*DECK DQAWCE SUBROUTINE DQAWCE (F, A, B, C, EPSABS, EPSREL, LIMIT, RESULT, + ABSERR, NEVAL, IER, ALIST, BLIST, RLIST, ELIST, IORD, LAST) C***BEGIN PROLOGUE DQAWCE C***PURPOSE The routine calculates an approximation result to a C CAUCHY PRINCIPAL VALUE I = Integral of F*W over (A,B) C (W(X) = 1/(X-C), (C.NE.A, C.NE.B), hopefully satisfying C following claim for accuracy C ABS(I-RESULT).LE.MAX(EPSABS,EPSREL*ABS(I)) C***LIBRARY SLATEC (QUADPACK) C***CATEGORY H2A2A1, J4 C***TYPE DOUBLE PRECISION (QAWCE-S, DQAWCE-D) C***KEYWORDS AUTOMATIC INTEGRATOR, CAUCHY PRINCIPAL VALUE, C CLENSHAW-CURTIS METHOD, QUADPACK, QUADRATURE, C SPECIAL-PURPOSE C***AUTHOR Piessens, Robert C Applied Mathematics and Programming Division C K. U. Leuven C de Doncker, Elise C Applied Mathematics and Programming Division C K. U. Leuven C***DESCRIPTION C C Computation of a CAUCHY PRINCIPAL VALUE C Standard fortran subroutine C Double precision version C C PARAMETERS C ON ENTRY C F - Double precision C Function subprogram defining the integrand C function F(X). The actual name for F needs to be C declared E X T E R N A L in the driver program. C C A - Double precision C Lower limit of integration C C B - Double precision C Upper limit of integration C C C - Double precision C Parameter in the WEIGHT function, C.NE.A, C.NE.B C If C = A OR C = B, the routine will end with C IER = 6. C C EPSABS - Double precision C Absolute accuracy requested C EPSREL - Double precision C Relative accuracy requested C If EPSABS.LE.0 C and EPSREL.LT.MAX(50*REL.MACH.ACC.,0.5D-28), C the routine will end with IER = 6. C C LIMIT - Integer C Gives an upper bound on the number of subintervals C in the partition of (A,B), LIMIT.GE.1 C C ON RETURN C RESULT - Double precision C Approximation to the integral C C ABSERR - Double precision C Estimate of the modulus of the absolute error, C which should equal or exceed ABS(I-RESULT) C C NEVAL - Integer C Number of integrand evaluations C C IER - Integer C IER = 0 Normal and reliable termination of the C routine. It is assumed that the requested C accuracy has been achieved. C IER.GT.0 Abnormal termination of the routine C the estimates for integral and error are C less reliable. It is assumed that the C requested accuracy has not been achieved. C ERROR MESSAGES C IER = 1 Maximum number of subdivisions allowed C has been achieved. One can allow more sub- C divisions by increasing the value of C LIMIT. However, if this yields no C improvement it is advised to analyze the C the integrand, in order to determine the C the integration difficulties. If the C position of a local difficulty can be C determined (e.g. SINGULARITY, C DISCONTINUITY within the interval) one C will probably gain from splitting up the C interval at this point and calling C appropriate integrators on the subranges. C = 2 The occurrence of roundoff error is detec- C ted, which prevents the requested C tolerance from being achieved. C = 3 Extremely bad integrand behaviour C occurs at some interior points of C the integration interval. C = 6 