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CRS-based Factorization Transpose Solve

Solving the transpose system is slightly more involved. In the usual formulation we traverse rows when solving a factored system, but here we can only access columns of the matrices and (at less than prohibitive cost). The key idea is to distribute each newly computed component of a triangular solve immediately over the remaining right-hand-side.

For instance, if we write a lower triangular matrix as , then the system can be written as . Hence, after computing we modify , and so on. Upper triangular systems are treated in a similar manner. With this algorithm we only access columns of the triangular systems. Solving a transpose system with a matrix stored in CRS format essentially means that we access rows of and .

The algorithm now becomes

for i = 1, n
    x_tmp(i) = x(i)
end;
for i = 1, n
    z(i) = x_tmp(i)
    tmp = pivots(i) * z(i)
    for j = diag_ptr(i)+1, row_ptr(i+1)-1
        x_tmp(col_ind(j)) = x_tmp(col_ind(j)) - tmp * val(j) 
    end;
end;

for i = n, 1 (step -1)
    y(i) = pivots(i) * z(i)
    for j = row_ptr(i), diag_ptr(i)-1
        z(col_ind(j)) = z(col_ind(j)) - val(j) * y(i)
    end;
end;