it occurs mainly around the
                 southeastern Nansha Islands. Compared with that in
                 spring, the area of suitable habitat increases in
                 summer, as does the habitat suitability index of the
                 entire sea area. These results improve our
                 understanding of environmental factors that affect the
                 distribution of A. thazard habitat in the SCS, and
                 provide a scientific basis for the development and
                 management of A. thazard resources.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Rabbane:2022:TEA,
  author =       "Md. Golam Rabbane and Md. Alamgir Kabir and Md.
                 Habibullah-Al-Mamun and Md. Ghulam Mustafa",
  title =        "Toxic Effects of Arsenic in Commercially Important
                 Fish Rohu Carp, \bioname{Labeo rohita} of
                 {Bangladesh}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "217",
  day =          "25",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050217",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/217",
  abstract =     "This study was designed to elucidate the effects of
                 arsenic (As) on the morpho-behavior, growth development
                 and molecular mechanisms of a commercially important
                 fish, rohu carp, Labeo rohita, in Bangladesh. Fish fry
                 with an average weight of 387.5 {\pm} 169.25 mg and an
                 average length of 3.35 {\pm} 0.37 cm were collected
                 from a local hatchery in Mymensingh, Bangladesh and
                 acclimatized for a week in the Department of Fisheries,
                 University of Dhaka before starting the exposure with
                 arsenic. Fishes were exposed for a period of 14 days
                 with three treatments of NaAsO 2, namely treatment
                 1(T1)---2.5 mg/L; treatment 2 (T2)---15 mg/L; and
                 treatment 3 (T3)---30 mg/L, along with a control
                 (C)---0.0 mg/L, with three replicates. These
                 concentrations were determined based on the LC 50 value
                 for 96 h measured for this experiment. This study
                 revealed remarkable morphological abnormalities and
                 deformities in arsenic-exposed rohu carp. In fish
                 exposed to 30 mg/L, caudal fin erosion was a frequent
                 deformity. There was no significant difference in
                 RNA:DNA ratio among the treatments. The overall weight
                 of fish was decreased as the concentration of arsenic
                 was increased. The T3 fish had a statistically
                 significant negative weight gain ({$-$0}.05 {\pm} 0.07
                 g), but the other treatments (T1 and T2) and control
                 fish had no significant weight gain. Different types of
                 histopathological changes were observed in the gills
                 and intestines of arsenic-treated fish. Necrosis and
                 severe damages were found in the secondary lamellae of
                 gills at the highest arsenic concentration (30 mg/L).
                 Epithelial lifting, irregular shape and damages in the
                 gill raker were also observed in the primary lamellae
                 of the gills for the same treatment. In this study, the
                 expression of heat shock protein (HSP 60) and
                 metallothionein (MT) genes was assessed by qPCR, and
                 these genes were upregulated in different treatments
                 compared to controls. The findings of the present study
                 suggest that arsenic pollution significantly changes
                 the morphology, behavior, growth, development,
                 histopathology and molecular mechanisms of this
                 economically important fish, rohu carp, in
                 Bangladesh.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhou:2022:RHT,
  author =       "Yan Zhou and Yanjie Zhang and Shang Wei and Wei Li and
                 Wenhao Li and Zhichao Wu and Shouwen Jiang and Ying Lu
                 and Qianghua Xu and Liangbiao Chen",
  title =        "Reduced Hypoxia Tolerance and Altered Gill Morphology
                 at Elevated Temperatures May Limit the Survival of
                 Tilapia ({GIFT}, \bioname{Oreochromis niloticus}) under
                 Global Warming",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "216",
  day =          "24",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050216",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/216",
  abstract =     "Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the
                 most important food fishes in global aquaculture. The
                 optimal rearing temperature for Nile tilapia is 27--30
                 {$^\circ $}C; however, in some Asian breeding areas,
                 such as south China, water temperatures in summer
                 frequently exceed 35 {$^\circ $}C for several days.
                 Potential effects of long-term exposure to high
                 temperatures on the survival and metabolism of tilapia
                 are unclear. In this study, genetically improved farmed
                 tilapia, age six weeks, were exposed to water
                 temperatures of 28, 32, and 36 {$^\circ $}C for 15
                 weeks. Mean survival rates and tolerance to hypoxia
                 were significantly reduced, and respiratory rates were
                 increased in fish reared at 36 {$^\circ $}C, compared
                 to the 28 and 32 {$^\circ $}C treatments (p {$<$}
                 0.05). Partial temperature compensation for routine
                 metabolic rates was observed after 15 weeks at 36
                 {$^\circ $}C. Gill morphology changes in the 36
                 {$^\circ $}C treatment included curling of the lamellae
                 and hyperplasia of the filament end, which became more
                 pronounced after acute hypoxia (0.2 mg/L O 2).
                 Transcriptomics demonstrated that expression of
                 numerous genes related to aerobic metabolism was
                 altered in the 36 {$^\circ $}C treatment, including
                 down-regulation of nine genes of the tricarboxylic acid
                 cycle. In summary, high temperature affected tilapia
                 gill morphology, reduced hypoxia tolerance, and
                 inhibited aerobic metabolism, thus ultimately
                 threatening tilapia viability and survival.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lu:2022:AGP,
  author =       "Huajie Lu and Yuzhe Ou and Yurong Teng and Ziyue Chen
                 and Xinjun Chen",
  title =        "Age, Growth and Population Structure Analyses of the
                 \bioname{Berryteuthis magister shevtsovi} in the {Japan
                 Sea} by Statolith Microstructure",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "215",
  day =          "24",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050215",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/215",
  abstract =     "Berryteuthis magister shevtsovi is a new subspecies in
                 the Japan Sea, and thus, little is known about its
                 fisheries biology, especially age and population
                 structure. Based on the 296 samples collected by the
                 Chinese commercial jigging vessel in December 2018 in
                 the Japan Sea. The age, growth, and population
                 structure of B. magister shevtsovi were studied based
                 on the microstructure of the statolith. The results
                 indicated that the range of mantle length (ML) was
                 90--148 mm for females and 94--141 mm for males, the
                 body weight (BW) ranged from 49 to 116 g and 38 to 110
                 g for females and males, and the ages were estimated
                 from 52 to 166 days for females and 51 to 143 days for
                 males, respectively. The hatching date extended from
                 March to October, with a peak from July to September,
                 suggesting the presence of one spawning group
                 (summer--autumn group). The ANCOVA showed that there
                 was no significant sex difference between the ML and BW
                 growth; however, there was a significant difference
                 between the sexes in the relationship between ML--age
                 and BW--age. The relationship between the ML and BW was
                 best described by the power function, the ML--age
                 relationship of females was best described by linear
                 function; the ML--age relationship of males and BW--age
                 relationships of females and males were best described
                 by the exponential function. B. magister shevtsovi is a
                 high-growing squid, and the growth rate seemed to be
                 high at the young life stage and decreased after the
                 subadult stage (60--120 days older). This study
                 provided basic information on the age, growth, and
                 population structure of B. magister shevtsovi.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sultana:2022:SAS,
  author =       "Rokeya Sultana and Qun Liu and Petra Schneider and Md.
                 Abdullah Al-Mamun and Al Mamun and Md. Farhan Tazim and
                 Mohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder and Mohammed Rashed
                 Parvej and Md. Mostafa Shamsuzzaman",
  title =        "Stock Assessment of Six {Sciaenidae} Species in the
                 {Bay of Bengal}, {Bangladesh} Water Using a
                 {Length-Based Bayesian Biomass (LBB)} Method",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "214",
  day =          "24",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050214",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/214",
  abstract =     "Six most abundant and commercially valuable croakers
                 (Sciaenidae) stocks in the coastal water of Bangladesh
                 were evaluated using a length-based Bayesian Biomass
                 (LBB) approach. The ratios B/B 0 (current relative
                 biomass) were smaller than the B MSY /B 0 in five of
                 the six stocks. For the six estimated populations, two
                 (Otolithes ruber and Pterotolithus maculatus) are
                 grossly overfished, one (Otolithoides pama) is
                 overfished, two (Johnius belangerii and Panna
                 heterolepis) are slightly overfished, and only donkey
                 croaker (Pennahia anea) is in the healthy (B/B 0 {$>$}
                 B MSY /B 0) status. Furthermore, the optimal length at
                 first capture (Lc\_opt) was higher than the length at
                 first capture (Lc) in four populations, indicating
                 growth overfishing, suggesting that increasing mesh
                 size would benefit the catch and biomass. Findings from
                 the present study confirm the declining trend of
                 fisheries resources, particularly the croaker species
                 in the BoB, Bangladesh coastal water. Management
                 strategies (such as effort control, choosing the
                 appropriate mesh size, total allowable catch limit,
                 identify and enhance protection of the feeding,
                 breeding, and nursery ground, etc.) should be taken for
                 the sustainable management and recovery of the
                 country's marine fishing resources, particularly the
                 valuable croaker species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Denis:2022:AGE,
  author =       "J{\'e}r{\'e}my Denis and K{\'e}lig Mah{\'e} and Rachid
                 Amara",
  title =        "Abundance and Growth of the {European} Eels
                 (\bioname{Anguilla anguilla} {Linnaeus}, 1758) in Small
                 Estuarine Habitats from the {Eastern English Channel}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "213",
  day =          "23",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050213",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/213",
  abstract =     "Abundance and growth of the European eel from six
                 small northern French estuaries during their growth
                 phase were examined to explore variations according to
                 the local habitat characteristics. The length--weight
                 relationships and growth models fitted to length-at-age
                 back-calculated otolith growth increments were used to
                 compare the growth. Higher abundances were observed in
                 the smaller estuaries (2.4 to 10.5 ind. fyke nets 24 h
                 {$-$1}). The eel length ranged from 215--924 mm with an
                 age range of 4--21 years. There was no significant
                 difference in fish eel lengths or age except in the
                 Liane estuary where the individuals were larger. The
                 length--weight relationships showed an isometric or
                 positive allometric growth in most estuaries. The
                 Gompertz growth models, which best fits the growth,
                 showed no significant differences between estuaries
                 except for female eels from the Liane and the Somme
                 estuaries where the growth performance index was
                 higher. The estimated annual growth rate varied from
                 2.7 to 115.0 mm{\cdot}yr {$-$1} for female and from 4.4
                 to 90.5 mm{\cdot}yr {$-$1} for male. The present study
                 shows that eels in the six estuaries had CPUE and
                 growth rates similar to those previously reported in
                 larger habitats. These results reinforce the idea that
                 small estuaries are important habitats that contribute
                 significantly to the eel population and, therefore,
                 play an essential role in conservation strategies for
                 European eel.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Guo:2022:CEE,
  author =       "Kun Guo and Zhigang Zhao and Jun Xie and Liang Luo and
                 Shihui Wang and Rui Zhang and Wei Xu and Xiaoli Huang",
  title =        "Combined Effects of Eco-Substrate and Carbon Addition
                 on Water Quality, Fish Performance and Nutrient Budgets
                 in the Pond Polyculture System",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "212",
  day =          "23",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050212",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Aug 27 12:39:13 MDT 2022",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/5/212",
  abstract =     "Traditional aquaculture can cause serious
                 environmental pollution. Biofilm and biofloc technology
                 have the potential to limit aquaculture pollution. An
                 outdoor experiment was conducted to evaluate the
                 combined effects of eco-substrates and carbon addition
                 on water quality, fish performance and nutrient budgets
                 in the pond polyculture system. In the treatment group,
                 the total ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite
                 nitrogen, and total nitrogen of the water were
                 significantly lower compared to the control group (p
                 {$<$} 0.05). The growth performance of H. molitrix and
                 A. nobilis, including the final individual weight,
                 specific growth rate, weight gain rate, total
                 production and net production, was significantly higher
                 in the treatment groups compared to the control (p
                 {$<$} 0.05), while there was no significant difference
                 in those of C. carpio between the two groups. Feed was
                 the main N ({$>$92}\%) and P ({$>$95}\%) input during
                 the experiment. Comprehensive accumulation was the main
                 N ({$>$58}\%) and P ({$>$69}\%) output. The N and P
                 feed input and comprehensive accumulation output
                 declined in the treatment group. The N utilization
                 efficiency in the experimental group increased slightly
                 ($ p < 0.05$), while the P utilization efficiency in
                 the experimental group was significantly higher
                 compared to the control ($ p < 0.05$). Therefore, the
                 application of eco-substrates and carbon addition can
                 increase water quality, improve fish growth, and
                 promote nutrient utilization efficiency in pond
                 polyculture systems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhao:2022:PSR,
  author =       "Hu Zhao and Jiqin Huang and Cheng Fang and Hongying Ma
                 and Han Zhang and Jie Deng and Wei Jiang and Fei Kong
                 and Hongxing Zhang and Hong Liu and Qijun Wang",
  title =        "Predicting Sex-Related Transcripts in the
                 \geoname{Chinese} Giant Salamander (\bioname{Andrias
                 davidianus}): a Transcriptomics Study, Selection Gender
                 for Preservation, Breeding and Reintroduction",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "399",
  day =          "19",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060399",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/399",
  abstract =     "The Chinese giant salamander (\bioname{Andrias
                 davidianus}) is the biggest extant and endangered
                 amphibian, which has an incongruous sex ratio during
                 the artificial breeding process and is sex
                 indistinguishable in appearance. The sex development
                 mechanism of this rare species thus needs to be
                 explored. We therefore conducted this study to explore
                 the molecular mechanisms of sex hallmarks or gonad
                 maintenance genes for CGS. In this study, we sequenced
                 and analyzed the sexually mature male and female gonads
                 of Chinese giant salamanders (CGSs) using RNA-seq
                 technology and found a total of 15,063 differentially
                 expressed genes (DEGs) in the testicular and ovarian
                 tissues, of which 7973 (52.93\%) were expressed in
                 testicular and 7090 (47.07\%) in ovarian tissues.
                 Thirteen gonad DEGs were selected based on gene
                 expression abundance and quantified in the muscle and
                 skin tissues of both male and female CGSs. The results
                 showed that these 13 DEGS, out of the 20 analyzed DEGs,
                 were expressed in both the muscle and skin tissues and
                 only two of them (\gene{Bmp15} and \gene{ZP3}) were
                 consistent in the muscle and skin compared to the
                 gonads of CGSs of the two sexes. Overall, our study
                 should provide an important reference for the
                 sex-characteristics-related genes in this type of
                 species, shedding new light on future research on this
                 topic.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Linh:2022:EDR,
  author =       "Nguyen Vu Linh and Le Thanh Dien and Ha Thanh Dong and
                 Nuttapon Khongdee and Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar and
                 Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa and Mahmoud A. O. Dawood and
                 Hien Van Doan",
  title =        "Efficacy of Different Routes of Formalin-Killed
                 Vaccine Administration on Immunity and Disease
                 Resistance of \geoname{Nile} Tilapia
                 (\bioname{Oreochromis niloticus}) Challenged with
                 \bioname{Streptococcus agalactiae}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "398",
  day =          "19",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060398",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/398",
  abstract =     "Vaccines prepared from formalin-killed Streptococcus
                 agalactiae were administered to Nile tilapia
                 (Oreochromis niloticus) via three different routes:
                 immersion in a water-based vaccine, injection with an
                 oil-based vaccine, and as a water-based oral vaccine.
                 All vaccination treatments increased lysozyme and
                 peroxidase activity in skin mucus of Nile tilapia by
                 1.2- to 1.5-fold compared to their activities in
                 unvaccinated control fish. Likewise, alternative
                 complement, phagocytosis, and respiratory burst
                 activities in the blood serum of the vaccinated fish
                 were 1.2- to 1.5-times higher than in the unvaccinated
                 fish. In addition, the expression transcripts of
                 interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and
                 lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) were 2.3- to
                 2.9-fold higher in the vaccinated fish compared to
                 those in the unvaccinated control. The unvaccinated
                 fish challenged with Streptococcus agalactiae had a
                 survival rate of 25\% compared to a survival rate of
                 78--85\% for the vaccinated fish. The differences
                 between the unvaccinated and vaccinated fish were all
                 statistically significant, but there was no significant
                 difference in any of the indicators of immunity between
                 the three vaccinated groups. Collectively, these
                 results confirm that vaccination with formalin-killed
                 Streptococcus agalactiae significantly improved the
                 resistance of Nile tilapia to infection by the
                 pathogen. Overall, the efficacy of oral administration
                 of the vaccine was comparable to that of vaccine
                 administered via injection, indicating that oral
                 vaccination is a viable cost-effective alternative to
                 administering vaccines by injection.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Stathopoulou:2022:AEP,
  author =       "Paraskevi Stathopoulou and Adamantia Asimaki and
                 Panagiotis Berillis and Nikolaos Vlahos and Efi Levizou
                 and Nikolaos Katsoulas and Ioannis T. Karapanagiotidis
                 and Christos I. Rumbos and Christos G. Athanassiou and
                 Eleni Mente",
  title =        "Aqua-Ento-Ponics: Effect of Insect Meal on the
                 Development of Sea Bass, \bioname{Dicentrarchus
                 labrax}, in Co-Culture with Lettuce",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "397",
  day =          "18",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060397",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/397",
  abstract =     "The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of
                 10 and 20\% replacement of fishmeal (FM dietary group)
                 with the superworm Zophobas morio larvae meal (ZM10 and
                 ZM20 dietary groups) on the growth performance of sea
                 bass (\bioname{Dicentrarchus labrax}) and lettuce
                 plants (\bioname{Lactuca sativa}) reared in aquaponics.
                 Ninety juvenile sea bass with an average body weight of
                 21.55 g/individual were placed in aquaponic fish tanks,
                 together with 24 lettuce plants with an average initial
                 height of 8.90 cm/plant and an average number of leaves
                 of 5.75/plant over a 45-day trial period. At the end of
                 that period, all feeding groups exhibited high
                 survival. In fact, {\Zeta}{\Mu}10 and ZM20 groups
                 showed similar fish weight gain and specific growth
                 rate (SGR) ($ p > 0.05$), but significantly lower SGR
                 ($ p < 0.05$) than the FM group. Nevertheless, final
                 fish body weight and length were similar ($ p > 0.05$)
                 for all feeding groups. No plant mortality was observed
                 during the 45-day study period. All three aquaponic
                 systems resulted in similar leaf fresh weight, as well
                 as fresh and dry aerial biomass. At the end of the
                 experimental period, plants in the third system showed
                 higher fresh leaf weight, total weight of fresh leaves,
                 total dry aerial biomass, and total produced biomass
                 compared to the other two systems. The results of the
                 present study show that fish fed with the ZM10 diet had
                 higher weight gain (WG) than fish fed with the ZM20
                 diet, while the SGRs for ZM10 and ZM20 were similar.
                 Both ZM10 and ZM20 diets result in efficient lettuce
                 production. This study also provides data that
                 enlighten the feasibility of integrating insect meals
                 as fish feeds for aquaponics which helps towards the
                 development of an ento-aquaponic approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dai:2022:FRG,
  author =       "Chen Dai and Xiaoxin Li and Dapeng Luo and Qingming
                 Liu and Yun Sun and Zhigang Tu and Minghui Shen",
  title =        "First Report on Genome Analysis and Pathogenicity of
                 \bioname{Vibrio tubiashii} {FP17} from Farmed Ivory
                 Shell (\bioname{Babylonia areolata})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "396",
  day =          "17",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060396",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/396",
  abstract =     "Ivory shell (\bioname{Babylonia areolata}) is a
                 commercially important aquaculture species mainly found
                 on the southeast coast of China. However, it has been
                 greatly affected by vibriosis in recent years. In this
                 study, FP17 (a potential pathogen) was isolated from a
                 dying ivory shell with ``acute death syndrome'' and
                 confirmed as a pathogen via infectious experiment.
                 Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis based on the average
                 nucleotide identity (ANI) sequencing of the 16S rRNA
                 gene and housekeeping genes (\gene{ftsz}, \gene{gapA},
                 \gene{gyrB}, \gene{mreB}, \gene{pyrH}, \gene{rpoA}, and
                 \gene{topA}) indicated that FP17 was identical to
                 Vibrio tubiashii. Transmission electron microscopy
                 showed that FP17 is curved and has a short rod shape,
                 with a single flagellum. Besides, the calculated LD 50
                 after the intramuscular injection of FP17 was 2.11 $
                 \times $ 10 6 CFU/g at 14 d. The genome of the FP17
                 strain consists of two chromosomes and one plasmid with
                 5,261,336 bp and 45.08\% GC content, including 4824
                 open reading frames (ORFs) and 150 non-coding RNAs
                 (\gene{ncRNA}). Genome mining revealed that 120
                 candidate gene clusters, including vibrioferrin and
                 flagellum-related proteins, are responsible for
                 virulence. Comparative genomic analysis showed that
                 vibrioferrin genes, such as pvs and type
                 \SGMLentity{8549} secretion system protein genes
                 (\gene{vas}), are specific in \bioname{V. tubiashii}
                 FP17 but not in the ATCC19109 strain. Furthermore, 92
                 antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, such as
                 \gene{tufA}, \gene{tet(35)}, \gene{crp}, etc., were
                 mapped within the genome as the potential candidate for
                 virulence, consistent with antibiotic susceptibility
                 assay. This is the first study to describe the complete
                 genome sequence of \bioname{V. tubiashii} infecting
                 ivory shell. The genetic characteristics, virulence
                 factors, and antimicrobial resistance of the
                 \bioname{V. tubiashii} strain FP17 were also
                 explored.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hameed:2022:SAI,
  author =       "Amna Hameed and Waqar Majeed and Muhammad Naveed and
                 Uzma Ramzan and Matteo Bordiga and Maryam Hameed and
                 Saud Ur Rehman and Naureen Rana",
  title =        "Success of Aquaculture Industry with New Insights of
                 Using Insects as Feed: a Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "395",
  day =          "17",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060395",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/395",
  abstract =     "Most of world's fish and seafood are produced by
                 aquaculture, which is one of the biggest contributors
                 to the world's food security. The substantial increase
                 in prices of conventional feed ingredients and the
                 over-exploitation of natural resources are some of the
                 biggest constraints to aquaculture production. To
                 overcome this stress, different approaches and
                 techniques are used, among which the use of
                 non-conventional feed ingredients in the aquaculture
                 sector is the most recent approach. Different
                 non-conventional feed ingredients such as plant-based
                 products, algae (both micro and macroalgae),
                 single-cell protein (bacteria and yeast), and insect
                 meal are currently used in aquaculture for sustainable
                 food production. Amongst all these novel ingredients,
                 insects have greater potential to replace fishmeal. The
                 existence of about 1.3 billion tons of food and
                 agriculture waste from the food chain supply poses a
                 serious environmental threat. Insects are tiny
                 creatures that can thrive on organic waste and thus can
                 convert the waste to wealth by the bioconversion and
                 nutritional upcycling of organic waste. Insects have
                 the potential to recover nutrients from waste
                 aquaculture products, and many fish species feed on
                 insects naturally. Therefore, employing insects in the
                 aquaculture sector to replace fishmeal is an
                 eco-friendly approach. The present review briefly
                 highlights emerging non-conventional feed ingredients,
                 with special attention given to insects. The current
                 review also focuses on the nutritional value of
                 insects, factors affecting the nutritional value of
                 insects, potential insects that can be employed in the
                 aquaculture sector, the physiological response of fish
                 when fed with insect meal, techno-functional properties
                 of insect meal, and emerging approaches for addressing
                 possible downsides of employing insect meal in fish
                 diets. Finally, it suggests avenues for further
                 research into these inventive fishmeal replacements.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Qin:2022:IIP,
  author =       "Gaixiao Qin and Jin Xu and Xiaohui Ai and Yibin Yang",
  title =        "Isolation, Identification, and Pathogenicity of
                 \bioname{Aeromonas veronii}, the Causal Agent of
                 Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Channel Catfish
                 (\bioname{Ictalurus punctatus}) in \geoname{China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "394",
  day =          "17",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060394",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/394",
  abstract =     "Herein, we isolated the pathogenic strain ZZ051 from
                 hemorrhagic channel catfish (\bioname{Ictalurus
                 punctatus}). Physiological and biochemical
                 identification, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, and
                 MALDI-TOF-MS showed that the ZZ051 strain was
                 \bioname{Aeromonas veronii}. After artificial
                 infection, the diseased fish showed symptoms similar to
                 the natural disease, and the characteristics of the
                 bacteria reisolated from the tissues were the same as
                 those of the original infection, indicating that the
                 isolated strain ZZ051 was the pathogen responsible for
                 the channel catfish disease. The ZZ051 isolate was
                 highly sensitive to enrofloxacin but resistant to
                 florfenicol. This study provided a theoretical basis
                 for preventing and controlling hemorrhagic disease in
                 channel catfish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kennedy:2022:UFS,
  author =       "Emily K. C. Kennedy and David M. Janz",
  title =        "The Use of Fish Scale Hormone Concentrations in the
                 Assessment of Long-Term Stress and Associated Adverse
                 Effects on Reproductive Endocrinology",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "393",
  day =          "16",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060393",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/393",
  abstract =     "Investigation of the use of fish scales as a medium
                 for non-lethal biomonitoring has recently commenced.
                 Fish scales have been shown to incorporate cortisol
                 over longer periods of time than blood and thus provide
                 a promising means of assessing long-term stress in many
                 species of teleost fish. However, while cortisol is a
                 major mediator of the stress response in fishes,
                 downstream effects of chronic stress on reproduction
                 can involve gonadal steroids such as progesterone and
                 testosterone. The quantification of these additional
                 hormones alongside cortisol could therefore allow for
                 the assessment of both stress and consequential
                 reproductive alterations. To investigate these
                 concepts, we artificially elevated circulating
                 cortisol, progesterone, and testosterone in rainbow
                 trout (\bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss}) using coconut oil
                 implants for three weeks. Following this we quantified
                 these three hormones as well as 11-ketotestosterone, a
                 potent androgen in teleost fishes. In all cases serum
                 samples reflected a significant increase in the
                 injected hormone confirming the efficacy of this
                 method; however, this did not result in significantly
                 elevated scale concentrations of the same hormone in
                 all cases. As the stress and reproductive axes are
                 closely integrated, these findings are likely a result
                 of interactions along the steroidogenic pathway
                 indicating that a further investigation of the
                 relationship between scale concentrations of these
                 hormones and actual physiological processes is
                 required. Nevertheless, the successful quantification
                 of both stress and gonadal steroid hormones within the
                 scale suggests that such measurements could provide a
                 novel and informative tool in the assessment of
                 long-term stress and the resulting effects on
                 reproductive endocrinology in teleost fishes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lu:2022:CES,
  author =       "Min Lu and Zenghou Xing and Yurui Zhou and Youhou Xu
                 and Huijing Peng and Jie Zou and Solomon Felix Dan and
                 Zhicai She and Pengliang Wang and Jinfeng Liu and
                 Shaomin Qin and Jialin Yang and Peng Zhu",
  title =        "Cloning and Expression of \gene{Sox2} and \gene{Sox9}
                 in Embryonic and Gonadal Development of
                 \bioname{Lutraria sieboldii}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "392",
  day =          "16",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060392",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/392",
  abstract =     "The Sox family plays essential roles as transcription
                 factors in vertebrates; however, little is known about
                 the Sox family in Lutraria sieboldii. L. sieboldii are
                 pleasant to eat with a short growth cycle and have
                 become one of the best bottom-seeded enrichment species
                 in Guang Xi. In this study, \gene{Sox2} (named
                 \gene{LsSox2}) and \gene{Sox9} (named \gene{LsSox9})
                 from \bioname{L. sieboldii} were cloned, and their
                 expression patterns were analyzed. The length of the
                 \gene{LsSox 2} gene coding sequence was 1011 bp,
                 encoding 336 amino acids, and \gene{LsSox 9} was 1449
                 bp, encoding 482 amino acids. \gene{LsSox 2} had its
                 highest expression levels in the ovary, which were 356
                 times those in testis, whereas \gene{LsSox 9} presented
                 higher expression in testis, which was 6 times more
                 highly expressed than in the ovary. \gene{LsSox 2}
                 exhibited the highest expression during the morula
                 stage, which was 20 times that of the D-shaped larvae
                 or zygote. \gene{LsSox 9} exhibited two expression
                 peaks, one at the four-cell stage and the other at the
                 trochophore stage, while the lowest expression was in
                 the zygote. \gene{LsSox 9} was 73 times more highly
                 expressed in the four-cell stage than in the zygote
                 stage. During gonadal development, \gene{LsSox 2}
                 presented the highest expression in the mature ovary,
                 which was 756 times more highly expressed than in
                 mature testis. \gene{LsSox 9} presented higher
                 expression in testis at the emission stage which was 6
                 times more highly expressed than in the ovary. These
                 results indicate that \gene{LsSox 2} and \gene{LsSox 9}
                 may play important roles in embryonic and gonadal
                 development.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liu:2022:CDM,
  author =       "Yang Liu and Yiying Jiang and Zhaobin Pei and Limin
                 Han and Hongrun Shao and Yang Jiang and Xiaomeng Jin
                 and Saihong Tan",
  title =        "Coordinated Development of the Marine Environment and
                 the Marine Fishery Economy in \geoname{China},
                 2011--2020",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "391",
  day =          "15",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060391",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/391",
  abstract =     "The marine environment is the material basis for the
                 survival and development of fishery resources, and
                 changes in the marine environment affect the fishery
                 economy. Therefore, against the background of
                 sustainability and environmental uncertainty, it is
                 important to investigate the development of the marine
                 environment and the marine fishery economy to improve
                 the quality of both. Taking the panel data for 11
                 coastal cities in China from 2011 to 2020, we use
                 several methods, including the entropy method, a
                 coupling harmonious degree model, and a Tobit model, to
                 measure the marine-environment quality and
                 marine-fishery-economy quality, their coordination, and
                 the factors affecting that coordination. We find that
                 (1) the marine-environment quality and marine-fishery
                 economy quality show a significant upward trend over
                 time, but they are spatially unbalanced, with obvious
                 interprovincial differences. (2) Coordination between
                 the marine-environment quality and
                 marine-fishery-economy quality has risen steadily, but
                 the level of coordination is still low, remaining at
                 the primary level in most areas. (3) The important
                 factors affecting coordination between the
                 marine-environment quality and marine-fishery-economy
                 quality include the strength of the marine fishery
                 industry, scale of the marine fishery economy,
                 production capacity of marine fisheries,
                 marine-environment quality, and quality of the marine
                 environment and its resources. In light of these
                 findings, we should increase the coordination between
                 the marine-environment quality and
                 marine-fishery-economy quality by upgrading the marine
                 fishery industry, modernizing marine fisheries, linking
                 the environmental governance of marine and land areas,
                 and strengthening the ecological construction of the
                 marine environment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Carral:2022:RDF,
  author =       "Jose M. Carral and Mar{\'\i}a S{\'a}ez-Royuela",
  title =        "Replacement of Dietary Fishmeal by Black Soldier Fly
                 Larvae (\bioname{Hermetia illucens}) Meal in Practical
                 Diets for Juvenile Tench (\bioname{Tinca tinca})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "390",
  day =          "15",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060390",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/390",
  abstract =     "The development of specific diets for the juvenile
                 stage is a main target for culture intensification of
                 tench (\bioname{Tinca tinca}). Aquafeeds still rely
                 heavily on the use of fishmeal (FM) but concerns about
                 economic and ecological sustainability make the use of
                 alternative protein sources necessary. Insect meals are
                 considered a promising substitute to replace FM. In a
                 90-day experiment, 6 diets with different replacement
                 levels of FM by partially defatted black soldier fly
                 larvae meal (BSFLM): 0\%, 15\%, 30\%, 45\%, 60\% and
                 75\%, were tested on juvenile tench. Survival rates
                 were high (95.8--100\%) without differences between
                 treatments. Diet with 45\% FM replacement allowed for
                 best growth performance in terms of total length (TL =
                 66.4 mm) and weight (W = 4.19 g), without differences
                 with 60\% and 75\% of replacement. A cubic relationship
                 was evidenced between the level of FM replacement and
                 growth. From the regression equations, the estimated
                 optimal level of FM replacement was 47\% (356 g BSFLM
                 kg {$-$1} diet). Externally visible deformities were
                 always under 0.05\%. The whole-body lipid content of
                 the fish had a significantly negative linear regression
                 with BSFLM (r 2 = 0.80). The content of the essential
                 amino acids (EAA) arginine, leucine, lysine,
                 phenylalanine, methionine, and threonine in diets
                 decreased with dietary BSFLM inclusion. However, it did
                 not have a negative effect on growth performance,
                 suggesting that EAA requirements were covered. The
                 amount of essential amino acids in whole-body juveniles
                 was similar independently of the diet provided. The
                 results allow considering BSFLM as a sustainable
                 protein source for juvenile tench feeding.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Qu:2022:SAT,
  author =       "Yunfeng Qu and Ruiyang Liu",
  title =        "A Sustainable Approach towards Fisheries Management:
                 Incorporating the High-Seas Fisheries Issues into the
                 {BBNJ Agreement}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "389",
  day =          "14",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060389",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/389",
  abstract =     "The issue of high-seas fisheries is the main threat to
                 biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction. The
                 BBNJ Agreement, which focuses on biodiversity in areas
                 beyond national jurisdiction, is under vigorous
                 discussion. Subject to the ``not undermine''
                 requirement and considerations of practical interests,
                 it is highly possible that the BBNJ Agreement may not
                 address the issue of fisheries on the high seas. The
                 objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship
                 between the high-seas fisheries issue and the BBNJ
                 Agreement for the purposes of the conservation of
                 marine biodiversity, the unity of the marine ecosystem,
                 and the consistency of regulations. It maintains that
                 from the perspective of protecting the oceans, enacting
                 legislation in areas beyond national jurisdiction, and
                 transforming marine management mode, the issue of
                 high-seas fisheries should be included in the BBNJ
                 Agreement. In the future, the BBNJ agreement needs to
                 clarify its scope of application, resolve overlapping
                 issues through general regulations and conflict rules,
                 clarify the methods and contents of international
                 cooperation, and establish international law
                 obligations for integrated ocean management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pizzul:2022:ENT,
  author =       "Elisabetta Pizzul",
  title =        "Editorial: New Trends in Freshwater Fishes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "388",
  day =          "13",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060388",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/388",
  abstract =     "The issue of high-seas fisheries is the main threat to
                 biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction. The
                 BBNJ Agreement, which focuses on biodiversity in areas
                 beyond national jurisdiction, is under vigorous
                 discussion. Subject to the ``not undermine''
                 requirement and considerations of practical interests,
                 it is highly possible that the BBNJ Agreement may not
                 address the issue of fisheries on the high seas. The
                 objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship
                 between the high-seas fisheries issue and the BBNJ
                 Agreement for the purposes of the conservation of
                 marine biodiversity, the unity of the marine ecosystem,
                 and the consistency of regulations. It maintains that
                 from the perspective of protecting the oceans, enacting
                 legislation in areas beyond national jurisdiction, and
                 transforming marine management mode, the issue of
                 high-seas fisheries should be included in the BBNJ
                 Agreement. In the future, the BBNJ agreement needs to
                 clarify its scope of application, resolve overlapping
                 issues through general regulations and conflict rules,
                 clarify the methods and contents of international
                 cooperation, and establish international law
                 obligations for integrated ocean management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Greco:2022:GEP,
  author =       "Samuele Greco and Anastasia Serena Gaetano and Gael
                 Furlanis and Francesca Capanni and Chiara Manfrin and
                 Piero Giulio Giulianini and Gianfranco Santovito and
                 Paolo Edomi and Alberto Pallavicini and Marco Gerdol",
  title =        "Gene Expression Profiling of \bioname{Trematomus
                 bernacchii} in Response to Thermal and Stabling
                 Stress",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "387",
  day =          "13",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060387",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/387",
  abstract =     "The Antarctic continent is one of the most pristine
                 environments on planet Earth, yet one of the most
                 fragile and susceptible to the effects of the ongoing
                 climate change. The overwhelming majority of the
                 components of Antarctic marine trophic chain are
                 stenotherm organisms, highly adapted to the extreme,
                 but extremely stable, freezing temperatures of the
                 Antarctic ocean, which have not changed significantly
                 during the past fifteen million years. Notothenioid
                 fishes are the most abundant representatives of
                 ichthyofauna at these latitudes, being ubiquitously
                 found in coastal areas across the entire continent.
                 While different Antarctic fish species have been
                 previously subjected to studies aimed at defining their
                 range of thermal tolerance, or at studying the response
                 to acute thermal stress, just a handful of authors have
                 investigated the effects of the exposure to a moderate
                 increase of temperature, falling within the expected
                 forecasts for the next few decades in some areas of the
                 Antarctica. Here, the emerald rockcod Trematomus
                 bernacchii was used as a model species to investigate
                 the effects of a 20-day long exposure to a +1.5
                 {$^\circ $} C increase in the brain, gills and skeletal
                 muscle, using a RNA-sequencing approach. In parallel,
                 the experimental design also allowed for assessing the
                 impact of stabling (including acclimation, the handling
                 of fishes and their confinement in tanks during the
                 experimental phase) on gene expression profiling. The
                 results of this study clearly identified the brain as
                 the most susceptible tissue to heat stress, with
                 evidence of a time-dependent response dominated by an
                 alteration of immune response, protein synthesis and
                 folding, and energy metabolism-related genes. While the
                 gills displayed smaller but still significant
                 alterations, the skeletal muscle was completely
                 unaffected by the experimental conditions. The stabling
                 conditions also had an important impact on gene
                 expression profiles in the brain, suggesting the
                 presence of significant alterations of the fish nervous
                 system, possibly due to the confinement to tanks with
                 limited water volume and of the restricted possibility
                 of movement. Besides providing novel insights in the
                 molecular mechanisms underlying thermal stress in
                 notothenioids, these findings suggest that more
                 attention should be dedicated to an improved design of
                 the experiments carried out on Antarctic organism, due
                 to their extreme susceptibility to the slightest
                 environmental alterations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lin:2022:APP,
  author =       "Pei-Hui Lin and Sai-Wei Chen and Zhi-Hong Wen and
                 Shao-Yang Hu",
  title =        "Administration of the Potential Probiotic
                 \bioname{Paenibacillus ehimensis} {NPUST1} Enhances
                 Expression of Indicator Genes Associated with Nutrient
                 Metabolism, Growth and Innate Immunity against
                 \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila} and
                 \bioname{Streptococcus indie} Infections in Zebrafish
                 (\bioname{Danio rerio})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "386",
  day =          "12",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060386",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/386",
  abstract =     "Probiotics as antibiotic alternatives for preventing
                 and controlling infectious diseases are a relatively
                 eco-friendly strategy in aquaculture. The
                 bacteriocin-producing probiotic \bioname{Paenibacillus
                 ehimensis} NPUST1 was isolated from tilapia culture
                 pond water in our previous study. The present study
                 demonstrated that \bioname{P. ehimensis} NPUST1
                 produced hydrolytic enzymes, including protease,
                 amylase, cellulase, xylanase and lipase. The effects of
                 \bioname{P. ehimensis} NPUST1 on zebrafish nutrient
                 metabolism, growth performance and innate immunity were
                 evaluated by measuring the expression of indicator
                 genes in zebrafish after feeding \bioname{P. ehimensis}
                 NPUST1 at doses of 10 6 and 10 7 CFU/g for 8 weeks.
                 There was an obvious increase in the hepatic mRNA
                 expression of carbohydrate metabolism-related genes,
                 including glucokinase, hexokinase 1,
                 glucose-6-phosphatase, and pyruvate kinase, and
                 growth-related genes, including the growth hormone
                 receptor and insulin-like growth factor-1. The
                 expression of the innate immune-related genes including
                 interleukin (IL)-$ 1 \beta $, IL-6, IL-15, tumor
                 necrosis factor-$ \alpha $, toll-like receptor (TLR)-1,
                 TLR-4, complement component C3b and lysozyme were
                 significantly increased in \bioname{P. ehimensis}
                 NPUST1-supplemented fish. A significant reduction in
                 cumulative mortality was exhibited in \bioname{P.
                 ehimensis} NPUST1-supplemented fish after infection
                 with \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila} and
                 \bioname{Streptococcus iniae}. In conclusion, our data
                 suggested that \bioname{P. ehimensis} NPUST1
                 supplementation in feed could potentially improve
                 nutrient metabolism and growth in addition to enhancing
                 innate immunity and disease resistance against
                 \bioname{A. hydrophila} and \bioname{S. iniae} in
                 zebrafish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Luo:2022:MEI,
  author =       "Wei Luo and Chen Li and Kang Wu and Songming Zhu and
                 Zhangying Ye and Jianping Li",
  title =        "A Method for Estimating the Injection Position of
                 Turbot (\bioname{Scophthalmus maximus}) Using Semantic
                 Segmentation",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "385",
  day =          "11",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060385",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/385",
  abstract =     "Fish vaccination plays a vital role in the prevention
                 of fish diseases. Inappropriate injection positions
                 will cause a low immunization rate and even death.
                 Currently, traditional visual algorithms have poor
                 robustness and low accuracy due to the specificity of
                 the placement of turbot fins in the application of
                 automatic vaccination machines. To address this
                 problem, we propose a new method for estimating the
                 injection position of the turbot based on semantic
                 segmentation. Many semantic segmentation networks were
                 used to extract the background, fish body, pectoral
                 fin, and caudal fin. In the subsequent step, the
                 segmentations obtained from the best network were used
                 for calculating body length (BL) and body width (BW).
                 These parameters were employed for estimating the
                 injection position. The proposed Atten-Deeplabv3+
                 achieved the best segmentation results for intersection
                 over union (IoU) on the test set, with 99.3, 96.5,
                 85.8, and 91.7 percent for background, fish body,
                 pectoral fin, and caudal fin, respectively. On this
                 basis, the estimation error of the injection position
                 was 0.2 mm--4.4 mm, which is almost within the
                 allowable injection area. In conclusion, the devised
                 method was able to correctly differentiate the fish
                 body from the background and fins, meaning that the
                 extracted area could be successfully used for the
                 estimation of injection position.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Barua:2022:ALB,
  author =       "Suman Barua and Qun Liu and Mohammed Shahidul Alam and
                 Petra Schneider and Mohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder",
  title =        "Application of Length-Based Assessment Methods to
                 Elucidate Biological Reference Points of Black Pomfret
                 Stock in the \geoname{Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "384",
  day =          "11",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060384",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/384",
  abstract =     "The black pomfret (\bioname{Parastromateus niger}) is
                 one of the high-income-generating carangid fish species
                 and the only known member of its genus. This study aims
                 to identify existing gaps in stock status and
                 population demography of this species and provide
                 viable management recommendations to enhance the
                 sustainability of this fishery. Therefore, three
                 methodological approaches have been used in this study;
                 TropFishR to present the current exploitation status,
                 the length-based spawning potential ratio (LB-SPR) to
                 quantify stock spawning biomass, and Froese's
                 sustainability indicators (LBI) to establish a basic
                 standard for sustainable management of the fishery. In
                 the length--weight relationship of black pomfret, an
                 allometric growth pattern ($ b = 2.19$) was found. The
                 VBGF life history parameters for black pomfret were L
                 {\infty} = 55.25 cm, K = 0.54 year {$-$1}, and based on
                 LCCC analysis, the total mortality ($ Z = 1.61$ year -
                 1), natural mortality ($ M = 0.69$ year - 1) and
                 fishing mortality ($ F = 0.91$ year -1) are calculated.
                 The result reveals that this fishery is currently
                 suffering from overexploitation and the stock's
                 spawning biomass (SPR = 13\%) is below the limit
                 reference point because most of the catch (82\%) was
                 found to be under the maturity level. Based on the
                 results, this study recommended strictly maintaining
                 the mesh size of the net to ensure not to catch
                 immature fish with a length smaller than 30.63 cm,
                 recommended the length to catch be between 29 and 35
                 cm, and reducing fishing pressure by one-third to
                 ensure the sustainability of the black pomfret
                 fishery.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Rodriguez-Rey:2022:DDS,
  author =       "Marta Rodr{\'\i}guez-Rey and Ga{\"e}l Grenouillet",
  title =        "Disentangling the Drivers of the Sampling Bias of
                 Freshwater Fish across \geoname{Europe}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "383",
  day =          "10",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060383",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/383",
  abstract =     "The Wallacean shortfall refers to the knowledge gap in
                 biodiversity distributions. There is still limited
                 knowledge for freshwater fish species despite the
                 importance of focusing conservation efforts towards
                 this group due to their alarming extinction risk and
                 the increasing human pressure on freshwater ecosystems.
                 Here, we addressed the Wallacean shortfall for
                 freshwater fish faunas across Europe by using the
                 completeness indicator derived from species
                 accumulation curves to quantify the fish sampling
                 efforts. The multiple potential drivers of completeness
                 that were previously related to the sampling efforts
                 for other species (i.e., population density, nature
                 reserves, or distance to cities) were tested using a 10
                 $ \times $ 10 km 2 grid resolution, as well as
                 environmental (e.g., climatic) factors. Our results
                 suggested that although there was an overall spatial
                 pattern at the European level, the completeness was
                 highly country-dependent. Accessibility parameters
                 explained the sampling efforts, as for other taxa.
                 Likewise, climate factors were related to survey
                 completeness, possibly pointing to the river conditions
                 required for fish sampling. The survey effort map we
                 provide can be used to optimize future sampling, aiming
                 at filling the data gaps in undersampled regions like
                 the eastern European countries, as well as to account
                 for the current bias in any ecological modeling using
                 such data, with important implications for conservation
                 and management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ren:2022:CFA,
  author =       "Xiaoliang Ren and Shulun Jiang and Long Ren and Yidong
                 Liang and Di'an Fang and Dongpo Xu",
  title =        "Changes in Fish Assemblage Structure after Pen Culture
                 Removal in \geoname{Gehu Lake, China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "382",
  day =          "09",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060382",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/382",
  abstract =     "The removal of the net enclosure has been used as a
                 lake management strategy in various regions of China as
                 ecological development is given more attention.
                 Nevertheless, little is known about the substantive
                 impact of this measure on fish communities in inland
                 lakes. To this end, the fish community composition and
                 structural features after the removal of the net
                 enclosure in Gehu Lake were explored and evaluated in
                 this study from 2021 to 2022 and compared to the
                 investigation before the net enclosure removal from
                 2017 to 2018. Belonging to 7 orders, 10 families, and
                 46 species, a total of 17,151 fish were collected, with
                 pelagic, sedentary, and omnivorous species dominating.
                 In comparison, the number of species increased by 10
                 after removal, and fish alpha diversity increased. The
                 Index of Relative Importance (IRI) revealed that the
                 composition of dominating species remained constant,
                 including Coilia nasus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,
                 and Hypophthalmichthys nobilis; Parabramis pekinensis,
                 Megalobrama amblycephal, and Culter mongolicus were
                 upgraded from common species to general species. Culter
                 alburnus, Hemiculter bleekeri, and Pseudobrama simoni
                 were downgraded from general species to common species.
                 Elopichthys bambusa had become a common species (IRI =
                 109.35), which was not discovered before removal.
                 According to the hierarchical clustering (HC) and
                 non-metric multidimensional sequencing (NMDS), the fish
                 community of the northern reserve was highly
                 aggregated. As the Abundance Biomass Comparison (ABC)
                 curve and biodiversity index indicated, the fish
                 community structure of the whole lake was in a state of
                 moderate anthropogenic disturbance with reduced
                 stability, while that of the northern reserve was in a
                 state of light anthropogenic disturbance with greater
                 stability. The number of fish species increased in this
                 survey compared to the period before removal, species
                 and dominant species composition altered dramatically,
                 and total lake stability declined. This study
                 demonstrates that the fish diversity in Gehu Lake
                 increased after the removal of the net enclosure.
                 Meanwhile, the stability of the fish community
                 structure was decreased temporarily. Lake restoration
                 is a long-term process, and the underlying impact of
                 the removal of the net enclosure still requires
                 continuous monitoring and further studies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zaccone:2022:INI,
  author =       "Giacomo Zaccone",
  title =        "Immunity and Neuroimmune Interactions at the Mucosal
                 Barriers in Fish",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "381",
  day =          "08",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060381",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/381",
  abstract =     "The removal of the net enclosure has been used as a
                 lake management strategy in various regions of China as
                 ecological development is given more attention.
                 Nevertheless, little is known about the substantive
                 impact of this measure on fish communities in inland
                 lakes. To this end, the fish community composition and
                 structural features after the removal of the net
                 enclosure in Gehu Lake were explored and evaluated in
                 this study from 2021 to 2022 and compared to the
                 investigation before the net enclosure removal from
                 2017 to 2018. Belonging to 7 orders, 10 families, and
                 46 species, a total of 17,151 fish were collected, with
                 pelagic, sedentary, and omnivorous species dominating.
                 In comparison, the number of species increased by 10
                 after removal, and fish alpha diversity increased. The
                 Index of Relative Importance (IRI) revealed that the
                 composition of dominating species remained constant,
                 including Coilia nasus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,
                 and Hypophthalmichthys nobilis; Parabramis pekinensis,
                 Megalobrama amblycephal, and Culter mongolicus were
                 upgraded from common species to general species. Culter
                 alburnus, Hemiculter bleekeri, and Pseudobrama simoni
                 were downgraded from general species to common species.
                 Elopichthys bambusa had become a common species (IRI =
                 109.35), which was not discovered before removal.
                 According to the hierarchical clustering (HC) and
                 non-metric multidimensional sequencing (NMDS), the fish
                 community of the northern reserve was highly
                 aggregated. As the Abundance Biomass Comparison (ABC)
                 curve and biodiversity index indicated, the fish
                 community structure of the whole lake was in a state of
                 moderate anthropogenic disturbance with reduced
                 stability, while that of the northern reserve was in a
                 state of light anthropogenic disturbance with greater
                 stability. The number of fish species increased in this
                 survey compared to the period before removal, species
                 and dominant species composition altered dramatically,
                 and total lake stability declined. This study
                 demonstrates that the fish diversity in Gehu Lake
                 increased after the removal of the net enclosure.
                 Meanwhile, the stability of the fish community
                 structure was decreased temporarily. Lake restoration
                 is a long-term process, and the underlying impact of
                 the removal of the net enclosure still requires
                 continuous monitoring and further studies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Bakit:2022:DEE,
  author =       "Jos{\'e} Bakit and Gonzalo {\'A}lvarez and Patricio A.
                 D{\'\i}az and Eduardo Uribe and Rodrigo Sfeir and
                 Sebastian Villasante and Tomas Gabriel Bas and
                 Germ{\'a}n Lira and Hern{\'a}n P{\'e}rez and Andr{\'e}s
                 Hurtado and Ra{\'u}l Gonz{\'a}lez-{\'A}valos and Jose
                 Castillo-Venenciano",
  title =        "Disentangling Environmental, Economic, and
                 Technological Factors Driving Scallop
                 (\bioname{Argopecten purpuratus}) Aquaculture in
                 \geoname{Chile}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "380",
  day =          "08",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060380",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/380",
  abstract =     "The boom-and-bust trajectory of the Argopecten
                 purpuratus industry in Chile shows the progression from
                 resource extraction (fishing) to production
                 (aquaculture). This paper analyses the effects of
                 environmental, economic, and scientific--technological
                 factors. The influence of each factor on scallop
                 production in Chile was reviewed for the period between
                 the 1980s and 2020. The evaluation of the effects
                 allows the visualisation of the industry's productive
                 evolution and reveals the current challenges. The
                 occurrence of abrupt environmental disturbances,
                 commercialisation under imperfect market
                 configurations, and public and private efforts in
                 scientific and technological advances have acted
                 favourably on scallop production. However, an industry
                 mainly focused on prices and high production volumes
                 did not devote much effort to develop low-cost
                 climate-resilient technologies. Today, economic
                 challenges must be addressed by helping to reduce
                 production costs and add economic value to products and
                 by-products. Our results show that the industry must
                 focus on low-cost technologies, the use of renewable
                 energy, and the circularity of its processes. The
                 environment ensures the capture of natural seeds and
                 their adaptation to climate change. These challenges
                 must not lose sight of the emerging effects of the
                 COVID-19 pandemic.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ding:2022:GMN,
  author =       "Liyun Ding and Yanping Zhang and Jiacheng Chen and
                 Wenjing Chen and Shouqi Xie and Qingtang Chen",
  title =        "Growth, Muscle Nutrition Composition, and Digestive
                 Enzyme Activities of the Juvenile and Adult
                 \bioname{Siniperca chuatsi} Fed on Live Baits and a
                 Formulated Diet",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "379",
  day =          "08",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060379",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/379",
  abstract =     "The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of
                 a formulated diet to replace live baits as feed for
                 Siniperca chuatsi. A 2 $ \times $ 2 factorial design
                 with three replicates was used to investigate the
                 effects of conventional live baits (LB) and a
                 formulated diet (FD) on the growth, muscle nutrition
                 composition, and digestive enzyme activities of S.
                 chuatsi at two growth stages. The results showed that
                 the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the FD group was
                 significantly lower than that in the LB group. The
                 final body weight (FBW) and weight gain (WG) were not
                 significantly different between the two feeding modes.
                 However, at the juvenile stage, the specific growth
                 rate (SGR) in the FD group was significantly lower than
                 that in the LB group. Muscle moisture, crude protein,
                 and crude lipid contents were not influenced by dietary
                 treatments. There were no significant differences in
                 {\SGMLsum}EAA, {\SGMLsum}NEAA, and {\SGMLsum}AA
                 compositions of the juvenile and adult stages fed the
                 two kinds of diets. At the juvenile stage, histidine
                 (His) content in the FD group was significantly higher
                 than that in the LB group; at the adult stage, cysteine
                 (Cys) content in the FD group was significantly higher
                 than that in the LB group; at both growth stages, Met
                 content in the FD group was significantly lower than
                 that in the LB group. The FD group showed higher levels
                 of {\SGMLsum}SFA, {\SGMLsum}HUFA, {\SGMLsum}n-3PUFA,
                 n-3/n-6, EPA, and DHA than the LB group did, whilst the
                 opposite occurred in the MUFA levels. In addition, fish
                 fed with LB had significantly higher values of pepsin
                 and intestinal trypsin activities in the juvenile fish
                 compared to the FD group, but the activities were not
                 significantly different between the two feeding modes
                 at the adult stage. The activities of stomach and
                 intestine amylase in the FD group were significantly
                 higher than those in the LB group. Overall, these
                 results showed that under long-term feeding conditions,
                 S. chuatsi fed with the artificial diet had no
                 significant difference in muscle crude protein, crude
                 lipid, amino acid composition, and digestive capacity,
                 but showed superiority in the composition of fatty
                 acids such as EPA and DHA levels compared to the live
                 baits group. Therefore, the artificially formulated
                 diet might be a more appropriate feeding approach for
                 sustainable development of the S. chuatsi industry.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2022:EDP,
  author =       "Ronghua Wang and Chaobo Lei and Zhenyu Li and Yanju
                 Lei and Congqiang Luo and Liye Shao and Chunhong Huang
                 and Pinhong Yang",
  title =        "Effects of a Diet of \bioname{Phragmites australis}
                 instead of \bioname{Triticum aestivum} {L.} on Immune
                 Performance and Liver Tissue Structure of
                 \bioname{Ctenopharyngodon idellus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "378",
  day =          "08",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060378",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/378",
  abstract =     "This experiment aimed to study the effects on liver
                 tissue structure and immune performance of grass carp
                 Ctenopharyngodon idellus when the common reed
                 Phragmites australis is in its diet, instead of wheat
                 Triticum aestivum L. Seventy-two healthy grass carps
                 (145.52 {\pm} 2.56 g) were randomly divided into three
                 groups according to their body weight. Fishes in each
                 group were fed an essential diet with 0\% (control
                 group), 50\% and 100\% (test group) common reed,
                 instead of wheat, respectively. After feeding for 41
                 days, the changes of serum biochemical indices, liver
                 tissue structure and immune related indices of grass
                 carp were detected. The results showed that, compared
                 with the control group, the activities of serum alanine
                 transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in
                 the substitution groups were significantly increased ($
                 p < 0.05$), but still at a normal level. The contents
                 of total protein, albumin and globulin did not change
                 significantly ($ p > 0.05$). Compared with the control
                 group, the liver cells of grass carp in the
                 substitution groups had clear boundaries, tight
                 arrangement and less vacuolation. The contents of serum
                 interleukin-1 (IL-1) and complement 3 (C3) in the 100\%
                 substitution group were significantly higher than those
                 in the control group ($ p < 0.05$), and the contents of
                 liver IL-1 and total complement (CH50) in the 100\%
                 substitution group were significantly higher than those
                 in the control group ($ p < 0.05$). The contents of
                 IL-1, C3 in serum and IL-1, CH50 in liver in the 50\%
                 substitution group were significantly higher than those
                 in the control group ($ p < 0.05$). The mRNA relative
                 expression levels of C3, IL-1, MHC-I and interferon
                 (IFN) in the head-kidney, kidney, liver and spleen of
                 grass carp were significantly affected by feeding the
                 grass carp with different common reed substitution
                 ratios ($ p < 0.05$). In summary, common reed, instead
                 of wheat, in feed can improve the liver tissue
                 structure, and increase the non-specific immune
                 response level, of grass carp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xiao:2022:MCD,
  author =       "Yangbo Xiao and Rong Huang and Shenping Cao and Dafang
                 Zhao and Zhuangwen Mao and Chuchu Xiao and Zhehua Xu
                 and Xiaomei Zhou and Xinran Zhang and Yu Zhang and
                 Jianzhou Tang and Junyan Jin and Yaoguo Li and Jun Zou
                 and Zhen Liu",
  title =        "Molecular Characterization and Dietary Regulation of
                 Glutaminase 1 (\gene{gls1}) in Triploid Crucian Carp
                 (\bioname{Carassius auratus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "377",
  day =          "07",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060377",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/377",
  abstract =     "Kidney-type glutaminase, encoded by the gls1 gene,
                 plays a critical role in glutamate production and
                 improvement of meat flavor. In this study, a gls1 gene
                 encoding 595 amino acids was cloned from triploid
                 crucian carp (\bioname{Carassius auratus}) (TCC) and
                 showed a high similarity with the gls1 gene found in
                 Cyprinus carpio, Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous and
                 Puntigrus tetrazona. Comparing the abundance of gls1 in
                 different tissues, we found its expression level in the
                 brain and liver were significantly higher than that in
                 heart, gut, kidney, spleen and muscle. gls1 expression
                 in the brain reached the highest value. In addition,
                 the expression levels of gls1 also appeared different
                 in diurnal variation, with the highest expression seen
                 at 9:00, while it was low at 3:00, 6:00, 15:00 and
                 24:00. Furthermore, dietary regulation of gls1
                 expression was investigated in our study. In each
                 feeding trial, each diet was randomly assigned to
                 triplicate tanks. Fish were fed one of the tested diets
                 up to satiation twice daily. The results showed that
                 gls1 expression increased in 32\% protein group and
                 decreased in 35--41\% protein group. The results of
                 different protein source experiments showed that the
                 expression of gls1 gene in the mixed protein group (the
                 control group) was significantly higher than that in
                 the fish meal and soybean meal groups. Glutamate
                 treatment revealed that appropriate concentrations
                 (0.10 mg/mL in vivo and 2.00\% in vitro) of glutamate
                 remarkably improved the expression of gls1. Besides,
                 diets supplemented with 0.80--1.60\% lysine-glutamate
                 dipeptide exhibited a down regulatory impact on gls1
                 expression. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that
                 the expression of gls1 in TCC was increased by 32\%
                 protein diet, mixed protein source diet and diet with
                 2.00\% glutamate concentration, while decreased by
                 0.80--1.60\% lysine-glutamate dipeptide. The findings
                 of this study provide a reference for the regulation of
                 gls1 and have a potential application in the
                 optimization of dietary formula in aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Silkin:2022:ERA,
  author =       "Yuriy A. Silkin and Mikhail Yu. Silkin and Sergey M.
                 Korotkov and Elizaveta N. Silkina and Alla Silkina",
  title =        "Erythrocyte Respiratory Activity of the Mitochondrial
                 Complex of the Black Sea Thornback Ray (\bioname{Raja
                 clavata} {L.}) under the Influence of Certain
                 Activators and Inhibitors In Vitro",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "376",
  day =          "07",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060376",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/376",
  abstract =     "Global warming implies the risk of a changing oxygen
                 regime in the seas and oceans of our planet. The
                 mitochondrial complex of nuclear erythrocytes of
                 cartilaginous fish, as the energy basis of blood cells,
                 has repeatedly encountered such climatic fluctuations
                 throughout their evolutionary history. In this regard,
                 the features of the adaptive strategy of the
                 erythrocyte mitochondrial complex in the thornback ray
                 (\bioname{Raja clavata} {L.}) are of interest from the
                 evolutionary and ecological points of view. The rate of
                 oxygen consumption in resuspended (Ht = 25--30\%)
                 erythrocytes taken from the Black Sea thornback ray in
                 saline was studied by the polarographic method. A high
                 ``basal'' rate of respiration in the erythrocytes of
                 the thornback ray was shown, which ranged from 10.5 to
                 21.6 pmol O 2 min {$-$1} {\cdot}10 6 cells. The
                 addition of substrates of the mitochondrial respiration
                 activators glutamate, maleate, and succinate to the
                 erythrocyte suspension caused a 2--6-fold increase in
                 the respiratory activity of thornback ray erythrocytes.
                 In cases where the rate of respiration of erythrocytes
                 was high, protonophore--dinitrophenol caused an
                 inhibition of the activity of mitochondrial
                 respiration. At low respiration rates of erythrocytes,
                 its effect was opposite and caused a stimulation of
                 mitochondrial respiration. Oligomycin caused a
                 significant inhibition of the respiratory activity of
                 the red blood cell suspension of the thornback ray.
                 This suppression of cell respiration was enhanced under
                 conditions of exposure to the permeabilization of
                 erythrocytes with digitonin. This can be recommended as
                 one of the ways to block the respiratory activity of
                 erythrocytes in cartilaginous fish. Another way of
                 effectively blocking the respiration of the
                 mitochondrial complex of the thornback ray's
                 erythrocytes was the effect of the blockers rotenone
                 and sodium azide. The peculiarity of the mitochondria
                 of the erythrocytes of the thornback ray was the
                 absence of the complete inhibition of respiration by
                 sodium azide (NaN 3), which is characteristic of the
                 mitochondria of other fish species. Our data on the
                 activation of the ``respiration'' of erythrocytes in
                 fish indicate that the potential capabilities of
                 cold-blooded and warm-blooded vertebrates have rather
                 similar characteristics. This may indicate the initial
                 ``laying'' of the architecture of the inner membrane to
                 support the energy potential of the mitochondria of the
                 cell.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Reyes-Mero:2022:YAR,
  author =       "Byron Manuel Reyes-Mero and Ana Mar{\'\i}a
                 Santana-Pi{\~n}eros and Leonela Griselda
                 Mu{\~n}oz-Chumo and Yanis Cruz-Quintana and Enric
                 Gisbert",
  title =        "Yolk Absorption Rate and Mouth Development in Larvae
                 of \bioname{Dormitator latifrons} ({Perciformes:
                 Eleotridae})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "375",
  day =          "07",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060375",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/375",
  abstract =     "Fish larvae suffer high starvation mortality during
                 the transition from yolk absorption to exogenous
                 feeding, and the size of the developing buccal
                 structures limits the food they can consume.
                 Determining the suitable timing and size of live or
                 inert foods could decrease this mortality. We described
                 mouth development and determined the yolk absorption
                 rate and point-of-no-return (PNR) of Dormitator
                 latifrons larvae. One male and one female specimen were
                 induced to spawn using salmon GnRHa implants, and 45 of
                 their larvae were sedated and observed under a
                 microscope every 24 h to measure total length, standard
                 length, yolk sac length, yolk sac width, oil globule
                 length, oil globule width, width of the oesophagus, and
                 length of the upper and lower jaw longitudinal. The
                 growth model, maximum mouth opening, daily survival,
                 and starvation period were determined. The larval
                 growth was fastest during the first 24 h {post$-$
                 hatching} (HPH) at 28 {\pm} 1 {$^\circ $}C with an
                 average increase of 625.42 $ \mu $ m in total length
                 and 573.51 $ \mu $ m in standard length. The highest
                 percentage of yolk absorption (52\%) occurred within 24
                 HPH and at 96 HPH the yolk sac was completely
                 reabsorbed. The PNR was reached at 156.41 HPH ($ p <
                 0.05$). At 96 HPH, the upper and lower jaw were
                 distinguishable by mouth movements. Our results suggest
                 that the larvae of {$ D. l a t i f r o n s$} should be
                 fed at 96 HPH with prey measuring 50--65 $ \mu $ m.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wu:2022:EWT,
  author =       "Xingbing Wu and Xuemei Li and Yongjiu Zhu and Jinling
                 Gong and Tingbing Zhu and Jiajia Ni and Deguo Yang",
  title =        "Effects of Water Temperature on the Growth,
                 Antioxidant Capacity, and Gut Microbiota of
                 \bioname{Percocypris pingi} Juveniles",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "374",
  day =          "06",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060374",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/374",
  abstract =     "It is necessary to determine the optimal temperature
                 for Percocypris pingi growth in recirculating
                 aquaculture systems. To describe the effects of
                 temperature, we evaluated the growth, antioxidant
                 enzyme activity, and gut microbiota structure of
                 \bioname{P. pingi} at different temperatures, including
                 14, 18, 22, and 26 {$^\circ $}C. Results showed that
                 increases in body weight of individuals of the groups
                 subjected to 18 and 22 {$^\circ $}C temperatures were
                 considerably higher than those in the groups subjected
                 to temperatures of 14 and 26 {$^\circ $}C between 20
                 and 60 d after the experiment started. Acid phosphatase
                 activity in the liver and kidneys of \bioname{P. pingi}
                 did not differ significantly among the various
                 temperature groups ($ p > 0.05$). A gradual restoration
                 of the alkaline phosphatase and superoxide dismutase
                 activities to variations in the surrounding temperature
                 was observed in the liver and kidney of P. pingi.
                 Interestingly, the water temperature did not affect the
                 {\alpha}-diversity or composition of the gut microbiota
                 of P. pingi. In conclusion, water temperatures between
                 14 and 26 {$^\circ $}C significantly impacted the
                 growth of P. pingi ($ p < 0.05$) but not the liver and
                 kidney antioxidant capacity or the gut microbiota
                 within 60 d.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dimitriadi:2022:EET,
  author =       "Anastasia Dimitriadi and George Koumoundouros",
  title =        "Elevated Embryonic Temperature Has Persistent Adverse
                 Effects on Zebrafish Swimming Capacity",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "373",
  day =          "06",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060373",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/373",
  abstract =     "In recent years, global warming of anthropogenic
                 origin and its impacts on biodiversity have
                 increasingly gained public awareness. Here, we
                 demonstrate that embryonic temperature can have
                 persistent and crucial effects on zebrafish swimming
                 capacity and cardiac shape. Three different embryonic
                 temperature treatments (T E = 24, 28 or 32 {$^\circ
                 $}C) were applied to zebrafish embryos until hatching.
                 Fish were then raised in common conditions (28 {$^\circ
                 $}C) until adulthood. Ventricle roundness was found to
                 increase significantly with a rise in T E in juvenile
                 (10\% increase) and male (8\% increase), but not female
                 fish. T E and sex significantly affected zebrafish
                 swimming performance. Juveniles, males and females
                 raised in cold (24 {$^\circ $}C) presented
                 significantly greater swimming capacity than those
                 raised at 28 and 32 {$^\circ $}C T E. Our results
                 represent a direct link between the physical capacity
                 of adult fish and embryonic temperature fluctuations
                 that add to the emerging rationale of the potential
                 climate change scenarios on wild fish populations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fu:2022:CTH,
  author =       "Qianni Fu and Jinxia Liu and Tianjiao Ren and Zining
                 Zhang and Zihang Ma and Zhenyu Lan and Yitao Duan and
                 Ziwei Liang and Boyu Chen and Yan Zhang and Peng Zhu
                 and Yongyan Liao",
  title =        "Cloning of Two {HSP} Genes of \bioname{Eriocheir
                 hepuensis} and Their Expression under \bioname{Vibrio
                 parahaemolyticus} Stress",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "372",
  day =          "05",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060372",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/372",
  abstract =     "Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperone
                 proteins that can help maintain cellular protein
                 homeostasis, assist in correcting the folding of
                 cellular proteins, and protect organisms from stress
                 when the body is under stress conditions such as
                 temperature changes or bacterial infections. In this
                 study, the HSP 10 and HSP 40 genes of Eriocheir
                 hepuensis were cloned and named Eh-HSP10 and Eh-HSP40.
                 The results show that the coding sequence length of the
                 HSP 10 and HSP 40 genes of E. hepuensis was 309 bp and
                 1191 bp, encoding 102 and 396 amino acids,
                 respectively. The results of protein domain prediction
                 show that Eh-HSP10 has a Cpn10 domain. The Eh-HSP40
                 protein contains a DnaJ domain, which is characteristic
                 of the HSP 40 gene family. The results of qRT-PCR show
                 that the Eh-HSP 10 and Eh-HSP 40 genes were expressed
                 in different normal tissues, with the highest
                 expression in the heart. Under Vibrio parahaemolyticus
                 stress, the Eh-HSP 10 genes peaked at 6 h, and the
                 Eh-HSP40 peaked at 9 h in the hepatopancreas. In the
                 gill, Eh-HSP10 showed a double peak at 24 and 48 h, and
                 the expression of Eh-HSP40 was time-dependent. In the
                 heart, the expression of Eh-HSP10 increased first and
                 then decreased, whereas Eh-HSP40 peaked at 48 h. The
                 results indicate that the Eh-HSP10 and Eh-HSP40
                 proteins may play a role in protecting E. hepuensis
                 under V. parahaemolyticus infection and that they may
                 be involved in the innate immune response of E.
                 hepuensis against bacteria.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gu:2022:EEM,
  author =       "Lingling Gu and Hui Zhang and Guangpeng Feng and Yong
                 Liu and Zhiqiang Han and Feng Zhao and Qing Ye and
                 Wangjiao Hu and Chao Song",
  title =        "Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Marking Juvenile
                 \bioname{Takifugu obscurus} Otoliths with Strontium",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "371",
  day =          "05",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060371",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/371",
  abstract =     "Strontium marking technology is commonly used for
                 extensive marking in stock enhancement and releasing
                 activities. In order to explore the feasibility of this
                 technology for juvenile Takifugu obscurus, five
                 different concentrations of strontium (0, 12, 18, 36,
                 and 72 mg/L) were set up by strontium chloride
                 hexahydrate (SrCl 2 {\cdot}6H 2 O) and T. obscurus were
                 immersed for 7 days. Then, T. obscurus were reared in
                 non-additive water for 25 days. The results showed that
                 the survival rate of all groups was 100\%, except the
                 72 mg/L group, after 7 days of immersion. Moreover, the
                 growths of all the marked groups were better than that
                 of the control group. There was no significant
                 difference between the control and marked groups,
                 except for the 18 mg/L group, indicating that the
                 appropriate concentration of strontium might have
                 positive effect for T. obscurus. The strontium to
                 calcium (Sr / Ca) ratios of otoliths in the marked
                 groups increased with increasing concentration and
                 time, which were higher than the baseline,
                 respectively. Then, the Sr / Ca ratios returned to the
                 original level, but the peak value was still retained,
                 suggesting that the success rate of the strontium
                 marking reached 100\%. Notably, the residual strontium
                 content of 18 mg/L group was insufficient for causing
                 negative effects for T. obscurus after 25 days.
                 Therefore, in consideration of the growth, survival,
                 and effect of strontium marking on otolith, 18 mg/L is
                 an appropriate concentration for strontium marking of
                 juvenile T. obscurus. This study confirmed the
                 feasibility of strontium marking for T. obscurus and
                 provided a new approach to rationally and
                 scientifically evaluate the stock enhancement and
                 releasing efficiency of T. obscurus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Seo:2022:DID,
  author =       "Haneul Seo and Andre Ditya Maulana Lubis and Tae-Jin
                 Choi and Tae-Sung Jung and Taek-Kyun Lee and Sukchan
                 Lee",
  title =        "Development of an Immunoassay Detection System for Koi
                 Herpesvirus Using Recombinant Single-Chain Variable
                 Fragments",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "370",
  day =          "02",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2022",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060370",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:32 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/370",
  abstract =     "Koi herpesvirus (KHV) is a highly contagious virus
                 that causes high mortality in koi and common carp,
                 leading to a reduction in production worldwide. Recent
                 diagnostic tests based on molecular methods alone
                 (nucleic acid amplification) and indirect immunoassay
                 methods (antibody detection) can be confirmed over KHV
                 infections or prior exposure and latent infections.
                 Unfortunately, there is no established method to detect
                 KHV virus particles, especially when virus titers are
                 low. Therefore, we propose an alternative, direct
                 immunoassay method for viral detection using a
                 single-chain variable fragment (scFv), a specific
                 region of IgG antibodies that binds specifically to KHV
                 particles. The results of functional analyses indicated
                 that four putative scFv candidates, C5, F8, F6, and E4,
                 were specific to KHV, but only F6 and C5 had a high
                 binding affinity. The binding characteristics were
                 confirmed by indirect competitive and sandwich
                 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, which indicated
                 that F6 and C5 have a broad penetration area to the
                 binding region and share a similar epitope with
                 commercial KHV monoclonal antibodies. These
                 characteristics were further confirmed by their
                 interactions with purified KHV coat protein by indirect
                 ELISA and Western blot analyses. In conclusion, the F6
                 and C5 scFvs have adequate binding affinity to KHV
                 particles to permit their use in immunoassays.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sun:2023:RAO,
  author =       "Shuang-Shuang Sun and Shi-Wei Ma and Jun Li and Qin
                 Zhang and Guang-Zhou Zhou",
  title =        "Review on the Antiviral Organic Agents against Fish
                 Rhabdoviruses",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "57",
  day =          "16",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010057",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/57",
  abstract =     "Fish rhabdoviruses are harmful single-stranded RNA
                 viruses with high mortality rates which cause
                 considerable economic losses in aquaculture. It is
                 imperative to explore and develop new antiviral
                 compounds against them. In recent years, in addition to
                 inorganic antiviral substances, more than 50 different
                 organic compounds have been confirmed to be effective
                 in the prevention and treatment of rhabdovirus
                 infection and its dissemination in fish. The main types
                 of extracts or agents and their trial designs are here
                 considered for review. This review reveals the reported
                 antiviral activities of extracts from organisms,
                 proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, nucleic acids,
                 coumarin derivatives, arctigenin derivatives, and other
                 antiviral organic molecules against fish rhabdoviruses,
                 respectively. Additionally, their antiviral mechanisms
                 of action include direct virucidal effects, inhibiting
                 virus-induced host cell apoptosis, the blocking of the
                 viral replication cycle, affecting gene expression and
                 innate antiviral immune responses, and so on. This
                 review also gives perspectives on how to
                 comprehensively explore the potential applications of
                 the candidate molecules, which lay the foundation for
                 the future development of new compounds or strategies
                 for the prevention and control of fish rhabdoviruses in
                 aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xu:2023:AFH,
  author =       "Siqing Xu and Peng Sun and Chi Zhang and Jianchao Li
                 and Xiaoyu Xi and Shuyang Ma and Wenchao Zhang and
                 Yongjun Tian",
  title =        "Age and Feeding Habits of Caml Grenadier
                 \bioname{Macrourus caml} in \geoname{Cosmonauts Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "56",
  day =          "16",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010056",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/56",
  abstract =     "Macrourus caml is a main by-catch in the Southern
                 Ocean fishery and a main prey species of Antarctic
                 toothfish Dissostichus mawsoni; it plays an important
                 role in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. In this study,
                 age estimation and stomach content analysis were
                 conducted by using samples collected from the
                 Cosmonauts Sea in 2021. The main objectives of this
                 study were to estimate the age and diet of grenadier M.
                 caml and explore the feeding habits of M. caml.
                 Morphological analysis and molecular identification
                 were conducted to determine the diet of M. caml in this
                 study. Stomach content analysis showed that M. caml
                 mainly fed on Malacostraca, Sagittoidea, Cnidaria and
                 Algae, with the Malacostraca accounting for over 50\%.
                 The feeding habits of male and female M. caml were
                 similar. The age of M. caml ranged from 9 to 19 years.
                 Additionally, with the increase of body size, the
                 proportion of Cnidaria was decreasing whereas the
                 proportion of Malacostraca was increasing. The results
                 would provide a reference for exploring the trophic
                 level of M. caml and the food web in the Cosmonauts
                 Sea.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Campbell:2023:GDP,
  author =       "Matthew R. Campbell and Eric D. Tretter and James C.
                 Trainer and Richard A. Wilkison",
  title =        "Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of
                 {Shoshone} Sculpin \bioname{Cottus greenei} in the
                 \geoname{Hagerman Valley of South-Central Idaho}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "55",
  day =          "16",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010055",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/55",
  abstract =     "The Shoshone sculpin Cottus greenei is a micro-endemic
                 species and an extreme habitat specialist,
                 geographically restricted to the spring outlets that
                 flow from the Snake River Plain Aquifer into the Snake
                 River within the Hagerman Valley of south central
                 Idaho. Although previous studies documented the range
                 of the species and its relative abundance, no studies
                 have assessed genetic diversity and structure. We
                 sampled 20 populations from throughout the species
                 range and genotyped 1311 with a panel of 12
                 microsatellite loci. Results indicate very high levels
                 of genetic differentiation among most populations
                 (average pairwise F ST = 0.24), indicating limited gene
                 flow. Preservation of the genetic diversity of this
                 species will require the protection and preservation of
                 multiple isolated populations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Henry-Silva:2023:PPW,
  author =       "Gustavo Gonzaga Henry-Silva and Joseanna Alves and
                 Dallas Flickinger and Renata Gomes-Rebou{\c{c}}as and
                 Ambrosio Bessa-Junior",
  title =        "Polyculture of \geoname{Pacific} White Shrimp
                 \geoname{Litopenaeus vannamei} ({Boone}) and Red
                 Seaweed \geoname{Gracilaria birdiae} ({Greville}) under
                 Different Densities",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "54",
  day =          "15",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010054",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/54",
  abstract =     "The present study evaluated a polyculture system with
                 Pacific white shrimp (\bioname{Litopenaeus vannamei})
                 and the macroalga \bioname{Gracilaria birdiae} and its
                 potential to remove nutrients. The experimental design
                 consisted of a shrimp monoculture of 100 animals/m 2
                 (T0) and three multitrophic cultures with L. vannamei
                 (100 animals/m 2) and with G. birdiae at densities of
                 500 (T500), 1000 (T1000), and 2000 (T2000) g/m 2.
                 Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations decreased at the
                 beginning of the experiment in the treatments with
                 macroalgae, but this reduction was not maintained
                 throughout the cultivation period. The stable values of
                 G. birdiae biomass were perhaps related to the high
                 turbidity of the water. There was an increase in shrimp
                 biomass during cultivation, which reached the final
                 individual averages of 7.5 g (T0), 7.6 g (T500), 5.9 g
                 (T1000), and 7.5 g (T2000), with no significant
                 differences between treatments. Nevertheless, the
                 absence of macroalgae growth provides no added profit
                 for the producer. Thus, there is no economic advantage
                 in using G. birdiae in an integrated multitrophic
                 system with L. vannamei at a high density and
                 conditions of high water turbidity.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fernandez-Muela:2023:EFI,
  author =       "Montserrat Fern{\'a}ndez-Muela and Rub{\'e}n
                 Bermejo-Poza and Almudena Cabezas and Concepci{\'o}n
                 P{\'e}rez and Elisabet Gonz{\'a}lez de Chavarri and
                 Mar{\'\i}a Teresa D{\'\i}az and Fernando Torrent and
                 Morris Villarroel and Jes{\'u}s De la Fuente",
  title =        "Effects of Fasting on Intermediary Metabolism Enzymes
                 in the Liver and Muscle of Rainbow Trout",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "53",
  day =          "14",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010053",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/53",
  abstract =     "Fish can go through periods of feed deprivation,
                 either due to natural causes influenced by temperature
                 or management techniques in animal production,
                 affecting their energy metabolism differently,
                 depending on the duration of fasting in days and water
                 temperature. This study showed the effect of different
                 days of fasting before slaughter in rainbow trout by
                 analyzing the intermediary metabolic enzymes in the
                 muscle and liver. For this purpose, a non-fasting group
                 was compared with trout that fasted for 5, 10, and 20
                 days (55, 107, and 200 degree days ({$^\circ $}C d),
                 respectively). A first phase of increased activity of
                 enzymes involved in glycolysis was observed, increasing
                 hexokinase enzyme activity in muscle and pyruvate
                 kinase enzyme activity in muscle and liver. As the
                 fasting days progressed, enzymes involved in the
                 gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic pathways in the liver
                 such as lactate dehydrogenase and glycogen
                 phosphorylase increased their activity regarding the no
                 fasted group. After 20 days of fasting (200 {$^\circ
                 $}C d), lipogenic and protein related enzyme activity
                 depletion was observed, leading to significant changes
                 in energy metabolism. Therefore, prolonged fasting with
                 high degree days duration may compromise the energy
                 supply for the vital development of rainbow trout.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gao:2023:TAI,
  author =       "Jie Gao and Hua-Yang Guo and Ming-Jian Liu and
                 Ke-Cheng Zhu and Bo Liu and Bao-Suo Liu and Nan Zhang
                 and Shi-Gui Jiang and Dian-Chang Zhang",
  title =        "Transcriptome Analysis of the Immune Process of Golden
                 Pompano (\bioname{Trachinotus ovatus}) Infected with
                 \bioname{Streptococcus agalactiae}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "52",
  day =          "13",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010052",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/52",
  abstract =     "The golden pompano (\bioname{Trachinotus ovatus}) is
                 one of the most economically valuable marine fishes in
                 South China. \bioname{Streptococcus agalactiae}, an
                 infectious Gram-positive bacterium that is highly
                 destructive for golden pompano culture, has recently
                 caused massive losses to the golden pompano industry.
                 This study aimed to investigate the dynamic immune
                 response of golden pompano to \bioname{S. agalactiae}
                 infection, using RNA-seq analysis at two different time
                 points after infection. Abundances of differentially
                 expressed genes (DEGs) gradually increased in the liver
                 and spleen 48--120 h post-infection, whereas those in
                 the head kidney were lower at 120 h than at 48 h.
                 Pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed that genes
                 related to the complement system were continuously
                 transcribed between 48 and 120 h. Metabolic and
                 immune-regulation-related pathways were highly enriched
                 in the liver 48 h after infection. Transcriptome
                 analysis was verified using quantitative PCR for eight
                 genes with similar expression trends. This study
                 revealed the inflammatory response of golden pompano
                 after \bioname{S. agalactiae} infection, including
                 inflammation-related chemokines and signaling pathways.
                 Our findings provide a theoretical basis for studying
                 \bioname{S. agalactiae} resistance in golden pompano
                 and provide a reliable resource for the genetic
                 breeding of fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wahltinez:2023:CSS,
  author =       "Sarah J. Wahltinez and Kevin J. Kroll and Donald C.
                 Behringer and Jill E. Arnold and Brent Whitaker and
                 Alisa L. Newton and Kristina Edmiston and Ian Hewson
                 and Nicole I. Stacy",
  title =        "Common Sea Star (\bioname{Asterias rubens}) Coelomic
                 Fluid Changes in Response to Short-Term Exposure to
                 Environmental Stressors",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "51",
  day =          "12",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010051",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/51",
  abstract =     "Common sea stars (\bioname{Asterias rubens}) are at
                 risk of physiological stress and decline with projected
                 shifts in oceanic conditions. This study assessed
                 changes in coelomic fluid (CF) blood gases,
                 electrolytes, osmolality, and coelomocyte counts in
                 adult common sea stars after exposure to stressors
                 mimicking effects from climate change for 14 days,
                 including decreased pH ({$-$0}.4 units, mean: 7.37),
                 hypoxia (target dissolved oxygen $ \approx $1.75 mg O 2
                 /L, mean: 1.80 mg O 2 /L), or increased temperature
                 (+10 {$^\circ $}C, mean: 17.2 {$^\circ $}C) and
                 compared sea star CF electrolytes and osmolality to
                 tank water. Changes in CF blood gases, electrolytes,
                 and/or coelomocyte counts occurred in all treatment
                 groups after stressor exposures, indicating adverse
                 systemic effects with evidence of increased energy
                 expenditure, respiratory or metabolic derangements, and
                 immunosuppression or inflammation. At baseline, CF
                 potassium and osmolality of all groups combined were
                 significantly higher than tank water, and, after
                 exposures, CF potassium was significantly higher in the
                 hypoxia group as compared to tank water. These findings
                 indicate physiological challenges for A. rubens after
                 stressor exposures and, given increased observations of
                 sea star wasting events globally, this provides
                 evidence that sea stars as a broad group are
                 particularly vulnerable to changing oceans.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Alvarez:2023:IAI,
  author =       "Paula Alvarez and Dorleta Garcia and Unai Cotano",
  title =        "Investigating the Applicability of Ichthyoplanktonic
                 Indices in Better Understanding the Dynamics of the
                 Northern Stock of the Population of \geoname{Atlantic}
                 Hake \bioname{Merluccius merluccius} ({L.})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "50",
  day =          "12",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010050",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/50",
  abstract =     "Abundance indices are essential data for the
                 application of stock assessment models to obtain fish
                 abundance estimates. Abundance indices have usually
                 been derived from fishery-dependent data, yet the
                 increase in fisheries-independent surveys is now
                 offering new opportunities for these calculations. In
                 this study, we explored the usefulness of
                 ichthyoplankton indices derived from scientific surveys
                 in estimating spawning biomass. In addition, we also
                 investigated whether the strength of the year--class of
                 the commercial cohort of Atlantic hake, as a
                 determinant, could be defined at an early life stage.
                 We used samples collected during the triennial mackerel
                 and horse mackerel egg surveys (MEGS), which cover the
                 hake spawning area in the Bay of Biscay. The biomass
                 indices were determined as the abundance of eggs in the
                 early development stage (stage 1) when transformed into
                 egg production (EP) from 1995 to 2019 in the months of
                 March and April---which is considered a period of high
                 spawning activity for hake in this area. Additionally,
                 we built a metric for larval abundance and converted
                 larval length into age. This was in addition to
                 constructing a pre-recruit year-class index (YCI) while
                 using the EVHOE bottom trawl abundance database for
                 hake for the period of 1997 to 2016. The results of
                 regression analysis of egg production and spawning
                 stock biomass indicate that both parameters are
                 significantly correlated (r = 0.76). By connecting the
                 abundance of eggs and larvae in the adjoining stages,
                 we are able to identify two periods of high mortality
                 associated with the transition from ``yolk-sac-first''
                 to ``feeding larvae'' and ``late larvae-YCI10'', but we
                 were unable to discover when the strength of the
                 recruitment year--class is determined. As such, it
                 appears that for the northern stock of hake,
                 recruitment is established in the late juvenile
                 stages.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ndashe:2023:ARF,
  author =       "Kunda Ndashe and Bernard Mudenda Hang'ombe and Katendi
                 Changula and John Yabe and Mulemba Tillika Samutela and
                 Mwansa M. Songe and Alexander Shula Kefi and Loziwe
                 Njobvu Chilufya and Martin Sukkel",
  title =        "An Assessment of the Risk Factors Associated with
                 Disease Outbreaks across Tilapia Farms in
                 \geoname{Central and Southern Zambia}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "49",
  day =          "12",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010049",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/49",
  abstract =     "The study investigated the management practices that
                 contribute to disease outbreaks in farmed tilapia in
                 Lusaka and central and southern provinces in Zambia. It
                 was a cross-sectional qualitative study undertaken from
                 January to March 2021 in which questionnaires were
                 administered to 49 farmers to assess their fish health
                 management and biosecurity competence. Data were
                 analysed using means, percentages, ratios, and
                 logistical regression. The results showed that the
                 majority of the farms had high stocking densities
                 ({$>$8} fish/m 2, 44.4\%), reared Nile tilapia
                 (67.7\%), and sourced water for farming from rivers and
                 streams (45.7\%). A few farmers measured water quality
                 parameters daily (16.7\%) and removed dead fish from
                 ponds daily (20.8\%). The stocking density ($ p =
                 0.013$), fish species ($ p = 0.031$), dead fish
                 disposal methods ($ p = 0.023$), and control of
                 predator birds ($ p = 0.016$) influenced the total
                 mortality recorded on farms, while pond type ($ p =
                 0.031$ and $ p = 0.045$), water source ($ p = 0.023$),
                 and stocking density ($ p = 0.027$) influenced the
                 duration of a mortality episode. It is evident that
                 some fish health management practices and biosecurity
                 concepts among tilapia farmers in the study area are
                 inadequate and may not contain disease outbreaks or the
                 spread of pathogens.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kovacic:2023:CQB,
  author =       "Ines Kova{\v{c}}i{\'c} and Ante {\v{Z}}unec and Mauro
                 Mate{\v{s}}kovi{\'c} and Petra Buri{\'c} and Neven
                 Ive{\v{s}}a and Mauro {\v{S}}tifani{\'c} and Jadranka
                 Frece",
  title =        "Commercial Quality, Biological Indices and Biochemical
                 Composition of Queen Scallop \bioname{Aequipecten
                 opercularis} in Culture",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "48",
  day =          "11",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010048",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/48",
  abstract =     "Market demand for scallops has considerably increased
                 in recent decades. Although natural populations of
                 scallops are vulnerable, the queen scallop, Aequipecten
                 opercularis, can represent a possible alternative to
                 at-risk species. The aim of this study was to determine
                 the effect of seawater parameters on the commercial
                 quality, biological indices and nutritional quality of
                 the scallop A. opercularis in 1900 L tanks in ex situ
                 conditions. The condition index (CI) and meat yield
                 (MY) peaked in autumn (89.92\% and 40.29\%,
                 respectively). The muscle index (MI) showed the highest
                 peak during the winter season (5.96\%), while the
                 gonadosomatic index (GSI) (34.06\%) peaked in the
                 spring months. Protein content (6.89--9.56 g/100 g),
                 lipids (2.58--2.79 g/100 g) and carbohydrates
                 (0.12--0.33 g/100 g) varied during the study period.
                 Seasonal fluctuations in seawater temperature and pH
                 negatively influenced the CI, MY and protein and lipid
                 content, while positively affecting carbohydrate and
                 moisture content. The most suitable period of the year
                 for the consumption of the scallop A. opercularis was
                 found to be the winter and spring periods, when the
                 scallops achieved their highest nutritional value. It
                 can be stated from this study that queen scallops in
                 the Adriatic Sea have a high nutritional quality and
                 that they can be proposed for higher human
                 consumption.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Long:2023:EFD,
  author =       "Qiaolin Long and Jian Liu and Yunfei Sun and Zhigang
                 Yang and Boping Tang and Yongxu Cheng",
  title =        "The Effect of Food Deprivation on Foraging Behavior
                 and Digestive and Metabolic Capacities of the
                 \geoname{Chinese} Mitten Crab, \bioname{Eriocheir
                 sinensis}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "47",
  day =          "11",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010047",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/47",
  abstract =     "Food deprivation is a common stress in crustaceans
                 that can affect their behavior and physiology. In this
                 study, a video recording analysis system was used to
                 compare the predation rate and behavior of the Chinese
                 mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, foraging on the
                 freshwater snail, Bellamya quadrata, under different
                 degrees of food deprivation. The activities of lactate
                 dehydrogenase, {\alpha}-amylase, pepsin, and lipase in
                 the hepatopancreas of crabs were determined after food
                 deprivation for 0, 3, 9, and 15 days. The results
                 showed that the predation and encounter rates of E.
                 sinensis increased and then decreased with an increase
                 in food deprivation time. The proportion of stationary
                 time of E. sinensis initially decreased and then
                 increased, whereas the proportion of searching and
                 handling time increased initially and then decreased.
                 There was a significant difference in the probability
                 of capture upon encountering; however, food deprivation
                 did not significantly affect the probability of
                 consumption upon capture. Under food deprivation, the
                 proportion of E. sinensis crushing tactics after
                 nine-day food deprivation was significantly lower than
                 that in the first nine days. Lactate dehydrogenase
                 activity in the E. sinensis hepatopancreas after food
                 deprivation was significantly higher than that in those
                 not subjected to food deprivation, and the activities
                 of {\alpha}-amylase and pepsin in the hepatopancreas
                 were consistent with the predation rate trend, showing
                 an initial increase followed by a decrease. In
                 conclusion, different degrees of food deprivation
                 significantly affected the predation cycle of E.
                 sinensis on B. quadrata. These results lay a solid
                 foundation for further studies on the foraging
                 behavioral ecology of E. sinensis and provide important
                 information for improving E. sinensis production.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2023:ECA,
  author =       "Jiaqi Wang and Chunxia Gao and Feng Wu and Libin Dai
                 and Qiuyun Ma and Siquan Tian",
  title =        "Environmental Characteristics Associated with the
                 Presence of the Pelagic Stingray
                 (\bioname{Pteroplatytrygon violacea}) in the
                 \geoname{Pacific} High Sea",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "46",
  day =          "10",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010046",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/46",
  abstract =     "The pelagic stingray (\bioname{Pteroplatytrygon
                 violacea}), perhaps the only stingray to inhabit open
                 ocean waters, is highly interactive with longline and
                 purse seine fisheries. The threat to \bioname{P.
                 violacea} posed by high bycatch mortality has received
                 widespread attention. To date, the environmental
                 preference of \bioname{P. violacea}, which is important
                 in designing conservation and management measures, has
                 not been well studied. Based on data collected during a
                 2016--2019 survey in the Pacific Ocean by national
                 observers of tuna longline fisheries, the relationship
                 between the presence of \bioname{P. violacea} and
                 spatiotemporal and environmental variables was first
                 analyzed using the Generalized Additive Model. The
                 results showed that geographic location (latitude and
                 longitude) was the most influential variable. Monthly,
                 \bioname{P. violacea} is frequently present in the
                 Pacific high sea from December to May. The El
                 Ni{\~n}o--Southern Oscillation had a significant impact
                 on the presence of \bioname{P. violacea} in the Pacific
                 high sea, with both the cold (Ocean Nino Index $ < -
                 0.5$) and warm (Ocean Nino Index $ > 1 $) phases
                 leading to a decrease in its presence. Regarding the
                 environmental factors, we found that high presence was
                 associated with low salinity (33.0 $ \approx $ 34.5
                 psu), a relatively high concentration of chlorophyll
                 (0.2 -- 0.35 m g / m 3), and warm water ($ > 20^\circ
                 $C). \bioname {P. violacea} was most likely observed in
                 the waters offshore, closer to seamounts, and with
                 water depths between 4000 and 5000 m. Four areas,
                 including those east of the Solomon Islands and east of
                 Kiribati, areas west of the Galapagos Islands, and
                 areas near the coastal upwelling of northern Peru,
                 related to upwelling systems or seamounts, were
                 identified as the potential key habitats of \bioname
                 {P. violacea}. Predicted distribution maps showed a
                 significant seasonal variation in the presence of
                 \bioname {P. violacea}. Moreover, the yearly change in
                 the presence of \bioname {P. violacea} in the Pacific
                 high sea indicated a possible decreasing trend in
                 recent years. The information first provided here is
                 essential for developing conservation and management
                 measures for \bioname {P. violacea} to prevent the
                 unavoidable ecological consequences of bycatch or other
                 anthropogenic factors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zheng:2023:CAF,
  author =       "Yueping Zheng and Jiehao Liu and Jianan Xu and Houyong
                 Fan and Youji Wang and Ping Zhuang and Menghong Hu",
  title =        "Comparison of Artificial Feed and Natural Food by the
                 Growth and Blood Biochemistry in \geoname{Chinese}
                 Sturgeon \bioname{Acipenser sinensis}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "45",
  day =          "10",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010045",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/45",
  abstract =     "As an endangered animal species, the Chinese sturgeon
                 (\bioname{Acipenser sinensis}) has been artificially
                 cultured during recent years. In the present
                 experiment, the performance of a common formulated feed
                 and a mixed natural feed on the growth and blood
                 physiology of Chinese sturgeon were compared during one
                 year of indoor culture. In terms of specific growth
                 rate, the formulated diet group showed a higher value
                 (4.2\%) compared with the natural food group
                 ({$-$1}.8\%) during one year of indoor culture. Alanine
                 aminotransferase activities of the sturgeons in
                 formulated diet group was significantly higher than
                 that in the natural food group throughout whole
                 experiment period ($ p < 0.05$). The total protein
                 albumin, albumin and globulin contents of the natural
                 food group were significantly higher than that of the
                 formulated diet group in February and May ($ p <
                 0.05$). The C-reactive protein contents of the
                 formulated diet group were significantly higher than
                 that of natural food group in May and August ($ p <
                 0.05$). The activities of total cholesterol,
                 high-density cholesterol, and low-density cholesterol
                 were significantly higher in the natural food group
                 than those in the formulated diet group ($ p < 0.05$).
                 The activities of triglycerides were significantly
                 higher in the natural food group than those in the
                 formulated diet group in February and May ($ p <
                 0.05$). Almost half of the biochemical indicators
                 examined show significant seasonal fluctuations,
                 indicating that seasons have a substantial impact on
                 the Chinese sturgeon. Overall, these results indicate
                 that natural food exerted a positive impact on
                 physiological indicators compared to the formulated
                 diet.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Quigg:2023:FWC,
  author =       "Antonietta Quigg and R. J. David Wells and Jay R.
                 Rooker and Ronald L. Hill and Larissa L. Kitchens and
                 Michael A. Dance and David L. Moulton and Phillip J.
                 Sanchez and Beatrice Padovani Ferreira",
  title =        "Food Web Connectivity in a Mangrove--Seagrass--Patch
                 Reef ({MSP}) Seascape: Lessons from a Tropical
                 Back-Reef in \geoname{Puerto Rico}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "44",
  day =          "08",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010044",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/44",
  abstract =     "Alterations to the functions and connectivity of
                 mangrove--seagrass--patch reef (MSP) seascapes have the
                 potential to impact the survival, foraging activities,
                 and movement of reef-dependent invertebrates (e.g.,
                 crabs and shrimp) and fishes. In the current study, we
                 examined carbon flow in the Gu{\'a}nica Biosphere
                 Reserve in southwestern Puerto Rico using pigment
                 analysis of particulate organic matter and stable
                 isotope analysis of carbon ({\delta} 13 C) and nitrogen
                 ({\delta} 15 N) in flora and fauna. Several lines of
                 evidence pointed to N 2 fixers (cyanobacteria) being
                 important for fueling primary productivity in this
                 oligotrophic ecosystem including low ({$<$0}.7 $ \mu $
                 g L {$-$1}) chlorophyll, prevalence of cyanobacteria
                 based on pigment signatures, and the isotope signatures
                 of seagrass and red mangrove leaf tissue (enriched
                 {\delta} 15 N values) and consumers (depleted {\delta}
                 15 N values). Food web mixing models based on stable
                 isotopes ({\delta} 13 C and {\delta} 15 N) revealed
                 that multiple producers (phytoplankton, benthic
                 microalgae, seagrasses, etc.) contributed organic
                 matter to the consumers (zooplankton, invertebrates,
                 and fishes) in the MSP seascape at the center of the
                 reserve. Contribution estimates for common benthic
                 invertebrates (crabs and shrimp) were taxon-specific,
                 and the highest input was generally linked to
                 particulate organic matter (POM) and benthic microalgae
                 (BMA)/seagrass producer categories, although meaningful
                 mangrove contribution was observed for some taxa.
                 Similarly, contribution estimates for fishes were
                 highest for POM and BMA/seagrass, with the latter
                 producer category being more important for species
                 known to migrate from mangroves or patch reefs to
                 seagrass beds at night (bluestriped grunt, French
                 grunt, and white grunt). Although all fish investigated
                 were observed in mangrove prop-root habitats, input of
                 organic matter from mangroves to these consumers was
                 typically limited for most of the species examined.
                 Understanding these complex seascapes contributes to
                 our understanding of the ecology of these vital
                 ecosystems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zaccone:2023:LAA,
  author =       "Giacomo Zaccone and Alessio Alesci and Doaa M. Mokhtar
                 and Marialuisa Aragona and Maria Cristina Guerrera and
                 Gioele Capillo and Marco Albano and Jorge de Oliveira
                 Fernandes and Viswanath Kiron and Ramy K. A. Sayed and
                 Marwa M. Hussein and Patrizia Lo Cascio and Michal
                 Kuciel and Krystyna Zuwala and Antonino German{\`a} and
                 Jose Manuel Icardo and Eugenia Rita Lauriano",
  title =        "Localization of Acetylcholine, Alpha 7-{NAChR} and the
                 Antimicrobial Peptide Piscidin 1 in the Macrophages of
                 Fish Gut: Evidence for a Cholinergic System, Diverse
                 Macrophage Populations and Polarization of Immune
                 Responses",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "43",
  day =          "08",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010043",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/43",
  abstract =     "The recognition and elimination of invading pathogens
                 are vital for host survival. Macrophages play a central
                 role in host protection and cells functionally
                 reminiscent of vertebrate macrophages are present in
                 all multicellular organisms. A pattern responsible for
                 bacterial recognition found on the surface of
                 macrophages is CD14. These cells possess a repertoire
                 of antimicrobial molecules stored in their granules and
                 lysosomes. Polarization states observed in mammalian
                 macrophages termed M1 and M2 also likely exist in fish
                 macrophages. Markers for macrophage subtypes are slowly
                 but definitively emerging in fish species. In the
                 present study cell markers such as CD14, acetylcholine,
                 alpha 7 acetylcholine nicotinic receptor (nAChR)
                 subtype, the inducible nitric oxidase synthase (iNOS),
                 and the antimicrobial peptide piscidin 1 are reported
                 for the first time in the intestinal macrophages of
                 both catfish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794) and
                 the African bonytongue Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier,
                 1829) along the anterior and the posterior axis and the
                 concentric muscle layers. Many antimicrobial effector
                 responses of vertebrate macrophages including
                 respiratory burst and NO induction are similar across
                 the diverse animal taxa. Antibodies against calbindin
                 coupled with ones to VAChT and tubulin revealed the
                 localization of myenteric and submucosal plexuses,
                 which are made up of enteric neurons, glial cells, and
                 nerves near macrophages. Current studies allow for the
                 elucidation of multiple roles of macrophages in disease
                 models providing an insight into their in vivo function
                 in fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Barnes:2023:CAM,
  author =       "Megan Barnes and Brad Ebanks and Andrew MacColl and
                 Lisa Chakrabarti",
  title =        "A Common Anaesthetic, {MS-222}, Alters Measurements
                 Made Using High-Resolution Respirometry in the
                 Three-Spined Stickleback (\bioname{Gasterosteus
                 aculeatus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "42",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010042",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/42",
  abstract =     "Submersion in the anaesthetic MS-222 is a
                 well-established and effective method used during the
                 euthanasia of fish, but the consequences of treatment
                 with this anaesthetic for mitochondrial respiration are
                 yet to be established. This is important to evaluate,
                 as an increasing amount of research is conducting
                 high-resolution respirometry to measure respiration
                 across multiple species of fish, including looking at
                 thermal sensitivity and mitochondrial responses to the
                 warmer temperatures faced with climate change. Analysis
                 often occurs after euthanasia with MS-222 without
                 knowledge of how MS-222 itself affects any measured
                 parameters of mitochondrial respiration, leaving
                 potential for a misinterpretation of results. Here,
                 high-resolution respirometry was conducted to explore
                 how MS-222 affects oxidative phosphorylation in the
                 brain and skeletal muscle of the three-spined
                 stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, which is a model
                 species in evolutionary ecology. In the brain,
                 differences in respiration were observed between
                 three-spined sticklebacks euthanised with MS-222 and
                 those where no anaesthetic was implemented. No
                 differences between treatments were observed in the
                 skeletal muscle, although variation between individuals
                 was high and oxygen flux was lower than in the brain.