The input is invalid, because C C = A or C = B or C (EPSABS.LE.0 and C EPSREL.LT.MAX(50*REL.MACH.ACC.,0.5D-28)) C or LIMIT.LT.1. C RESULT, ABSERR, NEVAL, RLIST(1), ELIST(1), C IORD(1) and LAST are set to zero. ALIST(1) C and BLIST(1) are set to A and B C respectively. C C ALIST - Double precision C Vector of dimension at least LIMIT, the first C LAST elements of which are the left C end points of the subintervals in the partition C of the given integration range (A,B) C C BLIST - Double precision C Vector of dimension at least LIMIT, the first C LAST elements of which are the right C end points of the subintervals in the partition C of the given integration range (A,B) C C RLIST - Double precision C Vector of dimension at least LIMIT, the first C LAST elements of which are the integral C approximations on the subintervals C C ELIST - Double precision C Vector of dimension LIMIT, the first LAST C elements of which are the moduli of the absolute C error estimates on the subintervals C C IORD - Integer C Vector of dimension at least LIMIT, the first K C elements of which are pointers to the error C estimates over the subintervals, so that C ELIST(IORD(1)), ..., ELIST(IORD(K)) with K = LAST C If LAST.LE.(LIMIT/2+2), and K = LIMIT+1-LAST C otherwise, form a decreasing sequence C C LAST - Integer C Number of subintervals actually produced in C the subdivision process C C***REFERENCES (NONE) C***ROUTINES CALLED D1MACH, DQC25C, DQPSRT C***REVISION HISTORY (YYMMDD) C 800101 DATE WRITTEN C 890531 Changed all specific intrinsics to generic. (WRB) C 890831 Modified array declarations. (WRB) C 890831 REVISION DATE from Version 3.2 C 891214 Prologue converted to Version 4.0 format. (BAB) C***END PROLOGUE DQAWCE C DOUBLE PRECISION A,AA,ABSERR,ALIST,AREA,AREA1,AREA12,AREA2,A1,A2, 1 B,BB,BLIST,B1,B2,C,D1MACH,ELIST,EPMACH,EPSABS,EPSREL, 2 ERRBND,ERRMAX,ERROR1,ERRO12,ERROR2,ERRSUM,F,RESULT,RLIST,UFLOW INTEGER IER,IORD,IROFF1,IROFF2,K,KRULE,LAST,LIMIT,MAXERR,NEV, 1 NEVAL,NRMAX C DIMENSION ALIST(*),BLIST(*),RLIST(*),ELIST(*), 1 IORD(*) C EXTERNAL F C C LIST OF MAJOR VARIABLES C ----------------------- C C ALIST - LIST OF LEFT END POINTS OF ALL SUBINTERVALS C CONSIDERED UP TO NOW C BLIST - LIST OF RIGHT END POINTS OF ALL SUBINTERVALS C CONSIDERED UP TO NOW C RLIST(I) - APPROXIMATION TO THE INTEGRAL OVER C (ALIST(I),BLIST(I)) C ELIST(I) - ERROR ESTIMATE APPLYING TO RLIST(I) C MAXERR - POINTER TO THE INTERVAL WITH LARGEST C ERROR ESTIMATE C ERRMAX - ELIST(MAXERR) C AREA - SUM OF THE INTEGRALS OVER THE SUBINTERVALS C ERRSUM - SUM OF THE ERRORS OVER THE SUBINTERVALS C ERRBND - REQUESTED ACCURACY MAX(EPSABS,EPSREL* C ABS(RESULT)) C *****1 - VARIABLE FOR THE LEFT SUBINTERVAL C *****2 - VARIABLE FOR THE RIGHT SUBINTERVAL C LAST - INDEX FOR SUBDIVISION C C C MACHINE DEPENDENT CONSTANTS C --------------------------- C C EPMACH IS THE LARGEST RELATIVE SPACING. C UFLOW IS THE SMALLEST POSITIVE MAGNITUDE. C C***FIRST EXECUTABLE STATEMENT DQAWCE EPMACH = D1MACH(4) UFLOW = D1MACH(1) C C C TEST ON VALIDITY OF PARAMETERS C ------------------------------ C IER = 6 NEVAL = 0 LAST = 0 ALIST(1) = A BLIST(1) = B RLIST(1) = 0.0D+00 ELIST(1) = 0.0D+00 IORD(1) = 0 RESULT = 0.0D+00 ABSERR = 0.0D+00 IF (C.EQ.A.OR.C.EQ.B.OR.