                 Overall, this study highlights the need for a
                 consistent method of euthanasia when conducting
                 high-resolution respirometry in fish, as MS-222 may
                 alter measures of oxidative phosphorylation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Przybyla-Kelly:2023:RGD,
  author =       "Kasia J. Przybyla-Kelly and Ashley M. Spoljaric and
                 Meredith B. Nevers",
  title =        "Round Goby Detection in \geoname{Lakes Huron and
                 Michigan} --- an Evaluation of {eDNA} and Fish
                 Catches",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "41",
  day =          "06",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010041",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See correction \cite{Przybyla-Kelly:2023:CPK}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/41",
  abstract =     "Aquatic surveys for fish in large water bodies (e.g.,
                 Laurentian Great Lakes of North America) often require
                 a flexible approach using multiple methods, surveying
                 different depths, and sampling across seasons,
                 especially when the target species is elusive in its
                 natural habitat. The round goby (\bioname{Neogobius
                 melanostomus}) is an invasive, bottom-dwelling fish
                 inhabiting rocky areas of all five Great Lakes. While
                 trawl surveys are typically used for abundance
                 assessments, angling has been demonstrated as a means
                 of supplementing surveys with additional data. Yet,
                 round goby abundance and distribution is still not well
                 described. Recently, with considerable success,
                 scientists have explored sampling environmental DNA
                 (eDNA) to complement traditional monitoring techniques
                 for population abundance estimates, early detection of
                 invasive species, and spawning or migration events.
                 Therefore, we collected eDNA from water samples
                 alongside bottom trawls and hook and line angling in
                 Lakes Huron and Michigan to detect round goby. eDNA
                 samples were analyzed by both droplet digital PCR
                 (ddPCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) to maximize the
                 likelihood of detection. Overall, round goby was
                 captured in 23\% of the trawls, but the eDNA based
                 methods detected round goby in 74\% and 66\% of samples
                 by ddPCR and qPCR, respectively, mostly in samples
                 collected at {$<$30} m depths, and mostly in the fall.
                 More studies comparing eDNA based methods to
                 traditional monitoring, especially trawls in large open
                 waters, may contribute to a better understanding of
                 using eDNA in population assessments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kang:2023:SSE,
  author =       "Chang-Keun Kang and Hyun-Woo Kim and Hyun Je Park and
                 Chung Il Lee",
  title =        "Sharing Scientific Evidence of the Response of Aquatic
                 Animals to Environmental Change",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "40",
  day =          "05",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010040",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/40",
  abstract =     "Aquatic animals, which are ecologically important
                 consumers in aquatic ecosystems and widely distributed
                 in rivers, lakes, and seas, which occupy 70\% of the
                 earth's surface, respond in unique ways to
                 environmental changes at various temporal and spatial
                 scales, and have optimized strategies for survival
                 \ldots{}",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Samy-Kamal:2023:DMS,
  author =       "Mohamed Samy-Kamal and C{\'e}lia M. Teixeira",
  title =        "Diagnosis and Management of Small-Scale and
                 Data-Limited Fisheries",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "39",
  day =          "05",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010039",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/39",
  abstract =     "Aquatic animals, which are ecologically important
                 consumers in aquatic ecosystems and widely distributed
                 in rivers, lakes, and seas, which occupy 70\% of the
                 earth's surface, respond in unique ways to
                 environmental changes at various temporal and spatial
                 scales, and have optimized strategies for survival
                 \ldots{}",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Vercelli:2023:TRI,
  author =       "Cristina Vercelli and Michela Amadori and Massimiliano
                 Tursi and Graziana Gambino and Paolo Pastorino and
                 Marino Prearo and Ugo Ala and Raffaella Barbero and
                 Giovanni Re",
  title =        "{TRPV1} Receptor Identification in Rainbow Trout
                 (\bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss}) and Evaluation of the
                 Effects Produced by \bioname{Ocimum basilicum} Super
                 Critical Fluid Extract",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "38",
  day =          "04",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010038",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/38",
  abstract =     "Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1)
                 has been investigated in humans and mammals; in recent
                 years, some researchers have focused on this receptor
                 in fishes. The present study aimed to identify TRPV1
                 receptors in cultures of RT-gill W1 cells and in the
                 organs of rainbow trout (\bioname{Oncorhynchus
                 mykiss}), in addition to evaluating the possible
                 modulation induced by super critical fluid extract of
                 basil (\bioname{Ocimum basilicum}), named F1-BEO. In
                 vitro evaluation consisted of cell cultures and
                 immunocytochemistry assays. During in vivo experimental
                 sessions, eighty trout were divided into five groups
                 that received a fish diet supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1,
                 2 and 3\% w / w F1-BEO. Forty trout were euthanized
                 after 15 and 30 days; organs were collected and
                 processed according to the immunohistochemistry
                 technique. Receptor expression was quantitatively
                 measured using Image Pro Plus software. TRPV1 was
                 identified in RT-gill W1 cells and in all organs, with
                 a higher positivity in the muscle layers of the
                 stomach, intestine and kidneys. F1-BEO induced an
                 increased expression of TRPV1 in the stomach while a
                 lower expression was appreciated in the bowel. No
                 morphological alterations have been highlighted in the
                 liver or kidneys. Further investigation will be
                 necessary to evaluate the functionality of this
                 receptor in rainbow trout.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gauthier:2023:TCR,
  author =       "Nath{\'a}lia Byrro Gauthier and Filipe Scavone
                 G{\'o}es and Virg{\'\i}nia Fonseca Pedrosa and
                 F{\'a}bio Roselet and Luis Alberto Romano and Ronaldo
                 Olivera Cavalli",
  title =        "Towards the Control of the Reproduction of the Yellow
                 Clam \bioname{Amarilladesma mactroides} ({Reeve}, 1854)
                 in Captivity: Effects of Different Stimuli on the
                 Spawning of Laboratory-Conditioned and Unconditioned
                 Breeders",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "37",
  day =          "04",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010037",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/37",
  abstract =     "The effects of temperature manipulation, addition of
                 sperm solution, and exposure to alkalized pH and/or
                 hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) as possible spawning
                 inducers in laboratory-conditioned and unconditioned
                 adults of the yellow clam (\bioname{Amarilladesma
                 mactroides}) were evaluated. In three trials, clams
                 were laboratory-conditioned for 14 days and exposed to
                 thermal shocks (from 20 {$^\circ $}C to 23--29 {$^\circ
                 $}C), while clams from three additional trials were not
                 conditioned but acclimatized for 45 min before spawning
                 induction. Although conditioning advanced gonad
                 maturity and increased the condition factor, none of
                 the thermal treatments triggered spawning in these
                 first trials. Histological analysis indicated that the
                 gonads of conditioned clams were not mature.
                 Alternatively, unfertilized and fertilized eggs, and
                 larvae were observed after unconditioned clams were
                 induced to spawn. The gonads of unconditioned clams
                 were in an advanced stage of maturity. Exposure to
                 temperature shocks, alone or in combination with the
                 addition of sperm solution and with H 2 O 2, resulted
                 in spawning. Clams exposed to H 2 O 2 kept their valves
                 closed and had a high mortality rate. Temperature
                 manipulation is the most promising stimulus to induce
                 spawning in A. mactroides. As the success of
                 conditioning depends on the stage of gonadal
                 development at the time of capture in the wild, a
                 period longer than 14 days may be necessary.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2023:IUU,
  author =       "Xidi Chen and Qi Xu and Lun Li",
  title =        "Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing
                 Governance in Disputed Maritime Areas: Reflections on
                 the International Legal Obligations of States",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "36",
  day =          "03",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010036",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/36",
  abstract =     "Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing in
                 the disputed maritime areas causes significant damage
                 to the marine ecology and authorized fisheries,
                 increases the risk of conflicts among disputed states,
                 and violates human rights at sea. Both unilateral
                 measures and cooperative governance for IUU fishing are
                 often inadequate in these areas. In light, this study
                 aims to clarify the regulatory obligations of relevant
                 states and explore feasible solutions based on
                 international cooperation to promote IUU governance in
                 disputed areas worldwide. The rapidly evolving
                 international fisheries legal framework requires that
                 states, such as coastal states, flag states, port
                 states, or market states, fulfill their respective
                 obligations to prevent and deter IUU and that the
                 presence of disputes in a specific maritime area does
                 not typically constitute grounds for derogation from
                 these obligations or exemption from possible state
                 responsibility. However, the implications of the
                 conflicting claims in disputed maritime areas should be
                 taken into consideration while interpreting and
                 applying international legal rules. Therefore, this
                 study suggests that regional and inter-regional
                 cooperation is necessary for states to fulfill their
                 obligations to regulate IUU fishing and prevent state
                 responsibilities under international law. Parties to
                 the dispute, as well as third parties, are encouraged
                 to participate in the cooperative mechanism in order to
                 coordinate legislative and enforcement measures and
                 advance the institutionalization of IUU fishing
                 regulation in the disputed maritime areas, which will
                 not only advances the effective governance of IUU
                 fishing but also reduces tensions among the disputing
                 states and contributes to the peaceful settlement of
                 the dispute.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ferri:2023:OTA,
  author =       "Josipa Ferri",
  title =        "Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "35",
  day =          "03",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010035",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/35",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zuo:2023:EUF,
  author =       "Chenxia Zuo and Tingting Zhang and Chenchen Zhang and
                 Daotan Zhao and Yi Zhu and Xiaojie Ma and Haiyan Wang
                 and Peizhen Ma and Zhen Zhang",
  title =        "Evaluating the Utility of Five Gene Fragments for
                 Genetic Diversity Analyses of \bioname{Mytella
                 strigata} Populations",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "34",
  day =          "03",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010034",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/34",
  abstract =     "Mytella strigata (Hanley, 1843) is an invasive mussel
                 species that has rapidly spread in China in recent
                 years. Here, we tested the utility of three
                 mitochondrial gene fragments, COI, 12S, and 16S, and
                 two nuclear gene fragments, D1 28S and 18S-ITS1, for
                 characterizing the levels of genetic diversity among
                 and within populations using 191 M. strigata specimens
                 collected in China to aid ongoing efforts to identify
                 the origin of the invasion as well as molecular genetic
                 studies. M. strigata exhibited two sex-associated
                 haplogroups according to the COI and 12S sequences. The
                 ratio of female-lineage to male-lineage COI and 12S
                 sequences was 149:22 and 72:7, and the genetic
                 distances between haplogroups were 6.56 and 9.17,
                 respectively. Only one haplotype was detected among the
                 18S-ITS1 sequences (413 bp), and three haplotypes were
                 detected among the D1 28S sequences (296 bp). The
                 haplotype diversity of both the female-lineage COI and
                 12S sequences was greater than 0.5, and the nucleotide
                 diversity of the 12S, 16S, D1 28S, and 18S-ITS1
                 sequences was less than 0.005 in all six populations in
                 China. Our findings indicated that COI is the most
                 useful gene fragment for genetic diversity studies of
                 M. strigata populations; D1 28S and 18S-ITS1 sequences
                 would be useful for species identification because of
                 their low intraspecific diversity. Our genetic analysis
                 of the COI sequences revealed Colombia as the most
                 likely origin of M. strigata in China and showed that
                 the invasive populations in China have recently
                 experienced or are currently experiencing a population
                 bottleneck.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Huang:2023:CMC,
  author =       "Zengchao Huang and Liwen Xu and Shiping Yang and
                 Shuanghu Cai and Jichang Jian and Yucong Huang",
  title =        "A Case of Mycobacteriosis in Cultured
                 \geoname{Japanese} Seabass (\bioname{Lateolabrax
                 japonicus}) in \geoname{Southern China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "33",
  day =          "03",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010033",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/33",
  abstract =     "Japanese seabass (\bioname{Lateolabrax japonicus}) is
                 an important species of cultured marine fish with high
                 economic value in China. Nevertheless, from May to
                 November 2019, mass mortality among cultured Japanese
                 seabass occurred in Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province of
                 China. Approximately 0.2--0.5\% mortality was recorded
                 daily, and the cumulative mortality was up to 30\%
                 during this disease outbreak. In this study, the
                 clinical signs and pathological characteristics of
                 diseased fish were investigated. Furthermore, the
                 pathogenicity and antibiotic sensitivity of identified
                 pathogenic bacteria from diseased fish were analyzed.
                 The infected fish showed clinical signs of
                 uncoordinated swimming; anorexia; pigment changes; and
                 a number of 1--5 mm grayish-white nodules in the liver,
                 spleen, and kidney tissues was also found. A bacterial
                 strain, which was designated as ZHLJ2019, was isolated
                 from the diseased fish. To ensure that ZHLJ2019 isolate
                 was the causative agent, a Koch postulate trial was
                 performed. Healthy Japanese seabass were infected by
                 the intraperitoneal injection of 5 $ \times $ 10 4, 5 $
                 \times $ 10 5 and 5 $ \times $ 10 6 CFU/fish, and
                 cumulative mortalities within 42 days were 75\%, 90\%,
                 and 100\%, respectively. The bacteria colony had
                 traditional morphological and biochemical
                 characteristics similar to that of Mycobacterium
                 marinum. Phylogenetic molecular analyses of 16S rRNA,
                 rpoB, hsp65, erp, and ITS genes confirmed that the
                 isolated strain ZHLJ2019 was M. marinum. The
                 granulomatous inflammation in internal organs of
                 Japanese seabass naturally and experimentally infected
                 with ZHLJ2019 isolate was consistent with the classic
                 pathological features of mycobacteriosis. Drug
                 susceptibility of ZHLJ2019 isolate to 11 antibiotics
                 was determined by broth dilution method in vitro. The
                 minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of
                 minocycline, rifampicin, ethambutol, isoniazid,
                 streptomycin, doxycycline hydrochloride, kanamycin
                 sulfate, levofloxacin, roxithromycin, and prothionamide
                 against the strain ZHLJ2019 were 4, 2, 8, 4, 16, 8, 8,
                 8, 4, and 8 {\mu}g/mL, respectively. The results of
                 this study suggest that M. marinum is the causal agent
                 responsible for the morbidity and mortality of Japanese
                 seabass cultured in intensive brackish water dirt ponds
                 in southern China.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:IRB,
  author =       "Junwei Li and Suwen Chen and Peng Wu and Changbo Zhu
                 and Ruiping Hu and Ting Li and Yongjian Guo",
  title =        "Insights into the Relationship between Intestinal
                 Microbiota of the Aquaculture Worm \bioname{Sipunculus
                 nudus} and Surrounding Sediments",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "32",
  day =          "03",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010032",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/32",
  abstract =     "Sipunculus nudus is an important intertidal
                 aquaculture species that can ingest organic matter from
                 the surface sediment and shows a high transportation
                 capacity in sediment. However, little is known about
                 the influence of intertidal aquaculture species on the
                 sediment microbial community and the exchange of
                 microbiota between the intestine and the surrounding
                 sediment. In this study, the microbial communities in
                 the intestine of S. nudus and three kinds of
                 surrounding sediments were analyzed using
                 high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene
                 amplicon, and the relationships between different
                 communities were examined. Principal coordinate
                 analysis and ANOSIM/Adonis analysis showed that the
                 microbial communities of worm intestine samples were
                 significantly different from those of surrounding
                 sediments ($ p < 0.05$). Meanwhile, compared with the
                 sediment samples, the microbial {\alpha}-diversity was
                 significantly lower in the intestinal samples. Although
                 the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and
                 Cyanobacteria were high in all samples, three phyla
                 (Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, and Latescibacteria)
                 showed a great difference between the four groups, as
                 the abundances of the three phyla were significantly
                 lower in the intestinal samples. Moreover, several
                 microbial interactions were found between the worm
                 intestine and surrounding sediments. BugBase functional
                 prediction analysis indicated that the oxygen status of
                 the sediment and the intestine was changed by
                 bioturbation by the worm. Therefore, the
                 microenvironment and microbial community in sediment
                 were affected by the activity of S. nudus in the
                 intertidal aquaculture zone.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sorensen:2023:HRJ,
  author =       "Karl Sorensen and Steven R. Craig and Avner Cnaani and
                 Ewen McLean",
  title =        "Hematological Response of Juvenile Cobia to Three
                 Anesthetics",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "31",
  day =          "03",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010031",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/31",
  abstract =     "Optimal concentrations of three anesthetics for use
                 with juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum) were
                 determined using time-to-recovery and hematological
                 datasets. Buffered MS-222, clove oil and
                 2-phenoxyethanol (2-PE) were examined. Juvenile cobia
                 were exposed to three concentrations of each anesthetic
                 at 24 {$^\circ $}C. Based on time to recovery, optimal
                 doses for MS-222 was determined as 120-mg L {$-$1},
                 that for 2-PE, 0.4-mL L {$-$1} and, for clove oil, 5-mL
                 L {$-$1}. The hematological response of cobia to
                 anesthesia included quantification of whole blood pH, p
                 CO$_2$, p O 2, and Ca 2+, K +, Na +, Cl {$-$},
                 hematocrit and glucose. Irrespective of anesthetic
                 employed, cobia expressed metabolic acidosis, with
                 changes in blood pH ($ p < 0.001$) being matched by
                 increases ($ p < 0.001$) in p CO$_2$. Anesthesia tended
                 to increase blood Na +, hematocrit, p O 2, Ca 2+, and K
                 + although differential responses between anesthetics
                 were recorded, suggesting different modes of action. A
                 combination of recovery and hematological data
                 indicated that when anesthesia is necessary, MS-222
                 represents the sedative of choice.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yang:2023:EIA,
  author =       "Jicheng Yang and Yaoyao Lin and Zhaohui Wei and
                 Zhenbing Wu and Qianqian Zhang and Jingwen Hao and
                 Shuyi Wang and Aihua Li",
  title =        "\bioname{Edwardsiella ictaluri} Almost Completely
                 Occupies the Gut Microbiota of Fish Suffering from
                 Enteric Septicemia of Catfish ({Esc})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "30",
  day =          "03",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010030",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/30",
  abstract =     "To reveal the changes in the gut microbiota of yellow
                 catfish after being infected by Edwardsiella ictaluri,
                 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology was
                 used to analyze the microbial composition and diversity
                 of the healthy and diseased yellow catfish. The gut
                 microbial richness and diversity of the diseased fish
                 were significantly lower than those of healthy fish.
                 The composition and predicted function of yellow
                 catfish gut microbiota were drastically altered after
                 infection by E. ictaluri. Fusobacteriota,
                 Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes were the predominant
                 bacterial phyla in the gut of the healthy fish, while
                 Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in the gut of
                 the diseased fish. At the genus level, the gut of
                 healthy fish was dominated by Cetobacterium,
                 Plesiomonas, and Romboutsia, while the gut of diseased
                 fish was overwhelmed by the pathogenic E. ictaluri
                 (99.22 {\pm} 0.85\%), and Cetobacterium, Plesiomonas,
                 and Romboutsia disappeared. This is the most
                 characteristic feature of the intestinal microbiota
                 composition of yellow catfish edwardsiellosis. The same
                 sequence of E. ictaluri was detected in the intestine
                 of the healthy fish and the liver and intestine of the
                 diseased fish. The anaerobic and Gram-positive bacteria
                 were significantly decreased, and the digestive system,
                 immune system, and metabolic functions of the gut
                 microbiota were significantly reduced in the diseased
                 fish gut. This may be part of the pathogenesis of fish
                 edwardsiellosis.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Belkin:2023:RSS,
  author =       "Igor M. Belkin and Xin-Tang Shen",
  title =        "Remote Sensing of the Subtropical Front in the
                 \geoname{Southeast Pacific} and the Ecology of
                 \geoname{Chilean} Jack Mackerel \bioname{Trachurus
                 murphyi}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "29",
  day =          "02",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010029",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/29",
  abstract =     "The Subtropical Front (STF) plays a key role in the
                 ecology of Chilean jack mackerel Trachurus murphyi.
                 Nonetheless, there are few remote sensing studies of
                 the STF in the open Southeast Pacific, and almost all
                 of them have been conducted by satellite oceanographers
                 in Russia and Ukraine to support respective large-scale
                 fisheries of jack mackerel in this region. We reviewed
                 these studies that documented long-term seasonal and
                 interannual variability of the STF from sea surface
                 temperature (SST) and sea surface height (SSH) data. We
                 also mapped the STF from satellite sea surface salinity
                 (SSS) data of the SMOS mission (2012--2019). The
                 Subtropical Front consists of two fronts--North and
                 South STF about 500 km apart--that border the
                 Subtropical Frontal Zone (STFZ) in-between. The STF is
                 density-compensated, with spatially divergent
                 manifestations in temperature and salinity. In the
                 temperature field, the STF extends in the WNW to ESE
                 direction in the Southeast Pacific. In the salinity
                 field, the STFZ appears as a broad frontal zone,
                 extending zonally across the entire South Pacific.
                 Three major types of satellite data-SST, SSH, and
                 SSS-can be used to locate the STF. The SSH data is most
                 advantageous with regard to the jack mackerel
                 fisheries, owing to the all-weather capability of
                 satellite altimetry and the radical improvement of the
                 spatial resolution of SSH data in the near future.
                 Despite the dearth of dedicated in situ studies of the
                 South Pacific STFZ, there is a broad consensus
                 regarding the STFZ being the principal spawning and
                 nursing ground of T. murphyi and a migration corridor
                 between Chile and New Zealand. Major data/knowledge
                 gaps are identified, and key next steps are proposed to
                 mitigate the data/knowledge gaps and inform fisheries
                 management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Eckelbecker:2023:RCP,
  author =       "Robert W. Eckelbecker and Nathaniel M. Heili and
                 Christopher S. Guy and David A. Schmetterling",
  title =        "Relative Condition Parameters for Fishes of
                 \geoname{Montana, USA}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "28",
  day =          "31",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010028",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Sat Feb 18 07:10:33 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/1/28",
  abstract =     "Body condition indices are commonly used in the
                 management of fish populations and are a surrogate to
                 physiological attributes such as tissue-energy
                 reserves. Relative condition factor (K n) describes the
                 condition of species relative to populations in a
                 geographic area. We developed models to allow for the
                 calculation of K n in Montana, USA by using the
                 weight--length data collected by Montana Fish, Wildlife
                 \& Parks. We generated log 10 weight--log 10 length
                 relationships to obtain Montana specific parameter
                 estimates for relative condition equations (W\prime)
                 for 51 species and three subspecies. We developed
                 separate models by water type (e.g., lotic and lentic)
                 and sex for five species due to varying growth based on
                 sexual dimorphism and varying ecosystem types. Relative
                 condition offers the advantage of describing body
                 condition relative to species in Montana, provides a
                 condition index for species that do not have
                 standard-weight models developed for relative weight
                 (Wr), and affords more information for the global
                 database on weight--length relationships of fishes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liu:2023:SRG,
  author =       "Zhilong Liu and Tuo Wang and Peng Liu and Dongneng
                 Jiang and Xi Liu and Siping Deng and Tianli Wu and Yang
                 Huang and Chunhua Zhu and Guangli Li and Mouyan Jiang",
  title =        "Selection of Reference Gene for Expression Studies in
                 the Ovary and Pituitary of Spotted Scat
                 (\bioname{Scatophagus argus}) at Different Ovarian
                 Stages",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "120",
  day =          "20",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020120",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/120",
  abstract =     "The spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) is the most
                 widely commercially cultured fish in eastern and
                 southern Asia that possess potential economic value.
                 However, up to date, there are no studies reported on
                 the selection of suitable reference genes in this fish,
                 which is crucial for guaranteeing accurate and reliable
                 results in RT-qPCR analyses. This study aimed at
                 screening the most stable reference genes in the ovary
                 and pituitary at different ovarian stages, which is of
                 great significance for further research on the
                 reproductive regulation mechanism of female S. argus.
                 In this study, we selected twenty-one genes as the
                 candidate reference genes, including four genes in the
                 ovary (EEF1A, ACTB, B2M, and HPRT1), and seventeen
                 genes in the pituitary (B2M, APOA1, CGBA, RPLP0, GNRHR,
                 GUSB, TBP, SLC25A5, RPL4, PLA1A, GAPDH, GNB2L1, CTFS,
                 HPRT1, RPS2, TFRC, and TUBB4B). To analyze the
                 stability of the potential reference genes, we first
                 used four commonly used software, BestKeeper, GeNorm,
                 NormFinder, and {\Delta}Ct, and then we established
                 comprehensive rankings with ReFinder. The results
                 indicate that RPL4 and GNB2L1, and EEF1A and HPRT1 were
                 the most appropriate reference genes for the pituitary
                 and ovary of S. argus, respectively, in the three
                 developmental stages of the ovary. Additionally, GeNorm
                 analysis suggested that for the accurate normalization
                 of gene expression, two reference genes were reliable
                 in the ovary and pituitary of S. argus. To the best of
                 our knowledge and understanding, this is the first
                 study to identify appropriate reference genes for
                 analyzing gene expression in S. argus. Consequently,
                 this study can be used as a foundation for future
                 research on the reproduction of S. argus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fedorcak:2023:TCG,
  author =       "Jakub Fedor{\v{c}}{\'a}k and Radek {\v{S}}anda and
                 Tihomir Stefanov and Jan Mendel and Michal Nowak and
                 Peter Kri{\v{z}}ek and Anabel Perdices and Jasna
                 Vuki{\'c} and J{\'a}n Ko{\v{s}}{\v{c}}o",
  title =        "The ``True Colours'' of Golden Loaches ({Teleostei:
                 Cobitidae})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "119",
  day =          "20",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020119",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/119",
  abstract =     "Loaches of the genus Sabanejewia are model organisms
                 for many ichthyologic studies focusing on morphological
                 and colour variation. The bright lateral spots---a part
                 of the mimicry of this fish---cause a taxonomic puzzle.
                 Common practice is that morphometric and molecular
                 studies lack habitat assessments of species originating
                 from different environments. In this study, we analysed
                 body shape and colour variation within two species of
                 Sabanejewia in order to reveal whether they are more
                 affected by phylogeny or environmental conditions. The
                 environmental parameters were obtained using satellite
                 mapping tools, body shape using geometric morphometry,
                 and the molecular identification of specimens using an
                 analysis of mitochondrial DNA (sequence of the
                 cytochrome b gene). Generalized linear mixed models
                 were used for the analysis of lateral spot numbers, and
                 principal components analysis to describe the changes
                 in landmark position defined by the permutation tests.
                 Results show a significant impact of the locality
                 elevation and specimen's sex on the change of the body
                 shape. We identified significant differences in the
                 number of lateral spots, which are considered mimicry
                 variation across an elevation gradient. Morphological
                 differences of Sabanejewia spp. vary with ecological
                 factors along the river continuum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xing:2023:CCM,
  author =       "Lili Xing and Lingyu Wang and Femke Roos and Michelle
                 Lee and Gregory A. Wray",
  title =        "{CRISPR\slash \gene{Cas9}}-Mediated Disruption of
                 \gene{Endo16} Cis-Regulatory Elements in Sea Urchin
                 Embryos",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "118",
  day =          "20",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020118",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/118",
  abstract =     "Sea urchins have become significant mariculture
                 species globally, and also serve as invertebrate model
                 organisms in developmental biology. Cis-regulatory
                 elements (enhancers) control development and physiology
                 by regulating gene expression. Mutations that affect
                 the function of these sequences may contribute to
                 phenotypic diversity. Cis-regulatory targets offer new
                 breeding potential for the future. Here, we use the
                 CRISPR/Cas9 system to disrupt an enhancer of Endo16 in
                 developing Lytechinus variegatu s embryos, in
                 consideration of the thorough research on Endo16' s
                 regulatory region. We designed six gRNAs against Endo16
                 Module A (the most proximal region of regulatory
                 sequences, which activates transcription in the vegetal
                 plate and archenteron, specifically) and discovered
                 that Endo16 Module A-disrupted embryos failed to
                 undergo gastrulation at 20 h post fertilization. This
                 result partly phenocopies morpholino knockdowns of
                 Endo16. Moreover, we conducted qPCR and clone
                 sequencing experiments to verify these results.
                 Although mutations were not found regularly from
                 sequencing affected individuals, we discuss some
                 potential causes. In conclusion, our study provides a
                 feasible and informative method for studying the
                 function of cis-regulatory elements in sea urchins, and
                 contributes to echinoderm precision breeding technology
                 innovation and aquaculture industry development.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ferragut-Perello:2023:ECS,
  author =       "Francesca Ferragut-Perello and Sergio
                 Ram{\'\i}rez-Amaro and Athanassios C. Tsikliras and
                 Natalia Petit-Marty and Donna Dimarchopoulou and Enric
                 Massut{\'\i} and Alba Serrat and Francesc Ordines",
  title =        "Exploitation and Conservation Status of the Thornback
                 Ray (\bioname{Raja clavata}) in the \geoname{Balearic
                 Islands (Western Mediterranean)}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "117",
  day =          "19",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020117",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/117",
  abstract =     "Fisheries management requires the best scientific
                 knowledge on the exploitation and conservation status
                 of stocks. This is challenging for by-catch species,
                 for which necessary data for their assessment is more
                 limited than for target ones. That is the case for the
                 thornback ray, Raja clavata, in the Balearic Islands
                 (western Mediterranean), whose exploitation and
                 conservation status are addressed here for the first
                 time, in an integrative approach, by using innovative
                 assessment methods and genetic diversity analysis. The
                 time series of fishing landings from 1964 and MEDITS
                 trawl survey data from 2004 were used to apply CMSY++
                 and Bayesian state-space Schaefer production models. We
                 also estimated the genetic diversity of the Cytochrome
                 C Oxidase subunit I mitochondrial gene from 31
                 individuals collected during MEDITS surveys. The
                 species showed overexploitation with a current fishing
                 mortality (F) below that producing maximum sustainable
                 yield (F MSY), but with a current stock biomass (B)
                 lower than B MSY. Despite the fact that the
                 exploitation status is stable or even has improved in
                 the last decades, the overexploitation period since the
                 late 1970s seems to have reduced levels of genetic
                 diversity, below those of related species and other
                 populations of R. clavata. This low genetic diversity
                 may entail the loss of adaptive potential, making the
                 species more vulnerable to fishing and the current
                 climate change.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Khalil:2023:EMR,
  author =       "Karim Khalil and Ahmed Elaswad and Hisham Abdelrahman
                 and Maximillian Michel and Wenbiao Chen and Shikai Liu
                 and Ramjie Odin and Zhi Ye and David Drescher and Khoi
                 Vo and William S. Bugg and Guyu Qin and Yujia Yang and
                 Nathan J. C. Backenstose and Zhanjiang Liu and Roger D.
                 Cone and Rex Dunham",
  title =        "Editing the Melanocortin-4 Receptor Gene in Channel
                 Catfish Using the {CRISPR-\gene{Cas9}} System",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "116",
  day =          "18",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020116",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/116",
  abstract =     "The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) plays a critical
                 role in homeostasis and the regulation of body weight.
                 Polymorphisms in the mc4r gene have been discovered and
                 linked to growth, carcass composition, and meat quality
                 traits. Therefore, we used the CRISPR-Cas9 system to
                 target the mc4r gene in the most important freshwater
                 aquaculture species in the USA, channel catfish,
                 Ictalurus punctatus. Guide RNAs were designed to direct
                 the Cas9 to the coding sequence of the channel catfish
                 mc4r gene. gRNA(s)-Cas9 mixtures were delivered into
                 one-cell embryos using electroporation and
                 microinjection. For each treatment, the nature and rate
                 of mutations were analyzed. Hatching and survival rates
                 were calculated. The overall mutation rates were 30.6\%
                 and 66.7--90.6\% for electroporation and
                 microinjection, respectively. Mutated fish generated
                 via electroporation or microinjection exhibited 38\%
                 and 20\% improvement in body weight, respectively, when
                 compared with the full-sib control. The mean feed
                 conversion ratio of the mutants was 1.18 compared with
                 1.57 in the control fish. The improved growth and feed
                 conversion indicate that the generation of mc4r -edited
                 fish could economically benefit aquaculture
                 production.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Aarstad:2023:NAF,
  author =       "Jarle Aarstad and Stig-Erik Jakobsen and Arnt
                 Fl{\o}ysand",
  title =        "\geoname{Norwegian} Aquaculture Firms' Emphasis on
                 Environmental and Social Sustainability Compared to
                 Firms in Other Industries",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "115",
  day =          "17",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020115",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/115",
  abstract =     "Background: There has been a strong focus on
                 environmental sustainability in the aquaculture
                 industry, but we do not know how firms in this industry
                 emphasize the issue compared to firms in other
                 industries. Methods: Responding to this research gap,
                 we compared survey data of Norwegian firms in the (1)
                 aquaculture industry with those in the (2)
                 manufacturing industry, (3) the consulting, finance and
                 insurance industry, and (4) the hospitality, tourism
                 and culture industry. Results: We found that firms in
                 the aquaculture industry emphasize environmental
                 sustainability more than those in the other industries
                 do. Likewise, firms in the aquaculture industry
                 emphasize social sustainability more than those in the
                 other industries do, but the difference is less marked.
                 Across industries, knowledge-intensive firms emphasize
                 environmental sustainability and social sustainability
                 to a lesser extent. Additionally, firms with local or
                 regional major ownership emphasize social
                 sustainability more than those with international major
                 ownership do. Conclusion: Firms in the aquaculture
                 industry have a relatively strong emphasis on
                 environmental and social sustainability, which may be
                 due to the industry's environmental challenges.
                 Similarly, aquaculture firms have a relatively strong
                 emphasis on social sustainability, which may be due to
                 the industry's geographic and sociocultural proximity
                 to numerous small local communities.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kim:2023:CRS,
  author =       "Kyung-Ho Kim and Min-Soo Joo and Gyoungsik Kang and
                 Won-Sik Woo and Min-Young Sohn and Ha-Jeong Son and
                 Chan-Il Park",
  title =        "Characterization of Red Sea Bream (\bioname{Pagrus
                 major}) Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 and 6 Genes and
                 Their Expression in Response to {RSIV} Infection",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "114",
  day =          "16",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020114",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/114",
  abstract =     "Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) play crucial
                 roles in antiviral processes, such as in the
                 transcriptional induction of interferon (IFN) and
                 IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). In this study, the genes
                 encoding IRF5 and IRF6 were identified in Pagrus major,
                 and their expression in various organs after pathogen
                 infection was analyzed. In the coding sequences of P.
                 major (Pm) IRF5 and PmIRF6, the DNA binding domain, IRF
                 association domain, and viral-activated domain were
                 found to be highly conserved. Phylogenetic analysis
                 revealed that PmIRF5 and PmIRF6 were most closely
                 related to IRF5 and IRF6 of large yellow croakers. The
                 mRNAs for PmIRF5 and PmIRF6 were constitutively
                 expressed in all organs analyzed but were highly
                 expressed in the liver and gills. As a result of an
                 infection with red sea bream iridovirus, a major
                 pathogen of red sea bream, PmIRF5 and PmIRF6 expression
                 was significantly upregulated in the spleen and kidney.
                 On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that
                 IRF5 and IRF6 expression play an influential role in
                 the immune system of red sea bream infected with
                 viruses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kim:2023:SMR,
  author =       "Dong In Kim",
  title =        "A Study on the Metabolic Rate Change Pattern in
                 {F$_2$} Hybrid Sturgeon, the Bester (\bioname{Huso
                 huso} $ \times $ \bioname{Acipenser ruthenus}), during
                 the Early Developmental Stage",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "113",
  day =          "15",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020113",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See correction \cite{Kim:2023:CKD}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/113",
  abstract =     "The primary goal in aquaculture is to maximize the
                 growth and survival of farmed fishes at a minimal cost,
                 which requires an understanding of the changes in
                 metabolism undergone by different fish breeds during
                 development. In particular, highly intensive
                 aquaculture production systems, such as recirculating
                 aquaculture systems, require a better understanding of
                 oxygen consumption. Ontogenetic phase shifts (i.e.,
                 sudden changes) in metabolism have been observed in
                 several aquaculture species during early development,
                 and such metabolic phase shifts may help to predict the
                 oxygen consumption of aquaculture species during
                 different stages of their development. Here, I analyzed
                 the pattern of metabolic changes in the F 2 hybrid
                 sturgeon, the bester (Huso huso $ \times $ Acipenser
                 ruthenus; hereafter, referred to as the F 2 bester),
                 during its early development. I observed ontogenetic
                 phase shifts in metabolism in the F 2 bester at body
                 mass values of about 0.2 and 0.8 g. Thus, the F 2
                 bester undergoes ontogenetic phase shifts in metabolism
                 during early development, which can help to
                 characterize oxygen consumption at a specific
                 developmental period. Therefore, oxygen can be
                 appropriately adjusted and replenished during
                 breeding.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hallerman:2023:GBS,
  author =       "Eric M. Hallerman",
  title =        "Genetics and Biotechnology---The {Section
                 Editor-in-Chief}'s View",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "112",
  day =          "15",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020112",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/112",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{MacedoSantana:2023:FVS,
  author =       "Thiago {Macedo Santana} and Francisco {de Matos
                 Dantas} and Driely Kathriny {Monteiro Dos Santos} and
                 Juliana {Tomomi Kojima} and Yugo {Moraes Pastrana} and
                 Rog{\'e}rio {Souza De Jesus} and Ligia {Uribe
                 Gon{\c{c}}alves}",
  title =        "Fish Viscera Silage: Production, Characterization, and
                 Digestibility of Nutrients and Energy for Tambaqui
                 Juveniles",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "111",
  day =          "14",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020111",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/111",
  abstract =     "Fish viscera can be an important source of protein and
                 energy for aquafeed, and its use contributes to
                 circular aquaculture. The aim of this study was to
                 produce acid and fermented silage from fish viscera to
                 determine their nutritional value and the apparent
                 digestibility coefficient of nutrients and energy for
                 juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). An acid
                 silage and three fermented silages with different
                 sources of carbohydrates (molasses, wheat bran, and
                 cassava waste) were produced with 0.25\% sorbic acid as
                 an antifungal in the formulation. Silages presented an
                 average of 55\% dry matter, 62.9\% lipids, and 12\%
                 crude protein. Leucine and lysine predominated as
                 essential amino acids in the acid silage and fermented
                 silages. Fish viscera silages presented EPA and DHA
                 content from 5.4 to 17.8 and 1.7 to 8.9 mg.g {-1} of
                 lipids, respectively. The apparent digestibility
                 coefficient (ADC) (indirect method) was above 82\% for
                 gross energy for all the formulations. The ADCs for
                 protein were similar for the fermented silages, with a
                 maximum 92\% level for the fermented wheat bran silage.
                 The bioconversion of fish viscera into silage makes it
                 an energy ingredient for aquafeed that is well digested
                 by tambaqui juveniles.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Saliba:2023:DAM,
  author =       "Jaqueline Sim{\~o}es Saliba and Fabio Aremil Costa dos
                 Santos and Elo{\'\i}sa de Oliveira Sim{\~o}es Saliba
                 and Ronald Kennedy Luz",
  title =        "Different Animal Metabolism Markers for Artemia
                 Nauplii in Crude Protein Digestibility Assay for
                 \bioname{Lophiosilurus alexandri} Larvae",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "110",
  day =          "14",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020110",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/110",
  abstract =     "This work aimed to develop a methodology for marking
                 Artemia with different markers and evaluating their
                 passage rate and digestibility in Lophiosilurus
                 alexandri larvae of different ages. In the first phase,
                 Artemia nauplii were marked 28 h after hatching with
                 chromium oxide, titanium dioxide and NANOLIPE {\reg}.
                 Contact times with the markers were 30, 60, 90 min at a
                 concentration of 500 mg/L. Titanium dioxide had a
                 higher concentration in Artemia than the other markers.
                 The passage rate did not differ significantly between
                 titanium and NANOLIPE {\reg}. In the second phase, the
                 apparent digestibility of the protein in Artemia
                 nauplii was evaluated for L. alexandri larvae at three
                 ages. Average real protein digestibility at the three
                 ages was 95.08\%, demonstrating Artemia as a good
                 quality food. All ages exhibited the same final time of
                 fecal excretion of 30 min after feeding. Artemia
                 nauplii presented satisfactory results for assimilation
                 for all markers tested. In determining the
                 digestibility of Artemia protein, we can conclude that
                 chromium oxide and NANOLIPE {\reg} were good markers of
                 animal metabolism and titanium dioxide was the worst
                 marker of Artemia digestibility for the initial stages
                 of L. alexandri.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Romero:2023:HAC,
  author =       "Jaime Romero and Natalia Catal{\'a}n and Carolina
                 Ram{\'\i}rez and Claudio D. Miranda and Marcia Oliva
                 and H{\'e}ctor Flores and Mar{\'\i}a Soledad Romero and
                 Rodrigo Rojas",
  title =        "High Abundance of Candidatus Arthromitus in Intestinal
                 Microbiota of \bioname{Seriolella violacea} ({Palm
                 Ruff}) under Reared Conditions",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "109",
  day =          "13",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020109",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/109",
  abstract =     "Intestinal microbiota has been involved in several
                 processes that benefit the host, such as digestion,
                 nutrient metabolism, resistance to pathogens
                 colonization and immune function. In this study, we
                 investigated the diversity, composition and functional
                 prediction of microbiota of reared Seriolella violacea
                 (palm ruff) in the same cohort sampled at different
                 times (7-, 8- and 9-month-old). Microbial community
                 structure analyses, using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing,
                 revealed that the intestinal microbiota was dominated
                 by the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria
                 and Tenericutes. At the genus level, Candidatus
                 Arthromitus was the most abundant in all sampled
                 timepoints, representing in average 78\% of the
                 bacterial community (ranging from 18 to 98\%),
                 corresponding to segmented filamentous bacteria, which
                 are interesting because they have been associated with
                 the maturation of immune responses in the gut and
                 protecting the host from bacterial infections. The
                 comparisons of the intestinal microbiota among the
                 three groups showed differences in abundance of
                 bacterial taxa and also in alpha diversity indexes
                 (Shannon and Simpson), as well as beta diversity
                 metrics (weighted and unweighted UniFrac). Potential
                 functions of the intestinal microbiota of palm ruff
                 were retrieved using Philipin and Tax4fun and these
                 analyses revealed high levels of genes for sugar
                 metabolism. To our knowledge, this study represents the
                 first description of the intestinal microbiota of S.
                 violacea.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Du:2023:EMF,
  author =       "Ningning Du and Yanchun Sun and Zhongxiang Chen and
                 Xiaoli Huang and Chenhui Li and Lei Gao and Shuyan Bai
                 and Peng Wang and Qirui Hao",
  title =        "Effects of Multiple Freeze--Thaw Cycles on Protein and
                 Lipid Oxidation, Microstructure and Quality
                 Characteristics of Rainbow Trout (\bioname{Oncorhynchus
                 mykiss})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "108",
  day =          "13",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020108",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/108",
  abstract =     "Multiple freeze-thaw cycles due to temperature
                 fluctuations irreversibly damage the muscle tissue of
                 fish, thereby reducing their edibility. The aim of this
                 study was to determine the effects of the number of
                 freeze-thaw (F--T) cycles on protein and lipid
                 oxidation, microstructure, physical index, and
                 nutritional quality of rainbow trout muscle. The
                 results showed that F--T cycles accelerated protein
                 carbonyl formation and thiobarbituric acid reactive
                 substances (TBARS) generation (p {$<$} 0.05), as well
                 as increased the loss of total sulfhydryl (SH) groups
                 (p {$<$} 0.05). Moreover, transmission electron
                 microscope (TEM) images illustrated that the
                 microstructure of muscle fibers was loosed and
                 disintegrated after the third F--T cycle, causing a
                 reduction in water holding capacity (WHC). In addition,
                 muscles lost the intrinsic color of fresh meat after
                 the fifth cycle, with lightness L* and yellowness b*
                 increasing, while redness a* declined (p {$<$} 0.05).
                 The hardness, springiness, and chewiness of muscles
                 decreased, and the shear force first increased and then
                 decreased after the third cycle. Furthermore, the
                 proximate components, essential amino acids (EAAs), and
                 total amino acids (TAAs), decreased significantly after
                 the third cycle (p {$<$} 0.05) due to the decrease of
                 WHC as well as protein and lipid oxidation. The results
                 indicated that the quality of rainbow trout muscle
                 changed after the third cycle, deteriorated seriously
                 after the fifth cycle, and was unacceptable after the
                 seventh cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the
                 temperature fluctuation to less than three times during
                 freezing. The results provided a reference for the
                 identification and classification of frozen aquatic
                 products.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhan:2023:GWI,
  author =       "Feifei Zhan and Liqun Liang and Shuangyi Wang and
                 Honjung Liew and Yumei Chang and Limin Zhang",
  title =        "Genome-Wide Identification, Phylogenetic Analysis and
                 Expression Pattern Profiling of the Aquaporin Family
                 Genes in \bioname{Leuciscus waleckii}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "107",
  day =          "11",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020107",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/107",
  abstract =     "Aquaporin (Aqp) is a transmembrane-specific channel
                 for small molecules that help in regulating homeostasis
                 in fishes when adapting to changing environments, but
                 its role in Amur ide's response to alkaline stress is
                 yet to be revealed. Therefore, the purpose of this
                 study is to investigate the response of the Aqp gene
                 exposed to alkaline water in Amur ide (Leuciscus
                 waleckii) using a genome-transcriptional assay. Based
                 on the results, we classified the Aqps of the L.
                 waleckii (LwAqps) genome and analyzed its
                 transcriptional expression profile and genetic
                 evolution under carbonate alkalinity stress. A total of
                 18 Aqp genes were identified in four grades in L.
                 waleckii. The highest Aqp gene expression was found in
                 the gill and kidney of L. waleckii from the Wusuli
                 River (WSL) in comparison to those in the Dali Lake
                 (DL), whereas aqp3a, -3ap1, -7, and -9a expressions
                 were found at intensively higher levels in the gill
                 rather than in the kidneys and livers. The experiment
                 of L. waleckii under alkalinity stress (carbonate
                 alkalinity 50 mmol{\cdot}L {-1}) and its recovery
                 showed that the expressions of aqp0a, -3a, -3ap1, -7,
                 -8aa, and -9a were upregulated in alkaline water and
                 downregulated in freshwater. We identified 1460 single
                 nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in the Aqp genes.
                 The average value of Fst of SNP markers in the CDS
                 region was 0.177 {\pm} 0.256, and the first 5\% SNPs
                 were identified at aqp3a and -11b. Residue Ser66 does
                 not bring about an overall change in the
                 three-dimensional structure of Aqp3a, but may change
                 the penetration of solutes across the membrane. This
                 indicates that Aqp genes are involved in the response
                 of L. waleckii to alkaline stress, and aqp3a is one of
                 the key genes involved in regulating L. waleckii 's
                 adaptation to alkaline environments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lin:2023:RCP,
  author =       "Pengcheng Lin and Huaming Hu and Zheng Gong and Jian
                 Wang and Xin Gao",
  title =        "Reproductive Characteristics of \bioname{Pseudecheneis
                 sulcatus} ({Siluriforms: Sisoridae}) in the
                 \geoname{Lower Yarlung Zangbo River, Tibet}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "106",
  day =          "10",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020106",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/106",
  abstract =     "The present research offers novel understandings of
                 the reproductive biology of Pseudecheneis sulcatus
                 (McClelland, 1842) found in the Yarlung Zangbo Grand
                 Canyon, a biodiversity hotspot. Reproductive
                 characteristics of Pseudecheneis sulcatus, including
                 their maturation age, fertility, spawning season, and
                 maximum body size, constitute important aspects of its
                 life-history traits. We collected a total of 310
                 specimens from the Yarlung Zangbo River's Motuo reach
                 between March and November 2016 and found the
                 male-to-female ratio to be 0.73:1, markedly different
                 from the anticipated 1:1. The total length of
                 individuals ranged from 72 to 207 mm, while overall
                 weight ranged from 2.5 to 65.0 g. Their length at first
                 maturity was estimated as 131 mm in males and 132 mm in
                 females. Based on the adult proportion and fluctuation
                 in the monthly gonadosomatic index (GSI) and size
                 distribution of oocytes, spawning was determined to
                 occur from March to June. The absolute fecundity ranged
                 between 247 and 2886 eggs, while the fluctuation in
                 average relative fertility ranged between 16.8 and 77.1
                 eggs/g of fish. The fecundity of P. sulcatus was
                 linearly correlated to the overall weight and length of
                 the fish along with the ovarian weight. In conclusion,
                 P. sulcatus spawned synchronously in spring and early
                 summer, exhibiting low fecundity and large oocytes. Our
                 results provided basic information in understanding how
                 this species adapted well to the unique canyon
                 environment, which may be useful for developing a
                 sustainable conservation plan for P. sulcatus at the
                 lower reach of the Yarlung Zangbo River.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Eissa:2023:PSE,
  author =       "El-Sayed Hemdan Eissa and Ragaa A. Ahmed and Nadia A.
                 Abd Elghany and Amal Elfeky and Saadea Saadony and
                 Norhan H. Ahmed and Salah El-Sayed Sakr and Geraldine
                 B. Dayrit and Charlene Princess S. Tolenada and Adlene
                 Anne C. Atienza and Mahmoud Mabrok and Hala F. Ayoub",
  title =        "Potential Symbiotic Effects of $ \beta $-1,3 Glucan,
                 and Fructooligosaccharides on the Growth Performance,
                 Immune Response, Redox Status, and Resistance of
                 \geoname{Pacific} White Shrimp, \bioname{Litopenaeus
                 vannamei} to \bioname{Fusarium solani} Infection",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "105",
  day =          "10",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020105",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/105",
  abstract =     "The potential effects of dietary supplementation with
                 {\beta}-1,3 glucan and fructooligosaccharides
                 ({\beta}-1,3 GF) on antioxidant activities,
                 immunological response, and growth performance of
                 Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) was
                 investigated. Four diets (iso-energetic and
                 iso-nitrogenous) with different levels of {\beta}-1,3
                 GF (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g kg {-1}) were fed to healthy
                 shrimp juveniles weighing 3 {\pm} 0.5 g for 75 days.
                 Shrimps were randomly distributed into 12 net
                 enclosures at a density of 30 shrimp/net, and the
                 experiment was performed in triplicate. The results
                 revealed that long-term supplementation with 1.5 g kg
                 {-1} {\beta}-1,3 GF significantly improved shrimp
                 weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and digestive
                 enzyme profiles compared to the control diet group.
                 However, there were no substantial variations in the
                 contents of moisture, crude protein, total lipids, and
                 ash in the muscles of shrimp fed on different diets.
                 Surprisingly, all antioxidants (superoxide dismutase,
                 catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and immune biomarkers
                 (lysozyme, total hemocyte count, phenol oxidase, and
                 respiratory burst) activities were significantly
                 elevated with increasing levels of {\beta}-1,3 GF in
                 the shrimp diet, and the highest values were recorded
                 in the 1.5 g kg {-1} diet groups. Challenge test
                 results revealed that F. solani could cause a high
                 mortality rate (86.7\%) in a group fed a normal basal
                 diet within 14 days at a dose of 5 $ \times $ 10 4
                 conidia mL {-1}. Surprisingly, all dietary treated
                 groups with different doses of {\beta}-1,3 GF showed
                 high resistance against F. solani, represented by lower
                 cumulative mortality rates (20--43.3\%) compared to the
                 control group. Moreover, most of the infected shrimp
                 showed a typical black to brown gill lesion similar to
                 that observed in the natural infection, where an
                 identical fungus was successfully re-isolated from
                 infected gills and muscles. Overall, this study
                 recommends an appropriate incorporation level of
                 {\beta}-1,3 GF that could enhance growth performance
                 and improve the antioxidant activities, non-specific
                 immunity, and disease resistance of L. vannamei, with
                 an optimal level of 1.5 g kg {-1}.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nenciu:2023:FDW,
  author =       "Magda Nenciu and Victor Ni{\c{t}}{\u{a}} and
                 Lumini{\c{t}}a Laz{\u{a}}r and Alina Sp{\^\i}nu and
                 Elena Vl{\u{a}}sceanu-Mateescu",
  title =        "Fostering the Development of \geoname{Western Black
                 Sea} Aquaculture: a Scientific Case Study for Finfish
                 Cage Farming Allocated Zone Designation",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "104",
  day =          "09",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020104",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/104",
  abstract =     "Mariculture offers enormous potential for providing
                 sustainable food, playing a key role in achieving
                 nutrition security, employment, and Blue Growth. This
                 is particularly true in geographical areas where the
                 dependence of local economies on fishery products is
                 high and yet access to sustainable landings is hindered
                 by environmental drawbacks. One such area is
                 represented by the Black Sea, which offers different
                 degrees of suitability for aquaculture development.
                 While the southern and eastern shores are sheltered
                 enough to allow for the development of large
                 aquaculture activities, the north-western shoreline is
                 characterized by wide environmental fluctuations and
                 the strong influence of the Danube. This study aimed at
                 investigating the suitability of a selected area of the
                 Romanian coast (Mangalia) for finfish cage farming by
                 adapting an internationally endorsed methodology for
                 determining its Degree of Compatibility (DC). The
                 development and expansion of finfish aquaculture
                 depends on the availability of space, so designating
                 Allocated Zones for Aquaculture (AZAs) is essential.
                 The result obtained (DC = 80) indicates that the
                 Mangalia area is suitable for finfish aquaculture
                 activities: there is no major interference with other
                 uses of the maritime space, no conflicts with nature
                 conservation, and the environmental conditions are
                 appropriate for fish culture in floating cages. The
                 novel information provided by this study can be the
                 building block for authorities to settle the governance
                 gap that has so far impeded the development of marine
                 aquaculture in Romania. At a larger scale, this study
                 can serve as a good practice example at the regional
                 Black Sea level.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Voorhees:2023:ECI,
  author =       "Jill M. Voorhees and Elizabeth R. J. M. Mamer and
                 Daniel J. Schill and Mitchel Adams and Carlos Martinez
                 and Michael E. Barnes",
  title =        "{17$ \beta $}-Estradiol Can Induce Sex Reversal in
                 Brown Trout",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "103",
  day =          "09",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020103",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/103",
  abstract =     "Hormones have been used to change phenotypic sex in
                 many fish species. However, information specific to
                 changing sex in brown trout Salmo trutta is lacking.
                 This study compared the effectiveness of two different
                 17{\beta}-estradiol (estradiol) concentrations (20
                 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg) fed to brown trout for 60 days,
                 beginning at initial feeding. At 456 days post-initial
                 feeding, the 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg treatment groups
                 were 84\% and 86\% female, respectively. These values
                 were significantly higher than the 47\% females
                 observed in the control group which did not receive
                 dietary estradiol. At the end of the 60-day estradiol
                 treatment period, weight gain, percent weight gain, and
                 feed conversion ratio were all significantly lower in
                 the tanks of fish receiving estradiol than in the
                 control tanks. Individual fish fed estradiol also
                 weighed significantly less and were significantly
                 shorter than the fish not receiving estradiol-coated
                 feed. Mortality ranged from 1.0 to 2.4\% among the
                 treatments and was not significantly different. After
                 105 days post-initial feeding, weight gain, percent
                 weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were not
                 significantly different among the treatments. At 456
                 days post-initial feeding, individual fish were
                 significantly longer and heavier in the 20 mg/kg
                 estradiol treatment compared to the fish in the control
                 treatment, and the fish in the 30 mg/kg estradiol
                 treatment were similar to the other two treatments.
                 This study is the first to document the successful sex
                 reversal of brown trout using estradiol. While the
                 estradiol treatments used in this study did not lead to
                 complete feminization, the observed 85-to-15\%
                 female-to-male phenotypic ratio indicates the
                 successful feminization of genetic males. The levels of
                 feminization observed in this study are suitable for
                 this initial step to potentially develop a YY male
                 broodstock to control invasive brown trout
                 populations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dvoretsky:2023:SBO,
  author =       "Alexander G. Dvoretsky and Vladimir G. Dvoretsky",
  title =        "Shellfish as Biosensors in Online Monitoring of
                 Aquatic Ecosystems: a Review of \geoname{Russian}
                 Studies",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "102",
  day =          "08",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020102",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/102",
  abstract =     "The use of biological objects in monitoring the state
                 of the environment and the changes caused by the impact
                 of environmental pollution on marine and fresh waters
                 is a promising tool due to a lower cost in comparison
                 to traditional monitoring and the ability to receive
                 immediate information about the ecosystem status. In
                 this review, we summarize the biological information
                 about shellfish biomonitors and the results of studies
                 focused on the development and use of the bioindicator
                 species in early warning systems in Russia. Since the
                 mid-1980s, Russian specialists have developed online
                 biomonitoring systems; as in the rest of world, there
                 are two main approaches that are currently applied to
                 study the physiological status of potential biosensor
                 shellfish species and to monitor freshwater and marine
                 systems: valvometry (registration of gaping activity in
                 bivalve mollusks) and photoplethysmography
                 (registration of cardiac activity in mollusks and
                 crustaceans). Valve movement responses to stressors
                 such as abnormal conditions and pollutants include the
                 closure of shell valves for a long period, decrease in
                 the average distance between valves, rapid shell
                 opening, and higher closing frequency. Cardiac activity
                 reactions of shellfish to stress factors include rapid
                 increases in heart rate and stress index, higher
                 variability in heart rate than under normal conditions,
                 and longer periods required for heart rate recovery
                 after stress. The most common bioindicators used to
                 monitor environmental disturbances in marine ecosystems
                 are blue mussels, Iceland scallops, and red king crabs
                 in cold-water habitats and Black Sea mussels in warmer
                 waters as well as freshwater mussels and crayfish in
                 fresh waters.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kalan:2023:FFP,
  author =       "Parker Kalan and John Steinbeck and Freddy Otte and
                 Sean C. Lema and Crow White",
  title =        "Filter-Feeding \geoname{Pacific} Lamprey
                 (\bioname{Entosphenus tridentatus}) Ammocetes Can
                 Reduce Suspended Concentrations of \bioname{E. coli}
                 Bacteria",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "101",
  day =          "08",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020101",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/101",
  abstract =     "Filter-feeding invertebrates such as bivalves have
                 been shown to improve the health of aquatic systems by
                 reducing concentrations of bacteria and other harmful
                 suspended organisms, but it remains unknown if
                 microphagous suspension-feeding fishes can provide
                 similar ecosystem services for water quality. Here, we
                 tested whether the presence of the filter-feeding
                 larval ammocoete life-stage of Pacific lamprey
                 (Entosphenus tridentatus) can reduce suspended
                 concentrations of Escherichia coli bacteria. Aquaria
                 containing either filter-feeding ammocoete lamprey
                 larvae (1.5 fish{\cdot}L {-1}), lamprey macropthalmia
                 juveniles (1.5 fish{\cdot}L {-1}) that do not
                 suspension-feed, or no lamprey (control) were filled
                 with water contaminated with E. coli bacteria and then
                 monitored for 5 d for E. coli concentration changes in
                 the water column. The presence of ammocoete larvae
                 generated a significantly faster decline in E. coli
                 abundance compared to aquaria containing either
                 macropthalmia-stage lamprey or no fish, which showed
                 similar E. coli concentration profiles over that 5 d
                 period. A higher density of ammocoetes (4.3
                 fish{\cdot}L {-1}) resulted in a more rapid decline in
                 E. coli compared to the lower 1.5 fish{\cdot}L {-1}
                 ammocoete density, further implying that ammocoetes
                 augmented bacterial clearance. These observations
                 provide evidence that filter-feeding larval ammocoetes
                 of Pacific lamprey may help promote water-quality
                 enhancement by reducing suspended bacterial
                 concentrations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2023:ECV,
  author =       "Yang Wang and Fan Zhang and Zhe Geng and Yuying Zhang
                 and Jiangfeng Zhu and Xiaojie Dai",
  title =        "Effects of Climate Variability on Two Commercial Tuna
                 Species Abundance in the \geoname{Indian Ocean}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "99",
  day =          "07",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020099",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/99",
  abstract =     "Oceanic temperature fluctuations are one of the
                 leading factors affecting marine fish populations.
                 Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), characterized as the sea
                 surface temperature (SST) anomaly change, is an
                 ocean--atmosphere interactive process causing
                 interannual climate variability in the Indian Ocean.
                 Influences of the IOD on the tuna catch rates are
                 supported by previous research. Yet, there remains
                 limited information about the impacts on the abundance
                 of tuna stocks. In this study, we used the standardized
                 Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) index to present the stock
                 abundance and compared the effects of the IOD on the
                 bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) and yellowfin tuna
                 (Thunnus albacares) among different management areas of
                 the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC). Results show
                 significant correlations between IOD events on both
                 species' abundance in the tropical western Indian
                 Ocean. However, in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean
                 and the southern Indian Ocean, neither bigeye nor
                 yellowfin tuna abundances were significantly correlated
                 by the IOD. For the whole Indian Ocean, IOD was
                 significantly correlated uniquely with the yellowfin
                 tuna abundance. Our results emphasized the importance
                 of evaluating the climate variability effects over
                 fisheries abundance species by species and per fishing
                 areas analyses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gao:2023:RSB,
  author =       "Tianheng Gao and Nannan Li and Wenlei Xue and Yuning
                 Hu and Hai Lin",
  title =        "The Responses of Sediment Bacterial Communities in
                 \geoname{Chinese} Mitten Crab (\bioname{Eriocheir
                 sinensis}) Culture Ponds to Changes in Physicochemical
                 Properties Caused by Sediment Improvement",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "98",
  day =          "07",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020098",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/98",
  abstract =     "The interaction between nutrients, heavy metals, and
                 sediment bacterial communities play a key role in the
                 health of crabs and the biogeochemical cycles of
                 aquaculture systems. However, the effects of sediment
                 improvement activities in crab culture on nutrients and
                 heavy metals and the response of bacterial communities
                 to the relevant changes are unclear. In this study, 24
                 water and sediment samples were collected from two
                 aquaculture sites (total of 12 ponds, 6 at each site).
                 High-throughput sequencing was used to determine the
                 structure of the bacterial community and the diversity
                 in water and sediment samples. The relationship between
                 nutrients, heavy metals, and bacterial communities and
                 the changes of the three before and after the
                 improvement of the sediment were analyzed. The results
                 showed that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes,
                 Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes were
                 predominant at the phylum level of sediment. Sediment
                 improvement has an effect on NH 4 + -N, sulfide, total
                 organic carbon (TOC), and heavy metals in sediments to
                 varying degrees. In addition, redundancy analysis found
                 that NH 4 + -N, NO 3 {-} -N, TP, and heavy metals were
                 key drivers in crab culture pond sediments. The results
                 of functional prediction showed that carbon, nitrogen,
                 and sulfur metabolism were the dominant processes in
                 the two crab farming areas. Overall, changes in
                 nutrients and heavy metals caused by sediment
                 improvement further affected the structure and function
                 of bacterial communities and may affect biogeochemical
                 cycles. Our study has deepened the understanding of the
                 effects of sediment improvement on nutrients, heavy
                 metals, and bacterial communities in crab culture
                 ponds.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Carlson:2023:BPD,
  author =       "Andrew K. Carlson and Mark V. Hoyer",
  title =        "Bluegill Population Demographics as Related to Abiotic
                 and Biotic Factors in \geoname{Florida} Lakes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "100",
  day =          "07",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020100",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/100",
  abstract =     "Research on Bluegills, Lepomis macrochirus R., is
                 abundant but typically focuses on water bodies with
                 similar environmental conditions. We assessed Bluegill
                 density, relative abundance (catch per unit effort
                 [CPUE] by electrofishing), growth, and size structure
                 in 60 lakes with wide-ranging surface areas (2--12,412
                 ha), trophic states (oligotrophic--hypereutrophic), and
                 macrophyte abundances (0.3--100 percent of lake volume
                 inhabited [PVI]) across Florida, USA. Bluegill density
                 and CPUE increased with lake productivity and decreased
                 with macrophyte abundance. Bluegill growth increased
                 with lake productivity and CPUE of stock-length Florida
                 Bass, Micropterus floridanus L., a Bluegill predator.
                 Bluegill size structure increased with lake
                 productivity and decreased with Bluegill density.
                 Results indicate that Bluegill fisheries with abundant
                 individuals of quality size ({\geq}150 mm) require
                 productive ({$>$25} {\mu}g/L chlorophyll- a
                 concentration) lakes with moderate to high macrophyte
                 coverage (PVI 50--100), abundant stock-length Florida
                 Bass ({$>$40} fish/h of electrofishing), and Bluegill
                 densities {$<$300} fish/ha. This study provides an
                 approach to predict Bluegill population demographics
                 based on abiotic and biotic factors, establish
                 fisheries management expectations, and develop regional
                 and lake-specific management tools.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{DulceEstevao:2023:APR,
  author =       "Maria {Dulce Est{\^e}v{\~a}o}",
  title =        "Aquatic Pollutants: Risks, Consequences, Possible
                 Solutions and Novel Testing Approaches",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "97",
  day =          "06",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020097",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/97",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fantini-Hoag:2023:BAP,
  author =       "Leticia Fantini-Hoag and Terry Hanson and Jesse
                 Chappell",
  title =        "Bioeconomic Analysis of In-Pond Raceway System
                 Production of Foodsize and Stocker Hybrid Catfish
                 (Channel Catfish \bioname{Ictalurus punctatus}
                 [female-sign]$ \times $ Blue Catfish, \bioname{I.
                 furcatus} [male-sign])",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "96",
  day =          "06",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020096",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/96",
  abstract =     "The U.S. catfish industry is seeking production
                 systems that are efficient, intensive, and profitable.
                 Growing foodsize and stocker-sized fish in the same
                 pond is attractive as it is often difficult to obtain
                 larger-sized stockers early each year. This case study
                 evaluated the performance and economics of producing
                 foodsize hybrid catfish and stocker-sized fingerlings
                 in in-pond raceway systems (IPRS) placed into four 0.4
                 ha ponds. Growout raceways (RW1/RW2) in ponds 1 and 2
                 were 63 m 3, and 45 m 3 in ponds 3 and 4 (RW3/RW4).
                 Each pond had one (14 m 3) stocker unit raceway and a 5
                 HP of aeration that maintained adequate dissolved
                 oxygen levels. Average growout production was 12,050
                 kg/ha in 63 m 3 raceways and 12,078 kg/ha in 45 m 3
                 raceways (228 days of production) and achieved harvest
                 weights ranging from 564 to 661 g. The raceway stocker
                 unit had production yields ranging from 3537 to 4388
                 kg/ha (143 days of production) and achieved harvest
                 weights ranging from 123 to 234 g. Stocker units in
                 ponds 1 and 2 generated 8540 stocker--fingerlings
                 (21,102 fingerlings/ha) and units in ponds 3 and 4
                 generated 7954 fingerlings (19,654 fingerlings/ha). An
                 investment of USD 39,996 was needed for ponds 1 and 2
                 and USD 21,196 for ponds 3 and 4. When scenarios were
                 analyzed financially, positive financial net returns
                 occurred when farm level investment decreased, leading
                 to reduced payback periods, increased net present
                 values, and higher internal rates of return. IPRS used
                 stocker units to culture fingerlings for future
                 stocking of foodsize fish. IPRS provided good inventory
                 control, and high production yields compared to
                 traditional pond culture of catfish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Morales:2023:OMS,
  author =       "Christian James C. Morales and Kyle Dominic E.
                 Barnuevo and Emmanuel S. {Delloro, Jr.} and Roxanne A.
                 Cabebe-Barnuevo and Jenylle Kate S. Calizo and Sanny
                 David P. Lumayno and Ricardo P. Babaran",
  title =        "Otolith Morphometric and Shape Distinction of Three
                 Redfin Species under the Genus \bioname{Decapterus}
                 ({Teleostei: Carangidae}) from \geoname{Sulu Sea,
                 Philippines}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "95",
  day =          "05",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020095",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/95",
  abstract =     "Otoliths are paired calcified structures in the inner
                 ear of teleosts that function in hearing and balance.
                 In this study, the use of otolith morphometrics and
                 shape analysis were explored to delineate the redfin
                 species under the genus Decapterus from the Sulu Sea,
                 Philippines, namely, Decapterus kurroides, D.
                 smithvanizi, and D. tabl. Results showed that the mean
                 otolith shapes are unique within species (p {$<$}
                 0.001). The otolith size-related (OW---otolith weight,
                 OL---otolith length, OH---otolith height, OA---otolith
                 area, and OP---otolith perimeter) and shape-related
                 (RE---rectangularity, SQ---squareness,
                 EL---ellipticity, RO---roundness, AR---aspect ratio,
                 FF---form factor, CO---compactness, and
                 CI---circularity) morphometric indices also showed
                 significant variations (p {$<$} 0.001) among the three
                 species. Distinct regions differentiating D. kurroides
                 from the other two species were seen along the dorsal
                 margin of the otoliths, which was supported by its
                 significantly higher values for OH (size-related index)
                 and RO (shape-related index). In addition, the
                 morphometric indices showed significant variations (p
                 {$<$} 0.001), except for RE. Furthermore, it was
                 revealed that the size-related indices were able to
                 separate D. kurroides from the other two species, which
                 turned out to be indifferent. The results provided
                 relevant data on the use of otoliths as an additional
                 confirmatory tool in species delineation of the
                 identified redfin species, and, therefore, offer
                 opportunities of applying the same method in
                 delineation and, eventually, identification of species
                 from other genera, especially those that closely
                 resemble each other.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhong:2023:TAF,
  author =       "Zhenxiao Zhong and Guozhu Chen and Haihui Tu and Xinyi
                 Yao and Xin Peng and Xuan Lan and Qiongying Tang and
                 Shaokui Yi and Zhenglong Xia and Miaoying Cai and
                 Guoliang Yang",
  title =        "Transcriptomic Analysis and Functional Gene Expression
                 in Different Stages of Gonadal Development of
                 \bioname{Macrobrachium rosenbergii}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "94",
  day =          "05",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020094",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/94",
  abstract =     "In order to decipher the functional genes and reveal
                 the molecular mechanism of gonadal development in
                 Macrobrachium rosenbergii, a comparative transcriptome
                 analysis was performed on the testes and ovaries at
                 different developmental stages. A total of 146,537
                 unigenes with an N50 of 2008 bp and an average length
                 of 1144 bp were obtained from the sequencing raw data
                 via quality control and denovo assembly. Identification
                 of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that
                 there were 339 and 468 DEGs among the different
                 developmental stages of testes and ovaries,
                 respectively, and 7993 DEGs between the testes and
                 ovaries. The KEGG enrichment analysis identified 13
                 candidate pathways related to gonadal development,
                 including insulin synthesis, oocyte maturation, and
                 steroid biosynthesis, which were involved in biological
                 processes such as regulation of hormone metabolism, sex
                 cell proliferation and development, and amino acid
                 metabolism. The DEGs related to the above pathways such
                 as insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), heat
                 shock protein 90 (Hsp 90), and cyclooxygenase (COX)
                 genes were highly expressed during yolk protein
                 synthesis, indicating that these genes might be
                 involved in yolk accumulation and oogenesis. Meanwhile,
                 calmodulin (CaM) and other genes were highly expressed
                 during spermatogenesis, suggesting that these genes
                 might play an important role in spermatogenesis. Ten
                 differentially expressed genes in the KEGG signaling
                 pathway, including CRQ, COX, APP, Cdc42, Hsd17b12,
                 Art-1, Hsp70, Hsp90, PRMT1, and GP, were selected for
                 real-time quantitative PCR (RT- qPCR) to validate the
                 transcriptome data, and the results showed that RT-
                 qPCR obtained consistent results with the RNA-Seq data.
                 The present findings provide new insights into the
                 molecular regulation mechanism of gonadal development
                 in M. rosenbergii.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mokhtar:2023:MCF,
  author =       "Doaa M. Mokhtar and Giacomo Zaccone and Alessio Alesci
                 and Michal Kuciel and Manal T. Hussein and Ramy K. A.
                 Sayed",
  title =        "Main Components of Fish Immunity: an Overview of the
                 Fish Immune System",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "93",
  day =          "05",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020093",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/93",
  abstract =     "Cellular immune responses consist of innate and
                 adaptive cell-mediated immune mechanisms, where all
                 leukocyte subpopulations are included. Among these are
                 vital processes such as cell-mediated cytotoxicity and
                 phagocytosis. The main cellular constituents of the
                 fish immune system are macrophages, granulocytes,
                 dendritic cells, NK cells, and cytotoxic T cells. This
                 review provides the latest information on cellular
                 defense mechanisms of fish and provides an overview of
                 the function of the mucosal immune system in
                 maintaining the general health of fish. Here, we
                 discuss the fundamental ideas that underpin mucosal
                 immune responses in teleosts, as well as the innate and
                 adaptive immune cells and the molecules that play a
                 role in these immune responses. Moreover, cytokine
                 molecules and pathways in teleosts have been reported
                 to focus on several kinds of associated immunity.
                 Importantly, we also review antigen processing and
                 presentation. The knowledge reported here will enable
                 better understanding, determination, and modulation of
                 the pathways responsible for protective immunity, thus
                 consequently improving the health of the fish in
                 aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hu:2023:TMA,
  author =       "Guangwei Hu and Weili Wang and Kai Xu and Chao Wang
                 and Dexue Liu and Jing Xu and Binlun Yan and Nanjing Ji
                 and Huan Gao",
  title =        "Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses of
                 \bioname{Palaemon carinicauda} Hepatopancreas in
                 Response to \bioname{Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei}
                 ({EHP}) Infection",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "92",
  day =          "05",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020092",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/92",
  abstract =     "Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP), a microsporidian
                 responsible for hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis, is a
                 major pathogen in commercial shrimp production. Among
                 the affected species, Palaemon carinicauda (formerly
                 Exopalaemon carinicauda) is commercially important in
                 China and represents a potential research model for
                 studying crustaceans. However, little information is
                 available on its response to EHP infection. Hence, this
                 study analyzed the transcriptome and metabolome of P.
                 carinicauda 's hepatopancreas using high-throughput
                 sequencing and liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry
                 (LC-MS) to determine its response during the early
                 stage of infection. The transcriptomic analyses
                 identified 730 differentially expressed genes, of which
                 those associated with EHP infection were enriched in
                 metabolic pathways as well as detoxification and
                 antioxidant pathways. In addition, 144 differential
                 metabolites were identified using a combination of
                 positive and negative ion modes in LC-MS. The Kyoto
                 encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analyses
                 further indicated that the degradation of aromatic
                 compounds, the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling
                 pathway and C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism were
                 significantly enriched after EHP infection. These
                 results could provide useful insights into the effects
                 of EHP on shrimps during the early stages of infection
                 and help to understand the mechanisms underlying the
                 stunted growth of shrimps after infection.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Filipe:2023:SSF,
  author =       "Diogo Filipe and M{\'a}rio Dias and Rui Magalh{\~a}es
                 and Helena Fernandes and Jos{\'e} Salgado and Isabel
                 Belo and Aires Oliva-Teles and Helena Peres",
  title =        "Solid-State Fermentation of Distiller's Dried Grains
                 with Solubles Improves Digestibility for {European}
                 Seabass (\bioname{Dicentrarchus labrax}) Juveniles",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "90",
  day =          "03",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020090",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/90",
  abstract =     "Aquaculture requires new, economical, and eco-friendly
                 protein sources to replace traditional fisheries and
                 plant ingredients. Using agriculture by-products as
                 protein sources would reduce land-based feed production
                 pressure and waste production, promoting a circular
                 economy and sustainable aquaculture. Distiller's dried
                 grains with solubles (DDGS) is the main by-product of
                 bioethanol production. Corn DDGS has a high protein
                 level, but its high fiber content limits its use as a
                 feed ingredient, particularly for carnivorous fish.
                 Solid-state fermentation (SSF) uses
                 lignocellulosic-rich substrates, such as DDGS, for
                 microbial growth in the near absence of water,
                 promoting enzyme production that degrades the
                 lignocellulosic matrix, increasing free reducing
                 sugars, protein, and antioxidant levels of the
                 substrate. In the present work, the SSF of corn DDGS
                 with Aspergillus carbonarius, A. ibericus, and A.
                 uvarum was tested. Then, the digestibility of the most
                 promising fermented DDGS (in terms of upgraded
                 nutritional composition) was tested by including it in
                 a reference diet (70\% of a reference diet; 48\% crude
                 protein; 15\% crude lipids) for European seabass
                 (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles (171 g averaged
                 weight; trial duration of 52 days). Among the fungi
                 tested, Aspergillus ibericus led a generally higher
                 upgrading of the DDGS nutritional composition, leading
                 to a high amount of protein (from 42.7 to 49.7 g N/kg
                 DM), phenolic compounds (1.49 to 4.86 mg/g caffeic acid
                 equivalents), free sugars (9.5 to 31.9 mg/g), and
                 enzyme production (45 U/g and 68 U/g of cellulase and
                 xylanase, respectively), and a high reduction in acid
                 detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber content (up
                 to 29 and 43\%, respectively). Compared to the
                 unfermented DDGS, fermented DDGS presented increased
                 protein, lipids, starch, and energy digestibility,
                 while phosphorous digestibility was similar. Compared
                 to the reference diet, dietary inclusion of unfermented
                 or fermented DDGS increased trypsin and chymotrypsin
                 activities. The activity of digestive enzymes was not
                 affected by the inclusion of fermented DDGS, except for
                 amylase activity, which was lower with the fermented
                 DDGS than with the unfermented DDGS diet. In
                 conclusion, SSF of DDGS enhanced its nutritional value,
                 increasing DDGS digestibility when included in diets
                 for European seabass juveniles.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wei:2023:GSP,
  author =       "Xuelian Wei and Zeqin Fu and Jiji Li and Baoying Guo
                 and Yingying Ye",
  title =        "Genetic Structure and Phylogeography of Commercial
                 \bioname{Mytilus unguiculatus} in \geoname{China} Based
                 on Mitochondrial \gene{COI} and \gene{Cytb} Sequences",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "89",
  day =          "02",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020089",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/89",
  abstract =     "In order to study the genetic structure and population
                 geographic distribution pattern of coastal mussel
                 populations in the coast of China, mitochondrial DNA
                 (COI and Cytb genes) were used to analyze the genetic
                 diversity, genetic structure, and population history
                 dynamics of Mytilus unguiculatus in the East China Sea
                 and the Yellow Sea. We detected high levels of genetic
                 diversity in seven populations of M. unguiculatus. A
                 total of 34 haplotypes of COI genes and 29 haplotypes
                 of Cytb were obtained. The haplotype diversity of COI
                 ranged from around 0.77 to 0.93 (Cytb: 0.83--0.91). The
                 nucleotide diversity of COI ranged from around 0.0044
                 to 0.0064 (Cytb: 0.0049--0.0063). The coefficient of
                 genetic differentiation (F ST) of COI ranged from
                 around 0.031 to 0.080, and Cytb ranged from around
                 0.028 to 0.039. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA)
                 and a phylogenetic tree showed that the genetic
                 structure was relatively weak, and there was no clear
                 population differentiation. The neutrality test results
                 showed that Tajima's D value and Fu's Fs value were not
                 significant, and no significant population demographic
                 events, including population expansion or population
                 bottleneck, were detected in the samples. The Bayesian
                 skyline graph analysis showed that the effective
                 population size has been relatively stable for nearly
                 10,000 years, without any large population
                 fluctuations. It was speculated that the seven
                 populations in the present study should belong to the
                 same group. This study provides a comprehensive survey
                 of the genetic characteristics of M. unguiculatus,
                 filling the gaps among related studies. It provides
                 theoretical support and material accumulation for seed
                 selection and breeding, genetic resources' protection,
                 and breeding management in the future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kerzerho:2023:MRA,
  author =       "Vincent Kerz{\'e}rho and Florence Aza{\"\i}s and Serge
                 Bernard and Sylvain Bonhommeau and Blandine Brisset and
                 Laurent De Knyff and Mohan Julien and Michel Renovell
                 and Tristan Rouyer and Claire Saraux and Fabien
                 Soulier",
  title =        "Multilinear Regression Analysis between Local
                 Bioimpedance Spectroscopy and Fish Morphological
                 Parameters",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "88",
  day =          "01",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020088",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/88",
  abstract =     "Repeated fish handling may cause stress, which biases
                 experiments and so affects the results. In order to
                 reduce this, the present study investigates the benefit
                 of using bioimpedance analysis to estimate
                 morphological parameters. Bioimpedance analysis is a
                 non-lethal and integrative electrical measurement that
                 can be used to estimate several kinds of physiological
                 parameters and is used in medicine and ecological
                 studies. In particular, bioimpedance can monitor the
                 individual growth of fish, which is a prerequisite for
                 most biological and ecological studies, as body size is
                 one of the best predictors for numerous life history
                 traits and ecological parameters. After a short review
                 on the use of bioimpedance measurement in medicine and
                 ecology, we illustrate the potential of bioimpedance
                 spectroscopy, as opposed to single frequency
                 measurement, for experimental studies on fish. Using a
                 monolithic four-contact electrode and a cost-effective
                 portable system, we conducted bioimpedance spectroscopy
                 on 159 sardines. The association between the length,
                 weight, and electrical parameters obtained at different
                 frequencies from the bioimpedance spectroscopy was
                 investigated. Our results show that accounting for more
                 than one frequency substantially improves the
                 prediction of length and weight. We conclude that
                 bioimpedance could potentially be a powerful tool for
                 monitoring fish growth in ecological studies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Duchatelet:2023:ECP,
  author =       "Laurent Duchatelet and Charlotte Nuyt and Nathan
                 Puozzo and J{\'e}r{\^o}me Mallefet and J{\'e}r{\^o}me
                 Delroisse",
  title =        "Evolutionary Conservation of Photophore Ultrastructure
                 in Sharks: The Case of a Dalatiid Squalomorph",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "87",
  day =          "01",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020087",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/87",
  abstract =     "Bioluminescence is a common ecological trait among
                 many marine organisms, including three shark families:
                 Etmopteridae, Dalatiidae, and Somniosidae. The kitefin
                 shark, Dalatias licha (Bonnaterre, 1788), from the
                 Dalatiidae family is the largest known luminous
                 vertebrate. This study compares the light organ
                 ultrastructure of D. licha with that of Etmopterus
                 spinax, the type species of Etmopteridae, to gain a
                 deeper understanding of the light emission process and
                 its evolutionary conservation within shark families.
                 The ultrastructure of D. licha 's photophores and the
                 morphological changes that occur after hormonal
                 stimulation (via melatonin and \alpha -MSH, which
                 stimulate or inhibit the bioluminescence, respectively)
                 were examined. The photophores consist of a spherical
                 pigmented sheath surrounding a unique, regionalized
                 light-emitting cell (photocyte). The photocyte's basal
                 area contains a specific area filled with granular
                 inclusions that resemble the glowon-type microsources
                 of E. spinax, suggesting that this area is the
                 intracellular site of light emission. An acidophilic
                 secretion, not present in Etmopteridae, is also
                 observed within the granular area and may be involved
                 in photogenesis. The ultrastructure analysis reveals no
                 lens cells or reticular layer, unlike in Etmopteridae
                 photophores, indicating a simpler organization in
                 Dalatiidae photophores. Melatonin stimulation causes
                 the removal of pigments from the photophore-associated
                 melanophores and an increase in the granular inclusion
                 diameter and coverage in the granular area, further
                 showing that this last area is the potential site of
                 light emission, while \alpha -MSH stimulation causes
                 the extension of the melanophore pigments and a
                 decrease in the granular inclusion diameter and
                 coverage. These results support the evolutive
                 conservation of photophore functional organization
                 across luminous etmopterid and dalatiid sharks.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shi:2023:STV,
  author =       "Yongchuang Shi and Bo Kang and Wei Fan and Lingling Xu
                 and Shengmao Zhang and Xuesen Cui and Yang Dai",
  title =        "Spatio-Temporal Variations in the Potential Habitat
                 Distribution of \geoname{Pacific} Sardine
                 (\bioname{Sardinops sagax}) in the \geoname{Northwest
                 Pacific Ocean}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "86",
  day =          "31",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020086",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/86",
  abstract =     "Pacific sardine (Sardinops saga x) is a commercially
                 important species and supports important fisheries in
                 the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NPO). Understanding the
                 habitat distribution patterns of Pacific sardine is of
                 great significance for fishing ground prediction and
                 stock management. In this study, both single-algorithm
                 and ensemble distribution models were established
                 through the Biomod2 package for Pacific sardine by
                 combining the species occurrence data, sea surface
                 temperature (SST), sea surface height (SSH), sea
                 surface salinity (SSS) and chlorophyll-a concentration
                 (Chla) in the NPO during the main fishing season
                 (June--November) from 2015 to 2020. The results
                 indicated that the key environmental variables
                 affecting the habitat distribution of Pacific sardine
                 were the SSH and SST. The suitable habitat area for
                 Pacific sardine showed significant monthly changes: the
                 suitable habitat range in June was larger than that in
                 July and August, while the suitable habitat range
                 gradually increased from September to November.
                 Furthermore, the monthly geometric centers of habitat
                 suitability index (HSI) for Pacific sardine presented a
                 counterclockwise pattern, gradually moving to the
                 northeast from June, and then turning back to the
                 southwest from August. Compared with single-algorithm
                 models, the ensemble model had higher evaluation metric
                 values and better spatial correspondence between
                 habitat prediction and occurrence records data, which
                 indicated that the ensemble model can provide more
                 accurate prediction and is a promising tool for
                 potential habitat forecasting and resource
                 management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Barash:2023:DPD,
  author =       "Adi Barash and Aviad Scheinin and Eyal Bigal and Ziv
                 Zemah Shamir and Stephane Martinez and Dan Tchernov",
  title =        "Depth Partitioning and Diel Movement of Two Large
                 Carcharhinid Sharks in Extremely Shallow Waters",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "85",
  day =          "31",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020085",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/85",
  abstract =     "Two species of carcharhinid sharks aggregate every
                 winter at the warm water effluent of a coastal power
                 plant on the Israeli Mediterranean coast. The two
                 species (Carcharhinus obscurus and Carcharhinus
                 plumbeus) cooccur in a highly confined area for several
                 months every year and are highly associated with the
                 area in and around the hot water effluent. Niche
                 partitioning has recently been suggested as a mechanism
                 that enables the coexistence of similar shark species
                 by resource partitioning, spatial partitioning, and
                 temporal partitioning. In this study, we used acoustic
                 telemetry to study the individual diel movement and
                 activity patterns within this enclosed area and
                 examined the differences between the two species
                 sharing it. Although this location only reaches a
                 maximum depth of 7.5 m, we found both species perform a
                 diel vertical movement, rising closer to the surface at
                 night and moving deeper during daytime. Furthermore,
                 the two shark species swam at different depths both day
                 and night, with C. obscurus swimming in the upper
                 column, about 2 m shallower than C. plumbeus. The very
                 small scale of movement, which nearly equals the
                 sharks' body length, suggests movement patterns might
                 be conserved at the species level. Moreover,
                 spatiotemporal differences between the two species may
                 reflect a mean of interspecific partitioning that
                 occurs even in a highly confined and shallow habitat.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jiao:2023:PST,
  author =       "Jinbiao Jiao and Jing Chen and Jiayun Yao and Yanli Li
                 and Xuemei Yuan and Lei Huang and Shengqi Su and Haiqi
                 Zhang",
  title =        "The Pathology and Splenic Transcriptome Profiling of
                 \bioname{Trionyx sinensis} Challenged with
                 \bioname{Bacillus cereus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "84",
  day =          "31",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020084",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/84",
  abstract =     "The pathogenic Bacillus cereus strain XS0724 isolated
                 from China can cause high lethality to Trionyx
                 sinensis, but little information is available on their
                 detailed interactions. In this study, histopathologic
                 profiling indicated that B. cereus caused vacuolization
                 and cell necrosis in the liver, spleen, kidney, and
                 intestine. The identification of the virulence factor
                 genes non-hemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe), hemolysin BL
                 (Hbl), and enterotoxin FM (entFM) confirmed bacterial
                 pathogenicity. Splenic transcriptomic sequencing at 96
                 h post-infection identified various immune-related
                 genes mapped to diverse gene families, including
                 interleukin, complement, chemokine, and interferon. The
                 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in
                 2174 GO terms: 1694 in biological processes, 138 in
                 cellular components, and 342 in molecular functions.
                 Further KEGG enrichment indicated that DEGs were
                 primarily associated with the phagosome, NF-kappa B
                 signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The
                 DEGs and enriched pathways may be involved in the
                 elimination of invasive B. cereus. These data laid the
                 foundation for elucidating the potential molecular
                 mechanisms in this bacterial infection process, and
                 provided robust genetic evidence for subsequent work on
                 resistance genes of T. sinensis.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Imsland:2023:CFA,
  author =       "Albert Kjartan Dagbjartarson Imsland",
  title =        "Cleaner Fish in Aquaculture",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "83",
  day =          "31",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020083",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/83",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Silkin:2023:TPE,
  author =       "Yuriy A. Silkin and Mikhail Yu. Silkin and Elizaveta
                 N. Silkina and Alla Silkina",
  title =        "Thermal Phenomena in Erythrocytes of the
                 \geoname{Black Sea} Thornback Ray (\bioname{Raja
                 clavata} {L.}) and Black Scorpionfish
                 (\bioname{Scorpaena porcus} {L.}) In Vitro",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "82",
  day =          "31",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020082",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/82",
  abstract =     "An evolutionary development of the rheological
                 characteristics of blood in the capillary blood flow is
                 one of indicator of fishes' adaptation for the changing
                 temperature conditions. Our earlier studies showed that
                 large, nucleated erythrocytes of the Black Sea
                 thornback ray (Raja clavata L.) and scorpionfish
                 (Scorpaena porcus L.) had high ecto-ATPase activity.
                 This activity varied from 3.0 to 3.9 and 6.0 to 10.0
                 nmol Fn/min/$ \mu $L RBC in rays and scorpionfish,
                 respectively. The use of thermal energy of ATP in the
                 hydrolysis process made by ecto-ATPases in fish
                 erythrocytes provided a heating of the plasma cells'
                 membrane and the near-wall plasma layer with an aim to
                 improve the rheological characteristics of blood in the
                 capillary blood flow. To confirm the proposed
                 assumption, we studied thermal phenomena in
                 erythrocytes suspensions of fishes by continuous
                 recording of temperature changes in the experimental
                 cell with fishes' erythrocytes suspension with the
                 addition of ATP (1 mg/mL) in vitro. A higher
                 ``thermal'' activity of scorpionfish erythrocytes was
                 established in comparison with erythrocytes of the
                 thornback ray, which had the multiplicity of activity
                 of ecto-ATPase in the plasma membranes of erythrocytes
                 of the studied fishes. The presence of heat-producing
                 activity of suspensions of erythrocytes of thornback
                 ray and scorpionfish is evidence of the possible use of
                 thermal energy of ATP hydrolysis by fish erythrocytes,
                 both to maintain the functional state of the plasma
                 membrane of red blood cells and to improve the
                 rheological characteristics of blood in the capillary
                 section of blood flow.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nuswantoro:2023:EPE,
  author =       "Soko Nuswantoro and Tzu-Yuan Sung and Meki Kurniawan
                 and Tsung-Meng Wu and Bonien Chen and Ming-Chang Hong",
  title =        "Effects of Phosphate-Enriched Nutrient in the
                 Polyculture of \geoname{Nile} Tilapia and Freshwater
                 Prawn in an Aquaponic System",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "81",
  day =          "30",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020081",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/81",
  abstract =     "Aquaponic systems are made up of hydroponic beds and
                 recycled aquaculture systems. The significant elements
                 that determine how effectively an aquaponic system
                 operates are the nitrogen cycle (nitrification) and the
                 phosphorus cycle (phosphate). Because some research
                 indicates that aquaponics systems are primarily
                 deficient in phosphorus, phosphate-enriched nutrients
                 were added to raise the phosphorus levels. During an
                 eight-week experimental period, the effects of water
                 quality parameters and microbiology, animal and plant
                 growth performance, chlorophyll compounds in lettuce,
                 and the bacterial community were analyzed. Phosphate
                 concentration (1.604 \pm 1.933 mg L \minus 1) and
                 ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) (1.19 $ \times $ 10 2
                 \pm 1.30 CFU mL \minus 1) give significant positive
                 reactions to the added nutrients. However, the prawn
                 survival rate (17.00 \pm 0.63\%) showed a significantly
                 negative response to nutrition modification containing
                 phosphate, and the percentage of bacterial pathogens
                 became more dominant (pathogen 40.51\%; N_bacteria
                 35.05\%; probiotics 24.44\%). This study shows that
                 adding phosphate increases phosphorus levels in an
                 aquaponics system and changes the microbial community
                 and species growth performance.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cai:2023:SAC,
  author =       "Kai Cai and Richard Kindong and Qiuyun Ma and Siquan
                 Tian",
  title =        "Stock Assessment of Chub Mackerel (\bioname{Scomber
                 japonicus}) in the \geoname{Northwest Pacific} Using a
                 Multi-Model Approach",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "80",
  day =          "30",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020080",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/80",
  abstract =     "Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) is a major targeted
                 species in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, fished by
                 China, Japan, and Russia, and predominantly captured
                 with purse seine fishing gear. A formal stock
                 assessment of Chub mackerel in the region has yet to be
                 implemented by the managing authority, that is, the
                 North Pacific Fisheries Commission (NPFC). This study
                 aims to provide a wider choice of potential models for
                 the stock assessment of Chub mackerel in the Northwest
                 Pacific using available data provided by members of the
                 NPFC. The five models tested in the present study are
                 CMSY, BSM, SPiCT, JABBA, and JABBA-Select. Furthermore,
                 the influence of different data types and input
                 parameters on the performance of the different models
                 used was evaluated. These effects for each model are
                 catch time series for CMSY, catch time series and prior
                 of the relative biomass for BSM, prior information for
                 SPiCT, and selectivity coefficients for JABBA-Select.
                 Catch and CPUE (catch per unit effort) data used are
                 derived from NPFC, while some life history information
                 is referred from other references. The results indicate
                 that Chub mackerel stock might be slightly overfished,
                 as indicated by CMSY (B 2020 / B MSY = 0.98, F 2020 / F
                 MSY = 1.12), BSM (B 2020 / B MSY = 0.97, F 2020 / F MSY
                 = 1.21), and the base case run for the JABBA-Select (SB
                 2020 / SB MSY = 0.99, H 2020 / H MSY = 0.99) models.
                 The results of the models SPiCT (B 2020 / B MSY = 2.30,
                 F 2020 / F MSY = 0.31) and JABBA (B 2020 / B MSY =
                 1.40, F 2020 / F MSY = 0.62) showed that the state of
                 this stock may be healthy. Changes in the catch time
                 series did not affect CMSY results but did affect BSM.
                 The present study confirms that prior information for
                 BSM and SPiCT models is very important in order to
                 obtain reliable results on the stock status. The
                 results of JABBA-Select showed that different
                 selectivity coefficients can affect the stock status of
                 a species, as observed in the present study. Based on
                 the optimistic stock status indicated by the best
                 model, JABBA, a higher catch is allowable, but further
                 projection is required for specific catch limit
                 setting. Results suggested that, as a precautionary
                 measure, management would be directed towards
                 maintaining or slightly reducing the fishing effort for
                 the sustainable harvest of this fish stock, while
                 laying more emphasis on accurately estimating prior
                 input parameters for use in assessment models.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2023:QMG,
  author =       "Yuhan Chen and Jintai Huang and Zhan Jin and Junping
                 Chen and Meng Zhang and Miao Yu and Hongxia Jiang and
                 Lei Wang and Zhigang Qiao",
  title =        "{QTL} Mapping of Growth Traits in \geoname{Yellow
                 River} Carp (\bioname{Cyprinus carpio haematopterus})
                 at 5--17 Months after Hatching",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "79",
  day =          "29",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020079",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/79",
  abstract =     "To screen the quantitative trait loci (QTL) and genes
                 related to the growth of Yellow River carp (Cyprinus
                 carpio haematopterus) after removing the maternal
                 effect, we established a family of these carps. Four
                 growth-related traits (body length, height, thickness,
                 and weight) of the family at 5 and 17 months after
                 hatching (MAH) were measured. Analysis of QTL mapping
                 for the four growth-related traits was conducted using
                 the genetic linkage map constructed in our laboratory.
                 We identified 47 QTL that were related to the four
                 growth traits and three consensus QTL (cQTL). A total
                 of 10, 14, 10, and 13 QTL were associated with body
                 length, height, thickness, and weight, respectively;
                 cQTL-1, cQTL-2, and cQTL-3 contained 11, 2, and 2 QTL,
                 respectively. We detected 17 growth-related candidate
                 genes within 50 Kb upstream and downstream of the five
                 main-effect QTL (phenotypic variation explained {$>$}
                 10\%, logarithm of odds {$>$} 5.5). Two genes (cbfa2t2
                 and neca1) that may be affected by maternal effects
                 were identified by comparing the main-effect QTL at 17
                 and 5--17 MAH. This study was the first attempt to
                 eliminate growth-related QTL and genes affected by
                 maternal effects in Yellow River carp. These results
                 can be used in molecular marker-assisted breeding and
                 provide valuable genomic resources for the genetic
                 mechanisms underlying growth in Yellow River carp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yang:2023:ENT,
  author =       "Shenglong Yang and Linlin Yu and Fei Wang and Tianfei
                 Chen and Yingjie Fei and Shengmao Zhang and Wei Fan",
  title =        "The Environmental Niche of the Tuna Purse Seine Fleet
                 in the \geoname{Western and Central Pacific Ocean}
                 Based on Different Fisheries Data",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "78",
  day =          "29",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020078",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/78",
  abstract =     "Understanding the spatial pattern of human fishing
                 activity is very important for fisheries resource
                 monitoring and spatial management. The environmental
                 preferences of tropical tuna purse seine fleet in the
                 Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) were
                 constructed and compared at different spatial scales
                 based on the fishing effort (FE) data from the
                 available automatic identification system (AIS) and
                 commercial fishery data compiled from the Western and
                 Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC), using
                 maximum entropy (MaxEnt) methods. The MaxEnt models
                 were fitted with FE and commercial fishery data and
                 remote sensing environmental data. Our results showed
                 that the area under the curve (AUC) value each month
                 based on the commercial fishery data (1\degree) and FE
                 at 0.25\degree and 0.5\degree spatial scales was
                 greater than 0.8. The AUC values each month based on
                 the FE data at a 1\degree scale ranged from 0.775 to
                 0.829. The AUC values based on commercial fishing data
                 at the 1\degree scale were comparable to the model
                 results based on FE data at the 0.5\degree scale and
                 inferior to the model results based on FE data at the
                 0.25\degree scales. Overall, the sea surface
                 temperature (SST), temperature at 100 metres (T100),
                 oxygen concentration at 100 metres (O100) and total
                 primary production (PP) had the greatest influence on
                 the distribution of the purse seine tuna fleet. The
                 oxygen concentration at 200 metres (O200), distance to
                 shore (DSH), dissolved oxygen (Dox), EKE, mixed layer
                 depth (Mld), sea surface salinity (SSS), salinity at
                 100 metres (S100) and salinity at 200 metres (S200) had
                 moderate influences, and other environmental variables
                 had little influence. The suitable habitat areas varied
                 in response to environmental conditions. The purse
                 seine tuna fleet was mostly present at locations where
                 the SST, T100, O100, O200 and PP were 28--30 \degree C,
                 27--29 \degree C, 150--200 mmol/m 3 and 5--10 mg/m
                 \minus 3, respectively. The MaxEnt models enable the
                 integration of AIS data and high-resolution
                 environmental data from satellite remote sensing to
                 describe the spatiotemporal distribution of the tuna
                 purse seine fishery and the influence of environmental
                 variables on the distribution, and can provide
                 forecasts for fishing ground distributions based on
                 future remote sensing environmental data.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Choi:2023:PEE,
  author =       "Young Jae Choi and Seul Gi Na Ra Park and A-Hyun Jo
                 and Jun-Hwan Kim",
  title =        "Physiological Effect of Extended Photoperiod and Green
                 Wavelength on the Pituitary Hormone, Sex Hormone and
                 Stress Response in Chub Mackerel, \geoname{Scomber
                 japonicus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "77",
  day =          "29",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020077",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See correction \cite{Choi:2023:CCA}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/77",
  abstract =     "Chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus, is heavily farmed
                 and harvested due to its demand as a high-quality
                 protein source rich in fatty acids. However, the
                 effects of environmental cues on sexual maturation of
                 the fish remain understudied. We aim to elucidate the
                 effect of light manipulation on the hormones related to
                 reproduction and on the stress response in the species.
                 Mackerel were exposed to different photoperiods (12 h
                 light:12 h dark or 14 h light:10 h dark) and light
                 wavelengths (provided by white fluorescent bulbs or
                 green LEDs). Total RNA extracted from the brain was
                 assayed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (a
                 powerful technique for advancing functional genomics)
                 and blood plasma was analyzed via immunoassay using
                 ELISA kits. The mRNA expression of gene-encoding
                 gonadotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropin hormone,
                 follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone
                 were significantly increased through the use of an
                 extended photoperiod and green wavelength, which also
                 increased testosterone and 17\beta -estradiol plasma
                 levels. Plasma levels of cortisol and glucose, which
                 are indicators of a stress response, were significantly
                 decreased through green LED exposure. Our results
                 indicate that environmental light conditions affect the
                 production of pituitary and sex hormones, and reduce
                 the stress response in S. japonicus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:NDD,
  author =       "Yaxi Li and Zhi Yan and Ainuo Lin and Xiaodong Li and
                 Ke Li",
  title =        "Non-Dose-Dependent Relationship between Antipredator
                 Behavior and Conspecific Alarm Substance in Zebrafish",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "76",
  day =          "28",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020076",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/76",
  abstract =     "A series of behavioral detection paradigms have been
                 developed for zebrafish (Danio rerio) to examine
                 anxiety-like behavioral responses. Among them, the
                 novel tank diving test is rapidly gaining popularity in
                 translational neuroscience and behavioral research for
                 the investigation of psychopharmacological activity
                 focusing on stress. Zebrafish respond to conspecific
                 epidermal-released alarm substances with antipredator
                 reactions. Although the alarm responses of zebrafish
                 were well characterized in a novel tank diving
                 experiment, the relationship between the intensity of
                 the alarm behavior and the concentration of the alarm
                 substance needed to be understood more adequately. In
                 the current paper, we investigated the behavioral
                 phenotypes and potencies of zebrafish elicited by the
                 serial dilution of an alarm substance in the novel tank
                 diving test. Using a video-tracking assisted behavioral
                 quantification approach, we demonstrated no linear
                 concentration-dependent relationship between
                 antipredator behavior and skin extracts, suggesting
                 that an optimal concentration induced each typical
                 behavioral response. The results showed that the
                 freezing duration (\%) significantly increased when
                 stimulated with 10 4 -fold times dilutions of skin
                 extract (equivalent 5 $ \times $ 10 \minus 5 fish/L),
                 while erratic movements (\%), time in the bottom half
                 (\%), and latency to the upper half (s) significantly
                 elevated when stimulated with 10 3 -fold times
                 dilutions (equivalent 5 $ \times $ 10 \minus 4 fish/L).
                 Therefore, the concentration threshold for an alarm
                 substance that elicited innate fear behavior in
                 zebrafish was presumed to be an equivalent
                 concentration of approximately 5 $ \times $ 10 \minus 4
                 fish/L. The conclusions may fill a knowledge gap
                 between the innate fear response triggered by injured
                 skin and a novel tank diving paradigm that provides
                 insights into the characterization of alarm substance,
                 behavioral responses, and physiological response
                 mechanisms in zebrafish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Luo:2023:GDJ,
  author =       "Yang Luo and Yufeng Zhang and Ruli Cheng and Qinghua
                 Li and Yu Zhang and Yingwen Li and Yanjun Shen",
  title =        "Genetic Diversity of \bioname{Jinshaia sinensis}
                 ({Cypriniformes, Balitoridae}) Distributed Upstream of
                 the \geoname{Yangtze River}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "75",
  day =          "28",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020075",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/75",
  abstract =     "The upper reaches of the Yangtze River (upper YR) are
                 a biological zone with extremely rich fish diversity,
                 especially endemic fish. However, long-term human
                 interference, such as environmental pollution and
                 cascade hydropower construction, has significantly
                 changed the habitat of many fish and is threatening the
                 number and genetic diversity of fish populations.
                 Jinshaia sinensis is a typical small and endemic but
                 rare fish that is found in the upper YR, and its
                 genetic diversity and structure still need further
                 study. To understand the current levels of genetic
                 diversity in J. sinensis, we analyzed the genetic
                 diversity, population history, genetic structure, etc.,
                 of three J. sinensis populations based on two
                 mitochondrial genes (the cytochrome-c oxidase subunit
                 I, COI, and cytochrome-b gene, Cytb) and two nuclear
                 genes (recombination-activating protein 1, RAG1, and
                 rhodopsin, RH). The genetic diversity analysis
                 indicated that J. sinensis had high genetic diversity,
                 with high haplotype diversity (h) and nucleotide
                 diversity (Pi). Population pairwise F ST analysis
                 revealed a significant genetic divergence between the
                 Lijiang and Luzhou populations for all genes and
                 between the Panzhihua and Luzhou populations, except
                 for the COI gene; however, analyses of molecular
                 variance (AMOVA) showed no significant geographic
                 genetic structure among populations, and gene flow
                 analysis also indicated a certain degree of gene
                 exchange among populations. Haplotype network structure
                 analyses revealed low levels of shared haplotypes among
                 populations. Neutrality test and mismatch distribution
                 results indicated that only the Lijiang population had
                 experienced obvious population expansion. Overall,
                 these results indicate that J. sinensis is still a
                 single evolutionarily significant unit, but when
                 considering the threat of habitat disturbance to the
                 population, it is still necessary to carry out
                 long-term genetic monitoring on J. sinensis and on
                 other endemic fishes with similar ecological habits in
                 order to maintain the genetic diversity of fishes in
                 the upper YR.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Bassmann:2023:ESD,
  author =       "Bj{\"o}rn Ba{\ss}mann and Lisa Hahn and Alexander Rebl
                 and Lisa Carolina Wenzel and Marc-Christopher
                 Hildebrand and Marieke Verleih and Harry Wilhelm Palm",
  title =        "Effects of Stocking Density, Size, and External Stress
                 on Growth and Welfare of \geoname{African} Catfish
                 (\geoname{Clarias gariepinus} {Burchell}, 1822) in a
                 Commercial {RAS}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "74",
  day =          "26",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020074",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/74",
  abstract =     "The effects of semi-intensive (100 kg m \minus 3),
                 intensive (200 kg m \minus 3), and super-intensive (400
                 kg m \minus 3) stocking densities on the growth and
                 welfare of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were
                 investigated under commercial production conditions.
                 Plasma cortisol, glucose, and selected transcripts
                 following a stress challenge, lactate, as well as skin
                 lesions, were analyzed at regular intervals (from 12 g
                 juveniles to 1.5--2.0 kg). The fish grew well, but
                 after 23 weeks, the semi-intensively stocked fish had a
                 mean final weight of 1830.5 g, significantly higher
                 than the super-intensively stocked fish with 1615.4 g,
                 and considerably higher than the intensively stocked
                 fish with 1664.8 g (p {$>$} 0.05). Cortisol and glucose
                 responses significantly differed between stressed and
                 unstressed fish, but not between treatment groups. An
                 unforeseen external stressor (nearby demolition noise)
                 caused stress responses among all treatment groups, but
                 was similarly coped with. Mortality ranged between
                 3.8--9.2\%. In the juveniles, skin lesions were reduced
                 under intensive or super-intensive densities, with the
                 least under semi-intensive densities in outgrown fish.
                 Expression profiles of 22 genes were compared in the
                 spleen at semi-intensive and super-intensive densities.
                 The transcript concentrations of most genes remained
                 unchanged, except for slc39a8 and mtf1, which were
                 significantly downregulated in stressed catfish under
                 semi-intensive conditions. We demonstrated that African
                 catfish growth performance and welfare depend on age
                 and stocking density, also reacting to demolition
                 noise. This supports farm management to optimize
                 stocking densities during the grow-out of African
                 catfish in RAS and suggests avoiding external stress.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Tseng:2023:LRP,
  author =       "Huan-Sheng Tseng and Hsin-Hua Tsai and Po-Hsing
                 Tseng",
  title =        "The Labour Rights Protection of Migrant Fishing
                 Workers in \geoname{Taiwan}: Case Study of
                 \geoname{Nan-Fang-Ao} Fishing Harbor",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "73",
  day =          "26",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020073",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/73",
  abstract =     "Marine fisheries are undeniably important to Taiwan in
                 terms of economic development and industrial
                 strategies. In the past 10 years, Taiwan's fishery GDP
                 accounted for 14\% to 21\% of all agriculture,
                 forestry, fishery, and animal husbandry, which is
                 higher than both animal husbandry and forestry. Since
                 the domestic population structure of Taiwan has
                 changed, the domestic fishery industrial labor force
                 has gradually been replaced by migrant fishing workers.
                 The issue of migrant fishing workers' protection has
                 received attention from non-governmental organizations,
                 and cross-national recruitment administration has
                 become the greatest challenge faced by Taiwan's
                 authority. Therefore, this paper describes the
                 necessary protection of the labor conditions and
                 interests of migrant fishermen by analyzing their
                 status and human rights protection in the historical
                 development of Taiwan's marine fisheries. In addition,
                 considering the well-being of migrant fishing workers,
                 this paper conducts a feasibility assessment on the
                 operation of the ``Nan-Fang-Ao Fishermen's Hostel'' at
                 the Nan-Fang-Ao Fishing Harbor and illustrates the
                 urgent need to re-examine the migrant fishing workers'
                 protection. This paper suggests that the government
                 agencies should actively advise employers to accept
                 migrant fishermen's requests for better living
                 environments onshore and guarantee basic living
                 conditions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Perri:2023:EMD,
  author =       "Edward Perri and Leslie Sturmer and Paul S. Wills and
                 John Baldwin and Susan Laramore",
  title =        "Effect of Microalgal Diets on Sunray Venus Clam
                 (\geoname{Macrocallista nimbosa}) Production and Fatty
                 Acid Profile",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "72",
  day =          "26",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020072",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/72",
  abstract =     "The sunray venus (sunray) clam, Macrocallista nimbosa,
                 is an alternative clam species reared in hard clam
                 hatcheries in Florida. Current feeding practices follow
                 those used for hard clam culture. This study aimed to
                 identify whether a hard clam bi-algal Tisochrysis lutea
                 and Chaetoceros neogracile diet was an optimal diet for
                 post-set sunray clams or whether other microalgal
                 dietary combinations could improve production. Six
                 dietary bi-, tri-, or tetra-algal combinations
                 consisting of four microalgae species (Tisochrysis
                 lutea, Diacronema lutheri, Chaetoceros neogracile, and
                 Thalassiosira weissflogii) were fed for 6 weeks; the
                 growth, survival, and fatty acid profiles of post-set
                 clams were evaluated. Clams fed equal proportions of T.
                 lutea, D. lutheri, C. neogracile, and T. weissflogii
                 had higher growth, while those fed equal proportions of
                 T. lutea and C. neogracile had higher survival. The
                 poorest-performing diet consisted solely of diatoms. A
                 contrasting polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) profile
                 was found in post-set clams fed flagellate- or
                 diatom-only diets. Clams fed the bi-algal flagellate
                 diet had a higher percentage of docosahexaenoic acid
                 (DHA) but a lower percentage of (n-6) PUFA, whereas
                 those fed the bi-algal diatom diet had a higher
                 percentage of arachidonic acid (ARA) and
                 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) but a lower percentage of
                 DHA. The percentages were similar and neither very high
                 nor very low in clams fed the remaining dietary
                 treatments. The results of this study show that sunray
                 venus post-set clams can be successfully produced when
                 fed a typical hard clam bi-algal flagellate and diatom
                 diet, but they indicate that growth may be accelerated
                 by the addition of other microalgae species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pham:2023:TEO,
  author =       "Ca-Van Pham and Hui-Cheng Wang and Sheng-Hung Chen and
                 Jie-Min Lee",
  title =        "The Threshold Effect of Overfishing on Global Fishery
                 Outputs: International Evidence from a Sustainable
                 Fishery Perspective",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "71",
  day =          "24",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020071",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/71",
  abstract =     "Using global fishery outputs from 62 countries during
                 the period 2001--2020, this study applies the threshold
                 panel data model of Hansen (2000) to empirically
                 explore the nonlinear relations between the number of
                 fishing vessels, fishers, and fishery production, with
                 distinct overfishing stocks (overfishing) and fish
                 caught by trawling or dredging techniques (trawling) as
                 the threshold variables. Our findings show that the
                 levels of fishery outputs could be increased by
                 different combinations of primary factors, such as the
                 number of fishing vessels and fishers. More
                 specifically, when the number of fishing vessels and
                 fishermen operating in countries with a high ratio of
                 overfishing (overfishing {$>$} 4.4456) increased, their
                 fishery outputs significantly increased as compared
                 with countries with a low percentage of overfishing. As
                 overfishing activities increase, they can result in
                 significant shortages and imbalances of fishery
                 resources, directly influencing fish biomass,
                 biodiversity, and sustainability of fisheries, as well
                 as making destructive fishing practices worse for
                 marine ecosystems. Countries with a relatively high
                 proportion of trawler net usage (trawling {$>$} 4.5516)
                 would have significantly lower fishery outputs, as more
                 fishing vessels are invested in them, compared with
                 countries with a low proportion of trawling net use.
                 This implies that trawler net usage is a
                 non-sustainable fishing technique and harms fishery
                 resources. The policy implications of this study
                 indicate that taxing overfished species and
                 implementing trawling regulations could significantly
                 improve species richness and site-based abundance, thus
                 helping to sustain fishery outputs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhou:2023:NTA,
  author =       "Ziyu Zhou and Gu Shan and Xin Li and Wenxuan Guo and
                 Kexin Ma and Yueyao Yang and Yifan Li and Yunbang Zhang
                 and He Zhou and Xiaojuan Cao",
  title =        "De Novo Transcriptome Analysis of the Early Hybrid
                 Triploid Loach (\bioname{Misgurnus anguillicaudatus})
                 Provides Novel Insights into Fertility Mechanism",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "70",
  day =          "23",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020070",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/70",
  abstract =     "As a new freshwater aquaculture product, triploid
                 loaches (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) are characterized
                 by fast growth, high-quality meat, high edibility, high
                 resistance to disease, and sterility. In this study, a
                 natural tetraploid loach (4n = 100) ([female sign]) was
                 crossed with a diploid loach (2n = 50) ([male sign]),
                 thus creating the hybrid triploid loach (3n = 75). The
                 histological observations of triploid offspring and
                 diploid controls at 4 days post-hatching (dph), 15dph,
                 22dph, and 50dph showed that most of the hybrid
                 triploid loaches were abortive in the early gonad
                 differentiation process. To explore its fertility
                 mechanism, through transcriptome analyses of triploid
                 offspring and diploid controls at four periods, 10
                 differentially expressed genes related to the early
                 fertility mechanism were identified: amh, hormad1,
                 rec8, h2b, plvap, zp3, h2a, nrb0b1, ddx4, and esr2.
                 According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and
                 Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses of DEGs, two
                 pathways were identified that are closely related to
                 the early fertility mechanism at 50dph: the estrogen
                 signaling pathway and steroid biosynthesis. The
                 findings laid a foundation for further exploration of
                 their molecular inhibition mechanism in hybrid triploid
                 loaches.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Frid:2023:CES,
  author =       "Ori Frid and Tal Gavriel and Yigael Ben-Ari and Adi
                 Weinberger and Hagar Yancovich-Shalom and Jonathan
                 Belmaker",
  title =        "Catch Estimates and Species Composition of
                 Recreational Fishing in \geoname{Israel}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "69",
  day =          "23",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020069",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/69",
  abstract =     "Recreational fishing is common around the
                 Mediterranean Sea. The number of recreational fishers
                 is growing, and they are using increasingly efficient
                 fishing techniques. However, fisher activity is
                 heterogeneous, both temporally and spatially, making it
                 very difficult to determine this sector's fishing
                 pressure and annual yields. Therefore, estimates of
                 annual yields and ecological effects of this fishing
                 sector are limited. In this study, we undertook an
                 extensive survey designed to document and quantify
                 recreational fishing patterns across the Israeli
                 Mediterranean shoreline. We comprehensively quantified
                 recreational fishing using three complementary
                 strategies: (1) ground surveys, including interviews
                 with anglers on the coast, (2) personalized phone
                 interviews, and (3) aerial surveys by helicopter. These
                 methods were used to calculate annual recreational
                 yield and to estimate species and size composition,
                 which were then compared to the commercial fishing
                 catch. We found that a recreational catch makes up
                 between 10\%-37\% of the total annual fishing yields,
                 which is similar to estimates from other regions of the
                 Mediterranean. We also found that non-indigenous
                 species are among the most common species in
                 recreational catch and have become a significant part
                 of local fishery yields. Recreational angling from the
                 coast targets smaller, reef associated species compared
                 to recreational fishers at sea. We identified 23
                 species common to both recreational fishing and
                 commercial fishing, over which conflicts between
                 fishing sectors may arise. These results can be used to
                 more accurately manage Israeli fisheries and can
                 provide a baseline against which to compare future
                 changes in a region under the threats of climate
                 change, biological invasions, and growing human
                 pressure.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sardi:2023:SET,
  author =       "Adriana E. Sardi and Jos{\'e} M. Moreira and Lisa
                 Omingo and Xavier Cousin and Marie-Laure B{\'e}gout and
                 Manuel Manchado and Nina Marn",
  title =        "Simulating the Effects of Temperature and Food
                 Availability on True Soles (\bioname{Solea} spp.)
                 Early-Life History Traits: a Tool for Understanding
                 Fish Recruitment in Future Climate Change Scenarios",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "68",
  day =          "22",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020068",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/68",
  abstract =     "Research on recruitment variability has gained
                 momentum in the last years, undoubtedly due to the many
                 unknowns related to climate change impacts. Knowledge
                 about recruitment --- the process of small, young fish
                 transitioning to an older, larger life stage --- timing
                 and success is especially important for commercial fish
                 species, as it allows predicting the availability of
                 fish and adapting fishing practices for its sustainable
                 exploitation. Predicting tools for determining the
                 combined effect of temperature rise and food quality
                 and quantity reduction (two expected outcomes of
                 climate change) on early-life history traits of fish
                 larvae are valuable for anticipating and adjusting
                 fishing pressure and policy. Here we use a previously
                 published and validated dynamic energy budget (DEB)
                 model for the common sole (Solea solea) and adapt and
                 use the same DEB model for the Senegalese sole (S.
                 senegalensis) to predict the effects of temperature and
                 food availability on Solea spp. early life-history
                 traits. We create seven simulation scenarios,
                 recreating RCP 4.5 and 8.5 Intergovernmental Panel on
                 Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios and including a
                 reduction in food availability. Our results show that
                 temperature and food availability both affect the age
                 at metamorphosis, which is advanced in all scenarios
                 that include a temperature rise and delayed when food
                 is limited. Age at puberty was also affected by the
                 temperature increase but portrayed a more complex
                 response that is dependent on the spawning (batch)
                 period. We discuss the implications of our results in a
                 climate change context.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ji:2023:PTR,
  author =       "Nanjing Ji and Mingyang Xu and Junyue Wang and Junjia
                 Li and Shishi Liu and Xueyao Yin and Xin Shen and
                 Yuefeng Cai",
  title =        "Physiological and Transcriptomic Response of
                 \geoname{Asiatic} Hard Clam \bioname{Meretrix meretrix}
                 to the Harmful Alga \bioname{Heterosigma akashiwo}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "67",
  day =          "22",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020067",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/67",
  abstract =     "The ichthyotoxic raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo is
                 associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). Although
                 the influence of H. akashiwo on fish has been reported,
                 little is known of its effects on other marine
                 organisms, such as shellfish. In this study, the
                 physiological and transcriptomic responses of the
                 Asiatic hard clam Meretrix meretrix to H. akashiwo were
                 investigated. The results showed that clam survival was
                 not influenced by H. akashiwo (at a concentration of 2
                 $ \times $ 10 4 cells/mL), and M. meretrix eliminated
                 the alga effectively after 48 h in co-culture. H.
                 akashiwo did not alter the antioxidant capacity of the
                 clams. However, 544 unigenes were found to be
                 differentially expressed between the control and H.
                 akashiwo -treated clams. Interestingly, the significant
                 up-regulation of lysosome-related genes and transport
                 proteins suggested remodeling of the clam metabolism
                 possibly for digestion of H. akashiwo. In summary, our
                 results indicate that the clam M. meretrix can
                 effectively feed on H. akashiwo, and intensification of
                 shellfish farming may be helpful to control and
                 mitigate H. akashiwo blooms.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dezfuli:2023:RCP,
  author =       "Bahram Sayyaf Dezfuli and Giuseppe Castaldelli and
                 Massimo Lorenzoni and Antonella Carosi and Mykola
                 Ovcharenko and Giampaolo Bosi",
  title =        "Rodlet Cells Provide First Line of Defense against
                 Swimbladder Nematode and Intestinal Coccidian in
                 \bioname{Anguilla anguilla}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "66",
  day =          "21",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020066",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/66",
  abstract =     "A subpopulation of 97 European eels, Anguilla
                 anguilla, was obtained from a local consortium of Lake
                 Trasimeno. The fish were examined for parasites in the
                 swimbladder (SB) and intestine; the SBs of 66 (68\%) of
                 the 97 eels contained 480 adult specimens of the
                 nematode Anguillicoloides crassus (Kuwahara, Niimi and
                 Itagaki, 1974) and the intensity of infection ranged
                 from 1 to 18 adult worms per SB (7.27 \pm 0.43, mean
                 \pm SE). In heavily infected SB, the wall was thicker;
                 upon excision, black-brownish adult nematodes were
                 noticed inside the lumen. The infected SBs showed a
                 papillose aspect of the epithelium and frequent
                 erosion, inflammation, hemorrhages, and dilation of
                 blood vessels. In parasitized SBs, mast cells and
                 macrophages were encountered in the mucosal layer; in
                 several heavily infected SB, rodlet cells were the sole
                 fish immune cells noticed in the epithelium and in
                 close contact with the A. crassus. With reference to
                 the eel intestinal epithelium, in fifteen eels, two
                 developmental stages of coccidian were close to
                 clusters of rodlet cells, the coccidian induced erosion
                 of the epithelium. The results of a panel of 12
                 antibodies in the European eel infected tissues will be
                 presented.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2023:ICG,
  author =       "Yan Wang and Zhihong Liu and Xi Chen and Liqing Zhou
                 and Xiujun Sun and Tao Yu and Xiaomei Wang and Yanxin
                 Zheng and Biao Wu",
  title =        "Identification and Characterization of \gene{GYS} and
                 \gene{GSK3$ \beta $} Provides Insights into the
                 Regulation of Glycogen Synthesis in \geoname{Jinjiang}
                 Oyster \bioname{Crassostrea ariakensis}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "65",
  day =          "21",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020065",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/65",
  abstract =     "Glycogen, a stored form of glucose, is an important
                 form of energy for aquatic shellfish, contributing to
                 the flavor and quality of the oyster. The glycogen
                 synthase (GYS) and glycogen synthase kinase 3\beta
                 (GSK3\beta) are two major enzymes in the glycogenesis.
                 However, the information of the two genes in the
                 Jinjiang oyster Crassostrea ariakensis remains limited.
                 In this study, we identified the genes of GYS and
                 GSK3\beta and further explored their function in the
                 glycogen synthesis of C. ariakensis. The GYS and
                 GSK3\beta were distributed in all tested tissues, and
                 high expression of GYS and glycogen content were
                 detected in the gonad, labial palp, hepatopancreas, and
                 mantle, while the high expression of GSK3\beta was
                 observed in the gill and adductor muscle. The
                 expression of GYS was positively correlated with the
                 glycogen content, while GSK3\beta was negatively
                 correlated. Additionally, knockdown of GSK3\beta using
                 RNAi decreased the GYS expression, revealing the
                 negative regulatory effect of GSK3\beta on GYS. These
                 findings enrich the research data of GSK3\beta and GYS
                 involved in glycogen synthesis, providing valuable
                 information for further research on the function of
                 GSK3\beta and GYS in the glycogen synthesis process of
                 oyster.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Okeke-Ogbuafor:2023:PSP,
  author =       "Nwamaka Okeke-Ogbuafor and Tim Gray and Kelechi Ani
                 and Selina Stead",
  title =        "Proposed Solutions to the Problems of the
                 \geoname{Lake Chad} Fisheries: Resilience Lessons for
                 \geoname{Africa}?",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "64",
  day =          "20",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020064",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/64",
  abstract =     "Fishing communities in Lake Chad are experiencing
                 humanitarian crises --- more than five million people
                 in the region are hungry and malnourished --- and
                 fishers are in dire need of improved fisheries
                 management policies. Understanding the fishers'
                 resilience, and how they perceive their fisheries
                 policies, could provide an opportunity for governments
                 and fisheries managers to refine their policies. The
                 present study, which is based on 38 semi-structured
                 interviews carried out between January and April 2022
                 on the Nigerian shores of Lake Chad, breaks new ground,
                 firstly by seeking to understand the issues raised by
                 declining fish stocks in Lake Chad from the viewpoints
                 of fishers themselves; and secondly by making use of
                 resilience theory to interpret the fishers' responses
                 to their situation. Our findings are that the fishers
                 have a surer grasp of the most effective resilience
                 strategies available to them than external bodies; and
                 that the fishers' adaptive resilience and local
                 knowledge provide a framework for developing smarter
                 fisheries management policies for Lake Chad. This study
                 provides evidence to support recommendations for
                 Africa's supranational, national and local governments
                 to invest in, and make use of, the fisheries research
                 on the ground to address the problems facing its
                 fisheries, rather than experimenting with seemingly
                 random ideas from across the globe. The Lake Chad
                 fisheries crisis is an extreme case demonstrating the
                 harmful effects of external influences from which the
                 fisheries of other African countries can learn
                 lessons.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Costa:2023:MMD,
  author =       "Wilson J. E. M. Costa and Caio R. M. Feltrin and
                 Jos{\'e} Leonardo O. Mattos and Roger H. Dalcin and
                 Vinicius Abilhoa and Axel M. Katz",
  title =        "Morpho-Molecular Discordance? {Re}-Approaching
                 Systematics of \bioname{Cambeva} ({Siluriformes:
                 Trichomycteridae}) from the
                 \geoname{Guaratuba-Babitonga-Itapocu Area, Southern
                 Brazil}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "63",
  day =          "20",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020063",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/63",
  abstract =     "A recent field inventory focusing on catfishes of the
                 trichomycterine genus Cambeva detected the occurrence
                 of two morphotypes, C. barbosae and C. cubataonis, in
                 the Guaratuba-Babitonga-Itapocu area (GBIA) of southern
                 Brazil, reporting some discordance with results of
                 coalescent-based approaches for species delimitation
                 that indicated different estimates of species number.
                 Contrastingly, based on examination of characters taken
                 from the external morphology and osteology, we here
                 recognised six species of Cambeva in GBIA: C. cf.
                 botuvera, a polymorphic and geographically widespread
                 species; C. cubataonis, endemic to the Rio Cubat{\~a}o
                 do Norte; and four new species, two endemic to the Rio
                 Itapocu basin, one endemic to the Ba{\'\i}a de
                 Babitonga system and one endemic to the Ba{\'\i}a de
                 Guaratuba system. We performed a molecular phylogenetic
                 analysis indicating that Cambeva comprises three major
                 clades, the alpha-, beta- and gama-clades, with C. cf.
                 botuvera and a clade comprising C. cubataonis and three
                 new species belonging to the beta-clade and another new
                 species belonging to the gama-clade. We concluded that
                 species here recognised are not in fact incongruent
                 with results of that recent study when taxa are
                 correctly identified by a representative sample of
                 morphological characters, highlighting the importance
                 of osteological characters for delimiting
                 trichomycterine species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2023:NCT,
  author =       "Sentao Chen and Peng Shi and Qingkai Feng and Xiaoting
                 Qiu and Jilin Xu and Xiaojun Yan and Chengxu Zhou",
  title =        "A Novel {C}-Type Lectin and Its Potential Role in
                 Feeding and Feed Selection in \bioname{Ruditapes
                 philippinarum}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "62",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020062",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/62",
  abstract =     "In recent years, the role of lectins in the feed
                 selection of bivalve has become hot research topic.
                 Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum is a species of
                 marine bivalve with important economic value. A new
                 C-type lectin (Rpcl) from the clam was obtained and its
                 potential role in feeding and feed selection was
                 studied. Rpcl cDNA was 929 bp in length and had 720 bp
                 of open reading frame. Rpcl encoded 235 amino acids,
                 comprising a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) as
                 well as an N-terminal signal peptide. Rpcl contained a
                 conserved CRD disulfide bond including five cysteine
                 residues (Cys 125, Cys 142, Cys 213, Cys 219, and Cys
                 237) and the QPN motif (GLN 204 -PRO 205 -ASN 206).
                 Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the amino acid
                 sequence of Rpcl was closely related to that of
                 Vpclec-1 from R. philippinarum and C-type lectin from
                 Mercenaria. The qPCR analysis indicated that Rpcl
                 expression was observed in all examined tissues and was
                 the highest in gills followed by in the hepatopancreas,
                 and to a lesser extent in the mantle and lip. The in
                 vitro agglutination experiments showed that, the
                 purified Rpcl protein could selectively agglutinate
                 with different microalgae. The strongest agglutinating
                 effect with Chlorella sp. was observed, followed by
                 Karlodinium veneficum and Chaetoceros debilis Cleve. No
                 agglutination with Prorocentrum minimum was observed.
                 In the feeding experiment, compared with that of the
                 starvation group, Rpcl expression in the lip and gill
                 of the clam fed with C. debilis and K. veneficum showed
                 a significant upward trend with the change of time. In
                 addition, it was found that the changes in the
                 expression of the Rpcl gene in the gill and lip, the
                 main feeding tissues, were consistent with the slope of
                 the decrease in the number of algal cells in the water
                 body. In summary, the structure of a new C-type lectin
                 (Rpcl) was reported in this study and its correlation
                 with the feeding and feed selection in R. philippinarum
                 was confirmed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Majhi:2023:ESD,
  author =       "Snigdha S. Majhi and Soibam Khogen Singh and Pradyut
                 Biswas and Reshmi Debbarma and Janmejay Parhi and
                 Soibam Ngasotter and Gusheinzed Waikhom and Dharmendra
                 Kumar Meena and Ayam Gangarani Devi and Sudhanshu S.
                 Mahanand and K. A. Martin Xavier and Arun Bhai Patel",
  title =        "Effect of Stocking Density on Growth, Water Quality
                 Changes and Cost Efficiency of Butter Catfish
                 (\bioname{Ompok bimaculatus}) during Seed Rearing in a
                 Biofloc System",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "61",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020061",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/61",
  abstract =     "Biofloc technology is a modern-day high-density fish
                 culture system employing heterotrophic conversion of
                 nitrogenous waste into useful flocs for water quality
                 control and improved welfare. However, optimization of
                 the stocking density for the target species during seed
                 rearing is the key to a successful farming operation.
                 The study evaluated the effect of different stocking
                 density on the growth, feed utilization, digestive
                 physiology and economics in a biofloc-based seed
                 rearing of butter catfish, O. bimaculatus. Advanced fry
                 (1.21 \pm 0.08 g) was reared in a zero-water exchange
                 biofloc system for 90 days at stocking densities of 0.5
                 g/L(T1), 1.0 g/L(T2), 1.5 g/L(T3) and 2.0 g/L(T4). The
                 observed water quality indicates a reduction in DO and
                 pH in T4, while the total ammonia nitrogen and nitrite
                 levels remained low in T1. Among the groups, highest
                 weight gain was noticed in the lowest stocking density
                 (0.5 g/L) (p {$<$} 0.05), which coincides with a better
                 feed conversion ratio. Similarly, the digestive enzyme
                 (protease, amylase, and lipase) secretion was higher in
                 T1. Profitability assessment describes the possibility
                 of low profit in T4, in the case where the fish's sale
                 price is based on harvested size. T1 showed higher
                 individual growth and higher profit. Overall, a low
                 stocking density of 0.5 g/Lis optimum for augmenting
                 growth, feed utilization, physiological function and
                 economic performance of O. bimaculatus. The study
                 provides direction for a low-stocking oriented
                 ecological and economically sustainable method of seed
                 production of butter catfish in a biofloc system.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Morick:2023:MIP,
  author =       "Danny Morick and Yuval Maron and Nadav Davidovich and
                 Ziv Zemah-Shamir and Yaarit Nachum-Biala and Peleg Itay
                 and Natascha Wosnick and Dan Tchernov and Shimon
                 Harrus",
  title =        "Molecular Identification of \bioname{Photobacterium
                 damselae} in Wild Marine Fish from the \geoname{Eastern
                 Mediterranean Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "60",
  day =          "18",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020060",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/60",
  abstract =     "Infectious diseases caused by marine bacterial
                 pathogens inflict increasing economic losses to
                 fisheries and aquaculture, while also posing a growing
                 risk to public health and affected species
                 conservation. In this study, four wild marine fish
                 species were collected at five fishing sites in Israel,
                 divided into two regions --- north (Acre, Haifa,
                 Shefayim) and center-south (Tel-Aviv and Ashdod), and
                 screened for Photobacterium damselae. An initial
                 screening was carried out using PCR analysis with
                 specifically designed primers on DNA extracted from
                 livers and kidneys. P. damselae -positive samples had
                 their 16S rRNA amplicons sequenced. Later, an attempt
                 to specify relevant sub-species was performed, using a
                 three-layered gene screen: Car, ureC and toxR. Of 334
                 fish samples, 47 (14\%) were found to be P. damselae
                 -positive, of which 20 were identified as P. damselae
                 subsp. piscicida (Phdp), two as P. damselae subsp.
                 damselae (Phdd) and 25 could not be identified to
                 subspecies. Our results strengthen the view that fish
                 residing in a polluted environment are receptive of
                 pathogenic microorganisms. To assess how the presence
                 of pathogens may affect population management and
                 conservation, this research should be followed by
                 studies aimed at: (i) quantifying levels of pollutants
                 that may affect pathogen emergence, and (ii) creating a
                 standard pollution-level index as a basis for setting
                 criteria, above which authorities should take measures
                 of precaution.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Baldissera:2023:CKA,
  author =       "Matheus D. Baldissera and Bernardo Baldisserotto",
  title =        "Creatine Kinase Activity as an Indicator of Energetic
                 Impairment and Tissue Damage in Fish: a Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "59",
  day =          "18",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020059",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/59",
  abstract =     "Creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme that produces and
                 uses phosphocreatine to transfer energy to maintain
                 tissue and cellular energy homeostasis, being
                 considered the main controller of cellular energy
                 homeostasis. Its activity in plasma/serum has been
                 commonly used to evaluate tissue damage, since CK is
                 released into the bloodstream during damage. This
                 review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the
                 use of CK activity in fish, focusing on its potential
                 as an indicator of the impairment of energetic
                 homeostasis and tissue damage during stressful
                 situations, such as exposure to contaminants (metals,
                 pesticides, microplastic), hypoxia, thermal stress, and
                 diseases (fungal, parasitic, and bacterial). Based on
                 the data, we can conclude that tissue CK activity can
                 be used as a suitable indicator of the impairment of
                 energetic homeostasis in fish exposed to different
                 aquaculture challenge conditions, while serum/plasma CK
                 activity can be used as the first evidence of possible
                 tissue damage, due to its release into the
                 bloodstream.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Office:2023:ARF,
  author =       "Fishes Editorial Office",
  title =        "Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of
                 {{\booktitle{Fishes}}} in 2022",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "58",
  day =          "18",
  month =        jan,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020058",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Mon Sep 18 07:38:50 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/58",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Apostolou:2023:FBB,
  author =       "Apostolos Apostolou and Luchezar Pehlivanov and
                 Michael Schabuss and Horst Zornig and Georg Wolfram",
  title =        "Fish Biozonation in the \geoname{Balkan Peninsula},
                 Especially in \geoname{Bulgaria}: a Challenge",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "91",
  day =          "03",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020091",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:31 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/2/91",
  abstract =     "Fish are important elements of aquatic ecosystems.
                 Their communities naturally follow the river continuum
                 and have been well described in the western European
                 freshwater watersheds. In regions of higher endemism,
                 such as the Balkan Peninsula, the widely accepted fish
                 zonation of Illies is doubtfully relevant. In this
                 study, a more suitable categorization of lotic and
                 lentic freshwater ecosystems in Bulgaria is proposed,
                 based on 389 multimethodological and multihabitat fish
                 sampling occasions. Referent-type communities have been
                 determined for 33 types of recognized water bodies.
                 Adapted zonation of Illies is a rough estimation of the
                 real distribution of fish assemblances in the country;
                 moreover, sensitive and/or endemic species are
                 generally of restricted distribution and abundance. In
                 view of the lentic ecosystems, they can be divided into
                 salmonid and cyprinid, at approximately 1500 m above
                 sea level.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2023:MCE,
  author =       "Lei Zhang and Peng Shi and Lin Zhang and Yajun Wang
                 and Jilin Xu and Xiaojun Yan and Kai Liao",
  title =        "Molecular Characterization and Expression Response of
                 {Ghrelin}, {GLP-1} and {PYY} to Fasting, Dietary Lipid,
                 and Fatty Acids in Silver Pomfret (\bioname{Pampus
                 argenteus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "170",
  day =          "22",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030170",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/170",
  abstract =     "Ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and peptide
                 YY (PYY) are potent hormones mediating food intake
                 according to the nutritional status in fish. However,
                 limited information is available on these genes and
                 their expression in response to nutrition in silver
                 pomfret (Pampus argenteus). A comparison analysis
                 revealed that ghrelin and GLP-1 were relatively
                 conserved in marine fish. PYYa and PYYb shared a low
                 identity and were clustered to different PYY branches.
                 Ghrelin, pyya, and pyyb mRNAs were highly expressed in
                 the brain, while glp-1 was highly expressed in the
                 gills and liver. The ghrelin mRNA expression was
                 relatively high an hour post-feeding and decreased
                 after 3 to 72 h of fasting. The glp - 1 mRNA expression
                 was increased after 6 to 24 h of fasting. The pyya mRNA
                 expression was increased after 72 h of fasting, while
                 the pyyb expression remained stable during fasting. The
                 diet with 14\% lipid promoted the expressions of glp-1,
                 pyya, and pyyb, but inhibited the ghrelin expression.
                 The ghrelin expression in the intestine was increased
                 after palmitic acid, oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid
                 (LA), {\alpha}-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid
                 (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) incubation. OA
                 decreased the expression of glp-1 and increased the
                 expression of pyya. The expression of pyyb was
                 downregulated by LA, DHA, and EPA. These results
                 suggest the importance of ghrelin, glp-1, and pyy in
                 coordinating food intake in response to fasting,
                 dietary lipid concentration, and fatty acids in silver
                 pomfret.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2023:DFD,
  author =       "Zhen Wang and Haolu Liu and Guangyue Zhang and Xiao
                 Yang and Lingmei Wen and Wei Zhao",
  title =        "Diseased Fish Detection in the Underwater Environment
                 Using an Improved {YOLOV5} Network for Intensive
                 Aquaculture",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "169",
  day =          "21",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030169",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/169",
  abstract =     "In intensive aquaculture, the real-time detection and
                 monitoring of common infectious disease is an important
                 basis for scientific fish epidemic prevention
                 strategies that can effectively reduce fish mortality
                 and economic loss. However, low-quality underwater
                 images and low-identification targets present great
                 challenges to diseased fish detection. To overcome
                 these challenges, this paper proposes a diseased fish
                 detection model, using an improved YOLOV5 network for
                 aquaculture (DFYOLO). The specific implementation
                 methods are as follows: (1) the C3 structure is used
                 instead of the CSPNet structure of the YOLOV5 model to
                 facilitate the industrial deployment of the algorithm;
                 (2) all the 3 $ \times $ 3 convolutional kernels in the
                 backbone network are replaced by a convolutional kernel
                 group consisting of parallel 3 $ \times $ 3, 1 $ \times
                 $ 3 and 3 $ \times $ 1 convolutional kernels; and (3)
                 the convolutional block attention module is added to
                 the YOLOV5 algorithm. Experimental results in a fishing
                 ground showed that the DFYOLO is better than that of
                 the original YOLOV5 network, and the average precision
                 was improved from 94.52\% to 99.38\% (when the
                 intersection over union is 0.5), for an increase of
                 4.86\%. Therefore, the DFYOLO network can effectively
                 detect diseased fish and is applicable in intensive
                 aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Contino:2023:URB,
  author =       "Martina Contino and Greta Ferruggia and Roberta
                 Pecoraro and Elena Maria Scalisi and Gianfranco
                 Cavallaro and Carmela Bonaccorso and Cosimo Gianluca
                 Fortuna and Antonio Salvaggio and Fabiano Capparrucci
                 and Teresa Bottari and Maria Violetta Brundo",
  title =        "Uptake Routes and Biodistribution of Polystyrene
                 Nanoplastics on Zebrafish Larvae and Toxic Effects on
                 Development",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "168",
  day =          "20",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030168",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/168",
  abstract =     "Polystyrene (PS) is the most widely used plastic
                 polymer. It is mainly used to produce disposable
                 products. Due to its resistance to degradation, PS can
                 remain in the environment for a long time. Its
                 mechanical, physical and biological actions determine
                 the release of smaller fragments, which are able to
                 penetrate organisms and accumulate in target organs.
                 Fertilized Danio rerio eggs were exposed to
                 concentrations of 10 and 20 mg/L of fluorescent,
                 amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics (nPS-NH 2) with
                 diameters of 100 and 50 nm for 96h, according to OECD
                 guidelines (2013). Uptake, biodistribution, toxicity,
                 oxidative stress and apoptosis were evaluated;
                 moreover, we carried out a simulation to study the
                 interactions between nPS-NH 2 and defined regions of
                 three receptors: STRA6, Adgrg6 and CNTN4/APLP2. We
                 demonstrated that after being internalized, nPS-NH 2
                 could reach the head and bioaccumulate, especially in
                 the eyes. Moreover, they could lead to oxidative stress
                 and apoptosis in the several regions where they
                 bioaccumulated due to their interaction with receptors.
                 This study confirmed the danger of nanoplastic wastes
                 released in the environment.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2023:NCI,
  author =       "Yanghui Chen and Yuan Li and Dongneng Jiang and Defeng
                 Zhang and Yu Huang and Jia Cai and Jichang Jian and Bei
                 Wang",
  title =        "A New Conditionally Immortalized \geoname{Nile}
                 Tilapia (\bioname{Oreochromis niloticus}) Heart Cell
                 Line: Establishment and Functional Characterization as
                 a Promising Tool for Tilapia Myocarditis Studies",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "167",
  day =          "18",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030167",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/167",
  abstract =     "A new cell line named the tilapia heart cell line
                 (TAH-11) was established from the heart of tilapia
                 (Oreochromis niloticus) by enzymatic digestion and
                 mechanical separation. The TAH-11 cell line has been
                 stably subcultured for over 80 generations and
                 resuscitated after being frozen in liquid nitrogen for
                 six months, with exuberant cell growth. The optimal
                 culture condition of TAH-11 is L-15 medium supplemented
                 with 10\% fetal bovine serum at 25 {$^\circ $}C.
                 Sequencing of the mitochondrial 18S rRNAs confirmed
                 that TAH-11 cells were derived from the tilapia. TAH-11
                 was also identified as a myocardial cell line based on
                 the mRNA expression of the troponin I, {\alpha}-actin
                 and myoglobin genes. Simultaneously, TAH-11 could be
                 successfully transfected with the GFP reporter gene,
                 suggesting that the TAH-11 cell line could be used for
                 exogenous gene expression in vitro. The TAH-11 cells
                 showed susceptibility to CGSIV, which was demonstrated
                 by the presence of a severe cytopathic effect,
                 suggesting that the TAH-11 cell line is an ideal tool
                 for studying host--virus interaction and potential
                 vaccines. In addition, the expression of inflammatory
                 factors in TAH-11 cells can be remarkably induced
                 following Streptococcus agalactiae or Streptococcus
                 iniae. The present data lays a foundation to further
                 explore the mechanism of how Streptococcus spp. causes
                 tilapia myocarditis.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Rosati:2023:SEH,
  author =       "Luigi Rosati and Ivana Caputo and Lill{\`a} Lionetti
                 and Mayana Karoline Fontes and Camilo Dias Seabra
                 Pereira and Anna Capaldo",
  title =        "Side Effects of Human Drug Use: an Overview of the
                 Consequences of Eels' Exposure to Cocaine",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "166",
  day =          "17",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030166",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/166",
  abstract =     "The widespread use of drugs is a global problem which
                 affects not only humans but also the environment around
                 them, as research is showing the presence of these
                 substances in different environmental matrices, like
                 air, water, and soil. Above all, due to the remarkable
                 pharmacological properties of drugs, it is discovered
                 that organisms accidentally exposed to them, as aquatic
                 organisms, undergo behavioral and physiological changes
                 that can compromise their health, survival, and
                 reproduction ability. In addition to this, we must
                 consider the ability of some drugs to accumulate within
                 these organisms, thus entering the food chain, and the
                 possible interactions that drugs in water can establish
                 with each other and with other possible pollutants,
                 making the final effects on exposed organisms
                 unpredictable. This article is an overview of the
                 effects of one of these drugs, cocaine, one of the
                 drugs commonly found in the aquatic environment, on
                 European eel, an endangered species and known
                 biomonitor of aquatic contamination.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lee:2023:CMGa,
  author =       "Yong-Suk Lee and Maheshkumar Prakash Patil and Jong-Oh
                 Kim and Yu-Jin Lee and Yong Bae Seo and Jin-Koo Kim and
                 Kiran R. Mahale and Gun-Do Kim",
  title =        "Complete Mitochondrial Genome and Phylogenetic
                 Position of \bioname{Chirolophis wui} ({Perciformes:
                 Stichaeidae})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "165",
  day =          "16",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030165",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/165",
  abstract =     "The complete mitochondrial genome of Chirolophis wui
                 (Wang and Wang, 1935) was sequenced using the Illumina
                 platform. The genome sequence is 16,522 bp in length
                 with 54\% A+T content and contains 13 protein coding
                 genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2
                 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and 1 control region
                 (D-loop). The H-strand contains 28 genes (12 PCGs, 14
                 tRNAs, and 2 rRNAs), whereas the L-strand accommodates
                 9 genes (ND6 and 8 tRNAs). The nucleotide composition
                 of the mitochondrial genome of C. wui is AT-biased,
                 accounting for 54.0\%, with an AT skew value of
                 {-0}.0556 and a GC skew value of {-0}.2043. The
                 majority of PCGs utilized the start codon, ATG, while
                 only one gene, COI, utilized the alternative start
                 codon, GTG. Of the 13 PCGs, 6 genes used the
                 termination codon (TAA or TGA), whereas 7 genes used
                 the incomplete termination codon (T or TA). Among the
                 22 tRNA genes, the tRNA-Leu and tRNA-Ser were found in
                 duplicates. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using
                 10 complete mitochondrial genome sequences and
                 indicated that C. wui has a very close relationship
                 with C. japonicus and other species in the family
                 Stichaeidae, with a high supporting bootstrap value.
                 This study can provide valuable information for future
                 evolutionary studies on C. wui and Stichaeidae.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Adhikari:2023:PEV,
  author =       "Dhurba Adhikari and Ida K. Hanssen and Steinar D.
                 Johansen and Truls B. Moum and Jarle T. Nordeide",
  title =        "{Pitx 1} Enhancer Variants in Spined and Spine-Reduced
                 \geoname{Subarctic European} Sticklebacks",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "164",
  day =          "15",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030164",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/164",
  abstract =     "Loss of body armour, sometimes including a reduction
                 in or loss of pelvic spines, is an adaptation observed
                 in many isolated freshwater populations. Pelvic
                 reduction in sticklebacks has previously been
                 associated with recurrent, but variant, deletions
                 within pelvic enhancer regions Pel A and Pel B, which
                 regulate expression of the homeodomain transcription
                 factor gene Pitx 1. We investigated variation in
                 nucleotide sequences of pelvic enhancers in
                 sticklebacks collected from two small freshwater lakes
                 in the same watercourse and a nearby marine site in
                 subarctic Norway. Spineless, as well as asymmetrically
                 spined and completely spined sticklebacks are present
                 in the upper lake, while only specimens with complete
                 spines are found at the other lake and the marine site.
                 Observed variation at Pel A between the three sites was
                 mainly due to variable numbers of repeats at three
                 fragile TG-repeat loci. The length of Pel A, mainly at
                 one of the TG-repeat loci, was consistently shorter
                 among individuals in the upper lake compared with
                 specimens from the two other sites. However, no obvious
                 association was revealed between enhancer variants and
                 pelvic status. No polymorphism was found at Pel B.
                 Thus, additional genetic factors and/or environmental
                 cues need to be identified to fully explain the
                 occurrence of pelvic reduction in sticklebacks in this
                 lake.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Carvalho:2023:ITS,
  author =       "Andrezza Carvalho and L{\'e}a Carolina de Oliveira
                 Costa and Mariana Holanda and Lu{\'\i}s H. Poersch and
                 Gamze Turan",
  title =        "Influence of Total Suspended Solids on the Growth of
                 the Sea Lettuce \bioname{Ulva lactuca} Integrated with
                 the {Pacific} White Shrimp \bioname{Litopenaeus
                 vannamei} in a Biofloc System",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "163",
  day =          "15",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030163",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/163",
  abstract =     "A biofloc system is rich in nutrients, which favors
                 the cultivation of macroalgae, but the influence of the
                 system on the performance of macroalgae is unknown. The
                 objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility
                 of introducing the macroalgae Ulva lactuca into the
                 culture of Litopenaeus vannamei in a biofloc system.
                 The first experiment evaluated the influence of 400 mg
                 L {-1} and 30 mg L {-1} solids concentration of the
                 system in biofloc and von Stosch culture medium on
                 macroalgae growth. In the second experiment, the
                 densities of 1, 2, and 3 g L {-1} of U. lactuca were
                 cultivated in an integrated system with shrimp and
                 monoculture treatment. Both experiments had 35 days of
                 cultivation. There was no significant difference in
                 macroalgae growth between the treatments with biofloc
                 and von Stosch culture medium. In the integrated
                 culture, the density of 1 g L {-1} showed better
                 nutrient absorption. Shrimp performance was not
                 affected by macroalgae cultivation. In conclusion, the
                 solids did not affect the growth of the macroalgae, and
                 it could be cultivated in a biofloc system for nitrate
                 uptake in integrated culture with shrimp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fuentes:2023:PGC,
  author =       "Sandra Ferrada Fuentes and Ricardo Galleguillos and
                 Victoria Herrera-Y{\'a}{\~n}ez and Cristian B.
                 Canales-Aguirre",
  title =        "Population Genetics of \geoname{Chilean} Jack
                 Mackerel, \bioname{Trachurus murphyi} {Nichols}, 1920,
                 ({Pisces, Carangidae}), in Waters of the \geoname{South
                 Pacific Ocean}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "162",
  day =          "13",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030162",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/162",
  abstract =     "Estimating genetic diversity and population structure
                 with polymorphic markers might provide information for
                 the better management of fish that have economic
                 importance. We used the Chilean jack mackerel,
                 Trachurus murphyi, a pelagic species distributed in the
                 south Pacific Ocean, to test the population genetic
                 structure across its distribution. A total of 522
                 samples were collected from 11 locations in 2008, to be
                 analyzed using six loci microsatellites. We conducted
                 traditional genetic analyses to describe the genetic
                 diversity of T. murphyi and whether it shows spatial
                 genetic structure. The results showed a high genetic
                 diversity across locations (Ho = 0.551 to 0.980; He =
                 0.676 to 0.959). Estimates for the population structure
                 showed a low and non-significant pairwise F ST in all
                 comparisons. We supported the non-genetic
                 differentiation previously reported with the used
                 microsatellite panel. Further comparative temporal
                 studies should be conducted to identify the stability
                 of this pattern. Overall, this study reinforces the
                 hypothesis that, in the Pacific Ocean, Chilean jack
                 mackerel correspond to a large single population.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kim:2023:CSA,
  author =       "Hansoo Kim and Sungho Cho and Jee Woong Choi and
                 Donhyug Kang",
  title =        "Characteristics of Sound Attenuation by Individual and
                 Multiple Fishes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "161",
  day =          "13",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030161",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/161",
  abstract =     "Fish biomass and stock assessment are estimated from
                 acoustic volume backscattering strengths (Sv) obtained
                 from various hydroacoustic equipment. Although sound
                 attenuation due to fish schools and water influences
                 the Sv value, only attenuation from water is considered
                 during the acoustic data process. For these reasons, it
                 is necessary to understand the characteristics of sound
                 attenuation by fish. Unfortunately, little is known
                 about sound attenuation from fish. In the present
                 study, the attenuation from one to four fish specimens
                 was precisely measured during ex situ experiments in a
                 water tank. The scientific echo sounder of a split-beam
                 200 kHz transducer and a miniature hydrophone were used
                 for the attenuation measurements. Results show that the
                 maximum attenuation coefficient ({\alpha}) was
                 approximately 25 dB/cm when the 4 multiple fishes had
                 high fish heights. The relationship between the
                 attenuation coefficient ({\alpha}200kHz) and the total
                 fish height (Htotal) was approximately
                 {\alpha}200kHz=0.54{\ast}Htotal {\pm}$ \approx $0.06
                 (r2=0.72). This work describes the sound attenuation
                 characteristics to provide basic information for the
                 compensation of Sv from fish schools or layers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Santander-Neto:2023:AGT,
  author =       "Jones Santander-Neto and Francisco Marcante Santana
                 and Jonas Eloi Vasconcelos-Filho and Ros{\^a}ngela
                 Lessa",
  title =        "Age and Growth of the Threatened Smalleye Round Ray,
                 \bioname{Urotrygon microphthalmum}, {Delsman}, 1941,
                 from \geoname{Northeastern Brazil}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "160",
  day =          "12",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030160",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/160",
  abstract =     "The age and growth of Urotrygon microphthalmum were
                 studied using specimens captured between March 2010 and
                 March 2012 as by-catch in the shrimp trawl fishery off
                 the coast of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. A total
                 of 347 vertebrae were read, 161 from males
                 (81.6--249.55 mm) and 186 from females (86.15--298.1
                 mm). The estimated average percentage index (IAPE)
                 ranged from 0.71\% to 4.33\% (mean = 2.5\%) in
                 vertebrae from specimens with 1 and 6 band pairs,
                 respectively. In the present study, the different
                 approaches to validation produced variable results
                 (partially valid growth zones). We then decided to
                 discuss the growth of the species considering the
                 formation of an annual ring. There were statistically
                 significant differences in growth between the sexes.
                 The best model to describe male growth was the von
                 Bertalanffy growth model for two phases (VBGM TP) with
                 growth parameters L {\infty} (maximum theoretical
                 length) = 230.35 mm, k (growth constant) = 1.00, t 0
                 (theoretical age of size zero) = {-0}.76 years and for
                 females it was the von Bertalanffy with birth size
                 (VBGM L 0) model with parameters L {\infty} = 282.55
                 mm, k = 0.37. The age of maturity for males and females
                 was 1.52 and 2.02 years, respectively, and the maximum
                 age observed was 5.5 and 8.5 years, respectively.
                 Despite being a fast-growing species, Urotrygon
                 microphthalmum is threatened, probably due to the high
                 mortality levels from shrimp trawling in a very narrow
                 range of the shelf where all the life stages are
                 captured.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Smith:2023:ALL,
  author =       "Cheyenne R. Smith and Christopher A. Ottinger and
                 Heather L. Walsh and Patricia M. Mazik and Vicki S.
                 Blazer",
  title =        "Application of a Lipopolysaccharide ({LPS})-Stimulated
                 Mitogenesis Assay in Smallmouth Bass
                 (\bioname{Micropterus dolomieu}) to Augment Wild Fish
                 Health Studies",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "159",
  day =          "10",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030159",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/159",
  abstract =     "The utility of a functional immune assay for
                 smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) lymphocyte
                 mitogenesis was evaluated. Wild populations in the
                 Potomac River have faced disease and mortality with
                 immunosuppression from exposure to chemical
                 contaminants a suspected component. However, a
                 validated set of immune parameters to screen for
                 immunosuppression in wild fish populations is not
                 available. Prior to use in ecotoxicology studies,
                 ancillary factors influencing the mitogenic response
                 need to be understood. The assay was field-tested with
                 fish collected from three sites in West Virginia as
                 part of health assessments occurring in spring
                 (pre-spawn; April--May) and fall (recrudescence;
                 October--November). Anterior kidney leukocytes were
                 exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E.coli O111:B4
                 or mitogen-free media and proliferation was measured
                 using imaging flow cytometry with advanced machine
                 learning to distinguish lymphocytes. An anti-smallmouth
                 bass IgM monoclonal antibody was used to identify IgM+
                 lymphocytes. Lymphocyte mitogenesis, or proliferative
                 responses, varied by site and season and positively and
                 negatively correlated with factors such as sex, age,
                 tissue parasites, and macrophage aggregates. Background
                 proliferation of {IgM-} lymphocytes was negatively
                 correlated to LPS-induced proliferation in both seasons
                 at all sites, but only in spring for IgM+ lymphocytes.
                 The results demonstrate that many factors, in addition
                 to chemical contaminants, may influence lymphocyte
                 proliferation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nambi:2023:ILC,
  author =       "Rebecca Walugembe Nambi and Abebe Getahun and Fredrick
                 Jones Muyodi and Edward Rukuunya",
  title =        "Impacts of Land Cover Changes on Catches of
                 \geoname{Nile} Perch and \geoname{Nile} Tilapia on
                 \geoname{Lake Kyoga, Uganda}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "158",
  day =          "10",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030158",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/158",
  abstract =     "In East Africa, Nile perch and Nile tilapia are major
                 commercial fish species, providing reliable protein and
                 income sources. However, their stocks are dwindling on
                 Lake Kyoga due to land use and land cover (LULC)
                 changes within the surrounding catchment. Thus, this
                 paper aims at assessing the land use land cover on Lake
                 Kyoga and its immediate catchment and how those changes
                 affect the water quality and the local fish catches.
                 The Iso-Cluster tool in ArcGIS was used to analyze
                 Landsat images from the years 1989 to 2021 to obtain
                 LULC information. The LULC classes were classified into
                 water, wetland, agricultural land, rangeland, and
                 settlements. Correction using a 2-tailed test of the
                 water quality parameters with the LULC classes
                 indicated a strong positive correlation of TN with
                 water (0.71), a strong negative correlation of TP with
                 rangelands ({-0}.83), and a strong positive correlation
                 of Chl- a with settlement (0.98) at a 0.05 confidence
                 level. The correlation of the recorded fish catch data
                 with fishing gear showed a strong negative correlation
                 with cast and monofilament nets. Continued use of
                 illegal fishing gear was ranked number 1 of the causes
                 of LULC by the stakeholders. Thus, the fisheries
                 managers should collaborate with local stakeholders to
                 boost declining fish catches for improved livelihoods
                 and sustainable management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{daSilveira:2023:IAM,
  author =       "Estevan Luiz da Silveira and Nabil Semmar and Eduardo
                 Luis Cupertino Ballester and Andr{\'e} Martins
                 Vaz-dos-Santos",
  title =        "Integrative Analysis to Manage Aquatic Resources Based
                 on Fish Feeding Patterns in Neotropical Rivers",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "157",
  day =          "06",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030157",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/157",
  abstract =     "Feeding ecology is an integrative procedure to
                 highlight different diets, associating feeding trends
                 with governing and regulation factors characterizing
                 foraging species and their environments, respectively.
                 The diet variability of seven fish species forming a
                 community in a Neotropical riverine system was analyzed
                 to characterize the resource and consumer linkages,
                 providing a detailed assessment of adaptive feeding
                 behaviors of fishes living in different ecological
                 states transiting from natural/resilient spaces to
                 anthropic pressions-linked disturbed ones. Fishes were
                 sampled along four sites during a year, and their
                 stomach contents were analyzed. Feeding data were
                 analyzed by applying quali- and quantitative methods
                 with multi-levels and multifactor aspects to determine
                 target food categories (percentage of occurrence) and
                 identify feeding patterns (correspondence and cluster
                 analyses, CA-HCA). Factors and scales governing target
                 food categories were also tested. A total of 483
                 stomachs were dissected, and 30 food categories were
                 identified. CA-HCA highlighted 10 feeding trends (FTs)
                 combining several foods co-occurring at distinct
                 levels. These FTs indicated characteristic diets and
                 high diversity of feeding behaviors concerning multiple
                 and narrow diets, different alimentary needs related to
                 ecomorphological features, different plasticity ranges
                 (adaptability, tolerance) and a spatial governing
                 effect (headwater to river mouth environmental quality
                 loss). These multiple factors provided essential
                 information on overcoming ways of environmental
                 constraints and optimization ways of food balances
                 helping to better manage the richness and working of
                 neotropical river systems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Velazquez-Landa:2023:ZSB,
  author =       "Xiomara Vel{\'a}zquez-Landa and Porfirio Carrillo and
                 Genaro A. Coria-Avila and Deissy Herrera-Covarrubias
                 and Luis I. Garc{\'\i}a and Mar{\'\i}a Rebeca
                 Toledo-C{\'a}rdenas and Mar{\'\i}a Elena
                 Hern{\'a}ndez-Aguilar and Jorge Manzo",
  title =        "Zebrafish Sexual Behavior in Plain and Enriched
                 Environments: Parameters in the Valproate Model of
                 Autism",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "156",
  day =          "05",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030156",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/156",
  abstract =     "Autism is a complex alteration in children's
                 developing nervous system that manifests in behavioral
                 patterns that do not match those of typical subjects.
                 Moreover, starting at puberty, these children may
                 encounter problems regarding social interaction related
                 to sexual encounters. As studies are scarce, we used
                 the valproate model of autism in the zebrafish to
                 contribute to the knowledge related to sexual behavior
                 in this disorder. Young zebrafish were reproduced,
                 embryos collected, and organized in groups of control
                 or treated with valproic acid, as the autism model.
                 Sexual behavior was recorded in fish from these embryos
                 as they became sexually active. The results show that
                 the zebrafish's sexual behavior is organized into
                 appetitive, preconsummatory, and consummatory
                 behaviors, as in other vertebrates. In the autism
                 model, the patterns of sexual behavior are present but
                 with significant modifications. The behavior of males
                 was the most affected, while in females, the most
                 affected parameter was oviposition. These results show
                 that, in the autism model of zebrafish, sexual behavior
                 is not suppressed, but it seems that critical changes
                 occur in the neuroendocrine system that reduces
                 reproductive success. Furthermore, the enriched
                 environment was beneficial in maintaining the
                 consummatory behaviors of females and males with
                 autism-like behaviors.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Curiel-Bernal:2023:MEG,
  author =       "Marcelo V. Curiel-Bernal and Miguel {\'A}.
                 Cisneros-Mata and Guillermo
                 Rodr{\'\i}guez-Dom{\'\i}nguez and Laura
                 S{\'a}nchez-Velasco and S. Patricia A.
                 Jim{\'e}nez-Rosenberg and Alejandro Par{\'e}s-Sierra
                 and E. Alberto Arag{\'o}n-Noriega",
  title =        "Modelling Early Growth of \bioname{Totoaba macdonaldi}
                 ({Teleostei: Sciaenidae}) under Laboratory Conditions",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "155",
  day =          "04",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030155",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/155",
  abstract =     "The totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi) is a sciaenid
                 (croaker) fish endemic to the Gulf of California with
                 high commercial importance. Because it was considered
                 at risk of extinction (since 2021 it was reclassified
                 as vulnerable by the IUCN), and aquaculture procedures
                 were developed for restocking and commercial purposes.
                 The present study was conducted with the hypothesis
                 that the early stages of totoaba present depensatory
                 individual growth and an observed variance-at-age
                 modelling approach is the best way to parametrize
                 growth. Ten models were tested including asymptotic,
                 non-asymptotic, exponential-like, and power-like curves
                 including a new one that represents a modification of
                 Schnute's model. The model that best described the
                 growth trajectory of larval and early juveniles of T.
                 macdonaldi in a controlled environment is a sigmoid
                 curve with two inflexions, related to changes in the
                 feeding regime.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jayasinghe:2023:DMC,
  author =       "G. D. T. M. Jayasinghe and Joanna Szpunar and Ryszard
                 Lobinski and E. M. R. K. B. Edirisinghe",
  title =        "Determination of Multi-Class Antibiotics Residues in
                 Farmed Fish and Shrimp from \geoname{Sri Lanka} by
                 Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass
                 Spectrometry ({UPLC-MS\slash MS})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "154",
  day =          "04",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030154",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/154",
  abstract =     "Antibiotics have been used to control the aquatic
                 environment in both therapeutic and prophylactic ways.
                 Antibiotics are particularly difficult to extract due
                 to their strong interactions with biological matrices.
                 In this study, UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and
                 validated for quantitative confirmatory analysis of
                 multi-class antibiotics residues in fish and shrimp.
                 Fourteen antibiotics belonging to sulphonamides,
                 {\beta}-lactams, quinolones, sulfones and macrolides
                 were determined within one chromatographic run. The
                 samples were suspended in 0.1 M HCl, and the analytes
                 were extracted into ethyl acetate. The extracts were
                 defatted with cyclohexane. The limits of quantification
                 (LOQ) ranged from 0.24 to 1.32 {\SGMLmicro}g kg {-1}
                 for fish and 0.42--1.62 {\SGMLmicro}g kg {-1} for
                 shrimp samples. The recoveries ranged from 75 to 105\%.
                 The method was applied to the analysis of farmed
                 freshwater Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) and
                 shrimp (Penaeus monodon) collected in Sri Lanka.
                 Sulfacetamide (4.31 {\pm} 0.70 {\SGMLmicro}g kg {-1})
                 and sulfamethoxypyridazine (0.75 {\pm} 0.15
                 {\SGMLmicro}g kg {-1}) were detected in the fish, and
                 sulfapyridine (0.21--0.56 {\SGMLmicro}g kg {-1}) and
                 sulfadoxine (0.35--1.44 {\SGMLmicro}g kg {-1}) were
                 detected in the shrimp samples. The concentrations
                 complied with the EU regulation limits for veterinary
                 drug residues in seafood and did not pose a risk in
                 terms of food safety.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nastac:2023:PEK,
  author =       "Lacr{\u{a}}mioara (Gr{\u{a}}dinariu) N{\u{a}}stac and
                 Lorena Dediu and Mirela Cre{\c{t}}u and Cristian
                 R{\^\i}mniceanu and Angelica Docan and Iulia Grecu and
                 Floricel Maricel Dima and Maria Desimira Stroe and
                 Camelia Vizireanu",
  title =        "The Protective Effects of Korill Product on Carp
                 Fingerlings Reared in High Densities and Challenged
                 with Albendazole Treatment",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "153",
  day =          "04",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030153",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/153",
  abstract =     "The objectives of the present study were to evaluate
                 the potential of the Korill (KO), a product based on
                 krill oil, supplemented in fish feed (5 g/kg feed) to
                 alleviate density-induced stress in carp fingerlings,
                 and its protective capacity in case of anthelmintic
                 drug administration (ABZ---albendazole). Thus, the fish
                 were divided into four groups: LD (low density with
                 normal feed), LD-KO (low density with KO
                 supplementation feed), HD (high density with normal
                 feed), and HD-KO (high density with KO supplementation
                 feed). During the first trial, the fish held under
                 different densities were fed normal feed and KO feed
                 for two months, following a 2 $ \times $ 2 factorial
                 experimental design. In the second trial, seven fish
                 per tank were subjected, for one week, to albendazole
                 treatment (administered daily by an oral dose of 5
                 mg/kg body weight). For both trials, blood and plasma
                 samples were used to quantify hematological and
                 biochemical parameters. The results showed that the KO
                 diet alleviated the negative impact of ABZ treatment on
                 liver function and the metabolic profile of carp
                 fingerlings reared in high densities. In addition, KO
                 feeding improved lysozyme activity (LZM) and therefore
                 the immune status of the fish, and reduced oxidative
                 damage in the liver, demonstrated by a decrease of
                 malondialdehyde (MDA) content and an increase of total
                 antioxidant capacity (TAC).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Leng:2023:SUA,
  author =       "Xiaoqian Leng and Hao Du and Wei Xiong and Peilin
                 Cheng and Jiang Luo and Jinming Wu",
  title =        "Successful Ultrasonography-Assisted Artificial
                 Reproduction of Critically Endangered \geoname{Sichuan}
                 taimen (\bioname{Hucho bleekeri})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "152",
  day =          "03",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030152",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/152",
  abstract =     "Sichuan taimen (Hucho bleekeri), a critically
                 endangered species, is listed as a first-class
                 protected species in China. The natural population has
                 been missing from most of its known distribution areas
                 for many years but was rediscovered in the Taibai River
                 in 2012, providing an important resource for the
                 conservation stocking of the Sichuan taimen. In this
                 study, 43 wild adult Sichuan taimen collected from the
                 Taibai River were determined for gamete maturity for
                 artificial reproduction using ultrasonography. The
                 echogenicity of the gonads before and after hormonal
                 induction was described to determine broodstock
                 identification, injection dose of hormones, and
                 spawning time. Four batches of artificial breeding were
                 successfully achieved in 2013, 2014, and 2016.
                 Broodstock (19 females and 16 males) spawned with
                 average fertilization and hatching rates reaching
                 80.2\% and 61.0\%, respectively. This study
                 demonstrates that ultrasonic imaging is a convenient
                 and efficient method to track the state of gonads of
                 mature Sichuan taimen during artificial reproduction,
                 which will assist in broodstock cultivation, and
                 further large-scale proliferation and effective
                 resource restoration of the Sichuan taimen.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Engle:2023:RCB,
  author =       "Carole R. Engle and Jonathan van Senten and Charles
                 Clark and Noah Boldt",
  title =        "Has the Regulatory Compliance Burden Reduced
                 Competitiveness of the \geoname{U.S.} Tilapia
                 Industry?",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "151",
  day =          "02",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030151",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/151",
  abstract =     "Emerging research on aquaculture governance has
                 pointed to the conundrum of negative global
                 environmental effects from economic incentives for
                 aquaculture production to shift from more highly
                 regulated to less regulated countries. This study has
                 focused on examining whether regulatory costs on U.S.
                 tilapia farms may have contributed to their contraction
                 in contrast to the growth of global tilapia production
                 that contributes to the volume of seafood imports into
                 the U.S. A national survey (coverage rate = 75\% of
                 tilapia sold; response rate = 18\%) found that on-farm
                 regulatory costs accounted for 15\% of total production
                 costs on U.S. tilapia farms, the fifth-highest cost of
                 production. The total direct regulatory costs
                 nationally were \$4.4 million, averaging
                 \$137,611/farm. Most problematic were regulations of
                 effluent discharge, predatory bird control,
                 international export, and water and energy policies.
                 Manpower costs for monitoring and reporting were the
                 greatest cost of regulatory compliance. The lost sales
                 revenue resulting from regulations was \$32 million a
                 year, or 82\% of total annual sales, indicating that
                 the regulatory framework has constrained the growth of
                 U.S. tilapia farming. The smallest tilapia farms had
                 the greatest regulatory cost per kg. This study
                 provides evidence that regulatory costs, along with
                 other challenges related to live fish markets, have
                 contributed to the decline in U.S. tilapia production.
                 Increased competitiveness of the U.S. tilapia industry
                 will require a combination of: (1) improved regulatory
                 efficiency that reduces on-farm cost burdens without
                 reducing societal benefits; (2) research and on-farm
                 extension assistance to evaluate new tilapia fillet
                 equipment; and (3) research on changing consumer
                 preferences to provide guidance on effective strategies
                 to penetrate the large U.S. fillet market.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lee:2023:CMGb,
  author =       "Yong-Suk Lee and Maheshkumar Prakash Patil and Jong-Oh
                 Kim and Yu-Jin Lee and Yong Bae Seo and Jin-Koo Kim and
                 Rahul K. Suryawanshi and Gun-Do Kim",
  title =        "The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Fivespot
                 Flounder, \bioname{Pseudorhombus pentophthalmus}
                 ({Pleuronectiformes: Paralichthyidae}), from
                 \geoname{Korea} and Its Phylogenetic Analysis",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "150",
  day =          "02",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030150",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/150",
  abstract =     "The mitogenome is an important tool for researching
                 the evolution of metazoan animals. However, until now,
                 only few mitochondrial genes of Pseudorhombus
                 pentophthalmus have been reported. Here, we report the
                 complete mitogenome of P. pentophthalmus, assembled
                 using the Illumina platform. The circular mitogenome of
                 P. pentophthalmus is 16,684 bp in length, has a bias
                 A+T content of 52.78\%, encodes 37 genes (13
                 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes), and
                 has a control region. The overall nucleotide
                 composition was A: 26.56\%, T: 26.22\%, G: 17.97\%, and
                 C: 29.25\%. The phylogenetic tree based on the complete
                 mitogenome P. pentophthalmus was shown to be
                 monophyletic with the other Pseudorhombus species and
                 was shown to be on the same branch as P.
                 dupliciocellatus. This research might be useful for
                 future studies on population genetics and evolution
                 analysis.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Becker:2023:EHB,
  author =       "Alessandra Jana{\'\i}na Becker and Sandro Santos and
                 Berta Maria Heinzmann and Braulio Otomar Caron and
                 Bernardo Baldisserotto",
  title =        "Exposure of \bioname{Hyalella bonariensis}
                 ({Crustacea, Amphipoda}) to Essential Oils: Effects on
                 Anesthesia and Swimming Activity",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "149",
  day =          "02",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030149",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/149",
  abstract =     "Amphipods are frequently used as bioindicators of
                 water quality in experimental or behavior trials. Thus,
                 it is a group considered suitable for use as a model
                 organism in tests with essential oils (EOs). This study
                 evaluated the time required for anesthesia induction
                 and recovery of the amphipod crustacean H. bonariensis
                 exposed to the essential oils of Aloysia triphylla
                 (EOAT) and Lippia alba (EOLA), and their major
                 compounds citral and linalool, respectively. In
                 addition, we evaluated the locomotor activity of
                 amphipods using ANY-maze {\reg} software. Mortalities
                 were observed at concentrations of 100 and 200
                 {\SGMLmicro}L/L of citral (50.0 {\pm} 0.39\%) and 750
                 {\SGMLmicro}L/L of EOLA (66.7 {\pm} 0.33\%). Except for
                 linalool, increased concentrations of the compounds of
                 the essential oils decreased the time for sedation and
                 anesthesia induction. There were differences for the
                 induction of anesthesia (p {$<$} 0.05) and recovery (p
                 {$<$} 0.05) between EOLA and linalool treatments, but
                 not between that for EOAT and citral. Reduced locomotor
                 activity and longer time and episodes of freezing were
                 observed in animals exposed to EOAT. The EOs and their
                 major compounds induced anesthesia and affected the
                 locomotor activity of H. bonariensis, Therefore, EOAT
                 and linalool are recommended for anesthesia of this
                 species. EOAT can also be utilized in long-term
                 exposure.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shakweer:2023:CIR,
  author =       "Medhat S. Shakweer and Gehad E. Elshopakey and
                 Abdelwahab A. Abdelwarith and Elsayed M. Younis and
                 Simon John Davies and Samia Elbahnaswy",
  title =        "Comparison of Immune Response of \bioname{Litopenaeus
                 vannamei} Shrimp Naturally Infected with
                 \bioname{Vibrio} Species, and after Being Fed with
                 Florfenicol",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "148",
  day =          "02",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030148",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/148",
  abstract =     "The outbreaks caused by Vibrio spp. are a notable
                 threat to the potential growth of the economy of
                 penaeid culture, which is still controlled by the
                 administration of antibiotics. At first, the infected
                 group was subjected to phenotypic bacteriological
                 examination with subsequent molecular identification
                 via 16S rRNA gene sequencing, which confirmed four
                 strains of Vibrio spp., V. atlanticus, V. natriegens,
                 V. alginolyticus, and V. harveyi, from
                 moribund-infected shrimp during mortality events in an
                 Egyptian hatchery. To better understand the defense
                 mechanism of the most effective antibiotic against
                 Vibrio strains, the immune responses were compared and
                 evaluated in infected Litopenaeus vannamei broodstock
                 after being fed 5 mg kg {-1} of florfenicol antibiotic,
                 which was first determined through in vitro antibiogram
                 tests. Therefore, our study aimed to determine the
                 immune response of L. vannamei during Vibrio spp.
                 infection in Egyptian hatcheries and after antibiotic
                 medication. The parameters assessed were the total and
                 differential hemocyte count (THC), granular cells (GC),
                 semi-granular cells (SGC), and hyaline cells (HC). As
                 well as the metabolic and immune enzymes: alanine
                 aminotransferases (ALT), aspartate aminotransferases
                 (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase
                 (ACP), and lysozyme activity; an antioxidant index,
                 such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione
                 (GSH); a phagocytic assay; changes in reactive oxygen
                 species (ROS); and bactericidal activity in the
                 hemolymph of the control, infected, and treated groups.
                 Further evaluation of the mRNA expression levels of the
                 prophenoloxidase (LvproPO), toll-like receptor 1
                 (LvToll1), and haemocyanin (LvHc) genes were performed
                 in the hepatopancreas of the same groups. A significant
                 drop in the THC, GC, SGC, and HC counts, as well as
                 lysozyme and bactericidal activities, phagocytic assay,
                 ROS, SOD, and GSH index, were represented in infected
                 shrimp compared to control shrimp; however, a marked
                 increase in the activity of ALT, AST, ALP, and ACP was
                 observed. These activities were significantly restored
                 in the treated shrimp compared to the infected shrimp.
                 Nevertheless, no significant changes were noted in the
                 transcriptional levels of the LvproPO and LvToll1 genes
                 in the treated shrimp when compared to the infected
                 shrimp; however, a significant suppression of the LvHc
                 gene was noted. Our study aimed to determine the immune
                 response of L. vannamei during Vibrio spp. infection in
                 Egyptian hatcheries and after antibiotic medication. We
                 concluded that florfenicol in medicated feed could be
                 effective in controlling vibriosis and ameliorating the
                 immune response of shrimp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Suma:2023:BEG,
  author =       "Afrina Yeasmin Suma and Shishir Kumar Nandi and
                 Zulhisyam Abdul Kari and Khang Wen Goh and Lee Seong
                 Wei and Albaris B. Tahiluddin and Paul Seguin and
                 Mikael Herault and Abdullah {Al Mamun} and Guillermo
                 T{\'e}llez-Isa{\'\i}as and Muhammad Anamul Kabir",
  title =        "Beneficial Effects of Graded Levels of Fish Protein
                 Hydrolysate ({FPH}) on the Growth Performance, Blood
                 Biochemistry, Liver and Intestinal Health, Economics
                 Efficiency, and Disease Resistance to
                 \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila} of {Pabda}
                 (\bioname{Ompok pabda}) Fingerling",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "147",
  day =          "02",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030147",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/147",
  abstract =     "Fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) is the enzymatic
                 hydrolysis of protein into smaller peptide and free
                 amino acids, which has recently captured considerable
                 attention as a supplementary ingredient in the
                 aqua-feed industry sector. The present research aimed
                 to observe the physiological, biochemical, and
                 bacteriological study of FPH-treated diets and its
                 effects on growth, hematology, plasma biochemistry,
                 liver and gut histopathology, and resistance to
                 Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Pabda (Ompok pabda).
                 Four experimental diets (35\% crude protein) were
                 formulated with graded FPH supplementation (0, 0.5, 1,
                 and 2\%). The feed physiological parameters such as
                 expansion ratio, bulk density, water stability, and
                 floatability were not significantly affected by dietary
                 FPH levels (p {$>$} 0.05), except for the pellet
                 durability index (PDI). Furthermore, the diets with 1\%
                 and 2\% FPH were more palatable to fish than other
                 treatment diets. The total bacteria (TB) in fish diets
                 and guts followed an increasing trend with the increase
                 in various levels of FPH in diets. The significantly
                 highest body weight, specific growth rate (SGR), total
                 biomass (TB), survival rate (SR), condition factor
                 (CF), and hepatosomatic index (HSI) were noted in 2\%
                 FPH-fed fish when compared with other treatment groups
                 (p {$<$} 0.05). The feed intake of fish was
                 significantly increased when increasing the FPH in
                 diets (p {$<$} 0.05). The fish fed with a 2\% FPH diet
                 had significantly higher neutrophil, monocyte,
                 lymphocyte, red blood cell, and platelet levels (p
                 {$<$} 0.05). The blood glucose, creatinine, total
                 protein, and globulin were significantly lower in
                 control fish compared to other treatment groups (p
                 {$<$} 0.05). The histopathological observation of mid
                 intestine tissues displayed that 2\% of FPH-diet-fed
                 fish had a well-anchored epithelial wall with
                 well-arranged goblet cells, a long villus structure,
                 stratum compactum, and tunica muscularis compared to
                 other treatments of FPH. The inclusion of FPH in diets
                 up to 2\% significantly improved the liver health of
                 fish. The fish fed with 2\% FPH had a significantly
                 lower cumulative percent mortality (16.67\%) against A.
                 hydrophila infection in the bacterial challenge test (p
                 {$<$} 0.05). Therefore, the present results suggested
                 that using 2\% FPH in the aqua-feed industry improves
                 the growth performance, health status, and disease
                 resistance of Pabda fingerlings in captivity.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Paolucci:2023:FNF,
  author =       "Marina Paolucci",
  title =        "Fish Nutrition and Feed Technology",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "146",
  day =          "28",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030146",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/146",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ren:2023:CTA,
  author =       "Yuanhao Ren and Wei Wang and Yin Fu and Zhiqiang Liu
                 and Ming Zhao and Likun Xu and Tianyong Zhan and Ting
                 Huang and Minghao Luo and Wei Chen and Chunyan Ma and
                 Fengying Zhang and Keji Jiang and Lingbo Ma",
  title =        "Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Identifies {MAPK}
                 Signaling Pathway Associated with Regulating Ovarian
                 Lipid Metabolism during Vitellogenesis in the Mud Crab,
                 \bioname{Scylla paramamosain}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "145",
  day =          "28",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030145",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/145",
  abstract =     "The mud crab, Scylla paramamosain, has abundant
                 nutrients in the ovary, where numerous lipids
                 accumulate during ovarian maturation. However, the
                 mechanism behind the accumulation of lipids in the
                 ovary of mud crab during ovarian maturation is largely
                 unknown. This study conducted a comparative
                 transcriptome analysis of the ovaries of mud crabs at
                 various stages of ovarian maturation. A total of 63.69
                 Gb of clean data was obtained, with a Q30 of 93.34\%,
                 and 81,893 unigenes were identified, including 10,996
                 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). After KEGG
                 enrichment of these DEGs, MAPK signaling pathway was
                 significantly enriched during vitellogenesis. Moreover,
                 the expression levels of genes involved in
                 carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolism were
                 found to be higher during vitellogenesis. The two genes
                 (Sp-Eip75B and Sp-Eip78C) that are homologous to the
                 vertebrate gene PPAR{\gamma} in the PPAR signaling
                 pathway, were identified. Additionally, genes in MAPK
                 signaling pathway might regulate lipid metabolism
                 through PPAR signaling pathway based on Protein-Protein
                 Interaction (PPI) network. These findings suggest that
                 MAPK signaling pathway plays a critical role in lipid
                 metabolism in the ovary during vitellogenesis, which
                 provides new insights into the mechanism of lipid
                 accumulation during ovarian maturation in mud crabs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wuertz:2023:TPC,
  author =       "Sven Wuertz and Filipa Be{\c{c}}a and Eva Kreuz and
                 Konrad M. Wanka and Rita Azeredo and Marina Machado and
                 Benjamin Costas",
  title =        "Two Probiotic Candidates of the Genus
                 \bioname{Psychrobacter} Modulate the Immune Response
                 and Disease Resistance after Experimental Infection in
                 Turbot (\bioname{Scophthalmus maximus}, {Linnaeus}
                 1758)",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "144",
  day =          "28",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030144",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/144",
  abstract =     "Probiotic bacteria are a recognized alternative to
                 classical methods of disease prophylaxis and therapy.
                 We tested the effects of their application on the
                 immune reaction in juvenile turbot. To prevent
                 digestion of the probiotics, rectal administration was
                 applied to maximise colonization, by-passing digestion
                 in the stomach. The application of Psychrobacter
                 nivimaris and Psychrobacter faecalis showed beneficial
                 effects on the inflammatory response and disease
                 resistance after infection with the common pathogen
                 Tenacibaculum maritimum. Treatment with P. nivimaris
                 and P. faecalis resulted in 0\% and 8\% mortalities
                 post-infection, while in the treatment control, an
                 elevated mortality of 20\% was observed. In the
                 challenge controls (no infection), no mortalities were
                 observed during the entire experimental period. After
                 an experimental infection, mRNA expression of selected
                 immune markers (mhc II {\alpha}, il-1{\beta}, tcr, tgf
                 {\beta} and tnf {\alpha}) were determined by RT-QPCR at
                 0, 1 and 5 days post-infection (dpi). At 0 dpi, gene
                 expression was comparable between the treatments and
                 the treatment control, suggesting that probiotics did
                 not act via immune stimulation of the host. At 1 dpi,
                 all genes were up-regulated in the treatment control
                 but not in the probiotic groups, indicating that the
                 infection in probiotic-treated fish developed at a less
                 severe level. At 5 dpi, mRNA expression returned to
                 baseline levels. As a conclusion, the native probiotic
                 candidates P. nivimaris and P. faecalis improved
                 survival, whereas, in the control, mortality increased
                 and expression of the immune markers was up-regulated
                 post infection. This highlights a potential application
                 of P. nivimaris and P. faecalis in disease prophylaxis,
                 but further research is needed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:DSS,
  author =       "Jianping Li and Chen Li and Congcong Li and Wei Luo
                 and Kang Wu and Songming Zhu and Zhangying Ye",
  title =        "Design and Study of a Spindle-Shaped Fry Head-to-Tail
                 Orientation Device",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "143",
  day =          "28",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030143",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/143",
  abstract =     "The head-to-tail orientation of spindle-shaped fry is
                 an important part of automated vaccine injection. The
                 fry's automatic orientation helps reduce labor and
                 improve efficiency during the automated injection. This
                 paper designed an electromagnetic vibration fry
                 orientation device for grass carp fry, measured its
                 friction characteristics with three different materials
                 in scales and against scales, analyzed the kinematic
                 characteristics of the fry on the electromagnetic
                 vibration feeder, and clarified the main factors
                 affecting fry transport. It used the trough's
                 inclination angle, amplitude, and material as the test
                 factors, whereas the orientation success rate and
                 orientation rate were used as the evaluation index.
                 Orthogonal combination tests were carried out with
                 90--150 mm grass carp fry as the research object to
                 obtain reasonable parameter combinations. The results
                 showed that the best orientation effect was achieved
                 when the surface of the trough was a silicone film with
                 many bumps, the inclination of the plate spring was
                 {\beta} = {15$^\circ $}, the inclination of the trough
                 plane was {\theta} y = {-4$^\circ $}, and the amplitude
                 A = 0.7 mm. In this parameter combination, the
                 directional device was tested and verified. The
                 targeted success rate was {\epsilon} = 95.5\%, and the
                 direction rate was {\eta} = 0.87 tail/s. The device
                 could meet the requirements of the head and tails
                 during the mechanized injection of the fry.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Miao:2023:IFQ,
  author =       "Xiaomin Miao and Hui Guo and Yong Song and Chunying Du
                 and Jingyun Feng and Yixi Tao and Hao Xu and Yun Li",
  title =        "Improvement of Flesh Quality of Farmed Silver Carp
                 (\bioname{Hypophthalmichthys molitrix}) by Short-Term
                 Stocked in Natural Water",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "142",
  day =          "28",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030142",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/142",
  abstract =     "To investigate the effects of different raising
                 environments on the flesh quality, the study set up
                 three groups of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys
                 molitrix), that is, pond-farmed; short-term stocked;
                 and ranched, grown in a natural water ranch. This study
                 compared the differences in muscle proximate
                 composition and amino acid composition among three
                 groups. The results showed that there was no difference
                 between the ranched and the stocked groups in content
                 of crude protein, ash, total amino acids (TAA),
                 essential amino acids (EAA), and umami-flavored amino
                 acids (UAA), with both groups being significantly
                 higher than the farmed group. This shows that, in terms
                 of flesh quality, the stocked group was closer to the
                 ranched group and better than the farmed group after
                 being stocked in natural water for 30 days. The results
                 suggest that the flesh quality of farmed fish was
                 improved by short-term stocking in natural water. To
                 elucidate the reasons of flesh quality change in the
                 stocked group, this study compared the food composition
                 and intestinal digestive enzyme activity in three
                 groups, demonstrating that the ranched and stocked
                 groups had similar food composition, with their
                 detritus proportion lower than that of the farmed
                 group, consuming easily digestible phytoplankton
                 diatoms rich in amino acids and fatty acids. No
                 significant difference was seen between the ranched
                 group and the stocked group, for which amylase, lipase,
                 and trypsin activities were lower than that of the
                 farmed group. It is hypothesized that differences in
                 environmental and food composition resulted in lower
                 digestive enzyme activity in the ranched group and the
                 stocked group. In summary, the short-term stocking of
                 farmed fish in a natural water ranch can effectively
                 improve the nutrient content, quality and flavor, and
                 promote value of fish products.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Teixeira:2023:DTS,
  author =       "Cl{\'a}udia Teixeira and Rita Pedrosa and Carolina
                 Castro and Rui Magalh{\~a}es and Elisabete Matos and
                 Aires Oliva-Teles and Helena Peres and Amalia
                 P{\'e}rez-Jim{\'e}nez",
  title =        "Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Implications on
                 Performance, Plasma Metabolites, and Amino Acid
                 Catabolism Enzymes in Meagre (\bioname{Argyrosomus
                 regius})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "141",
  day =          "28",
  month =        feb,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030141",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Mar 30 09:07:32 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/3/141",
  abstract =     "Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid,
                 commercially available as a feed-grade product, and is
                 a precursor to serotonin and melatonin, which are both
                 important molecules in stress mitigation. Meagre have a
                 high potential for marine aquaculture diversification
                 but are highly susceptible to stressful conditions.
                 This study aimed to assess the potential role of
                 dietary tryptophan supplementation in meagre juveniles
                 in order to minimize the deleterious effect of
                 potential stress conditions. For this, a growth trial
                 was performed wherein meagre juveniles were fed four
                 isoproteic (45\%DM) and isolipidic (16\%DM) diets;
                 namely, a control diet, and three diets similar to the
                 control diet but supplemented with varying levels of
                 tryptophan, graded according to the resulting
                 percentage in each diet's dry matter (Control,
                 0.25\%Trp, 0.5\%Trp, and 1\%Trp), corresponding to a
                 total dietary tryptophan of 1.06, 1.70, 2.08, and 3.24
                 g 16 g {-1} N, respectively. Diets were tested in
                 triplicate, and fish were fed twice a day, six days a
                 week, for eight weeks. Five days after the end of the
                 growth trial, a time-course blood sampling was
                 performed at 0 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h after
                 feeding. At the 6 h sampling point, the liver was also
                 collected. Overall, our results indicate that 1Trp
                 supplementation (total dietary Trp 3.24 g 16 g {-1} N)
                 may be harmful to fish, decreasing growth performance
                 and feed utilization, although doses up to 0.5Trp do
                 not influence these parameters. Voluntary feed intake
                 lineally decreased with the increase in the level of
                 dietary Trp. Whole-body lipid content decreased at the
                 highest tryptophan inclusion, whereas no changes were
                 observed in protein levels. After 12 h from feeding,
                 plasma glucose levels were lower in all dietary
                 treatments supplemented with tryptophan compared to
                 those observed in the control. Hepatic enzyme activity
                 of protein catabolism decreased with dietary Trp
                 inclusion. Overall, our results suggested that while a
                 dietary Trp level increase of up to 2.08 g 16 g {-1} N
                 did not affect growth performance and feed efficiency,
                 both these parameters were severely compromised with a
                 Trp level of 3.24 g 16 g {-1} N.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fang:2023:ETS,
  author =       "Dan Fang and Jun Mei and Jing Xie and Weiqiang Qiu",
  title =        "The Effects of Transport Stress (Temperature and
                 Vibration) on Blood Biochemical Parameters, Oxidative
                 Stress, and Gill Histomorphology of Pearl Gentian
                 Groupers",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "218",
  day =          "21",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040218",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/218",
  abstract =     "The transport of living fish is an important part of
                 the fish farming process. The transport usually causes
                 fish stress. This study evaluated the effects of
                 transport temperature and vibration frequency on water
                 quality, blood biochemical parameters, gill
                 histomorphology, oxidative stress, and meat quality of
                 pearl gentian groupers after transport. First,
                 1-year-old groupers (450 {\pm} 25 g) were transported
                 in plastic bags for 48 h, including the following
                 treatments: no shaking, transported at 15 {$^\circ $}C,
                 shaking at 70 rpm, transported at 15 {$^\circ $}C (15
                 {$^\circ $}C/70 rpm); shaking at 120 rpm, transported
                 at 15 {$^\circ $}C (15 {$^\circ $}C/120 rpm); no
                 shaking, transported at 25 {$^\circ $}C; shaking at 70
                 rpm, transported at 25 {$^\circ $}C (25 {$^\circ $}C/70
                 rpm); and shaking at 120 rpm, transported at 25
                 {$^\circ $}C (25 {$^\circ $}C/120 rpm). Serum, liver,
                 gill, and muscle samples were collected for testing at
                 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h of exposure. During the 48 h
                 transport, total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), superoxide
                 dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase
                 (GSH-PX), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly
                 increased in the transport group compared to the
                 control group. In the early stage of transportation,
                 aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine
                 aminotransferase (ALT), cortisol (COR), lactate
                 dehydrogenase (LDH), and glucose (GLU) in the
                 transportation groups were significantly higher than
                 those in the control group, while the water quality pH
                 and dissolved oxygen (DO) levels decreased
                 significantly. Compared with untransported fish, the
                 total free amino acid (TFAA) content increased by
                 40.27\% and 31.74\% in the 25 {$^\circ $}C/70 rpm and
                 25 {$^\circ $}C/120 rpm groups, respectively. In
                 addition, the results of hematoxylin--eosin staining
                 and scanning electron microscopy showed that the
                 epithelial cells in the high-speed group were swollen,
                 the gill lamella was severely curved, and a large
                 amount of mucus was secreted. This study explores the
                 basic information of transportation, which will help to
                 select the conditions that are more suitable for the
                 successful transportation of pearl gentian groupers.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kwikiriza:2023:MVN,
  author =       "Gerald Kwikiriza and Mourine J. Yegon and Nelson
                 Byamugisha and Apulnal Beingana and Faith Atukwatse and
                 Alex Barekye and Juliet K. Nattabi and Harald
                 Meimberg",
  title =        "Morphometric Variations of \geoname{Nile} Tilapia
                 (\bioname{Oreochromis niloticus}) ({Linnaeus}, 1758)
                 Local Strains Collected from Different Fish Farms in
                 \geoname{South Western Highland Agro-Ecological Zone
                 (SWHAEZ), Uganda}: Screening Strains for Aquaculture",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "217",
  day =          "20",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040217",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/217",
  abstract =     "Despite the global contribution of aquaculture as an
                 important pillar for food and nutritional security, its
                 rapid growth has been hampered by inadequate and
                 poor-quality seed due to inbreeding, hybridization of
                 related stocks, and poor-quality broodstock. Phenotypic
                 and genotypic characterization of Nile tilapia in
                 natural water bodies of Uganda has been studied but
                 research gaps remain on the morphometric
                 characterization of farmed O. niloticus in Uganda,
                 which hinders selective breeding initiatives. This
                 study characterized O. niloticus from various farmers
                 in Uganda's Southwestern Highland Agro-Ecological Zone
                 using their morphometric traits. In this study, 8
                 morphometric traits were taken on each of the 258 fish
                 samples collected with at least 30 samples sampled from
                 each pond system in the zone. The morphometric data
                 generated were analyzed using multivariate analysis. In
                 order to delineate the populations from the different
                 ponds, Discriminant Function analysis (DFA) was
                 performed on the dataset and distribution plots
                 generated to test on the purity of the strains. There
                 were significant differences in the morphometric traits
                 among the populations with the Victoria fish population
                 having the highest standard length while the Kyoga
                 population had the highest weight. Morphometric
                 characterization grouped the fish into three clusters,
                 indicative that fish farms in the zone possibly had
                 different sources of fish seed. The condition factor,
                 which is a measure of wellbeing of the fish, showed
                 that all the populations displayed an isometric growth
                 which is indicative of the fish growing in length as it
                 is in weight. The results of this study provide
                 evidence that local O. niloticus from different farms
                 display differences in body shape as a result of using
                 fish seed from different sources. This aspect can be
                 applied in selective breeding programs after
                 establishing the genetic structure of the farmed Nile
                 tilapia stock.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Bonvechio:2023:SEF,
  author =       "Kimberly I. Bonvechio and Ramesh Paudyal and Chelsey
                 Crandall and Andrew K. Carlson",
  title =        "Survey Evaluation of \geoname{Florida}'s Freshwater
                 Fisheries Long-Term Monitoring Program",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "216",
  day =          "19",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040216",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/216",
  abstract =     "Natural resource monitoring programs benefit from
                 routine evaluation. Here, Florida's statewide
                 Freshwater Fisheries Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) program
                 is used to show how stakeholder surveys can be integral
                 to this process. In 2022, an online questionnaire was
                 sent to internal stakeholders, i.e., state agency
                 personnel who collect, enter, or use freshwater
                 fisheries data for fisheries and habitat management
                 purposes. The survey's primary objective was to
                 evaluate the program at its 15-year mark; secondary
                 objectives were to compare results with a similar
                 survey conducted at the 4-year mark, compare results
                 among respondents based on experience and functional
                 role, and develop recommendations for strategic
                 initiatives to further improve the program. The survey
                 consisted of 43 questions across six sections of
                 program evaluation: demographics; field sampling; data
                 entry, summary, and reporting; management decision
                 support; programmatic views; and additional input.
                 Respondents generally had positive views of the LTM
                 program, but the survey revealed differences among
                 respondents with different functional roles (e.g.,
                 fisheries researchers and managers viewed the
                 decisional value, priority, and sample sizes of LTM
                 data more favorably than habitat managers) while
                 highlighting high-priority future initiatives (e.g.,
                 database development). Our results demonstrate the
                 utility of stakeholder surveys as an important step in
                 evaluating monitoring programs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liu:2023:SES,
  author =       "Xiaochen Liu and Daixia Wang and Yan Shang and Xuee Yu
                 and Baoquan Gao and Jianjian Lv and Jitao Li and Ping
                 Liu and Jian Li and Xianliang Meng",
  title =        "Survival, Energy Status, and Cellular Stress Responses
                 of the Juvenile Swimming Crab \bioname{Portunus
                 trituberculatus} under Acute Nitrite Stress",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "215",
  day =          "19",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040215",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/215",
  abstract =     "Nitrite is a common pollutant encountered in
                 aquaculture systems. During intensive hatchery,
                 accumulation of nitrite can cause massive mortality of
                 juvenile crustaceans. However, the nitrite toxicity and
                 cellular stress responses in juvenile crustaceans is
                 not clearly understood. Here, we investigate the
                 survival, energy metabolism, and cellular stress
                 responses in juvenile P. trituberculatus, an important
                 aquaculture species in China, under acute nitrite
                 stress. The results revealed nitrite resulted in a
                 significant decrease in survival rate of juvenile
                 swimming crab. After nitrite exposure, the activity of
                 catabolic enzymes, such as HK, PK, CS, and CPT-1, were
                 initially enhanced, and then they showed significant
                 decrease at the late stage of exposure, accompanied by
                 reduction in ATP and adenylate energy charge (AEC). The
                 impaired energy homeostasis was possibly associated
                 with disturbed AMPK signaling and enhanced anaerobic
                 metabolism, which was indicated by the high levels of
                 LDH activity and HIF-1{\alpha} expression. Furthermore,
                 we found that nitrite stress can depress antioxidant
                 systems and unfold protein responses, causing oxidative
                 damage and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and this,
                 in turn, can trigger autophagy and apoptosis through
                 both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent
                 pathways. The results of the present study improve our
                 understanding regarding adverse effects of nitrite on
                 P. trituberculatus and provide valuable information for
                 hatchery management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hamilton:2023:EIS,
  author =       "Erin F. Hamilton and Collin L. Juurakko and Katja
                 Engel and Josh D. Neufeld and John M. Casselman and
                 Charles W. Greer and Virginia K. Walker",
  title =        "Environmental Impacts on Skin Microbiomes of Sympatric
                 High \geoname{Arctic} Salmonids",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "214",
  day =          "18",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040214",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/214",
  abstract =     "In the region of King William Island, Nunavut, in the
                 Canadian high Arctic, populations of salmonids
                 including Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), cisco
                 (Coregonus autumnalis and C. sardinella) as well as
                 lake whitefish (C. clupeaformis) are diadromous,
                 overwintering in freshwater and transitioning to saline
                 waters following ice melt. Since these fish were
                 sampled at the same time and from the same traditional
                 fishing sites, comparison of their skin structures, as
                 revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, has allowed an
                 assessment of influences on wild fish bacterial
                 communities. Arctic char skin microbiota underwent
                 turnover in different seasonal habitats, but these
                 striking differences in dispersion and diversity
                 metrics, as well as prominent taxa involving primarily
                 Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, were less apparent in
                 the sympatric salmonids. Not only do these results
                 refute the hypothesis that skin communities, for the
                 most part, reflect water microbiota, but they also
                 indicate that differential recruitment of bacteria is
                 influenced by the host genome and physiology. In
                 comparison to the well-adapted Arctic char, lake
                 whitefish at the northern edge of their range may be
                 particularly vulnerable, and we suggest the use of skin
                 microbiomes as a supplemental tool to monitor a
                 sustainable Indigenous salmonid harvest during this
                 period of change in the high Arctic.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Verhille:2023:ESR,
  author =       "Christine E. Verhille and Anthony P. Farrell",
  title =        "Endurance Swimming Is Related to Summer Lake Survival
                 of Rainbow Trout in a Warm Lake with Avian Piscivores",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "213",
  day =          "18",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040213",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/213",
  abstract =     "Fitness of fish is assumed to be influenced by
                 locomotion performance, but empirical evidence linking
                 swimming capacity to survival in nature remains sparse.
                 Poor triploid (3N) fish aerobic swimming performance in
                 conjunction with production of sibling diploid (2N) and
                 3N populations of genetically identical origin to
                 minimize variability among compared populations make 3N
                 trout an informative system to test hypotheses about
                 fitness consequences of fish locomotion. Here, we ask
                 if reduced survival of 3N relative to 2N trout in
                 natural ecosystems during periods of high temperature
                 relate to a lower aerobic swimming capacity and aerobic
                 scope of 3N compared with 2N conspecifics. Three-yearly
                 cohorts of conspecific 2N and 3N hatchery-reared,
                 yearling rainbow trout were ranked for swimming
                 endurance, externally marked for their endurance
                 quantile, and then stocked into two lakes as yearlings
                 to quantify their survival in the wild over summer as a
                 function of ploidy, temperature and endurance; all
                 while tracking temperature and depth habitat
                 utilization via telemetry. As expected, 3N swimming
                 endurance was lower than that of 2N, but with
                 considerable individual overlap. Aerobic swimming
                 endurance, especially for 3N, was predictive of summer
                 survival in a warm lake where piscivorous birds
                 potentially exerted high predation pressure, resulting
                 in low fish survival. This empirical evidence of a
                 connection between swimming endurance and fitness
                 provides support for long held assumptions of this
                 relationship and could inform future sport fishing
                 stocking industry practices to match fish strains to
                 ideal habitats.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Martinez:2023:EPT,
  author =       "Enrique Pino Martinez and Albert Kjartan Dagbjartarson
                 Imsland and Anne-Camilla Diesen Hosfeld and Sigurd Olav
                 Handeland",
  title =        "Effect of Photoperiod and Transfer Time on
                 \geoname{Atlantic} Salmon Smolt Quality and Growth in
                 Freshwater and Seawater Aquaculture Systems",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "212",
  day =          "18",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040212",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/212",
  abstract =     "Smoltification is a key process in Atlantic salmon
                 aquaculture, given it prepares the fish for a
                 successful transit from fresh to seawater. However,
                 industry players have not yet reached a consensus on
                 the best protocols to produce high-quality smolts. In
                 this study, we assessed how the combination of two
                 photoperiod regimes in freshwater (continuous light or
                 LL, and natural photoperiod or LDN) and four transfer
                 times to seawater (February, March, April, and May)
                 affected smolt development and their subsequent growth
                 in seawater until slaughter during commercial
                 production. The results demonstrated that
                 smoltification and growth in freshwater were only
                 slightly modulated by the photoperiod treatment and
                 were instead much more affected by the limiting effect
                 of the low water temperature during that period. In
                 seawater, the growth rate was the highest in the same
                 groups, which had, however, experienced a delay in
                 growth when in freshwater, and consequently, no
                 differences in the final body weight between the eight
                 treatments were found. Such compensatory growth in the
                 sea was probably enhanced by the increasing smolt
                 quality, which could allow for better performance in
                 seawater. A significant link between the weight at
                 slaughter and weight at transfer was observed only in
                 the groups with a lower smolt quality (LL-Feb, LDN-Feb
                 and LDN-Mar), which suggests that larger individuals
                 could cope better with a saline environment. In
                 contrast, smaller smolts probably suffered greater
                 osmotic stress that hindered their performance at sea.