(EPSABS.LE.0.0D+00.AND. 1 EPSREL.LT.MAX(0.5D+02*EPMACH,0.5D-28))) GO TO 999 C C FIRST APPROXIMATION TO THE INTEGRAL C ----------------------------------- C AA=A BB=B IF (A.LE.B) GO TO 10 AA=B BB=A 10 IER=0 KRULE = 1 CALL DQC25C(F,AA,BB,C,RESULT,ABSERR,KRULE,NEVAL) LAST = 1 RLIST(1) = RESULT ELIST(1) = ABSERR IORD(1) = 1 ALIST(1) = A BLIST(1) = B C C TEST ON ACCURACY C ERRBND = MAX(EPSABS,EPSREL*ABS(RESULT)) IF(LIMIT.EQ.1) IER = 1 IF(ABSERR.LT.MIN(0.1D-01*ABS(RESULT),ERRBND) 1 .OR.IER.EQ.1) GO TO 70 C C INITIALIZATION C -------------- C ALIST(1) = AA BLIST(1) = BB RLIST(1) = RESULT ERRMAX = ABSERR MAXERR = 1 AREA = RESULT ERRSUM = ABSERR NRMAX = 1 IROFF1 = 0 IROFF2 = 0 C C MAIN DO-LOOP C ------------ C DO 40 LAST = 2,LIMIT C C BISECT THE SUBINTERVAL WITH NRMAX-TH LARGEST C ERROR ESTIMATE. C A1 = ALIST(MAXERR) B1 = 0.5D+00*(ALIST(MAXERR)+BLIST(MAXERR)) B2 = BLIST(MAXERR) IF(C.LE.B1.AND.C.GT.A1) B1 = 0.5D+00*(C+B2) IF(C.GT.B1.AND.C.LT.B2) B1 = 0.5D+00*(A1+C) A2 = B1 KRULE = 2 CALL DQC25C(F,A1,B1,C,AREA1,ERROR1,KRULE,NEV) NEVAL = NEVAL+NEV CALL DQC25C(F,A2,B2,C,AREA2,ERROR2,KRULE,NEV) NEVAL = NEVAL+NEV C C IMPROVE PREVIOUS APPROXIMATIONS TO INTEGRAL C AND ERROR AND TEST FOR ACCURACY. C AREA12 = AREA1+AREA2 ERRO12 = ERROR1+ERROR2 ERRSUM = ERRSUM+ERRO12-ERRMAX AREA = AREA+AREA12-RLIST(MAXERR) IF(ABS(RLIST(MAXERR)-AREA12).LT.0.1D-04*ABS(AREA12) 1 .AND.ERRO12.GE.0.99D+00*ERRMAX.AND.KRULE.EQ.0) 2 IROFF1 = IROFF1+1 IF(LAST.GT.10.AND.ERRO12.GT.ERRMAX.AND.KRULE.EQ.0) 1 IROFF2 = IROFF2+1 RLIST(MAXERR) = AREA1 RLIST(LAST) = AREA2 ERRBND = MAX(EPSABS,EPSREL*ABS(AREA)) IF(ERRSUM.LE.ERRBND) GO TO 15 C C TEST FOR ROUNDOFF ERROR AND EVENTUALLY SET ERROR FLAG. C IF(IROFF1.GE.6.AND.IROFF2.GT.20) IER = 2 C C SET ERROR FLAG IN THE CASE THAT NUMBER OF INTERVAL C BISECTIONS EXCEEDS LIMIT. C IF(LAST.EQ.LIMIT) IER = 1 C C SET ERROR FLAG IN THE CASE OF BAD INTEGRAND BEHAVIOUR C AT A POINT OF THE INTEGRATION RANGE. C IF(MAX(ABS(A1),ABS(B2)).LE.(0.1D+01+0.1D+03*EPMACH) 1 *(ABS(A2)+0.1D+04*UFLOW)) IER = 3 C C APPEND THE NEWLY-CREATED INTERVALS TO THE LIST. C 15 IF(ERROR2.GT.ERROR1) GO TO 20 ALIST(LAST) = A2 BLIST(MAXERR) = B1 BLIST(LAST) = B2 ELIST(MAXERR) = ERROR1 ELIST(LAST) = ERROR2 GO TO 30 20 ALIST(MAXERR) = A2 ALIST(LAST) = A1 BLIST(LAST) = B1 RLIST(MAXERR) = AREA2 RLIST(LAST) = AREA1 ELIST(MAXERR) = ERROR2 ELIST(LAST) = ERROR1 C C CALL SUBROUTINE DQPSRT TO MAINTAIN THE DESCENDING ORDERING C IN THE LIST OF ERROR ESTIMATES AND SELECT THE SUBINTERVAL C WITH NRMAX-TH LARGEST ERROR ESTIMATE (TO BE BISECTED NEXT). C 30 CALL DQPSRT(LIMIT,LAST,MAXERR,ERRMAX,ELIST,IORD,NRMAX) C ***JUMP OUT OF DO-LOOP IF(IER.NE.0.OR.ERRSUM.LE.ERRBND) GO TO 50 40 CONTINUE C C COMPUTE FINAL RESULT. C --------------------- C 50 RESULT = 0.0D+00 DO 60 K=1,LAST RESULT = RESULT+RLIST(K) 60 CONTINUE ABSERR = ERRSUM 70 IF (AA.EQ.B) RESULT=-RESULT 999 RETURN END