                 Afterwards, as smolt quality increased in the
                 subsequent transfer groups, the relevance of this size
                 effect decreased. This means that the industry may
                 benefit from transferring larger smolts to seawater,
                 especially if these are suspected of having developed
                 suboptimal seawater tolerance. Those individuals are
                 likely to cope better with saline conditions than
                 smaller smolts. Future research should focus on the
                 possible long-term effects of freshwater-rearing
                 regimes on smolt performance in the seawater phase.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wu:2023:FHS,
  author =       "Di Wu and Hao Feng and Ying Zou and Juan Xiao and
                 Pengfei Zhang and Yuxiang Ji and Sovan Lek and Zhiqiang
                 Guo and Qiongyao Fu",
  title =        "Feeding Habit-Specific Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation and
                 Health Risk Assessment of Fish in a Tropical Reservoir
                 in \geoname{Southern China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "211",
  day =          "18",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040211",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/211",
  abstract =     "Dietary uptake is well known as the predominant
                 pathway of heavy metal bioaccumulation in organisms.
                 Our study used a typical tropical reservoir and fish as
                 a modeling system to test the hypothesis that feeding
                 habits and living habitats significantly affect heavy
                 metal bioaccumulation in fish. Specifically, Cr, Mn,
                 Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb concentrations in water,
                 sediment, and fish, and {\delta} 13 C and {\delta} 15 N
                 in 13 fish species were detected in the Songtao
                 Reservoir of Hainan Province, southern China. Our
                 results indicated that Zn concentration in carnivorous
                 fish was higher than in omnivorous fish. Principal
                 components analysis visually differentiated pelagic,
                 benthopelagic, and demersal fish groups. Moreover, we
                 found that the fish feeding in the demersal habitat
                 showed higher heavy metal levels than those in the
                 pelagic habitat. Additionally, the heavy metal contents
                 in demersal fish were significantly positively
                 correlated with sediments, while no positive
                 correlation was observed in pelagic-feeding fish. The
                 {\delta} 15 N and the concentration of Ni, Zn in fish
                 had a significantly positive correlation, suggesting
                 the potential biomagnification. In contrast, Ni, Fe,
                 Cu, and Cd negatively correlated with fish body
                 weight/length, indicating the growth dilution effects.
                 Finally, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of the metals
                 was far below the provisional tolerable daily intake
                 (PTDI), and target hazard quotients (THQ) were
                 {$<$1}.0, indicating that the fish had no risk for
                 consumption risks. Overall, our finding partially
                 validated the hypothesis that the feeding habits and
                 living habitats significantly influence heavy metal
                 bioaccumulation in fish, which might be a broad
                 generality for metal exposure scenarios in aquatic
                 environments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nguyen:2023:EMG,
  author =       "Luong Trong Nguyen and Khanh Quoc Nguyen and Toan Phi
                 Nguyen",
  title =        "Experimental Mixed Gillnets Improve Catches of
                 Narrow-Barred \geoname{Spanish} Mackerel
                 (\bioname{Scomberomorus commerson})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "210",
  day =          "18",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040210",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/210",
  abstract =     "A new gillnet made from multiple mesh sizes ranging
                 from 125 to 180 mm of stretched mesh (experimental
                 gillnet) was tested under commercial fishing conditions
                 to compare the fishing performance with that of
                 conventional gillnets with a 125 mm mesh opening
                 (control gillnet). Catch efficiency and size
                 selectivity between the two gillnet types were
                 evaluated throughout one year of fishing in three
                 different locations in the waters of Vietnam.
                 Experimental gillnets caught narrow-barred Spanish
                 mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson), spotted mackerel
                 (Scomberomorus guttatus), and wahoo (Acanthocybium
                 solandri) in comparable amounts to the control
                 gillnets, with the moon phase, month, and depth
                 explaining some of the variation in the catch per unit
                 effort (CPUE). An analysis of the size-dependent catch
                 comparison rates and selectivity parameters showed that
                 the experimental gillnets captured a wider range of
                 narrow-barred Spanish mackerel sizes, but with a
                 substantial proportion of individuals larger than those
                 caught by the control gillnets. This is of higher
                 weight per unit effort, and fishing enterprises
                 therefore could improve their economic benefits by
                 using modified gillnets with multiple mesh sizes. Our
                 findings also support the biological and environmental
                 benefits of the modified gillnet size selection, which
                 might also extend to other species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wan:2023:UEM,
  author =       "Rong Wan and Pengbo Song and Zengguang Li and Xiangyu
                 Long and Dong Wang and Lu Zhai",
  title =        "Use of Ensemble Model for Modeling the Larval Fish
                 Habitats of Different Ecological Guilds in the
                 \geoname{Yangtze Estuary}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "209",
  day =          "17",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040209",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/209",
  abstract =     "Estuaries provide nursery habitats for a variety of
                 fish species of different ecological guilds and have
                 complicated environmental conditions. In this study, we
                 applied ensemble species distribution models (SDMs) to
                 four abundant and different ecological guild larval
                 fish species (Hemiculter bleekeri (freshwater guild),
                 Pseudolaubuca sinensis (freshwater guild), Coilia
                 mystus (brackish water guild), and Engraulis japonicus
                 (marine guild)) to explore their suitable habitats and
                 the fish--habitat relationships in the Yangtze Estuary.
                 The results showed that random forest (RF) demonstrated
                 the best performance in all single algorithms and the
                 surface range envelop (SRE) model was scarcely
                 accurate. The ensemble SDMs demonstrated a superior
                 predictive ability compared with any single algorithm,
                 with the true skill statistic (TSS) and the area under
                 the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)
                 scores being above 0.899 and 0.641, respectively.
                 Binary presence--absence maps showed the different
                 spatial distribution patterns of the four species. We
                 primarily found the freshwater species (P. sinensis and
                 H. bleekeri) present in the South Branch (west of
                 {122$^\circ $} E), whereas we found the marine species
                 (E. japonicus) anywhere except inside the South Branch
                 (west of {121.8$^\circ $} E). The area for P. sinensis
                 (1615.93 km 2) was relatively larger than that for H.
                 bleekeri (1136.87 km 2). We predicted that the brackish
                 water species (C. mystus) would most likely be present
                 inside the North Branch (west of {122$^\circ $} E),
                 Eastern Chongming, and outside the South Branch (east
                 of {121.8$^\circ $} E). Salinity, as a key
                 environmental variable, contributed to the spatial
                 variability. A low salinity (sea surface salinity (SSS)
                 {$<$} 3) was beneficial for P. sinensis and H. bleekeri
                 but was not suitable for E. japonicus. The SSS suitable
                 range for C. mystus was 5--10 and 12--20. Multiple
                 ecological guild species dwelled in the confluence of
                 salt and fresh water. Our results will play an
                 important role in the design of specific conservation
                 strategies for fishery resources in this area.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Eissa:2023:DEN,
  author =       "El-Sayed Hemdan Eissa and Bothaina A. Alaidaroos and
                 Samyah D. Jastaniah and Mohammad Bodrul Munir and Manal
                 E. Shafi and Yasmin M. Abd El-Aziz and Walaa K. Bazina
                 and Saadiah binti Ibrahim and Moaheda E. H. Eissa and
                 Marina Paolucci and Fatima S. Alaryani and Nadia N. B.
                 Abd El-Hamed and Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack and Saadea
                 Saadony",
  title =        "Dietary Effects of Nano Curcumin on Growth
                 Performances, Body Composition, Blood Parameters and
                 Histopathological Alternation in Red Tilapia
                 (\bioname{Oreochromis} sp.) Challenged with
                 \bioname{Aspergillus flavus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "208",
  day =          "17",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040208",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/208",
  abstract =     "This research examined the role of nano curcumin (NC)
                 on growth performances, body composition, and blood
                 parameters of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) challenged
                 with Aspergillus flavus. Fish (5.0 g {\pm} 0.30) were
                 randomly distributed in four equal groups (20 fish per
                 pond in triplicates) and fed various concentrations of
                 NC fortified with 0 (Control), 40 mg/kg (NC1), 50 mg/kg
                 (NC2), and 60 mg/kg diet (NC3) of nano curcumin. After
                 eight weeks of the feeding trial, the fish were
                 challenged with A. flavus for 15 days, and the
                 cumulative mortality was recorded. Fish fed with
                 different concentrations of NC improved significantly
                 (p {$<$} 0.05) the growth performances, feed
                 utilization, and survival rate. There was no
                 significant (p {$>$} 0.05) difference between NC2 and
                 NC3 treatments. However, NC3 exhibited higher
                 performances. Fish feed supplemented with NC decreased
                 the mortality rate when challenged with A. flavus.
                 Hence, dietary supplementation of NC enhanced the
                 growth and health status of Oreochromis sp. and
                 protected it from A. flavus infection. This study
                 suggests the optimum inclusion level of NC is a 50--60
                 mg/kg diet.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mendez-Tepepa:2023:CEA,
  author =       "Maribel M{\'e}ndez-Tepepa and Karla
                 Hern{\'a}ndez-P{\'e}rez and Libertad
                 Ju{\'a}rez-Santacruz and Senobia Rosalia Cruz-Lumbreras
                 and Edelmira Garc{\'\i}a-Nieto and Arely
                 Anaya-Hern{\'a}ndez and Cuauht{\'e}moc Morales-Cruz",
  title =        "Cytotoxic Effects of the Atrazine Herbicide on
                 Erythrocytes and Liver Damage in \bioname{Lithobates
                 spectabilis}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "207",
  day =          "16",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040207",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/207",
  abstract =     "In Mexico, atrazine is one of the herbicides most
                 widely authorized and used in different irrigation
                 districts. Atrazine is a herbicide that contaminates
                 aquatic systems. Previous studies have shown that
                 atrazine causes damage to red blood cells and liver
                 tissue in different aquatic species, including
                 abnormalities in melanomacrophages. However, more
                 information on amphibians is needed, since most of
                 these studies have been done on fish. Furthermore, no
                 study has determined the effect of atrazine on species
                 native to Mexico. Therefore, in this study, we asked
                 what the effects of atrazine are on the erythrocytes
                 and melanomacrophages of the liver in the male frog
                 (Lithobates spectabilis). In the present study, we
                 analyzed (1) the cytotoxicity of atrazine using the
                 micronucleus test, (2) the area of melanomacrophage
                 centers and the presence of melanin, and (3) the
                 characterization of liver damage using histological
                 techniques. Our results show that atrazine is cytotoxic
                 to erythrocytes, increases the area of and melanin
                 presence in melanomacrophage centers, and causes liver
                 damage in male L. spectabilis. Therefore,
                 hepatotoxicity and cytotoxicity are indicators of
                 environmental stress. We suggest monitoring Mexico's
                 aquatic systems and further analyzing atrazine effects
                 and other pollutants on native species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Costa:2023:MPT,
  author =       "Wilson J. E. M. Costa and Valter M. Azevedo-Santos and
                 Jos{\'e} Leonardo O. Mattos and Axel M. Katz",
  title =        "Molecular Phylogeny, Taxonomy and Distribution
                 Patterns of Trichomycterine Catfishes in the
                 \geoname{Middle Rio Grande Drainage, South-Eastern
                 Brazil} ({Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "206",
  day =          "15",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040206",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/206",
  abstract =     "The Rio Grande drainage plays a key role in supplying
                 water and electricity to large urban centres, but some
                 components of its rich ichthyofauna are still poorly
                 known. Based on our field inventories in the middle
                 section of the drainage, we recognised 10
                 trichomycterine endemic species, of which 6 species are
                 new and described herein. A molecular analysis (2600 bp
                 for 43 taxa) indicated that the species of both
                 subgenera do not form monophyletic groups. One species
                 of the subgenus Cryptocambeva is closely related to
                 species from the inner Brazilian Plateau, whereas other
                 species of this subgenus are closely related to species
                 endemic to smaller coastal basins. The species of the
                 subgenus Paracambeva belong to different lineages of a
                 clade endemic to the Rio Grande drainage. These species
                 are diagnosed by the characters of their external
                 morphology and osteology. A key to species
                 identification is provided. The species distribution
                 patterns support delimitation of three areas of
                 endemism, which may have a relevant role for proposals
                 of conservation strategies: the Uberaba, the S{\~a}o
                 Jo{\~a}o-Sapuca{\'\i}, and the Tamborete areas. The
                 last one, a small area confined between the Serra da
                 Canastra and the Rio Grande at the Furnas dam, is
                 particularly important for sheltering three endemic
                 trichomycterines and two loricariid catfishes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Burbank:2023:TVB,
  author =       "Jacob Burbank and Jenni L. McDermid and Fran{\c{c}}ois
                 Turcotte and Nicolas Rolland",
  title =        "Temporal Variation in {Von Bertalanffy} Growth Curves
                 and Generation Time of \geoname{Southern Gulf of St.
                 Lawrence} Spring and Fall Spawning \geoname{Atlantic}
                 Herring (\bioname{Clupea harengus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "205",
  day =          "15",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040205",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/205",
  abstract =     "Examining temporal changes in the growth and
                 generation time of fish species can be valuable for
                 understanding population responses to different
                 management measures and environmental conditions.
                 Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus -Linnaeus, 1758) is
                 an ecologically and commercially important pelagic
                 forage fish species that occupies the southern Gulf of
                 St. Lawrence. Here, we developed von Bertalanffy growth
                 curves and estimated yearly values of generation time
                 for NAFO Division 4TVn Atlantic herring for the years
                 from 1988 to 2021. The results indicate a temporal
                 reduction in the growth and generation time of both
                 spring and fall spawning herring. Over the time series,
                 the generation time of spring and fall spawners reduced
                 by approximately 1 and 2 years, respectively.
                 Furthermore, the average generation time of spring
                 spawners across the time series (6.23 years (95\% CI:
                 5.78--6.85 years)) was approximately 1 year lower than
                 that of fall spawners (7.52 years (6.82--8.34 years)).
                 Overall, the findings of this study can be used to
                 better inform stock assessments and rebuilding plans
                 for 4TVn spring and fall spawning Atlantic herring and
                 highlight the importance of examining temporal trends
                 in growth and generation time for more effective
                 management of fish stocks.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2023:EIH,
  author =       "Xinxin Wang and Junyi Xie and Yan Luo and Xiao Wang
                 and Gaobo Guo and Xinxing You",
  title =        "Experimental Investigation of the Hydrodynamic
                 Characteristics of Longline Aquaculture Facilities
                 under Current and Wave Conditions",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "204",
  day =          "15",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040204",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/204",
  abstract =     "In this study, a longline aquaculture facility with
                 lantern nets off the coast of northern China was
                 modelled to conduct hydrodynamic tests starting from
                 the culture unit to the entire facility under various
                 current and wave conditions. The experimental results
                 indicated that the drag coefficients of the lantern net
                 model with weights of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 kg were 0.75,
                 0.83, and 0.91, respectively, in the Reynolds number
                 range of 1 $ \times $ 10 4 --1 $ \times $ 10 6. The
                 current-driven upstream mooring line was more dominant
                 than the wave-driven tension, and a simplified model of
                 the longline facility accurately predicted the mooring
                 line tension under the current conditions. The scope of
                 the mooring line (defined as the length of the mooring
                 line related to the water depth) played an important
                 role in eliminating an order of magnitude difference in
                 mooring tension under the wave conditions. The
                 amplitudes of the vertical movement of the longline
                 facility were smaller than the wave height when L / L m
                 was less than 1.5. Therefore, detailed information is
                 needed to better understand the hydrodynamic
                 characteristics and motion response of longline
                 aquaculture facilities for the safe operation of
                 longline structures in offshore environments, in order
                 to process high-quality oyster products.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Saavedra:2023:TPP,
  author =       "Carlos Saavedra and Massimo Milan and Ricardo B. Leite
                 and David Cordero and Tomaso Patarnello and M. Leonor
                 Cancela and Luca Bargelloni",
  title =        "Transcriptional Profiling of Populations in the Clam
                 \bioname{Ruditapes decussatus} Suggests Genetically
                 Determined Differentiation in Gene Expression along
                 Parallel Temperature Gradients and between Races of the
                 \geoname{Atlantic Ocean} and \geoname{West
                 Mediterranean Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "203",
  day =          "14",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040203",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/203",
  abstract =     "Ongoing ocean warming due to climate change poses new
                 challenges for marine life and its exploitation. We
                 have used transcriptomics to find genetically based
                 responses to increased temperature in natural
                 populations of the marine clam Ruditapes decussatus,
                 which lives along parallel thermal gradients in
                 southern Europe. Clams of the Atlantic and West
                 Mediterranean races were collected in northern (cool)
                 and a southern (warm) localities. The animals were kept
                 in running seawater in the warm, southern Atlantic
                 locality for a 15-week period. During this period,
                 water temperature was raised to typical southern
                 European summer values. After this period, an
                 expression profile was obtained for a total of 34 clams
                 and 11,025 probes by means of an oligonucleotide
                 microarray. We found distinct transcriptional patterns
                 for each population based on a total of 552
                 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), indicating
                 innate differences which probably have a genetic basis.
                 Race and latitude contributed significantly to gene
                 expression differences, with very different sets of
                 DEGs. A gene ontology analysis showed that races
                 differed mainly in the genes involved in ribosomal
                 function and protein biosynthesis, while genes related
                 to glutathione metabolism and ATP synthesis in the
                 mitochondria were the most outstanding with respect to
                 north/south transcriptional differences.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Basilone:2023:AGE,
  author =       "Gualtiero Basilone and Rosalia Ferreri and Angelo
                 Bonanno and Simona Genovese and Marco Barra and
                 Salvatore Aronica",
  title =        "Age and Growth of \geoname{European} Sardine
                 (\bioname{Sardina pilchardus}) in the \geoname{Central
                 Mediterranean Sea}: Implication for Stock Assessment",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "202",
  day =          "13",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040202",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/202",
  abstract =     "Understanding the drivers of fish growth is essential
                 for predicting productivity, stability, and resilience
                 of exploited populations. For the European sardine
                 (Sardina pilchardus) in the Strait of Sicily (Central
                 Mediterranean Sea, GSA16), growth parameters or length
                 at age estimates have never been published before. To
                 fill this data gap, the length and age as well as the
                 von Bertalanffy parameters (the most widely used growth
                 model) were estimated. Data from landing samples during
                 the period 2009--2019 were collected by two methods
                 (purse seine and mid-water pelagic trawl). Temporal
                 trends in average length at age, as well as an overall
                 age-length key were obtained and compared with other
                 areas across the geographical distribution range of
                 sardine in the Mediterranean Sea. The observed age
                 range was 0--3 years with most of the individuals
                 belonging to Age 1 (52\%) and Age 2 (43\%). The mean
                 length at age, for the entire study period, was 11.7
                 ({\pm}0.08) cm for Age 0; 13.4 ({\pm}0.09) cm for Age
                 1; 15 ({\pm}0.1) cm for Age 2; and 16.6 ({\pm}0.11) cm
                 for Age 3. Furthermore, during the considered period, a
                 reduction in the length at age was observed in the
                 older classes (Age 2 and Age 3). The estimated
                 parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth model were L
                 inf = 18 ({\pm}1.15) cm, K= 0.459 ({\pm}0.018), and t 0
                 = {$-$1}.99 ({\pm}0.008) and, accordingly, the
                 mortality vector was obtained according to Gislason's
                 model, for each age class, these values were 0.99
                 (0.98--1.02) C at Age 0; 0.71 (0.7--0.73) y {$-$1} at
                 Age 1; 0.6 (0.59--0.62) y {$-$1} at Age 2; 0.54
                 (0.53--0.56) y {$-$1} at Age 3; and 0.51 (0.49--0.53) y
                 {$-$1} at Age 4. Results appeared in agreement with
                 literature from other areas of the Mediterranean Sea
                 and suggested a poor condition status of the sardine
                 stock in the GSA16.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2023:PRP,
  author =       "Lin Chen and Xiaoyu Zhang and Huanzhang Liu",
  title =        "Phylogenetic Relationships of the Pseudogobionini
                 Group ({Teleostei: Cyprinidae}) with Selection Pressure
                 Analyses to Genes of Mitochondrial Genome",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "201",
  day =          "13",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040201",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/201",
  abstract =     "We newly sequenced complete mitochondrial genomes
                 (mitogenome) of two gudgeon species Saurogobio dabryi
                 and S. punctatus, and we downloaded 49 gudgeon
                 mitogenomes from GenBank to investigate the phylogeny
                 of the Pseudogobionini group and analyze selection
                 pressure of the genes. With genera Gobio, Acanthogobio,
                 and Romanogobio as outgroups, the phylogeny of the
                 Pseudogobionini group was revealed as ((Xenophysogobio
                 + Gobiobotia) + (Saurogobio + (Abbottina + (Pseudogobio
                 + Biwia complex)))) based on the concatenated
                 nucleotide sequences of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs).
                 Based on the molecular phylogeny and morphological or
                 osteological characters, we proposed a classification
                 system of the Pseudogobionini group. Moreover, five
                 pairs of sister taxa were selected for gene selection
                 pressure analyses to explore the link of mitochondrial
                 gene evolution to group differentiation and
                 adaptations. We detected significantly different dN/dS
                 values in 11 out of 13 (excluding ND3 and ND4L) PCGs in
                 five pairs of clades, significantly different mean
                 dN/dS, dN, and/or dS values in 8 out of 13 PCGs
                 (excluding ND2, ATP8, ND3, ND4L, and ND6) in three
                 pairs of sub-clades and seven positively selected sites
                 in another three pairs of sub-clades. These results
                 indicated that mitochondrial gene evolution might have
                 contributed to group differentiation and adaptations
                 especially for river or lake environments.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Toledo:2023:RBJ,
  author =       "Cesar Toledo and Eduardo Rubilar and Lorena Marchant
                 and Jessica D{\"o}rner and Lorenzo M{\'a}rquez and
                 V{\'\i}ctor Mart{\'\i}nez and Patricio Dantagnan",
  title =        "Relationship between Jaw Malformations and Long-Chain
                 {PUFA}'s in \bioname{Seriola lalandi} Larvae during the
                 Spawning Season at a Commercial Hatchery",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "200",
  day =          "13",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040200",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/200",
  abstract =     "Jaw malformations imply an important problem during
                 the commercial production of Seriola lalandi larvae and
                 juvenile fish in Chile and New Zealand. Since the rate
                 of malformations in other fish species has been
                 associated with the content of long-chain PUFA
                 (LC-PUFA) in neutral lipids of the diet, the
                 relationship between body LC-PUFA and the rate of
                 malformations, together with a transcriptomic analysis
                 of genes related to the metabolism and transport of
                 lipids in commercially produced S. lalandi larvae have
                 been investigated in the present work. A total of 10
                 batches of S. lalandi larvae were obtained and cultured
                 at about 22 {$^\circ $}C following the protocols of a
                 Chilean commercial hatchery during the spawning season.
                 There were three larval batches that were collected in
                 August (austral winter), three batches that were
                 obtained in October (spring), and finally four spawning
                 events that were obtained in December-January
                 (spring-summer). The rate and type of jaw
                 malformations, the profile of long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA)
                 of total lipids during larval culture, and the
                 distribution of LC-PUFA were analyzed. Additionally, a
                 transcriptome analysis related to lipid metabolism in
                 40-day-old larvae was performed. As a result, a
                 decrease in the rate of malformations was recorded from
                 August to December. DHA showed a steep decrease between
                 days 1 and 10 of culture, probably due to the
                 consumption of yolk sac lipids, but a higher
                 proportional change was noted in larvae that hatched
                 during August. The DHA content in polar lipids (PL) and
                 neutral lipids (NL) of 40-day-old larvae increased from
                 August to December, so that the abundance of DHA was
                 higher in PL in larvae that hatched in December, but it
                 was higher in NL in those larvae that hatched in
                 October. In conclusion, the rate of jaw malformations
                 was associated with the rapid decline in DHA during
                 early larval life and the highest abundance of DHA in
                 neutral lipids at the end of the larval life.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Rahman:2023:ISA,
  author =       "Afaf N. Abdel Rahman and Sameh H. Ismail and Moustafa
                 M. S. Fouda and Abdelwahab A. Abdelwarith and Elsayed
                 M. Younis and Samah S. Khalil and Mahmoud M. El-Saber
                 and Ahmed E. Abdelhamid and Simon J. Davies and Rowida
                 E. Ibrahim",
  title =        "Impact of \bioname{Streptococcus agalactiae} Challenge
                 on Immune Response, Antioxidant Status and Hepatorenal
                 Indices of \geoname{Nile} Tilapia: The Palliative Role
                 of Chitosan White Poplar Nanocapsule",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "199",
  day =          "12",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040199",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/199",
  abstract =     "A new insight into the synthesis of the herbal plant
                 (White poplar, Poplus alba) leave extract using
                 chitosan nanocapsule was studied. The in vitro
                 antibacterial activity of chitosan white poplar
                 nanocapsule (CWPNC) against Streptococcus agalactiae
                 (S. agalactiae) was determined. About 120 fish were
                 categorized for 7 days into four groups. The first and
                 second (CWPNC) groups were treated with 0 mg/L and 3
                 mg/L CWPNC in the water, respectively, without being
                 challenged; the first group was a control. The third
                 (S. agalactiae) and fourth (CWPNC + S. agalactiae)
                 groups were treated with 0 and 3 mg/L CWPNC,
                 respectively, and challenged with S. agalactiae (0.5 $
                 \times $ 10 7 CFU/mL). The obtained results revealed
                 that CWPNC had an in vitro antibacterial activity
                 against S. agalactiae. Moreover, S. agalactiae
                 infection caused a significant elevation (p {$<$} 0.05)
                 in the lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and
                 hepatorenal biomarkers, as well as the lowest
                 significant (p {$<$} 0.05) survival rate (33.33\%).
                 Moreover, a significant depletion (p {$<$} 0.05) in the
                 level of antioxidants (catalase and superoxide
                 dismutase) and the immune indicators (immunoglobulin,
                 lysozyme activity, and complement 3) were the
                 consequences of S. agalactiae infection. Treatment of
                 the infected fish with 3 mg/L CWPNC alleviated these
                 bad circumstances.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shen:2023:IEA,
  author =       "Huihui Shen and Liming Song",
  title =        "Implementing Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries
                 Management in the {Western and Central Pacific
                 Fisheries Commission}: Challenges and Prospects",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "198",
  day =          "12",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040198",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/198",
  abstract =     "The ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM)
                 is considered one of the key management approaches for
                 addressing global resource decline and promoting the
                 health and resilience of ecosystems. This paper
                 explores how the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries
                 Commission (WCPFC), which manages tuna fisheries, has
                 incorporated the ecosystem approach into its management
                 and decision-making system. This study finds that (1)
                 the WCPFC lacks incentives to adopt EAFM as a whole due
                 to its management priorities on target species and some
                 key bycatch species; (2) inadequate scientific
                 information on associated species and the environment
                 hinders ecosystem risk assessments, leading to delays
                 in EAFM-related decisions; and (3) the organization has
                 given little consideration to human factors. The
                 authors suggest developing an EAFM vision with a clear
                 roadmap to guide the implementation of EAFM and
                 applying area-based management tools in cases where
                 there is limited data and scientific information. The
                 proposed coordination mechanism aims to address growing
                 concerns about labor issues by involving multiple
                 stakeholders in the development of a management measure
                 on labor standards.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Youn:2023:AGC,
  author =       "Byoung-Il Youn and Dong-Hyuk Choi and Tae-Hyoung Roh
                 and Seung-Hwan Lee and Kyeong-Ho Han and Dae-Hyeon Kwon
                 and Maeng-Jin Kim",
  title =        "Age and Growth Characteristics of \bioname{Okamejei
                 kenojei} in the \geoname{West Sea of South Korea}
                 According to Coronal Vertebral Microstructure",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "197",
  day =          "10",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040197",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/197",
  abstract =     "In this study, the growth and age characteristics of
                 Okamejei kenojei in the West Sea of South Korea were
                 examined, and specimens were collected by bottom trawls
                 from January to December 2019. The relationship between
                 disc width (L) and body weight (W) was $ W = 6.1 \times
                 10^{-3} $ L 3.40. Age was determined by measuring
                 annuli on the vertebral centrum surface, which forms
                 around June every year. The spawning period was
                 extrapolated from monthly changes of the gonadosomatic
                 index in June--July. The relationship between the
                 vertebral centrum radius and disc width, which was
                 analyzed separately for females and males, was
                 determined as L = 16.159 R 0.6145 and L = 15.543 R
                 0.6851, respectively. Finally, O. kenojei growth, that
                 is, the disc width (L) at a certain age (t), was
                 expressed using the von Bertalanffy growth equation as
                 L t = 58.70(1 {$-$} e {$-$0}.21(t +0.12)) for females
                 and L t = 53.94(1 {$-$} e {$-$0}.26(t +0.05)) for
                 males. This study provides basic data on the age
                 characteristics of O. kenojei for future research and
                 more efficient fish stock management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:MAM,
  author =       "Xi-Lian Li and Pei-Jing Shen and Wen-Ping Jiang and
                 Ji-Lun Meng and Hai-Hua Cheng and Qiang Gao",
  title =        "Metabonomic Analysis of \bioname{Macrobrachium
                 rosenbergii} with {Iron Prawn Syndrome (IPS)}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "196",
  day =          "09",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040196",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/196",
  abstract =     "We previously reported on the comparison of proteomic
                 data between seven tissue types of a novel ``iron
                 prawn'' species. However, no transcripts or metabolic
                 information are available for this species. We
                 therefore performed shotgun LC--MS/MS metabonomic and
                 RNA-seq analyses of the total protein from ``iron
                 prawns''. KEGG analysis revealed that the largest group
                 consisted of a total of 114 KEGG pathway proteins,
                 comparing the ``iron prawns'' with the normal prawns. A
                 total of 423 peptides, corresponding to metabolic
                 pathways, ABC transporters, starch and sucrose
                 metabolism, insulin resistance/secretion, fatty
                 digestion and absorption, and lipid metabolism, were
                 identified. The pathways of carbohydrate and amino acid
                 metabolism decreased in female iron prawns, while
                 organic acid and its derivatives increased. However,
                 the pathway of organic acid and its derivatives
                 decreased and lipid metabolism increased in the male
                 iron prawns. The pathways of choline metabolism in
                 cancer and glycerophospholipid/histidine/propanoate
                 metabolism have been significantly affected in iron
                 prawns. Our work provides insight into the
                 understanding of the formation mechanism of the ``iron
                 prawn''.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mokhtar:2023:GMF,
  author =       "Doaa M. Mokhtar and Marwa M. Hussein and Giacomo
                 Zaccone and Alessio Alesci and Eugenia Rita Lauriano
                 and Ramy K. A. Sayed",
  title =        "Gills of Molly Fish: a Potential Role in Neuro-Immune
                 Interaction",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "195",
  day =          "08",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040195",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/195",
  abstract =     "This study identified the cellular compositions of the
                 gills in molly fish and their role in immunity using
                 light-, electron- microscopy, and immunohistochemistry.
                 The molly fish gills consisted of four holobranchs
                 spaced between five branchial slits. Each hemibranch
                 carried many fine primary and secondary gill lamellae.
                 The gill arch was a curved cartilaginous structure,
                 from which radiated the bony supports of the primary
                 lamellae. The gill arch contained the afferent and
                 efferent brachial arteries. The gill arch was covered
                 by epidermal tissue rich with mucous cells. The primary
                 lamella had a central cartilaginous support and
                 efferent and afferent arterioles and was covered with
                 pavement cells (PVC), salt-secreting chloride cells,
                 and pale-staining mucous cells. These chloride cells
                 contained abundant mitochondria and tubulovesicular
                 system and are involved in ionic transport with a
                 potential role in detoxification. The surface of the
                 secondary lamellae (site of gaseous exchange) consisted
                 of overlapping or interdigitating PVC supported and
                 separated by pillar cells. Other cells were found
                 within the gill epithelium and interstitial connective
                 tissues, including lymphocytes, macrophages, monocytes,
                 telocytes, stem cells, astrocytes, and neuroepithelial
                 cells. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed that
                 APG-5, iNOS-2, IL-1{\beta}, NF-{\kappa}B, and TGF-B
                 showed positive immunoreactivity in macrophages. The
                 epithelium of the primary gill lamellae contained
                 positive-GFAP astrocytes and S100 protein --- chloride
                 cells. The stem cells expressed SOX9, myostatin, and
                 Nrf2. Neuroendocrine cells expressed S100 protein. In
                 conclusion, the current work suggests that the gills of
                 molly fish are multifunctional organs and are involved
                 in immune reactions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shin:2023:SRS,
  author =       "So Ryung Shin and Hyeon Jin Kim and Jae Won Kim and
                 Dae-Hyeon Kwon and Junghwa Choi and Jung Jun Park and
                 Jung Sick Lee",
  title =        "Sex Ratio, Spawning Period, and Sexual Group Maturity
                 of the Largehead Hairtail \bioname{Trichiurus
                 japonicus} ({Teleostei: Trichiuridae}) in
                 \geoname{Korean} Waters",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "194",
  day =          "07",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040194",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/194",
  abstract =     "This study was performed to obtain information on the
                 sex ratio, spawning period, and size at sexual maturity
                 for fishery management of the largehead hairtail
                 Trichiurus japonicus in Korean waters. The overall sex
                 ratio (female, F; male, M) was 1:0.46 (n = 1274
                 females:589 males, 68.4\% female) and as fish increased
                 in length, the proportion of females increased. The
                 oocyte development pattern was group-synchronous
                 development, for which oocyte groups at different
                 stages can be identified within the same ovary. The
                 average gonadosomatic index (GSI) showed two peaks in
                 June (3.03) and August (3.10) in females and in May
                 (1.81) and September (2.24) in males. The median value
                 of GSI showed two peaks in May (2.65F, 1.78M) and
                 September (2.55F, 1.87M) for both females and males. As
                 a result of analyzing the GSI and the monthly gonadal
                 developmental stages, the main spawning season was
                 estimated to be bi-annual (May--June and
                 September--October). The anal length of fish at 50\%
                 sexual maturity was analyzed using a logistic
                 regression model and was determined to be 16.38 cm
                 (female) and 18.31 cm (male).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Alvarez-Fuentes:2023:REC,
  author =       "Carlos J. Alvarez-Fuentes and Javier Tovar-{\'A}vila
                 and Jorge Payan-Alejo and Dar{\'\i}o A.
                 Ch{\'a}vez-Arrenqu{\'\i}n and Isaias H. Salgado-Ugarte
                 and Felipe Amezcua",
  title =        "Reproductive Ecology of the \geoname{Chilean} Round
                 Ray (\bioname{Urotrygon chilensis}, {G{\"u}nther},
                 1872) in the \geoname{Southern Gulf of California}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "193",
  day =          "04",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040193",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/193",
  abstract =     "The Chilean round ray (Urotrygon chilensis,
                 G{\"u}nther, 1872) is commonly caught as bycatch in the
                 Mexican Pacific, but changes in its reproductive
                 ecology as a consequence of fishery effects have never
                 been investigated. In this work, the reproductive
                 ecology of this species was determined in the Southern
                 Gulf of California (SGC). Total length (TL) ranged from
                 11.4 to 51.6 cm, and females were larger than males.
                 Size at maturity (TL 50) was estimated at 27.5 cm for
                 females and 25.3 cm for males. The seasonal variation
                 of mature individuals, the presence of pregnant
                 females, the mean oocyte size, the size of embryos and
                 the smallest free-living specimens along the year
                 suggest the existence of two reproductive periods
                 during the year in the SGC, and the size of birth was
                 estimated to be 11.2 to 15.6 cm TL. The average
                 fecundity was 2.14 embryos. Spatial variations detected
                 in size at maturity, fecundity, and reproductive cycle
                 along the Mexican Pacific coast suggest the presence of
                 separated populations. Some of these differences could
                 be related to differences in maximum size attained in
                 each region, though fishing pressure and environmental
                 factors could have an important role, too.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Aizonou:2023:ESD,
  author =       "Romaric A{\"\i}zonou and Ars{\`e}ne Mathieu Houssou
                 and Guillaume Koussovi and Comlan Eug{\`e}ne Dessouassi
                 and Mardoch{\'e}e Ephra{\"\i}m Achoh and Sessien
                 Lionnel Hounhouedo and Clovis Idossou
                 Hountch{\'e}m{\`e} and Hyppolite Agadjihou{\`e}d{\'e}",
  title =        "Effect of Stocking Density and Feeding Strategy on
                 Zootechnical Parameters and Profitability of
                 \geoname{Nile} Tilapia (\bioname{Oreochromis
                 niloticus}) Reared in Floating Cages in
                 \geoname{Toho-Todougba Complex Lagoon in Benin
                 Republic}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "192",
  day =          "03",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040192",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/192",
  abstract =     "This study aimed to compare the growth performance and
                 economic profitability of rearing Oreochromis niloticus
                 in floating cages using three feeding strategies (5
                 days a week, 6 days a week, and 7 days a week) coupled
                 with three stocking densities (20, 40, and 60
                 fish{\cdot}m {$-$3}). Male monosex fish measuring 6.44
                 {\pm} 0.18 cm and weighing 3.42 {\pm} 0.7 g were used.
                 The controls were weighed every 15 days from the 35th
                 day of rearing until 185 days to assess zootechnical
                 parameters. BioMar feed (Efico Cromis 832F) was used
                 during the study, and the feed ration was adjusted for
                 each treatment every 2 weeks. At the end of the study,
                 the average weights varied from 293.09 g to 468.41 g
                 for the conditions of 40 fish{\cdot}m {$-$3} with a
                 5/7-day diet and 20 fish{\cdot}m {$-$3} with a 7/7-day
                 diet, respectively. The yield per m 2 values were
                 between 7.11 kg and 23.17 kg, respectively. On the
                 other hand, the economic profitability was better with
                 the condition of 40 fish.m {$-$3} with daily feeding.
                 These results suggest that in the Toho-Todougba lagoon
                 complex, a stocking density between 40 and 60
                 fish{\cdot}m {$-$3} coupled with daily feeding (three
                 times a day) promotes the optimization of fish
                 production and profitability of fish farming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liu:2023:LFG,
  author =       "Kai Liu and Zhaoxiang Sun and Chun Yang and Li Jan Lo
                 and Jun Chen",
  title =        "Loss-of-Function of \gene{xpc} Sensitizes Zebrafish to
                 Ultraviolet Irradiation",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "191",
  day =          "03",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040191",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/191",
  abstract =     "Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC)
                 protein recognizes bulky DNA adducts to initiate global
                 genomic nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER). Humans
                 carrying germline mutations in the XPC gene display
                 strong susceptibility to skin and certain internal
                 cancers. In addition to its role in NER, recent studies
                 have indicated that XPC is also involved in other DNA
                 damage repair pathways and transcription regulation. In
                 this report, we generated a zebrafish xpc knockout
                 mutant. Zebrafish xpc {$-$}/{$-$} mutant fish develop
                 relative normally and are fertile. However, the mutant
                 embryos were more sensitive to ultraviolet (UV)
                 irradiation. Upon UV irradiation, compared with the
                 wild type embryos, mutant embryos accumulated
                 significantly higher levels of unrepaired DNA damages
                 and apoptotic cells, which led to more severe abnormal
                 development. Transcriptome analysis showed that the p53
                 signal pathway and apoptosis were enriched in the over
                 upregulated genes in UV-irradiated mutant embryos,
                 suggesting that high levels of unrepaired DNA lesions
                 activated p53 to trigger apoptotic activity in mutant
                 embryos. More interestingly, up to 972 genes in the
                 untreated mutant embryos were differentially expressed,
                 compared with those in the untreated WT. Among these
                 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 379 genes did
                 not respond to UV irradiation, indicating that Xpc
                 plays a role in addition of DNA damage repair. Our
                 results demonstrate that Xpc is an evolutionally
                 conserved factor in NER repair. Zebrafish xpc
                 {$-$}/{$-$} mutant also provides a platform to study
                 other functions of Xpc beyond the DNA damage repair.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Rusco:2023:ZBT,
  author =       "Giusy Rusco and Michele {Di Iorio} and Stefano
                 Esposito and Pierpaolo Gibertoni and Emanuele Antenucci
                 and Valentino Palombo and Alessandra Roncarati and
                 Nicolaia Iaffaldano",
  title =        "Zootechnical Brown Trout (\bioname{Salmo trutta} {L}.
                 1758) Ovarian Fluid Fails to Upregulate the Swimming
                 Performances of Native \geoname{Mediterranean} Brown
                 Trout (\bioname{Salmo cettii} {Rafinesque}, 1810) Sperm
                 in the \geoname{Biferno River}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "190",
  day =          "31",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040190",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/190",
  abstract =     "In external fertilizer fish, ovarian fluid (OF) seems
                 to play a key role in fertilization success, improving
                 spermatozoa swimming performance. These OF/sperm
                 interaction mechanisms are frequently species-specific
                 and/or population-specific and could decrease the risk
                 of genetic introgression of wild populations from
                 introduced or escaped zootechnical individuals. The
                 Mediterranean brown trout (Salmo cettii) is threatened
                 by genetic introgression with strains of domestic brown
                 trout (Salmo trutta) that were introduced for
                 recreational purposes. The aim of our study was to test
                 if native S. cettii females, rather than zootechnical
                 S. trutta, produce OF with a greater ability to
                 upregulate the sperm motility of conspecific males.
                 Thus, we compared the sperm swimming performances of
                 males inhabiting the Biferno River (Molise region ---
                 Southern Italy) activated in native S. cettii vs.
                 zootechnical S. trutta female's OFs. In our study,
                 native females' OFs (20\% diluted), compared to spring
                 water, has the ability to significantly boost the sperm
                 performance of the autochthonous males, while
                 zootechnical S. trutta fails. These preliminary results
                 suggest that OF-sperm interactions could potentially
                 influence or direct the hybridization mechanisms
                 involving the native Mediterranean trout inhabiting the
                 Biferno River and the domestic lineage of brown trout
                 introduced in the past.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2023:JTF,
  author =       "Chao-Ching Chen and Hsin-Zong Lin and Kuo-Wei Lan",
  title =        "{Juvenile and Trash Fish Excluder Device (JTED)} for
                 \geoname{Taiwanese} Bottom Trawl",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "189",
  day =          "30",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8040189",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:41 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/4/189",
  abstract =     "Juvenile and trash fish excluder devices (JTEDs) are
                 used to mitigate the ecological impact of trawling.
                 Trawling has a large ecological footprint in Taiwan.
                 Thus, this study designed three JTEDs, which differed
                 only in grid interval, for single boat bottom otter
                 trawls that are commonly used in Taiwan. The designed
                 JTEDs were tested in the waters off of Kaohsiung on a
                 Kaohsiung-based bottom trawler, and the results were as
                 follows. (1) At least 300 species were caught, and 189
                 of these species had little commercial value; their
                 weight accounted for 52.5\% of the total catch. (2) The
                 three JTEDs had good exclusion performance. (3) The
                 ratios of the weight of bycatch excluded to the weight
                 of total catch were 7.9\%, 29.1\%, and 36.2\%, for grid
                 intervals of 10, 15, and 20 mm, respectively. (4) JTEDs
                 with grid intervals of 10, 15, and 20 mm were
                 associated with a 0.4\%, 11.5\%, and 19.0\% loss in
                 revenue, respectively. (5) Mature (and thus
                 commercially valuable) Loliginidae tended to be
                 excluded when the grid interval was 20 or (especially)
                 15 mm. In general, the designed JTEDs should be used at
                 a grid size of 15 mm because this strikes the best
                 balance between profitability and sustainability.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fraser:2023:EGG,
  author =       "Thomas W. K. Fraser and Tom J. Hansen and Per Gunnar
                 Fjelldal",
  title =        "Environmental and Genetic (\gene{vgll3}) Effects on
                 the Prevalence of Male Maturation Phenotypes in
                 Domesticated \geoname{Atlantic} Salmon",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "275",
  day =          "22",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050275",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/275",
  abstract =     "Pre-harvest male maturation is problematic for
                 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farmers and is regulated
                 by the environment and genetics (e.g., vgll3). Five
                 families of all-male salmon parr (produced using YY
                 males crossed with XX females) with different vgll3
                 genotypes were split between three environmental
                 regimes in January 2018. The ``advanced maturation''
                 regime used elevated temperature (16 {$^\circ $}C) and
                 continuous light from January 2018 with post-smolt
                 maturation assessed in March 2018. The ``extended
                 freshwater'' regime used ambient freshwater (1--16
                 {$^\circ $}C) and simulated natural photoperiod (SNP)
                 with post-smolt maturation assessed in November 2018.
                 The ``sea transfer'' regime used ambient temperatures
                 (1--14 {$^\circ $}C) and SNP in freshwater until May
                 2018 when they were transferred to 9 {$^\circ $}C
                 seawater with natural photoperiod for 2.5 years (final
                 mean weight of circa. 14 kg) and assessed for
                 post-smolt maturation, 1 sea-winter (1 SW) maturation,
                 and 2 sea-winter (2 SW) maturation in the autumn
                 (November/December) of 2018, 2019, and 2020,
                 respectively. Post-smolt maturation was highest in the
                 advanced maturation and extended freshwater regimes
                 (39--99\% depending on family) and lowest in the sea
                 transfer regime (0--95\% depending on family). In the
                 sea transfer regime, maturity incidence increased over
                 time (0--95\% post-smolt maturation, 1--100\% 1 SW, and
                 50--90\% 2 SW maturation, depending on family). In all
                 regimes, those homozygous for the pre-designated vgll3
                 ``early'' maturing allele had the highest incidences of
                 maturation whilst those homozygous for the ``late''
                 allele had the lowest. A low percentage of 2 SW
                 phenotypic and genetic females were found (0--5\%
                 depending on family), one of which was successfully
                 crossed with an XY male resulting in progeny with an
                 approx. 50/50 sex ratio. These results show (i)
                 post-smolt maturation varies dramatically depending on
                 environment although genetic regulation by vgll3 was as
                 expected, and (ii) crossing YY sperm with XX eggs can
                 result in XX progeny which can themselves produce
                 viable progeny with an equal sex ratio when crossed
                 with an XY male.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Artero:2023:CWF,
  author =       "C{\'e}line Artero and Christopher C. Koenig and
                 Jessica E. Marsh",
  title =        "Are the Coastal Waters of \geoname{French Guiana} a
                 Source or Sink Habitat for \geoname{Atlantic} Goliath
                 Grouper \bioname{Epinephelus itajara}?",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "274",
  day =          "22",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050274",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/274",
  abstract =     "The coastal waters of French Guiana are amongst the
                 most turbid and nutrient rich in the world, and as
                 such, they favour the settlement and early development
                 of several species of marine fish. Recent work has
                 revealed a high abundance of Atlantic Goliath Grouper
                 (Epinephelus itajara) in these waters, yet little is
                 known about this species' reproductive biology, which
                 this study aims to complement. During the period from
                 2010 to 2013, we surveyed Goliath Grouper at three
                 rocky sites along the French Guiana coast and examined
                 602 individuals for evidence of maturation. Satellite
                 tags were deployed on five individuals and an acoustic
                 survey was conducted to identify potential spawning
                 movements and activity. We found no evidence of
                 sexually active individuals or local spawning
                 aggregations. Most individuals showed high site
                 fidelity, but one fish was located 1150 km away, near
                 Trinidad and Tobago. We discuss these findings in the
                 context of the wider literature and postulate that
                 Goliath Grouper inhabiting French Guiana reefs
                 originate from spawning sites in northern Brazil and
                 disperse to westerly reefs with the onset of maturity.
                 We propose that the Goliath Grouper populations of
                 South America and Caribbean are linked, and that
                 management of Brazilian source populations could have
                 wide-reaching impacts on Goliath Grouper stocks.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Smit:2023:MPM,
  author =       "Willem J. Smit and Maarten P. M. Vanhove and
                 Ngonidzashe A. G. Moyo and Wilmien J. Luus-Powell",
  title =        "Metazoan Parasites of \geoname{Mozambique} tilapia
                 (\bioname{Oreochromis mossambicus}) Native to
                 \geoname{Lake Urema, Mozambique}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "273",
  day =          "20",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050273",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/273",
  abstract =     "Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters,
                 1852), an important aquaculture species investigated
                 herein, is at risk and listed as vulnerable on the IUCN
                 Red List. During a preliminary survey conducted in
                 2011, 30 Mozambique tilapia from Lake Urema in
                 Gorongosa National Park in central Mozambique, were
                 examined for metazoan parasites. Two groups of
                 ectoparasites were recovered consisting of two species
                 of copepods and a monogenean. Endoparasites retrieved
                 were in the larval stage and included one trematode and
                 one nematode species. This study provides new parasite
                 records for O. mossambicus in Mozambique and forms a
                 baseline for monitoring against the presence of
                 ichthyoparasites associated with the introduction in
                 neighbouring systems of non-native fish such as Nile
                 tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), a fish
                 of worldwide importance in capture fisheries and
                 especially aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Bolognini:2023:COD,
  author =       "Luca Bolognini and Cristina Frittelloni and Francesca
                 Perretta and Martina Scanu and Fabio Grati",
  title =        "From Crisis to Opportunity: Developing a Virtual
                 Marketplace to Enhance Sustainability and Resilience in
                 Small-Scale Fisheries",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "272",
  day =          "19",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050272",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/272",
  abstract =     "In a context in which climate change,
                 overexploitation, and environmental degradation are
                 continuously progressing, the sustainable use of the
                 sea is a key target, both for resources and fishery
                 operators. With the aim of enhancing the sustainability
                 and competitiveness of the entire fishery sector, an
                 innovation brokering event was organized. Via the
                 application of a participatory, interactive, and
                 bottom-up approach, different actors in the Italian SSF
                 sector were stimulated to work together to find
                 innovative solutions to day-by-day problems. During the
                 consultation, and between the identified problems,
                 emerged the lack of cooperation for marketing activity
                 and effective strategies for seafood product
                 development. A pilot action consisting in co-designing
                 a virtual marketplace (VirMa) was the result of the
                 event, intending to facilitate the direct sale of
                 seafood products, explore this new and valuable market,
                 and establish a direct line with consumers. The VirMa
                 application was developed as a value chain network,
                 trying to add value to seafood products. However, an
                 information and communication tool, such as a VirMa,
                 could contribute to increasing the resilience of the
                 SSF sector to market constraints even during unforeseen
                 events, such as a pandemic.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Seixas:2023:DTS,
  author =       "Manuel J. Seixas and Rodrigo R. Domingues and
                 Agostinho Antunes",
  title =        "Decoding the Transcriptome of Sharks, Rays, and
                 Chimaeras: Insights into Their Physiology, Morphology,
                 Evolution, and Biomedical Applications",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "271",
  day =          "19",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050271",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/271",
  abstract =     "Chondrichthyes (including sharks, rays, and chimaeras)
                 are a class of jawed cartilaginous fishes (with
                 skeletons composed primarily of cartilage), with major
                 relevance to the marine ecosystems and to humanity.
                 However, cartilaginous fishes are facing various
                 threatens, inflicting abrupt declines in their
                 populations. Thus, critical assessment of available
                 molecular genetic variation, particularly retrieved
                 from Chondrichthyans' transcriptomic analyses,
                 represents a major resource to foster genomics research
                 in this ancient group of vertebrate species. Briefly,
                 RNA-Seq involves the sequencing of RNA strands present
                 on a target tissue, which can assist genome annotation
                 and elucidate genetic features on species without a
                 sequenced genome. The resulting information can unravel
                 responses of an individual to environmental changes,
                 evolutionary processes, and support the development of
                 biomarkers. We scrutinized more than 800 RNA-Seq
                 entries publicly available, and reviewed more than one
                 decade of available transcriptomic knowledge in
                 chondrichthyans. We conclude that chondrichthyans'
                 transcriptomics is a subject in early development,
                 since not all the potential of this technology has been
                 fully explored, namely their use to prospectively
                 preserve these endangered species. Yet, the
                 transcriptomic database provided findings on the
                 vertebrates' evolution, chondrichthyans' physiology,
                 morphology, and their biomedical potential, a trend
                 likely to expand further in the future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Campos-Sanchez:2023:ECF,
  author =       "Jose Carlos Campos-S{\'a}nchez and Francisco A.
                 Guardiola and Mar{\'\i}a {\'A}ngeles Esteban",
  title =        "Effects of Cantharidin on Fish Erythrocytes, Tumor
                 Cell Lines, and Marine Pathogenic Bacteria",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "270",
  day =          "19",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050270",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/270",
  abstract =     "Cantharidin, a toxic monoterpene secreted by blister
                 beetles, has long been used in traditional Chinese and
                 modern medicine for its unique properties. However,
                 despite its widespread use, its effects on fish have
                 not been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate
                 the potential therapeutic applications of cantharidin
                 in fish by examining its antioxidant, hemagglutinating,
                 hemolytic, and cytotoxic activities at different
                 concentrations (0, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 {\mu}g
                 mL {$-$1}) in three different cell lines. In addition,
                 the study explored the bactericidal and bacteriostatic
                 properties of cantharidin against various fish
                 pathogenic bacteria. The results revealed that there
                 were no significant differences in antioxidant,
                 hemagglutinating, or hemolytic activities between the
                 different concentrations of cantharidin tested.
                 However, the study found that cantharidin exhibited
                 dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in seabream
                 (Sparus aurata) erythrocytes and in SAF-1, PLHC-1, and
                 Hela cell lines, resulting in morphological changes
                 indicative of apoptosis. Interestingly, the highest
                 dose of cantharidin tested demonstrated potent
                 bactericidal activity against four marine fish
                 opportunistic bacteria, including Vibrio harveyi, V.
                 anguillarum, Photobacterium damselae, and Tenacibaculum
                 maritimum, but no statistically significant changes in
                 bacteriostatic activity were observed against any of
                 the bacteria tested. Overall, these results provide
                 valuable information on the potential therapeutic
                 applications of cantharidin in fish aquaculture.
                 Further research is needed to fully understand the
                 mechanisms of action and to explore possible preventive
                 uses of cantharidin in fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:WLR,
  author =       "Yushan Li and Mingjun Feng and Liangliang Huang and
                 Peiyu Zhang and Hongxia Wang and Jingwei Zhang and
                 Yuehan Tian and Jun Xu",
  title =        "Weight--Length Relationship Analysis Revealing the
                 Impacts of Multiple Factors on Body Shape of Fish in
                 \geoname{China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "269",
  day =          "19",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050269",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/269",
  abstract =     "The weight--length relationship (WLR) of fish is a
                 crucial tool in fish biology research and has received
                 extensive attention. However, fish growth is influenced
                 by many factors, and the WLR also changes accordingly.
                 Our aim was to investigate how fish body shape is
                 affected by various factors by analyzing the existing
                 parameters of the relationship between fish body length
                 and weight. We analyzed 198,354 fish specimens
                 belonging to 402 species of 82 families in China and
                 investigated the change of fish body shape in the
                 function of their ecology. Herbivorous fish tended to
                 be shorter and fatter than carnivorous fish, and
                 omnivorous fish fall somewhere in between. This
                 difference could be due to variations in feeding habits
                 and the availability of food sources. Additionally,
                 fish living in lentic waters tended to have a shorter
                 and fatter body shape compared to those living in lotic
                 waters. This could be attributed to differences in
                 swimming behavior in these environments. Furthermore,
                 our results showed that the b value decreased as
                 altitude increased, and fish tended to be thinner and
                 longer due to lower oxygen and temperature levels in
                 high-altitude waters. Overall, our study provides
                 valuable insights into the WLR of fish and the impact
                 of multiple factors on fish body shape.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dambrosio:2023:SLQ,
  author =       "Angela Dambrosio and Nicoletta Cristiana Quaglia and
                 Maria Antonietta Colonna and Flavia Capuozzo and
                 Francesco Giannico and Simona Tarricone and Anna Caputi
                 Jambrenghi and Marco Ragni",
  title =        "Shelf-Life and Quality of Anchovies
                 (\bioname{Engraulis encrasicolus}) Refrigerated Using
                 Different Packaging Materials",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "268",
  day =          "18",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050268",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/268",
  abstract =     "The identification of sustainable materials as an
                 alternative to plastic is fundamental for the
                 protection of the environment and for the safeguard of
                 marine ecosystems. The replacement of plastic with
                 organic materials for fish storage might affect its
                 shelf-life due to the high concentration of oxidizable
                 fatty acids in fish flesh. This study investigated the
                 effectiveness of two organic packaging materials,
                 namely coconut fiber (Coc) and paper (Pap), as
                 alternatives to the conventionally used polystyrene
                 (Pol), on the shelf-life, hygienic parameters, and
                 quality traits of anchovies refrigerated for one (T0),
                 three (T1), or seven (T2) days. The hygienic quality of
                 anchovies packaged in the organic Pap and Coc boxes was
                 better than the traditional Pol, probably due to the
                 higher porosity of the packaging, which allows a higher
                 bacterial proliferation. Results of the T-BARS test
                 showed a lower (p {$<$} 0.05) malondialdehyde
                 concentration in fillets from the Pap group, which
                 increased (p {$<$} 0.05) from the first to the seventh
                 day of storage. The polyunsaturated fatty acids
                 concentration did not differ between groups, but it
                 decreased (p {$<$} 0.05) from T0 to T2. Coconut fiber
                 and paper are worthy of further investigation since
                 these packaging materials did not affect the shelf-life
                 and fatty acid profile of anchovies during storage.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wu:2023:GRM,
  author =       "Chien-Yu Wu and Tsung-Han Lee and Deng-Yu Tseng",
  title =        "Glucocorticoid Receptor Mediates Cortisol Regulation
                 of Glycogen Metabolism in Gills of the Euryhaline
                 Tilapia (\bioname{Oreochromis mossambicus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "267",
  day =          "18",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050267",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/267",
  abstract =     "In this study, we investigated the effects of cortisol
                 on the regulation of the glycogen metabolism biomarkers
                 glycogen synthase (GS) and glycogen phosphorylase (GP)
                 in the glycogen-rich cells of the gills of tilapia
                 (Oreochromis mossambicus). In the gills of tilapia, GP,
                 GS, and glycogen were immunocytochemically colocalized
                 in a specific group of glycogen-rich cells adjacent to
                 the gills' main ionocytes and mitochondria-rich cells.
                 Cortisol plays a vital role in the regulation of
                 physiological functions in animals, including energy
                 metabolism, respiration, immune response, and ion
                 regulation. However, no studies have elucidated the
                 mechanisms regulating cortisol and glycogen-rich cells
                 in the gills. Therefore, we treated tilapia larvae with
                 exogenous cortisol and a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)
                 antagonist to investigate the regulatory mechanisms
                 between cortisol and glycogen-rich cells in the gills.
                 Our results showed that cortisol promoted the
                 expression of gill glycogen phosphorylase isoform
                 (GPGG) mRNA via GR, whereas the GS gene expression
                 remained unaffected. We also found that GR mRNA was
                 colocalized with some glycogen-rich cells in the gills,
                 further confirming our hypothesis that cortisol
                 directly acts on glycogen-rich cells in the gills of
                 tilapia and regulates glycogen metabolism by promoting
                 GPGG mRNA expression.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hill:2023:NHU,
  author =       "Jeffrey E. Hill and Allison Durland Donahou and Emily
                 S. Wooley and Lauren N. Lapham and Quenton M. Tuckett",
  title =        "Narrowing the Horizon: Using Known Invasives and
                 Propagule Pressure to Focus Risk Screening Efforts on
                 Potential Invasives",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "266",
  day =          "17",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050266",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/266",
  abstract =     "About 11 million marine ornamental fish of ca 1800
                 non-native species are imported into the USA each year.
                 Selecting species for risk assessment is daunting for
                 such a diverse pathway. Herein, we discuss a focused
                 method for species selection: choosing important taxa
                 related to known invaders in high-volume pathways and
                 narrowing prospective species lists to manageable
                 groups of potential hazards. We provide an example
                 using 11 damselfishes, a family with high volume in
                 trade and one of the species established in USA waters.
                 We used a specialized literature review and a risk
                 screening tool (Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening
                 Kit) to provide an estimate of risk of invasiveness of
                 marine waters of Florida. The established species was
                 identified as a hazard and potential invasive. All
                 other species scored well below the threshold for
                 invasiveness and future climate had little effect on
                 estimates of invasiveness. The analysis revealed little
                 need for additional risk assessment or prohibitions on
                 damselfishes in trade. Education, monitoring, and early
                 detection and rapid response were the main risk
                 management recommendations. The focused species
                 selection process employed herein provided hazard
                 identification and preliminary risk estimates for just
                 11 species, but collectively, they represent 40\% by
                 volume of fishes imported in the marine ornamental
                 trade.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Danilov:2023:SOP,
  author =       "Diana Danilov and Lorena Dediu and Nicoleta Alexandra
                 Damir and Valentina Coatu and Luminita Lazar",
  title =        "Screening for Organic Pollutants in the \geoname{Black
                 Sea} Turbot (\bioname{Scophthalmus maeoticus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "265",
  day =          "17",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050265",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/265",
  abstract =     "The health of aquatic organisms can be affected due to
                 anthropogenic activities and limited actions to reduce
                 the pollution of the Black Sea. The accumulation of
                 organic pollutants (OPs) in the aquatic environment
                 occurs in water, sediment, and then biota. The turbot
                 (Scophthalmus maeoticus) is a benthic fish of
                 commercial interest scarcely studied in the Black Sea
                 region, and none of the studies researched OP
                 concentrations in its main tissues. In this paper,
                 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and POPs,
                 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated
                 biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in water, sediment,
                 and turbot muscles, gills, gonads, and livers, to
                 research their accumulation level. The determinations
                 were made with gas chromatography on turbots sampled in
                 2021 from the Romanian Black Sea waters. OCPs ---
                 p,p'DDT and its metabolites p,p'DDE, p,p'DDD --- are
                 dominant in the turbot tissues. From PAHs, benzo(g,h,
                 i)perylene was the dominant compound, while for PCBs it
                 was PCB 52. The OPs' presence in the wild turbot is due
                 to river input, dredging and coastal rehabilitation
                 works, industrial activities and contaminated food and
                 poses a risk to human health due to the exceeding
                 maximum allowable concentration for human consumption
                 in Romania and the European Union.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cheng:2023:MBS,
  author =       "Ann-Chang Cheng and Rolissa Ballantyne and Shieh-Tsung
                 Chiu and Chun-Hung Liu",
  title =        "Microencapsulation of \bioname{Bacillus subtilis}
                 {E20} Probiotic, a Promising Approach for the
                 Enrichment of Intestinal Microbiome in White Shrimp,
                 \bioname{Penaeus vannamei}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "264",
  day =          "16",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050264",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/264",
  abstract =     "Microencapsulation is an advanced technique used to
                 improve the viability of probiotics and minimize
                 sensitivity during processing, storage, and in the
                 gastrointestinal environment. Two dietary treatments
                 including a control and an encapsulated probiotic,
                 Bacillus subtilis E20 (EP), were used to evaluate the
                 efficacy in improving the intestinal microbiome of
                 white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, after a 60-feeding
                 trial. The 16S rDNA next-generation sequencing (NGS)
                 analysis indicated that shrimp fed the EP diet
                 generated higher amplicon reads than shrimp fed the
                 control diet. No significant differences were observed
                 in the \alpha -diversity index of the intestinal
                 microbiota of shrimp that were fed the control and EP
                 diet. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria was
                 relatively abundant in the microbiota of shrimp fed
                 both the control and EP diet. The treatment with EP
                 increased the expression of Tenericutes, Bacteroidetes,
                 and Firmicutes, more than the control. The PC analysis
                 revealed that the EP diet altered the bacterial profile
                 in shrimp's intestines into forming different clusters.
                 Unique genera such as Luteolibacter, Simkaniaceae,
                 Haemophilus, Pirellulaceae, Filomicrobium,
                 Sphingomonas, and Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003 along
                 with well-known probiotic genera Bacillus and
                 Lactobacillus were found in the intestine of shrimp fed
                 the EP diet. The PCA eigenvector plots indicated a
                 higher abundance of Bacillus in shrimp fed with EP
                 diet, but a higher abundance of Vibrio in shrimp fed
                 with control diet. These results suggest that
                 encapsulated B. subtilis E20 can be beneficial to
                 shrimp microbiota.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Choi:2023:CCA,
  author =       "Young Jae Choi and Seul Gi Na Ra Park and A-Hyun Jo
                 and Jun-Hwan Kim",
  title =        "Correction: {Choi et al. Physiological Effect of
                 Extended Photoperiod and Green Wavelength on the
                 Pituitary Hormone, Sex Hormone and Stress Response in
                 Chub Mackerel, \bioname{Scomber japonicus}. Fishes
                 2023, {\bf 8}, 77}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "263",
  day =          "16",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050263",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See \cite{Choi:2023:PEE}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/263",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Feng:2023:LMB,
  author =       "Liu-Ying Feng and Li-Ping Yan and Run-Wei Li and
                 Sheng-Fa Li and Jia-Hua Cheng and Yan Jin",
  title =        "{LC-MS} Based Metabolomic Profiling of Largehead
                 Hairtail (\bioname{Trichiurus japonicus}) Ovary Reveals
                 Metabolic Signatures of Ovarian Developmental Process
                 ({II--IV})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "262",
  day =          "14",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050262",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/262",
  abstract =     "Trichiurus japonicus is an economically important fish
                 that ranks 11th in global marine fish capture
                 production. However, the reproductive characteristics
                 of this fish have undergone notable changes in recent
                 decades, potentially affecting the quality of offspring
                 and sustainable utilization. To improve our
                 understanding of the physiological regulation of
                 maturation in T. japonicus, untargeted liquid
                 chromatography mass spectrometry was utilized to
                 identify the small molecules that characterize the
                 comprehensive metabolic profiles of ovaries during
                 ovary development from stage II to stage IV. According
                 to the results of OPLS-DA, the ovarian metabolite
                 profiles of the three developmental stages were
                 separated. The concentrations of 124 and 100
                 metabolites were significantly altered between stage II
                 vs. III and III vs. IV, respectively. Lipids and
                 lipid-like molecules accounted for the largest
                 proportion of the altered metabolites, followed by
                 amino acids, peptides, and analogues. The significantly
                 altered metabolites-enriched pathways differed slightly
                 between stages II and III and stages III and IV.
                 Steroid-related pathways were heavily affected during
                 stages II to III, while significantly altered
                 metabolites from stages III to IV were involved in
                 oocyte-maturation-related pathways. Through
                 metabonomics analysis, potentially important metabolic
                 pathways and metabolites between different ovarian
                 stages were detected, providing basic information for
                 further investigation of maturation mechanisms in wild
                 fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Osorio:2023:PCB,
  author =       "Brendon James Osorio and Grzegorz Skrzypek and Mark
                 Meekan",
  title =        "Parasitic Copepods as Biochemical Tracers of Foraging
                 Patterns and Dietary Shifts in Whale Sharks
                 (\bioname{Rhincodon typus} {Smith}, 1828)",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "261",
  day =          "14",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050261",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/261",
  abstract =     "Understanding the diet of whale sharks (Rhincodon
                 typus) is essential for the development of appropriate
                 conservation strategies for the species. This study
                 evaluated the use of the parasitic copepod (Pandarus
                 rhincodonicus) as a proxy to infer short-term foraging
                 habitats and trophic positions of whale shark hosts. To
                 accomplish this, bulk stable carbon ({\delta} 13 C) and
                 nitrogen ({\delta} 15 N) isotope compositions were
                 analysed from 72 paired samples of whale shark skin
                 (dermal) tissues and copepods collected across six
                 years at the Ningaloo Reef aggregation site, Western
                 Australia. This study found that {\delta} 15 N from
                 parasites and whale shark hosts were strongly
                 correlated. As turn-over times of the parasite and
                 whale shark differ (months vs. years, respectively),
                 the ability of copepods to predict {\delta} 15 N values
                 indicates that the trophic positions of whale sharks
                 remain consistent across these timeframes.
                 Contrastingly, {\delta} 13 C in the parasite and host
                 were weakly correlated, likely reflecting differences
                 in the physiology and lifecycle of the copepod parasite
                 compared to the host. Our results suggest {\delta} 15 N
                 from parasitic copepods provides a reliable proxy of
                 the trophic position of their whale shark hosts, but
                 interpretation of {\delta} 13 C values as a proxy for
                 the host will require future studies on the lifecycle
                 of P. rhincodonicus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Easton:2023:CSO,
  author =       "Blair Alexander Andrew Easton and Andrew Boon and Joe
                 Richards and Kevin Scott",
  title =        "Comparing the Size at Onset of Sexual Maturity of
                 Edible Crab (\bioname{Cancer pagurus}, {Cancridae}) in
                 \geoname{Berwickshire} and \geoname{Northumberland}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "260",
  day =          "13",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050260",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/260",
  abstract =     "The literature suggests regional variations in the
                 size at which sexual maturity is reached for
                 commercially important edible crab (Cancer pagurus),
                 worth GBP 74.3 million annually, which could have
                 implications for regional fisheries management.
                 Berwickshire and Northumberland are geographically
                 divided by the Scotland and England border and remain
                 within the Berwickshire and North Northumberland Coast
                 SAC (Special Area of Conservation). Each are managed by
                 differing fisheries authorities and Minimum
                 Conservation Reference Sizes (MCRS). Morphometric
                 measurements were recorded for each C. pagurus
                 individual to categorise morphometric maturity using
                 segmented regression, with gonadal maturity categorised
                 using visual gonad characteristics and general linear
                 model regressions to compare onset in sexual maturity.
                 Results showed regional variations for gonadal maturity
                 with males reaching sexual onset at a carapace width
                 size of 108.5 mm in Berwickshire and 109.9 mm in
                 Northumberland; females at a size of 126.8 mm in
                 Berwickshire and 120.8 mm in Northumberland. This was
                 also true for morphometric maturity based on chelae
                 height, that males (141.1 mm) and females (134.7 mm)
                 from Berwickshire were morphometrically mature at
                 greater sizes than males (130.1 mm) and females (120.8
                 mm) from Northumberland. This study shows that the
                 respective MCRS in both regions are appropriate for the
                 C. pagurus populations, but implications for fisheries
                 management could be present.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ahmed:2023:CSG,
  author =       "Shaimaa A. A. Ahmed and Abdelhakeem El-Murr and Yasser
                 Abd Elhakim and Mohamed M. Metwally and Amany Abd El
                 Aziz Gharib and Shimaa A. Amer and Elsayed M. Younis
                 and Abdel-Wahab A. Abdel-Warith and Simon J. Davies and
                 Enas N. M. Khalil",
  title =        "Comparative Study on Ginger Powder and Ginger Extract
                 Nanoparticles: Effects on Growth, Immune--Antioxidant
                 Status, Tissue Histoarchitecture, and Resistance to
                 \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila} and \bioname{Pseudomonas
                 putida} Infection in \bioname{Oreochromis niloticus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "259",
  day =          "13",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050259",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/259",
  abstract =     "A 10 week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the
                 potential effects of ginger powder (GP) and ginger
                 extract nanoparticles (GNPs) on the growth parameters,
                 digestive enzymes (lipase and amylase) activities,
                 blood hematology, blood biochemical indices, immune
                 indices (interleukin 10, immunoglobulin M, nitric
                 oxide, and lysozymes), antioxidant activity,
                 histological characteristics of kidney, spleen, liver,
                 and intestine, and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila
                 or Pseudomonas putida infection in Nile tilapia,
                 Oreochromis niloticus. Fish (n = 225, 27.01 {\pm} 0.15
                 g) were stocked in 15 glass tanks (50 $ \times $ 40 $
                 \times $ 60 cm) and randomly allocated to five
                 experimental treatments (TRTs) in triplicate (15
                 fish/replicate, 45 fish/TRT), consisting of five
                 isocaloric--isonitrogenous diets. The treatments
                 comprised the basal diet (1) without any additives
                 (control group, CON), (2) with 0.5\% GP (GP0.5), (3)
                 with 1\% GP (GP1), (4) with 0.5\% GNPs (GNPs0.5), and
                 (5) with 1\% GNPs (GNPs1). Fish were manually fed to
                 satiety three times a day (at 9 a.m., 12 p.m., and 2
                 p.m.). Fish were weighed at the start of the
                 experiment, then the body weight, weight gain, feed
                 intake, and feed conversion ratio were determined at
                 the end of the experiment. At the end of the feeding
                 period, 15 fish/TRT were intraperitoneally inoculated
                 with two pathogenic bacterial strains (A. hydrophila or
                 P. putida) in two separate challenge tests. Blood
                 samples were collected from each TRT at two aliquots
                 for hematological and biochemical analysis at the end
                 of the feeding period. A significant improvement in
                 fish growth was observed in GP and GNPs TRTs compared
                 to the control group. There were no significant changes
                 in the total amount of feed intake/fish in response to
                 the experimental diets. Diets enriched with GNPs,
                 particularly the GNPs1 TRT, resulted in a significant
                 increase (p {$<$} 0.05) in digestive enzyme activity
                 (lipase and amylase), serum growth hormone level,
                 proteinogram, and immune indices (lysozyme,
                 immunoglobulin M, interleukin 10, and nitric oxide). In
                 addition, a significant increase in hepatic antioxidant
                 enzymes (superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, and
                 catalase) was observed in fish fed with GNPs-enriched
                 diets. Survival percentages following bacterial
                 challenge were higher in GNPs1, followed by GP1 and
                 GNPs0.5 TRTs. Normal histomorphology was found in
                 liver, kidney, and spleen tissues in all experimental
                 TRTs. We conclude that GP and GNPs could be included in
                 Nile tilapia diets for promoting fish growth, immunity,
                 antioxidant status, and disease resistance without
                 harming organ functions. In particular, the most
                 effective treatment was GNPs1.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Przybyla-Kelly:2023:CPK,
  author =       "Kasia J. Przybyla-Kelly and Ashley M. Spoljaric and
                 Meredith B. Nevers",
  title =        "Correction: {Przybyla-Kelly et al. Round Goby
                 Detection in \geoname{Lakes Huron and Michigan} --- an
                 Evaluation of eDNA and Fish Catches. Fishes 2023, {\bf
                 8}, 41}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "258",
  day =          "12",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050258",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See \cite{Przybyla-Kelly:2023:RGD}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/258",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kim:2023:CKD,
  author =       "Dong In Kim",
  title =        "Correction: {Kim, D. I. A Study on the Metabolic Rate
                 Change Pattern in F$_2$ Hybrid Sturgeon, the Bester
                 (\bioname{Huso huso} $ \times $ \bioname{Acipenser
                 ruthenus}), during the Early Developmental Stage.
                 Fishes 2023, {\bf 8}, 113}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "257",
  day =          "12",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050257",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See \cite{Kim:2023:CKD}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/257",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shuai:2023:TPO,
  author =       "Fangmin Shuai and Jie Li and Shunchao Yu and Jian
                 Yang",
  title =        "Temporal Pattern of the Occurrence of
                 \geoname{Japanese} Glass Eels (\bioname{Anguilla
                 japonica}) in the \geoname{Pearl River Estuary}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "256",
  day =          "11",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050256",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/256",
  abstract =     "Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica) are a typical
                 migratory fish species with high commercial importance.
                 The Pearl River estuary in southern China is an
                 important natural growing ground for Japanese glass
                 eels, but limited information on Japanese glass eel
                 population characteristics is available, despite their
                 ecological importance. In this paper, we examined the
                 annual patterns of the occurrence of Japanese glass
                 eels in the Pearl River estuary from 2011 to 2022. The
                 most frequently occurring Japanese glass eel's total
                 length is 5.3 cm. The collecting period extended from
                 December to February, and the collection
                 catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) decreased significantly
                 from 2011 to 2022. The generalized linear model (GLM)
                 indicated that daily changes in Japanese glass eel
                 collection were significantly affected by tidal range,
                 water temperature, and lunar distance. The catch peak
                 appeared when the tidal range rose to 1.7 m, and the
                 water temperature dropped below 8 {$^\circ $}C on the
                 full moon days. Overall CPUE analysis showed no
                 significant periodic and inter-annual variability in
                 the period 2011--2022, with the ARIMA model suggesting
                 that the CPUE is expected to remain stable but low in
                 the coming years (2023--2026), although recruitment
                 ultimately depends on the overall spawning stock.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sateriale:2023:BPB,
  author =       "Daniela Sateriale and Serena Facchiano and Katrin
                 Kaldre and Giuseppina Forgione and Giuseppa Anna {De
                 Cristofaro} and Caterina Pagliarulo and Marina
                 Paolucci",
  title =        "Benefits of Polyphenol-Based Synbiotics in Crustacean
                 Diet",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "255",
  day =          "10",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050255",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/255",
  abstract =     "Here, the olive leaf extract (OLE) rich in polyphenols
                 was employed as a prebiotic agent, together with
                 Lactobacillus reuteri and Bacillus clausii, to develop
                 synbiotics. The prebiotic effect of olive leaf extract
                 on the probiotic strains was tested at concentrations
                 of 0, 50, 100, 400, and 1000 {\mu}g mL {$-$1}, and also
                 20 and 40 mg mL {$-$1}. Olive leaf extract at 40 mg mL
                 {$-$1} showed the best prebiotic activity on L. reuteri
                 and B. clausii. A basal diet and two experimental
                 synbiotic-containing diets were prepared. The synbiotic
                 diets were manufactured by adding to the basal diet 5 $
                 \times $ 10 6 CFU g {$-$1} L. reuteri + 5 $ \times $ 10
                 6 CFU g {$-$1} B. clausii + 0.25 mg g {$-$1} OLE and 1
                 $ \times $ 10 7 CFU g {$-$1} L. reuteri + 1 $ \times $
                 10 7 CFU g {$-$1} B. clausii + 0.25 mg g {$-$1} OLE.
                 The diets were administered to the freshwater crayfish
                 Astacus astacus (1.35 {\pm} 0.04 g) in an 84-day
                 feeding trial. The diet containing 5 $ \times $ 10 6
                 CFU g {$-$1} L. reuteri + 5 $ \times $ 10 6 CFU g
                 {$-$1} B. clausii + 0.25 mg g {$-$1} OLE significantly
                 improved (p {$<$} 0.05) final weight, specific growth
                 rate, body condition, and survival rate. A significant
                 growth of Enterobacteriaceae, which include strains
                 with proven beneficial activities for intestinal health
                 and general animal welfare, significantly increased in
                 crayfish fed with synbiotics. The obtained results
                 could be suitable for functional feed development in
                 crayfish farming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Tringali:2023:RSD,
  author =       "Michael D. Tringali",
  title =        "Reproductive Success Dynamics Could Limit Precision in
                 Close-Kin Mark--Recapture Abundance Estimation for
                 \geoname{Atlantic} Goliath Grouper
                 (\bioname{Epinephelus itajara})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "254",
  day =          "10",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050254",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/254",
  abstract =     "Extra-Poisson variance in annual reproductive success
                 can affect the precision of abundance estimates made
                 using `close-kin' mark--recapture procedures. However,
                 empirical evaluation of that variance in natural marine
                 populations can be daunting. Here, a scaling method was
                 used to extend a discrete-time, age-structured model,
                 facilitating investigation of annual and lifetime
                 reproductive success dynamics in Epinephelus itajara.
                 Life tables were synthesized from fishery assessment
                 vital rates and life history measures. For model
                 scaling, a precise empirical estimate of effective
                 population size for the studied population was utilized
                 as the independent variable, and model sensitivity to
                 an informative range of adult abundance was evaluated.
                 The potential for sex reversal to impact reproductive
                 success dynamics was also investigated, albeit in the
                 absence of selective fishing pressure and potential
                 compensatory or depensatory responses. Close-kin
                 relationships in a genetic sample of $ \approx $300
                 adults collected from spawning sites in the Florida
                 Atlantic included numerous full-sibling pairs and
                 multi-sibling families, which is unusual for
                 long-lived, iteroparous marine populations with broadly
                 dispersed larvae. The highly overdispersed reproductive
                 success dynamics modeled for this population and its
                 atypical kinship distribution could have ramifications
                 for planned close-kin mark--recapture analyses. The low
                 observed effective size also has conservation
                 implications. Both issues warrant continued genetic
                 monitoring.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhou:2023:GDP,
  author =       "Lin Zhou and Jiancao Gao and Yanping Yang and Zhijuan
                 Nie and Kai Liu and Gangchun Xu",
  title =        "Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of
                 \geoname{Chinese} Mitten Crab (\bioname{Eriocheir
                 sinensis}) in the \geoname{Yangtze and Liaohe Rivers}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "253",
  day =          "10",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050253",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/253",
  abstract =     "Recently, the economic traits of Chinese mitten crab
                 (Eriocheir sinensis) varieties have had a negative
                 tendency. Meanwhile, the status of wild germplasm
                 resources of E. sinensis is unknown, hindering the
                 utilization of wild germplasm resources and the green
                 development of the E. sinensis industry. Thus, the
                 conservation of the wild E. sinensis germplasm resource
                 is of great significance. To this end, we collected
                 wild E. sinensis from two different river basins, the
                 Yangtze River basin, and the Liaohe River basin, and
                 analyzed the genetic diversity as well as the genetic
                 differentiation in E. sinensis populations. Based on
                 eight microsatellite markers, we found moderate genetic
                 diversity in E. sinensis populations regardless of
                 river basin. Based on the mitochondrial D-loop region,
                 we found that all populations are at mutation drift
                 equilibrium, while the Nm between any two populations
                 is greater than 1. We hypothesized the existence of
                 island model gene flow patterns among E. sinensis.
                 Interestingly, genetic differentiation among E.
                 sinensis populations was low, except that between
                 Liaohe and Anqing or Shanghai populations.
                 Additionally, geometric morphological analysis could
                 distinguish E. sinensis from different basins, with an
                 accuracy of 94.2--100\%. Given the similar genetic
                 diversity in the two basins, the genetic convergence of
                 E. sinensis from different basins deserves further
                 attention.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Turcotte:2023:POG,
  author =       "Lenora D. M. Turcotte and Julia C. Bradshaw and Mark
                 P. Polinski and Stewart C. Johnson",
  title =        "\bioname{Piscine orthoreovirus} Genotype-1 ({PRV-1})
                 in Wild \geoname{Pacific} Salmon of \geoname{British
                 Columbia, Canada}: 2011--2020",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "252",
  day =          "10",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050252",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/252",
  abstract =     "Piscine orthoreovirus genotype 1 (PRV-1) is an endemic
                 virus to the Northeastern Pacific that infects both
                 wild and farmed salmon. To better understand PRV-1
                 prevalence and transmission pathways in the region, we
                 targeted out-migrating juvenile Pacific Salmon in the
                 Strait of Georgia and Johnstone Strait in British
                 Columbia, Canada, for PRV-1 molecular screening with an
                 emphasis on Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Coho
                 (Oncorhynchus kisutch) salmon. A total of 4031
                 individuals were screened for PRV-1 and we identified
                 an overall virus prevalence of 3.5\% from 2011 to 2020.
                 PRV-1 was absent in enhancement facilities and
                 freshwater catchments and predominately found in the
                 marine environment. The detection of PRV-1 varied
                 greatly between species, year and stock of origin, but
                 cumulatively identified that life history and migratory
                 behaviors likely influenced viral prevalence.
                 Specifically, Chinook salmon, which demonstrate long
                 residence time in the Strait of Georgia relative to
                 other species, had the highest PRV-1 prevalence in this
                 study (7.4\%). Varying stock composition and regional
                 detection between year classes within the Strait of
                 Georgia further indicated that the sources for Chinook
                 infection were highly variable between years. These
                 findings enhance our understanding for PRV-1
                 transmission in the region and more generally
                 between/within salmon species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Heidarieh:2023:EID,
  author =       "Marzieh Heidarieh and Amin Gholamhosseini and Najmeh
                 Sheikhzadeh and Maria Angeles Esteban",
  title =        "Effects of $ \gamma $-Irradiated Date
                 (\bioname{Phoenix dactylifera}) Fruit on Growth,
                 Immunological and Antioxidant Parameters of Goldfish
                 (\bioname{Carassius auratus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "251",
  day =          "09",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050251",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/251",
  abstract =     "The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential
                 effects of {\gamma}-irradiated date palm fruit (Phoenix
                 dactylifera), which is rich in phenolic acids and has
                 important and varied biological bioactivities, on
                 growth performance, mucosal immunity and liver
                 antioxidant status in goldfish (Carassius auratus). The
                 antioxidant activity, alongside the phenolic and
                 flavonoid contents, were also determined in irradiated
                 palm fruit extracts (IPFE). The results showed that
                 IPFE5 had a higher antioxidant activity as well as
                 heightened phenolic and flavonoid contents compared to
                 IPFE10 and IPFE0. Meanwhile, goldfish specimens were
                 randomly divided into three groups with three
                 replicates in each. Subsequently, skin immunity and
                 antioxidant activity in the livers of the goldfish were
                 studied. The growth rates of fish fed with IPFE5 and
                 IPFE10 were significantly higher (p {$<$} 0.05)
                 compared to the CTR group. In addition, fish fed with
                 the IPFE5 diet demonstrated increased mucosal immunity
                 compared to the CTR group (p {$<$} 0.05). Lipid
                 peroxidation levels as well as antioxidant enzyme
                 activities were also higher in all the IPFE-fed groups
                 compared to the CTR group (p {$<$} 0.05). These data
                 showed that 40-day dietary administration of
                 {\gamma}-irradiated date extract, especially IPFE5,
                 improved growth performance, mucosal immunity, and
                 liver antioxidant capacity in goldfish. The suitability
                 of administrating this additive in the diet of farmed
                 fish is discussed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wu:2023:IIS,
  author =       "Yeying Wu and Yalan Feng and Mingyang Xue and Zidong
                 Xiao and Lijuan Jin and Ren Gao and Yahong Chen and
                 Tianwang Liang and Yong Zhou",
  title =        "Isolation and Identification of
                 \bioname{Staphylococcus saprophyticus} from Diseased
                 Hybrid Sturgeon",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "250",
  day =          "09",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050250",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/250",
  abstract =     "Hybrid sturgeon is an important economic fish species
                 in China. In 2021, a bacterium was isolated from the
                 liver and kidneys of freshwater-farmed hybrid sturgeon
                 in Yichang City, Hubei Province, causing a disease with
                 high mortality and surface bleeding. Through
                 morphological observation, 16S rDNA gene sequence
                 analysis, pathogenicity, an antimicrobial sensitivity
                 test, as well as serum physiological and biochemical
                 analysis, it was identified as Staphylococcus
                 saprophyticus and named E702. The 16S rDNA gene
                 sequence of E702 is highly homologous to S.
                 saprophyticus in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis showed
                 that E702 and S. saprophyticus clustered into one
                 clade. The 50\% lethal dose of E702 was 2.14 $ \times $
                 10 5 CFU/g. The percentages of monocytes and
                 eosinophils were markedly increased in the diseased
                 sturgeon's blood, whereas the percentages of platelets
                 and lymphocytes were decreased. The activity levels of
                 aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase
                 and alkaline phosphatase in the diseased fish were
                 significantly increased. The diseased fish suffered
                 obvious damage to many tissues and organs, especially
                 the liver and kidney, showing swelling, hyperemic and
                 inflammatory cell infiltration. E702 was sensitive to
                 antibiotics such as neomycin, cefazolin, norfloxacin,
                 carbenicillin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. The study
                 not only proved that S. saprophyticus was responsible
                 for a great deal of hybrid sturgeon deaths, but also
                 shed light on its potential risks in hybrid sturgeon
                 farming. The research results provided the theoretical
                 basis for the diagnosis as well as prevention of this
                 disease.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2023:DDM,
  author =       "Kexin Zhang and Weiren Zhang and Ronghua Li and Junkai
                 Lu and Qingwei Chen and Haojie Hu and Fei Yin and
                 Changkao Mu and Weiwei Song and Chunlin Wang",
  title =        "Dynamic Distribution of \bioname{Mesanophrys} sp. and
                 Tissue Enzyme Activities in Experimentally Infected Mud
                 Crab \bioname{Scylla paramamosain}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "249",
  day =          "08",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050249",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/249",
  abstract =     "Mesanophrys sp. is reported to be highly pathogenic to
                 marine crustaceans. This study presents the first
                 report of Mesanophrys sp. infection in the mud crab
                 (Scylla paramamosain). In this study, we first recorded
                 the survival rates of an experimentally infected group
                 and a control group; the cumulative survival rate in
                 the infected group was significantly lower compared to
                 the control group after 72 h (73.20\% vs. 94.19\%),
                 while the highest mortality of S. paramamosain occurred
                 within the first 24 h post-infection. Then, we
                 investigated the dynamic distribution and tissue
                 tropism of the Mesanophrys sp. in the infected S.
                 paramamosain by a quantitative real-time polymerase
                 chain reaction (qPCR). The result showed that a
                 significant increase in the number of Mesanophrys sp.
                 could be detected in all tested tissues (obtained from
                 the eyestalks, gills, heart, nerves, muscles and
                 hepatopancreas) at 3 h post-infection. The numbers of
                 Mesanophrys sp. in the gill, eyestalk and nerve tissues
                 were relatively higher than in the other tissues. The
                 gill tissue showed the highest numbers from 6 to 48 h.
                 Histopathological observation found a severe collapse
                 in the filament structure, which indicated
                 tissue-specific pathogen infection. Furthermore, the
                 antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase
                 (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) in three
                 representative tissues (gill, muscle and
                 hepatopancreas) were compared between the infected and
                 control groups, and a significant increase in enzyme
                 activity was observed in all three tested tissues in
                 the infected group, indicating a relatively strong
                 innate immune defense reaction that could have been
                 induced by Mesanophrys sp. infection. These results
                 will be helpful to Mesanophrys sp.
                 pathogenicity-related research and the control of this
                 pathogen in S. Paramamosain in the future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Han:2023:AAE,
  author =       "Chenglong Han and Kefeng Liu and Toshihisa Kinoshita
                 and Biao Guo and Yifan Zhao and Yuhang Ye and Yufei Liu
                 and Osamu Yamashita and Debin Zheng and Wenhui Wang and
                 Xueqiang Lu",
  title =        "Assessing the Attractive Effects of Floating
                 Artificial Reefs and Combination Reefs on Six Local
                 Marine Species",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "248",
  day =          "08",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050248",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/248",
  abstract =     "Artificial reefs (ARs) have been advocated for and
                 implemented as management tools for recreational
                 fisheries, species conservation, and habitat
                 replacement; however, the research that includes
                 attracting marine species of floating ARs remains in
                 its early stages. Here, two types of floating ARs were
                 designed to evaluate the attractive effects using the
                 occurrence rate and attracting index for six
                 commercially important species (Lateolabrax maculatus,
                 Liza haematocheila, Sebastes schlegelii, Acanthopagrus
                 schlegelii, Litopenaeus vannamei, and Amphioctopus
                 fangsiao) in the Bohai Bay of China; their combined ARs
                 were meanwhile compared with two variants of artificial
                 seagrass beds (SA and SB) and the traditional
                 double-frame artificial reef (TD). All of the designed
                 ARs were effective in attracting experimental species.
                 The ARs with higher shelter areas (SB and TD) showed a
                 better attracting effect. The efficiency of the ARs in
                 attracting different species depended on their life
                 histories. The bottom-mounted ARs were more efficient
                 in attracting demersal species, while the floating ARs
                 attracted epipelagic fish. In addition, the combined
                 reefs had a better attractive effect than single ARs
                 did. Overall, floating ARs and their combined ARs show
                 the potential to deploy especially for attracting
                 epipelagic fishes, although further study is needed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jang:2023:EHA,
  author =       "Won Je Jang and Shin-Kwon Kim and So Young Park and
                 Dong Pil Kim and Yun-Jy Heo and Haham Kim and Su-Jeong
                 Lee and Min Gyu Shin and Eun-Woo Lee and Seunghyung Lee
                 and Jong Min Lee",
  title =        "Effect of Host-Associated Bacillus-Supplemented
                 Artificial Diets on Growth, Survival Rate, and Gene
                 Expression in Early-Stage Eel Larvae (\bioname{Anguilla
                 japonica})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "247",
  day =          "08",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050247",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/247",
  abstract =     "Beneficial microorganisms can increase nutrient
                 digestion and absorption in farmed fish. This study
                 investigates the effects of supplemental feeding of
                 Bacillus species isolated from the intestines of wild
                 glass eels on the growth, survival, and gene expression
                 of farm-raised eel larvae for 30 days after hatching.
                 Three species of Bacillus (B. velezensis, AJBV; B.
                 subtilis, AJBS; B. licheniformis, AJBL) without
                 hemolytic activity were isolated, and an experiment
                 compared the growth of eel larvae fed an artificial
                 diet supplemented with each Bacillus species. There
                 were no significant differences in the total length and
                 body depth of eel larvae at 30 days after hatching in
                 all groups. During the feeding period, 149 eels
                 survived from the initial 1000 in the control group. On
                 the other hand, 240, 178, and 141 eels survived in the
                 AJBV, AJBS, and AJBL groups, respectively. However,
                 there were no significant differences in survival rates
                 despite the difference in the number of surviving eel
                 larvae among the groups. In the comparison of gene
                 expression of genes involved with growth (growth
                 hormone, growth hormone receptor 1, insulin-like growth
                 factor II-2) and those involved with digestive enzymes
                 (amylase, trypsin, lipase), there were also no
                 significant differences among the groups. Our results
                 confirm that dietary supplementation with each of the
                 three host-associated Bacillus does not affect the
                 growth and survival rates of eel larvae reared on an
                 artificial diet up to the first 30 days after hatching,
                 nor does it significantly affect related gene
                 expression.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Esparza-Espinoza:2023:CSI,
  author =       "Dania Marisol Esparza-Espinoza and Hisila del Carmen
                 Santacruz-Ortega and Maribel Plascencia-Jatomea and
                 Santiago P. Aubourg and Jes{\'u}s Aar{\'o}n
                 Salazar-Leyva and Francisco Rodr{\'\i}guez-Felix and
                 Josafat Marina Ezquerra-Brauer",
  title =        "Chemical-Structural Identification of Crude Gelatin
                 from Jellyfish (\bioname{Stomolophus meleagris}) and
                 Evaluation of Its Potential Biological Activity",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "5",
  pages =        "246",
  day =          "08",
  month =        may,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050246",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:42 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/5/246",
  abstract =     "The demand for jellyfish is growing worldwide,
                 especially due to their high nutraceutical value. In
                 this study, the extraction and characterization of
                 crude gelatin from the brown cannonball jellyfish
                 (Stomolophus meleagris), which is periodically found in
                 large volumes on the American Pacific coasts, were
                 carried out. The crude gelatin obtained by alkaline
                 treatment, with subsequent heat and dialysis treatment,
                 showed an ability to quench free radicals (via ABTS and
                 ORAC methods), and protect human cells against
                 oxidative damage (through inhibition of hemolysis by
                 AAPH), and they protected against mutations caused by
                 aflatoxin B 1 in the Salmonella enterica Typhimurium
                 TA100 strain. Furthermore, it was established that
                 these extracts were innocuous for eukaryotic cells
                 (genotoxicity assay). The amino acid profiles indicate
                 a high concentration of glycine and proline, as well as
                 charged amino acids. Electrophoretic, FT-IR, and 1
                 H-NMR studies indicated that one of the main proteins
                 present in this crude gelatin is collagen. The presence
                 of collagen and other proteins was identified by
                 proteomic studies. Alkaline crude gelatin from brown
                 jellyfish could be considered as potential candidates
                 to be evaluated as antioxidant agents in foods in
                 future research.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Finnas:2023:POM,
  author =       "Viktor Finn{\"a}s and Erkki Jokikokko and Jan-Olof
                 Lill and Yann Lahaye and Henry H{\"a}gerstrand and Kai
                 Lindstr{\"o}m",
  title =        "Potential of Otolith Microchemistry to Distinguish
                 Nursery Areas of Salmon within \geoname{River
                 Simojoki}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "332",
  day =          "20",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060332",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/332",
  abstract =     "Draining into the northern Baltic Sea, River Simojoki
                 is an important spawning river for Atlantic salmon. The
                 present study aimed to preliminary explore the
                 potential of analysing the elemental composition of
                 otoliths to distinguish the within-river nursery area
                 of origin for salmon. Parr were sampled at three
                 nursery areas in the river and smolts of unknown origin
                 were sampled near the river mouth during the migration
                 to the sea. The concentrations of multiple elements and
                 the strontium 87 Sr/ 86 Sr isotopic ratio in the
                 otoliths were analysed using single- and
                 multi-collector laser ablation inductively coupled
                 plasma mass spectrometry, respectively. Based on the
                 otolith elemental variables, parr could be reclassified
                 to the sampled nursery areas using discriminant
                 function analysis and random forest with a success rate
                 of 53.3\% and 63.3\%, respectively. However, for parr
                 sampled at the uppermost nursery area in the river, the
                 success rates were 90\% and 100\%, respectively.
                 Applying the classification models trained on the parr
                 samples to determine which nursery area sampled smolt
                 originated from was constrained by the limited sampling
                 of parr, both in sample sizes and the coverage of the
                 nursery areas found in the river.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kovacic:2023:SRG,
  author =       "Marcelo Kova{\v{c}}i{\'c} and Sergio
                 Ram{\'\i}rez-Amaro and Maria Teresa Farriols and
                 Francesc Ordines",
  title =        "The Second Record of \bioname{Gymnesigobius medits}
                 {Kova{\v{c}}i{\'c}}, {Ordines, Ramirez-Amaro \&
                 Schliewen}, 2019, the Deepest Benthic Gobiiform
                 Species, and the Additional Records of \bioname{Gobius
                 xoriguer} {Igl{\'e}sias, Vuki{\'c} \& {\v{S}}}anda,
                 2021 ({Actinopterygii: Gobiiformes: Gobiidae})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "331",
  day =          "20",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060331",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/331",
  abstract =     "Gymnesigobius medits is reported for the first time
                 after a recent description recorded from the Balearic
                 Islands and from the slope of the Gulf of Vera on the
                 Iberian Peninsula coast. The record from the Emile
                 Baudot seamount on the Balearic Islands represents the
                 deepest positive benthic gobiiform species record in
                 general. The presence of the membrane connection
                 between the pelvic fins in Gymnesigobius medits,
                 presumed on the damaged fin in the original
                 description, was confirmed. The recently described
                 Gobius xoriguer is the first record from the Pitiusas
                 and Columbretes islands and from the Iberian Peninsula
                 coast. It appears to be widely distributed in the
                 circalittoral bottoms, preferentially in red algae
                 beds. Morphological identification of both species was
                 confirmed using molecular analyses based on the
                 sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase
                 subunit I (DNA barcode) gene. The deepest records of
                 gobiiform fishes in oceans and seas are reviewed. The
                 European seas, a well-studied area with eight gobiid
                 species recorded deeper than 200 m, show high bathyal
                 gobiid species richness compared to other areas. The
                 real worldwide diversity of bathyal gobies, although
                 only a fraction of the shallow water species richness
                 of this taxon, is probably much larger than presently
                 known.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Tefal:2023:NOR,
  author =       "Eslam Tefal and Ignacio Jauralde and Ana
                 Tom{\'a}s-Vidal and Silvia Mart{\'\i}nez-Llorens and
                 David S. Pe{\~n}aranda and Miguel Jover-Cerd{\'a}",
  title =        "New Organic Raw Materials for Gilthead Seabream
                 (\bioname{Sparus aurata}) Feeding and the Effects on
                 Growth, Nutritive Parameters, Digestibility, and
                 Histology",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "330",
  day =          "20",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060330",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/330",
  abstract =     "A 120-day experiment investigated the new organic raw
                 materials for Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) feeding
                 on growth, nutritional parameters, digestibility, and
                 histology. An organic control diet (CON) and three
                 diets with 100\% organic raw materials --- the rest of
                 rainbow trout, visceral Iberian pig, and insects as a
                 protein source (TRO, IBE, and INS) --- were tested.
                 After the experiment, growth, nutritional parameters,
                 digestibility, and histology were measured. The CON
                 diet-fed seabream obtained the highest weight; there
                 was no difference between the experimental diets. The
                 crude protein content was the highest in seabream fed
                 the TRO and INS diets. Crude fat was the highest value
                 observed in the CON diet. High digestibility was
                 observed in seabream-fed IBE and INS diets. Except for
                 EAA methionine (Met), there were no static differences
                 in retention efficiency. The diet with the highest
                 hydrolysis rate was IBE. Diet differences were
                 significant but had the typical healthy liver
                 morphology of seabream. Seabream fed on the TRO and INS
                 diets had shorter distal gut measurements. In
                 conclusion, the full substitution of fishmeal with
                 organic raw materials, including rainbow trout remains,
                 Iberian pig viscera, and insects, offers several
                 benefits in terms of digestibility, histology, and
                 growth performance and may help improve sustainable and
                 healthy aquaculture practices.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xu:2023:EDL,
  author =       "Jiaming Xu and Zhoulin Yu and Guangye Liu and Sijie Li
                 and Guoyong Zhou and Hanhua Wang and Yewei Dong and
                 Cuihong You and Weidong Bai and Meng Zhou and Yanhua
                 Huang and Xiaohong Tan",
  title =        "Effects of Dietary \bioname{Lentinus edodes}
                 Fermentation Supplementation on Digestive Enzyme
                 Activity, Antioxidant Capacity and Morphology of the
                 Liver and Intestine in Largemouth Bass
                 (\bioname{Micropterus salmoides}) Fed High Plant
                 Protein Diets",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "329",
  day =          "20",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060329",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/329",
  abstract =     "This study evaluated the effect of Lentinus edodes
                 fermentation (LEF) on digestive enzyme activity,
                 antioxidant capacity and morphology of the liver and
                 intestine in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
                 fed high plant protein diets (HPPD). LEF was
                 supplemented in HPPD with 0 g kg {$-$1} (LEF0), 10 g kg
                 {$-$1} (LEF1), 20 g kg {$-$1} (LEF2), 30 g kg {$-$1}
                 (LEF3), 40 g kg {$-$1} (LEF4), 50 g kg {$-$1} (LEF5),
                 respectively, and then the six diets were fed to
                 largemouth bass with a body weight of 28.8 {\pm} 0.05 g
                 for eight weeks. Juvenile fish were randomized into 6
                 groups and each group had 4 replicates with 40 fish.
                 Dietary LEF supplementation alleviated the liver
                 inflammatory reaction of largemouth bass caused by HPPD
                 and improved liver morphology. Goblet cells multiplied
                 and the gut muscle layer thickened after LEF
                 supplementation. The LEF significantly increased
                 amylase activity in the liver and intestine of
                 largemouth bass in individual experimental groups. The
                 LEF could increase the activity of catalase in the
                 liver and intestine of largemouth bass (p {$<$} 0.05).
                 The content of malondialdehyde was significantly lower
                 than that in the control group (p {$<$} 0.05). Dietary
                 LEF supplementation had no significant effect on the
                 intestinal flora of largemouth bass. These findings
                 imply that LEF supplementation can reduce liver
                 inflammation, enhance intestinal tissue morphology, and
                 eventually benefit largemouth bass health.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lassauce:2023:SEP,
  author =       "Hugo Lassauce and Olivier Chateau and Laurent
                 Wantiez",
  title =        "Spatial Ecology of the Population of Reef Manta Rays,
                 \bioname{Mobula alfredi} ({Krefft}, 1868), in
                 \geoname{New Caledonia} Using Satellite Telemetry 1 ---
                 Horizontal Behaviour",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "328",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060328",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/328",
  abstract =     "The reef manta ray, Mobula alfredi (Krefft, 1868), is
                 a highly mobile and plankton-feeding species,
                 classified vulnerable to extinction on the IUCN Red
                 List for Threatened Species. Knowledge on their spatial
                 ecology and the extent of their dispersal remain
                 incomplete, especially within island-fragmented
                 habitats as found in New Caledonia. Satellite telemetry
                 was used to investigate the horizontal movement ecology
                 of reef manta rays in New Caledonia. A total of 21 reef
                 manta rays were tagged with pop-up satellite archival
                 transmitting tags (21 Fastloc and 2 MiniPAT) that
                 remained deployed for a duration ranging from 3 to 180
                 days (mean {\pm} SE = 76.7 {\pm} 50.3). Rays presented
                 a strong site fidelity and an important affinity for
                 coastal waters. Long-distance migrations ({$>$300} km)
                 were also observed, mainly through coastal and shallow
                 water paths. Horizontal movements were compared to a
                 home range area and classified into four distinct
                 patterns: Fidelity, Excursion, Fidelity + Relocation
                 and Relocation. The most dominant pattern was Fidelity,
                 where manta rays remained within their home range for
                 the whole duration of the tag deployment. Our findings
                 may assist in the design of more appropriate management
                 strategies for the species in New Caledonia and other
                 regions worldwide.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chaiyasut:2023:DAP,
  author =       "Kasidis Chaiyasut and Paul Merviel and Peter Palma and
                 Johanna Perschthaler and Eduardo Jimenez-Fernandez and
                 Andrew Davie and Alejandro P. Gutierrez",
  title =        "Development of an Accurate Polymerase Chain Reaction
                 ({PCR}) Assay for Genetic Sex Identification in
                 Lumpfish (\bioname{Cyclopterus lumpus}) Based on
                 Male-Specific Anti-Mullerian Hormone (\gene{amh})
                 Gene",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "327",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060327",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/327",
  abstract =     "The production of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) has
                 become crucial in controlling sea lice levels in
                 salmonid aquaculture. To improve their breeding, there
                 is a need for early sex identification. The genomic
                 region containing the anti-M{\"u}llerian hormone (amh)
                 gene was suggested as the candidate master
                 sex-determining gene in lumpfish. However, the genome
                 of lumpfish contains three copies of amh with ambiguous
                 sex specificity, designated amh1, amh2, and amh3. The
                 study aims to analyse the male-specific region between
                 these amh paralogues for its application as a sex
                 marker. In this study, we utilised polymerase chain
                 reaction (PCR)-based assays to identify the
                 male-specific amh markers in lumpfish and estimate the
                 length of the male-specific region in the lumpfish
                 genome. Our results indicate that a specific genomic
                 region of approximately 27 kilobases (kb), encompassing
                 amh1 and amh2 genes, exhibits male specificity, whereas
                 amh3 is present in both sexes. The developed PCR-based
                 genetic sex identification assays targeting amh1 and
                 amh2 exhibited over 97\% concordance with phenotypic
                 records. Further experiments in other members of the
                 Cyclopteridae: Aptocyclus ventricosus, Eumicrotremus
                 taranetzi, and E. asperrimus revealed male-specific amh
                 genome region only in A. ventricosus. Phylogenetic
                 analyses using the available Cyclopteridae amh
                 sequences suggest that male-specific amh arose early in
                 the Cyclopteridae lineage. Our findings, along with the
                 development of the PCR test, hold great promise for the
                 field of lumpfish aquaculture and will also contribute
                 significantly to future investigations aiming to
                 enhance our understanding of the sex-determination
                 system and the evolution of sex chromosomes in
                 teleostean fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hoseinifar:2023:EGV,
  author =       "Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar and Zohreh Fazelan and Ehab
                 El-Haroun and Morteza Yousefi and Metin Yazici and Hien
                 Van Doan and Marina Paolucci",
  title =        "The Effects of Grapevine (\bioname{Vitis vinifera}
                 {L}.) Leaf Extract on Growth Performance, Antioxidant
                 Status, and Immunity of Zebrafish (\bioname{Danio
                 rerio})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "326",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060326",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/326",
  abstract =     "An 8-week feeding trial was carried out to evaluate
                 the effects of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) leaf extract
                 (GLE) on the growth, oxidative enzymatic activities,
                 immunity, and expression of antioxidant genes in
                 zebrafish (Danio rerio). Three hundred and sixty
                 zebrafish were supplied and fed with different levels
                 of GLE: 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 g kg {$-$1}. The dietary
                 administration of 1 g kg {$-$1} of GLE significantly
                 increased growth parameters in fish. Fish fed diets
                 with GLE showed increased total protein. The total Ig
                 and lysozyme activity significantly changed in the
                 whole-body serum, but not in skin mucus. GLE
                 significantly increased Catalase (CAT), Superoxide
                 Dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx)
                 activities compared to the control diet. GLE treatments
                 caused a significant decrease in the malondialdehyde
                 (MDA) content. In the skin mucus, only CAT and SOD
                 activities significantly increased. The highest
                 expression of Toll-like receptor-1 (TLR-1) and Tumor
                 Necrosis Factor-{\alpha} (TNF{\alpha}) genes was
                 achieved in fish fed 2 g kg {$-$1} of GLE. CAT and SOD
                 gene expressions were significantly higher in fish fed
                 1 and 2 g kg {$-$1} of GLE. GPx gene expression was
                 significantly higher in fish fed 1 g kg {$-$1} of GLE.
                 In conclusion, the results of the present study
                 revealed that GLE affects growth performance and
                 regulates antioxidant and immune gene expression. The
                 determination of the optimum dosage merits further
                 research.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jimenez-Ruiz:2023:QIS,
  author =       "Edgar Iv{\'a}n Jim{\'e}nez-Ru{\'\i}z and V{\'\i}ctor
                 Manuel Oca{\~n}o-Higuera and Santiago Valdez-Hurtado
                 and Jos{\'e} Alberto Cruz-Guzm{\'a}n and Cesar
                 Benjam{\'\i}n Otero-Le{\'o}n and Sa{\'u}l
                 Ru{\'\i}z-Cruz and Alba Mery Garz{\'o}n-Garc{\'\i}a and
                 Hebert Jair Barrales-Cure{\~n}o and Dalila Fernanda
                 Canizales-Rodr{\'\i}guez and Cinthia Jhovanna
                 P{\'e}rez-Mart{\'\i}nez and Mar{\'\i}a Teresa
                 Sumaya-Mart{\'\i}nez",
  title =        "Quality Improvement and Shelf-Life Extension of Iced
                 \geoname{Nile} Tilapia Fillets Using Natural Garlic
                 Extract",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "325",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060325",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/325",
  abstract =     "Fish represent one of the most perishable food groups.
                 Therefore, it is important to find viable alternatives
                 that contribute to the preservation of quality and
                 increase the shelf life of fishery products, and one
                 alternative is to use natural extracts with
                 antimicrobial activity. The objective of this study was
                 to determine the effect of a natural extract prepared
                 with garlic (NGE) on the quality and shelf life of
                 tilapia fillets stored on ice for 18 days. For this
                 purpose, NGE was prepared by homogenizing peeled garlic
                 cloves with distilled water, which were then
                 centrifuged to obtain the extract (NGE); then, the fish
                 fillets were immersed in the extract and were coated in
                 NGE. The fillets with NGE were packed in high-density
                 polyethylene bags and stored in crushed ice for 18
                 days. The adenosine 5{\prime}-triphosphate (ATP) and
                 degradation products, K-value, color, texture, water
                 holding capacity, pH, total mesophilic count, and total
                 volatile bases (TVB-N) were monitored during storage.
                 The ATP content, K-value, pH, total microbial count,
                 and TVB-N changed with respect to ice storage time, and
                 the results between fillets with NGE and control
                 fillets differed. In conclusion, the application of NGE
                 increased the shelf life of fillets stored on ice by 6
                 days, obtaining a shelf life of 18 days on ice, which
                 shows its potential to improve the utilization of the
                 species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ramos:2023:WFP,
  author =       "Jorge Ramos and Pedro G. Lino and Jaime An{\'\i}bal
                 and Eduardo Esteves",
  title =        "{(Un)wanted} Fish: Potential Consumers' Acceptability
                 of Landings in the \geoname{Portuguese} Case",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "324",
  day =          "18",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060324",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/324",
  abstract =     "The Landing Obligation (LO), introduced in 2015 by the
                 Common Fisheries Policy of the European Union (EU-CFP),
                 has been subject to a transitional period until
                 recently. The rationale behind the measure is that all
                 fish species subject to a total allowable catch (TAC)
                 must be landed to increase the sustainability of
                 fishing activities. Through the analysis of official
                 statistical data, it is possible to find out which
                 species of fish were landed and their relative
                 importance, including their monetary value, and verify
                 the potential for consumer acceptance. Some insights
                 are drawn from the interconnection between these three
                 factors (i.e., social acceptability, landings of main
                 fish species, and their market value) with empirical
                 results and the scientific literature using data from
                 Portugal.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Watz:2023:ITD,
  author =       "Johan Watz and Joel Schill and Louis Addo and John J.
                 Piccolo and Mahboobeh Hajiesmaeili",
  title =        "Increased Temperature and Discharge Influence
                 Overwinter Growth and Survival of Juvenile Salmonids in
                 a Hydropeaking River: Simulating Effects of Climate
                 Change Using Individual-Based Modelling",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "323",
  day =          "18",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060323",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/323",
  abstract =     "Climate change causes warming of rivers and may
                 increase discharge, particularly during winter.
                 Downstream of hydropower plants, fluctuating water
                 temperature and flow create dynamic overwintering
                 conditions for juvenile salmonids. We used inSTREAM
                 7.2-SD to simulate the effects of increased temperature
                 (+2 {$^\circ $}C) and discharge (+10\%) on the
                 overwinter growth and mortality of one-summer- and
                 two-summer-old Atlantic salmon and brown trout in a
                 river with a hydropeaking flow regime in a 2 $ \times $
                 2 design with replicated simulations. Water temperature
                 had a major positive relationship with growth for both
                 species and year classes, whereas increased flow alone
                 had no major general effect on overwinter growth. For
                 one-summer-old trout experiencing the high temperature
                 regime, however, increased flow resulted in reduced
                 growth. There were no major effects from temperature
                 and flow on the survival rate of the two-summer-old
                 fishes. On the other hand, there were significant
                 interaction effects for the one-summer-olds, indicating
                 that the effect of flow depended on temperature. For
                 one-summer-old salmon, high flow resulted in increased
                 survival in the low temperature regime, whereas it
                 resulted in reduced survival in high temperature. In
                 contrast, for one-summer-old trout, high flow resulted
                 in reduced survival in the low temperature regime and
                 increased survival in the high temperature. Different
                 hydropower operation alternatives may interact with
                 warming, affecting the relative competitive abilities
                 of stream salmonids. Ecological models that predict the
                 effects of different environmental conditions, such as
                 temperature and flow regimes, may offer insight into
                 such effects when in situ experiments are not
                 feasible.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dayrit:2023:PIS,
  author =       "Geraldine B. Dayrit and Emmanuel M. Vera Cruz and
                 Channarong Rodkhum and Mahmoud Mabrok and Pattareeya
                 Ponza and Mudjekeewis D. Santos",
  title =        "Potential Influence of Shading in Freshwater Ponds on
                 the Water Quality Parameters and the Hematological and
                 Biochemical Profiles of \geoname{Nile} tilapia
                 (\bioname{Oreochromis niloticus} {Linnaeus}, 1758)",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "322",
  day =          "17",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060322",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/322",
  abstract =     "Nile tilapia is a high-demand commodity in most
                 developing countries including the Philippines, but its
                 production is hampered by fluctuating water temperature
                 (WT) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations, which
                 are mostly influenced by temperature warming. Net
                 shading has been demonstrated to reduce pond
                 temperature and increase the rate of spawning in
                 cultured tilapia. The current study aimed to
                 investigate the potential effects of shading on the
                 water quality parameters, blood indices, and serum
                 biochemical profiles of cultured Nile tilapia. Fish
                 were collected from unshaded (control) and shaded
                 (experimental) ponds in three breeding cycles. WT and
                 DO concentrations were measured, while hematological
                 and biochemical analyses were performed. The results
                 showed that the average WT was considerably decreased
                 in the shaded pond with no significant difference in
                 the DO concentrations. Red blood cells, hemoglobin, and
                 lymphocyte counts were significantly lower in fish
                 raised in shaded ponds, although mean corpuscular
                 volume and neutrophil counts were significantly higher.
                 Likewise, Chole, TP, and Alb values were significantly
                 affected by the interaction of cycle and shading setup.
                 Cortisol, Glb, K +, Cl {$-$}, Mg 2+, and TCa values
                 showed significant differences and were only affected
                 by the cycle. Similarly, AST and ALT values showed
                 significant differences and were affected by both cycle
                 and shading setup. Water quality parameters (WT and
                 DO), hematological blood indices, and serum biochemical
                 variables were correlated positively with each other.
                 In brief, prior data imply that net shading can reduce
                 WT in aquaculture ponds, reduce stress in Nile tilapia,
                 and lessen the consequences of temperature warming on
                 species production.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Almodovar:2023:BAS,
  author =       "Ana Almod{\'o}var and Graciela G. Nicola and Daniel
                 Ayll{\'o}n and Sheila Leal and Daniel F. March{\'a}n
                 and Benigno Elvira",
  title =        "A Benchmark for \geoname{Atlantic} Salmon
                 Conservation: Genetic Diversity and Structure in a
                 \geoname{Southern European} Glacial Refuge before the
                 Climate Changed",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "321",
  day =          "16",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060321",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/321",
  abstract =     "Atlantic salmon Salmo salar supports highly valuable
                 commercial and recreational fisheries in Europe, but
                 its stocks are currently overexploited and threatened
                 by climate change. Its southernmost populations (in
                 northern Spain) play a key role in conserving the
                 species' original genetic diversity, which is
                 endangered due to decades-long (1970s to 1990s) massive
                 stocking with non-native stocks. Their decline is well
                 documented, but the effect of stock transfer and
                 conservation efforts is unclear. Nine microsatellite
                 loci were amplified from archival samples (scales from
                 1958--1959) from eight Spanish rivers to analyse the
                 species' natural genetic dynamics before its decline
                 started. Allelic richness was high in the historical
                 populations (the 1950s) and above most contemporary
                 estimates. Private alleles were found in most rivers,
                 indicating high local uniqueness and relative isolation
                 among river basins. Some alleles are regional markers
                 since they are rare or absent from contemporary
                 northern European populations. Effective population
                 size suggested good conservation status, with higher
                 values than those estimated for contemporary
                 populations. Strong population structure and genetic
                 differentiation between rivers were found, with limited
                 gene flow, restricted to geographically close
                 populations. Our estimates of historical genetic
                 diversity and structure from southernmost salmon
                 populations are a powerful benchmark to guide
                 conservation programs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gauy:2023:BTS,
  author =       "Ana Carolina dos Santos Gauy and Marcela Cesar
                 Bolognesi and Eliane Gon{\c{c}}alves-de-Freitas",
  title =        "Body Tactile Stimulation Reduces the Effects of High
                 Stocking Density on the Welfare of \geoname{Nile}
                 Tilapia (\bioname{Oreochromis niloticus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "320",
  day =          "16",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060320",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/320",
  abstract =     "High stocking density is used in aquaculture to
                 optimize farming. However, such strategies can stress
                 territorial fish by increasing aggression, thus harming
                 the fish welfare and productive performance. Here, we
                 tested the effect of long-term tactile body stimulation
                 (TS) on alleviating the impact of high stocking density
                 in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Ten males were
                 grouped for 21 days into four treatments (10 replicates
                 each one) combining TS with high (1.2 kg{\cdot}m{$^3$})
                 or low (0.6 kg{\cdot}m{$^3$}) densities: (1) without TS
                 and high density; (2) without TS and low density; (3)
                 with TS and high density; and (4) with TS and low
                 density. A rectangular PVC frame fitted with vertical
                 plastic sticks sided with silicone bristles was placed
                 in the center of aquarium. The fish receive TS when
                 passing through the bristles. An apparatus without
                 bristles was used as control. We found higher cortisol
                 levels under TS conditions. All parameters of
                 productive performance (growth, food efficiency, and
                 condition factor) were higher in the treatment with TS
                 and low density, lower in the treatment without TS and
                 high density, and similar between treatments high
                 density with TS and low density without TS. The results
                 suggest that TS improves productive performance of Nile
                 tilapia, counteracting the negative effects of high
                 stocking density.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Crozier:2023:CRI,
  author =       "Lisa G. Crozier and Jared E. Siegel",
  title =        "A Comprehensive Review of the Impacts of Climate
                 Change on Salmon: Strengths and Weaknesses of the
                 Literature by Life Stage",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "319",
  day =          "16",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060319",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/319",
  abstract =     "As we confront novel environmental challenges, a full
                 understanding of the physical and biological processes
                 that govern species responses to climate change will
                 help maintain biodiversity and support conservation
                 measures that are more robust to irreducible
                 uncertainty. However, climate impacts are so complex,
                 and the literature on salmon and trout is so vast that
                 researchers and decision makers scramble to make sense
                 of it all. Therefore, we conducted a systematic
                 literature review of climate impacts on salmon and
                 anadromous trout as a resource for stakeholders,
                 managers, and researchers. We reviewed studies
                 published from 2010 to 2021 that address climate
                 impacts on these fish and organized them in a database
                 of 1169 physical and 1853 biological papers. Papers are
                 labeled with keywords across eight categories related
                 to subject matter and study methods. We compared the
                 literature by biological process and life stage and
                 used these comparisons to assess strengths and
                 weaknesses. We then summarized expected phenotypic and
                 genetic responses and management actions by life stage.
                 Overall, we found the largest research gaps related to
                 species interactions, behavioral responses, and effects
                 that carry over across life stages. With this
                 collection of the literature, we can better apply
                 scarce conservation resources, fill knowledge gaps, and
                 make informed decisions that do not ignore
                 uncertainty.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Barreiros:2023:WAG,
  author =       "Jo{\~a}o Pedro Barreiros and Felicia C. Coleman",
  title =        "\geoname{West African} Goliath Grouper: Where Are They
                 between \geoname{Senegal} and \geoname{Angola}?",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "318",
  day =          "16",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060318",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/318",
  abstract =     "The Atlantic Goliath Grouper Epinephelus itajara
                 (Lichtenstein, 1822) occurs on both sides of the
                 Atlantic, from the Carolinas (USA) to Brazil in the
                 western Atlantic and historically from North Senegal to
                 North Angola off of West Africa in the eastern
                 Atlantic. While there are relatively good data on their
                 distribution in the western Atlantic, confirmed
                 occurrences, population status, fishing reports, and
                 trade data are almost non-existent for West Africa.
                 Part of the problem is that tropical West African
                 countries largely lack the wherewithal to fund the
                 research needed to evaluate this species, nor do they
                 have laws, management plans, or viable enforcement
                 measures that might lead to effective population
                 recovery or protection for essential juvenile mangrove
                 habitats. Given the lack of published studies on this
                 species in West Africa, the primary objectives of this
                 paper are (1) to describe all known historical and
                 current anecdotal information available on this species
                 and (2) to encourage the increased monitoring of
                 habitats where viable populations might still occur
                 (i.e., mangroves, oil rigs, and oil platforms).",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Munoz-Lechuga:2023:DSU,
  author =       "Rub{\'e}n Mu{\~n}oz-Lechuga and Fambaye Ngom Sow and
                 Diaha N'Guessan Constance and Davy Angueko and David
                 Mac{\'\i}as and Alexia Massa-Gallucci and Guelson
                 Batista da Silva and Jorge M. S. Gon{\c{c}}alves and
                 Pedro G. Lino",
  title =        "Differentiation of Spatial Units of Genus
                 \bioname{Euthynnus} from the \geoname{Eastern Atlantic}
                 and the \geoname{Mediterranean} Using Otolith Shape
                 Analysis",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "317",
  day =          "15",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060317",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/317",
  abstract =     "The shape of sagitta otoliths was used to compare
                 individuals of little tunny (Euthynnus alleteratus)
                 harvested on board commercial fishing vessels from the
                 coastal areas along the Eastern Atlantic, including the
                 Mediterranean Sea. Fish sampling and selection was
                 designed to cover possible seasonal changes and tuna
                 size. The research encompassed both morphometric and
                 shape analyses of left sagittal otoliths extracted of
                 504 fish specimens. Four shape indices (Circularity,
                 Roundness, Rectangularity, and Form-Factor) were
                 significantly different between two groups, showing a
                 statistical differentiation between two clear spatial
                 units. The degree of divergence was even more
                 pronounced along the rostrum, postrostrum, and excisura
                 of the generated otolith outlines between these two
                 groups. One group corresponds to the samples from the
                 coastal areas in the Northeast Temperate Atlantic and
                 Mediterranean Sea (NETAM Area) and a second group from
                 the coastal areas off the Eastern Tropical Atlantic
                 coast of Africa (ETA Area). This study is the first to
                 use otolith shape to differentiate tunas from separate
                 spatial units. These results could be used to
                 re-classify previously collected samples and to correct
                 time series of data collected.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kim:2023:SRI,
  author =       "Hongsik Kim and Ana C. Franco and U. Rashid Sumaila",
  title =        "A Selected Review of Impacts of Ocean Deoxygenation on
                 Fish and Fisheries",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "316",
  day =          "14",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060316",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/316",
  abstract =     "Oxygen is crucial for the survival of marine species.
                 Yet, the ocean has experienced a loss of approximately
                 2\% of its oxygen inventory since the last century,
                 resulting in adverse impacts on marine life and
                 ecosystems. In particular, changes in the gap between
                 the supply and demand for dissolved oxygen lead to
                 physiological and ecological variations, which cause
                 alterations in habitats and food webs for fish and
                 ecosystem services. These changes vary over time and by
                 region, and the heterogeneous characteristics of marine
                 species bring about non-linear consequences to human
                 society. Despite this, identifying the potential ripple
                 effects of deoxygenation on human society is
                 challenging due to the integrated impacts of other
                 stressors, such as global warming and ocean
                 acidification, and their varying changes depending on
                 environmental conditions and regions, such as upwelling
                 and eutrophication. Therefore, we conducted a
                 literature review on ocean deoxygenation and its
                 effects on fish dynamics and the ecosystem, with a
                 focus on the environmental and societal impact, to
                 present crucial considerations and pathways for future
                 research on ocean deoxygenation. We found that
                 quantitative approaches are necessary to assess the
                 dynamic changes under deoxygenation, and the consequent
                 effects on marine ecosystems should be verified to
                 exploit the natural resources from the ocean. One of
                 the most reliable approaches to quantifying the ripple
                 impacts of deoxygenation is to model spatial and
                 temporal changes with other climate stressors, forming
                 a global network encompassing socio-economic and
                 regional effects of this global change to facilitate
                 and improve capabilities to address the impacts of
                 ocean deoxygenation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Anderson:2023:CAB,
  author =       "Cody M. Anderson and Brian D. Wisenden and Cody A.
                 Craig and Craig A. Stockwell",
  title =        "Consistent Antipredator Behavioral Responses among
                 Populations of \geoname{Red River} Pupfish with
                 Disparate Predator Communities",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "315",
  day =          "13",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060315",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/315",
  abstract =     "Many desert fishes, which evolved in isolated aquatic
                 ``islands'' with limited predation pressure, have been
                 severely impacted by non-native predators. These
                 impacts have been attributed to the evolutionary loss
                 of antipredator competence, known as the predator
                 naivet{\'e} hypothesis. Recent work provided support
                 for this hypothesis for one desert fish species. We
                 sought to examine the generality of the predator
                 naivet{\'e} hypothesis by evaluating antipredator
                 competence in five populations of Red River pupfish
                 (Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis), a species that occupies
                 habitats that vary in the degree of isolation and
                 levels of fish species richness. Fish were exposed to a
                 conspecific chemical alarm cue released from damaged
                 epidermal tissue as a general assay of antipredator
                 response. We found that pupfish from all five
                 populations exhibited antipredator behavior in response
                 to the alarm cue, regardless of the exposure to
                 predation risk. These data provide evidence that
                 antipredator responses to alarm cues are conserved in
                 Red River pupfish, even in populations isolated from
                 piscivorous species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Batjakas:2023:LDC,
  author =       "Ioannis E. Batjakas and Athanasios Evangelopoulos and
                 Maria Giannou and Sofia Pappou and Eleftheria
                 Papanikola and Maria Atsikvasi and Dimitris Poursanidis
                 and Chrysoula Gubili",
  title =        "Lionfish Diet Composition at Three Study Sites in the
                 \geoname{Aegean Sea}: an Invasive Generalist?",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "314",
  day =          "13",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060314",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/314",
  abstract =     "The diet of the lionfish (Pterois miles), an invasive
                 species in the Aegean Sea, was examined by collecting
                 stomach content data from fish collected in three study
                 sites in the Aegean Sea (southern Crete, Kastellorizo,
                 and Nysiros islands). Prey composition in terms of
                 numerical abundance and frequency of occurrence was
                 used to compare lionfish's diet between these sites.
                 Lionfish largely preyed upon teleosts (4\% to 83\%
                 numerical abundance and 16\% to 58\% frequency of
                 occurrence, depending on the site) and decapods (12\%
                 to 95\% numerical abundance and 11\% to 81\% frequency
                 of occurrence). The most important teleost families in
                 lionfish's diet were Gobiidae, Labridae, and
                 Scorpaenidae, while decapods and especially the family
                 Scyllaridae and the genus Plesionika were the dominant
                 decapod prey items. The lionfish was found to be an
                 especially successful generalist across the study
                 sites, an opportunistic, predatory species overall, and
                 at the same time, at a local level, it seems to be an
                 equally successful specialist that could increase the
                 predation mortality of already stressed prey
                 populations and can be a serious threat to endemic,
                 critically endangered, and/or commercially important
                 species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yu:2023:HIB,
  author =       "Tae-Sik Yu and Chang Woo Ji and Ihn-Sil Kwak",
  title =        "Hierarchical Interaction between Food Diversity and
                 Competition in Brackish Fish Species in \geoname{South
                 Korea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "313",
  day =          "13",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060313",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/313",
  abstract =     "Information about the food sources for fish is
                 important not only for predation and food competition,
                 but also for the direct impact on organism
                 interactions, relationships, and biodiversity within
                 aquatic ecosystems. We analyzed the food sources of 21
                 fish species in 9 families of 6 orders based on the
                 literature data from brackish ecosystems in South Korea
                 to improve the understanding of the estuarine
                 ecosystem. The food sources of the 21 fish species
                 contained 173 families, 86 orders, 39 classes, and 22
                 phyla. The 21 fish species were classified into 4
                 groups using hierarchical analysis based on their food
                 sources: Group 1 fishes mainly consumed Amphipoda;
                 Group 2 fishes were zooplanktivores; Group 3 were
                 omnivorous; and Group 4 consumed small food sources,
                 such as Nematoda, Corophiidae, and Harpacticidae. The
                 feeding competition index was relatively high within
                 each group, but the competition index for Group 3, the
                 omnivorous fishes, was low. Network analysis and hub
                 scores represented the importance of food sources
                 consumed by each fish species by showing the
                 connections between the fish and their prey.
                 Polychaeta, Actinopterygii, and Decapoda were the most
                 commonly consumed food sources. Food source diversity
                 was high for zooplanktivores (group 2). Additionally,
                 the food contents of each fish species were classified
                 into freshwater and marine sources for identifying the
                 habitats of the food sources. Trophic level measuring
                 values using the data were similar to the reported
                 literature data. This study can be utilized for
                 understanding estuarine ecosystems and identifying food
                 relationships.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Puvanendran:2023:SLT,
  author =       "Velmurugu Puvanendran and {\O}yvind J. Hansen",
  title =        "Short and Long-Term Effects of Early and Late Weaning
                 on \geoname{Atlantic} Cod, \bioname{Gadus morhua}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "312",
  day =          "13",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060312",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/312",
  abstract =     "Studies have shown negative short-term effects of
                 early weaning (EW) in finfish larvae but information on
                 long-term effects of EW on growth and subsequent
                 economic loss is lacking. We evaluated the short- and
                 long-term effects of EW and late weaning (LW) on
                 Atlantic cod. Cod larvae were fed with enriched
                 rotifers from 2 to 35 days post-hatch (dph) and weaning
                 carried out from 21 to 35 dph (EW) or with enriched
                 rotifers from 2 to 29 dph followed by enriched Artemia
                 nauplii from 25 to 56 dph and weaning carried out from
                 45 to 56 dph (LW). At 190 dph, 50 fish from each tank
                 were tagged with an electronic tag and were transferred
                 to sea cages at 10 months old. At the end of 30 months
                 post-hatch, the weight of the fish was recorded. Our
                 results showed a significant short-term effect of the
                 weaning method on the growth of Atlantic cod at 65 dph,
                 but no significant difference at 90 and 190 dph.
                 However, fish from LW showed a significantly higher
                 body weight compared to fish from EW at 30 months
                 post-hatch. A cost analysis indicated substantial
                 benefit for commercial cod farming by using LW and we
                 recommend using LW to gain sizable financial benefit.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Eguiraun:2023:NLA,
  author =       "Harkaitz Eguiraun and Iciar Martinez",
  title =        "Non-Linear Analyses of Fish Behaviours in Response to
                 Aquatic Environmental Pollutants --- a Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "311",
  day =          "12",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060311",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/311",
  abstract =     "Analysis of fish behaviour is an effective way to
                 indirectly identify the presence of environmental
                 pollutants that negatively affect fish life, its
                 production and quality. Monitoring individual and
                 collective behaviours produces large amounts of
                 non-linear data that require tailor-suited
                 computational methods to interpret and manage the
                 information. Fractal dimension (FD) and entropy are two
                 groups of such non-linear analysing methods that serve
                 as indicators of the complexity (FD) and predictability
                 (entropy) of the behaviours. Since behavioural
                 complexity and predictability may be modulated by
                 contaminants, the changes in its FD and entropy values
                 have a clear potential to be embedded in a biological
                 early warning system (BEWS), which may be particularly
                 useful in Precision Fish Farming settings and to
                 monitor wild populations. This work presents a review
                 of the effects of a wide range of environmental
                 contaminants, including toxic compounds, cleaning and
                 disinfecting agents, stimulant (caffeine), anaesthetics
                 and antibiotics, heavy metals (lead, cupper, and
                 mercury), selenium, pesticides and persistent
                 environmental pollutants, on the FD and entropy values
                 of collective and individual behavioural responses of
                 different fish species. All the revised studies
                 demonstrate the usefulness of both FD and entropy to
                 indicate the presence of pollutants and underline the
                 need to consider early changes in the trend of the
                 evolution of their values prior to them becoming
                 significantly different from the control values, i.e.,
                 while it is still possible to identify the contaminant
                 and preserve the health and integrity of the fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:DDI,
  author =       "Yu-Jiao Li and Xin-Liang Wang and Ling-Yu Shi and
                 Zong-Yi Wang and Zi-Ang Zhao and Shu-Chao Ge and Bing
                 Hu",
  title =        "\gene{DUSP2} Deletion Inhibits Macrophage Migration by
                 Inhibiting \gene{ERK} Activation in Zebrafish",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "310",
  day =          "12",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060310",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/310",
  abstract =     "Dual-specificity phosphatase 2 (DUSP2) regulates the
                 activation of members of the mitogen-activated protein
                 kinase (MAPK) family, which is involved in a variety of
                 cellular processes including cell proliferation,
                 differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. DUSP2 also
                 regulates the expression of inflammatory mediators in
                 macrophages; however, it remains unknown whether DUSP2
                 participates in macrophage migration. Here, using the
                 tail fin injury model in zebrafish larvae, we found
                 that the deletion of DUSP2 inhibited the expression of
                 pro-inflammatory cytokines and macrophage chemokines.
                 Moreover, live imaging results showed that the
                 migration of macrophages to the injury site was
                 inhibited after DUSP2 deletion. This inhibitory effect
                 was mediated through the reduced activation of
                 extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) in DUSP2
                 knockout zebrafish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2023:TAR,
  author =       "Tong Wang and Yang Yang and Shirui Gong and Xi Wu and
                 Leilei Zeng and Yuhao Tao and Chaoyue Zhong and Leling
                 Song and Xiaochun Liu",
  title =        "Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Differences in Gene
                 Expression in the Muscle of the Brown-Marbled Grouper
                 (\bioname{Epinephelus fuscoguttatus}) with Different
                 Growth Rates",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "309",
  day =          "08",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060309",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/309",
  abstract =     "Brown-marbled grouper is one of the most important
                 mariculture species in China and is widely used as a
                 crossbreeding parent in the grouper industry. Enhancing
                 growth rates is a key target in fish breeding, and
                 gaining insight into the underlying mechanisms
                 responsible for growth differences between individuals
                 can aid in the improvement of grouper growth rates.
                 However, the mechanism behind growth differences in
                 this fish remains unclear. We analyzed the
                 transcriptome profiles of muscle tissues between fast-
                 and slow-growing brown-marbled grouper using RNA-seq
                 and identified 77 significantly up-regulated genes and
                 92 significantly down-regulated genes in the extreme
                 growth groups. Our findings suggest that up-regulated
                 genes such as ghr and tnni2, as well as down-regulated
                 genes such as stc2 and pdp1, are associated with growth
                 advantages in brown-marbled grouper. We used
                 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for GO and KEGG
                 enrichment analyses. The results of the GO enrichments
                 showed that the significantly up-regulated genes in the
                 fast-growing group were involved in protein folding,
                 the actin cytoskeleton, the myosin complex, and other
                 processes. The results of the KEGG enrichments showed
                 that the significantly up-regulated genes in the
                 fast-growing group were involved in various pathways
                 such as glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, adipocytokine
                 signaling, MAPK signaling, carbon metabolism, and
                 PI3K-Akt signaling. Additionally, gene set enrichment
                 analysis (GSEA) showed that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
                 was up-regulated in the fast-growing group, which may
                 be responsible for the higher nutrient absorption
                 efficiency and muscle growth in these fish. Our results
                 contribute to a better understanding of the molecular
                 mechanisms and regulatory pathways underlying fast
                 growth in brown-marbled grouper. However, further
                 studies are necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms
                 behind growth differences between individuals.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Segarra:2023:IRA,
  author =       "Sergi Segarra and Thanh Chau and Phuc Hoang and Loc
                 Tran",
  title =        "Immunoregulation and Resistance to Aquatic Pathogens
                 with Dietary Nucleotides in \geoname{Pacific} White
                 Shrimp, \bioname{Litopenaeus vannamei}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "308",
  day =          "08",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060308",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/308",
  abstract =     "Using vegetable protein sources as a replacement for
                 fish meal (FM) in the diet of Pacific white shrimp
                 (PWS) has a negative impact on their health. Acute
                 hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), caused by
                 Vibrio parahaemolyticus, affects PWS and causes
                 financial losses. Nucleotides modulate the immune
                 response and could contribute to counteracting these
                 issues. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of
                 nucleotide supplementation on performance, immune
                 response, and survival when challenged with V.
                 parahaemolyticus, in PWS receiving a diet with FM
                 partially replaced with vegetable protein sources. A
                 feeding trial (1000 PWS; 56 days) and a challenge trial
                 (600 PWS; 10 days) were performed using diets with
                 different FM inclusion levels (26\%, 23.4\%, 22.1\%,
                 and 20.8\%), with or without 0.1\% nucleotides. A
                 non-challenged, non-supplemented group was also used in
                 the challenge trial. Adding nucleotides to diets with
                 reduced FM allowed significantly better results in
                 growth performance parameters and total hemocyte count
                 (THC). In the challenge trial, compared to control,
                 nucleotide supplementation led to significantly higher
                 THC and survival rate 15 h post-challenge. In
                 conclusion, adding nucleotides to PWS diets improves
                 their immune response and resistance to aquatic
                 pathogens, allowing FM to be replaced by vegetable
                 protein sources without negatively affecting
                 performance.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Iskandar:2023:ECD,
  author =       "Nur Syuhada Iskandar and Noorashikin Md Noor and Zaidi
                 Che Cob and Simon Kumar Das",
  title =        "Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Its Impact on Growth,
                 Blood Properties, and Vertebral Column of Freshwater
                 Fish Mahseer, \bioname{Tor tambroides} Juveniles",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "307",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060307",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/307",
  abstract =     "The level of carbon dioxide, which resembles water
                 acidification, is critical to the success of juvenile
                 fish production. The growth, skeletal deformities, and
                 blood parameters of the economically important
                 freshwater fish mahseer, Tor tambroides, were assessed
                 in different concentrations of pCO 2 (400, 700, and
                 1000 {\SGMLmicro}atm pCO 2). The highest growth
                 properties (survival rate, body weight gain (BWG),
                 specific growth rate (SGR)) in mahseer were observed at
                 400 {\SGMLmicro}atm, whereas the lowest growth indices
                 were found in the treatment of 1000 {\SGMLmicro}atm pCO
                 2. The lowest pCO 2 concentration was found to be
                 within the optimum healthy blood parameter range. The
                 fish exposed to acidic conditions (700 and 1000
                 {\SGMLmicro}atm) exhibited considerably higher levels
                 of haemoglobin and haematocrit compared to the control
                 fish. Glucose levels were significantly lower in the
                 acidic conditions, while total cholesterol levels in
                 mahseer fish exposed to acidic conditions were higher.
                 The fish displayed skeleton malformations as the
                 concentration of pCO 2 was elevated. The findings from
                 this research could be set as a standard technique in
                 the juvenile rearing of mahseer fish under acidified
                 conditions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pereira:2023:SEC,
  author =       "Luciana A. Pereira and Leandro Castello and Donald J.
                 Orth and Fabrice Duponchelle and Eric M. Hallerman",
  title =        "A Synthesis of the Ecology and Conservation of
                 \bioname{Pseudoplatystoma} Catfishes in the
                 Neotropics",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "306",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060306",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/306",
  abstract =     "Species of the genus Pseudoplatystoma, the
                 long-whiskered catfishes, are important in commercial
                 and recreational fisheries in South America, and some
                 species have become key to regional aquaculture. Some
                 species of the genus are under pressure due to
                 overfishing and the negative impacts of dams. Six
                 questions are asked in this review: (i) What species
                 are in the genus, and where are they distributed? (ii)
                 What are the life histories and ecologies of
                 Pseudoplatystoma species? (iii) What are the patterns
                 of somatic growth for these species? (iv) What is known
                 about the biomass, production, and population dynamics
                 of Pseudoplatystoma? (v) What is the geographic
                 distribution of genetic variation within
                 Pseudoplatystoma species? (vi) What are the threats to
                 the conservation of these species? The taxonomy of the
                 genus currently includes eight species, respectively,
                 distributed over the Orinoco, Amazon, Paran{\'a}, and
                 S{\~a}o Francisco basins. Pseudoplatystoma catfishes
                 typically exhibit longitudinal migrations for
                 reproduction and lateral migration for feeding, but
                 these patterns may vary among populations. The size of
                 the first maturation of these catfishes varies between
                 57 cm to 82 cm in total length. Five of the eight
                 species spawn during the rising water season.
                 Pseudoplatystoma species can grow to about 130 cm in
                 total length and 100 Kg in weight and live until 30
                 years of age, depending upon the species. Biomass
                 production and population dynamics of these catfishes
                 have not yet been fully described. Their life-history
                 characteristics indicate that they are periodic
                 strategists with associated population recruitment
                 dynamics. Population genetic patterning varies among
                 Pseudoplatystoma species, with some degree of homing
                 behavior and genetic differentiation among populations,
                 indicating the need for management by applying the
                 Management Unit and perhaps Evolutionary Significant
                 Unit concepts. The main threats to the persistence of
                 these catfishes are overfishing and alterations in and
                 obstruction of river flow due to the construction of
                 hydropower dams. After synthesizing existing
                 information on species of the genus Pseudoplatystoma,
                 we offer suggestions for future research to fill
                 critical gaps in the knowledge of this group.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kruze:2023:PDI,
  author =       "Eriks Kruze and Andris Avotins and Loreta Rozenfelde
                 and Ivars Putnis and Ivo Sics and Laura Briekmane and
                 Jens Olsson",
  title =        "The Population Development of the Invasive Round Goby
                 \bioname{Neogobius melanostomus} in \geoname{Latvian
                 Waters} of the \geoname{Baltic Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "305",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060305",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/305",
  abstract =     "The invasive round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) was
                 established in the coastal waters of the Baltic Sea in
                 the early 1990s. The first observation of the species
                 in Latvian waters was in 2004. In the intervening
                 period, the population grew, the species became of
                 significance for local fisheries, and it likely
                 impacted the local ecosystem in the Baltic Sea. In this
                 study, we characterize the spatial--temporal population
                 development of round goby in Latvian coastal waters
                 using data from three different scientific and
                 fisheries-independent surveys. We also include data
                 from commercial fisheries landings to describe the
                 fisheries targeting the species. Our results suggest an
                 exponential increase in population numbers of round
                 goby in Latvian waters, peaking in 2018, followed by a
                 sharp decline. This observation is also supported by
                 data from commercial fisheries landings. We suggest
                 that intensive commercial fishing had a considerable
                 impact on the rapid decline of the species, but that
                 the decline was potentially amplified through a wider
                 scale decline, as observed in many areas of the Baltic
                 Sea. The results of this study contribute to the
                 knowledge base on the species and how fisheries can aid
                 in limiting the development of invasive fish
                 populations. Based on the results of the study, we also
                 provide recommendations for better future monitoring of
                 the species in the coastal waters of the Baltic Sea.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Quintanilla-Pineda:2023:PNP,
  author =       "Mario Quintanilla-Pineda and Jes{\'u}s D{\'\i}az and
                 Ana Guti{\'e}rrez-Falcon and Francisco C. Iba{\~n}ez
                 and Florencio Marzo",
  title =        "Profiling a New Postbiotic Product for Its Application
                 in Fish Aquaculture",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "304",
  day =          "06",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060304",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/304",
  abstract =     "Weissella cibaria is a lactic acid bacteria that has
                 been receiving great interest in the last decade;
                 however, its research into aquaculture remains
                 insufficient. In this context, the resistance to pH
                 3--5, bile salts (10--20\%), hydrophobicity, and
                 carbohydrate metabolisms of two W. cibaria strains
                 isolated from rainbow trout were evaluated. At the same
                 time, the postbiotic products of both W. cibaria were
                 produced under different conditions, and their
                 stability to heat (95--130 {$^\circ $}C) and
                 proteolytic enzymes were determined. The low pH
                 sensitivity of two pathogens (Aeromonas salmonicida
                 subsp. salmonicida and Yersinia ruckeri) was also
                 recorded. Both strains of W. cibaria survived pH and
                 bile salt treatments. Neither expressed enzymatic
                 activity or hydrophobic characteristics with the
                 executed methods. Treatment with heat, enzymes, and
                 transfer to vegetal broth significantly reduced (p
                 {$<$} 0.05) the postbiotic product's antibacterial
                 activity. On the other hand, no significant difference
                 (p {$<$} 0.05) was reported in antibacterial
                 characteristics when postbiotics were produced by
                 coculturing both strains. Low pH does not significantly
                 influence pathogen growth (p {$<$} 0.05). Our findings
                 suggest that the studied strains do not adjust as
                 probiotics, but the postbiotic product obtained from
                 them could become a promising tool as a supplement food
                 for fish aquaculture applications.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Molina:2023:HTS,
  author =       "Alfredo Molina and Phillip Dettleff and Valentina
                 Valenzuela-Mu{\~n}oz and Cristian Gallardo-Escarate and
                 Juan Antonio Vald{\'e}s",
  title =        "High-Temperature Stress Induces Autophagy in Rainbow
                 Trout Skeletal Muscle",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "6",
  pages =        "303",
  day =          "06",
  month =        jun,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060303",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:43 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/6/303",
  abstract =     "Ectothermic animals, such as teleosts, have
                 increasingly been exposed to stressful high-temperature
                 events due to global warming. Currently, the effects of
                 thermal stress on skeletal muscle, a key tissue for
                 fish growth, are unknown. This study examined the
                 impact of high-temperature stress on the skeletal
                 muscle transcriptome of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus
                 mykiss) in control (15 {$^\circ $}C) and
                 high-temperature (20 {$^\circ $}C) conditions.
                 Additionally, we examined the plasmatic levels of
                 cortisol, glucose, and creatine kinase activity, and
                 examined oxidative damage and autophagy activation in
                 skeletal muscle. High-temperature stress induced
                 significant increases in cortisol and glucose plasmatic
                 levels. Nevertheless, no changes were observed in
                 creatine kinase activity in plasma and skeletal muscle
                 oxidation. Skeletal muscle RNA was isolated and
                 sequenced using the HiSeq Illumina platform. A total of
                 383,796,290 reads were mapped onto the reference
                 rainbow trout genome. The transcriptomic analysis
                 showed that 293 genes were upregulated in the
                 high-temperature group, mainly associated with
                 autophagosome assembly, amino acid transport, and the
                 glutamine metabolic process. On the other hand, 119
                 genes were downregulated in the high-temperature group,
                 mainly associated with digestion, proteolysis, and the
                 muscle contraction process. In addition, RT-qPCR of
                 differentially expressed representative genes and
                 Western blot analysis of LC3-II/LC3-I levels confirmed
                 skeletal muscle autophagy induced by high temperature.
                 This study sheds light on intriguing facets of the
                 adaptive response of rainbow trout skeletal muscle to
                 high-temperature stress and provides significant
                 insights into the physiology of autophagy in
                 teleosts.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ferreira:2023:CLL,
  author =       "In{\^e}s Ferreira and Felippe A. Daros and Cl{\'a}udia
                 Moreira and Diana Feij{\'o} and Alberto Rocha and Ana
                 Mendez-Vicente and Jorge Pisonero and Alberto Teodorico
                 Correia",
  title =        "Is \bioname{Chelidonichthys lucerna} ({Linnaeus},
                 1758) a Marine Estuarine-Dependent Fish? {Insights}
                 from Saccular Otolith Microchemistry",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "383",
  day =          "24",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070383",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/383",
  abstract =     "Tub gurnard, Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus, 1758),
                 is a Mediterranean-Atlantic benthic species usually
                 captured as by-catch by Portuguese traditional
                 fisheries and considered the most important commercial
                 fish species of the family Triglidae. However, to date,
                 little is known about its habitat residency and whether
                 the species can be considered a marine
                 estuarine-dependent fish. Otolith microchemistry has
                 proven effective in providing information about fish
                 movement patterns throughout different water
                 salinities. In this study, core-to-edge transects of
                 Sr:Ca in the fish saccular otoliths of 35 juveniles of
                 C. lucerna captured in March 2007 by a scientific
                 survey along the Portuguese coast were used to assess
                 the species movement between brackish and marine
                 waters. Data suggest that most individuals (97\%) have
                 an estuarine-dependent profile, with 63\% showing a
                 clear presence in marine waters during the early life
                 history periods. Evidence of an estuarine residence
                 throughout the fish life cycle was found in only 3\% of
                 individuals. Ba:Ca profiles did not reflect an inverse
                 relationship with Sr:Ca salinity results but
                 corroborated findings from other authors about the
                 influence of upwelling processes and freshwater runoffs
                 on Ba incorporation into the otoliths of coastal fish.
                 Furthermore, the data also showed that C. lucerna can
                 occupy and migrate among habitats with diverse salinity
                 degrees, showing high environmental plasticity and
                 adaptation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Vehanen:2023:PIC,
  author =       "Teppo Vehanen and Tapio Sutela and Ari Huusko",
  title =        "Potential Impact of Climate Change on Salmonid Smolt
                 Ecology",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "382",
  day =          "24",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070382",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/382",
  abstract =     "The migratory life history of anadromous salmonids
                 requires successful migration between nursery, feeding,
                 and spawning habitats. Smolting is the major
                 transformation anadromous salmonids undergo before
                 migration to feeding areas. It prepares juvenile fish
                 for downstream migration and their entry to seawater.
                 We reviewed the effects of climate change on smolt
                 ecology from the growth of juveniles in fresh water to
                 early post-smolts in the sea to identify the potential
                 effects of climate change on migratory salmonid
                 populations during this period in their life history.
                 The focus was especially on Atlantic salmon. The shift
                 in suitable thermal conditions caused by climate change
                 results in Atlantic salmon expanding their range
                 northward, while at the southern edge of their
                 distribution, populations struggle with high
                 temperatures and occasional droughts. Climatic
                 conditions, particularly warmer temperatures, affect
                 growth during the freshwater river phase. Better growth
                 in northern latitudes leads to earlier smolting.
                 Thermal refuges, the areas of cooler water in the
                 river, are important for salmonids impacted by climate
                 change. Restoring and maintaining connectivity and a
                 suitably diverse mosaic habitat in rivers are important
                 for survival and growth throughout the range. The start
                 of the smolt migration has shifted earlier as a
                 response to rising water temperatures, which has led to
                 concerns about a mismatch with optimal conditions for
                 post-smolts in the sea, decreasing their survival. A
                 wide smolt window allowing all migrating phenotypes
                 from early to late migrants' safe access to the sea is
                 important in changing environmental conditions. This is
                 also true for regulated rivers, where flow regulation
                 practices cause selection pressures on migrating
                 salmonid phenotypes. The freshwater life history also
                 affects marine survival, and better collaboration
                 across life stages and habitats is necessary among
                 researchers and managers to boost smolt production in
                 rivers. Proactive measures are recommended against
                 population declines, including sustainable land use in
                 the catchment, maintaining a diverse mosaic of habitats
                 for salmonids, restoring flow and connectivity, and
                 conserving key habitats.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Baudoin:2023:AAV,
  author =       "Brooke A. Baudoin and Bonnie L. Brown and Robin D.
                 Calfee and Jill A. Jenkins",
  title =        "Amino Acid Variation at the Mitochondrial Binding Site
                 of {Antimycin A} is Proposed to Reflect Sensitivity and
                 Toxicity Differences among Fish Species",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "381",
  day =          "22",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070381",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/381",
  abstract =     "To better understand differential sensitivities among
                 fish species to the piscicidal compound Antimycin-A
                 (ANT-A), we hypothesized that variations in amino acids
                 at the ANT-A binding site may reflect toxicity
                 differences. Protein sequences for six motifs
                 comprising the ANT-A binding site were obtained and
                 compared for invasive carp species (N = 515) and seven
                 non-target species (N = 277); a consensus was
                 delineated from each species. The carp species, Common
                 Carp (Cyprinus carpio), Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys
                 molitrix), Bighead Carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis),
                 Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), and Black Carp
                 (Mylopharyngodon piceus), showed the same amino acids
                 at the site; thus, it was termed the carp consensus
                 motif sequence (CCM). Channel Catfish (Ictalurus
                 punctatus) showed the most amino acid polymorphisms,
                 with three motifs 96--100\% different from CCM. Within
                 a species, Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and Fathead
                 Minnow (Pimephales promelas) variation per motif was
                 most dissimilar (46.7\% and 21.6\%, respectively).
                 Organismal mortality data from the literature indicated
                 Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens), Walleye (Sander
                 vitreus), and American Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma
                 cepedianum) to be most sensitive to the piscicide,
                 Catfish least sensitive, and all others intermediate.
                 The protein sequence variations of the binding site
                 appeared to be in accord with organismal sensitivity
                 categories when they differed from the CCM; the motifs
                 in Gizzard Shad and Walleye were the same as in CCM.
                 The physical/chemical nature of ANT-A is important to
                 consider in organismal response comparisons. This
                 cellular approach of studying ANT-A binding at its
                 target enzyme is a non-destructive way to predict
                 piscicidal efficacy of ANT-A against fishes of
                 interest, informs management decisions in control
                 efforts for invasives, and can be used to forecast
                 effects on sympatric species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sibiya:2023:BPG,
  author =       "Ashokkumar Sibiya and Khalid A. Al-Ghanim and
                 Marimuthu Govindarajan and Marcello Nicoletti and
                 Nadezhda Sachivkina and Baskaralingam Vaseeharan",
  title =        "Biochemical Patterns and Genotoxicity of the Endocrine
                 Disruptor Metformin in the Freshwater Fish
                 \bioname{Labeo rohita}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "380",
  day =          "22",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070380",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/380",
  abstract =     "Metformin is one of the most extensively used drugs,
                 making it one of the most likely endocrine disruptors
                 in the environment, which may negatively affect fish
                 and other freshwater animals. Still, there is a dearth
                 of studies examining metformin's impact on freshwater
                 creatures, like fish. This research aimed to identify
                 the biochemical and genotoxicity effects of the
                 endocrine disruptor metformin in the freshwater fish
                 Labeo rohita at ecologically appropriate doses.
                 Metformin's toxicity was evaluated by subjecting L.
                 rohita to the drug over 28 days at two dosages (40
                 {\SGMLmicro}g/L to 80 {\SGMLmicro}g/L). The results
                 indicated that 40 {\SGMLmicro}g/L and 80
                 {\SGMLmicro}g/L of metformin caused an increase in
                 reactive oxygen species and the generation of free
                 radicals in the body of L. rohita, which in turn caused
                 impairment and alterations in total hemoglobin, red
                 blood corpuscles, white blood corpuscles, oxidative
                 stress, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl activity,
                 respiratory burst activity, myeloperoxidase activity,
                 and lysozyme activity. In addition, animals treated
                 with the maximum metformin dose (80 {\SGMLmicro}g/L)
                 demonstrated substantial DNA damage in the genotoxicity
                 experiment. Metformin's endocrine-disrupting actions
                 may have unintended ramifications for the well-being of
                 aquatic species in their natural habitats. Results of
                 the study demonstrated a serious concern that metformin
                 exposure might be harmful to aquatic life.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wu:2023:CBE,
  author =       "Jinming Wu and Jinping Wu and Huan Ye and Wei Xiong
                 and Wanmin Qu and Xiaoqian Leng and Hao Du",
  title =        "Correlations between Environmental Factors and the
                 Distribution of Juvenile \bioname{Hucho bleekeri} in
                 the \geoname{Taibai River, Shaanxi, China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "379",
  day =          "21",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070379",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/379",
  abstract =     "Sichuan taimen (Hucho bleekeri) is a national highly
                 protected wild animal that faces significant impacts
                 from habitat degradation and loss. To study the habitat
                 selection by H. bleekeri, data on the Taibai River and
                 the distribution of juvenile H. bleekeri were recorded
                 seasonally between February 2017 and January 2018, and
                 habitat selection was assessed using the suitability
                 curve method. The results indicate that the average
                 distribution density of juvenile H. bleekeri in the
                 Taibai River is 0.08 {\pm} 0.09 ind./m, with an optimal
                 elevation range from 1200 to 1600 m, river sinuosity
                 range from 1.0 to 1.2, and vegetation coverage between
                 0.7 and 1.0. When choosing a microhabitat, juvenile H.
                 bleekeri individuals tend to inhabit water areas with a
                 water depth of 0.65 {\pm} 0.33 m, flow velocity of 0.50
                 {\pm} 0.24 m/s, and offshore distance of 7.66 {\pm}
                 4.25 m. Furthermore, smaller juvenile fish prefer
                 nearshore habitats with lower flow velocities and
                 shallower water depths. The results provide technical
                 support for the protection and restoration of the
                 habitat of H. bleekeri.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yuan:2023:MCE,
  author =       "Shuya Yuan and Zhaosheng Sun and Qian Gao and Zhen Li
                 and Zhitao Qi and Sidi Zheng and Danjie Liu",
  title =        "Molecular Characterization and Expression Analysis of
                 \gene{NLRC3}-like, {ASC}, and \gene{Caspase1} in
                 Spotted Sea Bass (\bioname{Lateolabrax maculatus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "378",
  day =          "21",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070378",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/378",
  abstract =     "Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like
                 receptor (NLR) family members are innate immune sensors
                 involved in the recognition of highly conserved
                 pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
                 Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) is a
                 critical adaptor molecule in multiple inflammasome
                 protein complexes, mediating inflammation and host
                 defense. Caspase1, an inflammatory caspase, has been
                 documented to play important roles in the innate immune
                 system. In this study, we identified and characterized
                 NLRC3-like, ASC, and Caspase1 (referred to as Lm
                 NLRC3L, Lm ASC, and Lm Caspase1) from the spotted sea
                 bass (Lateolabrax maculatus). A sequence analysis
                 revealed that Lm NLRC3L, Lm ASC, and Lm Caspase1 shared
                 similar features with their fish counterparts. Lm
                 NLRC3L contained a FISNA domain, a NACHT domain, and
                 four LRR motifs, followed by a C-terminal fish-specific
                 B30.2 domain. Lm ASC possessed a PYRIN domain for
                 interacting with inflammasome sensor proteins, as well
                 as a CARD domain. Lm Caspase1 had a CARD domain at its
                 N-terminus and a CASC domain at its C-terminus. These
                 three genes were ubiquitously distributed in the liver,
                 spleen, head kidney, gill, intestine, skin, muscle, and
                 brain. They share similar expression patterns, and all
                 demonstrate the highest level of expression in the
                 gill. We analyzed the expression changes in genes in
                 the spleen, gill, and head kidney after stimulation
                 experiments in vivo. After lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
                 stimulation, the expression levels of these three genes
                 were significantly upregulated in the short term,
                 followed by significant downregulation at 48 and 72 h
                 in some examined tissues. Following Edwardsiella tarda
                 infection, these three genes were upregulated in
                 various tissues. However, the expressions of these
                 three genes were not affected by
                 polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C))
                 stimulation. Overall, our results indicate that these
                 three genes are involved in the immune response against
                 bacterial infection in the spotted sea bass, providing
                 the foothold for understanding the immune function and
                 mechanism of the fish inflammasome.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2023:AIA,
  author =       "Yadong Zhang and Abubakar Shitu and Shengyu Hang and
                 Zhangying Ye and Wen Xu and Hangfang Zhao and Jian Zhao
                 and Songming Zhu",
  title =        "Assessing the Impacts of Aquaculture Soundscapes on
                 the Growth, Physiology and Behavior of
                 \bioname{Micropterus salmoides}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "377",
  day =          "21",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070377",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/377",
  abstract =     "Sound has a potential impact on animal welfare and
                 production, but the impacts of soundscapes on
                 aquaculture species in different aquaculture production
                 systems have been rarely studied. This study
                 investigated the impact of varying aquaculture
                 soundscapes on largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).
                 Three soundscapes were administered to replicated
                 tanks: Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS:107.7 dB
                 re 1 Pa RMS), In-Pond Raceway System (IPRS:115.1 dB re
                 1 Pa RMS), and Ambient (70.4 dB re 1 Pa RMS) as the
                 control. The initial weight of fish in the three groups
                 was 3.59 {\pm} 0.30 g. Following a 50-day experimental
                 period, the average weight of the Ambient group (14.08
                 {\pm} 0.13 g) was significantly greater than that of
                 the IPRS group (12.79 {\pm} 0.08 g) (p {$<$} 0.05).
                 Examination of physiological samples revealed that the
                 soundscape negatively impacted the fish's
                 immunological, anti-oxidation, and digestive enzymes.
                 Furthermore, the external noise also influenced the
                 locomotive patterns of the fish aggregations. Fish
                 polarity and cohesion were significantly more discrete
                 (p {$<$} 0.05) in both the RAS (47.79 {\pm}
                 {2.34$^\circ $} and 98.52 {\pm} 3.22 mm) and IPRS
                 groups (48.04 {\pm} {0.70$^\circ $} and 87.70 {\pm}
                 7.31 mm) compared to the Ambient group (42.76 {\pm}
                 {1.42$^\circ $} and 85.73 {\pm} 1.57 mm). These results
                 highlight the significant impacts of the aquaculture
                 soundscape on the development, physiological
                 activities, and behavioral traits of largemouth bass.
                 Future research should focus on determining and
                 optimizing the impact of different equipment noise to
                 ensure optimal welfare and production performance in
                 aquaculture systems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2023:RTL,
  author =       "Jiaming Wang and Xiangbo Yin and Guodong Li",
  title =        "A Real-Time Lightweight Detection Algorithm for Deck
                 Crew and the Use of Fishing Nets Based on Improved
                 {YOLOv5s} Network",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "376",
  day =          "20",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070376",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/376",
  abstract =     "A real-time monitoring system for the operational
                 status of fishing vessels is an essential element for
                 the modernization of the fishing industry. The
                 operational status of fishing vessels can be identified
                 by using onboard cameras to detect the deck crew and
                 the use of fishing nets. Due to the typically limited
                 processing capacity of shipboard equipment and the
                 significant memory consumption of detection models,
                 general target detection models are unable to perform
                 real-time image detection to identify the operational
                 status of fishing vessels. In this paper, we propose a
                 lightweight real-time deck crew and the use of a
                 fishing net detection method, YOLOv5s-SGC. It is based
                 on the YOLOv5s model, which uses surveillance cameras
                 to obtain video of fishing vessels operating at sea and
                 enhances the dataset. YOLOv5s-SGC replaces the backbone
                 of YOLOv5s with ShuffleNetV2, replaces the feature
                 fusion network with a modified Generalized-FPN, and
                 adds the CBAM attention module in front of the
                 detection head.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Esposito:2023:MCS,
  author =       "Ana{\"\i}s Esposito and Jean-Jos{\'e} Filippi and
                 Charlotte Gerbaud and Quentin Godeaux and R{\'e}mi
                 Millot and Paul-Jean Agostini and Camille Albertini and
                 Eric Durieux and Jos{\'e}phine Foata and Yann
                 Quilichini",
  title =        "Macroparasite Communities with Special Attention to
                 Invasive Helminths in \geoname{European} Eels
                 \bioname{Anguilla anguilla} from Freshwaters and
                 Brackish Lagoons of a \geoname{Mediterranean} Island",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "375",
  day =          "20",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070375",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/375",
  abstract =     "An extensive survey of macroparasites in 320 European
                 eel Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) was conducted in
                 two brackish lagoons and eleven freshwater localities
                 in the Mediterranean island of Corsica (France) between
                 spring 2021 and winter 2021--2022. It resulted in the
                 identification of nineteen parasites: two Monogea, four
                 Digenea, one Copepoda, four Acanthocephala, three
                 Cestoda, and five Nematoda, including the first
                 geographical records, as Corsican freshwater sites were
                 studied for the first time. The silvering stage was
                 determined, and the eels were aged through
                 otolithometry to compare parasite communities. Classic
                 parasitology indices, a multivariate analysis, and an
                 analysis of indicator values (IndVal) showed clear
                 preferences towards the host's habitat and salinity.
                 Seasonal variations were shown for several parasites. A
                 dataset from the same two coastal lagoons was used to
                 study the changes in the parasite communities over the
                 last decade, and this showed an increase in the
                 prevalence and abundance of three invasive helminth
                 species: the Monogenea Pseudodactylogyrus bini
                 (Kikuchi, 1929), Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae (Yin and
                 Sproston, 1948) Gusev, 1965 and the Nematoda
                 Anguillicola crassus Kuwahara, Niimi, and Itagaki,
                 1974. These pathogenic parasites were found in all
                 sampled localities, except for the two Monogenea in the
                 polyhaline-to-euhaline Urbino lagoon. It is thus
                 advised that future management measures take into
                 account the environmental preferences of the most
                 concerning parasites.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{deAguiar:2023:EDP,
  author =       "Gustavo Augusto Carvalho Costacurta de Aguiar and
                 Cristiana Leonor da Silva Carneiro and Daniel Abreu
                 Vasconcelos Campelo and Rafael Costa Teixeira Rusth and
                 Jo{\~a}o Felipe Ribeiro Maciel and Bernardo
                 Baldisserotto and Jener Alexandre Sampaio Zuanon and
                 Alexmiliano Vogel de Oliveira and Maria Goreti de
                 Almeida Oliveira and Mariella Bontempo Duca de Freitas
                 and Wilson Massamitu Furuya and Ana L{\'u}cia Salaro",
  title =        "Effects of Dietary Peppermint (\bioname{Mentha
                 piperita}) Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Plasma
                 Biochemistry, Digestive Enzyme Activity, and Oxidative
                 Stress Responses in Juvenile \geoname{Nile} Tilapia
                 (\bioname{Oreochromis niloticus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "374",
  day =          "20",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070374",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/374",
  abstract =     "This study aimed to evaluate the supplementation of
                 peppermint essential oil (Mentha piperita; PEO) in
                 diets for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis
                 niloticus). A feeding experiment with diets containing
                 graded levels (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 g kg
                 {$-$1}) of PEO was carried out with fish of 0.58 {\pm}
                 0.08 g. The inclusion of graded levels of PEO in the
                 diet improved the weight gain (0.52 g kg {$-$1}), feed
                 intake (0.51 g kg {$-$1}), and feed conversion (0.51 g
                 kg {$-$1}) of juvenile Nile tilapia in a quadratic
                 pattern. Increasing levels of PEO also led to a linear
                 decrease in body lipid content. The gut activity of the
                 digestive enzymes amylase (0.54 g kg {$-$1}) and
                 protease (0.39 g kg {$-$1}) increased quadratically,
                 whereas lipase activity increased linearly. PEO
                 increased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes
                 catalase (CAT; 0.52 g kg {$-$1}) and superoxide
                 dismutase (SOD; 0.58 g kg {$-$1}) while reducing the
                 production of malonaldehyde (MDA; 0.40 g kg {$-$1}) and
                 nitric oxide (NO; 0.63 g kg {$-$1}) in the liver. The
                 results of this study provide evidence of the
                 beneficial effects of PEO on the growth and health of
                 Nile tilapia and recommend a dose of 0.6 g kg {$-$1} as
                 the optimal level of supplementation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Adachi:2023:GPS,
  author =       "Aisni M. C. L. Adachi and Pollyana C. G. Roque and
                 Fabio H. V. Hazin and Marcelo Vianna and Matheus M.
                 Rotundo and Claudio Oliveira and Fausto Foresti and
                 Vanessa P. Cruz",
  title =        "Genetic Population Structure and Diversity of the
                 Whitetail Dogfish \bioname{Squalus albicaudus}
                 ({Chondrichthyes, Squaliformes}) along the
                 \geoname{Brazilian Coast} as Identified by {SNP}
                 Markers",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "373",
  day =          "20",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070373",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/373",
  abstract =     "The shark Squalus albicaudus, categorized by the
                 International Union for Conservation of Nature red list
                 as Data Deficient due to lack of minimal information
                 for classification, is distributed throughout the
                 Brazilian coast. High pressures such as overfishing and
                 anthropic activities, as well as certain biological
                 characteristics, including k strategists, comprise
                 influential shark stocks reduction agents. However,
                 genetic diversity, population structure, connectivity,
                 and effective population size data are still limited
                 for S. albicaudus, indicating the need for further
                 studies. In this context, the genetic variability and
                 population structure of S. albicaudus were investigated
                 herein to test for panmixia. Samples were obtained from
                 coasts of the Brazilian states of Pernambuco, Rio de
                 Janeiro, and S{\~a}o Paulo along the species
                 distribution range, and single nucleotide polymorphisms
                 (SNPs) were assessed by the ddRADseq method. The
                 findings revealed a panmitic S. albicaudus population,
                 explained by certain life strategies, such as polyandry
                 and migratory behavior. Based on the genomic findings
                 reported herein, a single S. albicaudus population
                 should be considered in the study area, indicating the
                 need for specific management and conservation plans at
                 the regional scale.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wu:2023:CPC,
  author =       "Yingru Wu and Qi Du and Yueqin Liao and Shanshan Shui
                 and Jie Pang and Soottawat Benjakul and Bin Zhang",
  title =        "Changes in Physicochemical Characteristics and
                 Volatile Flavor Compounds of Brine-Preserved
                 Ready-to-Eat Shrimp (\bioname{Solenocera crassicornis})
                 during Chilled Storage",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "372",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070372",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/372",
  abstract =     "This study aimed to explore the changes in the quality
                 of ready-to-eat peeled shrimp (Solenocera crassicornis)
                 during chilled storage. The cooked shrimp were soaked
                 in hermetically sealed jars, which were treated by
                 three soaking methods: distilled water; 4\% NaCl
                 solution; and 4\% NaCl, 0.34\% citric acid, 4.23\%
                 trehalose, and 0.04\% VC solution (defined as the
                 control, experimental 1 (E1), and experimental 2 (E2)
                 groups, respectively). The shelf-life of the E2 group
                 was 20 days longer than that of the control group.
                 Sensory scores, color, and textural results confirmed
                 the E2 group exhibited better sensory scores and color,
                 and the degradation of the physical structure of shrimp
                 muscle was delayed during chilled storage. In addition,
                 the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), total viable
                 count (TVC), and thiobarbituric acid reactive
                 substances (TBARS) of shrimp muscle in each group all
                 showed an increasing trend, but these values were
                 significantly lower in the E2 group than those in the
                 control and E1 groups during chilled storage. The
                 results of gas chromatography--ion mobility
                 spectrometry (GC--IMS) and principal components
                 analysis (PCA) showed that the volatile organic
                 compounds (VOCs) in the three groups of RTE shrimp
                 muscle changed, but small changes in VOCs were observed
                 in E2 during chilled storage. These results provide new
                 ideas and references for peeled shrimp product
                 development and quality assurance technology.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Furtado:2023:HCL,
  author =       "Maura da Silva Costa Furtado and Joaquim Carlos
                 Barbosa Queiroz and Bianca Bentes and Edson Koiti Kudo
                 Yasojima and D{\'e}bora de Oliveira Thomaz and Larissa
                 da Costa Pinheiro and Mauro Luis Ruffino and Victoria
                 Isaac",
  title =        "The Hydrological Cycle of the \geoname{Lower Amazon in
                 Brazil} Determines the Variation in Local Fishing
                 Patterns",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "371",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070371",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/371",
  abstract =     "Fishery catches on the Lower Amazon River were
                 analyzed in relation to the hydrological cycle,
                 temporal shifts in fishing effort, and the use of nets
                 or lines in lakes and rivers. The study was based on a
                 temporal series of catch data collected between January
                 1993 and June 2011. The variables analyzed were the
                 total catch, use of gillnets or lines, the environment
                 targeted (lakes or rivers), and fishing effort.
                 Temporal trends in the data series were analyzed using
                 the Mann--Kendall test. An Analysis of Covariance
                 (ANCOVA) was used to evaluate whether gillnet and line
                 catches had independent effects on the catch data.
                 Duncan's test was applied to identify the groups
                 (months) of means that were significantly different
                 from each other. The majority of the catch landings
                 were taken with gillnets (98.65\%) in a lake
                 environment (64.98\%). The temporal series showed a
                 significant decline over time in the gillnet catches
                 from both lakes and rivers, as well as in fishing
                 effort. The influence of the annual flood cycle was
                 reflected in the catches and the flood pulse regulated
                 fishing productivity patterns in the region. The
                 fishers who adapt their activities to this flood pulse
                 have good traditional knowledge of the environment. The
                 results of the study also indicated that any changes in
                 this dynamic system may impact traditional local
                 fisheries and affect the economic wellbeing of local
                 fisher populations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Guo:2023:IEC,
  author =       "Ruijie Guo and Kai Yu and Kai Huang and Qiang Lin and
                 Ting Liu",
  title =        "Immunoprotective Effect of \bioname{Coptis
                 chinensis}-Supplemented Diet on \bioname{Streptococcus
                 agalactiae} Infection in Tilapia",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "370",
  day =          "19",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070370",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/370",
  abstract =     "This study aimed to investigate the immunoprotective
                 effect of Coptis chinensis (CC) on Streptococcus
                 agalactiae (SA) infection in tilapia. Experimental fish
                 were randomly divided into two groups feeding on a
                 normal diet (ND) and a CC-supplemented diet (CCD) for 2
                 weeks and then injected with SA. After the inoculation
                 experiment, the ND and CCD groups were named PI\_ND and
                 PI\_CCD, respectively. CCD increased superoxide
                 dismutase (SOD) activity and decreased malondialdehyde
                 (MDA) activity significantly before and after
                 infection. Immunological assays revealed that the serum
                 interleukin-1{\beta} (IL-1{\beta}), complement 3 (C3),
                 immunoglobulin M (IgM), Interferon-gamma
                 (IFN-{\gamma}), and tumor necrosis factor-{\alpha}
                 (TNF-{\alpha}) levels in the CCD group were
                 significantly higher than in the ND group both before
                 and after infection. In addition, proteomics analysis
                 of liver tissue identified 62 differentially expressed
                 proteins (DEPs) in CCD vs. ND, and 36 DEPs in the
                 PI_CCD vs. the PI_ND groups. Furthermore, 80 specific
                 upregulated proteins and 49 specific downregulated
                 proteins were screened in the CCD group. The specific
                 upregulated proteins included important antimicrobial
                 enzymes such as lysozymes and cathepsin D, and
                 antimicrobial peptides such as septins, granulin, and
                 grancalcin, involving multiple KEGG brite categories
                 such as enzymes, exosomes, membrane transport, and
                 proteolipid proteins. Furthermore, specific
                 downregulated proteins were enriched in
                 glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and TCA cycle pathways. In
                 conclusion, CC supplementation effectively enhances the
                 ability of tilapia to resist SA infection by modulating
                 various antioxidant enzymes, immune factors,
                 antimicrobial enzymes, and antimicrobial peptides, and
                 by moderately inhibiting central carbon metabolism.
                 These findings provide a basis for replacing
                 antibiotics with environmentally-friendly functional
                 aquatic feeds to control bacterial diseases.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:HHD,
  author =       "Xinghao Li and Xueli Huang and Liya Zhao and Wei Cai
                 and Yuhe Yu and Jin Zhang",
  title =        "Host Habitat as a Dominant Role in Shaping the Gut
                 Microbiota of Wild Crucian Carp (\bioname{Carassius
                 auratus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "369",
  day =          "17",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070369",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/369",
  abstract =     "Current knowledge on the fish gut microbiota has
                 largely been obtained from experiments on
                 laboratory-reared animals. Here, the crucian carp
                 (Carassius auratus) with a mean weight of 159.9 {\pm}
                 11.4 g (mean {\pm} SD) were collected from their
                 natural habitats (i.e., Wuhu lake and Poyang lake,
                 China), and the gut microbiota were analysed by using
                 the next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. We
                 obtained more than 430,000 high-quality reads, which
                 constituted more than 1200 operational taxonomy units
                 (OTUs), revealing extremely diverse microbes in the
                 fish gut. Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes
                 and Firmicutes were detected as the prominent phyla
                 (each {$>$} 1\% of total abundance) within the gut
                 microbiota, regardless of the host habitat or the gut
                 segment (i.e., foregut vs. hindgut). Although the
                 microbes in the hindgut were more diverse (OTU number,
                 Shannon and Chao1; One-way Anova, p {$>$} 0.05) than in
                 the foregut, the host habitat had a significant role in
                 shaping the community structures (MRPP, ANOSIM,
                 PERMANOVA, p {$<$} 0.01). Interestingly, we also
                 detected a set of common OTUs, whereby genera Aeromonas
                 and Cetobacterium might comprise the core gut
                 microbiota of crucian carp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2023:CII,
  author =       "Xiubao Chen and Hongbo Liu and Karsten Liber and Tao
                 Jiang and Jian Yang",
  title =        "Copper-Induced Ionoregulatory Disturbance,
                 Histopathology, and Transcriptome Responses in
                 Freshwater Mussel (\bioname{Anodonta woodiana}) Gills",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "368",
  day =          "14",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070368",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/368",
  abstract =     "Copper (Cu) contamination has become a severe problem
                 in freshwater environments worldwide. The freshwater
                 mussel Anodonta woodiana is used as a unique
                 bioindicator to monitor Cu contamination in freshwater
                 environments. However, Cu toxicity and response
                 mechanisms in A. woodiana are still largely unknown. A
                 sublethal acute exposure experiment (2.0 mg/L Cu
                 exposure for 72 h) was conducted to investigate the
                 effects of Cu bioaccumulation on ionoregulatory
                 homeostasis, histological features, and transcriptome
                 responses using A. woodiana gills as indicator tissue.
                 The gill bioaccumulation capacity was up to 474. Cu
                 bioaccumulation decreased Na + and Mg 2+ concentrations
                 (p {$<$} 0.05) by 82\% and 17\%, respectively, and
                 induced cilia loss, epithelial desquamation, and
                 filament atrophy of the gills. Transcriptome analysis
                 identified 3160 differentially expressed genes (DEGs),
                 including 1870 upregulated and 1290 downregulated
                 genes. GO enrichment analysis showed that cellular
                 processes, metabolic processes, biological regulation,
                 and responses to stimuli contained the most DEGs in the
                 biological processes. KEGG pathway analysis showed that
                 apoptosis, arginine and proline metabolism, the
                 toll-like receptor signaling pathway,
                 apoptosis-multiple species, histidine metabolism,
                 beta-alanine metabolism, cytokine--cytokine receptor
                 interaction, and the p53 signaling pathway were
                 significantly enriched. These findings provide
                 comprehensive evidence for exploring Cu toxicity and
                 response mechanisms in freshwater mussels.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Weber:2023:EII,
  author =       "Gregory M. Weber",
  title =        "Effects of {IGF1} and {IGF2} on In Vitro Ovarian
                 Follicle Maturation in Rainbow Trout,
                 \bioname{Oncorhynchus mykiss}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "367",
  day =          "14",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070367",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/367",
  abstract =     "Ovarian follicle maturation (OFM), including the
                 resumption of meiosis in the oocyte, is under hormonal
                 regulation. Insulin-like growth factors (IGF) have been
                 shown to participate in the regulation of OFM with
                 species-specific actions in teleost fishes. In the
                 present study, in vitro treatment of rainbow trout
                 ovarian follicles with recombinant human insulin-like
                 growth factor-1 (rhIGF1) or rhIGF2 did not induce
                 germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), a marker for the
                 resumption of meiosis, in the oocytes. Co-incubation of
                 follicle-enclosed oocytes with rhIGF1 and the
                 maturation-inducing steroid (MIS) in rainbow trout,
                 17{\alpha},20{\beta}-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one
                 (17,20{\beta}P), also did not induce GVBD in follicles
                 from rainbow trout that were not able to respond to the
                 MIS alone suggesting IGFs cannot induce oocyte
                 maturational competence (OMC), which is the ability of
                 the oocyte to respond to the MIS. Nevertheless, the
                 addition of rhIGF1 with the MIS increased the
                 proportion of oocytes completing GVBD compared with MIS
                 alone, although this potentiation was small and varied
                 greatly among clutches of follicles from fish with
                 oocytes at different stages of germinal vesicle
                 migration. Collectively, these observations suggest
                 IGFs may have synergistic actions with the MIS but
                 cannot induce resumption of meiosis directly at the
                 oocyte and are not potent inducers of OMC in rainbow
                 trout. Rainbow trout are the first teleost fish in
                 which IGFs were found to induce neither OMC nor
                 resumption of meiosis in vitro.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shija:2023:EBP,
  author =       "Vicent Michael Shija and Kwaku Amoah and Jia Cai",
  title =        "Effect of Bacillus Probiotics on the Immunological
                 Responses of \geoname{Nile} Tilapia
                 (\bioname{Oreochromis niloticus}): a Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "366",
  day =          "13",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070366",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/366",
  abstract =     "The use of antibiotics and therapeutics for Nile
                 tilapia has increased along with its increased
                 production and intensification. Probiotics have been
                 studied as an alternative to the excessive use of
                 antibiotics in fish diets. Studies have demonstrated
                 that dietary Bacillus probiotic inclusion promotes
                 faster growth and disease resistance in farmed fish
                 species. Despite advances in research, there is still
                 uncertainty about the mechanisms controlling the immune
                 response of fish. In this review, we summarize and
                 discuss recent research on the immune responses of Nile
                 tilapia to Bacillus probiotics. Through the use of
                 immunological information including phagocytosis,
                 lysozyme activity, respiratory activity, antioxidant
                 proteins, complement activity, and immune-related gene
                 expression, researchers hope to develop effective
                 strategies for successfully using Bacillus probiotics
                 in Oreochromis niloticus farming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Bourquin:2023:CGC,
  author =       "Rebecca Bourquin and Michael J. Moore and Donald J.
                 Orth and Eric M. Hallerman",
  title =        "Conservation Genetics of Clinch Dace
                 \bioname{Chrosomus {\rm sp. cf.} saylori}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "365",
  day =          "13",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070365",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/365",
  abstract =     "Clinch Dace (Chrosomus sp. cf. saylori) is a newly
                 recognized and yet-undescribed species of minnow with a
                 restricted and fragmented distribution in the upper
                 Tennessee River basin in southwestern Virginia, USA. We
                 collected Clinch Dace from seven streams and observed
                 variations at nine selectively neutral microsatellite
                 DNA loci to infer population genetic processes and
                 identify units for conservation management. Bayesian
                 cluster analysis showed that three of the seven
                 surveyed populations were genetically distinct, while
                 the other four populations showed signs of recent
                 admixture. Estimated effective population sizes and m
                 -ratios were low within most populations, suggesting
                 loss of alleles due to recent genetic drift. Positive F
                 IS values, high average individual inbreeding
                 coefficients, and high degrees of inferred relatedness
                 among individuals suggested that inbreeding is taking
                 place in some populations. F ST values were high, and
                 analysis of molecular variance indicated genetic
                 divergence among populations. These indicators suggest
                 that Clinch Dace populations are subject to the genetic
                 processes that are characteristic of small and isolated
                 populations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chiu:2023:CRB,
  author =       "Pei-Sheng Chiu and Shine-Wei Ho and Cheng-Hsuan Huang
                 and Yen-Chun Lee and Yu-Hung Lin",
  title =        "Captive Reproductive Behavior, Spawning, and Early
                 Development of White-Barred Goby \geoname{Amblygobius
                 phalaena} ({Valenciennes}, 1837) and Examined Larval
                 Survival and Viability at Different Water Temperatures
                 and Salinities",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "364",
  day =          "12",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070364",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/364",
  abstract =     "White-barred goby Amblygobius phalaena is a highly
                 valued marine ornamental fish, but its captive
                 reproduction and early life history are poorly
                 understood. In this study, the captive reproductive
                 behavior, early development, and optimal temperature
                 and salinity for the larval survival and viability of
                 A. phalaena were investigated for the first time.
                 Spawning occurred between 11:00 and 13:00, with the
                 breeding pairs naturally spawning 24 times from 1 June
                 2021 to 30 June 2022. The fecundity ranged from 11,022
                 to 95,858 eggs per spawning event. Hatching occurred
                 approximately 81 h and 26 min after fertilization at a
                 temperature of 27.0 {\pm} 0.9 {$^\circ $}C. Newly
                 hatched larvae had a total length (TL) of 1.91--2.03 mm
                 with 24--26 somites. The larvae transformed into
                 juveniles at 30 days post-hatch. Experiments were
                 conducted at different temperatures (21, 24, 27, 30,
                 and 33 {$^\circ $}C) and salinities (18, 24, 30, and 36
                 ppt) to determine the optimal conditions for larval
                 survival and viability. The results indicate that the
                 most suitable conditions in terms of temperature were
                 in the range of 21--27 {$^\circ $}C and 30 ppt for
                 salinity. These findings provide valuable insights for
                 the future development of captive-breeding techniques
                 and the commercial production of other marine
                 ornamental gobies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Montag:2023:FRS,
  author =       "Luciano Foga{\c{c}}a de Assis Montag and Luiz
                 Ant{\^o}nio Wanderley Peixoto and Lidia Brasil Seabra
                 and Liziane Amaral Barbosa Gon{\c{c}}alves and Cleonice
                 Maria Cardoso Lobato and Marina Barreira Mendon{\c{c}}a
                 and Tiago Octavio Begot and Erival Gon{\c{c}}alves
                 Prata and Tiago Magalh{\~a}es da Silva Freitas",
  title =        "First Record of Spinal Deformity in the \geoname{South
                 American} Silver Croaker \bioname{Plagioscion
                 squamosissimus} ({Eupercaria: Sciaenidae}) in the
                 \geoname{Xingu River, Brazil}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "363",
  day =          "12",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070363",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/363",
  abstract =     "Observations of skeletal malformations in fish in the
                 wild are poorly documented and need to be investigated.
                 Here we report the occurrence of body shortening in
                 specimens of Plagioscion squamosissimus collected in
                 the Volta Grande do Xingu, middle Xingu River region
                 (Par{\'a}, Brazil), during a 12-month monitoring
                 program (2021--2022). We observed morphological
                 anomalies in nine individuals, of which two underwent
                 radiographic analysis, recording the fusion and
                 compression of vertebrae in different portions of the
                 spine. The average percentage decrease in body length
                 resulting from the deformity was 23.8\%. This is the
                 first record of malformation in this species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hu:2023:EBP,
  author =       "Xiaojuan Hu and Yu Xu and Haochang Su and Wujie Xu and
                 Guoliang Wen and Chuangwen Xu and Keng Yang and Song
                 Zhang and Yucheng Cao",
  title =        "Effect of a Bacillus Probiotic Compound on
                 \bioname{Penaeus vannamei} Survival, Water Quality, and
                 Microbial Communities",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "362",
  day =          "11",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070362",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/362",
  abstract =     "Given the widespread use of commercial probiotics in
                 aquaculture, it is important to evaluate the quality
                 and environmental effects of these additives. Here, the
                 effects of a Bacillus probiotic compound, BG4, on
                 Penaeus vannamei survival rate, water quality factors,
                 and microbial communities were assessed. An analysis of
                 the BG4 powder confirmed the content of probiotic
                 bacteria: 50.2\% Bacillus licheniformis, 48.4\%
                 Bacillus subtilis, and 1.4\% Bacillus
                 amyloliquefaciens, consistent with the information on
                 the product packaging. The effective bacterial quantity
                 (1.1 $ \times $ 10 9 CFU/g) was higher than that
                 indicated on the product label (2 $ \times $ 10 8
                 CFU/g). BG4 was added to a sterilized aquaculture water
                 system, according to the indicated bacterial quantity;
                 after 7 days, the maximum ammonia nitrogen, phosphate,
                 and chemical oxygen demand degradation rates were
                 36.3\%, 28.9\%, and 15.2\%, respectively. In the shrimp
                 culture experiment, the survival rate of P. vannamei
                 and water quality did not differ significantly between
                 the BG4 and control groups. The bacterial quantity and
                 high-throughput sequencing results indicated that
                 Bacillus content in BG4 group decreased continuously
                 from 3.5 $ \times $ 10 4 CFU/mL to 6.9 $ \times $ 10 2
                 CFU/mL. To ensure the desired effect of probiotics in
                 commercial aquaculture applications, additional quality
                 evaluations and scientific assessments are needed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Andriamahefazafy:2023:GDW,
  author =       "Mialy Andriamahefazafy",
  title =        "Governing Distant-Water Fishing within the Blue
                 Economy in \geoname{Madagascar}: Policy Frameworks,
                 Challenges and Pathways",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "361",
  day =          "11",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070361",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/361",
  abstract =     "Madagascar's vast oceanic space hosts distant-water
                 fishing (DWF) fleets from Taiwan, Japan, South Korea,
                 Spain, France and others since the 1960s, making DWF a
                 substantial component of the blue economy. Considering
                 this extensive experience of managing DWF activities
                 for more than 60 years, this paper explores the
                 existing policy frameworks and challenges regarding
                 managing DWF. The results show while it is well
                 equipped legally, the country is struggling to
                 implement its national policies and laws while
                 continuing to adopt new management frameworks. This is
                 due to a limited coherence on long-term policy making
                 and policy implementation, resulting in a mismatch
                 between the two, and a paradoxical vision that promotes
                 DWF without the means to monitor fishing activities and
                 their impacts. The existing institutional settings and
                 governance frameworks make change possible in
                 Madagascar's approach to DWF. To improve the management
                 of DWF, this paper outlines four pathways. These
                 include (i) a greater attention on the implementation,
                 harmonisation and evaluation of existing policies and
                 projects; (ii) continuing efforts on transparency for
                 DWF operations and contract negotiations; (iii)
                 realigning aspirations and policies with local needs;
                 and (iv) taking better advantage of measures adopted at
                 the regional Indian Ocean level to improve national
                 management of DWF. An efficient implementation of an
                 improved policy and legal framework could contribute to
                 strengthening the governance of DWF activities toward
                 sustaining national benefits while preserving coastal
                 livelihoods.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mao:2023:IAS,
  author =       "Hanping Mao and Bin Wang and Jian Zhao and Yafei Wang
                 and Xiaoxue Du and Qiang Shi",
  title =        "Influences of Aquaponics System on Growth Performance,
                 Antioxidant Parameters, Stress Parameters and Gene
                 Expression of \bioname{Carassius auratus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "360",
  day =          "11",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070360",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/360",
  abstract =     "Aquaponics is a new type of composite farming system,
                 which combines aquaculture and hydroponics through
                 ecological design to achieve scientific synergism.
                 However, the effects of aquaponics on the welfare
                 status and stress parameters of fish are unclear. In
                 this study, 150 crucian carp with an average initial
                 body weight of 7.06 {\pm} 0.32 g were selected. Nine
                 fish were randomly selected as the control group (NC
                 group and hypoxia group) for stress, antioxidant and
                 gene expression parameters after acclimation and
                 hypoxia stress, respectively. The remaining crucian
                 carps were randomly divided into three experimental
                 groups with 20 crucian carps in each group (T 0, T 1
                 and T 2, respectively), with three replicates. The
                 fresh weight of the lettuce root in the T 2 group had
                 no significant effect (p {$>$} 0.05). Compared with the
                 control group (T 0 and T 1), there were significant
                 differences in the specific growth rate, the weight
                 gain rate, the fresh leaf weight, the chlorophyll
                 content and the water quality parameters in group T 2
                 (p {$<$} 0.05). Regarding the biochemical parameters,
                 superoxide dismutase and catalase showed significant
                 differences between the T 2 and T 1 groups (p {$<$}
                 0.05). At the same time, the HSP70 and Prdx3 genes were
                 upregulated in the liver of the T 2 group compared to
                 the NC group and the hypoxia group. The research
                 suggests that aquaponics may reduce the hypoxia stress
                 of crucian carp without affecting the growth of crucian
                 carp and lettuce.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Peng:2023:HAG,
  author =       "Zhilan Peng and Xiaomin Liu and Ming Jin and Yu Zhan
                 and Xiaolin Zhang and Yongbo Bao and Minhai Liu",
  title =        "Hypoxia Activates \gene{HIF-1$ \alpha $} and Affects
                 Gene Expression and Transcriptional Regulation of {PHD}
                 in \bioname{Tegillarca granosa}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "359",
  day =          "11",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070359",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/359",
  abstract =     "Hypoxia is a common challenge faced by mollusks, and
                 the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1{\alpha}
                 (HIF-1{\alpha}) in regulating related target genes
                 under hypoxia in Tegillarca granosa (Tg) remains
                 unclear. In this study, we identified gene
                 HIF-1{\alpha} and further explored its function.
                 qRT-PCR was performed to determine the mRNA expression
                 of HIF-1{\alpha}, prolyl 4-hydroxylases (PHD),
                 hemoglobin (Hb), and myoglobin (Mb) in response to
                 hypoxia. Dual-luciferase reporter analysis was used to
                 assess the transcriptional activity of HIF-1{\alpha} on
                 the PHD and Hb genes during hypoxia. Results showed
                 that the expression levels of HIF-1{\alpha} and PHD
                 mRNAs were highest in the gill and lowest in the
                 adductor muscle. Under hypoxic conditions,
                 HIF-1{\alpha} and PHD mRNAs were both induced, and
                 their expression levels increased significantly,
                 peaking at 8 h and gradually decreasing thereafter. The
                 transcription of Tg-PHD was induced by hypoxia and was
                 Tg-HIF-1{\alpha} dependent. Notably, the expression of
                 Hb decreased in hemocytes (p {$<$} 0.01) after 8 h at
                 0.5 mg/L, while the expression of MbI and MbII
                 increased (p {$<$} 0.01) in the hepatopancreas after 24
                 h and 120 h, respectively. Moreover, Tg-HIF-1{\alpha}
                 could transactivate the PHD promoter but not that of
                 Hb. These findings provide valuable insights into the
                 regulatory role of Tg-HIF-1{\alpha} on Tg-PHD,
                 safeguarding it from degradation by PHD and offering
                 significant contributions to the understanding of
                 HIF-1{\alpha}'s function. Nonetheless, the expression
                 of Tg-HIF-1{\alpha} protein was not detected under
                 hypoxic conditions, and additional investigations are
                 required to quantify Tg-HIF-1{\alpha} protein dynamics
                 and establish the correlation between mRNA expression
                 and protein levels.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wu:2023:TAR,
  author =       "Ren-Xie Wu and Yan-Shan Liang and Su-Fang Niu and Jing
                 Zhang and Bao-Gui Tang and Zhen-Bang Liang",
  title =        "Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Circadian Rhythm
                 Homeostasis in Pearl Gentian Grouper under Acute
                 Hypoxia",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "358",
  day =          "10",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070358",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/358",
  abstract =     "Oxygen level is an important environmental factor
                 affecting the circadian rhythm. However, little is
                 known about the molecular mechanism by which clock
                 genes regulate the circadian rhythm in fish under
                 hypoxia. To explore changes in the transcription and
                 expression of clock genes and related molecular
                 regulatory mechanisms in pearl gentian grouper under
                 hypoxia, liver transcriptome data were analyzed after
                 exposure to acute hypoxic stress (dissolved oxygen 0.5
                 mg/L) for 1, 3, 6, and 9 h. miR-210 and m0044-5p
                 inhibited the expression of period3 (per3) and casein
                 kinase 1 delta b (csnk1db) in the core loop of the
                 circadian clock, respectively. The nuclear receptor
                 subfamily 1 group d member 1 (nr1d1) and RAR-related
                 orphan receptor b (rorb) genes in the auxiliary loop
                 were jointly up-regulated by three miRNAs
                 (miR-144-3p/5p, miR-361-5p, and miR-133) and the
                 transcription factor nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group
                 d member 2 (Nr1d2). The pearl gentian grouper maintains
                 the stability of circadian clock systems and normal
                 physiological metabolism under hypoxic stress by
                 regulating the transcriptional expression of these
                 genes via miRNAs and transcription factors to improve
                 hypoxic tolerance. These findings provide important
                 basic data for future research on hypoxic tolerance in
                 pearl gentian grouper and provide new insights into the
                 interaction between hypoxia and the circadian rhythm in
                 fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Elbahnaswy:2023:BCI,
  author =       "Samia Elbahnaswy and Gehad E. Elshopakey and Medhat S.
                 Shakweer and Elsayed A. A. Eldessouki and Abdelwahab A.
                 Abdelwarith and Elsayed M. Younis and Simon J. Davies
                 and Mai A. M. El-Son",
  title =        "Bacterial Co-Infection as a Potential Threat to Farmed
                 Flathead Grey Mullet (\bioname{Mugil cephalus}):
                 Phenotypic and Molecular Diagnosis, Histopathology,
                 Immunity Response, and In Vitro Antibacterial
                 Evaluation",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "357",
  day =          "10",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070357",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/357",
  abstract =     "Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio chlorea, and Enterococcus
                 cloacae were the main bacterial pathogens investigated
                 during recurrent episodes of mortalities among farmed
                 flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) in the Bahar
                 El-Baqar area, Sharqia governorate, Egypt, during the
                 summer season in 2021. Nevertheless, the contamination
                 of water with heavy metals was evaluated. In this
                 study, a total number of sixty moribund and freshly
                 dead Mugil cephalus were examined clinically and upon
                 post-mortem. Then, the bacterial isolates were
                 subjected to bacteriological phenotypic examination,
                 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and antibiotic sensitivity
                 testing. Histopathological screening and the immunity
                 response of naturally infected M. cephalus were also
                 implemented. In areas where bacterial strains were
                 recovered in a high percentage, water contamination
                 with Cu, Fe, and Ni was higher than the permissible
                 limit. The results showed a high similarity (99--100\%)
                 to Vibrio and E. cloacae strains using phylogenetic
                 analysis of 16S rRNA. Most isolates exhibited
                 sensitivity to florfenicol, ciprofloxacin, and
                 norfloxacin, while they were resistant to erythromycin
                 and amoxicillin. Hemorrhage, oedema, hemosiderosis, and
                 melanomacrophage activation in most affected tissues of
                 infected M. cephalus were detected by light microscopy.
                 Nevertheless, higher levels of AST and ALT, as well as
                 serum inflammatory markers, CRP, and lysozyme activity,
                 were shown in infected fish. There were higher MDA
                 levels, along with a reduction of GSH, SOD, and
                 catalase, in the gills and brain of infected M.
                 cephalus, compared to the control fish. Our obtained
                 data confirmed the high prevalence of Vibrio serovars
                 and E. cloacae in infected grey mullets, describing
                 their histopathological alterations, higher
                 inflammatory response, and oxidative stress impact.
                 These results could be useful indicators for
                 understanding the pathogenesis of these pathogens in
                 correlation with water parameter deterioration. Thus,
                 the emergence of Vibrio and E. cloacae species in this
                 study threatens the brackish water aquaculture industry
                 in Egypt and poses a public health concern.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhou:2023:TBA,
  author =       "Tangjian Zhou and Chaofeng Jia and Qian Meng and
                 Dafeng Xu and Zhiwei Zhang and Fei Zhu and Yonglei Zhao
                 and Ruijian Sun and Yunxia Yang and Shuyin Chen",
  title =        "Transcriptome-Based Analysis of the Liver Response
                 Mechanism of Black Porgy (\bioname{Acanthopagrus
                 schlegelii}) to Stocking Density",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "356",
  day =          "08",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070356",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/356",
  abstract =     "Long-term high stocking density often brings negative
                 effects such as decreased body weight, decreased
                 immunity, and increased mortality to cultured fish,
                 while the effects of short-term stocking are relatively
                 less studied. In this experiment, we characterized
                 spatial and temporal gene expression in black porgy
                 (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) liver by establishing two
                 stocking density groups --- high (H: 26.5 kg/m 3) and
                 low (L: 2.95 kg/m 3) --- and conducting transcriptome
                 sequencing before collecting liver samples at two time
                 points: 6 h (AL and AH) and 60 d (CL and CH) into the
                 culture trial. There were 648 and 550 differentially
                 expressed genes (DEGs) in the AL-vs-AH and CL-vs-CH
                 groups, respectively. The DEGs in the AL-vs-AH group
                 were significantly enriched in steroid biosynthesis,
                 terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, the PPAR signaling
                 pathway, proteasome, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and
                 ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes. The DEGs in the
                 CL-vs-CH group were more significantly enriched in
                 lipid metabolism-related pathways, such as the PPAR
                 signaling pathway, fatty acid metabolism, and
                 cholesterol metabolism. In addition, immune-related
                 pathways such as the phagosome and complement and
                 coagulation cascades were also enriched in the CL-vs-CH
                 group. The expression changes concerning the DEGs in
                 each group were further analyzed. The DEGs related to
                 steroid synthesis, protein synthesis, and the
                 degradation pathways were down-regulated, but
                 immune-related genes were generally up-regulated in the
                 AH group. The DEGs related to lipid synthesis were
                 significantly up-regulated in the CH group, but the
                 DEGs related to lipid consumption and utilization were
                 down-regulated. The expression of immune-related DEGs
                 was also negatively affected in the CH group. These
                 results suggest that acute and chronic crowding stress
                 affects lipid metabolism and immune regulation in the
                 liver of black porgy. Acute stress particularly
                 affected hepatic protein metabolism, while chronic
                 stress showed more effects on hepatic lipid metabolism.
                 The results of this study provide a theoretical basis
                 for understanding the effects of high stocking
                 densities upon black porgy and may also provide a
                 reference for crowding stress regulation studies in
                 other fish species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Banaduc:2023:DDA,
  author =       "Doru B{\u{a}}n{\u{a}}duc and Sergey Afanasyev and John
                 Robert Akeroyd and Aurel N{\u{a}}stase and Ion
                 N{\u{a}}vodaru and Lucica Tofan and Angela
                 Curtean-B{\u{a}}n{\u{a}}duc",
  title =        "The \geoname{Danube Delta}: The {Achilles} Heel of
                 \geoname{Danube River--Danube Delta--Black Sea} Region
                 Fish Diversity under a \geoname{Black Sea} Impact
                 Scenario Due to Sea Level Rise --- a Prospective
                 Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "355",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070355",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/355",
  abstract =     "The Danube Delta is one of Earth's biodiversity
                 hotspots and includes many endemic, rare, and important
                 species of both major conservation and economic value.
                 This unique complex of ecosystems also plays a key role
                 for Danube River and Black Sea fish fauna through its
                 role as a natural safe buffer, shelter, feeding,
                 reproduction, and smooth transitional area for a large
                 number of fish species. Climate change is inducing a
                 progressive sea level rise in the Black Sea, a fact
                 that is expected to impact the delta's key complex and
                 dynamic habitats, biocoenoses, and associated biota,
                 and last but not least the key taxonomic group, namely,
                 fish. Around one-third of the fish species of this
                 delta will be greatly affected, sometimes negatively,
                 by this climate change scenario, another one-third to a
                 lesser extent, and the final one-third not at all. The
                 ecological positive feedback of fish can stimulate
                 environmental change and is expected to be responsible
                 for changes within Danube Delta ecosystems, and also
                 for the near Danube River and Black Sea diverse matrix
                 of aquatic and semi-aquatic ecosystems. Sea level rise
                 in the Black Sea is considered to have been one of the
                 main stress factors of the Danube Delta fish fauna in
                 the past, and is likely to be the case in the future.
                 In this spatio-temporal dynamic context, for the fish
                 species under threat and risk, in situ-adapted
                 management measures are highly required. The current
                 work brings for the first time such a prospective
                 knowledge about the potential impact on Danube
                 River--Danube Delta--Black Sea coast fish diversity in
                 the potential climate change--sea level rise
                 scenario.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hu:2023:EEP,
  author =       "Guo Hu and Feng Chen and Ying Zhang and Peixian Luan
                 and Zhiyuan Luo and Jiangong Niu and Peng Zheng and Sai
                 Wang and Tao Zhang and Yongjun Shu and Feng Ji",
  title =        "Estimates of the Effective Population Size and Genetic
                 Structure of the Critically Endangered Ship Sturgeon
                 (\bioname{Acipenser nudiventris}) in the
                 \geoname{Chinese} Section of the \geoname{Ili River}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "7",
  pages =        "354",
  day =          "07",
  month =        jul,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8070354",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:44 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/7/354",
  abstract =     "Ship sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris) is a critically
                 endangered fish that is listed on the International
                 Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List of
                 Threatened Species. Sixteen individuals from the
                 Chinese section of the Ili River were genotyped using
                 genome re-sequencing technology. By applying a genomic
                 relatedness estimation with 1,527,694 genome-wide SNP
                 markers, we found that the coancestry coefficients
                 showed a high level of relatedness between individuals.
                 The effective population sizes over 500 generations
                 were estimated, and this showed that the effective
                 population sizes began to dramatically decline from
                 about 14,840 to 171 individuals when going back four
                 generations from the current population. Artificial
                 reproduction techniques guided by genomic relatedness
                 may be a valuable approach to the conservation of this
                 critically endangered fish species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Huang:2023:PGB,
  author =       "Lishi Huang and Guosong Zhang and Yupeng Zhang and
                 Xinlan Li and Zhong Luo and Wenyu Liu and Fu Luo and
                 Haifeng Liu and Shaowu Yin and Jun Jiang and Xia Liang
                 and Quanquan Cao",
  title =        "Profiling Genetic Breeding Progress in {Bagrid}
                 Catfishes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "426",
  day =          "21",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080426",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/426",
  abstract =     "The Bagridae fish family holds significant economic
                 value and enjoys a high demand in the commercial market
                 due to its desirable characteristics, such as delicious
                 meat, fewer muscle spines, and a pleasing flavor. In
                 recent years, the Bagridae has experienced rapid
                 development in the seed industry in response to
                 industry demands. Researchers have conducted extensive
                 studies on genetic breeding in the Bagridae, employing
                 a comprehensive breeding approach that combines
                 conventional breeding techniques with innovative new
                 technologies and cooperative efforts. In this review,
                 we present an overview of the market situation and
                 discuss various breeding processes applied to the
                 Bagridae, including selective breeding, genetic
                 engineering breeding, cell engineering breeding,
                 molecular marker-assisted breeding, and hybrid
                 breeding. Additionally, we focus on introducing the
                 cultivation methods for two new Bagridae varieties.
                 Furthermore, we explore and summarize the breeding
                 conditions, genetic background, heterosis,
                 comprehensive breeding technology, stress resistance,
                 and metabolic nutrition of hybrid Bagridae catfishes.
                 Overall, noticeable heterosis has been observed in the
                 breeding of the hybrid yellow catfish ``Huangyou-1'',
                 which exhibits promising market prospects and economic
                 benefits for aquaculture. Our study aims to underscore
                 the importance of harnessing the heterosis of catfish,
                 particularly the Pelteobagrus and Bagridae species.
                 Consequently, this review provides an update on the
                 current available information regarding the seed
                 industry of the Bagridae fish family.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2023:MCR,
  author =       "Zewen Zhang and Xiaohui Li and Guiwei Zou and Hongwei
                 Liang",
  title =        "Molecular Characterization and Response of Silver Carp
                 (\bioname{Hypophthalmichthys molitrix}) {GLUT1} under
                 Hypoxia Stress",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "425",
  day =          "20",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080425",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/425",
  abstract =     "As an important freshwater species with economic and
                 ecological benefits, silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys
                 molitrix) exhibits poor tolerance to hypoxia. Glucose
                 transporters (GLUTs) are core membrane proteins that
                 transport glucose to tissues and regulate essential
                 life activities. Its expression is regulated by
                 HIF-1{\alpha} and cells in hypoxic conditions to
                 maintain energy demand through GLUTs inducing enhanced
                 glucose transport. We cloned H. molitrix glut1 (SLC2A1)
                 and analyzed its sequence using bioinformatics tools.
                 The glut1 cDNA was 2104 base pairs long and encoded a
                 490 amino acid protein. Phylogenetic analysis revealed
                 that sliver carp glut1 is evolutionarily conserved and
                 exhibited the highest sequence similarity with
                 Ctenopharyngodon idella glut1. Glut1 expression was the
                 highest and lowest in the gills and liver,
                 respectively. Hypoxic stress significantly increased
                 glut1 expression in the brain (p {$<$} 0.05); in the
                 gills, it was the highest and lowest in the
                 semi-asphyxia and asphyxia groups, respectively; in the
                 liver, it was significantly higher under hypoxia than
                 that of the normoxia group; and in the heart, it was
                 significantly higher in the floating head,
                 semi-asphyxia, and asphyxia groups than in the normoxia
                 group (p {$<$} 0.05). The proposed mechanism may thus
                 provide the basis for elucidating the molecular basis
                 of silver carp's hypoxia stress response mediated by
                 glut1.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sava:2023:PPM,
  author =       "Alexandru Sava and Paul Uiuiu and C{\u{a}}lin
                 La{\c{t}}iu and Daniel Cocan and
                 George-C{\u{a}}t{\u{a}}lin Muntean and Tudor Papuc and
                 Andrada Ihu{\c{t}} and Camelia R{\u{a}}ducu and Anca
                 Becze and Cristina Craioveanu and Camelia Munteanu and
                 Radu Constantinescu and Vioara Mire{\c{s}}an",
  title =        "{PAHs}, Physicochemical and Microbiological Analyses
                 of Trout Processed by Traditional Smoking, in Different
                 Types of Packaging",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "424",
  day =          "19",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080424",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/424",
  abstract =     "Smoking represents one of the oldest thermic
                 processing methods of fish, and it was originally used
                 to preserve fish for later meals, delaying spoiling.
                 The objective of this study was to analyze the
                 physicochemical and microbiological safety and quality
                 of two traditionally smoked trout species (Oncorhynchus
                 mykiss and Salvelinus fontinalis). We analyzed the
                 effect of trout processed by traditional smoking,
                 characterizing the samples according to the
                 relationships existing between classical microbial
                 analysis, physicochemical parameters, and the content
                 of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The
                 microbial activity of the smoked fish was very low.
                 Although traditional smoking implies high temperatures
                 and direct exposure to the smoke, Benzo[a]pyrene,
                 Benzo[b]fluoranthene, Benzo[k]fluoranthene,
                 Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene, and
                 Indeno [1,2,3-cd]pyrene compounds had undetectable
                 levels in the samples. The products obtained in this
                 study did not exceed the maximum values imposed by EU
                 legislation regarding the TVB-N values during the 30
                 days of the experiment. We conclude that traditionally
                 smoked trout has many advantages in terms of quality
                 and safety of the products. Thus, the obtained products
                 are safe for consumption for at least 30 days after
                 processing.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Uyisenga:2023:ERF,
  author =       "Adolphe Uyisenga and Hualiang Liang and Mingchun Ren
                 and Dongyu Huang and Chunyu Xue and Heng Yin and
                 Haifeng Mi",
  title =        "The Effects of Replacing Fish Meal with Enzymatic
                 Soybean Meal on the Growth Performance, Whole-Body
                 Composition, and Health of Juvenile {Gibel} Carp
                 (\geoname{Carassius auratus gibelio})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "423",
  day =          "18",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080423",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/423",
  abstract =     "Fish meal (FM) constitutes the main, expensive
                 component in aquatic diets. However, the supply of FM
                 is no longer sufficient to sustain global aquaculture
                 production. This study had the primary goal of
                 assessing if the replacement of FM with enzymatic
                 soybean meal (ESBM) can affect the performance of
                 growth and immunological response in juvenile Gibel
                 carp. Juvenile fish with an initial weight of 45.02
                 {\pm} 0.03 g were arbitrarily assigned to 18 fish cages
                 of 1 m 3 each, then fed with diets of different levels
                 of ESBM (0\% (control group), 4\%, 8\%, 12\%, 16\%, and
                 20\%) for 159 days. These diets corresponded,
                 respectively, to the replacement levels of 0\% (control
                 group), 20\%, 40\%, 60\%, 80\%, and 100\% FM by ESBM.
                 For the parameters of growth and whole-body
                 composition, no obvious differences were found between
                 the control group and other replacement levels (p {$>$}
                 0.05). Similarly, none of the replacement levels showed
                 significant effects for alanine transaminase (ALT),
                 total cholesterol (TC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and
                 glucose (GLU) levels (p {$>$} 0.05). Malondialdehyde
                 (MDA) levels, as well as the activities of superoxide
                 dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC)
                 in plasma, were not significantly affected at all
                 replacement levels, according to the findings of this
                 study (p {$>$} 0.05). The replacement level of 60\%
                 significantly increased the activities of catalase
                 (CAT), whereas the replacement levels of 20\% and 100\%
                 markedly decreased the activities of this enzyme (p
                 \SGMLentity{706} 0.05). Hepatic and intestinal tissues
                 in this study did not show obvious alterations at all
                 levels of replacement.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hwang:2023:PFC,
  author =       "Ju-Ae Hwang and Jun Seong Park and Hae Seung Jeong and
                 Hyeongsu Kim and Seung-Yoon Oh",
  title =        "Productivity of Fish and Crop Growth and
                 Characteristics of Bacterial Communities in the
                 {FLOCponics} System",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "422",
  day =          "18",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080422",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/422",
  abstract =     "Aquaponics (AP) and biofloc technology (BFT) systems
                 rely heavily on bacterial communities to break down
                 organic matter and cycle nutrients that are essential
                 for fish and plant growth. The functional roles of
                 bacterial communities in aquaculture systems are
                 critical to their sustainable operation. Currently, the
                 research on the combination of BFT and AP systems
                 called FLOCponics (FP) is lacking, thereby hindering
                 our ability to optimize their performance. Here,
                 several characteristics (productivity of fish and
                 crops, physicochemical properties of water, and
                 bacterial community) in FP systems cultivating Japanese
                 eel (Anguilla japonica) and leaf lettuce Caipira
                 (Lactuca sativa) were compared to those in the BFT
                 system. Additionally, the effect of fish density on the
                 FP system was investigated. The results indicated that
                 the FP system was more productive than the BFT system.
                 Fish growth rate was highest in the FP system (52.6\%),
                 and the average body weight of eels was 168.2 {\pm}
                 26.8 g in the FP system compared to 140.3 {\pm} 27.0 g
                 in the control (BFT, 5 kg/m 2). However, increasing
                 fish density resulted in lower growth rates, with a
                 growth rate of 20.6\% observed in the high-density (20
                 kg/m 2) experimental group. The bacterial composition
                 was also significantly different between the systems
                 and fish densities, suggesting that bacterial
                 communities may be closely related to the performance
                 of the aquaponics system.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liu:2023:SDF,
  author =       "Jiahao Liu and Feiran Zhang and Qiang Ma and Yuliang
                 Wei and Mengqing Liang and Houguo Xu",
  title =        "Sex Differences in Fatty Acid Composition of
                 \geoname{Chinese} Tongue Sole (\bioname{Cynoglossus
                 semilaevis}) Tissues",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "421",
  day =          "17",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080421",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/421",
  abstract =     "The fatty acid accumulation in fish tissues are
                 closely related to fish sex, yet the sex differences in
                 fish fatty acids have not been fully known. This
                 experiment investigated the sex differences in fatty
                 acid composition of Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus
                 semilaevis), which have typical sexual dimorphism and
                 reversal. Three sexes, namely females, males and
                 pseudomales, were involved in this study. Five batches
                 of fish samples were collected from different fish
                 farms in Shandong Province, China. These fish were
                 identified to be at the gonadal development stage of
                 III--IV. The disparity of fatty acid between sexes
                 (female vs male and pseudomale vs. male) was evaluated
                 by the distance coefficient (D sex) and multi-variate
                 similarity of percentages analysis (SIMPER). The
                 highest D sex values between females and males were
                 found in gonad, followed by liver and eye. The fatty
                 acids that differed between females and males were
                 mainly DHA, 16:1n-7, 18:1n-9, and 18:0. The sex
                 difference in DHA and 18:1n-9 contributed significantly
                 to the overall sex difference in fatty acid of brain,
                 eye, and gonad, whereas that in 16:1n-7 contributed
                 significantly in heart, gill, liver, and muscle. The
                 sex difference in 18:0 contributed significantly to the
                 overall sex difference in fatty acid of heart, gill,
                 gut, and skin. The sex differences in fatty acid
                 between pseudomales and males were generally
                 insignificant. In conclusion, at this gonadal
                 development stage (III--IV), the sex differences in
                 fatty acid between female and male Chinese tongue sole
                 have emerged, mainly in the gonad. The testes had
                 higher DHA levels but lower levels of 16:1n-7 and
                 18:1n-9 than ovaries. In addition, for pseudomales, the
                 phenotypic sex more substantially determined the fatty
                 acid composition than the genetic sex.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Garces:2023:ABT,
  author =       "Sara Garc{\'e}s and Gabriele Lara",
  title =        "Applying Biofloc Technology in the Culture of
                 \bioname{Mugil cephalus} in Subtropical Conditions:
                 Effects on Water Quality and Growth Parameters",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "420",
  day =          "17",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080420",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/420",
  abstract =     "Mugil cephalus is an estuarine species that has been
                 shown to acclimate to a diversity of environmental
                 conditions being a good candidate to diversify
                 aquaculture. The objective of this study was to
                 evaluate the growth and water quality of M. cephalus
                 juveniles in a biofloc technology system (BFT). Over a
                 period of 87 days, mullet juveniles (117.36 {\pm} 6.48
                 g) were reared in two experimental conditions: water
                 exchange (control group) (50\% three times a week) and
                 BFT (C:N ratio of 15:1). M. cephalus juveniles were
                 stocked at a density of 7.2 kg{\cdot}m {$-$3}. Water
                 quality parameters were monitored periodically. Fish
                 were fed with a balanced artificial feed for marine
                 fish (2\% of the total biomass). The water quality
                 parameters were similar between the treatments, with
                 the exception of pH, alkalinity, TSS, and N-NO 3 (p
                 {$<$} 0.05). Zootechnical parameters WG, DWG, BG, SGR,
                 condition factor, and survival did not show significant
                 differences (p {$>$} 0.05). The biomass gain was higher
                 in BFT (p {$<$} 0.05). Water quality variables did not
                 appear to influence mullet survival under culture
                 conditions. Mullet is a species that can be reared in
                 BFT without compromising productive performance and
                 having a significant saving of water.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lin:2023:EPY,
  author =       "Hao Lin and Sishun Zhou and Zhangfan Huang and
                 Jianrong Ma and Lumin Kong and Yi Lin and Zhongying
                 Long and Huihui Qin and Longhui Liu and Yanbo Zhao and
                 Zhongbao Li",
  title =        "The Effects of \bioname{Porphyra yezoensis}
                 Polysaccharides on Intestinal Health of Spotted Sea
                 Bass, \bioname{Lateolabrax maculatus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "419",
  day =          "15",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080419",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/419",
  abstract =     "Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharides (PPs) have
                 biological activities such as promoting digestion,
                 functioning as antioxidants, and improving intestinal
                 health. The aim of this study was to investigate the
                 effects of PPs on the intestinal health of spotted sea
                 bass (Lateolabrax maculatus). A total of 360 spotted
                 sea bass (10.53 {\pm} 0.02 g) were randomly divided
                 into six groups. Fish in each group were fed with
                 varying PP concentrations (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 g/kg) for
                 52 days. The results showed that 12 g/kg PPs
                 significantly increased the body weight gain, specific
                 growth rate, and condition factor, while there was no
                 significant change in the feed conversion ratio. A
                 supplementation dosage of 9 g/kg PPs significantly
                 increased intestinal amylase activity, and 12 g/kg PPs
                 supplementation significantly increased intestinal
                 trypsin activity. In addition, compared with the
                 control group, there was no difference in lipase in the
                 experimental groups. When fed 9 g/kg, the intestinal
                 glutathione content was significantly increased, and
                 the malondialdehyde content was significantly
                 decreased; the effect of PPs on the catalase activity
                 was not significant. PPs improved intestinal
                 morphology, specifically by improving the intestinal
                 villus morphology and increasing the intestinal lining
                 surface area. Compared with the control group, PPs
                 increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroides.
                 At the genus level, Cyanobacteria, Muribaculaceae, and
                 Lachnospiraceae were the main flora in the intestinal
                 tract of spotted sea bass. In addition, PPs increased
                 ACE and Chao1 indices of the intestinal microorganisms,
                 while the Simpson index and Shannon index did not
                 change significantly, indicating that intestinal
                 microbial composition and abundance had increased to a
                 certain extent. The results indicated that different
                 levels of PPs in feed can improve the intestinal
                 physiological and biochemical indexes, intestinal
                 morphology, and microbial composition, and thus improve
                 the intestinal health of spotted sea bass.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Totoiu:2023:ETS,
  author =       "Aurelia {\c{T}}o{\c{t}}oiu and Neculai Patriche and
                 Victor Ni{\c{t}}{\u{a}} and Elena S{\^\i}rbu and
                 Floricel Maricel Dima and Magda Ioana Nenciu and Veta
                 Nistor",
  title =        "Epidemiology of Turbot (\bioname{Scophthalmus
                 maeoticus}) Bacterial Contamination, a Fishery Limiting
                 Factor on the \geoname{Romanian Black Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "418",
  day =          "15",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080418",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/418",
  abstract =     "The aim of this research was to evaluate the health
                 status of the Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas, 1814)
                 population from the Romanian marine area in 2016--2019,
                 by identifying and investigating information about
                 bacterial and constitutional diseases, establishing the
                 influence of these bacterioses on the researched
                 populations, and highlighting the main biological
                 disorders (reproduction, growth, and feeding) that
                 manifested in the analyzed fish. The bacterial diseases
                 reported in S. maeoticus (Pallas, 1814) populations
                 were caused by pathogens from the genera Vibrio,
                 Aeromonas, and Pseudomonas. Numerous skin diseases,
                 especially various types of ``wounds'', lesions of bony
                 tubercles, and tissue lesions may be the subsequent
                 cause of neoplasms, as a result of fishing gear
                 manipulations. The appearance of significant changes in
                 the prevalence of neoplasia on the Romanian Black Sea
                 coast can be considered an indicator of chronic stress
                 (anthropogenic impact), rather than acute
                 (environmental impact), and we suggest that the species
                 could be used as a biological indicator of changes that
                 may occur in the habitat in which it lives. In terms of
                 future research directions, a combined analysis of the
                 population structure, morphology and diseases
                 determined in S. maeoticus populations, with a
                 structural analysis of the habitat and bacteria
                 contamination degree would be useful; this monitoring
                 should be carried out regularly, to reveal changes in
                 the Black Sea ecosystem, and to propose possible
                 recommendations and protective measures.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gomez:2023:EBC,
  author =       "Silvia G{\'o}mez and Gabriele Lara and Carlos Felipe
                 Hurtado and Ren{\'e} Espinoza Alvarado and Jayro
                 Guti{\'e}rrez and Jos{\'e} Carlos Huechucoy and
                 Guillermo Valenzuela-Olea and Alice Turner",
  title =        "Evaluating the Bioremediation Capacity of the
                 Polychaete \bioname{Perinereis gualpensis} ({Jeldes},
                 1963) for \geoname{Atlantic} Salmon Aquaculture
                 Sludge",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "417",
  day =          "15",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080417",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/417",
  abstract =     "The potential of polychaetes for the bioremediation of
                 aquaculture sludge gained more attention in recent
                 years. These organisms can reduce organic matter and
                 nutrients contained in the sludge of several
                 aquaculture species, improving the sustainability of
                 these activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate
                 the removal performance of Perinereis gualpensis
                 (Jeldes, 1963) being fed with aquaculture sludge
                 produced by a recirculating system cultivating Atlantic
                 salmon. The experiment involved adding different
                 amounts of sludge (10\% and 20\% with respect to total
                 substrate) at a density of 300 organisms m {$-$2}
                 during 30 days. A treatment without sludge served as a
                 control, using natural substrate. The highest removal
                 rate of total organic matter (TOM) (23.95 {\pm} 13.19 g
                 m {$-$2} day {$-$1}) was achieved by P. gualpensis with
                 20\% sludge addition, a reduction of about 36\%
                 compared to the total amount added at the beginning of
                 the trials. The organisms fed with aquaculture sludge
                 presented higher nitrogen (8--9\%) and carbon
                 (40--43\%) contents, with a maximum organic carbon
                 assimilation of 32\% in relation to the total content
                 in the sludge. The high survival (88--95\%) and
                 positive growth rates (0.28\% day {$-$1}) achieved by
                 P. gualpensis indicated that this species can be
                 sustained with salmon sludge as the only source of
                 food. These results indicate that P. gualpensis is a
                 promising candidate for removing nutrients from salmon
                 effluents. Moreover, the protein contents achieved by
                 the organisms (52--58\%) meet the dietary protein
                 requirements of several aquaculture species. Further
                 research is needed to determine the maximum
                 bioremediation capacity of this species and to evaluate
                 the lipid content and fatty acid profiles of P.
                 gualpensis to determine its potential application in
                 aquaculture feed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wikumpriya:2023:MCG,
  author =       "Gunasekara Chathura Wikumpriya and Madhuranga
                 Walawedurage Srinith Prabhatha and Jiye Lee and
                 Chan-Hee Kim",
  title =        "Molecular Cloning and Gene Expression of Type {I}
                 Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling 6 and 7 (\gene{SOCS6}
                 and \gene{SOCS7}) in Whiteleg Shrimp
                 (\bioname{Litopenaeus vannamei})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "416",
  day =          "14",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080416",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/416",
  abstract =     "Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) genes are
                 essential negative regulators that modulate cytokine
                 signaling and play key roles in numerous biological
                 processes, including immune responses. In this study,
                 we cloned the complementary DNA (cDNA) sequences of two
                 SOCS genes, designated as Lv SOCS6 and Lv SOCS7, from
                 the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Lv SOCS6
                 encoded a polypeptide of 463 amino acids (aas),
                 spanning 1392 base pairs (bps), while Lv SOCS7 encoded
                 a significantly larger polypeptide of 955 aas,
                 encompassing 2868 bps. Both Lv SOCS proteins exhibited
                 conserved domains associated with SOCS, including a
                 centralized Src homology 2 (SH2) domain and a
                 C-terminal SOCS box. Phylogenetic analysis revealed
                 that the deduced aa sequences of Lv SOCS6 and Lv SOCS7
                 clustered within the invertebrate type I SOCS family,
                 indicating their evolutionary relatedness. Tissue
                 distribution analysis demonstrated ubiquitous
                 expression of both Lv SOCS genes across all examined
                 tissues, with Lv SOCS6 showing heightened expression in
                 the gills and Lv SOCS7 in the gills and stomach.
                 Notably, mRNA expression patterns of Lv SOCS genes
                 following LPS and poly (I:C) stimulations exhibited
                 significant upregulations, while PGN stimulation
                 yielded incongruous results across the examined
                 tissues. Interestingly, concurrent with the diminished
                 expression of Lv SOCS6 and Lv SOCS7, there was
                 significant elevation in mRNA expression levels of Lv
                 STAT, a vital component of the Janus kinase
                 (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription
                 (STAT) pathway. These findings shed light on the
                 potential involvement of the newly discovered type I
                 SOCS genes in regulating the JAK/STAT pathways and
                 playing pivotal roles in orchestrating the innate
                 immune responses in L. vannamei defense mechanisms.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kim:2023:DMP,
  author =       "Eun-Mi Kim and Mi-Nan Lee and Chun-Mae Dong and
                 Jae-Koo Noh and Eun-Soo Noh and Woo-Jin Kim and Bo-Hye
                 Nam and Young-Ok Kim",
  title =        "Development of a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
                 Method for Rapid and Accurate Identification of
                 \bioname{Girella punctata} and \bioname{G. leonina}
                 ({Teleostei: Girellidae})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "415",
  day =          "12",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080415",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/415",
  abstract =     "Girella punctata and Girella leonina are economically
                 important species found in the East Sea; along the
                 southern coast of Korea; south of Hokkaido, Japan;
                 around Taiwan; and in the East China sea. In Korea,
                 these two species hold high value, particularly on Jeju
                 Island. These species have similar appearances, and it
                 is challenging to distinguish them, particularly during
                 the seed period. We detected genetic differences in the
                 mtDNA (COI gene) of G. punctata and G. leonina, which
                 are morphologically indistinguishable, and developed
                 species-specific genetic markers for their
                 identification. In total, 16 and 4 haplotypes of the
                 COI genes were obtained from G. punctata (n = 164) and
                 G. leonina (n = 36), respectively. The haplotype
                 diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (Pi, \%) of the
                 COI were 0.359 and 0.054 for G. punctata and 0.560 and
                 0.078 for G. leonina, respectively. We designed a
                 Girella species common primer (control) and
                 species-specific primer sets (experimental) for the two
                 species. Amplicon sizes of 991, 579, and 391 bp were
                 obtained for common primers of the two Girella species
                 G. punctata and G. leonina. To confirm multiple targets
                 in a single reaction, multiplex PCR conditions were
                 optimized to adjust its resolution and accuracy. The
                 detection levels of the multiplex PCR were confirmed to
                 be 0.01 ng/{\SGMLmicro}L for the two Girella species.
                 The multiplex PCR was not associated with
                 cross-reactivity between G. punctata and G. leonina.
                 This multiplex species-specific PCR method provides a
                 simple and rapid technique for the identification of
                 two Girella species, thus increasing the efficiency and
                 quality of Girella species stock management and
                 forensic identification to prevent species
                 misidentification.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dara:2023:FWA,
  author =       "Mariano Dara and Pierluigi Carbonara and Claudia {La
                 Corte} and Daniela Parrinello and Matteo Cammarata and
                 Maria Giovanna Parisi",
  title =        "Fish Welfare in Aquaculture: Physiological and
                 Immunological Activities for Diets, Social and Spatial
                 Stress on \geoname{Mediterranean} Aqua Cultured
                 Species",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "414",
  day =          "12",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080414",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/414",
  abstract =     "Welfare assessment currently is less
                 well-characterized for aquatic animals and the
                 classical methodologies used for terrestrial animals
                 are not adequate to improve our knowledge about fish
                 well-being. Among different approaches, the status of
                 organism responses can be carried out using different
                 physiological and biochemical tools. Here, we present
                 the state of the art regarding fish welfare,
                 methodologies, and experimental results with a
                 particular focus on two important Mediterranean
                 aquaculture species, Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus
                 labrax. We introduce an approach using physiological
                 stress-indicators, growth performance and swimming
                 activity to investigate the effects of the implantation
                 of electronic tags to facilitate the application of
                 telemetry for aquaculture purposes. The application of
                 telemetry to research on aquatic organisms has expanded
                 recently, and its utilization needs to be better
                 understood. The mentioned approaches have been
                 discussed for application in different aquaculture
                 methodologies. Moreover, social stress and
                 territoriality are relevant factors in the evaluation
                 of gregarious species that may have consequences on the
                 conditions of animals farmed in captivity. These
                 aspects, that may impair the ability of fish to respond
                 to various stimuli or negatively influence the flesh
                 quality, here are analysed through behavioural
                 observation, flanked by the physiological and
                 immunological approach.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2023:OPA,
  author =       "Shuo Wang and Yingxia He and Feng Xi and Ying Liang
                 and Shaowei Zhai",
  title =        "Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins Alleviate the Detrimental
                 Effects of Dietary Histamine on Intestinal Health of
                 Juvenile \geoname{American} Eels (\bioname{Anguilla
                 rostrata})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "413",
  day =          "12",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080413",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/413",
  abstract =     "This study was conducted to evaluate the oligomeric
                 proanthocyanidins (OPC) in alleviating the detrimental
                 effects of intestinal health caused by dietary
                 histamine in juvenile American eels (Anguilla
                 rostrata). A total of 480 fish with a similar body
                 weight of 10.84 {\pm} 0.16 g were randomly divided into
                 four groups, and there were the control group fed a
                 basal diet, the HIS group fed a diet with a high level
                 of histamine (534 mg/kg), the H + OPC I group fed the
                 high histamine diet with 300 mg/kg OPC, and the H + OPC
                 II group fed the high histamine diet with 600 mg/kg
                 OPC, respectiviely. After the fish were fed the trial
                 diets for 77 days, the intestinal samples were taken,
                 and the related parameters of intestinal health were
                 analyzed. Dietary 300 mg/kg or 600 mg/kg OPC could
                 reverse the decreased activities of lipase, protease,
                 and glutathione peroxidase and the level of total
                 antioxidant capacity, the increased intestinal
                 malondialdehyde and D-lactate acid levels and the
                 activity of diamine oxidase in serum, and the decreased
                 villus height caused by a high level of dietary
                 histamine. There were no significant differences above
                 all the indices between the H + OPC I group and the H +
                 OPC II group. The higher relative abundances of
                 potentially pathogenic bacteria were induced by the
                 high level of dietary histamine. Dietary 300 mg/kg OPC
                 might increase the relative abundance of the potential
                 probiotics and inhibit the colonization of intestinal
                 pathogenic bacteria of juvenile American eels exposed
                 to the stress of high dietary hisatamine. The
                 intestinal health status of the H + OPC groups was
                 similar to that of the control group. These results
                 suggested that dietary 300 mg/kg OPC might alleviate
                 the detrimental effects of dietary 534 mg/kg histamine
                 on the intestine health of juvenile American eels by
                 increasing the activity of digestive enzymes, improving
                 the antioxidative potential and barrier function, and
                 beneficially modulating the intestinal microbiota.
                 Dietary 600 mg/kg OPC could not exert further
                 improvement in growth performance and the intestinal
                 health of juvenile American eels.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Murie:2023:AGF,
  author =       "Debra J. Murie and Daryl C. Parkyn and Christopher C.
                 Koenig and Felicia C. Coleman and Christopher R.
                 Malinowski and Jessica A. Cusick and Robert D. Ellis",
  title =        "Age, Growth, and Functional Gonochorism with a Twist
                 of Diandric Protogyny in Goliath Grouper from the
                 \geoname{Atlantic Coast of Florida}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "412",
  day =          "11",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080412",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/412",
  abstract =     "The lack of data on the age, growth, and reproduction
                 of the Atlantic Goliath Grouper Epinephelus itajara off
                 the coasts of Florida (USA) makes it difficult to
                 estimate the extent of their population recovery
                 following the 1990 fishery closure, as well as the
                 potential effects of the recent (2023) opening of a
                 fishery for juveniles. Goliath Grouper from the
                 Atlantic coast of Florida were non-lethally sampled for
                 size (total length, TL), age (via fin rays), and sex
                 and reproductive stage (via gonad biopsies, milt/egg
                 expression, gonopores) from May to October 2010--2016.
                 Of 653 unique fish captured (not including 118
                 recaptures), 257 (39.4\%) were females (122--228 cm TL;
                 5--20 years old), 264 (40.0\%) were males (104--225 cm
                 TL; 4--22 years old), 100 (15.3\%) were unsexed
                 (82--211 cm TL; 3--15 years old), and 32 (4.9\%) were
                 protogynous hermaphrodites (108--209 cm TL; 5--20 years
                 old). Protogyny was conclusively determined in two fish
                 recaptured and re-biopsied that had transitioned from
                 female to male. However, an overlap in the age and size
                 of males and females, a 1:1 sex ratio, and the presence
                 of relatively small, young, mature males, in
                 combination with an apparently low functional sex
                 change rate, all indicated that the sexual pattern of
                 Goliath Grouper was functionally gonochoristic with the
                 potential for diandric protogyny. Females {$>$} 10
                 years old were larger-at-age than males, and Goliath
                 Grouper from the Atlantic coast were larger-at-age than
                 fish from the Gulf of Mexico. These differences in age,
                 growth, and reproductive strategy --- as well as the
                 nascent fishery for juveniles --- need to be monitored
                 closely so that the current and future reproductive
                 capacity of the population continues to ensure growth
                 and sustainability.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Antognazza:2023:CHG,
  author =       "Caterina M. Antognazza and Anja Palanda{\'c}i{\'c} and
                 Giovanni B. Delmastro and Giuseppe Crosa and Serena
                 Zaccara",
  title =        "Current and Historical Genetic Variability of Native
                 Brown Trout Populations in a Southern Alpine Ecosystem:
                 Implications for Future Management",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "411",
  day =          "10",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080411",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See correction \cite{Antognazza:2023:CAA}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/411",
  abstract =     "The highly polymorphic taxon European brown trout
                 (genus Salmo) has high phenotypic plasticity,
                 displaying a complex pattern of morphological and
                 life-history variation, contributing to taxonomic
                 confusion. Three main mitochondrial lineages (Adriatic,
                 Mediterranean, and marmoratus) developed during the
                 Pleistocene climatic events in the southern Alpine
                 ecosystem. Here, the natural distribution of native
                 brown trout S. trutta is controversial, complicated by
                 introductions of the Atlantic strain. By investigating
                 museum vouchers, this study aimed to retrace the
                 historical presence of brown trout in the southern
                 Alpine ecosystem before the beginning of mass
                 introductions, which occurred since the middle of the
                 19th century. By examining the combination of
                 historical and current genetic variability, this study
                 aims to depict the actual impact of introductions of
                 the introduced strain, increasing knowledge and
                 informing conservation strategies and future management
                 plans. The molecular approaches selected were: (i)
                 sequencing of the mitochondrial control region and (ii)
                 genotyping of the nuclear gene LDH-C1 *. Vouchers dated
                 the presence of the native Adriatic strain since 1821,
                 while current genetic variability showed the widespread
                 signature of introgression, a consequence of several
                 decades of introductions. Focused plans to preserve
                 local lineages are urgently needed, including
                 short-term solution to avoid complete pauperization of
                 this ecosystem.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:DAE,
  author =       "Yongtao Li and Zhaolong Cheng and Tao Zuo and
                 Mingxiang Niu and Ruisheng Chen and Jun Wang",
  title =        "Distribution and Abundance of the \geoname{East Asian}
                 Finless Porpoise in the Coastal Waters of
                 \geoname{Shandong Peninsula, Yellow Sea, China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "410",
  day =          "10",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080410",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/410",
  abstract =     "The baseline data pertaining to the population of the
                 East Asian finless porpoise (Neophocaena
                 asiaeorientalis sunameri) in Chinese waters are
                 significantly deficient. Boat-based visual line
                 transect surveys were conducted from 2018 to 2020 to
                 evaluate the distribution and abundance of the East
                 Asian finless porpoise in the coastal waters (depth
                 {$<$} 30 m) of the Yellow Sea, with a specific focus on
                 the Shandong Peninsula. A total of 50 transects
                 covering 2705 km were conducted, encompassing an area
                 of 23,604 km 2 between {119$^\circ $}30{\prime}
                 E--{123$^\circ $}15{\prime} E and {35$^\circ
                 $}25{\prime} N--{38$^\circ $} N. Throughout the
                 surveys, a total of 117 East Asian finless porpoise
                 groups were detected, with over 90\% of these groups
                 occurring within 15 km of the coast or adjacent
                 islands. The estimated abundance of the East Asian
                 finless porpoise in the study area was determined to be
                 3978 individuals (CV = 22.39\%, 95\% CI = 2561--6177),
                 reflecting a low density of 0.169 individuals/km 2 (CV
                 = 22.39\%, 95\% CI = 0.109--0.262) within the coastal
                 waters of the Yellow Sea in the Shandong Peninsula. The
                 findings highlight the need for conservation measures
                 to address the threats faced by this species, including
                 bycatch, habitat degradation, and pollution. The
                 establishment of marine protected areas and the
                 implementation of bycatch mitigation measures are
                 crucial for the long-term survival of the East Asian
                 finless porpoise population in the study area. By
                 providing valuable data on the distribution and
                 abundance of the East Asian finless porpoise, this
                 study contributes to our understanding of the
                 population dynamics and conservation status of this
                 threatened species in the Yellow Sea of the Shandong
                 Peninsula.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Garcia-Marquez:2023:PEM,
  author =       "Jorge Garc{\'\i}a-M{\'a}rquez and Marta
                 Dom{\'\i}nguez-Maqueda and Miguel Torres and Isabel M.
                 Cerezo and Eva Ramos and Francisco Javier Alarc{\'o}n
                 and Juan Miguel Mancera and Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
                 and Miguel {\'A}ngel Mori{\~n}igo and Mar{\'\i}a Carmen
                 Balebona",
  title =        "Potential Effects of Microalgae-Supplemented Diets on
                 the Growth, Blood Parameters, and the Activity of the
                 Intestinal Microbiota in \bioname{Sparus aurata} and
                 \bioname{Mugil cephalus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "409",
  day =          "09",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080409",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/409",
  abstract =     "This work aimed to assess the suitability of a
                 microalgal blend as a dietary ingredient for feeding
                 juveniles of marine carnivorous and herbivorous
                 teleost, as is the case of Sparus aurata and Mugil
                 cephalus, respectively, and to isolate microorganisms
                 from different media and characterize them on the base
                 of their enzymatic activities and their antagonism
                 against important fish pathogens. Thirty juveniles of
                 each species (70 {\pm} 3.2 g S. aurata mean weight and
                 47 {\pm} 2.8 g M. cephalus mean weight) were
                 distributed in four tanks (15 individuals each)
                 corresponding to four independent dietary treatments
                 (control and microalgae diets designed for each
                 species). Fish were fed their corresponding diets ad
                 libitum for 108 days. At the end of the trial, fish
                 were weighed, and plasma, liver, perivisceral fat, and
                 the entire intestines were obtained for the evaluation
                 of growth performance and metabolic assessment.
                 Furthermore, 117 bacterial strains were isolated in
                 different culture media from the gastrointestinal tract
                 of S. aurata fed the microalgae blend and further
                 characterized for their potential use as probiotics in
                 aquaculture. S. aurata fed the microalgae-supplemented
                 diet (25\% dietary inclusion) showed a significant
                 increase in weight gain, specific growth rate, feed
                 efficiency, hepatosomatic, and intestine length
                 indices. However, growth performance and somatic
                 indices in M. cephalus were not affected by the
                 experimental diets. Plasma samples from S. aurata fed
                 the microalgal diet revealed higher levels of glucose
                 and triglycerides and a decrease in cortisol levels. No
                 significant differences were found in any biochemical
                 parameters among the experimental diets in M. cephalus.
                 In conclusion, both species demonstrated a favorable
                 adaptation to the nutritional formulation employed in
                 this study, and bacterial strains UMA-169 and UMA-216
                 (both identified as Bacillus pumilus) could be
                 considered for use in aquaculture as they might benefit
                 host health by improving digestion and absorption of
                 different energy sources and by minimizing the
                 colonization of pathogenic species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Lattos:2023:ADM,
  author =       "Athanasios Lattos and Dimitrios K. Papadopoulos and
                 Konstantinos Feidantsis and Ioannis A. Giantsis and
                 Ioannis Georgoulis and Dimitrios Karagiannis and Basile
                 Michaelidis",
  title =        "Antioxidant Defense of \bioname{Mytilus
                 galloprovincialis} Mussels Induced by Marine Heatwaves
                 in Correlation with \bioname{Marteilia} Pathogen
                 Presence",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "408",
  day =          "08",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080408",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/408",
  abstract =     "Background: The effects of climate change negatively
                 affect marine bivalves' health. Lately, the intensity
                 of marine heatwaves poses serious threats to the
                 aquatic environment setting of high-risk bivalve
                 farming. Since temperature increases can jeopardize
                 bivalves' immunity response, pathogen infection becomes
                 more evident. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production,
                 increased during the process of phagocytosis, is
                 confronted by the animals' antioxidant defense system.
                 However, apart from pathogenic infections, antioxidant
                 defense responses are also induced by seawater
                 temperature increases; Methods: To enlighten the
                 antioxidant status of Mytilus galloprovincialis
                 originating from mortality events enhanced by intense
                 heatwaves in Thermaikos Gulf, northern Greece, along
                 with Marteilia refringens infection, we examined the
                 expression of genes related to antioxidant defense
                 (catalase, CuSOD and mt10) along with the lipid
                 peroxidation levels and activity levels of antioxidant
                 enzymes (catalase, SOD and glutathione reductase);
                 Results: Our results exhibited increased levels of all
                 these biomarkers. This increase was intensified in the
                 Marteilia infected individuals; Conclusions: Our
                 findings shed light on the oxidative and antioxidant
                 status of farmed mussels led to mortality in the
                 context of Marteilia infection. The latter is augmented
                 by the synergistic effect of heatwaves causing a
                 significant increase in oxidative damage and subsequent
                 antioxidant defense.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fedder:2023:SDM,
  author =       "Jens Fedder",
  title =        "Sex Determination and Male Differentiation in Southern
                 Swordtail Fishes: Evaluation from an Evolutionary
                 Perspective",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "407",
  day =          "06",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080407",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/407",
  abstract =     "Southern swordtail fishes, which belong to the
                 viviparous teleosts called Xiphophorus, are unique
                 models for studies of evolution of sex chromosomes.
                 Monofactorial sex-determining systems, with either the
                 male or the female being the heterogametic sex, as well
                 as sex determination involving more than two sex
                 chromosomes, are found in swordtails and related
                 species. Some swordtail species seem to have originated
                 by crossing between two closely related species.
                 Although the sword has disappeared in many Xiphophorus
                 species during evolution, females of non-sworded
                 species still prefer sworded males, demonstrating a
                 discrepancy between natural and sexual selection.
                 Natural sex change has not been documented sufficiently
                 convincingly in swordtails, but, at least in some
                 subspecies, two or more male phenotypes exist. In a
                 laboratory experiment performed for over 30 years, it
                 has been observed that sex-determining genes may be
                 translocated from one chromosome to another in hybrids
                 of these evolutionary young species. While the factors
                 suggested to play central roles in sex determination
                 and differentiation, e.g., Dmrt1 and AMH, are highly
                 conserved during evolution, several master determining
                 factors have been detected in teleosts.
                 Endocrine-induced sex reversal has been demonstrated in
                 the guppy Poecilia reticulata, another viviparous fish.
                 In swordtails (X. helleri), endocrine disruptors such
                 as nonylphenol and bisphenol A may cause testis cell
                 degeneration and the inhibition of spermatogenesis.
                 Furthermore, swordtails are very easy to breed in
                 freshwater aquaria and, therefore, may be good models
                 for studying the factors influencing sex determination
                 and male differentiation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Schemmel:2023:HEH,
  author =       "Eva Schemmel and Nancy J. Brown-Peterson",
  title =        "Handling Effects on Histological Identification of
                 Female Reproductive Status: Examples from Tropical
                 Deepwater Snappers",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "406",
  day =          "04",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080406",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/406",
  abstract =     "Post-mortem ovarian tissue degradation from handling
                 effects, such as delays in preservation, can lead to
                 inaccurate reproductive assessments. Therefore, it is
                 important to understand the differences between
                 handling effects and natural ovarian atresia. Seven
                 treatments of various holding temperatures and times to
                 preservation were applied to whole fish and extracted
                 ovaries of three tropical deepwater snapper species.
                 Ovarian post-mortem degradation was observed at 12 h at
                 ambient temperature and after 48 h iced or refrigerated
                 for both whole fish and extracted ovaries; however,
                 degradation did not adversely affect correct
                 reproductive phase classification in fishes stored in
                 ice from 12 to 48 h post-capture. A clear histological
                 indicator of post-mortem degradation was the breakdown
                 of ooplasm organelles at the oocyte periphery observed
                 in vitellogenic and cortical alveolar oocytes. However,
                 the chorion typically remains intact during post-mortem
                 degradation, in contrast to natural atresia. Effects on
                 post-ovulatory follicles were most discernible after 96
                 h on ice or refrigeration. Freezing gonadal tissue
                 resulted in drastic changes to oocyte shape and
                 morphology, making reproductive phase classification
                 challenging. We advise that (1) freezing ovaries should
                 be avoided where possible, and (2) gonad tissue should
                 ideally be preserved immediately but no later than 48 h
                 post-capture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wan:2023:ELP,
  author =       "Shuai Wan and Zhaosheng Sun and Chang Zhang and
                 Tingshuang Pan and Shuya Yuan and Yuxi Chen and Jun Zou
                 and Qian Gao",
  title =        "Effects of {LPS}, Poly ({I:C}) and
                 \bioname{Edwardsiella tarda} on the Expression Patterns
                 of {IL-17} Family Members and Their Receptors in
                 Spotted Sea Bass (\bioname{Lateolabrax maculatus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "405",
  day =          "04",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080405",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/405",
  abstract =     "In fish, the immune system plays a crucial role in
                 defending against pathogen-induced infections. The
                 interleukin 17 (IL-17) family, which is a well-studied
                 class of cytokines, serves as a key component of the
                 immune response against external pathogens. In this
                 research, four IL-17 ligands (IL-17A/F1, IL-17B, IL-17C
                 and IL-17D) and one receptor (IL-17RB) genes were
                 identified from spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax
                 maculatus). Alignment analysis showed that the
                 C-terminal region of IL-17 ligands in spotted sea bass
                 was highly conserved. The expression of the IL-17
                 ligand and receptor genes differed in unstimulated
                 tissues. To investigate the impact of various factors
                 on the immune response of spotted sea bass, we assessed
                 the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS),
                 polyinosinic--polycytidylic acid [poly (I:C)] and
                 Edwardsiella tarda treatment on the IL-17 ligands and
                 receptor responses. Our results reveal that the
                 expression of the IL-17 ligand and receptor transcripts
                 is modulated by LPS, poly (I:C) and E. tarda,
                 indicating their significant role in the immune
                 system.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Batista:2023:SLS,
  author =       "Rosana Oliveira Batista and Bianca Leticia Richter and
                 Jorge Filipe Banze and Delano Dias Schleder and Maria
                 Salhi and Renata Oselame Nobrega and Maria Fernanda
                 Oliveira da Silva and Bruna Mattioni and James Eugene
                 Pettigrew and D{\'e}bora Machado Fracalossi",
  title =        "Soy Lecithin Supplementation Promotes Growth and
                 Increases Lipid Digestibility in {GIFT} \geoname{Nile}
                 Tilapia Raised at Suboptimal Temperature",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "404",
  day =          "03",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080404",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/404",
  abstract =     "Soy lecithin (SL) is a source of phospholipids, which
                 play a crucial role in determining cell membrane
                 structure, fluidity, and functionality. This study
                 investigated the effects of dietary SL on the
                 performance, nutrient digestibility, and body
                 composition of Nile tilapia juveniles (average initial
                 weight 12.2 g) raised at 22 {$^\circ $}C. The
                 experimental diets contained increasing levels of SL
                 (0.0, 21.0, 43.0, and 64.0 g kg {$-$1}). The best
                 weight gain and feed efficiency occurred with 42.2 and
                 49.8 g kg {$-$1} of SL inclusion, respectively,
                 estimated through quadratic regression after 90 days of
                 feeding. The body composition of the fish was also
                 affected by feeding with SL, with a decrease in total
                 body lipids and viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic
                 indices but an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids.
                 A digestibility trial using only two diets (0SLD and
                 43SLD) revealed increased lipid and fatty acids
                 digestibility in fish fed with 43SLD. In addition, the
                 consumption of digestible nutrients was the highest in
                 fish fed the diet 43SL. Therefore, SL supplementation
                 is beneficial in fall/spring diets for Nile tilapia
                 juveniles as it can improve growth, lipid
                 digestibility, and body composition when supplemented
                 within the range of 42 to 50 g kg {$-$1} diet.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fitzpatrick:2023:EPF,
  author =       "Ryan M. Fitzpatrick and David W. Longrie and Ryan J.
                 Friebertshauser and H. Paul Foutz",
  title =        "Evaluation of a Prefabricated Fish Passage Design for
                 \geoname{Great Plains} Fishes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "403",
  day =          "03",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080403",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/403",
  abstract =     "Connectivity is critical for stream fish persistence,
                 and fish passage structures are a useful conservation
                 tool to reconnect fragmented systems. The design of
                 fish passage structures is a tradeoff between the area
                 available for construction, slope, and costs associated
                 with the structure. The Longrie--Fecteau fish passage
                 structure was designed to be modular, adjustable to
                 barrier-specific needs, and to have a low slope (2\%)
                 to pass small-bodied fishes. We evaluated fish passage
                 through this structure in Fountain Creek, Colorado,
                 USA, via a PIT tag mark--recapture study. We documented
                 four native Great Plains fish species successfully
                 ascending the passage structure, with most passage
                 occurring at night. We estimated a 3\% probability of a
                 released fish entering the structure, then 89\% and
                 99\% passage to the midpoint and exit of the 123 m
                 structure, respectively. Low entrance efficiency was
                 due to low recapture probability of small-bodied study
                 organisms in a relatively large system, and the low
                 percentage of space of the entryway on this barrier
                 ({$<$3}\% of the length of the barrier). Fish that
                 entered the structure ascended quickly, with median
                 time for successful ascent of 19 min, and minimum time
                 of 6 min. The Longrie--Fecteau fish passage structure
                 is a conservation tool that may broaden the adoption of
                 fish passage structures for small-bodied fishes due to
                 its modularity and low slope.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Akgun:2023:RTB,
  author =       "Yagmur Akgun and Ekin Akoglu",
  title =        "{Randall}'s Threadfin Bream (\bioname{Nemipterus
                 randalli}, {Russell} 1986) Poses a Potential Threat to
                 the \geoname{Northeastern Mediterranean Sea} Food Web",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "402",
  day =          "03",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080402",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/402",
  abstract =     "The eastern Mediterranean Sea is one of the most
                 invaded marine ecosystems due to the introduction of
                 Lessepsian species, which migrated from the Red Sea to
                 the Mediterranean Sea following the construction of the
                 Suez Canal. Some of these species may initially appear
                 to be beneficial for fisheries by providing additional
                 income sources for fishers; however, this usually
                 occurs at the expense of negatively impacted native
                 species and, thus, the ecosystem, which leads to
                 greater economic losses for the fisheries in the long
                 term. Therefore, this study aims to quantify the impact
                 of N. randalli, which is one of the Lessepsian species
                 with increasing commercial importance for the
                 fisheries, on the food web dynamics in a coastal
                 ecosystem in the northeastern Mediterranean Sea using a
                 mass-balance food web modelling approach by
                 capitalising on field data obtained from trawl
                 samplings conducted within the scope of the study.
                 Results showed that the ecosystem was in a
                 developmental stage and experienced an autotrophic
                 succession. The keystone fish group with a structuring
                 role in the food web was sea breams and porgies.
                 Although N. randalli had positive impacts on certain
                 commercially exploited indigenous demersal fish species
                 by mitigating the negative impact of another Lessepsian
                 species, i.e., Saurida undosquamis (Richardson, 1848),
                 in the food web, it had a negative impact on the
                 keystone group of the food web, i.e., sea breams and
                 porgies. Therefore, N. randalli poses a potential
                 threat to the ecosystem's structure, and the
                 interactions of N. randalli with other species in the
                 food web may instigate an ecosystem reorganisation in
                 the future. We suggest targeted fisheries exploitation
                 and incentives for the fishery of N. randalli as
                 management strategies to mitigate its negative impacts.
                 However, the mitigating role of N. randalli in
                 regulating the negative impacts of S. undosquamis could
                 be adversely affected by its increasing exploitation;
                 therefore, future modelling studies should consider
                 scenario simulations to test such effects.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mao:2023:FNP,
  author =       "Xiao-jiang Mao and Kang-le Lu",
  title =        "Fish Nutrition and Physiology",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "401",
  day =          "02",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080401",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/401",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Tserkova:2023:BPB,
  author =       "Feriha M. Tserkova and Vesselina V. Mihneva and Elitsa
                 P. Petrova-Pavlova",
  title =        "Biological Parameters and Biomass and Abundance
                 Indices of Two Demersal Species, Turbot
                 (\bioname{Scophthalmus maximus}) and Thornback Ray
                 (\bioname{Raja clavata}), Estimated by a Trawl Survey
                 in \geoname{Western Black Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "400",
  day =          "02",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080400",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/400",
  abstract =     "In this study, we determined the biological
                 characteristics and indices of abundance and biomass of
                 two demersal species, turbot and thornback ray, through
                 a scientific trawl survey of Bulgarian Black Sea waters
                 in the autumn of 2020. Turbot is among the most
                 valuable fish species in the Black Sea, and thornback
                 ray is a sensitive cartilaginous species with a
                 significantly declining abundance throughout the
                 Mediterranean region. The stock biomass of turbot was
                 estimated at 1467.6 tons, with a relative abundance of
                 896,922 individuals, and those of the thornback ray
                 were 1187.9 tons and 519,606 individuals, respectively.
                 Mean turbot abundance, interpolated into {0.5$^\circ $}
                 latitude/longitude grid cells, ranged between 52 and
                 120 ind{\cdot}km {$-$2}, with a mean biomass of
                 78.26--238.31 kg{\cdot}km {$-$2}, and for the thornback
                 ray, these indices were within the limits of 0--107
                 ind{\cdot}km {$-$2} and 0--219 kg{\cdot}km {$-$2}. The
                 distribution of the different length classes of the two
                 fish species by depth layer was analyzed.
                 Length--weight relationships were estimated based on
                 combined samples of both sexes and separately for
                 female and male individuals, allowing a better
                 understanding of growth patterns.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Samy-Kamal:2023:MET,
  author =       "Mohamed Samy-Kamal and Tatiana Shulezhko and Natalia
                 Lisitcyna",
  title =        "Marine Endangered and Threatened Species in
                 \geoname{Russia}: a Review of Current Conservation
                 Strategies and Management Legislative Tools",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "399",
  day =          "02",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080399",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/399",
  abstract =     "Despite the global decline in marine species
                 biodiversity, relatively few countries have enacted
                 national endangered and threatened species legislation.
                 Tailoring an adequate legislative framework with clear
                 objectives and regulations consistent with the
                 available scientific evidence is fundamental for the
                 effective conservation of marine endangered and
                 threatened species. This paper analyzes the legal
                 framework and current institutional tools for the
                 conservation of marine endangered and threatened
                 species in the Russian Federation. In this regard,
                 important legislative tools include federal laws, as
                 well as internationally binding signed agreements,
                 among others, such as the Convention on International
                 Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
                 (CITES) and the Convention on Wetlands of International
                 Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar). A
                 strategy and an action plan for the conservation of
                 biological diversity were also developed. Besides, the
                 most important tool for the conservation and protection
                 of marine endangered and threatened species is the Red
                 Book of the Russian Federation (RBRF) and other
                 regional Red Books. Responsibility for causing harm to
                 the species listed in the RBRF and their habitat is
                 specified in the code of administrative offenses and
                 the criminal code of the Russian Federation. Finally,
                 conclusions and identified gaps were highlighted in the
                 last section, including, among other things, that
                 legislation is still limited in how it takes the
                 impacts of climate change into account. Such type of
                 study is highly recommended, considering the relatively
                 few number of papers dedicated to the study of the
                 impact and/or implications of the conservation tools
                 and strategies mentioned in this paper on the status of
                 the marine endangered and threatened species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ellis:2023:SMA,
  author =       "Robert D. Ellis and Christopher C. Koenig and James V.
                 Locascio and Christopher R. Malinowski and Felicia C.
                 Coleman",
  title =        "Spawning Migrations of the \geoname{Atlantic} Goliath
                 Grouper along the \geoname{Florida Atlantic Coast}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "398",
  day =          "01",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080398",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/398",
  abstract =     "Atlantic goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara), the
                 largest reef fish in the Western Atlantic, exhibit high
                 site fidelity to home reefs but also undertake annual
                 migrations to distant spawning sites. Once relatively
                 common throughout Florida and the Caribbean, the
                 species; is now considered vulnerable (i.e., threatened
                 with extinction) due to overfishing and loss of
                 juvenile mangrove habitat. Goliath grouper in the
                 southeastern US form annual spawning aggregations on
                 high-relief reefs located offshore of both the Gulf and
                 Atlantic coasts of Florida, US. To determine spawning
                 site fidelity and describe migration patterns to
                 aggregations, we implanted 50 adult goliath grouper
                 with acoustic transmitter tags from 2010 to 2013. Fish
                 were tagged at known spawning sites off the Florida
                 Atlantic coast and tracked as they moved through the
                 FACT Network array of acoustic receivers. From 2010 to
                 2020, we collected $ \approx $7 million detections from
                 tagged goliath grouper at 153 sites along the
                 southeastern US Atlantic coast. Results of this
                 long-term tracking indicate that adult goliath grouper
                 are relatively sedentary during non-spawning months
                 (Nov to June) but move significantly more prior to,
                 during, and immediately after spawning (July to Oct).
                 Inter-annual spawning site fidelity was high: between
                 80--93\% of tagged fish returned to the same spawning
                 sites each year. Arrival timing at spawning sites
                 coincided with the August new moon, with males arriving
                 earlier than females. Some individuals migrated
                 distances greater than 400-km per year, with observed
                 migration rates of up to 44-km per day prior to
                 spawning. Long-term tagging data are critical for
                 understanding movement patterns and developing
                 management strategies for this species of special
                 conservation concern.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shi:2023:EFG,
  author =       "Lian Shi and Junjie Zhang and Lingmin Zhao and Qi Li
                 and Lixing Huang and Yingxue Qin and Qingpi Yan",
  title =        "Effect of the Flagellar Gene \gene{fliL} on the
                 Virulence of \bioname{Pseudomonas plecoglossicida} to
                 Hybrid Grouper (\bioname{Epinephelus fuscoguttatus}
                 [female sign] $ \times $ \bioname{E. lanceolatus} [male
                 sign])",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "397",
  day =          "01",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080397",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Thu Sep 14 11:07:45 MDT 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/8/397",
  abstract =     "Pseudomonas plecoglossicida is the pathogen of
                 visceral white spot disease in marine fish, which
                 usually occurs at 16--19 {$^\circ $}C and has resulted
                 in heavy economic losses. Our previous RNA sequencing
                 revealed that the expression of the fliL gene in P.
                 plecoglossicida was significantly up-regulated during
                 infection of the host. In order to study the influence
                 of the fliL gene on the virulence of P.
                 plecoglossicida, the fliL gene of the NZBD9 strain was
                 knocked out by the homologous recombination method, the
                 fliL gene-deleted strain ({\Delta} fliL strain)
                 constructed, and complemented the fliL gene to the
                 {\Delta} fliL strain to obtain the C-{\Delta} fliL
                 strain. The growth curves of the NZBD9 strain, {\Delta}
                 fliL strain, and C-{\Delta} fliL strain did not show
                 significant differences. Compared with the NZBD9
                 strain, the motility, adhesion, and biofilm formation
                 ability were tendered in the {\Delta} fliL strain (p
                 {$<$} 0.05); the complement of the fliL gene enhanced
                 these abilities to the level of the NZBD9 strain. The
                 results of artificial infection experiments showed that
                 the LD 50 of NZBD9 strain, {\Delta} fliL strain, and
                 C-{\Delta} fliL strain in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus
                 fuscoguttatus {\SGMLfemale} $ \times $ E. lanceolatus
                 {\SGMLmale}) were 5.0 $ \times $ 10 3 CFU/fish, 6.3 $
                 \times $ 10 4 CFU/fish, and 1.3 $ \times $ 10 3
                 CFU/fish, respectively. RNA sequencing was performed on
                 wild-type strains and {\Delta} fliL strains. A total of
                 126 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened
                 (p {$<$} 0.05), of which 114 were downregulated and 12
                 were upcontrolled, among which several genes related to
                 the six-type secretion system and transport activity
                 were significantly downregulated. The DEGs were aligned
                 to the GO and KEGG databases and enriched to 44 GO
                 pathways and 39 KEGG pathways, respectively. The active
                 pathways of ABC transporters were significantly
                 enriched in both databases. These results indicate that
                 the fliL gene is related to the movement, biofilm
                 formation, and adhesion ability of P. plecoglossicida,
                 and may reduce virulence by affecting substance
                 transport and bacterial secretion.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xu:2023:CDI,
  author =       "Hongxiang Xu and Jindong Ren and Xiaojun Xu and Bao
                 Lou and Demin Zhang",
  title =        "The Composition and Diversity of Intestinal Microbes
                 at Different Growth Stages of Giant Freshwater Prawns
                 (\bioname{Macrobrachium rosenbergii})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "473",
  day =          "21",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090473",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/473",
  abstract =     "Intestinal bacterial communities play an important
                 role in the growth and health of aquatic animal hosts
                 and have drawn increasing attention. However, the role
                 of the intestinal microbiota in the growth of
                 freshwater prawns remains unclear. Here, the intestinal
                 microbiota of freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium
                 rosenbergii) at different life stages (one, two, and
                 three months old) were investigated using 16S rRNA
                 sequencing. The results showed that community richness
                 and diversity increased with growth, which might be one
                 of the reasons that the prawns maintained a fast growth
                 rate before sexual maturation. Three core phyla were
                 identified in the one-month-old group, namely,
                 Firmicutes (79.24\%), Proteobacteria (17.09\%) and
                 Actinobacteriota (2.01\%). Five core phyla were
                 identified in the two-month-old group, including
                 Firmicutes (47.84\%), Proteobacteria (44.22\%),
                 Actinobacteriota (1.83\%), Acidobacteriota (1.66\%) and
                 Bacteroidota (1.24\%), and the core phyla in the
                 three-month-old group were similar, except for
                 Acidobacterota, which was not identified. A total of 12
                 core genera were identified in all samples, and
                 significant differences were observed in the relative
                 abundance of gut microbiota between the three groups (p
                 {$<$} 0.05). Exiguobacterium, Lactococcus and
                 Shewanella were the three most significantly
                 differentially abundant genera between stages. In
                 addition, Candidatus Hepatoplasma was detected only in
                 the two- and three-month-old prawn groups. This study
                 provides information on the differences in the
                 intestinal microbiota in different developmental
                 stages, which contribute to adaptation to salinity in
                 the early developmental stage and digestive ability to
                 meet the growth needs of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Aviles-Polanco:2023:CES,
  author =       "Gerza{\'\i}n Avil{\'e}s-Polanco and Marco Antonio
                 Almendarez-Hern{\'a}ndez and Luis Felipe
                 Beltr{\'a}n-Morales and Fernando Aranceta-Garza",
  title =        "Cost Efficiencies of the Shrimp Fishery in {Mexico}: a
                 Stochastic Frontier Analysis",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "472",
  day =          "21",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090472",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/472",
  abstract =     "Fishing sector fuel subsidies are designed to increase
                 profitability by reducing costs. However, despite the
                 number of liters of fuel subsidized in 2018 in Mexico,
                 there is no information available on the effectiveness
                 of the subsidies in reducing cost inefficiencies. The
                 purpose of this study was to estimate the cost
                 efficiency of shrimp fishing companies in Mexico, as
                 well as measure the impact of fuel subsidies on the
                 cost inefficiency of the sector from 2003 to 2018. The
                 True Fixed Effects model was used to represent a
                 Cobb--Douglas stochastic production frontier, which
                 included a shrimp fishing inefficiencies model. The
                 results indicate that shrimp fishing companies could
                 reduce their costs by 25\% without reducing their catch
                 levels. Fishing companies in the Gulf of Mexico were
                 more efficient than those operating in the Gulf of
                 California and the South Pacific. Fuel subsidies reduce
                 cost inefficiencies, with a greater effect when the
                 subsidy reaches a level of 20\% of the total liters of
                 subsidized fuel.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Linnansaari:2023:RCW,
  author =       "Tommi Linnansaari and Ant{\'o}in M. O'Sullivan and
                 Cindy Breau and Emily M. Corey and Elise N. Collet and
                 R. Allen Curry and Richard A. Cunjak",
  title =        "The Role of Cold-Water Thermal Refuges for Stream
                 Salmonids in a Changing Climate --- Experiences from
                 \geoname{Atlantic Canada}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "471",
  day =          "21",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090471",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/471",
  abstract =     "Thermal refuges are becoming increasingly influential
                 for dictating the population status and spatial
                 distribution of cold-water stenotherm salmonids in the
                 mid- to southern extent of their range. The global
                 climate is predicted to continue to warm, and
                 therefore, the overall thermal suitability of
                 freshwater habitats for stream salmonids is predicted
                 to decline in concert. However, stream and river
                 thermal heterogeneity will offer considerable
                 resiliency for these populations. Thermal refuges are
                 formed by many physical processes; common natural
                 refuges include cold tributary plumes, groundwater
                 springs, alcoves, and hyporheic upwellings. However,
                 many anthropogenically formed refuges (such as
                 stratified reservoirs or cold-water tailrace outflows)
                 also exist in hydropower-regulated rivers. The
                 significance of these refuges to stream salmonids
                 depends on their size and temperature differential, but
                 also other habitat characteristics such as their depth,
                 flow velocity, Froude number, and many biotic factors
                 within the refuges. Modern technologies such as
                 drone-mounted thermal infrared cameras and other remote
                 sensing techniques allow for the efficient
                 identification of such refuges, and inexpensive options
                 include the identification of refuges during ice cover
                 using orthophotographs. Behavioural thermoregulation,
                 i.e., salmonids aggregating in cold-water refuges, can
                 be either facultative or obligate and the timing of
                 these events is governed by life stage, species, and
                 population-specific physiologically regulated
                 cumulative thresholds that are inherently related to
                 the recent thermal history, or hysteresis, of each
                 individual. Salmonids appear to have an excellent
                 spatial cognition for locating and relocating
                 cold-water refuges, and their spatial distribution is
                 largely affected by the availability of the cold-water
                 refuges during the warm-water period in many thermally
                 stressed rivers. Gregarious behaviour is the norm for
                 salmonid fishes within the thermal refuges; however,
                 the size/microhabitat hierarchy appears to dictate the
                 within-refuge distribution at the micro-scale. There
                 continues to be a great impetus for protecting---and in
                 carefully determined cases creating---cold-water
                 refuges in the future. A thorough understanding of what
                 a ``goldilocks'' refuge is for various salmonids and
                 their different life stages will be imperative as
                 cold-water restoration is gaining popularity. Finally,
                 disentangling the roles of the climate-induced and
                 landscape activity-induced warming potential of fluvial
                 freshwater will be important to ensure continued
                 environmentally responsible landscape activities in
                 future waterscapes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Huo:2023:SAE,
  author =       "Yilin Huo and Dazhang Yang and Jing Xie and Zhikang
                 Yang",
  title =        "Simulation Analysis and Experimental Verification of
                 Freezing Time of Tuna under Freezing Conditions",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "470",
  day =          "21",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090470",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/470",
  abstract =     "In order to predict the regular temperature change in
                 tuna during the freezing process for cold chain
                 transportation, improve the quality of frozen tuna, and
                 reduce the energy consumption of freezing equipment, a
                 three-dimensional numerical model for freezing tuna of
                 different sizes was established. An unsteady numerical
                 simulation of the air velocity and flow field was
                 combined with an analysis of the freezing process of
                 tuna. This paper also studied the effect of air
                 velocity, temperature, and tuna size on the freezing
                 process. The numerical results show that there was a
                 positive correlation between the cold source
                 environment and the tuna-freezing process. Lower
                 temperatures and higher air increased the velocity at
                 which the tuna moved through the maximum ice crystal
                 formation zone, maintaining a better aquatic product
                 quality. In some cases, however, the smaller tuna
                 models achieved a longer freezing time. Due to the
                 difficulty of obtaining the whole tuna sample, the
                 temperature curve and freezing rate over time obtained
                 during the freezing process were tested using a tuna
                 block of a specific size. The maximum error did not
                 exceed 6.67\%, verifying the authenticity and
                 feasibility of the simulation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Binstock:2023:ITF,
  author =       "Addie L. Binstock and Audrey S. Fox and John A.
                 Mohan",
  title =        "Isotopic Turnover and Fractionation of {$ \delta^{15}
                 $N} and {$ \delta^{13} $C} in Captive
                 \bioname{Pseudopleuronectes americanus} ({Walbaum})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "469",
  day =          "21",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090469",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/469",
  abstract =     "Stable isotope ratios of nitrogen ({\delta} 15 N) and
                 carbon ({\delta} 13 C) are ubiquitous ecological
                 tracers used to elucidate an organism's diet and
                 habitat. However, the application of stable isotope
                 ratios to reconstruct a consumer's ecology relies upon
                 accurate rates for isotopic turnover at both a tissue
                 and species-specific level. This study estimated
                 isotope turnover rates and trophic discrimination
                 factors in four different tissues (liver, digestive
                 tissue, muscle, and skin) with variable metabolic
                 activity in winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes
                 americanus using a controlled diet-switch experiment.
                 Differences in half-lives were noted among the tissues
                 and between the experimental diets for both {\delta} 15
                 N and {\delta} 13 C. The experimental diets of krill
                 and mysis had variability in nutritional composition,
                 resulting in similar turnovers in {\delta} 15 N but
                 slower turnovers in {\delta} 13 C for fish fed krill.
                 Turnovers in both {\delta} 15 N and {\delta} 13 C were
                 strongly influenced by metabolism, with the
                 contribution reaching up to 98\%, as fish exhibited
                 minimal overall growth. The results of this study
                 demonstrate the importance of considering differences
                 in the catabolic activity of tissue maintenance for
                 fish exhibiting minimal growth, as well as differences
                 in metabolic assimilation of dietary sources that vary
                 in their protein and lipid contents.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nguyen:2023:RFH,
  author =       "Van Bon Nguyen and San-Lang Wang and Thi Hanh Nguyen
                 and Tu Quy Phan and Thi Huyen Nguyen and Thi Ha Trang
                 Tran and Manh Dung Doan and Van Anh Ngo and Anh Dzung
                 Nguyen",
  title =        "Recycling Fish Heads for the Production of
                 Prodigiosin, a Novel Fungicide via Experimental and
                 Molecular Docking Characterization",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "468",
  day =          "19",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090468",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/468",
  abstract =     "This report aims to characterize and reuse fish head
                 powder (FHP) as a potential carbon/nitrogen source for
                 microbial fermentation to produce prodigiosin (PG), and
                 to evaluate its novel anti-fungal effect via an
                 experimental and docking study. FHP has high protein
                 (30.25\%) and lipid (5.12\%) content and a diversity of
                 elements, which suggests that FHP is a potential
                 substrate for microbial fermentation. Serratia
                 marcescens TNU01 was screened as the most effective
                 strain to produce PG from FHP. Further experiments
                 indicated that the combination of FHP and crude chitin
                 at the ratio of 9/1 and used at 1.5\% as a C/N source
                 for fermentation significantly enhanced PG production.
                 Supplementing a minor amount of 0.05\% Ca 3 (PO 4) 2,
                 0.03\% K 2 SO 4 also positively affects PG yield
                 production. The fermentation using a bioreactor system
                 (type of 14 L) achieved the highest PG yield production
                 (6.4 mg/mL) in a short cultivation time (10 h) in
                 comparison with the highest PG yield (5.8 mg/mL)
                 obtained after 36 h of fermentation in a flask. In the
                 anti-fungal evaluation of various plant pathogen fungal
                 strains, PG demonstrated efficacy against Fusarium
                 solani F04. The molecular docking results also showed
                 that PG effectively interacted with targeting protein
                 3QPC of F. solani with good binding energy (DS---9.2
                 kcal/mol) and an acceptable RMSD value (0.94 {\AA}). In
                 this study, we provide a novel application of FHP for
                 the eco-friendly production of PG, which can
                 potentially used for the management of Fusarium
                 solani.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yang:2023:HDD,
  author =       "Xuanyi Yang and Xinwei Guo and Xiaohui Dong and Qihui
                 Yang and Hongyu Liu and Shuang Zhang and Beiping Tan
                 and Shuyan Chi",
  title =        "How Do Different Dietary Carbohydrate\slash Lipid
                 Ratios Influence Intestinal Morphology and Glycolipid
                 Metabolism Capacity in Hybrid Grouper
                 (\bioname{Epinephelus fuscoguttatus} [female sign] $
                 \times $ \bioname{E. lanceolatus} [male sign])",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "467",
  day =          "19",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090467",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/467",
  abstract =     "Levels of dietary carbohydrates and lipids have
                 important effects on the growth, health, and glycolipid
                 metabolizing capacity of the hybrid grouper
                 (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus {\SGMLfemale} $ \times $ E.
                 lanceolatus {\SGMLmale}). This experiment evaluated the
                 effect of carbohydrate to lipid ratios (CHO:L ratio) on
                 growth, serum biochemical indices, intestinal
                 morphology and activity of digestive enzymes, and the
                 ability to metabolize carbohydrates and lipids in the
                 hybrid grouper. Six iso-nitrogenous (500 g/kg) and
                 iso-energetic (190 MJ/kg) feeds with CHO:L ratios of
                 0.82, 1.03, 1.28, 1.58, 1.94, and 2.27 were formulated.
                 The 720 groupers with an initial body weight of 7.76
                 {\pm} 0.08 g were sorted into 24 fiberglass buckets of
                 30 fish each. Feed was delivered twice daily at 8:00
                 and 16:00 to apparent satiety for 56 days. The results
                 showed that the growth performance of the groupers was
                 not significantly affected by the diet. Based on the
                 specific growth rate (SGR), the optimal CHO:L ratio was
                 1.72 for the groupers by the second-order polynomial
                 regression model. The intestinal trypsin and lipase,
                 and the hepatic trypsin activities of the groupers
                 showed a maximum in the 1.58 group. The intestinal
                 muscle thickness in the 1.94 group and the villus
                 length in the 1.58 group were significantly greater
                 than in the 0.82, 1.03, 1.28, and 2.27 groups. The
                 glycogen synthase, pyruvate kinase, and hexokinase
                 activities of the liver were significantly higher in
                 the 1.58 group than in the 0.82 and 2.27 groups. The
                 hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase, adipose
                 triglyceride lipase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and
                 carnitine palmitoyl transferase of the liver showed
                 significantly higher activities in the 1.58 group than
                 those in the 0.82 and 1.03 groups. These results showed
                 that based on the SGR of the groupers, the best CHO:L
                 ratio was 1.72. An appropriate dietary CHO:L ratio can
                 reduce the lipid deposition of the fish body, liver,
                 and muscle, as well as improve the intestinal
                 morphology and activities of liver carbohydrate and
                 lipid metabolism enzymes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2023:EFC,
  author =       "Zhanzhan Wang and Shuling Liao and Jun Wang and Yun
                 Wang and Zhong Huang and Wei Yu and Xiaolin Huang and
                 Heizhao Lin and Maoyan Luo and Zhenyan Cheng and
                 Chuanpeng Zhou",
  title =        "Effects of Fermented Cottonseed Meal Substitution for
                 Fish Meal on Intestinal Enzymatic Activity,
                 Inflammatory and Physical-Barrier-Related Gene
                 Expression, and Intestinal Microflora of Juvenile
                 Golden Pompano (\bioname{Trachinotus ovatus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "466",
  day =          "18",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090466",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/466",
  abstract =     "The present study was conducted to investigate the
                 effects of dietary fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM)
                 substitution for fish meal on intestinal enzymatic
                 activity, inflammatory and physical-barrier-related
                 gene expression, and intestinal microflora of juvenile
                 golden pompano. The 375 golden pompanos were divided
                 into 15 groups of 25 fish each, with three replicates
                 for each experimental group. The fish were fed five
                 experimental diets (0 (FM), 12.5\% (CSM12.5), 25\%
                 (CSM25), 50\% (CSM50), and 100\% (CSM100) substitution
                 levels) for 8 weeks. The fish were reared and fed the
                 experimental diets under a natural-day light cycle.
                 Compared with the control group, the activities of AMY
                 (amylase) enzymes in the CSM12.5 group and all other
                 groups were elevated (p {$<$} 0.05). The CSM25 group
                 exhibited a considerable up-regulation of IL-10
                 (Interleukin-10) expression relative to the FM group (p
                 {$<$} 0.05). With an increase in dietary FM
                 substitution with FCSM from 0 to 25\%, the relative
                 expressions of NF-{\kappa}B (Nuclear factor kappa-B),
                 IL-1{\beta} (Interleukin-1 beta), and IL-8
                 (Interleukin-8) were down-regulated. In this study, the
                 relative expressions of ZO-1 (zonula occluden-1) and
                 Occludin were up-regulated, and those of Claudin-3 and
                 Claudin-15 significantly up-regulated, when the FCSM
                 substitution ratio was 25\%. The results of
                 high-throughput sequencing of the intestinal microflora
                 showed that ACE indices the lowest in the CSM25 group,
                 which was significantly different from those in the
                 CSM100 group (p {$<$} 0.05). The CSM50 group had the
                 highest Shannon and Simpson indices and the highest
                 community diversity. In addition, replacing a high
                 percentage of fish meal with FCSM can negatively affect
                 the intestinal flora of fish. In this study, the 25\%
                 substitution ratio improved nutrient absorption,
                 reduced intestinal inflammation, improved intestinal
                 physical barrier damage, did not affect intestinal
                 microecology, and had no adverse effects on fish.
                 However, substitution of a high proportion of FM with
                 FCSM negatively affects the intestinal microflora and
                 nutrient absorption capacity of fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:OUO,
  author =       "Changwei Li and Xiaoyu Zhang and Yu Chen and Shiyu
                 Zhang and Limin Dai and Wenjing Zhu and Yuan Chen",
  title =        "Optimized Utilization of Organic Carbon in Aquaculture
                 Biofloc Systems: a Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "465",
  day =          "16",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090465",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/465",
  abstract =     "Biofloc technology (BFT) as an efficient aquaculture
                 alternative is attracting attention for boosting
                 biosecurity with minimal water exchange and reduced
                 feed intake. BFT relies on applying organic carbon to
                 maintain a high C/N ratio above 10, which allows
                 heterotrophs to assimilate toxic nitrogen. A high
                 percentage of carbon loss is thus generated from BFT.
                 For this review, a thorough search of the relevant
                 literature was conducted to gather valuable information
                 on the optimization of carbon utilization. The keywords
                 searched included `BFT', `carbon use efficiency',
                 `carbon conversion', `carbon retention', `carbon
                 emission', `carbon loss', and `carbon release'. The
                 current review discusses the possible effects of
                 various C/N ratios, carbon types, addition strategies,
                 and technology integration with respect to the
                 optimized carbon utilization in BFT. Given the extreme
                 lack of accessible research, it was concluded that the
                 carbon utilization in BFT is still in its initial
                 research stage. Anyhow, this review sheds light on
                 plausible approaches for boosted carbon utilization by
                 adopting slow-release carbon, reducing carbon input,
                 integrating with other technologies, and enhancing
                 interactions between functional microbes within BFT,
                 thereby contributing to sustainable aquaculture.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cheng:2023:CEM,
  author =       "Zhaohai Cheng and Lei Gao and Lixiong Yu and Xinbin
                 Duan and Fengyue Zhu and Huiwu Tian and Daqing Chen and
                 Mingdian Liu",
  title =        "Catch Efficiency of Multi-Mesh Trammel Nets for
                 Sampling Freshwater Fishes",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "464",
  day =          "16",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090464",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/464",
  abstract =     "A multi-mesh trammel net has been developed and used
                 for sampling freshwater fishes. However, little is
                 known about the catch efficiency of the net. This
                 research investigated the catch efficiency of a
                 multi-mesh trammel net (nominal mesh size; 10.0, 30.0,
                 50.0, and 70.0 mm) for fish sampling in the Yangtze
                 River of China. Catch composition and factors affecting
                 catch per unit effort based on fish number (CPUE N),
                 weight (CPUE W), and species number (CPUE S) were
                 analyzed. The results showed that the net was capable
                 of capturing a wide range of fish sizes (total length,
                 5.5 to 121.0 cm) and species (n = 50). Increasing soak
                 time from 9.4 to 24.0 h resulted in a decrease in CPUE
                 N and CPUE W while a longer soak time increased CPUE S.
                 CPUE N, CPUE W, and CPUE S varied significantly with
                 fishing locations. The net provides a potential
                 complement to the current fish sampling techniques used
                 in freshwater ecosystems (e.g., large rivers, lakes,
                 and reservoirs). The findings of this research help to
                 improve our understanding of the catch efficiency of
                 the multi-mesh trammel net and provides insight into
                 better designs for gears and methods for sampling
                 diverse fish sizes and species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Muslim:2023:SSM,
  author =       "Ahmad Imam Muslim and Miho Fujimura and Tsuji Kazunari
                 and Muslim Salam",
  title =        "Small-Scale Marine Fishers' Possession of Fishing
                 Vessels and Their Impact on Net Income Levels: a Case
                 Study in \geoname{Takalar District, South Sulawesi
                 Province, Indonesia}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "463",
  day =          "15",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090463",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/463",
  abstract =     "Over the last two decades, the growth of the fisheries
                 sector in Indonesia has shown an increasing trend;
                 however, behind the rapid development of this sector,
                 the role of small-scale fisheries as one of the main
                 actors supporting the whole industry is often
                 neglected. They remain poor and continue to conduct
                 fishing activities traditionally. Therefore, this study
                 aims to describe the real situation of small-scale
                 fishers, analyzing the fishers' ownership of the boat
                 they use, analyzing their income level to reveal their
                 poverty status, and analyzing the factors affecting
                 their income. The regression analysis results indicate
                 that boat category, sea fish catch, fish selling price,
                 fixed costs, and variable costs have significant
                 effects on fishers' net incomes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Leite:2023:SUP,
  author =       "Tamara Leite and Daniel Mameri and Paulo Branco and
                 In{\^e}s Vieira and Margarida Oliveira and Jos{\'e}
                 Maria Santos",
  title =        "Swimming under Pressure: The Sub-Lethal Effects of a
                 Pesticide on the Behaviour of Native and Non-Native
                 Cypriniformes Fish",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "462",
  day =          "15",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090462",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/462",
  abstract =     "River ecosystems are exposed to a multitude of
                 stressors, including increasing pesticide run-off
                 driven by precipitation and irrigation. Pyrethroids are
                 the fourth major group of insecticides in use worldwide
                 and have extremely negative effects on aquatic fauna.
                 In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of an
                 acute 2 h sub-lethal exposure to different levels of
                 the pyrethroid esfenvalerate on the swimming behaviour
                 of two Cypriniformes species: the native Iberian barbel
                 (Luciobarbus bocagei) and the non-native invasive bleak
                 (Alburnus alburnus). The experimental set-up consisted
                 of previous exposure to three esfenvalerate
                 concentrations (control, 1.2 (low), and 2.0 (high)
                 {\mu}g/L) before being stocked in a
                 three-artificial-flume-channel mesocosm for behavioural
                 trials through direct observation. Monitored behaviours
                 included (i) routine activity, (ii) shoal cohesion, and
                 (iii) boldness. Significant differences in fish
                 behaviour were detected for the native species
                 (barbel), as individuals spent significantly more time
                 holding position (i.e., resting) in the control
                 (44.9\%) than in the high esfenvalerate concentration
                 (25.2\%). Concordantly, control barbels were also found
                 to perform more directional changes than the ones
                 exposed to high esfenvalerate concentrations.
                 Behavioural changes were also found for boldness,
                 measured by the proportion of fish attempts to
                 negotiate the upstream ramp, which were significantly
                 higher in the control (37.4\%) and in the high
                 concentration (41.5\%) compared to the low one
                 (21.1\%). Finally, regarding shoal cohesion of the
                 barbel, it was tighter in the control (81.3\%) than in
                 the low- (70.5\%) and high- (71.1\%) esfenvalerate
                 treatments. For the invasive bleak, there were no
                 significant differences in any of the behavioural
                 traits upon previous exposure to an increasing
                 esfenvalerate concentration. This experimental study
                 demonstrated that even short-term exposure to the
                 pyrethroid esfenvalerate was sufficient to alter the
                 behaviour of a native Cypriniformes fish species while
                 not affecting the non-native species. This may confer
                 greater competitive advantages to non-native fish
                 species in the context of global changes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Diaz:2023:EMB,
  author =       "Patricio A. D{\'\i}az and Gonzalo {\'A}lvarez",
  title =        "Effects of Microalgal Blooms on Aquaculture and
                 Fisheries",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "461",
  day =          "15",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090461",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/461",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Tweedley:2023:SFM,
  author =       "James R. Tweedley and Clara Obreg{\'o}n and Sarah J.
                 Beukes and Neil R. Loneragan and Michael Hughes",
  title =        "Selecting from the Fisheries Managers' Tool-Box:
                 Recreational Fishers' Views of Stock Enhancement and
                 Other Management Options",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "460",
  day =          "14",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090460",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/460",
  abstract =     "As recreational fishers act relatively autonomously,
                 management relies heavily on voluntary compliance.
                 Therefore, understanding fishers' views on management
                 options can be beneficial. This study used a two-phase
                 approach of face-to-face interviews and subsequent
                 online questionnaires to evaluate recreational fishers'
                 salient views on issues affecting the Blue Swimmer Crab
                 (Portunus armatus) and Black Bream (Acanthopagrus
                 butcheri) fisheries in Western Australia as well as
                 current and potential management arrangements,
                 including stock enhancement. The strength and
                 heterogeneity of views were also determined. Minimum
                 size limits were mainly considered acceptable or very
                 acceptable, with restricting recreational fishing and
                 spatial closures the least supported management options
                 for both species, in addition to maximum size limits
                 for crabs. These views were not always consistent
                 across fishing locations for each species and among
                 types of crab fishers, indicating heterogeneity in
                 views. Stocking was the most acceptable of the
                 management measures not already utilised for crabs and
                 among the most popular for bream fisheries.
                 Recreational fishers of both species believed stock
                 enhancement could have strong positive outcomes for the
                 abundance of their target species and increase their
                 subsequent catches. They also recognized that some
                 negative outcomes, e.g., increased fishing pressure and
                 environmental issues, might occur but considered them
                 unlikely.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ge:2023:ACI,
  author =       "Guangyu Ge and Zhihong Liu and Tao Yu and Liqing Zhou
                 and Xiujun Sun and Zhuanzhuan Li and Yanxin Zheng",
  title =        "Aminotransferase Class {I} and {II} Gene Family in the
                 \geoname{Jinjiang} Oyster (\bioname{Crassostrea
                 ariakensis}): Genomewide Identification, Phylogenetic
                 Analysis and Expression Profiles after Salinity
                 Stress",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "459",
  day =          "14",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090459",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/459",
  abstract =     "Aminotransferases are enzymes found in living
                 organisms that catalyze transfer reactions between
                 amino acids and keto acids, crucial for amino acid
                 metabolism and synthesis. Aminotransferase classes I
                 and II play a vital role in regulating osmolarity,
                 protecting cells, and improving metabolic homeostasis
                 and cellular fitness. To investigate the
                 characteristics of the aminotransferase class I and II
                 gene family and their roles in osmotic pressure
                 regulation in the Jinjiang oyster (Crassostrea
                 ariakensis), the gene structure, chromosomal
                 localization, and phylogeny were characterized and the
                 genes' expression in the gill under high-salt stress
                 was analyzed. In this study, eighteen Aminotransferase
                 class I and II genes, including SPTLCa and SPTLCb, SPTa
                 and SPTb, ALAT2a and ALAT2b, KAT3a and KAT3b, and ASTa,
                 ASTb and ASTc, were identified. The physicochemical
                 properties of 11 family members were stable, with their
                 instability factors less than 40. Subcellular
                 localization prediction showed that aminotransferase
                 classes I and II were localized in the cytoplasm or
                 mitochondria. Chromosomal localization results showed
                 that the 18 aminotransferase class I and II genes were
                 located on eight chromosomes. All members of this gene
                 family had the Aminotran_1_2 structural domain which is
                 associated with osmotic pressure regulation by
                 adjusting the conversion reaction between amino acids
                 and keto acids. Most gene expressions showed an initial
                 increase followed by a decrease from 0 h to 12 h when
                 the oysters were challenged by acute stress using
                 artificial seawater with a salinity of 40. However, the
                 expression of CarAGT2 and CarKAT3b genes showed an
                 increased trend with increasing stress time. This study
                 systematically investigated the bioinformatics
                 characteristics of the aminotransferase class I and II
                 gene family in C. ariakensis and their role in osmotic
                 pressure regulation, which provides scientific data for
                 understanding the potential functions of these genes in
                 physiological adaptation, thereby expanding the
                 research on osmoregulation in bivalves.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2023:MBF,
  author =       "Jilong Wang and Peilun Li and Wei Liu and Wanqiao Lu
                 and Fujiang Tang",
  title =        "The Migratory Biology and Feeding Habits of
                 Downstream-Migrating Juvenile Chum Salmon
                 \bioname{Oncorhynchus keta} in the \geoname{Amur River
                 of Northeast China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "458",
  day =          "14",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090458",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/458",
  abstract =     "The size of chum salmon juveniles is crucial to their
                 survival. In order to understand the population status
                 and migration patterns of juvenile chum salmon in the
                 waters of the Amur River in China, this study
                 investigated the status of juvenile chum salmon
                 resources and their basic biological characteristics in
                 the Amur River and the Ussuri River in China. The
                 results showed that the average catch per unit effort
                 (CPUE) of chum salmon in river margins was 0.140
                 ind{\cdot}10 {$-$3} m 3 for the Amur River and 0.255
                 ind{\cdot}10 {$-$3} m 3 for the Ussuri River. Chum
                 salmon migrate downstream, mainly in mid-May in the
                 Amur River and in early May in the Ussuri River, and no
                 fish was caught in the rivers after June. Most chum
                 salmon migrated when the water was between 10 and 14
                 {$^\circ $}C. The average FL (fork length) and BW (body
                 weight) of the Amur River samples were 37.1 {\pm} 2.9
                 mm and 0.42 {\pm} 0.09 g, respectively, while the
                 Ussuri River samples' FL and BW were 34.9 {\pm} 3.7 mm
                 and 0.36 {\pm} 0.08 g, respectively. The empty stomach
                 rate of the samples was zero, and the prey category of
                 the samples was composed of fish, aquatic insects,
                 copepods, and cladocerans, of which Ephemeroptera had
                 the largest percentage index of relative importance
                 (IRI \%), with a value of 58.45\%. The size of the
                 downstream-migrating juvenile chum salmon in this study
                 is similar to the size of those in some other rivers,
                 and the CPUE varies depending on the river
                 conditions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:EAG,
  author =       "Peilun Li and Jiacheng Liu and Tai Wang and Jilong
                 Wang",
  title =        "Estimates of the Age, Growth, and Mortality of
                 \bioname{Triplophysa scleroptera} ({Herzenstein}, 1888)
                 in the Upper Reaches of the \geoname{Yellow River,
                 China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "457",
  day =          "13",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090457",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/457",
  abstract =     "To investigate the age composition, growth pattern,
                 mortality, and exploitation rate of Triplophysa
                 scleroptera in the upper reaches of the Yellow River,
                 we measured the total length (L) and body weight (W) of
                 347 individuals based on three sampling surveys from
                 2022 to 2023. The otoliths were used in this
                 investigation to determine age. The total length of the
                 collected samples ranged from 5.69 cm to 18.40 cm, body
                 weight ranged from 1.65 g to 50.22 g, and the age
                 ranged from 1 to 7 years old. The relationship of total
                 length and body weight was W=0.009L2.942 for the total
                 samples, and the growth pattern observed in the study
                 belongs to the isometric type. The von Bertalanffy
                 growth equation revealed that the fish had an
                 asymptotic total length L {\infty} of 37.536 cm, and
                 the growth coefficient K was 0.064 yr {$-$1}. Total
                 instantaneous mortality rate (Z) of total samples
                 calculated by the age-based catch curve method was
                 1.092 yr {$-$1}. The average instantaneous rate of the
                 natural mortality (M), estimated by three different
                 methods, for the total samples was 0.237 yr {$-$1}. The
                 instantaneous rate of fishing mortality (F) for the
                 total samples was calculated as 0.855 yr {$-$1}, and
                 the exploitation rate (E) was determined as 0.783. As a
                 whole, compared with other Triplophysa fishes, the
                 growth rate of T. scleroptera in the upper reaches of
                 the Yellow River is relatively slow, and the population
                 of T. scleroptera has been overexploited. It is crucial
                 to establish some effective management strategies to
                 protect this species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ma:2023:TSA,
  author =       "Yanwen Ma and Yingying Ye and Ronghui Yao and Pengzhi
                 Qi and Jiji Li",
  title =        "Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis of Sex-Related Genes
                 in the Gonads of \bioname{Mytilus unguiculatus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "456",
  day =          "11",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090456",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/456",
  abstract =     "In the cultivation of Mytilus unguiculatus, the
                 broodstock are shade-dried to stimulate sperm and egg
                 production. To identify the functional genes affecting
                 gonad development in M. unguiculatus, the transcriptome
                 of gonads in mussels stimulated by shade-drying and
                 those not stimulated were compared. Differential gene
                 expression analysis revealed that there were 22
                 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the testis and
                 70 DEGs in the ovary among the experimental groups.
                 KEGG enrichment analysis identified a total of 11
                 pathways that might be related to environmental stimuli
                 affecting gonadal development. Nicotinic acetylcholine
                 receptors (AChRs), the cholecystokinin A receptor
                 (CCKAR), hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2 (HCRTR2), and
                 gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor (GABBR) were
                 highly expressed in the neuroactive ligand-receptor
                 interaction pathway, indicating that these genes might
                 be involved in the transduction of environmental
                 information that stimulates gonadal development.
                 Meanwhile, nuclear receptor co-repressor 2 (NCoR2) was
                 highly expressed in the notch signaling pathway,
                 indicating that NCoR2 might be involved in the
                 regulation of gonad development. To validate the
                 transcriptome data, we selected five DEGs in the KEGG
                 signaling pathway, including AChRs, CCKAR, HCRTR2,
                 GABAB, and NCoR2, for real-time quantitative PCR
                 (RT-qPCR), which produced results consistent with the
                 RNA-Seq data. The transcriptome analysis and gene
                 pathway identification in this study have enhanced our
                 comprehension of the reproductive mechanisms in M.
                 unguiculatus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Imsland:2023:CFD,
  author =       "Albert Kjartan Dagbjartarson Imsland and Jon Petter
                 Berg and Velimir Nola and Lena Geitung and Tina
                 Oldham",
  title =        "Cleaner Fish Do Not Impact the Pigmentation of Salmon
                 Lice (\bioname{Lepeophtheirus salmonis}) in Commercial
                 Aquaculture Cages",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "455",
  day =          "10",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090455",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/455",
  abstract =     "Salmon lice are one of the biggest challenges to
                 sustainable salmonid aquaculture. The species display
                 high evolutionary potential, which is evident by its
                 development of resistance to numerous chemical
                 compounds used for delousing. In response to this,
                 salmon farms now use non-chemical delousing methods to
                 minimize the damage done by salmon lice, including
                 heavy reliance on cleaner fish. Anecdotal reports from
                 farmers and fish health personnel in areas where
                 cleaner fish are used have suggested that salmon lice
                 are becoming less pigmented, potentially making them
                 harder for cleaner fish to visually detect. This
                 experiment investigated changes in the pigmentation of
                 salmon lice in relation to the use of cleaner fish,
                 louse stage and sex, temperature, preferred salmon
                 swimming depth, daylength, and salinity. Salmon lice
                 were sampled from snorkel cages on a commercial salmon
                 farm where three cages were stocked with farmed
                 lumpfish and ballan wrasse, and three cages were
                 without cleaner fish. Water temperature, salinity, and
                 depth were recorded using a conductivity, temperature,
                 and depth recorder. Pigmentation was measured via
                 photographic analysis of individual lice. Although
                 louse pigmentation varied considerably throughout the
                 experiment, using cleaner fish throughout a single
                 production cycle did not reduce average louse
                 pigmentation compared to control cages. On average,
                 male lice were significantly darker pigmented than
                 females, but otherwise there were no patterns in louse
                 pigmentation in relation to life stage, salinity,
                 temperature, or daylength. Salmon lice exhibit a high
                 degree of evolvability and have become resistant to
                 every chemical removal treatment developed thus far.
                 The present data suggest that, with the densities and
                 species of cleaner fish commonly used in commercial
                 salmon production, there is not strong directional
                 selection on louse pigmentation. Lice, at least with
                 regard to visual appearance, are not likely to adapt in
                 a way which reduces cleaner fish efficacy anytime
                 soon.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pan:2023:EAM,
  author =       "Tingshuang Pan and Min Yang and He Jiang and Tong Li
                 and Guoqing Duan and Jun Ling and Qian Gao",
  title =        "Effect of \bioname{Astragalus membranaceus} on
                 Transcriptome and Survival of Hybrid Yellow Catfish
                 (\bioname{Pseudobagrus vachellii} [male sign] $ \times
                 $ \bioname{Tachysurus fulvidraco} [female sign]) in
                 Response to \bioname{Aeromonas hydrophila} Challenge",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "454",
  day =          "10",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090454",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/454",
  abstract =     "Intensive culturing of hybrid yellow catfish
                 (Pseudobagrus vachellii {\SGMLmale} $ \times $
                 Tachysurus fulvidraco {\SGMLfemale}) has increased
                 their mortality. Astragalus membranaceus has been used
                 as an immune stimulant and antioxidant in fish for
                 several years. A. membranaceus was decocted and mixed
                 with the diet. After feeding for 28 d, the hybrid
                 yellow catfish were challenged with Aeromonas
                 hydrophila. To better understand the function of A.
                 membranaceus in the defense of hybrid yellow catfish
                 against A. hydrophila, we analyzed the spleen
                 transcriptome data and relative percentage survival
                 (RPS). There were 396 differentially expressed genes
                 (DEGs) between the A. membranaceus and control groups
                 at 24 h after A. hydrophila stimulation, including 263
                 upregulated and 133 downregulated DEGs. A significant
                 enrichment of DEGs was found in the A. membranaceus
                 group when the GO enrichment terms in the spleen were
                 analyzed. The qRTPCRresults for the five upregulated
                 and two downregulated DEGs from the spleen, intestine,
                 and liver were consistent with the transcriptome data.
                 The relative percentage survival of A. membranaceus was
                 85.71\% after the fish were challenged with A.
                 hydrophila.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Selvaraj:2023:SSF,
  author =       "John Josephraj Selvaraj and Leidy Viviana Rosero-Henao
                 and Maria Alejandra Cifuentes-Ossa",
  title =        "Small-Scale Fisheries in the \geoname{Colombian
                 Pacific}: Understanding the Impact of Climate Change on
                 Fishermen's Livelihoods",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "453",
  day =          "09",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090453",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/453",
  abstract =     "While few have contemplated the potential impacts of
                 climate change on small-scale fisheries and fishermen
                 in the Colombian Pacific, understanding these effects
                 is crucial for devising effective adaptation
                 strategies. This study presents the outcomes of a
                 vulnerability assessment related to climate change for
                 fishermen in the Colombian South Pacific. The
                 assessment employed a multivariable model that
                 considered the sensitivity of marine and coastal
                 ecosystems that support fishing resources alongside
                 fishermen's adaptability to changes in the biophysical
                 environment. Socioeconomic factors were also
                 scrutinized. The study revealed that 80\% of the
                 surveyed fishermen are at a medium to high level of
                 vulnerability due to changes in the distribution of key
                 commercial species, which influences the productivity
                 of their traditional fishing sites. Their vulnerability
                 is primarily attributed to low usage of fishing
                 technologies, the boat engine's limited propulsion
                 capacity, and a lack of diversity and sustainability in
                 fishing gear. These elements increase their reliance on
                 fishing sites close to the coast (approximately 3 km to
                 5 km from the shoreline), resulting in a low adaptive
                 capacity for the fishermen. The dominant factor driving
                 the sensitivity component was the economic significance
                 of the fishing gear and the fact that the gear could be
                 more diverse and durable. These findings provide a
                 critical scientific basis for assessing the fishing
                 sector's vulnerability to climate change and informing
                 future collaborative decision-making in managing
                 small-scale fisheries in the Colombian South Pacific
                 Ocean.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Siamujompa:2023:IBP,
  author =       "Mazuba Siamujompa and Kunda Ndashe and Frederick
                 Chitonga Zulu and Chanda Chitala and Mwansa M. Songe
                 and Katendi Changula and Ladslav Moonga and Emmanuel
                 Shamulai Kabwali and Stephen Reichley and Bernard
                 Mudenda Hang'ombe",
  title =        "An Investigation of Bacterial Pathogens Associated
                 with Diseased \geoname{Nile} Tilapia in Small-Scale
                 Cage Culture Farms on \geoname{Lake Kariba, Siavonga,
                 Zambia}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "452",
  day =          "08",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090452",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/452",
  abstract =     "This study investigated disease outbreaks in farmed
                 Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) in Siavonga among
                 small-scale cage culture farms on Lake Kariba in order
                 to establish bacterial etiological agents associated
                 with fish mortality and to determine their antibiotic
                 susceptibility. A total of 300 fish samples from 11
                 farms were aseptically collected and bacteria were
                 isolated from the kidney, liver, brain, and spleen. The
                 isolates were identified using their morphological
                 characteristics and conventional biochemical tests. The
                 antibiotic susceptibility of selected bacteria was
                 determined by the Kirby--Bauer disc diffusion method.
                 The following well-known fish pathogens were identified
                 at a prevalence of Aeromonas spp. (13\%), Pseudomonas
                 spp. (10.3\%), Micrococcus spp. (9.7\%), Klebsiella
                 spp. (8.7\%), Lactococcus spp. (7.3\%), Streptococcus
                 spp. (7.0\%), and Acinetobacter spp. (7.0\%). All the
                 isolates tested were susceptible to doxycycline, and
                 complete resistance to ciprofloxacin, co-trimoxazole,
                 and cephalothin was recorded in the Bacillus spp. The
                 observed resistance could be attributed to bacteria
                 from terrestrial sources as fish farmers do not
                 administer antibiotics to fish. To our knowledge, this
                 is the first study to establish the occurrence of
                 several bacterial species infecting tilapia in Zambia
                 and the first to determine the antibiotic
                 susceptibility of fish bacteria among small-scale farms
                 on Lake Kariba. The current study provides baseline
                 information for future reference and fish disease
                 management on Lake Kariba and in Zambia.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2023:YRS,
  author =       "Jun Yu Chen and Chaoshu Zeng and Jennifer M.
                 Cobcroft",
  title =        "Year-Round Spawning, Filial Cannibalism, and Embryonic
                 and Larval Development of the Coral Reef Fish Orchid
                 Dottyback, \geoname{Pseudochromis fridmani}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "451",
  day =          "08",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090451",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/451",
  abstract =     "Aquaculture of marine ornamental fish could
                 potentially reduce the fishing pressure on wild stocks
                 by the global aquarium trade, but its expansion is
                 often constrained by the limited understanding on the
                 biology and early life history of candidate species.
                 The orchid dottyback Pseudochromis fridmani is a
                 valuable and popular marine ornamental fish, but
                 scientific reports on its baseline biology, especially
                 the egg filial cannibalistic behaviour, are scarce. The
                 present study documented key aspects of reproductive
                 biology and early ontogeny of P. fridmani in captivity,
                 including reproductive behaviour, patterns of spawning
                 and filial cannibalism throughout a 12-month period by
                 seven pairs of brood fish, as well as the embryonic and
                 larval development. The results showed that the captive
                 spawning of the broodstock pairs generally occurred
                 every 5--11 days, most commonly every 6--8 days,
                 throughout a year. Despite feeding the brood fish to
                 satiation throughout the data collection period, the
                 average monthly rate of egg filial cannibalism reached
                 55 {\pm} 37\%, but the cannibalism frequency appeared
                 to be pair-specific. The egg incubation duration was
                 approximately 96 h at 27 {\pm} 1 {$^\circ $}C, and the
                 development of embryos from cleavage, blastula,
                 gastrula, and segmentation to the pharyngula stage is
                 herein described in detail. The newly hatched P.
                 fridmani larvae possessed important structures and
                 organs for first feeding, including pigmented eyes,
                 developed jaws, and a straight-tube gut. The 0 to 14
                 days post-hatching (DPH) period appeared to be an
                 important larval stage, as P. fridmani larvae were
                 observed to complete major changes in morphology, gut
                 development, and phototactic behaviour by 14 DPH. Under
                 the culture conditions of this study, the earliest
                 transition to the juvenile stage was observed on 31
                 DPH, and the majority of fish became juveniles by 56
                 DPH. The results of this study inform baseline
                 aquaculture production protocols and direct future
                 research, particularly to reduce filial cannibalism
                 through broodstock management and to improve larval
                 culture through supporting the early ontogenetic
                 development of P. fridmani. Additionally, these
                 findings form a foundation for further studying the
                 biology and ecology of P. fridmani in the wild.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Esposito:2023:PHF,
  author =       "Ana{\"\i}s Esposito and Jos{\'e}phine Foata and Yann
                 Quilichini",
  title =        "Parasitic Helminths and Freshwater Fish Introduction
                 in \geoname{Europe}: a Systematic Review of Dynamic
                 Interactions",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "450",
  day =          "07",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090450",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/450",
  abstract =     "The introduction of non-native freshwater fish is a
                 primary cause of aquatic biodiversity loss at global
                 scale. Such introductions have a severe impact on
                 freshwater ecosystems in terms of competition,
                 predation, habitat alteration, genetic pollution and
                 transmission of diseases and parasites. A systematic
                 review was conducted on the helminths parasites of
                 freshwater fish in the context of species introduction
                 and a total of 199 publications were retrieved between
                 1969 and November 2022. Several scenarios may arise
                 when a new fish species arrive in a recipient area.
                 Non-native fish hosts can co-introduce their parasites
                 without transmitting them to native fish (e.g., the
                 case of North American Centrarchidae and their
                 Monogenea parasites). Another possible outcome is the
                 transfer of these parasites to the native fish fauna
                 (spillover, e.g., the cases of the Nematoda
                 Anguillicola crassus Kuwahara, Niimi \& Itagaki, 1974
                 and the Monogenea Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg, 1957).
                 Reciprocally, non-native fish hosts may acquire
                 parasites in their new distribution range whether these
                 parasites are native or were previously introduced
                 (e.g., the cases of Ponto-Caspian Gobiidae and the
                 Chinese sleeper Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877).
                 Acquired parasites can then be spilled back to the
                 native fauna. This phenomenon is of particular interest
                 when non-native fish hosts influence the dynamics of
                 zoonotic parasites.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yuan:2023:CTP,
  author =       "Hang Yuan and Naijie Hu and Yudong Zheng and Cuihong
                 Hou and Beiping Tan and Lili Shi and Shuang Zhang",
  title =        "A Comparison of Three Protein Sources Used in
                 Medium-Sized \bioname{Litopenaeus vannamei}: Effects on
                 Growth, Immunity, Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activity,
                 and Microbiota Structure",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "449",
  day =          "06",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090449",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/449",
  abstract =     "The type of protein source in diets has many effects
                 on shrimp. In this study, Litopenaeus vannamei with an
                 initial body weight of 3.68 {\pm} 0.002 g were fed for
                 8 weeks on three experimental diets (isoproteic:
                 41.00\%; isolipidic: 7.61\%) that were formulated using
                 fish meal (FM), Chlorella sorokiniana (CHL), and
                 Clostridium autoethanogenum protein (CAP) as the
                 primary protein sources, respectively. This study
                 examined the growth, non-specific immunity, intestinal
                 digestion, and microbiota of L. vannamei after the
                 feeding experiment concluded. Compared to the FM group,
                 the findings indicate that the weight gain rate (WGR),
                 specific growth rate (SGR), and protein efficiency
                 ratio (PER) of L. vannamei were notably enhanced via
                 dietary CAP. The CHL group exhibited the highest levels
                 of catalase (CAT), phenoloxidase (PO), and superoxide
                 dismutase (SOD) activities in the gills of L. vannamei,
                 whereas the FM group had the lowest levels. Conversely,
                 the malondialdehyde (MDA) content showed the opposite
                 trend. Both dietary CHL and CAP promoted the digestive
                 enzyme activities of L. vannamei, with dietary CAP
                 having a more pronounced promotional effect. An
                 analysis of alpha diversity indicated that the
                 consumption of dietary CHL substantially enhanced the
                 abundance and diversity of microbiota in the intestinal
                 tract of L. vannamei. Furthermore, the dietary CHL
                 significantly increased the colonization of
                 immune-associated beneficial bacteria and inhibited the
                 colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal
                 tract of L. vannamei, whereas dietary CAP mainly
                 increased the colonization of growth-associated
                 beneficial bacteria. Functional predictions showed that
                 different dietary protein sources affect various
                 metabolic activities and signaling pathways of L.
                 vannamei, and some functions, including signal
                 transduction, cell motility, and the immune system,
                 were significantly enhanced in the CHL group. In
                 summary, both dietary CHL and dietary CAP promoted
                 growth and immunity in L. vannamei compared to dietary
                 FM. The results of this study could be helpful for the
                 sustainable development of shrimp farming.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2023:EDF,
  author =       "Qin Zhang and Qiuyue Yang and Mengjie Guo and Fanghui
                 Li and Meilan Qin and Yi Xie and Jian Xu and Yongqiang
                 Liu and Tong Tong",
  title =        "The Effects of Dietary Fermented Soybean Meal
                 Supplementation on the Growth, Antioxidation, Immunity,
                 and \gene{mTOR} Signaling Pathway of Juvenile {Coho}
                 Salmon (\bioname{Oncorhynchus kisutch})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "448",
  day =          "05",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090448",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/448",
  abstract =     "This experiment aims to investigate the effects of
                 partial replacement of fish meal (FM) by soybean meal
                 (SBM) and/or fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on the
                 growth, serum biochemistry, digestion, antioxidation,
                 immunity, and mTOR signaling pathway of juvenile coho
                 salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Four iso-nitrogen and
                 iso-lipid diets were designed and fed to four groups of
                 juvenile coho salmon (152.25 {\pm} 2.96 g) in
                 triplicate for 10 weeks. The four diets were the G0
                 diet (control group, containing 28\% FM protein), the
                 G1 diet (containing 10\% SBM protein and 18\% FM
                 protein), the G2 diet (containing 5\% SBM protein, 5\%
                 FSBM protein, and 18\% FM protein), and the G3 diet
                 (containing 10\% FSBM protein and 18\% FM protein). It
                 was found that compared with the G0 diet (control
                 group), the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide
                 dismutase (SOD), pepsin, trypsin, {\alpha}-amylase, and
                 lipase, and the expression levels of mammalian target
                 of rapamycin (mtor), protein kinase B (akt),
                 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k), plant ribosome
                 S6K protein kinase (s6ks), and lysozyme (lyz) genes, of
                 juvenile coho salmon fed the G3 diet increased
                 significantly (p {$<$} 0.05), and the expression levels
                 of tumor necrosis factor (tnf-{\alpha}),
                 interleukin-1{\beta} (il-1{\beta}), and interleukin-6
                 (il-6) genes of juvenile coho salmon fed the G3 diet
                 decreased significantly (p {$<$} 0.05). However, there
                 were no significant differences in growth, muscle
                 composition, and serum biochemistry of juvenile coho
                 salmon fed the G3 diet compared with the G0 diet (p
                 {$>$} 0.05). In conclusion, replacing 10\% FM protein
                 with FSBM protein could improve the digestion,
                 antioxidation, immunity, and mTOR signaling pathway of
                 juvenile coho salmon.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liontakis:2023:EVE,
  author =       "Angelos Liontakis and Vassiliki Vassilopoulou",
  title =        "An Economic View on the Effects of Invasive
                 Rabbitfishes Based on Fishers' Perspectives: The Case
                 of the Parrotfish M{\'e}tier in the \geoname{South
                 Ionian Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "447",
  day =          "04",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090447",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/447",
  abstract =     "The effect of thermophilic species invasion in the
                 eastern Mediterranean is well-noted in the literature.
                 During the last decade in western Greek waters,
                 small-scale fisheries (SSF) catches exhibit increased
                 relative contribution of rabbitfishes, which have
                 originated from the Red Sea and inhabited the country's
                 southeastern part since the Second World War. This
                 study has used quantitative and qualitative information
                 to assess the short-term economic effect of the
                 rabbitfishes' expansion in the SSF m{\'e}tier targeting
                 the indigenous thermophilic parrotfish in the South
                 Ionian Sea. The short-term micro-level negative
                 economic effects of the rabbitfishes' invasion and the
                 corresponding adverse effects on fishers' economic
                 wealth have been estimated. The results indicate
                 attitudinal differences among fishers, although their
                 local ecological knowledge may enable them to avoid
                 rabbitfishes' hot spots and mitigate the respective
                 economic losses, that particularly for smaller SSF
                 vessels already seem to be quite important. As climate
                 warming may further facilitate the expansion of
                 rabbitfishes, outcompeting parrotfish, the latter
                 m{\'e}tier may eventually become economically
                 unsustainable. Fine-scale analysis at the m{\'e}tier
                 level enables addressing the specificities of
                 social-ecological systems and can contribute to
                 informed and more effective decision making related to
                 SSF, which is an important building block of
                 Mediterranean coastal communities.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Dance:2023:LCC,
  author =       "Michael A. Dance and Mitchell S. Lovell",
  title =        "Lipid Correction for Carbon Stable Isotope Analysis of
                 Yellowfin Tuna",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "446",
  day =          "01",
  month =        sep,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090446",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/446",
  abstract =     "Carbon stable isotopes ({\delta} 13 C) are widely used
                 in ecological studies to understand diet, food web
                 dynamics, and movements of marine fishes. Still,
                 {\delta} 13 C is influenced by lipid content and often
                 requires chemical extraction or mathematical
                 correction. Here, we developed a species-specific
                 mathematical lipid correction for white muscle tissue
                 of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), a highly
                 migratory finfish of considerable economic and
                 ecological value. Lipid extraction was conducted on
                 yellowfin tuna white muscle tissue (C:N range:
                 2.96--6.49), and both linear and non-linear lipid
                 correction models for {\delta} 13 C were fitted and
                 assessed. Lipid extraction increased {\delta} 13 C, and
                 to a lesser extent, {\delta} 15 N values in yellowfin
                 tuna white muscle tissue, but had no effect on {\delta}
                 34 S. Both non-linear models provided better fits to
                 the data than the linear model, suggesting an
                 asymptotic relationship between C:N and
                 \SGMLentity{8710}{\delta} 13 C. Results support the
                 growing body of evidence that C:N ratios can be used to
                 predict lipid corrected {\delta} 13 C and highlight the
                 value of mathematical correction approaches. We provide
                 species-specific parameter estimates that can be used
                 for lipid correction of white muscle tissue for
                 {\delta} 13 C analysis in yellowfin tuna and similar
                 species for which species-specific models have yet to
                 be developed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Madariaga-Mendoza:2023:EIM,
  author =       "Diana Madariaga-Mendoza and Jos{\'e} Marrugo-Negrete
                 and V{\'\i}ctor Atencio-Garc{\'\i}a",
  title =        "Effect of Inorganic Mercury on Semen Quality, Embryo
                 and Larval Development of Bocachico
                 \bioname{Prochilodus magdalenae}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "445",
  day =          "31",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090445",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/445",
  abstract =     "The study aimed to evaluate the effect of inorganic
                 mercury (iHg) on the sperm quality, embryos, and larvae
                 of Prochilodus magdalenae. Two experiments were carried
                 out. In experiment 1, semen was activated with
                 contaminated water at different iHg concentrations
                 (0.0, 25, 50, 100 {\SGMLmicro}g/L) and sperm kinetics
                 were analyzed with a computer-assisted semen analysis
                 (CASA) system. In the second trial, 2 g of oocytes were
                 fertilized with 50 {\SGMLmicro}L of milt, activated
                 with contaminated water at different iHg concentrations
                 (0.0, 25, 50, 100 {\SGMLmicro}g/L), and maintained that
                 way during the first hour of incubation. Samples were
                 taken every 3--4 h until hatching to identify embryo
                 deformations. Fertilization and hatching rates were
                 estimated. The survival of newly hatched larvae (1 day)
                 and larvae eight days post-hatching (dph) was also
                 assessed. The results show that the quality parameters
                 of semen treated with contaminated water at different
                 iHg concentrations (25, 50, 100 {\SGMLmicro}g/L) were
                 altered and showed significant differences (p {$<$}
                 0.05) from the control group (0 {\SGMLmicro}g/L). Total
                 motility decreased (9.8--13.2\%) and the amount of
                 immotile sperm increased (3-fold) relative to values in
                 the control group. A significant increase in oocyte
                 diameter and a decrease in fertilization and hatching
                 rates were observed with the higher iHg concentrations
                 (50--100 {\SGMLmicro}g/L). Embryo deformations
                 ({$>$40}\%) such as scoliosis, lordosis, and
                 microcephaly were observed, as well as premature
                 hatchings. The larval survival at 1 dph was reduced
                 between 25\% (25 {\SGMLmicro}g/L) and 97.2\% (100
                 {\SGMLmicro}g/L) relative to that in the control group.
                 The results suggest that bocachico semen, embryos, and
                 larvae are sensitive to contamination with iHg from 25
                 {\SGMLmicro}g/L.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Bischoff:2023:DFA,
  author =       "Adrian A. Bischoff and Melanie Kubitz and Laura
                 Ballesteros-Redondo and Marcus St{\"u}eken and Tobias
                 Rapp and Patrick Fink and Wilhelm Hagen and Harry
                 Wilhelm Palm",
  title =        "Dynamics of Fatty Acids in Pikeperch (\bioname{Sander
                 lucioperca}) Larvae and Juveniles during Early Rearing
                 and Weaning in a Commercial {RAS} --- Implications for
                 Dietary Refinement",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "9",
  pages =        "444",
  day =          "31",
  month =        aug,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8090444",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:13 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/9/444",
  abstract =     "The aquaculture production of pikeperch has reached
                 commercial scale in a number of European countries, but
                 the high mortality of early life cycle stages and minor
                 understanding of nutritional requirements are still
                 major bottlenecks. To investigate the fate of fatty
                 acids during early development, weaning and rearing,
                 pikeperch larvae and juveniles from a commercial
                 recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) were sampled
                 over 2 months for morphometric data, as well as fatty
                 acid composition, with a total of 6 sampling days, with
                 four to five replicates per sampling day and between 1
                 and 25 pikeperch larvae per individual sample,
                 depending on larval biomass. The biomass of sampled
                 pikeperch larvae varied from 0.1 to 420 mg (dry mass
                 DM), depending on the age of the larvae, and the
                 initial length of the pikeperch larvae was about 4.5
                 mm. Our data confirm that, accompanied by an
                 exponential increase in dry mass, total fatty acids
                 (TFAs) in larval tissues increased with the beginning
                 of exogenous feed uptake and were depleted between days
                 13 and 25 post hatch, most likely associated with the
                 weaning and metamorphosis of the larvae. We conclude
                 that all fatty acid classes may serve as metabolic fuel
                 during metamorphosis, but the ultimate fatty acid
                 composition is strongly impacted by the available feed.
                 The chosen diet probably caused a lack of
                 alpha-linolenic (18:3n-3; ALA) and docosahexaenoic acid
                 (22:6n-3; DHA) during larval development and a shortage
                 of vaccenic (18:1n-7), alpha-linolenic (18:3n-3; ALA)
                 and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6; ARA) in juvenile
                 pikeperch. This led to low DHA/EPA ratios 13 days post
                 hatch, a high EPA/ARA ratio at days 41 and 56 post
                 hatch and a fluctuating ratio of alpha-linolenic acid
                 to linoleic acid (18:2n-6; LA). A temporary lack of
                 essential fatty acids can cause dysfunctions and
                 eventually mortalities in pikeperch larvae and
                 juveniles. Despite high larval growth rates, the
                 biochemical composition of the first fed Artemia and
                 microdiets was most likely not sufficient and in need
                 of improvement. We suggest that deficiencies must be
                 compensated, e.g., through the substitution of the
                 offered Artemia with more suitable live feed organisms,
                 such as freshwater rotifers, and the enrichment of
                 current microdiets in order to prevent high mortalities
                 during pikeperch rearing and weaning.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Ziebell:2023:HUT,
  author =       "Ann-Christin Ziebell and Maite L. Vogel and Niklas
                 Kjell Ratajczak and Bert W. Hoeksema",
  title =        "Habitat Use of Two Coral-Associated Cryptobenthic
                 Gobiid Fishes (Family: {Gobiidae}) in the
                 \geoname{Southern Caribbean}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "531",
  day =          "23",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100531",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/531",
  abstract =     "Cryptobenthic fishes make up more than half of coral
                 reef fish fauna and contribute greatly to coral reef
                 trophodynamics and diversity. Because of their small
                 size, they are easily overlooked and understudied. Some
                 of them use corals as their habitat, but this
                 association is not well understood. In the Caribbean,
                 two common cryptobenthic gobies, Elacatinus evelynae
                 and Coryphopterus lipernes, are usually observed
                 residing on corals. In order to compare their habitat
                 use, we investigated their distributions on a range of
                 scleractinian host-coral species at three different
                 depths (5, 10, and 15 m) at Cura{\c{c}}ao, southern
                 Caribbean. The numbers of both species were relatively
                 low at 5 m. Furthermore, we investigated the
                 relationship between fish size and depth and found that
                 adult E. evelynae individuals were most common at 5 m
                 depth and juveniles at 15 m depth. Novel host corals
                 were found for both fish species. Taking host size into
                 account, the gobies were most abundant on large coral
                 colonies of two host species: E. evelynae on both
                 Colpophyllia natans and Montastraea cavernosa, and C.
                 lipernes only on C. natans. In summary, depth, host
                 species, and host-colony size were found to be
                 environmental factors that may determine the occurrence
                 of both fish species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Fei:2023:ESF,
  author =       "Yingjie Fei and Shenglong Yang and Mengya Huang and
                 Xiaomei Wu and Zhenzhen Yang and Jiangyue Zhao and
                 Fenghua Tang and Wei Fan and Sanling Yuan",
  title =        "Evaluating Suitability of Fishing Areas for
                 Squid-Jigging Vessels in the \geoname{Northwest Pacific
                 Ocean} Derived from {AIS} Data",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "530",
  day =          "23",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100530",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/530",
  abstract =     "Understanding the spatial distribution of fishing
                 activity and suitable fishing areas is important for
                 improving sustainable fisheries management and
                 protecting vulnerable fish stocks. To identify
                 climate-related habitat changes and variations in the
                 distribution of fishing activity for squid-jigging
                 vessels in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, two types
                 (weighted arithmetic mean method, weighted-AMM;
                 weighted geometric mean method, weighted-GMM) of
                 habitat suitability index (HSI) models were developed
                 in this study with marine environmental data at
                 different depths. The boosted regression tree (BRT)
                 model was adopted to access the monthly important
                 environmental variables and the relative influence of
                 the corresponding variables. The results showed that
                 the weighted-AMM has better prediction performance than
                 the weighted-GMM. The suitable fishing areas showed
                 significant seasonal changes in both spatial location
                 and coverage area. The hotspot map showed that the
                 suitable fishing area for squid-jigging vessels was
                 located in the scope of 42 {\SGMLcompfn} N{\sim}44
                 {\SGMLcompfn} N, 155 {\SGMLcompfn} E{\sim}170
                 {\SGMLcompfn} E throughout the year during
                 2012{\sim}2019, which suggests that high squid-jigging
                 fishing pressure should be given more attention in
                 fishery management. The HSI model also had good
                 prediction performance for the fishery data of Chinese
                 companies, except for June and July. Additionally,
                 fishing efforts could be used as alternative data for
                 fishery research. The study has also suggested that
                 fishery data are restricted by spatial and temporal
                 distribution and fishing experience, which probably
                 biases the results of the research.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2023:EAC,
  author =       "Ying Zhang and Meng-Fei Li and Xiao-Han Fang",
  title =        "Efficiency Analysis of \geoname{China} Deep-Sea Cage
                 Aquaculture Based on the {SBM--Malmquist} Model",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "529",
  day =          "23",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100529",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/529",
  abstract =     "Deep-sea cage aquaculture (DSCA) is an important way
                 to expand new space for marine aquaculture, promote the
                 transformation and upgrade of the fishery industry, and
                 optimize the structure of marine aquaculture. Using the
                 panel data of DSCA in China's coastal areas from 2013
                 to 2021, this study constructs the SBM--Malmquist model
                 to measure the DSCA production efficiency and analyzes
                 its total factor productivity. The results show that
                 the overall DSCA production efficiency exhibited an
                 increasing trend in spite of a sharp decline in 2019.
                 The efficiency exhibited regional differences, being
                 the strongest in the Bohai Sea region, followed by in
                 the Yellow Sea, the South China Sea, and the East China
                 Sea regions. The overall total factor productivity
                 remained generally stable, although a large fluctuation
                 occurred between 2019 and 2021. Both pure technological
                 efficiency and scale efficiency promoted the total
                 factor productivity in 2019--2021, while the efficiency
                 of technological changes in societal aspects declined.
                 This study shows that the DSCA production efficiency is
                 significantly influenced by input factors such as labor
                 and capital investment. In addition, natural disasters
                 inhibit the improvement of the production efficiency to
                 some extent.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2023:MAP,
  author =       "Yu Zhang and Lu Qi and Fengping Li and Yi Yang and
                 Zhifeng Gu and Chunsheng Liu and Qi Li and Aimin Wang",
  title =        "Mitogenomic Analysis of {Pterioidea} ({Bivalvia:
                 Pteriomorphia}): Insights into the Evolution of the
                 Gene Rearrangements",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "528",
  day =          "23",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100528",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/528",
  abstract =     "The complete mitogenomes of Pinctada albina and
                 Pinctada margaritifera were sequenced in this study,
                 with sizes of 23,841 bp and 15,556 bp, respectively.
                 The mitochondrial genome analysis of eight Pterioidea
                 species indicated the existence of gene rearrangements
                 within the superfamily. The ATP8 gene was not detected
                 in the two new mitogenomes, and rrnS was found to be
                 duplicated in P. albina 's mitogenome. The
                 reconstructed phylogeny based on mitogenomes strongly
                 supported the monophyly of Pterioidea and provided
                 robust statistical evidence of the phylogenetic
                 relationships within Pteriomorphia. The analysis of the
                 mitochondrial gene order revealed that of P.
                 margaritifera to be the same as the ancestral order of
                 Pterioidea. The gene orders of the Pterioidea species
                 were mapped to the phylogenetic tree, and the gene
                 rearrangement events were inferred. These results
                 provide important insights that will support future
                 research, such as studies extending the evolutionary
                 patterns of the gene order from P. margaritifera to
                 other species and determining the evolutionary status
                 of Pterioidea within the infraclass Pteriomorphia.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sintori:2023:IAA,
  author =       "Alexandra Sintori and Vasilia Konstantidelli and
                 Angelos Liontakis and Stamatis Mantziaris and Irene
                 Tzouramani",
  title =        "Is It All about Profit? \geoname{Greek} Fishers'
                 Motives and Objective Profiles",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "527",
  day =          "22",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100527",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/527",
  abstract =     "Fishing contributes significantly to food security and
                 offers employment and income to many coastal
                 communities worldwide. On the other hand, it has been
                 recognized as a dangerous and demanding activity that
                 involves high economic risk and uncertainty as well as
                 outdoor work and interactions with nature, which makes
                 fishing more of a way of life rather than just a way to
                 make a living. Non-monetary attributes of fishing have
                 been reported to affect fishers' decision-making and
                 management and can explain the resilience and
                 sustainability of the sector, even in difficult
                 economic circumstances that hinder profitability. This
                 study uses multivariate statistical analysis to
                 identify profiles of Greek fishers according to their
                 motives and objectives and to link them to the main
                 demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Overall,
                 five fisher profiles are identified, including ``profit
                 maximizers'', ``business-oriented'' and ``subsistence''
                 fishers. Our analysis indicates that all fishers value
                 the non-monetary attributes of the activity higher than
                 monetary values like profit, though large-scale fishers
                 seem to be more business-oriented than small-scale
                 fishers. The identification and understanding of the
                 objective profiles provide useful insights to
                 researchers, advisors and policymakers regarding
                 fishers' decision-making and can ultimately lead to
                 more efficient policy design and fisheries
                 management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Asencio-Alcudia:2023:SPR,
  author =       "Gloria Gertrudys Asencio-Alcudia and Cesar Antonio
                 Sep{\'u}lveda-Quiroz and Juan Carlos P{\'e}rez-Urbiola
                 and Mar{\'\i}a del Carmen Rodr{\'\i}guez-Jaramillo and
                 Andressa Teles and Joan Sebasti{\'a}n Salas-Leiva and
                 Rafael Mart{\'\i}nez-Garc{\'\i}a and Luis Daniel
                 Jim{\'e}nez-Mart{\'\i}nez and Mario Galaviz and Dariel
                 Tovar-Ram{\'\i}rez and Carlos Alfonso
                 Alvarez-Gonz{\'a}lez",
  title =        "Stress-Protective Role of Dietary $ \alpha
                 $-Tocopherol Supplementation in Longfin Yellowtail
                 (\bioname{Seriola rivoliana}) Juveniles",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "526",
  day =          "22",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100526",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/526",
  abstract =     "Aquaculture practices expose fish to several factors
                 that may generate stress, modifying the balance between
                 the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the
                 activity of antioxidant defenses that induce cell
                 damage. Alpha-tocopherol (VE) improves the antioxidant
                 capacity against ROS production in fish. A 50-day trial
                 with longfin yellowtail (Seriola rivoliana) juveniles
                 was conducted to compare the dietary supplementation of
                 500 mg/kg of VE against a control diet without VE
                 supplementation on growth, lymphoid tissue enzymatic
                 activity, immune-system-related gene expression, and
                 the histology of the liver and spleen. Growth, weight
                 gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion rate, and
                 survival did not show significant differences (p {$>$}
                 0.05) among treatments. Fish fed with an
                 {\alpha}-tocopherol-enriched diet showed a higher
                 enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase in the liver
                 (p {$<$} 0.05) and a lower percentage of
                 melanomacrophage coverage area in the lymphoid organs
                 (p {$<$} 0.05). Overexpression was observed of MyD88
                 and il-10 in the spleen, and il-1b in the liver in fish
                 fed 500 mg/kg of VE, as well as overexpression of
                 Toll-like 3 in the head kidney, spleen, and liver in
                 fish fed the control diet. Dietary supplementation with
                 VE reduces the effects of oxidative stress and improves
                 lymphoid tissue defense and immune-related gene
                 expression in S. rivoliana.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xu:2023:UST,
  author =       "Ran Xu and Xiaoming Yang and Siquan Tian",
  title =        "Use of Space-Time Cube Model and Spatiotemporal Hot
                 Spot Analyses in Fisheries --- a Case Study of Tuna
                 Purse Seine",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "525",
  day =          "21",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100525",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/525",
  abstract =     "Katsuwonus pelamis, or skipjack, is a vital resource
                 in purse seine fishing across the Central and Western
                 Pacific. Identifying skipjack distribution hotspots and
                 coldspots is crucial for effective resource management,
                 but the dynamic nature of fish behavior means these
                 spots are not constant. We used Chinese fishing logbook
                 data from 2010 to 2019 to analyze skipjack resource
                 hotspots and coldspots in a space-time cube. The study
                 revealed 13 spatiotemporal patterns in skipjack Catch
                 per Unit Effort (CPUE). Hotspots (36.53\%) were
                 concentrated in the central area, predominantly showing
                 oscillating hotspots (21.25\%). The significant effect
                 of the eastern oscillating hotspot continues to be
                 enhanced and extends to the east. Coldspots constituted
                 63.47\% of the distribution, mainly represented by
                 intensifying coldspots (25.07\%). The
                 no-pattern-detected type (10.53\%) is distributed
                 between coldspots and hotspots. The fishing grounds
                 exhibited longitudinal oscillations of {3$^\circ
                 $}--6{$^\circ $} and latitudinal oscillations of
                 {1$^\circ $}--2{$^\circ $}. The spatial autocorrelation
                 of cold and hot spot distribution was strong, and the
                 spatiotemporal dynamic changes in skipjack resources
                 were closely related to the El Ni{\~n}o-Southern
                 Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. Notably, during
                 2011--2016, hotspots exhibited an eastward expansion
                 trend, which continued from 2017--2019 due to the
                 influence of fishery management measures, such as the
                 Vessel Day Scheme (VDS) system.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Natesan:2023:ARS,
  author =       "Balaji Natesan and Chuan-Ming Liu and Van-Dai Ta and
                 Raymond Liao",
  title =        "Advanced Robotic System with Keypoint Extraction and
                 {YOLOv5} Object Detection Algorithm for Precise
                 Livestock Monitoring",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "524",
  day =          "21",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100524",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/524",
  abstract =     "Molting is an essential operation in the life of every
                 lobster, and observing this process will help us to
                 assist lobsters in their recovery. However, traditional
                 observation consumes a significant amount of time and
                 labor. This study aims to develop an autonomous
                 AI-based robot monitoring system to detect molt. In
                 this study, we used an optimized Yolov5s algorithm and
                 DeepLabCut tool to analyze and detect all six molting
                 phases such as S1 (normal), S2 (stress), S3--S5 (molt),
                 and S6 (exoskeleton). We constructed the proposed
                 optimized Yolov5s algorithm to analyze the frequency of
                 posture change between S1 (normal) and S2 (stress).
                 During this stage, if the lobster stays stressed for
                 80\% of the past 6 h, the system will assign the
                 keypoint from the DeepLabCut tool to the lobster hip.
                 The process primarily concentrates on the S3--S5 stage
                 to identify the variation in the hatching spot. At the
                 end of this process, the system will re-import the
                 optimized Yolov5s to detect the presence of an
                 independent shell, S6, inside the tank. The optimized
                 Yolov5s embedded a Convolutional Block Attention Module
                 into the backbone network to improve the feature
                 extraction capability of the model, which has been
                 evaluated by evaluation metrics, comparison studies,
                 and IoU comparisons between Yolo's to understand the
                 network's performance. Additionally, we conducted
                 experiments to measure the accuracy of the DeepLabCut
                 Tool's detections.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Devergne:2023:ILT,
  author =       "Jimmy Devergne and V{\'e}ronique Loizeau and
                 Christophe Lebigre and Anne Bado-Nilles and Sophie
                 Collet and Olivier Mouchel and Ugo Iaria and
                 Marie-Madeleine {Le Gall} and Lauriane Madec and Cyril
                 Turi{\`e}s and Arianna Servili",
  title =        "Impacts of Long-Term Exposure to Ocean Acidification
                 and Warming on Three-Spined Stickleback
                 (\bioname{Gasterosteus aculeatus}) Growth and
                 Reproduction",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "523",
  day =          "21",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100523",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/523",
  abstract =     "The warming and acidification of surface waters as
                 predicted by the IPCC leads aquatic species to face
                 major multifaceted changes in their environment.
                 Although teleosts have efficient regulatory systems to
                 cope with these changes, such changes clearly have the
                 potential to impact their physiological functions.
                 Hence, it is crucial to estimate the ability of teleost
                 fishes to cope with multi-stresses to predict how they
                 will deal with future environments. In this context, we
                 investigated the joint effect of warming and
                 acidification on three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus
                 aculeatus) from the juvenile stage to adulthood,
                 focusing on parameters linked to growth, sexual
                 maturation, and reproduction. Juvenile sticklebacks
                 were split in 2 climate scenarios: a ``Current''
                 scenario corresponding to the current seasonal
                 physico-chemical parameters of the water of the ``Rade
                 de Brest'' in France, and a ``RCP8.5'' scenario with a
                 warming of 3 {$^\circ $}C and an acidification of 0.4
                 pH units. After 7 months, fish in the RCP8.5 scenario
                 reached the same size and mass as those in the Current
                 scenario, but they needed greater amounts of food to
                 reach satiety. Furthermore, the mortality rate over the
                 experiment was higher in the RCP8.5 scenario. Muscle
                 lipid content, an indicator of energy reserves, was
                 lower in females in the RCP8.5 scenario, suggesting an
                 increased need for energy to maintain homeostasis and
                 other physiological functions or a divergence in energy
                 allocation strategy. Moreover, females exhibited lower
                 sexual maturation and egg quality under the RCP8.5
                 scenario, which could have contributed to the lower
                 fertilisation rate observed. Males were more resilient
                 to the RCP8.5 scenario, exhibiting only a trend for
                 lower kidney somatic index scores. Altogether, these
                 results suggest a delay and/or an inhibition of
                 gametogenesis and maturation in fish in warmed and
                 acidified waters. The analysis of blood sex steroid
                 concentrations, brain gene expression profiles, and
                 physiological indexes did not allow us to discriminate
                 between a delay and an inhibition of maturation in the
                 RCP8.5 scenario. Overall, these findings clearly
                 indicate that there is a long-term global impact of
                 combined acidification and warming on the mortality and
                 reproductive performance of three-spined stickleback.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Seret:2023:FRH,
  author =       "Bernard S{\'e}ret and Jean-Pascal Quod",
  title =        "First Records of a Hydrolagus Species ({Holocephali:
                 Chimaeridae}) from \geoname{Reunion Island} and
                 \geoname{Mayotte} (\geoname{Southwestern Indian
                 Ocean})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "522",
  day =          "20",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100522",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/522",
  abstract =     "Two specimens of large blackish chimaeras of the genus
                 Hydrolagus were caught, one off Reunion Island and the
                 other off Mayotte in the southwestern Indian Ocean. The
                 specimens, an adult male of 710 mm BDL and a female of
                 870 m BDL, are described, compared to similar species
                 (i.e., having a large size, over 110 cm TL, dark
                 blackish colour, and rather long conical snout), and
                 tentatively identified to the small-eyed rabbitfish
                 Hydrolagus affinis, pending a taxonomic revision of the
                 large blackish chimaeras is completed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Filipsson:2023:WBJ,
  author =       "Karl Filipsson and Veronika {\AA}sman and Larry
                 Greenberg and Martin {\"O}sterling and Johan Watz and
                 Eva Bergman",
  title =        "Winter Behavior of Juvenile Brown Trout in a Changing
                 Climate: How Do Light and Ice Cover Affect Encounters
                 with Instream Predators?",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "521",
  day =          "20",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100521",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/521",
  abstract =     "During winter, stream fishes are vulnerable to
                 semi-aquatic predators like mammals and birds and
                 reduce encounters by being active in darkness or under
                 surface ice. Less is known about the behavior of fishes
                 towards instream piscivorous fishes. Here, we examined
                 how surface ice and light affected the anti-predator
                 behavior of juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta
                 Linnaeus, 1758) in relation to piscivorous burbot (Lota
                 lota Linnaeus, 1758) and northern pike (Esox lucius
                 Linnaeus, 1758) at 4 {$^\circ $}C in experimental
                 flumes. Trout had lower foraging and swimming activity
                 and spent more time sheltering when predators were
                 present than when absent. In daylight, trout's swimming
                 activity was not affected by predators, whereas in
                 darkness trout were less active when predators were
                 present. Trout consumed more drifting prey during the
                 day when ice was present, and they positioned
                 themselves further upstream when under ice cover,
                 regardless of light conditions. Trout stayed closer to
                 conspecifics under ice, but only in the presence of
                 pike. Piscivorous fishes thus constitute an essential
                 part of the predatory landscape of juvenile trout in
                 winter, and thus loss of ice cover caused by climate
                 warming will likely affect trout's interactions with
                 predators.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Vella:2023:PAS,
  author =       "Noel Vella and Adriana Vella",
  title =        "Phylogeographic Analyses of the Shortfin Mako,
                 \bioname{Isurus oxyrinchus} {Rafinesque}, 1810
                 ({Chondrichthyes: Lamniformes}) from the
                 \geoname{Central Mediterranean Sea}, a Critically
                 Endangered Species in the Region",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "520",
  day =          "20",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100520",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/520",
  abstract =     "The Shortfin mako shark, Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque,
                 1810, is a globally distributed highly migratory
                 pelagic shark species, occurring mostly in temperate
                 and tropical regions, including the Mediterranean Sea
                 where it is by-caught during fishing activities
                 targeting other economically important fish species.
                 The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic
                 connectivity of the Shortfin mako from the central
                 Mediterranean Sea to previously studied populations.
                 The mtDNA control region (CR), 977 bp, of 37 I.
                 oxyrinchus specimens collected between 2004 and 2012
                 from landings in Malta were analysed, and we identified
                 nine haplotypes, including three newly discovered
                 haplotypes that may be unique to the Mediterranean Sea
                 and which represent 16.7\% of the studied individuals.
                 These haplotypes, together with variations in haplotype
                 frequencies, led to significant F ST and
                 {\SGMLvarphi}ST values between the Mediterranean
                 population and other global populations, with the
                 exception of that from the north Atlantic Ocean. This
                 study provides the first insight of the mtDNA CR
                 diversity of this critically endangered species in the
                 Mediterranean Sea and highlights the importance of
                 conserving this species in the region.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Gough:2023:RVT,
  author =       "Brendan Gough and Alexandra Prouse and Michael A.
                 Dance and R. J. David Wells and Jay R. Rooker",
  title =        "Regional Variation in the Trophic Ecology of Wahoo
                 (\bioname{Acanthocybium solandri}) in the
                 {geonameWestern Atlantic Ocean}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "519",
  day =          "20",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100519",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/519",
  abstract =     "Intrinsic tracers, such as stable isotopes of carbon
                 and nitrogen, are common dietary markers that
                 accumulate in the muscle tissue of consumers and can be
                 used to determine the dietary sources and trophic
                 positions of consumers. The aim of this study was to
                 assess regional variation in the trophic ecology of
                 wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri) using bulk stable
                 isotopes. Muscle biopsies of wahoo were collected from
                 four regions in the western Atlantic Ocean: the eastern
                 Gulf of Mexico, western Gulf of Mexico, Northwest
                 Atlantic Ocean, and Caribbean Sea. Muscle tissue
                 {\delta} 13 C and {\delta} 15 N values for wahoo ranged
                 from {$-$15}.8{\SGMLpermil} to {$-$18}.8{\SGMLpermil}
                 and from 7.2{\SGMLpermil} to 12.8{\SGMLpermil},
                 respectively. Wahoo collected in the Caribbean Sea
                 displayed the highest mean {\delta} 13 C value
                 ({$-$16}.3{\SGMLpermil}), and individuals from this
                 region were statistically different from the three
                 other regions sampled. Mean {\delta} 15 N values were
                 elevated for wahoo collected in the eastern and western
                 Gulf of Mexico (11.4{\SGMLpermil} and
                 11.1{\SGMLpermil}, respectively), and the values were
                 over 2{\SGMLpermil} higher than samples from the
                 Northwest Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea. Trophic
                 position (TP) was estimated using {\delta} 15 N
                 baselines (zooplankton) and {\delta} 15 N wahoo values
                 for each region, and mean TP was 0.4 to 0.9 higher in
                 the Caribbean Sea relative to the three other regions,
                 suggesting that wahoo in this region feed on
                 higher-trophic-level prey. The results indicate that
                 {\delta} 15 N baselines and the trophic positions of
                 wahoo each vary as a function of their geographic
                 location, which supports the hypothesis that this
                 species feeds opportunistically throughout its range.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Pompeu:2023:ISF,
  author =       "Paulo Santos Pompeu and L{\'\i}dia Wouters and Heron
                 Oliveira Hil{\'a}rio and Raquel Coelho Loures and
                 Alexandre Peressin and Ivo Gavi{\~a}o Prado and
                 F{\'a}bio Mineo Suzuki and Daniel Cardoso Carvalho",
  title =        "Inadequate Sampling Frequency and Imprecise Taxonomic
                 Identification Mask Results in Studies of Migratory
                 Freshwater Fish Ichthyoplankton",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "518",
  day =          "19",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100518",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/518",
  abstract =     "In South America, knowledge of major spawning sites is
                 crucial for maintaining migratory fish populations. In
                 this study, we aimed to understand the spatio-temporal
                 distribution of fish eggs in the upper S{\~a}o
                 Francisco River using high sampling frequency and DNA
                 metabarcoding identification. We evaluated the possible
                 effects of the non-molecular identification of eggs and
                 decreased sampling frequency on the determination of
                 spawning sites and major breeding periods. Collections
                 were carried out every three days from November 2019 to
                 February 2020. We found that, if we had assumed that
                 all of the free and non-adhesive sampled eggs belonged
                 to migratory species, as is usual in the literature,
                 this assumption would have been wrong for both the
                 spawning sites and the breeding periods. Moreover, any
                 decrease in the frequency of sampling could
                 dramatically affect the determination of the major
                 spawning rivers, and the spawning events of some of the
                 migratory species may not have been detected.
                 Therefore, without the proper identification and
                 adequate sampling frequency of eggs, important spawning
                 sites may be overlooked, leading to ineffective or
                 inappropriate conservation measures.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kiruba-Sankar:2023:ATK,
  author =       "Rajendran Kiruba-Sankar and Sirisha Adamala and
                 Jessica Barman and Kandasamy Saravanan and Jayasimhan
                 Praveenraj and Eswaran Yuvaraj and Gokhlesh Kumar and
                 Sheikh Zamir Ahmed",
  title =        "Aboriginal Tribe's Knowledge of the Endangered
                 Freshwater Turtle \bioname{Cuora amboinensis} in
                 \geoname{Car Nicobar}, a Remote Oceanic Island in the
                 \geoname{Bay of Bengal}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "517",
  day =          "18",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100517",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/517",
  abstract =     "Freshwater turtles are among the least studied faunas
                 in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Here, we
                 report the presence of freshwater turtles (Cuora
                 amboinensis) from Car Nicobar, a small remote island in
                 the Nicobar archipelago comprising the Andaman and
                 Nicobar Islands. Semi-structured interviews were
                 conducted with the people belonging to Nicobarese
                 tribes (n = 233) to gather their local ecological
                 knowledge as supportive information to obtain a better
                 understanding of the status of turtles in Car Nicobar.
                 Most interviewees (90\%) opined that freshwater turtles
                 are found to be rare or very rare on the Island. All
                 the respondents (100\%) expressed willingness to
                 contribute to future conservation projects.
                 Community-level awareness emerged as a prominent issue
                 for future conservation using the Garrett ranking
                 method. A stream network map was prepared using the
                 digital elevation model to visualize streams and
                 potential habitats of turtles. This report on the
                 freshwater turtles is essential from an ecological
                 perspective since information is scarce on the
                 freshwater turtles in Car Nicobar. This study
                 emphasizes the importance of the engagement of
                 stakeholders in conservation projects and recommends
                 providing adequate attention to the conservation and
                 protection of freshwater turtle diversity in Car
                 Nicobar.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cheng:2023:AAI,
  author =       "Xin Cheng and Fan Zhang and Xinjun Chen and Jintao
                 Wang",
  title =        "Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Study of
                 Fishing Vessel Behavior",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "516",
  day =          "18",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100516",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/516",
  abstract =     "Monitoring and understanding the behavior of fishing
                 vessels are important in facilitating effective
                 management, preventing illegal fishing, informing
                 fishing grounds and evaluating effects of harvests on
                 fishery resources. In recent decades, a large quantity
                 of real-time data of fishing vessels have become
                 available with the development of vessel-tracking
                 systems, making it possible to study the behavior of
                 fishing vessels in high spatial and temporal
                 resolutions. To effectively and efficiently deal with
                 the large amount of data, algorithms from artificial
                 intelligence (AI) are increasingly applied in the study
                 of fishing vessel behavior. In this paper, we first
                 introduce the various data sources for studying fishing
                 vessel behavior and compare their pros and cons.
                 Secondly, we review the AI methods that have been used
                 to monitor and extract the behavior of fishing vessels
                 from big data. Then, studies on the physical,
                 ecological and social mechanisms affecting the behavior
                 of fishing vessels were synthesized. Lastly, we review
                 the applications of fishing vessel behavior in fishery
                 science and management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Luo:2023:EWS,
  author =       "Yuan-Yuan Luo and Xian-Can Chen and Rui-Lin Xie and
                 Zhuo-Hao Ruan and Zhi-Qiang Lu and Liang-Sen Jiang and
                 Yi-Fu Li and Wen-Sheng Liu",
  title =        "The Effect of Water Spinach on the Water Quality,
                 Antioxidant System, Non-Specific Immune Response,
                 Growth Performance, and Carbon Balance in Red Tilapia
                 Production",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "515",
  day =          "18",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100515",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/515",
  abstract =     "In this study, the compound aquaculture model of red
                 tilapia (O. mossambicus albina $ \times $ O. urolepis
                 hornorum) and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) was used
                 to investigate the effect of water spinach rafts on the
                 water quality, antioxidant system, non-specific immune
                 response, and growth performance of red tilapia and the
                 carbon balance of payments. Red tilapia is
                 characterized by its high adaptability to different
                 production environments and food sources, as one of the
                 most productive fish in aquaculture, and is well
                 accepted in the market due to its nutritional and
                 organoleptic characteristics. The experiment lasted for
                 nine weeks and included two systems: the red
                 tilapia-water spinach raft aquaponics (AP) system with
                 10\% cover ratio with water spinach floating beds, and
                 the aquatic monoculture (AM) system with only red
                 tilapia. The total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen
                 (TN), and nitrate nitrogen (NO {$-$} 3 -N) in the AM
                 were higher than those in AP from the fifth to ninth
                 week. On the second, third, fifth, and sixth weeks, the
                 ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 + -N), in the AM was higher than
                 those in the AP. From the seventh week, the pH of the
                 AM was significantly lower than the AP, while the
                 nitrite nitrogen (NO {$-$} 2 -N) was significantly
                 higher than the AP. The water quality index of the AP
                 was better than that of the AM, indicating that water
                 spinach can remove the nutrients from aquaculture water
                 bodies. The average daily gain and specific growth rate
                 (SGR) of fish in AP were higher than those in the AM.
                 The acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP),
                 and catalase (CAT) activities in the hepatopancreas of
                 red tilapia in the AP were also significantly higher
                 than those in the AM, while the malondialdehyde (MDA)
                 in the AP was lower than the AM. The serum ACP and CAT
                 of red tilapia in the AP were also higher than those in
                 the AM, while the MDA of fish in the AP was lower than
                 the AM. The results showed that both the experimental
                 group and the control group were carbon sources and
                 released greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, but the
                 total carbon emissions of the red tilapia and the water
                 spinach symbiotic system in the experimental group was
                 significantly lower than that of the control group (p
                 {$<$} 0.05). These results demonstrated that the
                 application of water spinach rafts in aquaponics can
                 not only improve the water quality, but also improve
                 the growth performance, antioxidant system and
                 non-specific immune responses of red tilapia, while
                 promoting the utilization of organic matter in the
                 aquaculture system, improving the ecological benefits
                 in terms of the carbon income and expenditure.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hamzaoui:2023:IDL,
  author =       "Mahdi Hamzaoui and Mohamed Ould-Elhassen Aoueileyine
                 and Lamia Romdhani and Ridha Bouallegue",
  title =        "An Improved Deep Learning Model for Underwater Species
                 Recognition in Aquaculture",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "514",
  day =          "16",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100514",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/514",
  abstract =     "The ability to differentiate between various fish
                 species plays an essential role in aquaculture. It
                 helps to protect their populations and monitor their
                 health situations and their nutrient systems. However,
                 old machine learning methods are unable to detect
                 objects in images with complex backgrounds and
                 especially in low-light conditions. This paper aims to
                 improve the performance of a YOLO v5 model for fish
                 recognition and classification. In the context of
                 transfer learning, our improved model FishDETECT uses
                 the pre-trained FishMask model. Then it is tested in
                 various complex scenes. The experimental results show
                 that FishDETECT is more effective than a simple YOLO v5
                 model. Using the evaluation metrics Precision, Recall,
                 and mAP50, our new model achieved accuracy rates of
                 0.962, 0.978, and 0.995, respectively.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Patil:2023:CMP,
  author =       "Maheshkumar Prakash Patil and Jong-Oh Kim and Seung
                 Hyun Yoo and Yong Bae Seo and Yu-Jin Lee and Jin-Koo
                 Kim and Shin-Ichi Kitamura and Gun-Do Kim",
  title =        "Complete Mitogenome and Phylogenetic Analysis of a
                 Marine Ray-Finned Fish, \bioname{Alcichthys elongatus}
                 ({Perciformes: Cottidae})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "513",
  day =          "16",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100513",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/513",
  abstract =     "Alcichthys elongatus is the only species in the genus,
                 and this work is the first to provide a comprehensive
                 mitogenome analysis of this species. The A. elongatus
                 mitogenome was 16,712 bp long, with biased A + T
                 content (52.33\%), and featured thirteen protein-coding
                 genes (PCGs), twenty-two tRNAs, two rRNAs, and the
                 control region (D-loop). The H strand encoded
                 twenty-eight genes (twelve PCGs, fourteen tRNA, and two
                 rRNA) and the control region, whereas the L strand
                 encoded the remaining nine genes (ND6 and eight tRNA).
                 Except for COXI, which started with GTG, all PCG
                 sequences started with ATG and ended with TAA (ND4L,
                 ND5, COXI, ATP8) or TAG (ND1, ND6) termination codons,
                 with some (ND2, ND3, ND4, COXII, COXIII, ATP6, Cytb)
                 having an incomplete termination codon. Except for
                 tRNA-serine-1 (trnS), the majority of the tRNAs
                 exhibited characteristic cloverleaf secondary
                 structures. Based on 13 PCGs, phylogenetic analysis
                 placed A. elongatus in the same clade as Icelus
                 spatula. This genomic data will be useful for species
                 identification, phylogenetic analysis, and population
                 genetics.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Rind:2023:EDC,
  author =       "Khalid Hussain Rind and Syed Sikandar Habib and Javed
                 Ahmed Ujan and Francesco Fazio and Saira Naz and Aima
                 Iram Batool and Mujeeb Ullah and Sobia Attaullah and
                 Khayyam Khayyam and Khalid Khan",
  title =        "The Effects of Different Carbon Sources on Water
                 Quality, Growth Performance, Hematology, Immune, and
                 Antioxidant Status in Cultured \geoname\geoname{Nile}
                 Tilapia with Biofloc Technology",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "512",
  day =          "14",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100512",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/512",
  abstract =     "The biofloc technology system (BFT) is considered to
                 be one of the sustainable aquaculture systems, which is
                 based on the principle of nutrient recycling with the
                 addition of a carbon source to give dominance to
                 heterotrophic microorganisms. The objective of this
                 study was to evaluate the effect of sugar cane molasses
                 and tapioca flour as carbon sources on the water
                 quality, growth, hematology, immune status, and
                 non-specific antioxidant status of Oreochromis
                 juveniles. Methodologically, the experiment was carried
                 out for 10 weeks on 225 juvenile Nile tilapia with
                 initial body weights of 47.0 {\pm} 1.3 g that were
                 randomly distributed in 09 tanks (1000 L) with a
                 stocking density of 25 tilapias per tank; the
                 treatments were: BFT + SM (S molasses), BFT + TF
                 tapioca flour (TF), and a control with no carbon source
                 added. The control group was fed 100\% feed, while the
                 BFT experimental groups were fed microbial flocs along
                 with 75\% feed. The results revealed that the water
                 quality parameters were affected by the carbon sources,
                 but were adequate for normal fish welfare, and the
                 biofloc volume was higher (28.94) with the TF carbon
                 source. The growth performance, such as weight gain
                 (98.61), survival (99.01), and improved feed conversion
                 ratio (FCR) (1.69), was recorded in BFT + TF.
                 Significant improvements in WBCs, HCT, HB, lymphocytes,
                 plasma proteins, albumin, and non-specific immune
                 factors (lysozyme activity, immunoglobulins levels, and
                 ACH50) were observed in biofloc-reared fish with
                 tapioca flour as the carbon source compared to the
                 control and sugarcane molasses groups. Moreover,
                 significant increases in catalase (CAT) and superoxide
                 dismutase (SOD) were found in the biofloc-reared fish
                 with different carbon sources. In conclusion, the use
                 of BFT + TF was found to affect improving the water
                 quality, growth, hematology, immunity, and antioxidant
                 status of juvenile Tilapia.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Luo:2023:ENI,
  author =       "Zhengli Luo and Yanbo Zhou and Ning Liu and Liangming
                 Wang and Yan Liu and Binbin Shan and Manting Liu and
                 Cheng Chen and Changping Yang and Dianrong Sun",
  title =        "Ecological Niche and Interspecific Association of the
                 Main Fishes in the Coastal Waters of \geoname{Hainan
                 Island, China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "511",
  day =          "13",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100511",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/511",
  abstract =     "This study explored the ecological niche and
                 interspecific relationships among the main fish species
                 in the coastal waters of Hainan Island based on data
                 from fishery stock surveys conducted in the spring and
                 autumn of 2022. The methods of chi-square test,
                 percentage of co-occurrence (PC), association
                 coefficient (AC), cluster analysis, and redundancy
                 analysis were used to analyze the interspecific
                 associations and influence of environmental factors on
                 the ecological niches of fish communities. According to
                 the cluster analysis of niche breadth, 20 main fishes
                 could be divided into broad, medium, and narrow niche
                 species. There were four and eight broad niche species
                 in spring and autumn, respectively. The ranges of niche
                 overlap values were 0.001--0.91 in spring and 0--0.87
                 in autumn, indicating that the species differed and
                 were similar in their ability to utilize resources,
                 survive in habitats, and prey. According to the
                 variance ratio and statistic value W, the main fishes
                 in spring showed a significant positive association,
                 whereas those in autumn showed a positive association,
                 but not at a significant level, indicating that the
                 main fishes in spring were more closely associated with
                 each other. There were 56 species pairs in the 2
                 seasons that were significantly associated ({\chi} 2
                 {\geq} 3.841). AC and PC tests revealed that the
                 interspecific association was strong and tended to be
                 positive. According to the redundancy analysis,
                 environmental factors such as surface temperature,
                 water depth, and pH significantly affected the main
                 fishes in spring, while environmental factors such as
                 dissolved oxygen, bottom temperature, surface salinity,
                 and pH significantly affected those in autumn.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sadler:2023:RHF,
  author =       "Daniel E. Sadler and Phillip C. Watts and Silva
                 Uusi-Heikkil{\"a}",
  title =        "The Riddle of How Fisheries Influence Genetic
                 Diversity",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "510",
  day =          "13",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100510",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/510",
  abstract =     "Overfishing drives population decline, which in turn
                 drives loss of genetic diversity. Many studies provide
                 evidence of declines in genetic diversity; however,
                 controversy exists within the literature, as some
                 studies show evidence of no change in genetic diversity
                 despite decades of overharvesting. The apparent
                 discrepancy in the literature should therefore be
                 examined to understand what biological and ecological
                 processes are driving the differences in results. Here,
                 we assess how different factors contribute to
                 fisheries-induced susceptibility to declines in genetic
                 diversity by first focusing on the different roles of
                 genetic markers. Second, we assess how habitat type and
                 conditions contribute to loss of genetic diversity.
                 Third, we assess how life history and physiology
                 affects catchability and loss of genetic diversity.
                 Finally, we discuss how coinciding abiotic and biotic
                 factors influence the intensity of genetic loss. We
                 find a multitude of these factors could be interacting
                 to influence how results are perceived and how intense
                 the loss of genetic diversity can be. Future studies
                 should carefully consider the methodology of genetic
                 analysis used, as well as considerations of life
                 history and ecology of the target species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Santos:2023:GPH,
  author =       "Fabio A. C. Santos and Felipe S. Batista and Andr{\'e}
                 S. Souza and Gustavo S. C. Julio and Gisele C. Favero
                 and Jos{\'e} F. V. Junior and S{\'\i}lvio T. Costa and
                 Carla C. Zeppenfeld and Nadia H. Bianchini and Berta M.
                 Heinzmann and Bernardo Baldisserotto and Ronald K.
                 Luz",
  title =        "Growth Performance and Histomorphology of Intestine,
                 Skin, Gills and Liver of Juvenile \bioname{Colossoma
                 macropomum} Fed Diets Containing Different Levels of
                 the Essential Oil of \bioname{Nectandra grandiflora}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "509",
  day =          "11",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100509",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/509",
  abstract =     "The present study evaluated different levels of the
                 essential oil of Nectandra grandiflora (EONG) in the
                 diet of juvenile Colossoma macropomum. The juveniles
                 (0.75 {\pm} 0.05 g) were fed four experimental diets
                 with differing levels of EONG (0, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.50
                 mL/kg). After 20 days, the weight, daily weight gain,
                 specific growth rate, and daily feed consumption per
                 fish were highest for the fish fed 0.5 mL EONG/kg,
                 while after 30 days, only the weight and daily feed
                 consumption per fish for that diet remained highest.
                 The viscerosomatic index was highest for the fish fed
                 0.5 mL EONG/kg while the hepatosomatic index was higher
                 for the groups that received dietary EONG for 30 days.
                 The juveniles fed 1.5 mL EONG/kg showed a proliferative
                 response of the mucous cells in the gills, but the
                 proliferation of these lysozyme- and
                 immunoglobulin-secreting mucosal cells was higher for
                 the skin of the fish of all EONG levels, compared to
                 that of the control fish. The fish fed 0.5 mL EONG/kg
                 had the greatest height and width of intestinal villi.
                 The two highest levels of dietary EONG supplementation
                 (0.75 and 1.50 mL/kg) reduced the hepatocyte dimensions
                 but did not modify the centrolobular vein area. Dietary
                 supplementation with 0.5 mL EONG/kg improved the
                 growth, gut health, and immune response of juvenile C.
                 macropomum.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shelledy:2023:RST,
  author =       "Katharine N. Shelledy and Amy Y. Olsen and Alexander
                 Tanz and Megan H. Williams and Jeff Christiansen and
                 Heidi Wilken and Chris {Van Damme} and Shawn Larson",
  title =        "Rockfish Species Trends in \geoname{Puget Sound,
                 Washington, USA}, 2009--2023",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "508",
  day =          "11",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100508",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/508",
  abstract =     "Rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) are a long-lived,
                 understudied, multi-species fish assemblage in inland
                 Washington (USA) waters. Driven by large-scale fishery
                 removals in the 1970s, their numbers declined and have
                 yet to recover, perhaps due to slow maturation and rare
                 recruitment success. Since then, rockfish fishing
                 restrictions have increased within Puget Sound,
                 culminating in a 2010 total ban. Here, we analyze
                 rockfish community trends (abundance and Shannon
                 Diversity) within Puget Sound from 2009 to 2023. Our
                 dataset includes 157 recorded dive transects from nine
                 rocky or artificial reef habitats at depths 5--24 m
                 throughout four Puget Sound basins: Admiralty Inlet (2
                 sites), Central Puget Sound (4 sites), Hood Canal (2
                 sites), and South Puget Sound (1 site). Significant
                 differences in community species composition between
                 basins were observed; we noted more Black (S.
                 melanops), Yellowtail (S. flavidus), and Puget Sound
                 (S. emphaeus) rockfish and fewer Brown rockfish (S.
                 auriculatus) at sites in Admiralty Inlet vs. Central
                 Puget Sound. Adult rockfish counts and Shannon
                 Diversity varied seasonally, with higher rockfish
                 counts and diversity indices in summer/autumn vs.
                 winter/spring. Notably, we observed that total adult
                 rockfish count per survey tended downward over time,
                 driven partly by significant downward trends in Hood
                 Canal Copper rockfish (S. caurinus) counts. We
                 recommend continued monitoring and additional
                 investigation into what factors besides fishing may be
                 driving the trends reported here.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhao:2023:HLG,
  author =       "Lingmin Zhao and Lixing Huang and Yingxue Qin and Dou
                 Yang and Jiaonan Zhang and Jiaolin Zhang and Qingpi
                 Yan",
  title =        "How the \gene{luxR} Gene Affects the Pathogenicity of
                 \bioname{Pseudomonas plecoglossicida} and the Immune
                 Response of \bioname{Epinephelus coioides}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "507",
  day =          "11",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100507",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/507",
  abstract =     "This study aimed to investigate the effect of reduced
                 expression of the luxR gene on the virulence of
                 Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and the immune response of
                 Epinephelus coioides. To achieve this, RNA interference
                 (RNAi) was used to silence the luxR gene, and the
                 pathogenicity of wild-type and luxR -RNAi strains of P.
                 plecoglossicida, as well as the immune response of
                 Epinephelus coioides to the infection of these two
                 strains, were compared. The mutant strain with the
                 highest silencing efficiency of 70.1\% was selected for
                 subsequent analysis. Silencing the luxR gene in the
                 mutant strain resulted in a significant 30\% reduction
                 in mortality rates in artificially infected Epinephelus
                 coioides compared to the wild-type strain.
                 Transcriptome analysis revealed that the host
                 transcriptome, particularly in the spleens of infected
                 Epinephelus coioides, was markedly altered by the
                 silencing of the luxR gene in the mutant strain.
                 Tilapia infected with the luxR -RNAi strain exhibited
                 altered immune defenses, with changes in gene
                 expression primarily in the NOD-like receptor (NLR)
                 signaling pathway. These results suggest that the luxR
                 gene plays a crucial role in the host's resistance to
                 pathogen invasion, and reducing its expression could
                 decrease quorum sensing (QS) signals while increasing
                 the expression of the IL-1{\beta} gene in the host's
                 NLR pathway. This effect may lead to a pro-inflammatory
                 response that enhances the immune response to
                 infection. Further investigation of these mechanisms
                 may lead to innovative approaches to treating bacterial
                 infections.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:PPD,
  author =       "Jiyuan Li and Yanfeng Wang and Teng Guo and Shihong Xu
                 and Guang Gao and Feng Liu and Xiaoyang Guo and Yanduo
                 Wu and Haixia Zhao and Jun Li",
  title =        "Phenethylamine Is a Potential Density Stress Pheromone
                 in Turbot (\bioname{Scophthalmus maximus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "506",
  day =          "11",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100506",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/506",
  abstract =     "Pheromones play a vital role in regulating fish
                 behavior, including reproduction, aggregation, hazard
                 recognition and food location. To gain a better
                 understanding of chemical communication in fish
                 produced by density changes, this study analyzed the
                 metabolites released by turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)
                 under different stocking densities. The experiment was
                 conducted at low (LD: 3.01 kg/m 2), medium (MD: 6.62
                 kg/m 2) and high (HD: 10.84 kg/m 2) densities for 15
                 days. High-throughput non-targeted metabolomics
                 (LC-MS/MS) was used to identify variations in
                 metabolites released into the aquatic environment by
                 turbot at different densities. Results showed that 29
                 and 47 metabolites were significantly upregulated in
                 the MD and HD groups, respectively, compared with the
                 LD group. Among them, hexadecanedioic acid, xanthine,
                 phenethylamine, proline and styrene were significantly
                 upregulated in the MD vs. LD, HD vs. MD and HD vs. LD.
                 The VIP diagram of OPLS-DA alignment showed that
                 phenethylamine was the most important metabolite shared
                 by MD vs. LD, HD vs. MD and HD vs. LD. Key gene changes
                 in the GH/IGF-1 signaling pathway, HPI axis of turbot
                 were studied using qRT-PCR for density treatment. The
                 results demonstrated that the expression of GH, GHR and
                 IGF-1 was significantly lower, while the expression of
                 CRH and ACTH was higher in the HD group. Additionally,
                 plasma levels of cortisol, glucose, triglycerides and T
                 3 were also highest in the HD group compared with the
                 LD and MD groups. Phenylethylamine concentration was
                 positively correlated with the HPI axis and negatively
                 correlated with the GH/IGF-1 signaling pathway. To
                 investigate the impact of phenethylamine accumulation
                 on turbot, an acute treatment experiment with
                 phenethylamine was set up. Its concentration in the
                 aquatic environment was set at 0 (CON), 10 {$-$7} (LP)
                 and 10 {$-$5} (HP) mol/L via exogenous addition, and
                 turbot were exposed to these environments for 2 days.
                 There was a high degree of concordance between the
                 GH/IGF-1 signaling pathway (GH, GHR, IGF-1), HPI axis
                 (CRH, ACTH) and plasma physiological changes (cortisol,
                 glucose, triglycerides, T 3) in the
                 phenethylamine-treated group and the density-treated
                 group. Therefore, accumulation of phenethylamine with
                 increasing stocking density may be a potential cause of
                 density stress. Phenylethylamine has a dose-dependent
                 and trace effect as a pheromone.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hamzaoui:2023:OXP,
  author =       "Mahdi Hamzaoui and Mohamed Ould-Elhassen Aoueileyine
                 and Lamia Romdhani and Ridha Bouallegue",
  title =        "Optimizing {XGBoost} Performance for Fish Weight
                 Prediction through Parameter Pre-Selection",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "505",
  day =          "10",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100505",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/505",
  abstract =     "Fish play a major role in the human nutritional
                 system, and farmers need to know the accurate
                 prediction of fish weight in order to optimize the
                 production process and reduce costs. However, existing
                 prediction methods are not efficient. The formulas for
                 calculating fish weight are generally designed for a
                 single species of fish or for species of a similar
                 shape. In this paper, a new hybrid method called
                 SFI-XGBoost is proposed. It combines the VIF (variance
                 inflation factor), PCC (Pearson's correlation
                 coefficient), and XGBoost methods, and it covers
                 different fish species. By applying GridSearchCV
                 validation, normalization, augmentation, and encoding
                 techniques, the obtained results show that SFI-XGBoost
                 is more efficient than simple XGBoost. The model
                 generated by our approach is more generalized,
                 achieving accurate results with a wide variety of
                 species. Using the r2_score evaluation metric,
                 SFI-XGBoost achieves an accuracy rate of 99.94\%.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhou:2023:DSG,
  author =       "Yang Zhou and Li Xu and Zhongtang He and Weijie Cui
                 and Qun Lu and Jianguang Qin and Shengqi Su and Tao
                 He",
  title =        "Discrimination of \bioname{Schizothorax grahami}
                 ({Regan}, 1904) Stocks Based on Otolith Morphology",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "504",
  day =          "10",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100504",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/504",
  abstract =     "Otoliths grow throughout a fish's life and are
                 important for identifying fish stocks and fish age.
                 This study aims to differentiate different stocks of
                 Schizothorax grahami (Regan, 1904) in the Chishui
                 River, an upper reach of the Yangtze River, by otolith
                 morphology. The otolith morphology of S. grahami from
                 three different river sections was analyzed using the
                 Shape Index, Fourier coefficients, and wavelet
                 coefficients. The composite discrimination success rate
                 of the Shape Index was 59.7\%, and it was difficult to
                 distinguish in the scatter plots. In contrast,
                 canonical principal coordinate scatter plots clearly
                 showed three distinguished stocks. The above results
                 indicate that otolith morphology can discriminate
                 between stocks in plateau endemic fish, and several S.
                 grahami stocks may be separately managed in the Chishui
                 River.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sun:2023:TDF,
  author =       "Lufeng Sun and Xiuqi Li and Guancang Dong and Xuri
                 Cong",
  title =        "Taxonomic Diversity of Fish Species in the Lower
                 Reaches of the \geoname{Yellow River}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "503",
  day =          "09",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100503",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/503",
  abstract =     "In order to study the community of fishery resources,
                 five sampling sections were set up in the lower Yellow
                 River from 2019 to 2022 to investigate the diversity of
                 fishery resources. A total of 54 fish species were
                 identified in the survey, belonging to 9 orders, 19
                 families, and 48 genera. The number of species reached
                 its highest level since the Integrated Water Regulation
                 of the Lower Yellow River in 1999. The original rare
                 and endangered fish species in the lower reaches of the
                 Yellow River, such as Coilia nasus, Rhinogobio nasutus,
                 and Pseudobagrus ussuriensis, have reappeared in the
                 lower reaches. The population and abundance of main
                 economic fish and common small-sized fish in the lower
                 reaches of the Yellow River have increased. These signs
                 all indicate that, and the fishery resources are
                 recovering slowly in the lower Yellow River. By
                 comparing the fish resources of various investigation
                 sections, it was found that there are differences in
                 fish diversity: the closer to the estuarine waters, the
                 higher the variety of fish in the Yellow River at the
                 upper level of the taxonomic category. However, that
                 section of the lower Yellow River where species
                 evenness, species diversity, and community structure of
                 fishery resources were most stable was the confluence
                 of Dongping Lake into the Yellow River, which has the
                 most significant number of fish species, the smallest
                 {\Lambda} + value, and the most extensive G-F index.
                 The above results indicate that Dongping Lake, as the
                 only lake connected to the lower reaches of the Yellow
                 River, plays an essential role in replenishing fish
                 resources in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Song:2023:BRS,
  author =       "Yifan Song and Shengmao Zhang and Fenghua Tang and
                 Yongchuang Shi and Yumei Wu and Jianwen He and Yunyun
                 Chen and Lin Li",
  title =        "Behavior Recognition of Squid Jigger Based on Deep
                 Learning",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "502",
  day =          "08",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100502",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:14 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/10/502",
  abstract =     "In recent years, with the development of pelagic
                 fishing, the working environment and monitoring of crew
                 (squid jigger) members have become increasingly
                 important. However, traditional methods of pelagic
                 human observers suffer from high costs, low coverage,
                 poor timeliness, and susceptibility to subjective
                 factors. In contrast, the Electronic Monitoring System
                 (EMS) has advantages such as continuous operation under
                 various weather conditions; more objective,
                 transparent, and efficient data; and less interference
                 with fishing operations. This paper shows how the 3DCNN
                 model, LSTM+ResNet model, and TimeSformer model are
                 applied to video-classification tasks, and for the
                 first time, they are applied to an EMS. In addition,
                 this paper tests and compares the application effects
                 of the three models on video classification, and
                 discusses the advantages and challenges of using them
                 for video recognition. Through experiments, we obtained
                 the accuracy and relevant indicators of video
                 recognition using different models. The research
                 results show that when NUM_FRAMES is set to 8, the
                 LSTM+ResNet-50 model has the best performance, with an
                 accuracy of 88.47\%, an F1 score of 0.8881, and an map
                 score of 0.8133. Analyzing the EMS for pelagic fishing
                 can improve China's performance level and management
                 efficiency in pelagic fishing, and promote the
                 development of the fishery knowledge service system and
                 smart fishery engineering.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2023:EGB,
  author =       "Gangfu Chen and Jing Xu and Min Wu and Huatao Li and
                 Qihui Yang and Lin Feng",
  title =        "Extract of \bioname{Ginkgo biloba} Leaves ({EGb})
                 Decrease Lipid Oxidation in Fish Feed and Meat and
                 Enhance Growth and Antioxidant Capacity in {Jian} Carp
                 (\bioname{Cyprinus carpio {\rm var.} Jian})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "564",
  day =          "20",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110564",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/564",
  abstract =     "Firstly, a linoleic and linolenic acid emulsion were
                 incubated with petroleum ether extract, ethyl acetate
                 extract (EAE), ethanol extract and aqueous extract of
                 Ginkgo biloba leaves. The flavonoids content, total
                 antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and metal-chelating
                 ability (MCA) were determined in EGbs above. Results
                 showed that the extracts of Ginkgo biloba leaves (EGbs)
                 inhibited the lipid oxidation in material above. Of all
                 of EGbs, EAE showed the strongest T-AOC, MCA and
                 protective effects against the lipid oxidation. Next,
                 fish feeds were incubated with graded levels of EAE.
                 The results showed that EAE inhibited lipid oxidation
                 in fish feeds. The optimal inclusion levels of EAE for
                 minimizing lipid oxidation were 4.26 g kg {$-$1} feeds.
                 The effect of EGbs on the lipid oxidation may be
                 closely associated with their flavonoid content.
                 Finally, juvenile carp (14.8 {\pm} 0.4 g) were fed with
                 EAE at concentrations ranging from 0.0 to 6.0 g kg
                 {$-$1} for 60 days. Current data displayed that dietary
                 EAE increased the growth performance of fish. This
                 result of EAE may be ascribed to its enhancing effect
                 on the activity of digestive and absorptive enzymes and
                 antioxidant capacity in digestive organs of fish.
                 Furthermore, dietary EAE decreased the
                 hot-drying-induced lipid oxidation in fish meat through
                 inhibiting the induction effect of hemoglobin in
                 erythrocytes. Our study suggests that EGb can be
                 considered as a potential natural antioxidant for fish
                 and fish feed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mpomwenda:2023:COC,
  author =       "Veronica Mpomwenda and Tumi T{\'o}masson and J{\'o}n
                 Geir P{\'e}tursson and Da{\eth}i Mar
                 Krist{\'o}fersson",
  title =        "From Co-Operation to Coercion in Fisheries Management:
                 The Effects of Military Intervention on the
                 \geoname{Nile} Perch Fishery on \geoname{Lake Victoria}
                 in \geoname{Uganda}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "563",
  day =          "20",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110563",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/563",
  abstract =     "In 2017, Uganda's small-scale inland fisheries
                 underwent a significant transformation, shifting from
                 local co-management to state military enforcement owing
                 to ineffective enforcement of regulations and declining
                 exports. Employing a mixed-methods approach and
                 blending qualitative and quantitative data, we assessed
                 the impact of military intervention on Lake Victoria's
                 Nile perch fishery, focusing on fishing effort, catch,
                 and exports. Our findings indicate that military
                 operations adhered to regulations, gaining primary
                 support from key stakeholders, specifically motorized
                 fishing operators. Consequently, between 2016 and 2020,
                 legal fishing activities experienced substantial
                 growth. By 2021, approximately 90\% of Nile perch
                 catches were made by motorized vessels using longlines
                 and gillnets, despite a declining trend in
                 catch-per-unit effort. Between 2015 and 2021, the Nile
                 perch fishery saw changes: boat seines made up about
                 5\% of motorized fleet catches in 2021, while catches
                 in paddled vessels increased from 20\% to over 50\%,
                 suggesting a potential role in the growing longline
                 fishery. Therefore, the current management approach
                 does not increase catches or exports compared with the
                 co-management period. The observed decline in
                 catch-per-unit effort among motorized gillnets suggests
                 overcapacity. Further research is needed to comprehend
                 the broader sociological and ecological impacts of the
                 present enforcement strategy for sustainable fishery
                 management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Queller:2023:LLE,
  author =       "Philip S. Queller and Elena R. M. Adams and Molly E.
                 Cummings",
  title =        "Life-Long Experience with Male Mating Tactics Shapes
                 Spatial Cognition and Coercion Evasion in Female
                 Swordtails",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "562",
  day =          "20",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110562",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/562",
  abstract =     "Social experiences can shape adult behavior and
                 cognition. Here, we use El Abra swordtails (Xiphophorus
                 nigrensis) to assess how life-long experience with
                 different male mating tactics shapes coercion evasion
                 ability and female spatial cognition. We raised females
                 from birth to adulthood in environments that varied by
                 male mating tactic: coercers only, courtship displayers
                 only, coercers and displayers together,
                 mixed-strategists, and female only. In adulthood, we
                 tested females' behavioral responses to a coercive male
                 and spatial cognition in a maze. Females reared with
                 only displayers were significantly worse at distancing
                 themselves from the coercive male than females raised
                 with coercers and displayers and females raised with
                 only coercers. Females raised with a single mating
                 tactic (either courtship display or coercion) exhibited
                 significantly higher accuracy in the spatial maze than
                 females from other rearing groups, and showed
                 significant reduction in total errors (courtship
                 display group) or latency to reward (coercion group)
                 over successive trials. These more predictable
                 environments (one tactic), and not the more complex
                 environments (two tactics), showed evidence for spatial
                 learning. The results are discussed in light of the
                 existing literature on two components of environmental
                 change (environmental predictability and the certainty
                 with which cues predict the best behavioral response)
                 and their effect on the development of cognitive
                 abilities.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Antognazza:2023:CAA,
  author =       "Caterina M. Antognazza and Anja Palanda{\'c}i{\'c} and
                 Giovanni B. Delmastro and Giuseppe Crosa and Serena
                 Zaccara",
  title =        "Correction: {Antognazza et al. Current and Historical
                 Genetic Variability of Native Brown Trout Populations
                 in a Southern Alpine Ecosystem: Implications for Future
                 Management. {{\booktitle{Fishes}}} 2023, {\bf 8},
                 411}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "561",
  day =          "20",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110561",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See \cite{Antognazza:2023:CHG}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/561",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yu:2023:IMS,
  author =       "Hyun-Ji Yu and Young Il Seo and Jae-Hyeong Yang and
                 Jeong-Ik Baek and Seong hun Kim",
  title =        "Investigating the Mesh Size Selectivity of Olive
                 Flounder (\bioname{Paralichthys olivaceus}) Gillnets
                 for Fisheries Resource Management in the \geoname{East
                 Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "560",
  day =          "20",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110560",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/560",
  abstract =     "This study aimed to evaluate the mesh selectivity of
                 gillnets used in olive flounder (Paralichthys
                 olivaceus) fishing by examining the distribution of
                 total length (TL) across various mesh sizes. A marine
                 fishing experiment was conducted at Gajin Harbor in
                 Goseong County, Gangwon Province, employing
                 experimental gear with four different mesh sizes: 90,
                 105, 135, and 150 mm. Mesh selectivity analysis
                 involved a comparative assessment of selectivity curve
                 methods through normal, log-normal, and bi-normal
                 functions. Among these, the bi-normal function
                 demonstrated the best fit for estimating the mesh
                 selectivity curve within the SELECT model. The critical
                 finding was the net size at which 50\% of the minimum
                 landing size (35 cm in TL) of olive flounder was
                 selected, ranging from 108.7 to 121.1 mm. According to
                 the bi-normal function curve, this size was estimated
                 as 114.0 mm. Our findings indicate that using a mesh
                 size larger than the theoretically estimated size in
                 mesh selectivity analysis can further decrease the
                 catch of immature individuals. These findings provide
                 essential data for devising strategies to efficiently
                 utilize and manage olive flounder resources.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:SDM,
  author =       "Menghui Li and Xuehui Wang and Feiyan Du and Shuai
                 Peng and Lianggen Wang and Dianrong Sun and Yuezhong
                 Wang and Pimao Chen and Yongsong Qiu",
  title =        "Spatial Distribution of Major Fish Species Catches and
                 Their Relationship with Environmental Factors in the
                 \geoname{Beibu Gulf, South China Sea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "559",
  day =          "20",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110559",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/559",
  abstract =     "This study focused on major fish species caught from
                 different ecological habitats to analyze the habitat
                 changes in economically important fish in the Beibu
                 Gulf. The maximum entropy model was constructed based
                 on the data from 26 voyages obtained through the otter
                 trawl fishery stock surveys conducted in the Beibu Gulf
                 from 2006 to 2018. A total of 10 taxa of major fish
                 catches, belonging to 4 families, 1 genus, and 5
                 species, were analyzed for their distribution
                 characteristics in potential habitats during various
                 ecological periods, specifically the withered and
                 high-water periods, as well as their relationships with
                 crucial environmental factors. During both the withered
                 and high-water periods, the average area under the
                 curve was 0.927, and all models had values exceeding
                 0.9. Salinity was identified as the principal factor
                 during both periods. The salinity niche of Acropoma
                 japonicum and the primary productivity niche of
                 Sciaenidae were identified as the most restricted
                 factors. The total distribution area of potentially
                 suitable regions for major fish catches extended
                 between {106$^\circ $}30{\prime}--109{$^\circ
                 $}45{\prime} E and {17$^\circ $}30{\prime}--20{$^\circ
                 $}45{\prime} N, and the area was lesser during the
                 withered period. During the withered period, the
                 distribution areas of Sciaenidae, Leiognathidae, and
                 Saurida increased, while the distribution area of
                 Trachurus japonicus increased during the high-water
                 period. Sciaenidae and Trachurus japonicus exhibited
                 the highest rates of change at 6.22\% and 10.92\%,
                 respectively. This indicates that the high-water period
                 may expand the range of suitable habitats for large
                 catches that have an ideal habitat status in the Beibu
                 Gulf. Therefore, it is crucial to anticipate the
                 potential fish habitats in the Beibu Gulf and clarify
                 their spatial distribution patterns.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhou:2023:TCL,
  author =       "Fan Zhou and Xuelin Zhang and Gaohua Yao and Xiaoming
                 Chen and Ming Qi and Qin Zhou and Ningyu Zhu and
                 Qinghui Meng and Yu Zhang and Xueyan Ding",
  title =        "Transcriptomic Comparison of Liver Tissue across
                 Different Largemouth Bass (\bioname{Micropterus
                 salmoides}) Strains",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "558",
  day =          "19",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110558",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/558",
  abstract =     "Over the past few years, China has become a hotspot
                 for the domestication of the commercially valuable
                 largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Although the
                 food preference of this fish has been studied, little
                 is known about the genes regulating its growth.
                 Population breeding was performed using two indigenous
                 strains (QT1 and QT2), with the results showing that
                 the organ/body ratio, abdominal fat rate and the body
                 weight gain of QT1 and QT2 were higher than for the
                 offspring YL1 and Y3 which are extensively cultured in
                 China. Subsequent RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) allowed for
                 the identification of potential genes and pathways
                 involved in growth performance. Overall, the
                 transcriptome analysis generated 89,056 transcripts and
                 42,529 Unigenes. A PCA revealed significant differences
                 between QT1 and the other three strains, while the
                 other three strains did not show much difference. A
                 KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed
                 genes showed that steroid biosynthesis was the most
                 enriched pathway among the four strains. These pathways
                 could be related to the growth of largemouth bass. In
                 addition, a co-expression network analysis suggested a
                 strong interaction between liver steroid biosynthesis
                 and the genes for photosynthesis, secondary metabolism
                 and stress response. Taken together, the above results
                 can provide new insights into the liver metabolism of
                 different strains of largemouth bass during culture and
                 provide references for the subsequent domestication and
                 breeding programs of largemouth bass.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mundahl:2023:CRF,
  author =       "Neal D. Mundahl and Kelsey A. Hoffmann",
  title =        "Condition, Reproductive Fitness, and Fluctuating
                 Asymmetry in Brook Stickleback: Responses to
                 Anthropogenic Runoff",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "557",
  day =          "19",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110557",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/557",
  abstract =     "Multiple indicators have been used to assess the
                 degree of exposure of fish to anthropogenic chemicals
                 in their stream habitats. We hypothesized that brook
                 stickleback (Culaea inconstans) in a headwater stream
                 receiving urban and agricultural runoff (South Fork
                 Whitewater River, SFWR) would exhibit poorer condition,
                 reduced reproductive fitness, and a greater left side
                 to right side morphological asymmetry (i.e.,
                 fluctuating asymmetry or FA) than fish from a nearby
                 headwater stream with a forested drainage basin (Garvin
                 Brook). Male and female fish were collected from both
                 streams just prior to spawning in 2013--2015. In 2013
                 and 2014, fish were assessed for overall condition
                 (Fulton's K), internal measures of condition
                 (hepatosomatic index, HSI) and reproductive fitness
                 (gonadosomatic index [GSI], total oocyte count, and
                 oocyte mass). In 2015, measurements of head length, jaw
                 length, eye diameter, pectoral fin length, and pelvic
                 fin length were made on both sides of each fish for
                 assessing degree of FA. We observed declining condition
                 with fish size, increased liver size, and reduced
                 oocyte counts and oocyte size in female brook
                 stickleback in SFWR relative to those from Garvin
                 Brook. SFWR females had significantly higher FA than
                 Garvin females for all structures assessed, except
                 pelvic fin length. FA also was slightly higher for all
                 structures in SFWR males compared to Garvin males, but
                 differences were not significant. A composite FA index
                 combining all measurements from an individual fish into
                 a single value displayed highly significant differences
                 for female fish (SFWR FA {$ > $$ >$ } Garvin FA), but
                 not for male fish (SFWR FA = Garvin FA). Exposure of
                 brook stickleback to reduced water quality in SFWR
                 during early development appears to increase
                 morphological asymmetry in female (but not male) fish,
                 and continuing exposure to compromised water quality
                 throughout life impacts both general condition and
                 reproductive fitness of stickleback, especially older
                 female fish, in SFWR.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zuluaga-Hernandez:2023:NCI,
  author =       "Christian David Zuluaga-Hern{\'a}ndez and Carlos A.
                 Hincapi{\'e} and Marisol Osorio",
  title =        "Non-Conventional Ingredients for Tilapia
                 (\bioname{Oreochromis} spp.) Feed: a Systematic
                 Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "556",
  day =          "18",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110556",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/556",
  abstract =     "The objective of this systematic review was to
                 identify and classify, from the available literature,
                 non-conventional feed ingredients from terrestrial
                 plants, animals, algae, and fungi which have been
                 evaluated for their potential use for tilapia
                 (Oreochromis spp.) production. For this purpose, 795
                 papers published in the Scopus and Web of Science
                 databases between 2011 and 2021 were analyzed using the
                 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and
                 Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. Data on the growth
                 rate (GR) and effects on weight gain (WG), specific
                 growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR);
                 digestibility; fatty acid profile (FAP) of the fish
                 carcass; and the survival rate (SR) were compiled in
                 databases and summary tables. The results were refined
                 according to different criteria, obtaining 144
                 documents that were pertinent for an in-depth analysis.
                 From those, we found that 50.7\% evaluated terrestrial
                 plants, 22.2\% animals, 13.9\% algae, 9\% fungi, and
                 the remaining, combinations of some of the above
                 categories. From the summarized results we concluded
                 that most of the non-conventional sources analyzed have
                 a positive potential impact as alternatives for
                 producing tilapia. Survival was the most evaluated
                 parameter, while digestibility was the least evaluated
                 parameter.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zheng:2023:ESD,
  author =       "Jishu Zheng and Zhengxi Wang and Decheng Pu and
                 Peiyuan Li and Xiuli Wei and Mai Li and Dongsheng Li
                 and Lihong Gao and Xuliang Zhai",
  title =        "Effects of Stocking Density on Intestinal Health of
                 Juvenile \bioname{Micropterus salmoides} in Industrial
                 Aquaponics",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "555",
  day =          "17",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110555",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/555",
  abstract =     "Stocking density is a key factor affecting the health
                 of aquatic organisms in industrial aquaponics. In this
                 study, Micropterus salmoides were assigned to one of
                 two density groups (160 and 120 fish/m 3) for 40 days.
                 The growth performance, intestinal morphology, enzyme
                 activity, and microbial communities were compared
                 between the two density groups. The findings revealed
                 that the higher stocking density condition exhibited an
                 increased weight gain rate and specific growth rate
                 during the developmental phase of the juvenile M.
                 salmoides. Moreover, remarkable increases in villi
                 height, villi width, and muscular layer thickness were
                 observed. Additionally, this elevated stocking density
                 condition also enhanced the activity of intestinal
                 antioxidant enzymes, consequently improving the
                 structural integrity of the intestine and augmenting
                 the digestive and absorptive capacities of the juvenile
                 M. salmoides. With regard to the intestinal microbial
                 community, the dominant phyla detected were Firmicutes
                 and Proteobacteria. However, under the higher stocking
                 density condition, there was a significant upsurge in
                 the abundance of Mycoplasma. Consequently, it is
                 advised to mitigate the abundance of such pathogenic
                 microorganisms through the regulation of the water
                 environment during the aquacultural process. Drawing
                 from recent investigations on the impact of various
                 factors on the intestinal microbiota of M. salmoides,
                 it can be deduced that the composition of the
                 intestinal microbiota is closely intertwined with
                 factors including aquaculture practices, feed
                 composition, water environment, and developmental
                 stage. In summary, the aforementioned research findings
                 possess noteworthy implications for the control of
                 stocking density in the cultivation of juvenile M.
                 salmoides.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mazzucato:2023:OBM,
  author =       "Matteo Mazzucato and Tiziano Dorotea and Eleonora
                 Franzago and Paolo Mulatti and Giulio Marchetti and
                 Claudia Casarotto and Andrea Fabris and Nicola
                 Ferr{\`e} and Anna Toffan and Andrea Marsella and
                 Azzurra Callegaro and Grazia Manca and Manuela {Dalla
                 Pozza}",
  title =        "Overview on the Biosecurity Measures of Salmonid Fish
                 Farms: a Case Study in \geoname{Italy}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "554",
  day =          "16",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110554",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/554",
  abstract =     "Italy is one of the main European producers of trout
                 fish, and the most important producing area is the
                 Autonomous Province of Trento (APT) in the North East.
                 The objective of the study was to obtain a snapshot of
                 the trout farms of the APT by identifying biosecurity
                 factors, objectifying them, and classifying the
                 establishments accordingly. Data from 62 salmonid farms
                 were collected using a national checklist in which
                 biosecurity elements were identified and assessed using
                 the method of expert elicitation. The purpose was to
                 evaluate the levels of biosecurity of a trout farm in
                 order to rank the risk of introduction and spread of
                 infectious fish diseases. The main critical factors
                 identified during this study were as following: (i)
                 cleaning and disinfection of the cargo truck; (ii)
                 regular collection, storage, and disposal of dead fish;
                 (iii) presence of anti-bird nets; (iv) use of dedicated
                 equipment for the different sectors of the farm; and
                 (v) presence of external areas dedicated to the loading
                 of dead fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kropielnicka-Kruk:2023:EFT,
  author =       "Katarzyna Kropielnicka-Kruk and Quinn P. Fitzgibbon
                 and Mohamed B. Codabaccus and Andrew J. Trotter and
                 Chris G. Carter and Gregory G. Smith",
  title =        "Effect of Feed Texture and Dimensions, on Feed Waste
                 Type and Feeding Efficiency in Juvenile
                 \bioname{Sagmariasus verreauxi}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "553",
  day =          "16",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110553",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/553",
  abstract =     "The ``messy'' feeding behaviour of spiny lobsters
                 remains an obstacle for formulated feed development.
                 This study examined the relationship between feeding
                 efficiency and feed waste by juvenile spiny lobster,
                 Sagmariasus verreauxi, fed different formulated pellet
                 diameters or lengths across two separate experiments.
                 Feed texture (hard and dry pellet, HDP; soft and moist
                 pellet, SMP) was also examined. Juvenile lobsters were
                 fed experimental feeds at 0.5\% BW daily over a 6 h
                 duration. The resulting feed waste was categorised as
                 either feeding-related waste (FRW) or
                 non-feeding-related waste (NFRW). For all feed types,
                 the FRW increased with increasing pellet diameter and
                 pellet length. The increase in FRW corresponded with a
                 decrease in NFRW, particularly for HDP, resulting in no
                 difference in total feed waste in any treatment
                 investigated. Thus, even with improved feeding
                 efficiency with small feed dimensions, feed intake was
                 not improved. Feed leaching rate decreased with
                 increasing pellet size, suggesting a more rapid decline
                 in feed attractiveness for smaller pellets. This
                 finding indicates that currently a counteractive
                 interaction exists between pellet size and feed
                 attractiveness and suggests improving attractiveness
                 would further enhance feeding. Future research should
                 aim at optimising feed dimensions simultaneously to
                 support efficient feeding whilst enhancing
                 attraction/gustatory stimulations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Monahan:2023:SPF,
  author =       "Dylan Monahan and Jeff S. Wesner and Stephanie M.
                 Parker and Hannah Schartel",
  title =        "Spatial Patterns in Fish Assemblages across the
                 {National Ecological Observation Network (NEON)}: the
                 First Six Years",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "552",
  day =          "16",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110552",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/552",
  abstract =     "The National Ecological Observation Network (NEON) is
                 a thirty-year, open-source, continental-scale
                 ecological observation platform. The objective of the
                 NEON project is to provide data to facilitate the
                 understanding and forecasting of the ecological impacts
                 of anthropogenic change at a continental scale. Fish
                 are sentinel taxa in freshwater systems, and the NEON
                 has been sampling and collecting fish assemblage data
                 at wadable stream sites for six years. One to two NEON
                 wadable stream sites are located in sixteen domains
                 from Alaska to Puerto Rico. The goal of site selection
                 was that sites represent local conditions but with the
                 intention that site data be analyzed at a continental
                 observatory level. Site selection did not include fish
                 assemblage criteria. Without using fish assemblage
                 criteria, anomalies in fish assemblages at the site
                 level may skew the expected spatial patterns of North
                 American stream fish assemblages, thereby hindering
                 change detection in subsequent years. However, if NEON
                 stream sites are representative of the current spatial
                 distributions of North American stream fish
                 assemblages, we could expect to find the most diverse
                 sites in Atlantic drainages and the most depauperate
                 sites in Pacific drainages. Therefore, we calculated
                 the alpha and regional (beta) diversities of wadable
                 stream sites to highlight spatial patterns. As
                 expected, NEON sites followed predictable spatial
                 diversity patterns, which could facilitate future
                 change detection and attribution to changes in
                 environmental drivers, if any.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2023:GGC,
  author =       "Yichao Zhang and Siyong Qin and Qinghua Liu and Wenqi
                 Wang",
  title =        "Gonad and Germ Cell Development and Maturation
                 Characteristics of the Pot-Bellied Seahorse
                 (\bioname{Hippocampus abdominalis}) under Captive
                 Breeding Conditions in \geoname{Northern China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "551",
  day =          "15",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110551",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/551",
  abstract =     "Ovoviviparity and male pregnancy represent distinctive
                 reproductive strategies in seahorses. However, the
                 detailed process of gonadal development in seahorses,
                 particularly in the pot-bellied seahorse (Hippocampus
                 abdominalis), remains largely unknown. In this study,
                 we investigated the complete gonadal development
                 process of the pot-bellied seahorse under captive
                 breeding conditions (18 {\pm} 1 {$^\circ $}C).
                 Immediately after birth, primordial germ cells (PGCs)
                 were found within the genital ridge, enclosed by a
                 single layer of somatic cells. Around 7--9 days after
                 birth (DAB), the ovary begins to differentiate. By 30
                 DAB, two germinal ridges had formed along the edge of
                 the follicular lamina in the ovary. The primary
                 oocytes, resulting from this differentiation process,
                 gradually migrated from the dorsal sides to the
                 mid-ventral area of the ovary, eventually maturing into
                 eggs. In the testis, the primary and secondary
                 spermatocytes appeared at 15 and 30 DAB, respectively,
                 preceding the formation of the testicular lumen (50
                 DAB). The testis was observed to consist of a single
                 large germinal compartment. Under captive breeding
                 conditions in Northern China, the pot-bellied seahorse
                 demonstrated year-round breeding capability, with each
                 male producing approximately 100--150 larvae. The
                 findings from this study contribute valuable insights
                 into seahorse aquaculture and enhance understanding of
                 the unique reproductive strategy employed by
                 seahorses.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{An:2023:MCE,
  author =       "Hyung-Eun An and Min-Ho Mun and Chang-Bae Kim",
  title =        "Metabarcoding by Combining Environmental {DNA} with
                 Environmental {RNA} to Monitor Fish Species in the
                 \geoname{Han River, Korea}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "550",
  day =          "15",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110550",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/550",
  abstract =     "Fishes are ecologically important organisms that have
                 long lifespans, high mobilities, and diverse trophic
                 levels. Due to their importance, fishes are used as
                 bioindicators for monitoring aquatic environments. One
                 method for monitoring fishes is based on environmental
                 DNA (eDNA), which are the deoxynucleic acids released
                 by organisms into the environment. However, there has
                 been a problem with false positives because eDNA is
                 relatively stable in the environment and could even
                 likely represent dead or non-inhabiting organisms. To
                 address this weakness, environmental RNA (eRNA), which
                 degrades more rapidly than eDNA in the environment, can
                 be utilized to complement eDNA. But, to date, few
                 studies have used eRNA for freshwater fish monitoring.
                 In this study, to determine the relative usefulness of
                 eDNA and eRNA metabarcoding in freshwater fishes, we
                 performed eDNA and eRNA metabarcoding on 12S rRNA
                 targeting fish using water samples that were collected
                 from three locations in the Han River. We then
                 calculated the sensitivity and positive predictivity of
                 this approach by comparing our data to the previous
                 specimen capture survey (PSCS) data from the last six
                 years. The results showed that 42 species were detected
                 by eDNA and 19 by eRNA at the three locations. At all
                 locations, compared to the PSCS data, the average
                 sensitivity was higher for eDNA (46.1\%) than for eRNA
                 (34.6\%), and the average positive predictivity was
                 higher for eRNA (31.7\%) than for eDNA (20.7\%). This
                 confirmed that eDNA metabarcoding has the advantage of
                 broadly determining species presence or absence
                 (including those that are no longer present or dead),
                 but it also generates false positives; meanwhile, eRNA
                 metabarcoding reports living fish species, but detects
                 fewer species than eDNA. Combining eDNA and eRNA
                 therefore emphasizes their advantages and compensates
                 for their disadvantages, and conducting this may
                 therefore be useful for identifying false positives and
                 monitoring the fish species that are actually present
                 in the environment. This metabarcoding technique can be
                 used in the future to provide insights into the aquatic
                 environment and the monitoring of fisheries.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2023:TAG,
  author =       "Yifan Zhang and Dandan Zhang and Ying Tian and Junxia
                 Mao and Yang Liu and Zhenlin Hao",
  title =        "Transcriptome Analysis of Gill Tissues from
                 \bioname{Neptunea cumingii} in Different Seasons",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "549",
  day =          "11",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110549",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/549",
  abstract =     "Neptunea cumingii is an economically important marine
                 shellfish found in the Yellow and Bohai Seas areas of
                 China. In this study, samples of Neptunea cumingii were
                 collected in Zhangzidao and Yantai during spring,
                 summer, autumn, and winter to clarify the gene
                 expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms in their
                 gills in different seasons. Transcriptome analysis was
                 conducted using Neptunea cumingii gill tissues, and
                 genes with significantly different expression levels
                 were extracted for functional verification. The most
                 genes with differences in expression (DEGs) were found
                 in comparisons of the winter and summer samples. Gene
                 enrichment analysis based on Gene Ontology and Kyoto
                 Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes terms showed that
                 these DEGs were mainly involved in immune and metabolic
                 pathways, and they had significant effects on oxidative
                 stress, body metabolism, and protein synthesis in
                 Neptunea cumingii. Further screening of DEGs identified
                 thirty-four genes related to temperature regulation,
                 comprising thirteen genes with roles in innate immunity
                 in shellfish, twelve genes related to oxidative stress,
                 and nine genes related to protein synthesis and energy
                 metabolism. Eleven DEGs were randomly selected for qPCR
                 verification, and the results were consistent with the
                 transcriptome analysis results. In summary, the
                 transcriptome results differed significantly between
                 seasons in the gill tissues of Neptunea cumingii. The
                 expression levels of immune regulatory genes could be
                 promoted in Neptunea cumingii during the high
                 temperature season, whereas the expression of these
                 genes may be inhibited in the low temperature season.
                 The results obtained in this study provide insights
                 into the molecular defense mechanisms that might allow
                 Neptunea cumingii to adapt to climate change.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Miller:2023:YAH,
  author =       "Michael J. Miller",
  title =        "43 Years after {H. G. Moser}'s Seminal
                 ``{{\booktitle{Morphological and Functional Aspects of
                 Marine Fish Larvae}}}'': The Commonalities of
                 Leptocephali and Larvae of Other Marine Teleosts",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "548",
  day =          "10",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110548",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/548",
  abstract =     "H.G. Moser was not particularly well known regarding
                 the Elopomorpha, but he began his seminal 1981 fish
                 larvae morphology review by describing the mysteries of
                 European eels and their leptocephali, and he eventually
                 described some California Current leptocephali.
                 Descriptions of all types of leptocephali and then
                 microscope photographs have revealed complex
                 pigmentation patterns and diverse body shapes that
                 parallel the features of the other teleost fish larvae
                 that his review showed so clearly, some of which appear
                 to mimic gelatinous zooplankton (GZ). Most recently,
                 underwater photographs and video of leptocephali
                 indicate that predator avoidance through transparency,
                 shape-change-mediated mimicry, or morphological
                 features have evolved in response to natural selection
                 from predation in ways generally similar to other fish
                 larvae. Several families of leptocephali perform
                 remarkable curling into round or flattened shapes or
                 use expandable chromatophores when threatened, which
                 appears to mimic GZ for predation reduction. Like a
                 number of other teleost fish larvae, some leptocephali
                 have body extensions or telescopic eyes, and at least
                 one has a long caudal filament with pigmented swellings
                 that is similar to the remarkable GZ mimicry appendages
                 of some fish larvae. The morphology and use of mimicry
                 of leptocephali in comparison to other fish larvae is
                 reviewed as a tribute to H.G. Moser's remarkable
                 career.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wildhaber:2023:RGC,
  author =       "Mark L. Wildhaber and Benjamin M. West and Karlie K.
                 Ditter and Adrian P. Moore and Alex S. Peterson",
  title =        "A Review of Grass Carp and Related Species Literature
                 on Diet, Behavior, Toxicology, and Physiology Focused
                 on Informing Development of Controls for Invasive Grass
                 Carp Populations in \geoname{North America}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "547",
  day =          "10",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110547",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/547",
  abstract =     "Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) are globally
                 important in aquaculture and aquatic vegetation
                 control. However, escaped grass carp have established
                 invasive populations. A targeted keyword search was
                 performed on a carp (order: Cypriniformes) literature
                 database maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey to
                 identify literature relevant to grass carp. Additional
                 sources cited in reviewed documents and provided by
                 numerous reviewers were also included. There were three
                 focus areas designed to provide support for invasive
                 grass carp management: (1) diet and behavior; (2)
                 physiological constraints, toxicity, and biology; and
                 (3) gut physiology. Each focus area provides
                 information to guide development of potential pathways
                 for invasive grass carp control. Information from other
                 carp species was used to fill in gaps where grass carp
                 information was lacking and provide additional,
                 potential research directions. Diet-related information
                 included food selection and aquacultural diet
                 formulations. Behavioral information included stimuli
                 and non-physical barriers to attract, repel, or stop
                 movement. Physiological constraints, toxicology,
                 reproductive control, and biological control provide a
                 research review for control options. Gut physiology and
                 related control pathways provide knowledge to improve
                 toxin or pathogen delivery. This review provides a
                 basis for developing approaches and research for
                 controlling invasive grass carp populations,
                 aquaculture, and native population management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Mendez-Martinez:2023:GPF,
  author =       "Yuniel M{\'e}ndez-Mart{\'\i}nez and Alan Rodrigo
                 Vera-Veliz and Edilmar Cort{\'e}s-Jacinto and Yanis
                 Cruz-Quintana and Aroldo Botello-Leon and Pedro Daniel
                 Mendoza-Carranza and Natalia S. Calvo",
  title =        "Growth Performance, Feed Utilisation, Digestive and
                 Metabolic Enzyme Activity, and Liver Morphohistology in
                 Hybrid Tilapia (\bioname{Oreochromis mossambicus} $
                 \times $ \bioname{Oreochromis niloticus}) Juveniles Fed
                 with the Inclusion of Chitosan in Their Diet",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "546",
  day =          "09",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110546",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/546",
  abstract =     "This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance,
                 feed utilisation, digestive and metabolic enzyme
                 activity, and liver histology in juveniles of hybrid
                 red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus $ \times $
                 Oreochromis niloticus) fed with the inclusion of
                 chitosan in their diet. Six dietary chitosan levels (0
                 ``control'', 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g kg {$-$1}) were
                 used to feed juvenile fish (initial weight 7.50 {\pm}
                 0.20 g) that were cultured for eight weeks in 18 tanks
                 at a density of 15 fish/tank. The growth performance
                 presented significant differences (p \SGMLentity{706}
                 0.05) for weight gain, specific growth rate, feed
                 conversion ratio, hepatosomatic index, and survival
                 rate. The digestive and metabolic enzyme activities
                 were significantly (p {$<$} 0.05) influenced by the
                 levels of chitosan in the administered diet.
                 Histologically, no damage was found in the liver;
                 however, morphometrically, a significant difference (p
                 {$<$} 0.05) was found in the hepatocyte area and
                 sinusoid area. Vacuolisation of hepatocytes was found
                 in treatments with 40 and 50 g kg {$-$1} of chitosan in
                 the diet. Treatments with doses of chitosan showed a
                 better response (p {$<$} 0.05) compared to the control
                 treatment in most of the different groups of variables
                 analysed. The result of the principal component
                 analysis suggests that a diet containing 40 g kg {$-$1}
                 of chitosan is optimal for tilapia growth
                 performance.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Franca:2023:CFR,
  author =       "Susana Fran{\c{c}}a",
  title =        "Changes in the Functional Role of the \geoname{Tejo
                 Estuary (Portugal, Europe)} According to Fish
                 Ecological Guilds",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "545",
  day =          "08",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110545",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/545",
  abstract =     "Estuaries are extremely productive ecosystems,
                 providing habitats for numerous aquatic species and
                 crucial ecological services. The Tejo estuary, one of
                 the largest European estuaries, has been thoroughly
                 studied, and its important functional role as a nursery
                 for several commercially important fish species is
                 already established. In the present work, a trait-based
                 approach was applied to functionally describe the fish
                 community structure of the Tejo estuary and to
                 enlighten potential changes in the ecosystem
                 functioning at this level, following environmental
                 changes expected to occur. To predict the distribution
                 of species from the two most representative ecological
                 guilds of the Tejo estuary, estuarine residents and
                 marine migrants, species distribution models were built
                 using an ensemble technique (combining forecasts of
                 single models). The predictions obtained were more
                 accurate for the marine migrants and the species
                 distribution was strongly related with salinity,
                 whereas estuarine species, were also influenced by
                 depth, habitat type and river flow. The potential
                 distributions of these ecological guilds showed that
                 marine migrants will tend to use upstream areas in the
                 estuary, where salinity is lower. Nonetheless, salinity
                 is expected to increase as extreme weather events such
                 as droughts tend to occur more frequently, decreasing
                 favorable habitat availability for these species, and
                 thus threatening the crucial role this ecosystem plays
                 for these species.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhang:2023:GDG,
  author =       "Zhe Zhang and Chengkuan Lu and Kebing Lin and Weiwei
                 You and Zhangwu Yang",
  title =        "Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure among Four
                 Selected Strains of Whiteleg Shrimp
                 (\bioname{Litopenaeus vannamei}) Using {SSR} Markers",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "544",
  day =          "06",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110544",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/544",
  abstract =     "The whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of
                 the most economically important aquaculture species in
                 China. Genetic diversity is crucial for maintaining the
                 gene pool of farmed shrimp. In this study, the effects
                 of artificial selection on the genetic structure of
                 four whiteleg shrimp strains were evaluated using
                 microsatellite sequences. The results showed that the
                 observed heterozygosity (H o), expected heterozygosity
                 (H e), and the polymorphism information content (PIC)
                 of the four selected strains ranged from 0.446 to
                 0.574, 0.450 to 0.566, and 0.435 to 0.509,
                 respectively. All the selected strains maintained a
                 moderate level of genetic diversity. Most inbreeding
                 coefficients (F is) in the four strains were positive
                 but not significantly different from zero, indicating a
                 relatively low degree of inbreeding within each strain.
                 However, H e and PIC in line 5 showed a decreasing
                 trend from the 2017 to the 2019 generations, and F is
                 in line 10 showed a significant increasing trend across
                 generations, indicating that measures must be taken to
                 maintain the level of genetic diversity for lines 5 and
                 10. UPGMA cluster trees showed that the four breeding
                 lines had apparent genetic differences, which could
                 provide a genetic basis for studying crossbreeding
                 between selective lines and the utilization of
                 heterosis. This study will be useful for population
                 genetic research and the breeding strategies of
                 whiteleg shrimp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yu:2023:BAU,
  author =       "Young-Bin Yu and Jae-Ho Choi and Ju-Hyeong Lee and
                 A-Hyun Jo and Sung Won Han and Song-Hun Han and Hee Jae
                 Choi and Cheol Young Choi and Ju-Chan Kang and EunYoung
                 Min and Jun-Hwan Kim",
  title =        "Biofloc Application Using Aquaponics and Vertical
                 Aquaculture Technology in Aquaculture: Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "543",
  day =          "04",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110543",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/543",
  abstract =     "Some aspects of traditional aquaculture have negative
                 impacts on the aquatic environment, leading to
                 pollution and disease outbreaks in farmed organisms.
                 Biofloc technology (BFT) is a closed aquaculture system
                 that utilizes specific microbial communities to remove
                 ammonia emitted from aquaculture organisms or adds
                 carbon to the aquaculture system to improve water
                 quality. BFT has benefits, such as increasing
                 production and improving water quality, and reducing
                 disease spread and pollution, without the need for
                 water exchange. However, there are disadvantages, such
                 as rapid changes in water quality due to accumulation
                 of dissolved nutrients and total suspended soils (TSS)
                 and the requirement for expensive aeration equipment to
                 maintain dissolved oxygen. BFT can be enhanced in value
                 and efficiency by combining it with other aquaculture
                 technologies, such as aquaponics and vertical
                 aquaculture to overcome the disadvantages. The
                 integration of biofloc with technologies from the
                 fourth industrial revolution holds potential for
                 further development, while aquaponics and vertical
                 farming can eliminate geographical limitations and
                 accelerate the urbanization of aquaculture. The
                 integration of aquaponics and vertical aquaculture with
                 BFT has potential for development, accelerating the
                 urbanization of aquaculture and removing geographic
                 limitations.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yildirim-Aksoy:2023:FBS,
  author =       "Mediha Y{\i}ld{\i}r{\i}m-Aksoy and Rashida Eljack and
                 Janset Aksoy and Benjamin H. Beck",
  title =        "Frass from Black Soldier Fly Larvae, \bioname{Hermetia
                 illucens}, as a Possible Functional Dietary Ingredient
                 in Channel Catfish Feed",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "542",
  day =          "02",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110542",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/542",
  abstract =     "Frass--the by-product of the larva meal industry--was
                 recently shown to be a sustainable ingredient for use
                 in diets of several fish species. Additionally, because
                 of its possible immunomodulatory activity and
                 anti-microbial properties, frass may have great
                 potential as an organic method of pathogen control in
                 aquaculture. Five diets containing 0, 5, 10, 20 and
                 30\% frass from black soldier fly larvae, Hermetia
                 illucens, were fed to channel catfish (5.24 {\pm} 0.04
                 g) in quadruplicate aquaria to apparent satiation twice
                 daily. At the end of the 10-week feeding trial, blood
                 samples were collected from all groups to measure
                 hematological and immune parameters, and to determine
                 the effects of dietary frass on resistance to
                 Flavobacterium covae infection. Hematological
                 parameters (red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and
                 hematocrit)---but not white blood cell count---were
                 improved with the inclusion of frass. Serum glucose
                 levels were significantly lower in fish on the diet
                 with frass than fish on the diet without frass. Fish
                 fed the highest dietary levels of frass (30\%) had a
                 significantly higher serum cholesterol level than fish
                 on the control diet. Serum complement activity was
                 significantly higher in fish on diets containing frass
                 at levels of 10\% and 20\%. No significant differences
                 were observed in other measure serum components
                 including albumin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine
                 aminotransferase, amylase, calcium, phosphorus,
                 potassium, total protein, globulin, thyroxine and
                 lysozyme activity. Even though overall mortality was
                 low (0--17\%), fish on the diets containing frass at
                 levels 20\% or more showed significantly higher
                 survival than that of control fish or fish on lower
                 levels of dietary frass. The use of frass in the
                 catfish diet may prove beneficial by improving
                 hematological parameters, and select serum immune
                 effectors, and the overall resistance of juvenile
                 channel catfish against F. covae infection.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Madera-Santana:2023:DDC,
  author =       "Sara Madera-Santana and Carlos
                 Rodr{\'\i}guez-Garc{\'\i}a and Jairo
                 Castro-Guti{\'e}rrez and {\'A}ngel Rafael
                 Dom{\'\i}nguez-Bustos and Remedios Cabrera-Castro",
  title =        "Discarded but Not Dismissed: a Comprehensive Study of
                 the Feeding Habits of the Brown Comber
                 (\bioname{Serranus hepatus}, ({Linneaus} 1758)) in the
                 \geoname{Gulf of C{\'a}diz (NE Atlantic)}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "541",
  day =          "02",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110541",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/541",
  abstract =     "The brown comber (Serranus hepatus) is a small
                 benthopelagic species with no commercial value,
                 primarily caught by bottom trawls as a by-catch. In
                 this work, we studied the feeding habits of this
                 species. For this purpose, samples were obtained from
                 the trawl fleet within the different editions of the
                 ECOFISH project carried out between 2019 and 2022. A
                 total of 1534 individuals were analyzed. In the diet
                 analysis, various factors were considered, such as the
                 season, the depth, and the time of day of the capture,
                 as well as the size range of the individuals caught.
                 For the feeding analysis, different indexes were
                 calculated, such as the vacuity index (\%Vi) and index
                 of relative importance (\%IRI). The size range of the
                 specimens was between 3.2--16.3 cm, and the weight was
                 between 1.02--39.73 g. Of the stomach content analyzed,
                 49.7\% of the stomachs were found to be empty. The
                 resources with the greatest importance in the diet of
                 the brown comber were from the crustacean group,
                 especially mysidaceans and decapods. There were
                 differences in the diet according to season, depth, and
                 size; however, there was no variation in diet by the
                 time of day.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sun:2023:BTF,
  author =       "Yan Sun and Yi Huang and Ying Wang and Yanqun Wang and
                 Guiying Hao and Changwei Jiang and Zhiqiu Huang",
  title =        "The {bZIP} Transcription Factor Family Orchestrates
                 the Molecular Response to Nitrite Stress in the
                 Largemouth Bass Spleen",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "540",
  day =          "01",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110540",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/540",
  abstract =     "Nitrite toxicity poses a significant threat to aquatic
                 organisms, including largemouth bass (LMB) and
                 Micropterus salmoides. This study aimed to elucidate
                 the role of bZIP transcription factors in mediating the
                 molecular responses to nitrite stress in the LMB
                 spleen. We identified 120 bZIP genes in the LMB genome
                 using bioinformatics analysis and divided them into 11
                 subgroups based on phylogenetic relationships. Under
                 nitrite stress, the bZIP_XI subgroup was upregulated,
                 suggesting the activation of the stress response in the
                 LMB spleen. Cellular pathway analysis revealed
                 enrichment of pathways related to stress response, DNA
                 repair, apoptosis, and autophagy. Co-expression network
                 analysis highlighted bZIP_XI members such as
                 msabZIP_49, msabZIP_12, msabZIP_39, and msabZIP_116 as
                 potential key regulators. These transcription factors
                 likely modulated the expression of stress-related genes
                 like VCAM1, POLE3, and BMP1. Conserved binding motifs
                 in the promoters of these genes may support regulation
                 by bZIP_XI. Furthermore, bZIP_XI members correlated
                 with immune cell infiltration in the spleen,
                 potentially regulating immune-related genes like BCL2L1
                 and SELE. Homologs of bZIP_XI in other fish species
                 exhibited similar expression patterns under stress.
                 Overall, this study implicates the bZIP transcription
                 factor family, notably the bZIP_XI subgroup, in
                 orchestrating the molecular response of the LMB spleen
                 to nitrite toxicity by regulating stress response
                 pathways and immune function. These findings provide
                 insights into nitrite stress adaptation in fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Osowski:2023:DHH,
  author =       "Ana R. Osowski and Matthew B. Jargowsky and Pearce T.
                 Cooper and Sean P. Powers and J. Marcus Drymon",
  title =        "Dietary Habits of Hardhead (\bioname{Ariopsis felis})
                 and Gafftopsail (\bioname{Bagre marinus}) Catfish
                 Revealed through {DNA} Barcoding of Stomach Contents",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "539",
  day =          "31",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110539",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/539",
  abstract =     "A better understanding of trophic interactions between
                 hardhead catfish (Ariopsis felis) and gafftopsail
                 catfish (Bagre marinus) is crucial for developing
                 multi-species management strategies for the northern
                 Gulf of Mexico (GOM). These two species are often
                 aggregated in food web models; however, limited data
                 are available to substantiate this approach. Therefore,
                 the present study aimed to describe the dietary habits
                 of hardhead catfish and gafftopsail catfish using
                 analysis of stomach contents aided by DNA barcoding.
                 Hardhead (n = 693) and gafftopsail (n = 655) catfish
                 were sampled in the northern GOM from 2015--2019 using
                 both fisheries-dependent and -independent techniques.
                 The average percent number (\%N), average percent mass
                 (\%M), prey specific number (\%PN), prey specific mass
                 (\%PM), and prey-specific index of relative importance
                 (\%PSIRI) were computed to quantify prey species. The
                 stomach content analysis identified distinct
                 differences in diet between hardhead and gafftopsail
                 catfish. Crustaceans were the most important prey for
                 hardhead catfish, while gafftopsail catfish showed a
                 significantly broader dietary breadth and were
                 primarily piscivorous. Multivariate analyses indicated
                 that the location of capture explained the greatest
                 amount of diet variability for both species. These
                 findings address fundamental knowledge gaps regarding
                 the dietary habits of hardhead and gafftopsail catfish
                 in northern GOM ecosystems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shahraki:2023:DEA,
  author =       "Mojgan Zare Shahraki and Yazdan Keivany and Eisa
                 Ebrahimi Dorche and Karen Blocksom and Andreas Bruder
                 and Joseph Flotemersch and Doru B{\u{a}}n{\u{a}}duc",
  title =        "Distribution and Expansion of Alien Fish Species in
                 the \geoname{Karun River Basin, Iran}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "538",
  day =          "31",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110538",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/538",
  abstract =     "We assessed the distribution of alien fishes in the
                 Karun River Basin, Iran. Fish were collected from 39
                 sites during the November--December 2018 low-flow
                 period. In total, 39 fish species from nine orders and
                 14 families were documented. Among these, 10 species
                 were alien to the basin (986 individuals; 15.7\%). Four
                 species were the most abundant alien species and
                 primarily in impounded, downstream reaches. Redundancy
                 analysis (RDA) was conducted to identify the extent of
                 changes in alien fish assemblages with environmental
                 parameters. RDA1 and RDA2 accounted for 36.24\% and
                 25.33\% of the variation of alien species,
                 respectively. Altitude, depth, electrical conductivity,
                 water temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and
                 river width were the most significant parameters
                 affecting alien species distributions. We present a
                 dual-pathway cause-and-effect hypothesis proposing that
                 alien fish species presence causes declines in the
                 ecological status of native fish communities. We then
                 explore how human-induced aquatic ecosystem degradation
                 creates opportunities for alien species to invade new
                 ecosystems, further impacting native fish communities.
                 Our study contributes insight into the cause and effect
                 of the presence of alien fish species in the Karun
                 River Basin and emphasizes the urgency of conservation
                 measures to protect this critically endangered
                 watershed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xu:2023:RLR,
  author =       "Chang Xu and Yang Liu and Zhaobin Pei",
  title =        "Research on Legal Risk Identification, Causes and
                 Remedies for Prevention and Control in
                 \geoname{China}'s Aquaculture Industry",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "537",
  day =          "29",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110537",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/537",
  abstract =     "Aquatic products fulfill the protein needs of people
                 and play an important role in food safety. And
                 aquaculture is prized for its high productivity,
                 sustainability and environmental friendliness.
                 Considering the importance of aquaculture, the legal
                 risks exposed during the aquaculture process deserve
                 attention in order to prevent them from hindering the
                 development of the aquaculture industry. Through online
                 research, literature analysis and practical
                 communication, it is shown that the current legal risks
                 with commonalities include land use violations, lack of
                 legal documents, failure to meet tailing water
                 criteria, unquarantined fry and misuse of prohibited
                 agricultural pharmaceuticals through online research,
                 literature analysis and practical communication. By
                 analyzing the reasons for the formation of legal risks
                 and combining the experiences in sustainable
                 development of three major aquaculture countries, which
                 are Korea, Norway and Chile, this paper provides
                 targeted preventive remedies and suggestions for
                 aquaculture operators, administrative parties,
                 legislators and other parties on legal risks. It
                 includes promoting the improvement of the rule of law
                 in multiple aspects, clarifying the positioning of the
                 aquatic breeding certificates, improving and
                 propagating the standards for wastewater discharge,
                 increasing the self-sufficiency rate of aquatic fry and
                 fingerlings, as well as making use of the synergy of
                 soft law and hard law.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Boussard:2023:NSS,
  author =       "Annika Boussard and Stephanie Edlund and Stephanie
                 Fong and David Wheatcroft and Niclas Kolm",
  title =        "No Sex-Specific Effects of Artificial Selection for
                 Relative Telencephalon Size during Detour Learning and
                 Spatial Discrimination in Guppies (\bioname{Poecilia
                 reticulata})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "536",
  day =          "26",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110536",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/536",
  abstract =     "Over recent decades, substantial research has focused
                 on fish cognitive evolution to increase our
                 understanding of the evolution of the enormous
                 diversity of cognitive abilities that exists in fishes.
                 One important but understudied aspect of cognitive
                 evolution is sexual dimorphism in cognitive abilities.
                 Sex-specific variation in brain region morphology has
                 been proposed to be an important mechanism in this
                 context. However, it is also common to find
                 sex-specific variation in behavior and cognition
                 without associated differences in brain morphology
                 among the sexes. The telencephalon is the major
                 cognitive center in the vertebrate brain and variation
                 in telencephalon size has been associated with
                 variation in cognition. Here, we utilize recently
                 developed guppy artificial selection lines with ca.
                 10\% differences in relative telencephalon size to
                 investigate whether similar responses to selection of
                 the size of this region may affect cognitive abilities
                 differently in males and females. To that end, we
                 compared two ecologically relevant aspects of
                 cognition, detour learning and binary spatial
                 discrimination. We tested the significance of the
                 interaction between telencephalon size and sex, and we
                 found no sex-specific effects of evolutionary increases
                 in telencephalon size in the cognitive abilities
                 tested. This study indicates that no clear cognitive
                 sex-specific effects occur in response to rapid
                 selection of telencephalon size. We suggest that future
                 research on sexual dimorphism in cognitive abilities in
                 fish could use various cognitive tests and examine
                 telencephalic sub-regions to gain a more comprehensive
                 understanding of their evolution.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liu:2023:EDL,
  author =       "Yongqiang Liu and Enhao Huang and Yi Xie and Liuqing
                 Meng and Dongsheng Liu and Ziqi Zhang and Jiang Zhou
                 and Qin Zhang and Tong Tong",
  title =        "The Effect of Dietary Lipid Supplementation on the
                 Serum Biochemistry, Antioxidant Responses, Initial
                 Immunity, and {mTOR} Pathway of Juvenile Tilapia
                 (\bioname{Oreochromis niloticus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "11",
  pages =        "535",
  day =          "26",
  month =        oct,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8110535",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/11/535",
  abstract =     "The objectives of this study were to investigate the
                 effect of different dietary lipid levels on the serum
                 biochemistry, antioxidant responses, initial immunity,
                 and mTOR pathway of juvenile genetic improvement-farmed
                 tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). Six groups of
                 the juveniles (initial body weight 20.66 {\pm} 1.33 g)
                 in triplicate were fed for 90 days using six
                 iso-nitrogen diets with different lipid levels (0.35\%,
                 3.35\%, 6.35\%, 9.35\%, 12.35\%, and 15.35\%). The main
                 results were as follows: Compared with the control
                 group (0.35\%), the diets with different lipid
                 supplementation significantly improved (p {$<$} 0.05)
                 the contents of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB),
                 globulin (GLB), glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG), total
                 cholesterol (T-CHO), high-density lipoprotein (HDL),
                 low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total antioxidant
                 capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), complement 3
                 (C3), and immunoglobulin M (IgM), the activities of
                 superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase
                 (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), lysozyme (LYZ), and alkaline
                 phosphatase (ALP), the expression level of
                 phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), Akt protein
                 kinase B (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin
                 (mTOR) genes in juvenile tilapia. However, diets with
                 different lipid supplementation significantly reduced
                 (p {$<$} 0.05) the expression level of tumor necrosis
                 factor {\alpha} (TNF-{\alpha}), interleukin-1{\beta}
                 (IL-1{\beta}), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) genes of
                 juvenile tilapia. In conclusion, the with different
                 lipid supplementation could significantly affect the
                 serum biochemistry, antioxidant responses, initial
                 immunity, and mTOR pathway of juvenile tilapia.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yang:2023:CGA,
  author =       "Yuanhao Yang and Yameng Zhang and Fenggang Li and Sien
                 Wen and Lvzhou Wang and Guozhu Lan and Jishu Zhou and
                 Yang Li and Zilin Zhu",
  title =        "Comparative Genomic Analysis Unveils Potential Factors
                 Contributing to the Endangerment of \bioname{Silurus
                 lanzhouensis}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "613",
  day =          "18",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120613",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/613",
  abstract =     "Silurus lanzhouensis is a large endemic fish
                 exclusively found in the middle and upper reaches of
                 China's Yellow River, with a restricted distribution
                 range and a small population size and is listed as an
                 endangered species. To investigate the potential
                 genetic factors contributing to the observed decrease
                 in the population of S. lanzhouensis, we have
                 successfully assembled the first chromosome-level
                 genome of S. lanzhouensis. This genome comprises a
                 total of 30 chromosomes, with a size of 794.43 Mb, and
                 23,093 protein-coding genes. Comparative genomics
                 analysis reveals that the genetic relationship between
                 S. lanzhouensis and S. meridionalis Chen is the
                 closest, and their common ancestor experienced two
                 rounds of whole genome duplication (WGD) before
                 diverging. Notably, amino acid metabolism-related
                 pathways are enriched in the unique S. lanzhouensis
                 gene family. In addition, we observed that the
                 chemokine receptor and scavenger receptor gene families
                 contracted in S. lanzhouensis, which may be associated
                 with its diminished immune response. Our research
                 findings provide valuable insights into the endangered
                 mechanism of S. lanzhouensis and enhance our
                 understanding of the evolution of Siluriformes fish.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Piper:2023:EAI,
  author =       "Adam T. Piper and Paula J. Rosewarne and Charlotte
                 Pike and Rosalind M. Wright",
  title =        "The Eel Ascending: The Influence of Lateral Slope,
                 Climbing Substrate and Flow Rate on Eel Pass
                 Performance",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "612",
  day =          "18",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120612",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/612",
  abstract =     "Optimising the design of passage facilities to restore
                 fluvial connectivity for juvenile European eel
                 (Anguilla anguilla) is a key priority within
                 conservation efforts for the species, across the
                 majority of its freshwater range. Employing an
                 experimental setup that simulated gravity-fed upstream
                 eel passes, this study demonstrated that novel
                 V-profile passes, which incorporate two lateral slopes
                 ({15$^\circ $}), performed better than laterally flat
                 passes over the flow rates tested (0.2--0.6 L s
                 {$-$1}). For the small eel size used (60--80 mm
                 length), the bristle substrate consistently
                 outperformed studs, but the lateral slope had a greater
                 effect on passage metrics than the substrate choice.
                 Our findings strongly support the use of V-shaped
                 channels for upstream migrating eel at fish passage
                 facilities, particularly in scenarios where flow rates
                 may be elevated and/or fluctuating, such as for
                 gravity-fed passes.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Peele:2023:EIT,
  author =       "Emily E. Peele and Charlie Huveneers and Culum Brown
                 and Connor R. Gervais and Kara E. Yopak",
  title =        "Effects of Increased Temperature on Brain and Sensory
                 Development in the \geoname{Port Jackson} Shark
                 (\bioname{Heterodontus portusjacksoni})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "611",
  day =          "17",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120611",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/611",
  abstract =     "Morphological differences in the peripheral (sensory)
                 and central (brain) nervous system may confer sensory
                 and/or behavioral variation in elasmobranchs, both
                 across taxa and throughout ontogeny. Over the last
                 century, sea surface temperatures have increased over
                 0.5 {$^\circ $}C and are predicted to rise 1--4
                 {$^\circ $}C by the year 2100, potentially affecting
                 species' physiological performance negatively. As the
                 nervous system of fishes grows continually throughout
                 their lives, it may be highly plastic in response to
                 environmental changes. This study examined the effects
                 of increased rearing temperature on nervous system
                 development in Port Jackson sharks (Heterodontus
                 portusjacksoni). Egg cases (n = 21) were collected from
                 Gulf St. Vincent (Adelaide, SA) and placed into either
                 ambient (17.6 {$^\circ $}C) or 3 {$^\circ $}C above
                 ambient seawater conditions through hatching and reared
                 for up to five months post-hatch. Relative volumes of
                 the eyes and nose (olfactory rosette) were quantified
                 using magnetic resonance imaging, and relative brain
                 size and size of major brain regions were compared
                 between the two treatment groups. The size of the
                 olfactory bulbs and tegmentum varied significantly
                 between the treatment groups, which suggest differences
                 in primary, secondary, or tertiary sensory processing
                 and/or motor functions at elevated temperatures. While
                 studies on acute responses to environmental conditions
                 cannot inform true adaptation across broad timescales,
                 understanding the effects of increased temperature on
                 the brain phenotype can aid in predicting how
                 elasmobranchs may fare in response to changing ocean
                 conditions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Huang:2023:BAH,
  author =       "Po-Lin Huang and Farok Afero and Yao Chang and Bo-Ying
                 Chen and Hsun-Yu Lan and Yen-Lung Hou and Cheng-Ting
                 Huang",
  title =        "The Bioeconomic Analysis of Hybrid Giant Grouper
                 (\bioname{Epinephelus fuscoguttatus} $ \times $
                 \bioname{Epinephelus lanceolatus}) and Green Grouper
                 (\bioname{Epinephelus malabaricus}): a Case Study in
                 \geoname{Taiwan}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "610",
  day =          "17",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120610",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/610",
  abstract =     "Grouper aquaculture is a rapidly growing and dynamic
                 industry within the Taiwan aquaculture sector that
                 serves as an important source of income generation.
                 Farming fishes at a better location (FFABL) is a
                 promising production strategy. This study evaluated the
                 production and economic performance of grouper farming
                 in Taiwan. This investigation employed two steps: (1) a
                 cost--benefit analysis to determine the main component
                 affecting profitability; and (2) multivariate
                 statistics to clarify the relationship between
                 biological and economic factors. The findings suggest
                 that the best choice of species is hybrid giant grouper
                 that generates and highlights a positive income, viable
                 benefit--cost ratio and profit rate. The study found
                 the feed management of hybrid giant groupers requires
                 more consideration due to its low feed conversion
                 ratio. The producers need to replace trash fish in
                 commercial feed during the production cycle to ensure
                 better feed management. Finally, this paper argues that
                 feed is the main constraint for grouper farming, which
                 is sensitive to any change in feed productivity, and
                 this constraint must be solved to sustain the grouper
                 industry in Taiwan.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jensen:2023:ITF,
  author =       "Lasse Lange Jensen and Thomas Bj{\o}rn and Andreas
                 Hein Korsgaard and Cino Pertoldi and Niels Madsen",
  title =        "Influence of Turbidity on Foraging Behaviour in
                 Three-Spined Sticklebacks (\bioname{Gasterosteus
                 aculeatus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "609",
  day =          "16",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120609",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/609",
  abstract =     "Anthropogenic activities increase turbidity in coastal
                 marine environments globally, and turbidity is
                 particularly caused by eutrophication. Turbidity is a
                 measurement of the scattering and absorption of light
                 by suspended matter in water. An increase in turbidity
                 influences visual predators and affects community
                 structures and whole ecosystems. The three-spined
                 stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a widespread
                 species in the northern hemispheric Pacific and
                 Atlantic oceans. It is a visual predator and,
                 therefore, a very well-suited species for studying the
                 effects of increasing turbidity on foraging behaviour
                 and activity. Sticklebacks used for this study were
                 from an aquarium in the North Sea Oceanarium. They have
                 been in the aquarium for around two months and were
                 originally collected in a highly eutrophicated marine
                 fjord system. They were individually placed in an
                 observation aquarium, fed with krill, given 10 min to
                 forage, and observed by video cameras. The video films
                 were analysed to study stickleback predation behaviour.
                 Experiments were repeated with four different turbidity
                 treatments, ranging from a mean of 0.034 up to 10 NTU
                 (nephelometric turbidity unit). Bentonite clay was used
                 as a turbidity-increasing substance. A statistically
                 significant difference in foraging behaviour and
                 activity between the turbidity treatments was observed.
                 The test subjects were found to lunge less for prey and
                 had a higher feeding latency with increasing turbidity.
                 Additionally, they were less active with increasing
                 turbidity. The behavioural instability estimated as a
                 variation in feeding latency increased with increasing
                 turbidity but decreased at the highest turbidity value.
                 Our study indicates an effect of turbidity-increasing
                 events on the behaviour of the three-spined stickleback
                 and potentially also other similar visual predators.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cai:2023:ERL,
  author =       "Xin Cai and Yaxing Zhang and Bin Wang and Aijun Cui
                 and Yan Jiang and Zhaojun Meng and Yuting Li and
                 Yongjiang Xu",
  title =        "Effects of Recombinant Leptin Proteins on the
                 Expression of Key Genes in the {HPG} Axis and Liver of
                 Tongue Sole In Vitro",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "608",
  day =          "16",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120608",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/608",
  abstract =     "Leptin (Lep) plays a crucial role in controlling food
                 intake and maintaining energy balance in mammals. While
                 several studies have shown the presence of multiple
                 leptin genes in teleosts, limited information is
                 currently available on how sex steroid hormones
                 regulate the expression of these genes in fish. In this
                 study, we used two previously expressed and purified
                 leptin proteins to incubate four tissues in vitro
                 (hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and liver) and
                 used the RT-qPCR method to detect the expression of
                 genes related to growth and reproduction in tongue sole
                 (Cynoglossus semilaevis). The results showed that both
                 recombinant LepA and LepB proteins of tongue sole
                 almost entirely suppressed the expression of genes
                 related to growth and reproduction in the
                 hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and liver, while
                 LepB may have had a positive role on steroid synthesis
                 in gonads. Further, a high concentration of LepA
                 facilitated the expression of IGF-{\Iota} in liver. At
                 the same time, we utilized human leptin to incubate
                 four tissues in vitro; although most of them had trends
                 similar to those stimulated with tongue sole leptins,
                 there were still some differences, indicating
                 differences among leptin homologs between humans and
                 fishes. To our knowledge, this is the first study to
                 explore the function of tongue sole LepA and LepB
                 within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and
                 liver in vitro. Our results provide a valuable resource
                 and foundation for future studies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Hasan:2023:CIM,
  author =       "Imam Hasan and Francesco Gai and Simona Cirrincione
                 and Simona Rimoldi and Giulio Saroglia and Genciana
                 Terova",
  title =        "Chitinase and Insect Meal in Aquaculture Nutrition: a
                 Comprehensive Overview of the Latest Achievements",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "607",
  day =          "14",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120607",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/607",
  abstract =     "The aquaculture industry is looking for sustainable
                 alternatives to conventional fish meals in fish feed,
                 and insect-based meals are proving to be a promising
                 solution. These meals are nutritionally optimal as they
                 have a high protein content and an ideal amino acid
                 profile. However, the presence of chitin, a component
                 of the insect exoskeleton in these meals presents both
                 an opportunity and a challenge. Chitosan, a derivative
                 of chitin, is known to improve the physiological
                 functions of fish, including growth, immunity, and
                 disease resistance. While chitin and its derivative
                 chitosan offer several physiological benefits, their
                 presence can affect the digestibility of feed in some
                 fish species, making the inclusion of insect-based
                 meals in aquafeeds complex. While studies suggest
                 positive effects, some problems, such as reduced growth
                 rates in certain species, emphasize the need for
                 further research on chitin digestion in fish.
                 Chitinase, an enzyme that breaks down chitin, is being
                 investigated as a potential solution to improve the
                 nutritional value of insect meals in aquafeed. This
                 review provides a comprehensive analysis of the
                 applications, benefits, and challenges of using
                 chitinase in aquaculture, highlighting the enzyme's
                 role in improving feed digestibility, disease control,
                 and environmental sustainability. Extensive research is
                 required to fully understand the potential of chitinase
                 enzymes in aquaculture and to optimize their
                 applications in this dynamic field. Overall, this
                 review provides insight into the evolving landscape of
                 insect-based meals and the applications of chitinase
                 enzymes within sustainable aquaculture practices.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shi:2023:EPT,
  author =       "Yongchuang Shi and Haibin Han and Fenghua Tang and
                 Shengmao Zhang and Wei Fan and Heng Zhang and Zuli Wu",
  title =        "Evaluation Performance of Three Standardization Models
                 to Estimate Catch-per-Unit-Effort: a Case Study on
                 \geoname{Pacific} Sardine (\bioname{Sardinops sagax})
                 in the \geoname{Northwest Pacific Ocean}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "606",
  day =          "11",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120606",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/606",
  abstract =     "Catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) standardization in
                 fisheries is a critical foundation for conducting stock
                 assessment and fishery conservation. The Pacific
                 sardine (Sardinops sagax) is one of the economically
                 important fish species in the Northwest Pacific Ocean
                 (NPO). Hence, the importance of choosing an appropriate
                 CPUE standardization model cannot be overstated when it
                 comes to achieving a precise relative abundance index
                 for the efficient management of Pacific sardine
                 fishery. This study's main aim was to assess and
                 compare the efficacy of three models, specifically the
                 General Linear Model (GLM), the Generalized Linear
                 Mixed Model (GLMM), and the spatio-temporal GLMM
                 (VAST), in the CPUE standardization for Pacific sardine
                 fishery in the NPO, with the ultimate goal of
                 identifying the most appropriate model. An influence
                 analysis was applied to analyze the impact of
                 individual variables on the disparity among
                 standardized and nominal CPUE, and the main explanatory
                 variables influencing standardized CPUE were
                 identified. A coefficient--distribution--influence
                 (CDI) plot was generated to analyze the impact of the
                 different models on the annual standardized CPUE.
                 Additionally, a simulation testing framework was
                 developed to evaluate the estimated accuracy of the
                 three models. The results indicated that the
                 standardized CPUE and the nominal CPUE exhibited
                 similar trends between 2014 and 2021 for the three
                 models. Compared to the GLM and the GLMM, the VAST
                 demonstrates larger conditional R 2 and smaller
                 conditional AIC, indicating a better performance in
                 standardizing the CPUE for Pacific sardines due to its
                 consideration of spatial and temporal variations. The
                 interaction terms within the three models exert
                 significant influences on the annual standardized CPUE,
                 necessitating their inclusion in the model
                 construction. CDI plots indicate that the
                 spatio-temporal influence of the VAST model exhibits a
                 smaller variation trend, suggesting that the VAST is
                 more robust when standardizing the CPUE for Pacific
                 sardines. Simulation testing additionally demonstrated
                 that the VAST model displays smaller model root mean
                 squared error (RMSE) and bias, establishing it as the
                 superior performer for standardizing CPUE. Our results
                 provide a theoretical basis for the scientific
                 management of Pacific sardines in the NPO and can be
                 extended to CPUE standardization for other small
                 pelagic fish species worldwide.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Nunes:2023:BSF,
  author =       "Alberto J. P. Nunes and Hiroshi Yamamoto and Jo{\~a}o
                 Paulo Sim{\~o}es and Jo{\~a}o Luiz Pisa and Nelson
                 Miyamoto and Jordana Sampaio Leite",
  title =        "The Black Soldier Fly (\bioname{Hermetia illucens})
                 Larvae Meal Can Cost-Effectively Replace Fish Meal in
                 Practical Nursery Diets for Post-Larval
                 \bioname{Penaeus vannamei} under High-Density Culture",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "605",
  day =          "10",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120605",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/605",
  abstract =     "The black soldier larvae meal (BSFLM) has been the
                 most extensively studied insect protein source in
                 shrimp nutrition. However, both the availability and
                 prices of BSFLM are still a constraint for its
                 widespread use as an ingredient in animal feeds. The
                 present study investigated the growth and economic
                 performance of post-larval (PL) P. vannamei fed nursery
                 diets with a progressive replacement of fish meal (FML)
                 for BSFLM at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100\%. These
                 replacements corresponded to a dietary inclusion (\% of
                 the diet, as-is) of FML and BSFLM of 16.50 and 6.33\%,
                 11.00 and 13.04\%, 5.50 and 19.74\%, and 0 and 26.46\%,
                 respectively. A total of 102,647 shrimp at the age of
                 PL15 with 2.7 {\pm} 0.2 mg body weight (BW) were
                 stocked in fifty 1.5 m 3 tanks under 1369 PLs/m 3 (2053
                 {\pm} 33 PLs/tank) and reared for 42 days. Final shrimp
                 survival (90.5 {\pm} 7.6\%), daily weight gain (14.7
                 {\pm} 1.1 mg/day), and apparent feed intake (0.67 {\pm}
                 0.03 g of feed per stocked shrimp) were unaffected by
                 dietary treatment. The highest gained yield (791 {\pm}
                 52 and 776 {\pm} 38 g/m 3) and final BW (621 {\pm} 7.2
                 and 632 {\pm} 7.2 mg) were attained when FML was
                 replaced for BSFLM at 50 and 75\% with the lowest at
                 0\% (726 {\pm} 34 g/m 3 and 598 {\pm} 8.1 mg,
                 respectively). Shrimp fed diets with 0 and 100\%
                 replacement of FML exhibited the highest feed
                 conversion ratio (1.25 {\pm} 0.04 and 1.24 {\pm} 0.08)
                 compared to those fed a diet with 50\% (1.16 {\pm}
                 0.06). At a price of USD 2.00/kg, BSFLM demonstrated a
                 favorable ROI (return of investment) when compared to
                 FML, irrespective of the replacement level. With 25 and
                 50\% replacement, BSFLM remained cost-competitive up to
                 3.50 USD/kg. At 75\% FML replacement, there were no
                 significant differences in ROI with a price range of
                 2.00 up to 3.04 USD/kg. At full replacement, ROI
                 dropped significantly at a BSFLM price of 2.50 USD/kg
                 and beyond. It can be concluded that FML can be fully
                 replaced for BSFLM in well-balanced nursery diets for
                 P. vannamei. Although the full replacement of FML for
                 BSFLM was successfully accomplished, the competitive
                 ROI was sustained only when the price of BSFLM did not
                 exceed 3.04 USD/kg at its dietary highest inclusion of
                 19.74\%. Further research may be necessary to fine-tune
                 cost-effective inclusion levels of BSFLM to optimize
                 the economic outcomes while considering the fluctuating
                 prices of FML.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Shi:2023:EAG,
  author =       "Xuehui Shi and Xinyi Tang and Yichao Zhang and Wenqi
                 Wang and Siyong Qin and Qinghua Liu and Jie Mei",
  title =        "The Early Allometric Growth and Osteological Ontogeny
                 of Pot-Bellied Seahorse (\bioname{Hippocampus
                 abdominalis}, {L.} 1827) under Mass-Scale Captive
                 Breeding Conditions in \geoname{North China}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "604",
  day =          "08",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120604",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/604",
  abstract =     "Seahorses are valuable species for their use in
                 traditional Chinese medicine, as well as for the
                 aquarium trade as ornamentals and curiosities. To
                 balance market demand and reduce pressure on wild
                 populations, many countries have undertaken commercial
                 seahorse cultivation. Skeletal development plays a
                 crucial role in fish fry culture, affecting external
                 morphology, feeding, and movement. This study
                 investigated the ontogeny allometry, timing, and
                 progression of skeletal development in H. abdominalis
                 from DAB (day after birth) 1 to DAB 100 under
                 mass-scale captive breeding conditions in north China.
                 The results of this study revealed the growth rate was
                 significantly increased between DAB 30 and DAB 54.
                 Allometry analysis revealed that in the early stage,
                 the head, trunk, and tail demonstrated almost isometric
                 growth. However, in the later stage, the head and trunk
                 exhibited negative isometric growth, whereas the tail
                 displayed positive isometric growth. Skeletal staining
                 results showed that newborn seahorses do not have
                 ossified bones until DAB 11 (SL 28.14 {\pm} 2.94 mm).
                 Ossification was primarily observed in the jaw region
                 and the tubular nasal structure of the cranium, which
                 indicated the importance of the early development of
                 feeding organs. The initial formation of ossified
                 vertebral columns was observed at DAB 13 (SL 26.48
                 {\pm} 0.63 mm), with the complete ossification of all
                 vertebrae occurring by DAB 45 (SL 54.87 {\pm} 4.70 mm).
                 Furthermore, the cranium, rings, and plates were all
                 fully ossified by DAB 30. Ossification of the fins
                 began at DAB 23 (SL 31.27 {\pm} 4.05 mm). However,
                 neither of them were fully ossified by DAB 100. The
                 pelvic fin and the complete structure of the caudal fin
                 were not observed, possibly because of caudal fin ray
                 structure degeneration within the pouch. In addition,
                 no skeletal deformities were observed in all the tested
                 samples. The results of this study provide valuable
                 information on the developmental biology of H.
                 abdominalis, enriching our understanding of their
                 growth and offering insights for optimizing fish fry
                 breeding technologies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Li:2023:EVF,
  author =       "Jiayang Li and Yu Guo and Xinye Zhao and Shengjie Zhou
                 and Zhenhua Ma and Gang Yu and Chuanxin Qin and
                 Xingqiang Wang",
  title =        "The Effects of Vibration Frequency on Oxidative
                 Stress, Digestive Enzymes and {ATPases} of Crimson
                 Snapper (\bioname{Lutjanus erythropterus}) Fry during
                 Transport",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "603",
  day =          "08",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120603",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/603",
  abstract =     "In this study, we sought to characterize the effect of
                 water vibration frequency stress on crimson snapper
                 (Lutjanus erythropterus) survival to determine an
                 optimal transportation speed. To achieve this, we used
                 a transport tank (25 cm $ \times $ 17 cm $ \times $ 16
                 cm) to simulate the transport process. After 8 h at
                 five different vibration frequencies (D1 = 75 rpm, D2 =
                 105 rpm, D3 = 135 rpm, D4 = 165 rpm, and D5 = 195 rpm),
                 the pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in the tanks
                 decreased; ammonia nitrogen levels (NH 4 -N) and
                 temperature (T) increased with increasing density; and
                 significant changes in oxidative stress biomarkers,
                 digestive enzymes, and ATPase levels were observed in
                 crimson snapper fry. The enzyme activity increased and
                 reached the maximum value at 195 rpm. The experimental
                 results suggested that during the actual transport,
                 when using transport tanks, the length of the transport
                 time was less than 8 h, and setting the vibration
                 frequency for transportation at 135 rpm was more
                 appropriate, that is, a speed of 50 km/h for
                 transporting crimson snapper fry.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Vaihola:2023:EFD,
  author =       "Siosaia Vaihola and Stuart Kininmonth",
  title =        "Environmental Factors Determine Tuna Fishing Vessels'
                 Behavior in \geoname{Tonga}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "602",
  day =          "07",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120602",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/602",
  abstract =     "Comprehending the spatial distribution of human
                 fishing endeavors holds significant importance in the
                 context of monitoring fishery resources and
                 implementing spatial management measures. To gain
                 insights into the spatial arrangement of tuna longline
                 activities within the exclusive economic zones of Tonga
                 and their correlation with the marine environment, this
                 study utilizes data from the Tonga Tuna Longline
                 Fisheries spanning from 2002 to 2018. The data are
                 employed to extract information about the spatial
                 distribution of fishing efforts and coupled with 15
                 marine environmental variables covering both sea
                 surface and subsurface conditions. This study employs
                 boosted regression trees (BRT) and general additive
                 models (GAM) to establish the non-linear relationships
                 between the distribution of fishing effort and marine
                 environmental factors. Furthermore, it examines and
                 analyzes the ecological niche occupied by tuna longline
                 vessels in high-sea environments. The outcomes of the
                 factor analysis indicate that the most important
                 factors influencing the fishing efforts of tuna
                 longliners are the dissolved oxygen content at the sea
                 surface and latitude. These two factors contribute
                 significantly, accounting for 19.06\% and 18.62\% of
                 the fishing efforts of vessels, respectively, followed
                 by distance to ports, longitude, and dissolved oxygen
                 at 100 m depth, contributing 10.77\%, 7.07\%, and
                 6.30\%, respectively. The sea surface chlorophyll,
                 ocean current at 100 m depth, and mixed layer depth
                 contributed the least, 3.63\%, 2.13\%, and 1.72,
                 respectively. In terms of space and time, tuna
                 longliners are more likely to operate in the
                 18--{22$^\circ $} S latitudinal and 172--{178$^\circ $}
                 W longitudinal region, and fishing efforts increased in
                 the months from March to August. The spatial
                 distribution of the fishing efforts modeled for fishing
                 vessels in 2018 is predicted to have good spatial
                 distribution with the actual fishing efforts of these
                 vessels. This research aids in comprehending the
                 environmental impacts resulting from shifts in the
                 spatial distribution of tuna longline vessels, offering
                 valuable insights for the effective management of tuna
                 longline fisheries in Tonga.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xu:2023:CXA,
  author =       "Qian Xu and Zheng Yang and Siyu Chen and Wenjuan Zhu
                 and Siyuan Xiao and Jing Liu and Hongquan Wang and
                 Shile Lan",
  title =        "Correction: {Xu et al. Effects of Replacing Dietary
                 Fish Meal by Soybean Meal Co-Fermented Using
                 \bioname{Bacillus subtilis} and \bioname{Enterococcus
                 faecium} on Serum Antioxidant Indices and Gut
                 Microbiota of Crucian Carp \bioname{Carassius auratus}.
                 {{\booktitle{Fishes}}} 2022, {\bf 7}, 54}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "601",
  day =          "07",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120601",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  note =         "See \cite{Xu:2022:ERD}.",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/601",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cohen-Sanchez:2023:IOS,
  author =       "Amanda Cohen-S{\'a}nchez and Antoni Gabriel
                 S{\'a}nchez-Mairata and Jos{\'e} Mar{\'\i}a Valencia
                 and Antonio Box and Samuel Pinya and Silvia Tejada and
                 Antoni Sureda",
  title =        "Immune and Oxidative Stress Response of the Fish
                 \bioname{Xyrichthys novacula} Infected with the
                 Trematode \bioname{Ectoparasite scaphanocephalus} sp.
                 in the \geoname{Balearic Islands}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "600",
  day =          "06",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120600",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/600",
  abstract =     "Global change produces substantial modification to the
                 distribution and rhythm of infection of diseases in
                 fish, favouring the introduction of new pathogens.
                 Recently, the presence of black spot disease,
                 associated with a digenean fluke of the genus
                 Scaphanocephalus, has been observed in specimens of
                 Xyrichthys novacula on the island of Ibiza (Balearic
                 Islands). The aim of the present study was to evaluate
                 the antioxidant and immune response in both the skin
                 mucus and spleen of X. novacula depending on the degree
                 of infection by Scaphanocephalus sp. The specimens were
                 captured in a control area, without the presence of the
                 parasite, and in an affected area, classifying the fish
                 as low infection (1--15 spots) and high infection
                 ({$>$15} spots). As the degree of infection increased,
                 a decrease in the body condition index was observed.
                 The activity of the antioxidant enzymes in the
                 mucus---catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione
                 peroxidase---increased progressively with the degree of
                 infection. This activation of antioxidant defences was
                 not enough to prevent an increase in malondialdehyde
                 levels, an indicator of oxidative damage, in the group
                 with the highest infection. Similarly, an increase in
                 immunological parameters---lysozyme, alkaline
                 phosphatase, myeloperoxidase and immunoglobulins---was
                 observed in mucus as infection increased. Regarding the
                 spleen, only an increase in lysozyme activity and
                 alkaline phosphatase in fish with a greater severity of
                 infection was observed. In conclusion, as the severity
                 of Scaphanocephalus sp. infection increased, it induced
                 an immune and oxidative stress response in skin mucus,
                 leading to a decrease in overall body condition. The
                 potential health effects that the ectoparasite may have
                 on X. novacula populations will require follow-up
                 studies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Johnston:2023:SDB,
  author =       "Samuel J. Johnston and Jason B. Smith and Brady D.
                 Slater and Jonathan P. Doubek",
  title =        "Spatial Density, Biomass, and Composition of
                 Crustacean Zooplankton on \geoname{Lake Michigan}
                 Beaches",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "599",
  day =          "06",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120599",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/599",
  abstract =     "Ecosystem alterations to Lake Michigan (LM), such as
                 the invasion of dreissenid mussels, have decreased the
                 abundance of phytoplankton and, subsequently,
                 zooplankton, which has implications for Great Lake
                 fisheries. The community composition of zooplankton has
                 also been altered over the past 20 years in LM,
                 shifting the summer dominance from cladoceran to
                 calanoid taxa. However, most of our information on
                 zooplankton community dynamics is from deeper pelagic
                 zones. The nearshore beach ({\leq}1 m) habitat, which
                 serves as a critical nursery for some larvae and
                 juvenile fish, is composed of different zooplankton
                 taxa than deeper zones, but limited data are available
                 for comparison. We conducted a standardized summer
                 sampling campaign to characterize the zooplankton
                 community across 32 beaches in LM. We found the lowest
                 crustacean zooplankton density and biomass on northern
                 LM beaches and a higher zooplankton density and biomass
                 on Greater Green Bay and central LM beaches, which had
                 warmer water temperatures. Smaller-bodied cladocera
                 (mainly Bosmina) and cyclopoid taxa were the most
                 abundant groups on beaches. Our results provide the
                 first comprehensive characterization of zooplankton on
                 beaches in the Great Lakes, with applications for other
                 lake systems. These results may help identify potential
                 ``hot spots'' of fish recruitment for management.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Yang:2023:EUP,
  author =       "Yingming Yang and Wenlong Li and Run Wang and Dan Xu
                 and Yadong Chen and Zhongkai Cui and Songlin Chen",
  title =        "Effects of \bioname{Ulva prolifera} Degradation on
                 Growth Performance and Antioxidant Capacity of
                 \geoname{Japanese} Flounder (\bioname{Paralichthys
                 olivaceus}) Family",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "598",
  day =          "05",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120598",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/598",
  abstract =     "Massive macroalgae blooms, primarily caused by the
                 overgrowth of Ulva prolifera (U. prolifera) in the
                 Yellow Sea of China, pose a severe risk to both marine
                 organisms and the aquaculture industry. This study's
                 aim was to evaluate the impact of U. prolifera
                 degradation on the growth performance and antioxidant
                 capacity of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)
                 and select some potential Japanese flounder families
                 (labeled 2101--2108, established by crossbreeding)
                 tolerating U. prolifera degradation conditions. Thus, a
                 60-day U. prolifera exposure experiment was conducted.
                 The results showed that the contents of Na, K, Mg, and
                 Fe elements in the U. prolifera degradation water were
                 significantly increased. The specific growth rate and
                 survival rate of flounder were significantly decreased
                 under the U. prolifera degradation condition, while the
                 2101 and 2103 flounder families showed a better growth
                 performance compared with the positive control (PC)
                 group. Moreover, the results showed that activities of
                 total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), transaminases, and
                 alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in serum were significantly
                 decreased, while the 2103 flounder family showed higher
                 activities. Furthermore, U. prolifera degradation
                 significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD)
                 activity and glutathione (GSH) content while decreasing
                 catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA)
                 content in the liver. Specifically, SOD and CAT
                 activities of the 2103 flounder family were higher than
                 the 2101 flounder family and PC group. In addition, the
                 gill SOD and CAT activities of the 2103 flounder family
                 were significantly higher than the PC group. Similarly,
                 the antioxidant-related gene (sod and cat) expressions
                 were synchronously upregulated or downregulated in the
                 liver and gills in response to U. prolifera
                 degradation. These results revealed that U. prolifera
                 degradation decreased the growth performance and
                 influenced the antioxidant capacity of Japanese
                 flounder, while the 2103 flounder family had better
                 advantages in the U. prolifera degradation condition.
                 Therefore, the 2103 flounder family could be regarded
                 as the potential flounder family tolerating U.
                 prolifera degradation. The increased Fe content in the
                 U. prolifera degradation water may be one of the main
                 causes of the physiological alterations observed in
                 Japanese flounder.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Chen:2023:ICS,
  author =       "Zhongyuan Chen and Ronghua Wang and Ruisong Wang and
                 Naitong Yu and Pinhong Yang",
  title =        "Identification and Characterization of the Stimulator
                 of Interferon Genes ({STING}) in \geoname{Chinese}
                 Giant Salamander \bioname{Andrias davidianus}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "597",
  day =          "04",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120597",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/597",
  abstract =     "The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a
                 central and multifaceted mediator in innate immunity,
                 and plays vital roles in defending against pathogen
                 infection. In this study, we identified and
                 functionally characterized the STING homolog from the
                 Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus (AdSTING)
                 for the first time. The open reading frame of AdSTING
                 encodes a 362 amino acid protein with a predicted
                 molecular mass of 41.6 kDa, which shares 31.1--46.7\%
                 of its sequence identity with STING homologs in other
                 vertebrates. Structural analysis revealed that AdSTING
                 possesses four predicted transmembrane domains (TMs) at
                 the N-terminal, and a C-terminal domain (CTD) featuring
                 a dimerization domain (DD), a c-di-GMP-binding domain
                 (CBD), and a short C-terminal tail (CTT). Tissue
                 distribution analysis showed that AdSTING mRNA was
                 ubiquitously expressed in all examined tissues, with
                 abundant expression in muscles, intestine, and thymus.
                 During Andrias davidianus ranavirus (ADRV) infection,
                 significant up-regulation of AdSTING expression was
                 observed in the thymus, spleen, and kidney. Upon
                 different stimuli in vitro, the expression of AdSTING
                 was significantly induced by ADRV infection or
                 polyinosin-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) stimulation,
                 but no obvious changes were observed during
                 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Subcellular
                 localization analysis revealed that AdSTING mainly
                 localized in the cytoplasm in the Chinese giant
                 salamander thymus cell line (GSTC) and co-localized
                 with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Luciferase
                 reporter assays confirmed the ability of AdSTING to
                 activate the interferon-stimulated response element
                 (ISRE) and interferon (IFN) promoter. Furthermore,
                 overexpression of AdSTING effectively decreased ADRV
                 infection, as evidenced by the reduction of virus
                 titers and viral gene expression. Collectively, our
                 findings underscore the pivotal role of AdSTING in the
                 antiviral innate immunity of the Chinese giant
                 salamander, offering insights into the functional
                 evolution of STING in amphibians.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Schakmann:2023:IBS,
  author =       "Mathias Schakmann and Emil Aputsiaq Flindt Christensen
                 and John Fleng Steffensen and Morten Bo S{\o}ndergaard
                 Svendsen",
  title =        "The Influence of Body Size on Behavioral Thermal
                 Preference in \geoname{Atlantic} Cod (\bioname{Gadus
                 morhua}): Larger Fish Favor Colder Waters",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "596",
  day =          "02",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120596",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/596",
  abstract =     "In the context of global warming and the concurrent
                 decrease in ectothermic fish body size, the mechanisms
                 driving this phenomenon remain a subject of scientific
                 debate. This study, utilizing the Atlantic cod (Gadus
                 morhua) as a model organism, delves into the behavioral
                 size-dependent temperature preference in the context of
                 climate change. A significant negative correlation
                 between temperature preference and fish size was
                 discovered, aligning with in situ habitat temperatures
                 and optimal physiological performance metrics from
                 other studies. This correlation suggests that larger
                 fish exhibit a behavioral preference for colder areas,
                 potentially leading to shifts in distribution toward
                 polar regions or deeper waters in response to local
                 global warming. The findings contribute to predictions
                 of species distribution shifts, emphasizing the
                 critical role of size-dependent temperature preference
                 in shaping fish populations and offering valuable
                 insights for conservation efforts. Additionally, the
                 study uncovers a noteworthy relationship between body
                 size and thermal safety margins in fish behavior,
                 providing a novel avenue for future research into the
                 intricate dynamics of thermal regulation in response to
                 climate change. Overall, this research enhances our
                 understanding of the complex interplay between
                 temperature, fish size, and ecological responses,
                 offering crucial information for informed conservation
                 and management strategies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Wang:2023:ESP,
  author =       "Wenqian Wang and Shengyan Su and Ping Dong and Wenrong
                 Feng and Jianlin Li and Chengfeng Zhang and Yongkai
                 Tang",
  title =        "Effects of Seasonal Photoperiod on Growth, Lipid
                 Metabolism, and Antioxidant Response in the {Huanghe}
                 Carp (\bioname{Cyprinus carpio haematopterus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "595",
  day =          "01",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120595",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/595",
  abstract =     "Photoperiod is one of the most important environmental
                 cues for organisms, and it plays a crucial role in
                 regulating feeding, behavior, growth, and metabolism.
                 However, seasonal photoperiods are often overlooked in
                 carp culture or experiments, with a poorly understood
                 effect on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in
                 fish. To explore the effects of seasonal photoperiods,
                 we exposed Huanghe carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)
                 to summer photoperiod (14 h light:10 h dark) and winter
                 photoperiod (10 h light:14 h dark) daylight conditions
                 in an eight-week experiment. Our results suggested that
                 the winter photoperiod significantly increased the
                 liver TG level as well as the transcript levels of
                 genes related to lipid synthesis, indicating that the
                 lipid metabolism in Huanghe carp liver was enhanced
                 compared to summer photoperiod conditions, and that
                 lipid deposition may be responsible for the increase in
                 body weight level and hepatosomatic index.
                 Additionally, MDA, GSH, GSH-PX, and T-AOC levels were
                 significantly elevated in the liver of fish under the
                 winter photoperiod, suggesting that Huanghe carp
                 responded to winter photoperiod exposure-induced
                 oxidative stress in the liver by enhancing the
                 antioxidant response. Based on transcriptome analysis,
                 the winter photoperiod activated hepatic autophagy
                 response and the FOXO signaling pathway in Huanghe
                 carp. Combined with the correlation analysis, the
                 Huanghe carp maintains the physiological health of the
                 liver by activating the FOXO signaling pathway-mediated
                 cell cycle regulation and autophagy response in
                 response to oxidative stress during winter photoperiod
                 exposure. Our study provides the first evidence for the
                 physiological regulation of the liver in Huanghe carp
                 under seasonal photoperiod stimulation.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xu:2023:EAM,
  author =       "Jing Xu and Gangfu Chen and Min Wu and Qihui Yang and
                 Huatao Li",
  title =        "The Extract of \bioname{Astragalus membranaceus}
                 Inhibits Lipid Oxidation in Fish Feed and Enhances
                 Growth Performance and Antioxidant Capacity in {Jian}
                 Carp (\bioname{Cyprinus carpio {\rm var.} Jian})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "594",
  day =          "01",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120594",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/594",
  abstract =     "In this study, a linoleic and linolenic acid were
                 incubated with petroleum ether extract, ethyl acetate
                 extract, acetone extract (AE) and aqueous extract of
                 Astragalus membranaceus. The phenolic content and total
                 antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were determined in the
                 extracts of Astragalus membranaceus (EAms) above.
                 Results showed that EAms decreased the levels of
                 malonaldehyde, conjugated diene, and peroxide value
                 levels in material above. Of all of EAms, AE showed the
                 strongest T-AOC and inhibitory effect on the lipid
                 oxidation. Next, fish feeds were incubated with graded
                 levels of AE. The results showed that AE inhibited
                 lipid oxidation in fish feed. The appropriate dosage
                 for reducing lipid oxidation was 6.74 g AE kg {$-$1}
                 feeds. The effect of EAms on the lipid oxidation may be
                 closely associated with their phenolic content. Then,
                 juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian, 10.2
                 {\pm} 0.3 g) were fed with diets containing graded
                 levels of AE (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, and
                 7.0 g kg {$-$1}) for 60 days. Current data displayed
                 that dietary AE increased the growth performance of
                 fish. The optimum dosage for growth promotion was 5.15
                 g AE kg {$-$1} diet. This result of AE may be ascribed
                 to its enhancing effect on the activity of digestive
                 and absorptive enzymes and antioxidant capacity in
                 digestive organs of fish. Our present study indicated
                 that EAm holds promise as a natural antioxidant for
                 fish and their feed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cao:2023:BTA,
  author =       "Zhichen Cao and Denghua Yin and Zhanwei Li and Yan Yan
                 and Peng Zhang and Sigang Zhang and Danqing Lin and
                 Zhong Hua and Jialu Zhang and Congping Ying and Han
                 Zhang and Pao Xu and Guixin Dong and Kai Liu",
  title =        "Blood Transcriptome Analysis Provides Responsive
                 Changes in Gene Expression between Ex Situ and Captive
                 \geoname{Yangtze} Finless Porpoises
                 (\bioname{Neophocaena asiaeorientalis
                 asiaeorientalis})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "593",
  day =          "30",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120593",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/593",
  abstract =     "The Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena
                 asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis, YFP) is an endangered
                 species endemic to the Yangtze River in China, and it
                 is the only freshwater whale in the genus Neophocaena.
                 In terms of protection, three effective conservation
                 strategies exist: in situ conservation, ex situ
                 conservation, and artificial breeding, all of which
                 have been implemented by the Chinese government. Of
                 these, ex situ conservation involves the relocation of
                 Yangtze finless porpoises to semi-natural waters with
                 less human interference, and artificial breeding
                 involves the relocation of Yangtze finless porpoises to
                 a controlled environment that is more strictly managed.
                 To compare and analyze the responsive changes in gene
                 expression of the YFPs between the ex situ and
                 controlled environments, we performed the RNA
                 sequencing of blood tissues from these YFPs. A total of
                 1201 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were
                 identified, of which 423 were up-regulated in the ex
                 situ population and 778 were up-regulated in the
                 controlled-environment population. Gene enrichment
                 analysis showed that 1201 DEGs between the ex situ and
                 controlled-environment populations were generally
                 enriched for vision-, digestion- and
                 immune-system-related pathways. Further analysis
                 revealed that several key immune system pathways, such
                 as the chemokine signaling pathway and B cell receptor
                 signal pathway, were activated in the ex situ
                 population. In addition, the key pathways related to
                 vision, including phototransduction and the
                 inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels, as
                 well as the pathways related to the digestive system,
                 such as protein digestion and absorption and salivary
                 secretion, were activated in the controlled-environment
                 population. These results suggest that the ex situ
                 populations may respond to complex environmental
                 conditions in semi-natural waters by enhancing their
                 immune function through the increased expression of
                 immune-related genes and that the visual function and
                 protein digestion of the YFPs were improved compared to
                 those of the ex situ population based on the conditions
                 of artificial feeding, such as the higher transparency
                 of the water and regular feeding. This study provides
                 clues for evaluating the adaptability of YFPs to
                 different environments and is a useful reference for
                 future ex situ conservation and artificial breeding.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{David-Ruales:2023:ZPE,
  author =       "Carlos David-Ruales and D{\'e}bora Machado Fracalossi
                 and Felipe Collazos-Lasso",
  title =        "Zootechnical Parameters and Enzyme Activity in the
                 Species \bioname{Brycon moorei} ({Steindachner} 1878)",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "592",
  day =          "30",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120592",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/592",
  abstract =     "Brycon moorei is an opportunistic omnivorous species.
                 It is not known what its nutritional requirements are
                 at any stage of its development; this study determined
                 the influence of diet on the zootechnical parameters
                 and enzyme activity of these fish. In a completely
                 randomized quintuplicate design, an ad libitum dietary
                 protocol was applied, which included Prochilodus
                 magdalenae larvae, Artemia salina and balanced feed
                 with increasing inclusion levels (35 to 55\% crude
                 protein (CP)). Larvae 22 h post-hatching (HPH), with an
                 average initial weight and length of 3.07 {\pm} 0.69 mg
                 and 6.069 {\pm} 0.22 mm, respectively, were seeded at a
                 density of 17 larvae L {$-$1} in tanks with an
                 effective volume of 60 L. The main zootechnical
                 parameters, water quality and enzyme activity were
                 analyzed with respect to the experimental diets.
                 Significantly, the best diet was that of 45\% CP when
                 compared with the other CP levels used. Specific serum
                 enzyme activity was found from hatching, with
                 fluctuating values, the specific pepsin-like activity
                 started at 111 HPH. B. moorei larvae can receive a dry
                 diet from 124 HPH and their requirement corresponds to
                 48.5\% CP.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liu:2023:FRU,
  author =       "Liang Liu and Junfeng Wu and Tao Zheng and Haiyan Zhao
                 and Han Kong and Boyu Qu and Hong Yu",
  title =        "Fish Recognition in the Underwater Environment Using
                 an Improved {ArcFace} Loss for Precision Aquaculture",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "591",
  day =          "30",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120591",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/591",
  abstract =     "Accurate fish individual recognition is one of the
                 critical technologies for large-scale fishery farming
                 when trying to achieve accurate, green farming and
                 sustainable development. It is an essential link for
                 aquaculture to move toward automation and intelligence.
                 However, existing fish individual data collection
                 methods cannot cope with the interference of light,
                 blur, and pose in the natural underwater environment,
                 which makes the captured fish individual images of poor
                 quality. These low-quality images can cause significant
                 interference with the training of recognition networks.
                 In order to solve the above problems, this paper
                 proposes an underwater fish individual recognition
                 method (FishFace) that combines data quality assessment
                 and loss weighting. First, we introduce the Gem pooing
                 and quality evaluation module, which is based on
                 EfficientNet. This module is an improved fish
                 recognition network that can evaluate the quality of
                 fish images well, and it does not need additional
                 labels; second, we propose a new loss function,
                 FishFace Loss, which will weigh the loss according to
                 the quality of the image so that the model focuses more
                 on recognizable fish images, and less on images that
                 are difficult to recognize. Finally, we collect a
                 dataset for fish individual recognition (WideFish),
                 which contains and annotates 5000 images of 300 fish.
                 The experimental results show that, compared with the
                 state-of-the-art individual recognition methods, Rank1
                 accuracy is improved by 2.60\% and 3.12\% on the public
                 dataset DlouFish and the proposed WideFish dataset,
                 respectively.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Barrows:2023:IKM,
  author =       "Frederick T. Barrows and Kelly B. Campbell and T.
                 Gibson Gaylord and Rodrigo C. M. Sanchez and Sergio A.
                 Castillo and Ewen McLean",
  title =        "Influence of Krill Meal on the Performance of
                 Post-Smolt \geoname{Atlantic} Salmon That Are Fed
                 Plant-Based and Animal-Based Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free
                 Diets",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "590",
  day =          "30",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120590",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/590",
  abstract =     "The purpose of this study was to determine the
                 influence of krill meal (KM) inclusion at various
                 levels (0\%, 2.5\%, 5\%) in plant-based and
                 animal-based feeds, that were fishmeal (FM) and fish
                 oil (FO) free, on Atlantic salmon growth. A FM/FO feed
                 containing 0\% KM was the control. Using a 2 $ \times $
                 3 factorial approach, diets were randomly assigned to
                 one of 28 0.5 m 3 flow-through tanks (n = 4 tanks per
                 diet) initially stocked with 60 fish (148.4 {\pm} 12.9
                 g; 23.6 {\pm} 0.8 cm; condition factor (K) = 1.16 {\pm}
                 0.08) each. Salmon were fed for 90 days using automatic
                 feeders ad libitum. On day 45, stocking densities were
                 reduced to 45 fish per tank by the random removal of 15
                 individuals to remove any potential of density
                 affecting growth through the trial end. Water
                 temperature, oxygen saturation, pH, and salinity
                 throughout the trial were 11.8 {$^\circ $}C, 103.5\%,
                 7.38, and 32.0 g L {$-$1}, respectively. Fish fed
                 plant-based feed without KM were lighter (p {$<$} 0.05)
                 than all other groups at day 45 and 90, but those fed a
                 plant-based feed with KM had comparable growth and feed
                 intake compared to that of fish fed the control diet.
                 Irrespective of the presence of KM, animal-based feeds
                 achieved comparable weight growth (p {$>$} 0.05) to the
                 control and 5\% KM plant-based groups, with KM
                 increasing feed intake (p {$<$} 0.05). Between day 45
                 and 90, feed conversion ratios increased in all groups
                 except the control and 0\% KM plant-based group, while
                 specific growth rates (SGRs) decreased for all except
                 the 0\% KM plant-based diet. Between-group differences
                 (p {$<$} 0.05) were also noted for the thermal growth
                 coefficient. No differences were recorded in visceral
                 or intestinal weight, and whole-body lipid levels were
                 identical, proportional for all groups. Although
                 differences (p {$<$} 0.05) were apparent in the
                 concentrations of individual fillet fatty acids between
                 groups, a 75 g serving size of any treatment would be
                 sufficient to exceed daily intake recommendations for
                 EPA + DHA. This trial determined that benefit, in terms
                 of feed intake and growth performance, was gained when
                 KM was added to plant-based feeds. However, no such
                 advantage was observed when KM was used with
                 animal-based feeds.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Rajalakshmi:2023:CED,
  author =       "Kaakarlu Shivakumar Vinanthi Rajalakshmi and Wen-Chao
                 Liu and Balasubramanian Balamuralikrishnan and Arun
                 Meyyazhagan and Govindharajan Sattanathan and
                 Manikantan Pappuswamy and Kadanthottu Sebastian Joseph
                 and Kuppusamy Alagesan Paari and Jang-Won Lee",
  title =        "Cadmium as an Endocrine Disruptor That Hinders the
                 Reproductive and Developmental Pathways in Freshwater
                 Fish: a Review",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "589",
  day =          "30",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120589",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/589",
  abstract =     "Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential element with
                 sub-lethal effects even at low concentrations. The
                 persistent nature of Cd and its tendency to
                 bioaccumulate eventually create harmful effects on
                 water biota, including fish. Cd affects various aspects
                 of hormonal action in fish since it bioaccumulates in
                 the endocrine system and hinders the synthesis,
                 secretion, and metabolic activity of hormones, causing
                 severe damage along the
                 hypothalamus--pituitary--gonadal axis. Linking
                 reproductive and developmental impairments in fish with
                 ecologically relevant concentrations of individual
                 metals can be challenging due to the complexity of
                 aquatic ecosystems. This review deliberated the
                 significant and novel trends of toxicological
                 difficulties and approaches, including elucidating
                 environmental sources' bioavailability and Cd-induced
                 toxic effects in freshwater fish. Both acute and
                 chronic exposure to Cd can cause a range of adverse
                 effects, such as growth inhibition, impaired
                 reproductive capacity, endocrine disruption, and
                 developmental abnormalities in freshwater fish, as
                 evidenced by the present review. These investigations
                 support the concept of Cd as a naturally available
                 pollutant that causes irreversible damage in fish.
                 These findings will help to understand the etiology of
                 environmental circumstances that pose substantial
                 dangers to fish health and are also crucial for
                 preventing and treating exposure-related reproductive
                 disturbances in freshwater fish due to environmental
                 pollution.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Cruces:2023:PBG,
  author =       "Celso Luis Cruces and Raquel Sim{\~o}es and Arnaldo
                 Maldonado J{\'u}nior and Ruperto Severino and Jhon
                 Darly Chero and Jos{\'e} Luis Luque",
  title =        "Proposal of \bioname{Brotulella} n. gen. for
                 Monogeneans from the Gills of the \geoname{Pacific}
                 Bearded Brotula \bioname{Brotula clarkae} {Hubbs}, 1944
                 ({Ophidiiformes: Ophidiidae}) Based on Morphological
                 and Molecular Evidence",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "588",
  day =          "30",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120588",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/588",
  abstract =     "Based on morphological and molecular data, Brotulella
                 n. gen. is proposed to accommodate the dactylogyrid
                 monogeneans Brotulella laurafernandae n. sp. (type
                 species) and Brotulella luisahelenae n. sp. on the gill
                 filaments of the Pacific bearded brotula Brotula
                 clarkae Hubbs, 1944 (Ophidiiformes: Ophidiidae) from
                 Puerto Pizarro in the Tumbes region (northern Peru).
                 Species of the new genus are distinguished from all
                 other dactylogyrids by the combination of the following
                 features: (1) anchors with a stocking-shaped sheath
                 associated with the distal end of superficial and deep
                 roots, (2) tandem gonads, (3) a vas deferens looping
                 left intestinal caecum, (4) a distally twisted male
                 copulatory organ (MCO) with a delicate membranous
                 accessory piece articulated to the shaft of the MCO,
                 (5) a U-shaped ovary, (6) an almost sigmoid seminal
                 vesicle, and (7) two prostatic reservoirs with thick
                 muscular walls. A 28S ribosomal DNA-based phylogenetic
                 analysis (Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference) of
                 sequences of two new species of Brotulella n. gen. from
                 the Southeastern Pacific Ocean, along with sequences
                 from closely related genera of the marine
                 Dactylogyridae, supports the establishment of the new
                 genus for the dactylogyrid parasites on the gills of
                 the Pacific bearded brotula.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Zhou:2023:TTE,
  author =       "Zhibin Zhou and Lubo Wang and Mingqin Dai and Qingyan
                 Gao and Peng Wang and Lili Zhao and Yanlu Li and Rui Xi
                 and Mingchao Pan and Qiang Ma and Houguo Xu and
                 Mengqing Liang and Yuliang Wei",
  title =        "Three Types of \bioname{Enteromorpha prolifera}
                 Bio-Products Based on Different Processing Procedures
                 as Feed Additives in the Diets of \geoname{Pacific}
                 White Shrimp (\bioname{Litopenaeus vannamei})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "587",
  day =          "29",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120587",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/587",
  abstract =     "A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the
                 biological activities of Enteromorpha prolifera
                 bio-products in the diets of Pacific white shrimp
                 (Litopenaeus vannamei). Bio-products of E. prolifera
                 included E. prolifera meal, E. prolifera hydrolysate
                 and E. prolifera polysaccharide, which was supplied
                 using different processing procedures. The control diet
                 was supplemented without any E. prolifera bio-products
                 or dietary attractants. Experimental diets were
                 formulated to contain 0.2\% and 0.4\% of E. prolifera
                 hydrolysate (EPH0.2\% and EPH0.4\%), 0.03\% of E.
                 prolifera polysaccharide (EPP0.03\%), 3\% of E.
                 prolifera meal (EPM3\%), 0.1\% of dimethyl- {\beta}
                 -propiothetn (DMPT0.1\%) and 1\% of squid paste
                 (SP1\%). Shrimp ($ \approx $8 g) were randomly
                 distributed in 21 tanks and fed for 44 days. Feed
                 intake showed that 3\% of E. prolifera meal and 0.4\%
                 of E. prolifera hydrolysate in diets exhibited similar
                 attractant effects as 0.1\% of DMPT. Gross qualitative
                 observation showed that the abundance of lipid droplets
                 decreased in hepatopancreas of the EPH0.4\% and EPM3\%
                 groups, which were supported by hepatopancreas
                 triacylglycerol (TG), where significantly lower
                 concentrations were observed in the EPH0.4\% and EPM3\%
                 groups compared with the control group. Similarly, TG
                 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum
                 significantly decreased in the EPH0.4\%, EPP0.03\% and
                 EPM3\% groups compared to the control group.
                 Supplemental E. prolifera bio-products resulted in
                 significantly higher serum glutathione level of
                 EPP0.03\% or superoxide dismutase activities of
                 EPH0.4\% and EPM3\%, but significantly lower serum
                 malondialdehyde level of EPM3\%. In addition, tnf -
                 {\alpha} expression in hepatopancreas was significantly
                 down-regulated in shrimp fed the EPH0.2\%, EPH0.4\% and
                 EPM3\% diets. Based on survival analysis, E. prolifera
                 bio-products improved the resistance of shrimp to
                 hypoxic stresses. Thus, this study confirmed that
                 bio-products of E. prolifera supplied using different
                 processing procedures could be used to reduce the
                 amount of E. prolifera in feed of shrimp without
                 compromising their biological functions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Costa:2023:BRO,
  author =       "L{\'e}a Carolina de Oliveira Costa and Andrezza
                 Carvalho and Mariana Holanda and Jorge Santos and
                 Luc{\'e}lia Borges and Bruna Guterres and Je Nam Junior
                 and Virginia Fonseca and Larissa Muller and Luis Romano
                 and Silvia Botelho and Marcelo Pias and Juliane Ventura
                 and Lu{\'\i}s H. Poersch",
  title =        "Biological Responses of Oyster \bioname{Crassostrea
                 gasar} Exposed to Different Concentrations of Biofloc",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "586",
  day =          "29",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120586",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/586",
  abstract =     "Oysters have the potential to be a part of more
                 sustainable farming systems, such as multitrophic
                 systems integrated into biofloc systems, due to their
                 filtration activity, which enables them to act as
                 organic consumers. However, the stress experienced by
                 animals in a system with a high organic load can
                 compromise their productive performance. The objective
                 of this study was to evaluate the biological responses
                 of Crassostrea gasar oysters when exposed to different
                 concentrations of total suspended solids in biofloc
                 systems. The oysters were exposed to four different
                 concentrations of solids for 28 days. Hall effect
                 sensors were installed on the outside of the shells to
                 detect the movement of the oyster valves. Also,
                 biochemical and histological analyses were conducted to
                 assess the biological responses of the oysters to
                 exposure to varying levels of solids. A difference in
                 valve opening detected by the Hall sensors was observed
                 from the second week of culture, indicating a
                 relationship between shell closure and higher
                 concentrations of suspended solids present in the
                 system. In terms of biochemical analysis, a significant
                 increase in lipid damage was observed in treatments
                 with medium and high levels of total suspended solids
                 compared with the control group. Conversely, no changes
                 were observed in the gill structure of the oysters
                 caused by the concentrations of suspended solids in the
                 system when compared with the control. According to the
                 analyses of gill activity and biochemistry, it is
                 suggested that C. gasar should be cultured with total
                 suspended solids at less than 200 mg/L. Oysters
                 cultivated in a biofloc system keep their shells closed
                 when subjected to high concentrations of total
                 suspended solids; concentrations of total suspended
                 solids below 200 mg/L do not induce oxidative stress,
                 changes in behavior or histological alterations in C.
                 gasar oysters cultivated in a biofloc system.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Kamikawa:2023:GCR,
  author =       "Keith Kamikawa and Brian W. Bowen and Donald Kobayashi
                 and Kimberly Peyton and Elizabeth Wallace",
  title =        "Genetic Connectivity of Roundjaw Bonefish
                 \bioname{Albula glossodonta} ({Elopomorpha, Albulidae})
                 in the \geoname{Central Pacific Ocean} Resolved through
                 {ddRAD}-Based Population Genomics",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "585",
  day =          "29",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120585",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/585",
  abstract =     "Bonefishes are a nearshore species targeted by
                 non-commercial anglers and subsistence fishers in the
                 Central and South Pacific islands. Among the bonefish
                 species in the Indo-Pacific region, Albula glossodonta
                 are known to have one of the widest geographic ranges,
                 from the Red Sea to the Central Pacific, but it is
                 unknown how dispersive A. glossodonta are between
                 geographically isolated islands. Volunteer anglers
                 collected A. glossodonta fin clips from the main
                 Hawaiian Islands in the North Pacific, Anaa Atoll in
                 the South Pacific, and intermediate Kiritimati Island
                 (Line Islands) to assess the scale of dispersal and
                 population structure within the Pacific Ocean.
                 Population genomics was conducted based on 208
                 individuals and 7225 SNPs. Although adult A.
                 glossodonta exhibit strong site fidelity, genomic
                 results show no population differentiation between Oahu
                 and Maui in Hawai`i. Bonefishes exhibit significant
                 population structure between Anaa and Hawai`i (F ST =
                 0.096), with intermediate Kiritimati comprising admixed
                 fishes. A lengthy larval duration likely promotes
                 connectivity between Pacific islands. Regional
                 management regimes may be most appropriate for a
                 species with this level of dispersal.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Iitembu:2023:CDA,
  author =       "Johannes A. Iitembu and Daniel Fitzgerald and
                 Themistoklis Altintzoglou and Pierre Boudry and Peter
                 Britz and Carrie J. Byron and Daniel Delago and Sophie
                 Girard and Colin Hannon and Marcia Kafensztok and
                 Francisco Lagreze and Jefferson Francisco Alves Legat
                 and Angela Puchnick Legat and Adriane K. Michaelis and
                 Ingelinn Eskildsen Pleym and Simone S{\"u}hnel and
                 William Walton and {\AA}sa Strand",
  title =        "Comparative Description and Analysis of Oyster
                 Aquaculture in Selected \geoname{Atlantic} Regions:
                 Production, Market Dynamics, and Consumption Patterns",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "12",
  pages =        "584",
  day =          "29",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "2023",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120584",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:15 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/8/12/584",
  abstract =     "In the face of an increasing world population and a
                 subsequent need for an increase in sustainable and
                 healthy food production, low trophic species, such as
                 oysters, emerge as a promising alternative. However,
                 regional variations in oyster production techniques,
                 market dynamics, and consumption patterns create
                 challenges for both the global and local industry's
                 growth. In this study, a descriptive qualitative
                 analysis of oyster markets across seven Atlantic
                 regions was carried out. The Pacific oyster
                 (Crassostrea gigas) was found to be farmed in most
                 Atlantic regions except the US but is classified as
                 invasive in Sweden and potentially invasive in South
                 Africa. Other farmed and/or harvested species include
                 native species (C. gasar and C. rhizophorae) in Brazil,
                 the American cupped oyster (C. virginica) in the US,
                 and the European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) in France,
                 Sweden, and the US. In Irish farms, Pacific oysters are
                 primarily for export to European markets. The marine
                 aquaculture sectors of Sweden, South Africa, and
                 Namibia, as well as Brazil's farming for C. gasar, were
                 found to be underdeveloped. This study also observed a
                 variation in licensing, property rights, and regulatory
                 frameworks. Financial challenges for small businesses,
                 ecological implications of seed production techniques,
                 biosecurity risks, and public health considerations are
                 emphasized as critical areas for attention. This study
                 offers valuable insights into the selected markets and
                 can serve as a useful resource for policymakers,
                 aquaculture practitioners, and stakeholders in
                 optimizing global shellfish industry strategies.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sayed:2024:ICP,
  author =       "Ramy K. A. Sayed and Doaa M. Mokhtar and Madeha Ahmed
                 Hashim and Ahmed S. Aly and Giacomo Zaccone and Marco
                 Albano and Alessio Alesci and Nada Abdellah",
  title =        "Immune Cell Profiling in the Ovarian Stroma of a
                 Viviparous Fish during the Breeding Season: a
                 Histological and Immunohistochemical Investigation",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "10",
  day =          "25",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2024",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9010010",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:16 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/10",
  abstract =     "The molly fish is a member of viviparous teleosts that
                 are characterized by the fusion of the right and left
                 ovaries during their early embryonic development. This
                 fusion results in a singular and saccular ovary, where
                 the germinal epithelium lines the internal lumen. The
                 present study aimed to identify the immune cells in the
                 ovarian stroma of Molly fish during the breeding season
                 using histological and immunohistochemical analysis.
                 Histological examination of the ovaries displayed
                 oocytes at all different stages of development and
                 degeneration. The ovocoel, a lymph-filled space,
                 remains in the center of the ovary and branches
                 posteriorly, creating the lumen of the gonoduct. The
                 ovarian wall is composed of three layers: the
                 mesothelium, tunica albuginea, and germinal epithelium.
                 The developing ova were held together by the stroma,
                 which consisted of vascular collagenous connective
                 tissue clustered with immune cells. Immunohistochemical
                 analysis revealed the presence of clusters of
                 macrophages expressing APG5, IL-1{\beta}, TGF-{\beta},
                 S100, NF-{\kappa}B, CD68, Iba-1, and Ach. Monocytes
                 demonstrated positive immunoreactivity for both APG5
                 and IL-1{\beta}, whereas dendritic cells expressed only
                 APG5. Furthermore, rodlet cells exhibited
                 immunoreactivity for S100 protein, IL-1{\beta},
                 NF-{\kappa}B, CD68, Nrf2, Ach, myostatin, SOX9, and
                 Iba-1. In contrast, stem cells displayed
                 immunoreactivity for Nrf2, myostatin, and SOX9. In
                 conclusion, the ovarian stroma of Molly fish
                 demonstrated a notable presence of immune cells,
                 indicating their active involvement in immune
                 reactions.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Crisostomo:2024:RCP,
  author =       "Rafael Octavio Cris{\'o}stomo and Renzo
                 Pepe-Victoriano and Sheda M{\'e}ndez-Ancca and Abel
                 Walter Zambrano-Cabanillas and Olegario
                 Mar{\'\i}n-Machuca and Hernan Mauricio Perez and
                 V{\'\i}ctor Yana-Mamani and Mario Ruiz-Choque",
  title =        "Reproductive Conditioning of the \geoname{Peruvian}
                 Scallop \bioname{Argopecten purpuratus} in Different
                 Environments",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "9",
  day =          "24",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2024",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9010009",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:16 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/9",
  abstract =     "Obtaining viable Argopecten purpuratus seeds faces
                 challenges, especiallyci the unpredictability of the
                 marine environment and high production costs in
                 hatcheries. However, improving the method of
                 ``Broodstock Conditioning In Hatcheries'' is key to
                 ensure permanent seed supplies by minimizing the
                 dependence on marine conditions and by maximizing
                 economic viability in hatcheries. In an effort to
                 overcome these barriers, broodstock were conditioned
                 into two different environments: (a) Natural
                 Environment: Natural marine conditions located in
                 Bah{\'\i}a Inglesa, Atacama Region, Chile. (b)
                 Hatchery: Laboratory conditions to achieve gonadal
                 maturation, spawning induction, fertilization and
                 larval development. The purpose of this research was to
                 evaluate how the type of reproductive conditioning
                 affects the reproductive potential and nutritional
                 quality of the progeny. Both methods were successful at
                 inducing the necessary maturity for reproduction,
                 obtaining viable gametes and larvae. On the other hand,
                 it was observed that in the natural environment, the
                 oocytes and D larvae reached a greater size and
                 nutritional value, being the most significant
                 differences with (p {$<$} 0.05): the size of the D
                 larvae reached figures of 95.8 {\pm} 3.1 {\mu}m and
                 91.2 {\pm} 2.7 {\mu}m in the environment and hatchery,
                 respectively; the lipid content in dry mass was 25.2
                 {\pm} 3.1 mg g {$-$1} and 13.5 {\pm} 1.9 mg g {$-$1}
                 for the natural environment and hatchery, respectively.
                 Although quality indicators in hatcheries were slightly
                 lower compared to the natural environment, the
                 possibility of conditioning A. purpuratus broodstock
                 independently of environmental variability highlights
                 the importance of further optimizing broodstock
                 conditioning aspects in hatcheries that would allow
                 more predictable and sustainable production.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Svenning:2024:ECC,
  author =       "Martin A. Svenning and Eigil T. Bj{\o}rvik and Jane A.
                 Godiksen and Johan Hammar and Jack Kohler and Reidar
                 Borgstr{\o}m and Nigel G. Yoccoz",
  title =        "Expected Climate Change in the \geoname{High Arctic}
                 --- Good or Bad for \geoname{Arctic} Charr?",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "8",
  day =          "23",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2024",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9010008",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:16 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/8",
  abstract =     "Lakes in the High Arctic are characterized by their
                 low water temperature, long-term ice cover, low levels
                 of nutrients, and low biodiversity. These conditions
                 mean that minor climatic changes may be of great
                 importance to Arctic freshwater organisms, including
                 fish, by influencing vital life history parameters such
                 as individual growth rates. In this study, Arctic charr
                 sampled from two Svalbard lakes (78--{79$^\circ $} N)
                 over the period 1960--2008 provided back-calculated
                 length-at-age information extending over six decades,
                 covering both warm and cold spells. The estimated
                 annual growth in young-of-the-year (YOY) Arctic charr
                 correlated positively with an increasing air
                 temperature in summer. This increase is likely due to
                 the higher water temperature during the ice-free
                 period, and also to some extent, due to the winter air
                 temperature; this is probably due to thinner ice being
                 formed in mild winters and the subsequent earlier ice
                 break-up. However, years with higher snow accumulation
                 correlated with slower growth rates, which may be due
                 to delayed ice break-up and thus a shorter summer
                 growing season. More than 30\% of the growth in YOY
                 charr could be explained specifically by air
                 temperature and snow accumulation in the two Arctic
                 charr populations. This indicated that juvenile
                 Svalbard Arctic charr may experience increased growth
                 rates in a future warmer climate, although future
                 increases in precipitation may contradict the positive
                 effects of higher temperatures to some extent. In the
                 longer term, a warmer climate may lead to the complete
                 loss of many glaciers in western Svalbard; therefore,
                 rivers may dry out, thus hindering migration between
                 salt water and fresh water for migratory fish. In the
                 worst-case scenario, the highly valuable and attractive
                 anadromous Arctic charr populations could eventually
                 disappear from the Svalbard lake systems.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Liu:2024:BVC,
  author =       "Lijuan Liu and Dongdong Jiang and Yan Ren and Cunbin
                 Shi and Yajun Wang and Jiyuan Yin and Qing Wang and
                 Defeng Zhang",
  title =        "The \bioname{Bacillus velezensis} {CYS06} Strain
                 Exhibits Promising Applications in Fighting Grass Carp
                 Bacterial Diseases",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "7",
  day =          "22",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2024",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9010007",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:16 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/7",
  abstract =     "Aeromonas septicemia and columnaris disease are major
                 bacterial diseases in grass carp; however, the drugs
                 currently used to control these diseases pose
                 environmental and health risks. This study aimed to
                 screen for a probiotic Bacillus strain with
                 antagonistic activity to prevent and control bacterial
                 diseases in grass carp and to evaluate the
                 antimicrobial activities, biosafety, and biocontrol
                 effects of this strain. A Bacillus strain with
                 antagonistic activity against Aeromonas hydrophila,
                 obtained from grass carp intestines, was screened, and
                 the isolate CYS06 was identified by analyzing the 16S
                 rRNA and gyrA gene sequences. The antimicrobial
                 spectrum of the strain CYS06 was determined, and the
                 activities of amylase, cellulase, protease, and lipase
                 of the strain CYS06 were determined. The whole genome
                 of the strain CYS06 was sequenced using the nanopore
                 sequencing technology platform, followed by the
                 analysis of the antagonistic substance synthesis gene
                 clusters and CAZy enzyme gene families. The biosafety
                 of the strain CYS06 was evaluated via intraperitoneal
                 injection into healthy grass carp. After the strain
                 CYS06 was fed to the grass carp, its biological control
                 effect on this fish was evaluated through artificial
                 infection experiments. The strain CYS06 was identified
                 as Bacillus velezensis, based on molecular
                 identification, which shows broad antimicrobial
                 activity against various fish pathogens. The strain
                 CYS06 secretes amylase, cellulase, protease, and
                 lipase. The genome size of the strain CYS06 is
                 3,914,159 bp, and it contains eight antagonistic
                 substance synthesis gene clusters and many CAZy
                 enzymes. The strain CYS06 exhibits high biological
                 safety for grass carp, based on the challenge test.
                 Feeding grass carp with the strain CYS06 for 4 weeks
                 significantly enhanced the resistance of the fish to A.
                 hydrophila. Strain CYS06 could inhibit the growth of
                 Flavobacterium columnare under co-culture and reduce
                 the amount of F. columnare adherence on the gills of
                 grass carp, indicating that CYS06 has good potential
                 for the prevention and control of columnaris disease.
                 In conclusion, we isolated an antagonistic probiotic
                 strain, CYS06, which exhibits a biological control
                 effect on septicemia and columnaris disease caused by
                 Aeromonas spp. and F. columnare in grass carp,
                 respectively. This strain contains many antagonistic
                 substance synthesis-related gene clusters and holds the
                 potential to degrade various types of carbohydrates. As
                 a biological control agent, the strain CYS06 exhibits
                 significant potential for the prevention and control of
                 bacterial diseases in grass carp.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Xu:2024:IBC,
  author =       "Yiqian Xu and Junren Xue and Hongbo Liu and Tao Jiang
                 and Xiubao Chen and Jian Yang",
  title =        "Identification of {``Bathed''} \geoname{Chinese}
                 Mitten Crabs (\bioname{Eriocheir sinensis}) Using
                 Geometric Morphological Analysis of the Carapace",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "6",
  day =          "21",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2024",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9010006",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:16 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/6",
  abstract =     "To confirm whether Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir
                 sinensis), commonly known as hairy crabs or river
                 crabs, in non-Yangcheng Lake areas undergo
                 morphological convergence with the original crabs in
                 the Yangcheng Lake purse seine and high-standard
                 modified aquaculture ponds after being ``introduced''
                 or ``bathed''-cultured, we employed a geometric
                 morphometrics approach. This approach allowed us to
                 compare and analyze the dynamic changes in the carapace
                 morphology of both the original and ``introduced''
                 crabs in Yangcheng Lake and high-standard ponds in
                 Kunshan City at 0, 7, 14, and 30 days after ``bathing''
                 culture. The geometric morphological analysis of the
                 carapace was conducted using a system of 35 established
                 landmarks. The stepwise discriminant analysis of the
                 relative distortion score revealed morphological
                 differences between ``introduced'' and resident
                 original crabs in the Yangcheng Lake area and in
                 high-standard modified ponds after 7, 14, and 30 days
                 of bathing culture. The accuracy of the discriminant
                 analysis was 100\%. The results of the geometric
                 morphological visualization demonstrated that the
                 carapaces of the bathed crabs underwent adaptive
                 changes in the water. However, even after one month of
                 bathing culture, the ``introduced'' crabs in lakes and
                 ponds could not reach the morphological characteristics
                 of the original crabs, i.e., their carapaces did not
                 exhibit the characteristics of the original crabs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Sanchez-Paz:2024:SEP,
  author =       "Arturo S{\'a}nchez-Paz and Trinidad
                 Encinas-Garc{\'\i}a and Fernando Mendoza-Cano",
  title =        "In Silico Evaluation of the {PCR} Performance of
                 Different Tests for Detection of {WSSV}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "5",
  day =          "20",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2024",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9010005",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:16 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/5",
  abstract =     "In this study, the primers of different protocols for
                 the detection of White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) were
                 analyzed in silico to evaluate their potential
                 performance in PCR. As with any biological entity, this
                 virus evolves constantly. Thus, this analysis showed
                 that a few primers, including those recommended by the
                 World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH), might
                 mismatch with some isolates of WSSV, specially with
                 isolates more recently sequenced. Furthermore, a set of
                 primers recommended by WOAH, showed the potential to
                 self-dimer and form hairpin loop structures, which
                 could affect the efficiency of PCR, resulting in an
                 inaccurate diagnostic result. From our perspective, and
                 considering the evolutionary trajectory of this virus,
                 it may be time for the WOAH to update the PCR protocols
                 recommended for WSSV detection, which remains as a
                 highly prevalent and lethal virus.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Valic:2024:MAT,
  author =       "Damir Vali{\'c} and Matej Kristan Mirkovi{\'c} and
                 Vi{\v{s}}nja Besendorfer and Emin
                 Teskered{\v{z}}i{\'c}",
  title =        "Molecular Analysis of Two Endemic \bioname{Squalius}
                 Species: Evidence for Intergeneric Introgression among
                 Cyprinids and Conservation Issues",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "4",
  day =          "20",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2024",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9010004",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:16 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/4",
  abstract =     "Conservation of indigenous species, especially endemic
                 ones, is of the utmost importance. Morphological
                 determination of species is usually not sufficient;
                 therefore, molecular phylogenetic analyses of the
                 Illyrian chub, Squalius illyricus, and the Zrmanja
                 chub, Squalius zrmanjae, from the Krka River were
                 performed. For the genetic characterization of the
                 mitochondrial gene cytochrome b and the non-coding
                 nuclear region Cyfun P, 15 specimens from each species
                 were subjected to analysis. The obtained sequences were
                 aligned with similar ones from GenBank to determine the
                 taxonomic and phylogenetic position of these species.
                 The obtained molecular results imply that S. zrmanjae
                 from the Krka River has a nuclear region that resembles
                 Dalmatian rudd, Scardinius dergle. This result implies
                 an introgression event and the transfer of genetic
                 information between the two genera. The investigated
                 species are on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,
                 their biological data are scarce, and further
                 investigation and protection are needed.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Horka:2024:ETB,
  author =       "Petra Horka and Monika Vlachova",
  title =        "The Effect of Turbidity on the Behavior of Bleak
                 (\bioname{Alburnus alburnus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "3",
  day =          "20",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2024",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9010003",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:16 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/3",
  abstract =     "In group-living species, social interactions with
                 conspecifics play a crucial role in group formation and
                 the ability to make consensus decisions, with
                 far-reaching consequences for ecological and
                 evolutionary processes in natural populations.
                 Individual recognition and partner preferences based on
                 social familiarity are important mechanisms driving a
                 range of interactions between individual fish and
                 social structure in fish populations. However, the
                 social interactions of gregarious species are also
                 influenced by the ecological environment experienced by
                 individuals. This study aimed to determine how fish
                 shoals' structure is shaped by increased turbidity, a
                 typical environmental constraint in anthropogenically
                 impacted rivers. A freshwater, shoal-forming, visually
                 orientated pelagic fish---bleak (Alburnus
                 alburnus)---was used as the model organism. The
                 behavior of 40 individuals at three different turbidity
                 levels (0 NTU, 30 NTU, 60 NTU) was tested in the
                 laboratory experiment. Specifically, the aim was to
                 determine if the turbidity reduces between individual
                 distances in response to the deteriorated visual
                 conditions. The results showed that bleaks increased
                 the compactness of the shoal even at the medium
                 turbidity level (30 NTU), and compactness further
                 increased with turbidity. Such results indicate that
                 turbidity is an important phenomenon influencing the
                 structure of shoals and ultimately an ecological
                 process in natural fish populations in ecosystems
                 affected by increasing turbidity.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Herdiana:2024:UCS,
  author =       "Yudi Herdiana and Budy Wiryawan and Sugeng Hari Wisudo
                 and James Richard Tweedley and Irfan Yulianto and Heidi
                 Retnoningtyas and Neil Randell Loneragan",
  title =        "Untangling the Complexity of Small-Scale Fisheries:
                 Building an Understanding of Grouper-Snapper Fisheries
                 Dynamics in \geoname{Saleh Bay, West Nusa Tenggara,
                 Indonesia}",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "2",
  day =          "19",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2024",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9010002",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:16 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/2",
  abstract =     "Small-scale tropical fisheries are complex systems
                 that utilize multiple fishing gears to target various
                 species. In this study, we investigated small-scale
                 reef and demersal fisheries in Saleh Bay, Indonesia,
                 using catch and effort data from 2016 to 2019, where
                 57.7 percent of the catch was grouper (serranids) and
                 snapper (lutjanids). Despite the complexity (75
                 documented species and eight fishing methods), this
                 fishery is characterized by the catches of four
                 dominant species: leopard coral grouper (Plectropomus
                 leopardus), orange-spotted-grouper (Epinephelus
                 coioides), spotted coral grouper (P. maculatus), and
                 malabar blood snapper (Lutjanus malabaricus). The
                 species caught varied among fishing methods. Over 90\%
                 of the catch was attributed to three primary fishing
                 methods: bottom longline, speargun, and handline.
                 Multivariate analyses found that fishing depth, season,
                 and/or year significantly influenced the catch
                 composition for each of these fishing methods. Fishing
                 activities exhibit a temporal pattern influenced by
                 monsoonal seasons. Results also suggest that fishers
                 employ specialized fishing tactics by targeting
                 high-value species to maximize their profits. This
                 study recommends a management strategy of focusing on
                 monitoring and managing the three main fishing gears
                 and four important species during their peak seasons to
                 reduce some of the complexity and management costs.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}

@Article{Jiang:2024:PTM,
  author =       "Zheng-Ting Jiang and Gang Shi and Dong-Neng Jiang and
                 Yu Li and Yuan-Qing Huang and Hong-Juan Shi and
                 Guang-Li Li",
  title =        "Preliminary Trial of Male to Female Sex Reversal by
                 17$ \beta $-Estradiol in Combination with Trilostane in
                 Spotted Scat (\bioname{Scatophagus argus})",
  journal =      j-FISHES,
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "1",
  day =          "19",
  month =        dec,
  year =         "2024",
  CODEN =        "????",
  DOI =          "https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9010001",
  ISSN =         "2410-3888",
  bibdate =      "Tue Dec 26 13:36:16 MST 2023",
  bibsource =    "https://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/fishes.bib",
  URL =          "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/1",
  abstract =     "The spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) is an important
                 ornamental species with sexually biased ornamental
                 values that favor males. Therefore, it makes sense to
                 breed mono-male fingerlings as ornamental fish. The
                 spotted scat has an XX/XY sex determination system;
                 therefore, the first step in producing genetically
                 all-male offspring should be the induction of a fertile
                 sex-reversed XY pseudo-female, which would then be
                 mated with a normal XY male to produce a YY super-male.
                 However, the XY pseudo-female produced by estradiol (E
                 2) treatment failed due to ovarian malformations. Here,
                 male to female sex reversal was induced in spotted scat
                 through a combination of E 2 and an androgen inhibitor
                 (trilostane, TR). Spotted scat fingerlings of
                 approximately 2.8--3.5 cm were fed a diet containing
                 both E 2 (300 {\SGMLmicro}g/g) and TR (300
                 {\SGMLmicro}g/g). The fish were treated for 90 days and
                 then fed a normal diet until they reached one year of
                 age, when they were sampled. Twenty-eight treated XY
                 individuals were identified using sex-linked markers.
                 According to their gonadal histological
                 characteristics, these treated XY fish could be divided
                 into three groups: males with testes (n = 21), intersex
                 individuals with ovaries--testes (n = 3), and fully
                 sex-reversed individuals with ovaries (n = 4). All
                 treated XX fish (n = 8) developed into normal females.
                 There were no obvious abnormalities in the ovaries of
                 the XY sex-reversed fish compared to the treated XX
                 fish. Serum 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) levels were
                 significantly lower in XY-reversed females and treated
                 XX females than in XY males. Compared with XY male
                 fish, the expression of female (42sp50, foxl2, figla,
                 zar1, and zp2) and male (dmrt1, gsdf, amh and cyp11b2)
                 biased genes was up- and down-regulated, respectively,
                 in the gonads of XY-completely sex-reversed fish.
                 Immunohistochemical results indicate that 42Sp50 was
                 expressed in oocytes of XY-partially and completely
                 sex-reversed fish, while strong Gsdf signals were
                 mainly detectable in testicular somatic cells of
                 XY-partially sex-reversed fish and XY male fish. XY
                 females were successfully produced by the combined
                 treatment of E 2 and TR in the spotted scat. Their
                 fertility will be tested in the future.",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
  journal-URL =  "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fishes",
}